JPH0947251A - Frozen eggplant and it production - Google Patents

Frozen eggplant and it production

Info

Publication number
JPH0947251A
JPH0947251A JP7219794A JP21979495A JPH0947251A JP H0947251 A JPH0947251 A JP H0947251A JP 7219794 A JP7219794 A JP 7219794A JP 21979495 A JP21979495 A JP 21979495A JP H0947251 A JPH0947251 A JP H0947251A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
eggplant
frozen
freezing
food
blanching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP7219794A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshitaka Kawabe
義隆 川邊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HIYAKUSAIBOU KK
Original Assignee
HIYAKUSAIBOU KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HIYAKUSAIBOU KK filed Critical HIYAKUSAIBOU KK
Priority to JP7219794A priority Critical patent/JPH0947251A/en
Publication of JPH0947251A publication Critical patent/JPH0947251A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
  • Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce a frozen eggplant, better in flavor and chewiness than those in the case of steaming when thawing and capable of feeding a large amount of eggplant dishes in a Japanese restaurant, a hotel, etc., without any regard to time by peeling the skin of the eggplant roasted until a scorch pattern is formed on the surface and freezing the resultant eggplant. SOLUTION: An eggplant with the intact skin is roasted until a scorch pattern is formed in the surface and the skin is peeled just after the roasting without immersing in water. The resultant eggplant is cooled to normal temperatures and subsequently quick frozen. The quick freezing is preferably carried out by blowing cold air at -40 deg.C thereon and reducing the central temperature of the eggplant to -18 deg.C taking 0.5hr.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、食用として使用される
調理済ナスの冷凍保存技術に関し、時期を問わず料亭や
ホテルなどでナス料理を大量に供給できる冷凍保存技術
に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a frozen preservation technique for cooked eggplants used for food, and relates to a frozen preservation technique capable of supplying a large amount of eggplant dishes at restaurants and hotels at any time.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】自然の冷気を利用して食品を凍結し,保
存する技術は古くから行われており、エスキモーは昔か
らこの方法で食品の貯蔵を行っている。我国おいても、
徳川時代に自然の冷気を利用し寒天や豆腐の製造を行っ
た事実が記録されている。
2. Description of the Related Art A technique for freezing and preserving food by using natural cold air has been used for a long time, and Eskimo has been storing food by this method for a long time. Even in our country
The fact that agar and tofu were produced using natural cold air during the Tokugawa period is recorded.

【0003】本格的な冷凍食品としては、昭和27年の
冷凍ジュースの成功を嚆矢とし、現在、水産物、農産
物、畜産物、調理食品、菓子類など、約2000種類も
の冷凍食品が開発されている。特に、近年、近代的な凍
結設備や配送車、ショウケースの整備が進み、冷凍食品
は、原料の特性を生かしかつその品質を維持する最良の
食品であるとさえ言われている。
As a full-fledged frozen food product, the success of frozen juice in 1952 was a key factor, and about 2000 kinds of frozen food products such as marine products, agricultural products, livestock products, cooked foods and confectionery are now being developed. . Particularly, in recent years, with the recent improvement of modern freezing equipment, delivery vehicles, and showcases, frozen foods are said to be the best foods that make the best use of the characteristics of raw materials and maintain their quality.

【0004】このような冷凍食品は、不可食部分の除
去、調理等の前処理を施し、これを空気凍結法あるいは
流動空気式などの方法よって急速凍結し、さらにこれを
袋詰した後にマイナス18℃で冷凍して出荷される。
Such frozen foods are subjected to pretreatments such as removal of inedible parts and cooking, and they are rapidly frozen by a method such as an air freezing method or a fluidized air method, which is then bagged to minus 18 It is frozen at ℃ and shipped.

【0005】特に野菜類を冷凍する場合の前処理は、欠
かすことのできない重要なものであり、いわゆるブラン
チング(Blanching)といわれる湯通しが行わ
れている。ブランチングを施さずに凍結した場合、野菜
が霜にあたった状態、すなわち凍害を引き起こし、凍結
中に変色を起こしたり臭気が出たりする。
Particularly, the pretreatment for freezing vegetables is an important and indispensable thing, and so-called blanching is used for blanching. When frozen without blanching, the vegetables are exposed to frost, that is, frost damage occurs, causing discoloration or odor during freezing.

