JPH09325219A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09325219A JPH09325219A JP8145502A JP14550296A JPH09325219A JP H09325219 A JPH09325219 A JP H09325219A JP 8145502 A JP8145502 A JP 8145502A JP 14550296 A JP14550296 A JP 14550296A JP H09325219 A JPH09325219 A JP H09325219A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- display device
- light source
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、液晶表示素子を用
い画像表示を行う液晶表示装置に掛かり、特に液晶表示
素子を効率的に照射する照射装置を有する液晶表示装置
に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device for displaying an image using a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display device having an irradiation device for efficiently irradiating the liquid crystal display device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】液晶表示装置において、液晶表示素子に
透過光を照射し画像表示を行う光照射装置の内、照射光
に方向性を持たせ高輝度を得るものとして、従来特開平
２−２３８４８６号公報に開示されるように、光入口開
口部に光源を有する透明材料からなり集中体を有する導
光チュ−ブにて、液晶表示板をその背面より集光照射す
る装置が用いられていた。2. Description of the Related Art In a liquid crystal display device, a light irradiating device for irradiating a liquid crystal display element with transmitted light to display an image is known as a light irradiating device having a directional property and high brightness. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. JP-A-2003-242, there is used a device for condensing and irradiating a liquid crystal display panel from its rear surface in a light guide tube having a concentrator made of a transparent material having a light source at a light entrance opening. .
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記従来
の装置にあっては、ライン状の液晶表示板の照射には適
するものの、平面状の液晶表示素子の照射を可能とする
ものでは無かった。However, the above-mentioned conventional apparatus is suitable for irradiating a linear liquid crystal display plate, but it is not capable of irradiating a flat liquid crystal display element.
【０００４】一方近年、薄型軽量且つ低消費電力という
利点を有する事から、日本語ワードプロセッサやディス
クトップパーソナルコンピュータ等のパーソナルＯＡ機
器等の表示装置あるいは、液晶テレビの表示画面等の大
型の面状の液晶表示素子を有する液晶表示装置が多用さ
れている。そしてこの様な液晶表示装置の使用時、その
観測者は一般に小人数であり、限られた方向から観測す
ることが多いにも拘らず、液晶表示素子を照射する平板
状の透明な導光板からなる光源は集光性を保持せず、全
面を均等に照射しているため、高輝度を得ようとする
と、消費電力量の大きい光源を用いなければならず、省
エネルギー化が妨げられると共に光源からの発熱量も増
大され悪影響を及ぼすという問題を生じていた。このた
め、面状の液晶表示素子を照射するものでありながら、
光源の消費電力量を増大する事なく、観測者の方向にて
高輝度を得られる照射装置の開発が要望されていた。On the other hand, in recent years, because of the advantages of thinness, lightness and low power consumption, display devices such as Japanese word processors and desktop personal computers, such as personal OA equipment, or large-scale planes such as display screens of liquid crystal televisions. A liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal display element is widely used. And when using such a liquid crystal display device, the number of observers is generally small, and although it is often observed from a limited direction, it is possible to use a flat transparent light guide plate that illuminates the liquid crystal display element. Since the light source does not maintain the light-collecting property and illuminates the entire surface evenly, it is necessary to use a light source that consumes a large amount of power in order to obtain high brightness. However, the amount of heat generated is increased, which causes a problem of adverse effects. Therefore, while irradiating a planar liquid crystal display element,
There has been a demand for the development of an irradiation device that can obtain high brightness in the direction of the observer without increasing the power consumption of the light source.
【０００５】そこで本発明は上記課題を解決するため
に、大型の面状の液晶表示素子を照射可能でありなが
ら、出射光線が全面に拡散されるのを防止し、限られた
観測者の方向に効率的に出射光線を集光する事により、
低消費電力の光源でありながら高輝度を得られ、省エネ
ルギー化を実現可能な液晶表示装置を提供することを目
的とする。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention can prevent the emitted light rays from being diffused over the entire surface while being capable of irradiating a large-sized planar liquid crystal display element, thus limiting the direction of the observer. By efficiently concentrating the emitted light to
It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device that can obtain high brightness and can realize energy saving even though it is a light source of low power consumption.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記課題を解決
するための手段として、電極を有し互いに対向する電極
基板の間隙に液晶組成物を封入してなる液晶表示素子
と、この液晶表示素子と略同等の面積を有する導光板及
びこの導光板を照射する光源からなり前記液晶表示素子
背面にて透過光を照射する照射装置とを有する液晶表示
装置において、前記導光板が、透光可能な材質からなる
複数の円柱状部材の集合体及び前記円柱状部材に設けら
れる光散乱反射パターンからなり、前記光源が、前記円
柱状部材の開口端部に位置するものである。Means for Solving the Problems As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides a liquid crystal display element having electrodes and a liquid crystal composition sealed in a gap between electrode substrates facing each other, and the liquid crystal display. In a liquid crystal display device having a light guide plate having an area substantially equal to that of the device and a light source for irradiating the light guide plate, and an irradiation device for irradiating transmitted light on the back surface of the liquid crystal display device, the light guide plate can transmit light. It is composed of an aggregate of a plurality of columnar members made of different materials and a light scattering reflection pattern provided on the columnar member, and the light source is located at the opening end of the columnar member.
