JPH0938223A - Fire proof smoke proof equipment - Google Patents
Fire proof smoke proof equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0938223A JPH0938223A JP19979095A JP19979095A JPH0938223A JP H0938223 A JPH0938223 A JP H0938223A JP 19979095 A JP19979095 A JP 19979095A JP 19979095 A JP19979095 A JP 19979095A JP H0938223 A JPH0938223 A JP H0938223A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- elevator
- fire
- pressure
- elevator hall
- smoke
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、高層ビルなどに
設置されたエレベータホールへの火炎や煙の流入を防止
するための防火防煙設備に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire and smoke prevention system for preventing flame and smoke from flowing into an elevator hall installed in a high-rise building or the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ビル平面計画においては、ビル入居者お
よび来館者が最もよく利用する日常動線であるエレベー
タホールを避難動線とすることは避難安全上有利であ
り、また避難動線を別に設ける必要がない点から、有利
で経済的である。2. Description of the Related Art In a floor plan for a building, it is advantageous in terms of evacuation safety to use an elevator hall, which is a daily flow line most frequently used by building residents and visitors, as an evacuation flow line. It is advantageous and economical because it does not need to be provided.
【０００３】ところで、エレベータ扉の遮煙性能は防火
扉の規定である０．２ｍ3 /secより大幅に下回る５乃至
６ｍ3 /secであり、下階で発生した煙がエレベータシャ
フトを通じて上階の各エレベータホールに拡散する惧れ
がある。By the way, the smoke barrier performance of the elevator door is 5 to 6 m 3 / sec, which is much lower than the 0.2 m 3 / sec that is the regulation of the fire door, and the smoke generated in the lower floor passes through the elevator shaft to the upper floor. There is a fear of spreading to each elevator hall.
【０００４】該種拡散現象を防止し、避難動線を確保す
るために従来では次の方法が採用されていた。In order to prevent the seed diffusion phenomenon and secure the evacuation flow line, the following method has been conventionally used.
【０００５】（１）エレベータシャフト内を加圧し、煙
がエレベータシャフトそのものに侵入することを防止す
る。(1) The inside of the elevator shaft is pressurized to prevent smoke from entering the elevator shaft itself.
【０００６】（２）エレベータ扉の前に防火シャッター
を配置することで煙のエレベータシャフト内への煙の流
入を防止する。(2) A fireproof shutter is arranged in front of the elevator door to prevent smoke from flowing into the elevator shaft.
【０００７】その他、内部廊下を加圧することが知られ
ているが、これは避難路としてエレベータホールを使用
しないことを前提とするため、避難者が日常習慣に従っ
てエレベータホールへの扉を開けたときに加圧力が低下
し、加圧の効果が薄れる欠点がある。It is also known to pressurize the inner corridor, but this is premised on the fact that the elevator hall is not used as an evacuation route, so when the evacuee opens the door to the elevator hall according to his daily routine. In addition, there is a drawback that the applied pressure decreases and the effect of pressurization diminishes.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】（１）の方法では、例
えば超高層ビル等では一つのエレベータシャフトにエレ
ベータ扉が多数存在する。それゆえ扉の隙間やシャフト
壁のジョイント部からの空気の漏れを補ってシャフト内
を加圧するためには、非常に大規模な加圧装置を必要と
し、また漏れなどを防止するために日常のメンテナンス
を頻繁に必要とする。In the method (1), for example, in a skyscraper, many elevator doors exist on one elevator shaft. Therefore, a very large-scale pressurizing device is required to pressurize the inside of the shaft by compensating for the air leakage from the door gap and the joint part of the shaft wall. Needs frequent maintenance.
【０００９】（２）の方法ではエレベータホールの幅が
せばまり、待避時の障害になるとともに、シャッターの
ガイドレール等が日常動線の邪魔となる。According to the method (2), the width of the elevator hall is narrowed, which becomes an obstacle at the time of evacuation, and the guide rail of the shutter and the like obstruct the daily flow line.