【0006】ブランチングは、コーマン(Kahma
n)氏が、1982年、野菜類を軽く煮熟して凍結する
ことにより、凍害を起こすことなく、変色,風味変化も
くい止めることができることを発見して以来行われてい
るもので、野菜の凍結品はほとんどこの湯通し処理が実
施されるようになった。野菜類のブランチングの温度と
時間は、その種類によって異なるが、例えば、ほうれん
草の場合90℃で30秒〜1分間、さといもの場合10
0℃で8〜12分間、カリフラワーの場合100℃で3
〜5分間程度である。
Blanching is performed by Kahma.
It has been carried out since Mr. n) discovered in 1982 that by lightly ripening and freezing vegetables, it is possible to prevent discoloration and flavor change without causing frost damage. Almost all frozen products have been blanched. The temperature and time for blanching vegetables vary depending on the type, but for example, spinach at 90 ° C. for 30 seconds to 1 minute, and potato 10
8-12 minutes at 0 ℃, 3 at 100 ℃ for cauliflower
~ 5 minutes.

【0007】ブランチングの効果としては、 原料野菜中に存在する酵素類(カタラーゼ,オキシ
ターゼ)が湯通しによって不活性化し、凍結中の変色や
風味劣化を防止することができる。 原料野菜の水分を湯通しによって減少させ、解凍時
のドリップの流出を防止することができる。 原料野菜中に含まれる空気が湯通しによって放出さ
れ、凍結による細胞膜の破壊を防止することができる。 湯通しによって細胞組織が軟化し、凍結中の氷結晶
生成による膨張に耐え得るようになる。 加熱によって野菜に付着している細菌を死滅させる
ことができる。などが挙げられる。
As an effect of blanching, enzymes (catalase, oxidase) present in raw vegetables are inactivated by blanching, and discoloration and flavor deterioration during freezing can be prevented. The water content of the raw vegetables can be reduced by blanching, and the drip can be prevented from flowing out during thawing. The air contained in the raw material vegetables is released by blanchage, and it is possible to prevent the destruction of the cell membrane due to freezing. The blanching softens the cellular tissue and allows it to withstand the expansion caused by ice crystal formation during freezing. Bacteria adhering to vegetables can be killed by heating. And the like.

【0008】ブランチングの過不足は製品の品質に大き
く影響するので、適切なブランチングを実施することが
重要であり、またブランチングを終了したものは、冷水
中に投入して急冷し、品質の劣化を防止する必要があ
る。
Since the excess and deficiency of blanching have a great influence on the quality of the product, it is important to carry out an appropriate blanching, and after blanching is finished, the blanching is put into cold water to be rapidly cooled, It is necessary to prevent the deterioration.

【0009】[0009]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】一方、夏から秋にかけ
て淡紫色の花を開き、果菜として古くから栽培されてい
るナスは、和食、洋食、中華を問わず、広く使用されて
いる食材であり、特に油との相性が良く、焼物、煮物、
漬物、揚げ物等に利用されている。
On the other hand, eggplants, which have light purple flowers from summer to autumn and have been cultivated for a long time as fruit vegetables, are widely used foodstuffs regardless of Japanese food, Western food, Chinese food. , Especially good with oil, grilled food, boiled food,
It is used for pickles and fried foods.

【0010】ナスはその表面が暗紫色の果皮で覆われ、
果肉部分はその94%が水分であるため、従来のブラン
チング、すなわち湯通しした場合、ナスの生命とも言え
る香味が無くなり、また水分を多く含むことによって解
凍した際に水っぽくなり、香り、歯触りに大きな影響を
与えている。また、例えば、焼ナスの場合、調理時に多
量の煙が発生し、都会生活者、独身者等が簡単に調理す
ることが困難であった。
The surface of the eggplant is covered with dark purple skin,
Since 94% of the pulp is water, the conventional blanching, that is, blanching, loses the flavor of eggplant life. It also becomes watery when thawed by containing a large amount of water, giving it a fragrance and texture. It has a big impact. Further, for example, in the case of grilled eggplant, a large amount of smoke is generated during cooking, which makes it difficult for urban residents, single persons, etc. to easily cook.

【0011】そこで、本発明において解決すべき課題
は、ナス本来の良さを維持しながら、凍害を起こすこと
なく冷凍保存し、かつ簡単に調理することが可能な技術
を提供することにある。
[0011] Therefore, the problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a technique which can be preserved frozen without causing frost damage and easily cooked while maintaining the original goodness of eggplant.

【課題を解決するための手段】[Means for Solving the Problems]

【0012】本発明の冷凍ナスは上記課題を解決するた
めに、従来の焼ナスと同じ要領で、ナスの表面に強火で
焦げ目がつくまで焼いて皮を剥き、これを急速凍結した
ことを特徴とする。ここで、凍結効率を上げ、また解凍
後の調理を簡素化するために、皮を剥いたナスを一口大
に切断して凍結することができる。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the frozen eggplant of the present invention is characterized in that the eggplant surface is burned by high heat until it becomes brown and peeled, and the frozen eggplant is rapidly frozen in the same manner as in the conventional grilled eggplant. And Here, in order to improve the freezing efficiency and to simplify the cooking after thawing, the peeled eggplant can be cut into bite-sized pieces and frozen.

【0013】急速凍結は、−40℃の冷風温度を吹きつ
け0.5時間をかけて、ナスの中心温度を−18℃まで
下げる。植物組織では、特に細胞が不整列で粗剛である
ため、動物組織よりも凍結による組織損傷を受けやす
く、これを防止する手段として、一般には急速に凍結し
て組織内水分を小さな氷結晶とすることが望ましい。凍
結速度が上記よりも遅いと、氷の結晶が大きくなり組織
の破壊が多くなり、解凍後にドロドロの状態に成りやす
い。
In the quick freezing, cold air temperature of -40 ° C is blown and the center temperature of eggplant is lowered to -18 ° C over 0.5 hour. In plant tissues, cells are particularly misaligned and rough, so they are more susceptible to tissue damage due to freezing than animal tissues.As a means to prevent this, in general, freezing rapidly causes water in the tissues to become small ice crystals. It is desirable to do. If the freezing speed is slower than the above, the ice crystals become large and the destruction of the tissue increases, so that the frozen state tends to become muddy.

【0014】凍結方法として、冷媒をパイプを通して循
環させ冷凍室内を冷却し、食品を冷凍パンと呼ばれる容
器に詰め、棚に差し込んで凍結する空気凍結法、フロ・
フリーズともいわれ、冷風が食品の下部から吹き上げる
流動式凍結法、特殊なチェインコンベアを用い連続的に
冷風を循環して凍結を行うコンベア式連続凍結法、コン
ベア式連続凍結法の一つで食品がコンベアに乗って移動
する間に、過冷却された溶液が強い勢いで食品に吹き付
けられる噴霧式凍結法、長方形の鉄板製タンクの中に食
塩ブラインを満たし、冷却器を片隅に設置して攪拌機に
よりブラインを循環させ、この中に凍結する食品を直接
投入する浸漬式凍結法、過冷却された金属板の間に食品
を置き、圧力をかけて金属板と食品をよく接触させる接
触式凍結法、窒素および炭酸ガス等を液化したものの中
に食品を入れ凍結する冷媒直接接触法など周知の方法を
採用することができるが、大量生産方式として、自動コ
ンベアを備えて凍結庫の中に−40℃の冷風を強制循環
させる方式が、特に、コスト的、品質的にも望ましい。
As a freezing method, an air freezing method, in which a refrigerant is circulated through a pipe to cool the inside of a freezing chamber, food is packed in a container called a frozen pan, and the food is inserted into a shelf and frozen,
It is also called freeze, and one of the fluidized freezing method in which cold air blows up from the bottom of the food, the conveyor continuous freezing method in which the cold air is continuously circulated and frozen using a special chain conveyor, and the conveyor continuous freezing method While moving on the conveyor, the supercooled solution is sprayed on the food with a strong force spray freezing method, a rectangular steel plate tank is filled with salt brine, a cooler is installed in one corner and a stirrer is used. The brine is circulated, and the food to be frozen is directly put in the immersion type freezing method, the food is placed between the supercooled metal plates, and the contact type freezing method is used to bring the metal plate and the food into good contact with each other by applying pressure, nitrogen and Well-known methods such as the refrigerant direct contact method in which food is put in liquefied carbon dioxide etc. and frozen can be adopted, but as a mass production method, it is equipped with an automatic conveyor and frozen. Method for forcibly circulating the cold air -40 ℃ in refrigerator, in particular, cost also desirable qualitative.

【0015】また、特に、ナス本来の香味と歯触りを保
持するために、ナスを皮つきのまま表面に焦げ目ができ
るまで強火で焼き、その後水に浸すこと無く皮を剥いて
常温まで冷まし、次いで急速凍結することを特徴とす
る。
Further, in particular, in order to maintain the original flavor and texture of the eggplant, the eggplant is baked with high heat until the surface is browned, and then peeled and cooled to room temperature without soaking in water, and then, It is characterized by rapid freezing.