【００１０】この発明は、各階のエレベータホール内を
加圧手段により加圧し、空気の流れをエレベータホール
側から各部に配向させることで、エレベータホールを避
難路として使用しながら、延焼を防止し、遮煙できるよ
うにした防火防煙設備を提供することを目的としてい
る。According to the present invention, the inside of the elevator hall on each floor is pressurized by the pressurizing means and the air flow is directed from the elevator hall side to each part, thereby preventing the spread of fire while using the elevator hall as an evacuation route. It is intended to provide a fire and smoke prevention equipment capable of smoke shielding.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１にかかる発明
は、各階のエレベータホールに隣接して設けられる避難
階段用の付室と、該付室に隣接して設けられ各階を上下
に貫く加圧シャフトと、該加圧シャフト内に配置された
加圧ダクトと、火災発生時に前記加圧ダクトを加圧する
加圧手段と、前記加圧ダクトと各階の付室との間に配置
された吹出口のうち当該火災発生階における吹出口のみ
を開放する開放手段と、該開放手段の開放により付室が
加圧されたときに前記エレベータホールを加圧するため
該エレベータホールと付室との間に配置されて両者の間
を通気可能に連通するリリーフダンパとを備えたことに
より、火災発生時に、付室とエレベータホールとの間に
差圧が生じ、この差圧によってリリーフダンパが開き、
空気をエレベータホール側に一方向流通させる。このた
め、エレベータホールを避難路として使用し、かつ、エ
レベータシャフトを通じての煙の拡散を防ぐ。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a room for an evacuation staircase provided adjacent to an elevator hall on each floor, and a room provided vertically adjacent to the room, which vertically penetrates each floor. A pressure shaft, a pressure duct arranged in the pressure shaft, pressure means for pressurizing the pressure duct in the event of a fire, and a blower arranged between the pressure duct and the room on each floor. An opening means for opening only the outlet on the fire occurrence floor among the exits, and between the elevator hall and the room for pressurizing the elevator hall when the room is pressurized by opening the opening means. By providing a relief damper that is arranged and communicates with each other in a ventilable manner, when a fire occurs, a differential pressure is generated between the attached room and the elevator hall, and the relief damper opens due to this differential pressure,
Air is unidirectionally circulated to the elevator hall side. Therefore, the elevator hall is used as an evacuation route and the smoke is prevented from diffusing through the elevator shaft.
【００１２】請求項２にかかる発明は、前記エレベータ
の扉の遮煙性能を、０．５〜１ｍ3／(sec・m)としたこ
とにより、エレベータの扉の遮煙性能を向上することが
でき、エレベータホール内の圧力低下を防ぐ。According to the second aspect of the present invention, the smoke shielding performance of the elevator door is improved by setting the smoke shielding performance of the elevator door to 0.5 to 1 m 3 / (sec · m). Can prevent pressure drop in the elevator hall.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】図１、図２はこの発明によるエレ
ベータホールと加圧シャフトとの関係を示す配置図であ
る。図における建物は、多数のエレベータシャフト１の
エレベータ扉１ａが並列して対向配置された各階のエレ
ベータホールＰ2 と、エレベータホールＰ2 の背面側に
配置され扉３を介して連通する各部屋Ｒ，Ｒと、エレベ
ーターホールＰ2 と隣接する拡張ホールＰ1 の一端側に
対面し、扉４の開放によって通行可能な付室５を介して
配置された避難用の階段室６を備えている。1 and 2 are layout diagrams showing the relationship between an elevator hall and a pressure shaft according to the present invention. The building shown in the figure has an elevator hall P2 on each floor in which elevator doors 1a of a large number of elevator shafts 1 are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other, and rooms R, R which are arranged on the rear side of the elevator hall P2 and communicate with each other via a door 3. And an evacuation stairway room 6 facing the one end side of the expansion hall P1 adjacent to the elevator hall P2 and arranged through a room 5 accessible by opening the door 4.
【００１４】階段室６は階段６ｂを備えているととも
に、付室の正面には各階を上下に貫く加圧シャフト７が
配置されている。加圧シャフト７内には加圧ダクト９が
配置され、加圧ダクト９と各階の付室５との間には吹出
口１１が設けられている。そして、各階の吹出口１１，
１１には、図示しない駆動手段により回転駆動されて該
吹出口１１を各別に開閉する開閉弁１３が配置されてい
る。The staircase 6 is provided with a staircase 6b, and a pressure shaft 7 which vertically penetrates each floor is arranged in the front of the attached room. A pressure duct 9 is arranged in the pressure shaft 7, and an air outlet 11 is provided between the pressure duct 9 and the room 5 on each floor. And the outlet 11 on each floor,
An on-off valve 13 that is rotationally driven by a drive unit (not shown) to open and close each of the outlets 11 is arranged at 11.
【００１５】加圧ダクト９には、いずれかの階で火災が
発生したとき、この火災を検知して該ダクト９全体を加
圧する送風ファン（図示しない）が設けられている。一
方、開閉弁１３開閉用の駆動手段は、いずれかの階にて
火災が発生したとき、当該階における開閉弁１３のみを
開放するよう構成されている。The pressurizing duct 9 is provided with a blower fan (not shown) which detects a fire and pressurizes the entire duct 9 when a fire occurs on any floor. On the other hand, the drive means for opening and closing the on-off valve 13 is configured to open only the on-off valve 13 on the floor when a fire occurs on one of the floors.