【0016】[0016]

【作用】一般に食品は、なんらかの手段によって保存す
る場合、ビタミン類、蛋白質、脂肪、その他の成分が変
化して栄養価の減少が起こることは周知のことである
が、これらの変化は微生物とか酵素、酸素、光等が作用
しておきる一種の化学変化である。このうち微生物なら
びに酵素には、それぞれ活発に作用する適温度があり、
この適温度がよりはるかに高い温度では酵素は不活性化
し、はるかに低い温度では、その作用力は非常に小さく
なる。凍結処理前にナスの表面に焦げ目ができるまで焼
くことによって、原料野菜中に存在する酵素類(カタラ
ーゼ,オキシターゼ)が不活性化し、凍結中の変色や風
味劣化を防止することができ湯通しによる効果と同様の
効果を奏すると共に、焼いたことによる特有の香ばしい
香りを出すことができるなど、湯通しによる効果とは異
なった効果を奏する。
It is well known that when food is stored by some means, vitamins, proteins, fats and other components change to cause a decrease in nutritional value, but these changes are caused by microorganisms and enzymes. It is a kind of chemical change that oxygen, light, etc. act on. Of these, microorganisms and enzymes have suitable temperatures at which they act actively.
At temperatures where this optimum temperature is much higher, the enzyme is inactivated, and at much lower temperatures, its potency is very small. By baking until the eggplant surface is browned before freezing, the enzymes (catalase, oxidase) present in the raw vegetables are inactivated, and discoloration and flavor deterioration during freezing can be prevented and the effect of blanching In addition to the effect similar to the above, it has an effect different from the effect of blanching, such as being able to give out a unique fragrant scent due to baking.

【0017】また、湯に接触させずナスの水分を効率良
く蒸発させることによって、ナス本来の香味と歯触りを
保持しつつ、かつ解凍時におけるドリップの流出を効果
的に防止することができる。
Further, by efficiently evaporating the water content of the eggplant without contacting it with hot water, the original flavor and texture of the eggplant can be maintained and the drip can be effectively prevented from flowing out during thawing.

【0018】さらには、特に空隙部が多いナスの組織内
に含まれる空気が、湯通しよりもより効率よく放出さ
れ、凍結による細胞膜の破壊を防止することができる。
Further, the air contained in the eggplant tissue having many voids is released more efficiently than the blanched tissue, and the destruction of the cell membrane due to freezing can be prevented.

【0019】このようにして製造された冷凍ナスは、自
然解凍や電子レンジ等を使用した加熱解凍により、その
まま焼ナスとして、また、和食、洋食、中華などの食材
として手軽に使用することができる。
The frozen eggplant thus produced can be easily used as it is as a grilled eggplant as it is by natural thawing or by heat thawing using a microwave oven, or as a food such as Japanese food, Western food, Chinese food. .

【0020】[0020]

【実施例】生産地で栽培されたナスをその日のうちに集
荷し、表面を水洗いした。これを丸のまま焼ナスの要領
で、一般家庭用のガスレンジを用い表面に焦げ目がつく
まで、平均7分程度焼いた。ナスの弾力性が失われた時
点で、中心部まで串を刺して蒸気が出ることを確認した
上で、ガスレンジから取り上げ、水に浸すことなく焼い
た直後、表面の焦げた皮をはぎ取った。
[Examples] Eggplants cultivated in the production area were collected on the same day and the surface was washed with water. The whole was roasted in the same manner as an eggplant, using a gas stove for general household use, and was baked for about 7 minutes on average until the surface became brown. When the eggplant's elasticity was lost, after confirming that the skewers were stabbed to the center to release steam, the eggplant was taken out of the gas stove, and immediately after baking without dipping in water, the charred skin was peeled off. .

【0021】これを、そのまま(実施例1)、及び約5
cm程度に切断し(実施例2)、1時間かけて自然冷却
によって荒熱を取り、金属プレートに載せて業務用の冷
蔵庫に入れ、0.5時間かけてナスの中心部の温度が−
18℃となるように急速凍結させた。これを1kgずつ
プラスチック製の袋に包装した。また、焼いた後、水に
入れて冷却したものを作成した(実施例3)。
[0021] As it is (Example 1), and about 5
Cut into about 1 cm (Example 2), take the rough heat by natural cooling for 1 hour, put on a metal plate and put in a refrigerator for business use, and the temperature of the center of the eggplant is reduced to 0.5 hours.
It was rapidly frozen to 18 ° C. Each 1 kg of this was packaged in a plastic bag. In addition, after baking, it was placed in water and cooled (Example 3).