【００１６】また、扉４の側方にはリリーフダンパ１５
が設けられている。このダンパ１５は、多数のスラット
９ａを揺動可能に配置し、かつエレベータホールＰ1 ，
Ｐ2側に向けて開放するように構成したシャッター形式
であり、付室５とエレベータホールＰ1 ，Ｐ2 との差圧
（５＞Ｐ1 ，Ｐ2 ) が生ずると自動的に開放して空気を
エレベータホールＰ1 ，Ｐ2 側に流す。A relief damper 15 is provided on the side of the door 4.
Is provided. This damper 15 has a large number of slats 9a arranged so as to be swingable, and has an elevator hall P1,
The shutter type is configured to open toward the P2 side, and when a differential pressure (5> P1, P2) between the attached room 5 and the elevator holes P1 and P2 occurs, the air is automatically opened to release air into the elevator hall P1. , P2 side.
【００１７】以上の構成において、特定階における各部
屋Ｒのうちの一つから火災が発生した場合に、火災感知
システムの起動により、加圧ダクト９の送風機が駆動さ
れて加圧ダクト９が加圧され、吹出口１１を通じて付室
５内に空気が吹き込こまれる。付室５に対する空気の吹
き込みにより付室５内の圧力はエレベータホールＰ1，
Ｐ2 内の圧力より高くなり、リリーフダンパ１５を通じ
てエレベータホール側に図中矢印に示すごとく空気の流
れが生じ、さらにエレベータホールＰ1 ，Ｐ2からエレ
ベータシャフト１および各部屋Ｒ側に向けて空気の流れ
が生ずることになり、これによって火災によるエレベー
タホール２への火炎の吹き込みや煙の流れが遮断され、
各部屋Ｒ側からエレベータホールを通じて階段室６まで
に至る避難動線として確保することができることにな
る。In the above structure, when a fire occurs in one of the rooms R on the specific floor, the blower of the pressurizing duct 9 is driven by the activation of the fire detection system, and the pressurizing duct 9 is added. The air is blown into the attached chamber 5 through the air outlet 11. By blowing air into the attached chamber 5, the pressure in the attached chamber 5 is increased to the elevator hall P1,
The pressure becomes higher than the pressure in P2, air flows through the relief damper 15 to the elevator hall side as shown by the arrow in the figure, and further the air flow from the elevator holes P1 and P2 toward the elevator shaft 1 and each room R side. This will cause the fire to blow into the elevator hall 2 and the smoke flow due to the fire,
It can be ensured as an evacuation flow line from each room R side to the staircase 6 through the elevator hall.
【００１８】また、初期消火などの遅れによって万が一
火災圧力が強くなり空気流が逆になったとしてもリリー
フダンパ１５は閉じられるため、避難階段側の安全性は
確保される。Further, even if the fire pressure becomes strong and the air flow is reversed due to a delay such as initial fire extinguishing, the relief damper 15 is closed, so the safety on the evacuation stairs side is secured.
【００１９】なお、以上の実施形態ではリリーフダンパ
１５は差圧によって開く構成としたが、自動開閉方式と
し、火災検知システムと連動させて火災発生階のみ開く
構成としてもよい。Although the relief damper 15 is opened by the differential pressure in the above embodiment, it may be opened and closed only by the automatic opening / closing method in conjunction with the fire detection system.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、請求項１の発明に
よれば、火災発生時に、付室とエレベータホールとの間
に差圧が生じ、この差圧によってリリーフダンパが開
き、空気をエレベータホール側に一方向流通させるた
め、エレベータホールを避難路として使用し、かつ、エ
レベータシャフトを通じての煙の拡散を防ぐことができ
る。請求項２によれば、エレベータの扉の遮煙性能を既
存技術で可能な範囲で向上させ、エレベータホール内の
圧力低下を防ぐので、請求項１にかかる発明の作用を確
実にすることができる。As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, when a fire occurs, a differential pressure is generated between the attached room and the elevator hall, and the relief damper is opened by this differential pressure, and the air is lifted. Since the air is circulated in one direction to the hall side, it is possible to use the elevator hall as an evacuation route and prevent smoke from diffusing through the elevator shaft. According to the second aspect, the smoke shielding performance of the elevator door is improved to the extent possible by the existing technology, and the pressure drop in the elevator hall is prevented, so that the operation of the invention according to the first aspect can be ensured. .
【図１】この発明を適用した建物におけるエレベータホ
ールと加圧シャフトとの関係を示す配置図である。FIG. 1 is a layout diagram showing a relationship between an elevator hall and a pressure shaft in a building to which the present invention is applied.
【図２】図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
【図３】エレベータホール側から見た防火戸の姿図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a view of the fire door as seen from the elevator hall side.
１ エレベータシャフト Ｐ1 ，Ｐ2 エレベータホール ５ 付室 ６ 階段室 ７ 加圧シャフト ９ 加圧ダクト １１ 吹出し口 １３ 開閉弁 １５ リリーフダンパ 1 Elevator Shafts P1, P2 Elevator Hall 5 Room with 6 6 Stair Room 7 Pressurizing Shaft 9 Pressurizing Duct 11 Outlet 13 Opening Valve 15 Relief Damper
Claims (2)
られる避難階段用の付室と、該付室に隣接して設けられ
各階を上下に貫く加圧シャフトと、該加圧シャフト内に
配置された加圧ダクトと、火災発生時に前記加圧ダクト
を加圧する加圧手段と、前記加圧ダクトと各階の付室と
の間に配置された吹出口のうち当該火災発生階における
吹出口のみを開放する開放手段と、該開放手段の開放に
より付室が加圧されたときに前記エレベータホールを加
圧するため該エレベータホールと付室との間に配置され
て両者の間を通気可能に連通するリリーフダンパとを備
えたことを特徴とする防火防煙設備。1. An attached room for an evacuation staircase that is provided adjacent to an elevator hall on each floor, a pressure shaft that is provided adjacent to the attached room and that vertically penetrates each floor, and is arranged in the pressure shaft. A pressure duct, a pressure means for pressurizing the pressure duct in the event of a fire, and only the air outlet on the floor where the fire occurred among the air outlets arranged between the pressure duct and the attached room on each floor. An opening means for opening and an opening hole for pressurizing the elevator hole when the opening means is opened to pressurize the elevator hole, and the opening hole is provided between the elevator hole and the attaching room so as to communicate with each other in a ventilable manner. Fire and smoke prevention equipment characterized by having a relief damper.
５〜１ｍ3 ／(sec・m)としたことを特徴とする請求項１
に記載の防火防煙設備。2. The smoke shielding performance of the elevator door is reduced to 0.
It is set to 5 to 1 m 3 / (sec · m).
Fire and smoke prevention equipment described in.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07199790A JP3098177B2 (en) | 1995-08-04 | 1995-08-04 | Fire and smoke prevention equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07199790A JP3098177B2 (en) | 1995-08-04 | 1995-08-04 | Fire and smoke prevention equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0938223A true JPH0938223A (en) | 1997-02-10 |
| JP3098177B2 JP3098177B2 (en) | 2000-10-16 |
Family
ID=16413663
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07199790A Expired - Lifetime JP3098177B2 (en) | 1995-08-04 | 1995-08-04 | Fire and smoke prevention equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3098177B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012504994A (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2012-03-01 | スイス ラルテック ゲーエムベーハー | High-rise building with stairwell and air supply shaft |
| JP2013059399A (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2013-04-04 | Ohbayashi Corp | Building including facility for people in need of help in disaster |
| JP2015171415A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-10-01 | 株式会社大林組 | Compression smoke prevention and exhaustion equipment |
| JP2016144629A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2016-08-12 | ジェンジョウ・ジンカン・セキュリティー・エンジニアリング・カンパニー・リミテッドＺｈｅｎｇｚｈｏｕ Ｊｉｎｇｃａｎ Ｓｅｃｕｒｉｔｙ Ｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ Ｃｏ．， Ｌｔｄ． | Building fire lifesaving system, and method for using building fire lifesaving system |
| CN111589039A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-28 | 天津可人生活用品有限公司 | Household fire-fighting equipment storage and emergency refuge device |
-
1995
- 1995-08-04 JP JP07199790A patent/JP3098177B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012504994A (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2012-03-01 | スイス ラルテック ゲーエムベーハー | High-rise building with stairwell and air supply shaft |
| JP2013059399A (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2013-04-04 | Ohbayashi Corp | Building including facility for people in need of help in disaster |
| JP2016144629A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2016-08-12 | ジェンジョウ・ジンカン・セキュリティー・エンジニアリング・カンパニー・リミテッドＺｈｅｎｇｚｈｏｕ Ｊｉｎｇｃａｎ Ｓｅｃｕｒｉｔｙ Ｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ Ｃｏ．， Ｌｔｄ． | Building fire lifesaving system, and method for using building fire lifesaving system |
| JP2015171415A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-10-01 | 株式会社大林組 | Compression smoke prevention and exhaustion equipment |
| CN111589039A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-28 | 天津可人生活用品有限公司 | Household fire-fighting equipment storage and emergency refuge device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3098177B2 (en) | 2000-10-16 |
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