【0022】比較例1として、従来のブランチング法、
すなわち、90〜100℃の湯で3分〜5分湯通し、さ
らに水に入れて冷却し、これを0.5時間かけて−18
℃となるように凍結させた冷凍ナスを作成した。また、
比較例2として、同様の手順で、冷却時間を1時間以上
とした。
As Comparative Example 1, a conventional branching method,
That is, it is boiled with hot water of 90 to 100 ° C. for 3 to 5 minutes, further put in water to cool, and this is cooled to −18 over 0.5 hours
Frozen eggplant was frozen at a temperature of ℃. Also,
As Comparative Example 2, the cooling time was set to 1 hour or longer by the same procedure.

【0023】このようにして作成した冷凍ナスを、電子
レンジによって2分間の同一条件で解凍し、実際に食す
る実験を行った。表1はその結果を示すもので、ドリッ
プの流出状況、外観、味、香りについてぞれぞれの評価
を行った。
The frozen eggplant thus prepared was thawed in a microwave oven under the same conditions for 2 minutes, and an experiment of actually eating was conducted. Table 1 shows the result, and the drip outflow condition, appearance, taste, and scent were evaluated.

【0024】[0024]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0025】また、この解凍した冷凍ナスを5〜8mm
にスライスしたもの、また、煮物、炒め物、マーボナス
の食材として使用したところ、本実施例品において味お
よび香りについて明らかな優位性が確認された。また、
冷凍に際し、オーブンレンジを用い蒸焼状態で焼いたも
のは、香味の点で低いことが確認された。
In addition, this thawed frozen eggplant is 5 to 8 mm
When it was used as a food material for slices, boiled foods, stir-fried foods, and marbonas, clear superiority in taste and aroma was confirmed in the product of this example. Also,
During freezing, it was confirmed that the one baked in a steamed state using a microwave oven had a low flavor.

【0026】以上より明らかなように、本発明の冷凍ナ
スによれば、ナス本来の良さを維持しながら、凍害を起
こすことなく冷凍保存することが可能となった。
As is clear from the above, according to the frozen eggplant of the present invention, it is possible to store the frozen eggplant without freezing damage while maintaining the original goodness of the eggplant.

【0027】[0027]

【発明の効果】本発明によって以下の効果を奏すること
ができる。
According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

【0028】(a)冷凍の前処理として、ナスを焼くこ
とによって、解凍時において、湯通しの場合よりも、香
味、歯触りに優れたものとなる。
(A) By baking the eggplant as a pretreatment for freezing, the flavor and texture of the eggplant at the time of thawing becomes superior to those of the case of blanching.

【0029】(b)自然解凍や電子レンジ等を使用した
加熱解凍により、そのまま焼ナスとして、また、和食、
洋食、中華などの食材として手軽に使用することができ
る。
(B) By natural thawing or heat thawing using a microwave oven or the like, the aubergine as it is, Japanese food,
It can be easily used as an ingredient for Western food and Chinese food.

【0030】(c)大量に1度に提供できることによ
り、ホテル,料亭等での常時保存により、時期を問わず
ナス料理を年間を通して食べることができる。
(C) Since a large amount of food can be provided at one time, it is possible to eat eggplant dishes at any time of the year by keeping it constantly in hotels, restaurants, etc.

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 表面に焦げ目がつくまで焼いたナスの皮
を剥き、これを凍結した冷凍ナス。
1. A frozen eggplant obtained by peeling an eggplant that has been roasted until its surface is brown and then freezing it.
【請求項2】 皮を剥いたナスを一口大に切断して凍結
した請求項1記載の冷凍ナス。
2. The frozen eggplant according to claim 1, wherein the peeled eggplant is cut into bite-sized pieces and frozen.
【請求項3】 ナスを皮つきのまま表面に焦げ目ができ
るまで焼き、その後水に浸すこと無く焼いた直後に皮を
剥いて常温まで冷まし、次いで急速凍結する冷凍ナスの
製造方法。
3. A method for producing a frozen eggplant, in which eggplants are baked until they are browned on the surface without being covered with skin, and then immediately after being baked without being soaked in water, the skins are peeled, cooled to room temperature, and then rapidly frozen.
JP7219794A 1995-08-03 1995-08-03 Frozen eggplant and it production Pending JPH0947251A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7219794A JPH0947251A (en) 1995-08-03 1995-08-03 Frozen eggplant and it production

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7219794A JPH0947251A (en) 1995-08-03 1995-08-03 Frozen eggplant and it production

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0947251A true JPH0947251A (en) 1997-02-18

Family

ID=16741138

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP7219794A Pending JPH0947251A (en) 1995-08-03 1995-08-03 Frozen eggplant and it production

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0947251A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006271352A (en) * 2005-03-28 2006-10-12 Hokkaido Method for producing frozen food

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006271352A (en) * 2005-03-28 2006-10-12 Hokkaido Method for producing frozen food

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