【０００７】上記構成により本発明は、導光板にて大型
の面状の液晶表示素子を照射可能であり、しかも光源か
らの光が、導光板の円柱状部材を通過する間に、光散乱
反射パターンにより所定方向に集光して出射される事か
ら、光源の消費電力量を増大する事なく所定方向にて高
輝度を得られ、省エネルギータイプの大型液晶表示装置
の実用化を可能とするものである。According to the present invention having the above structure, the light guide plate can illuminate a large planar liquid crystal display element, and moreover, the light from the light source is scattered and reflected while passing through the cylindrical member of the light guide plate. Since the light is condensed and emitted in a predetermined direction according to the pattern, high brightness can be obtained in the predetermined direction without increasing the power consumption of the light source, and it is possible to put an energy-saving type large liquid crystal display device to practical use. Is.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図１
乃至図４を参照して説明する。液晶表示装置１０の、電
極（図示せず）を有し、対向される透明基板間に液晶組
成物（図示せず）が封入されてなる液晶表示素子１１の
背面には、反射鏡１２により集光される棒状の光源であ
る冷陰極管１３からの光を、導光板１４にて、液晶表示
素子１１側に照射する照明装置１６が設けられている。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. The liquid crystal display device 11 has electrodes (not shown), and a liquid crystal composition (not shown) is sealed between opposing transparent substrates. An illumination device 16 is provided which irradiates the liquid crystal display element 11 side with light from the cold cathode tube 13 which is a rod-shaped light source to be illuminated.
【０００９】ここで導光板１４は、円柱状部材であり屈
折率１．５のアクリル樹脂からなる複数の円柱１４ａの
集合体１４ｂを有し、集合体１４ｂはアクリル樹脂を一
体的に射出成型して形成している。各円柱１４ａの外周
には、透明樹脂中に酸化チタン（ＴｉＯ2 ）を分散して
なる白色インクを、冷陰極管１３から遠ざかるにつれ幅
広となる三角形状に数μｍ〜数十μｍの厚さに塗布して
なる光散乱反射パターン１７が形成されている。更に導
光板１４の集合体１４ｂ背面及び一側端面には、集合体
１４ｂから洩れた光を出射方向に反射させる反射手段で
ある反射シート１８が設けられている。Here, the light guide plate 14 is a columnar member and has an assembly 14b of a plurality of cylinders 14a made of acrylic resin having a refractive index of 1.5. The assembly 14b is integrally injection-molded with acrylic resin. Are formed. On the outer periphery of each cylinder 14a, a white ink in which titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) is dispersed in a transparent resin is formed in a triangular shape that becomes wider as it gets away from the cold cathode tube 13 and has a thickness of several μm to several tens of μm. A light scattering reflection pattern 17 formed by coating is formed. Further, on the rear surface and one end surface of the assembly 14b of the light guide plate 14, there is provided a reflection sheet 18 which is a reflection means for reflecting the light leaked from the assembly 14b in the emission direction.
【００１０】次に図５乃至図７を参照して、点光源１に
て線状の光散乱反射パターン２が形成される円柱３を照
射してなる照明装置４による照射原理について述べる。
反射鏡６に集光され円柱３に入射した点光源１からの光
は、円柱３の屈折率が空気の屈折率より大きい事から、
光ファイバの光伝達の原理と同様に、図５に示す様に、
界面で全反射を繰り返しながら点光源１から遠ざかる方
向に伝達される。このとき、光散乱反射パターン２に入
射した光は、図６に示す様に円柱３の直径方向に向かっ
て等方散乱される。Next, with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7, the irradiation principle of the illuminating device 4 which irradiates the column 3 on which the linear light scattering reflection pattern 2 is formed with the point light source 1 will be described.
The light from the point light source 1 that is focused on the reflecting mirror 6 and is incident on the cylinder 3 has the refractive index of the cylinder 3 higher than that of air.
Similar to the principle of optical transmission of an optical fiber, as shown in FIG.
The light is transmitted in a direction away from the point light source 1 while repeating total reflection at the interface. At this time, the light incident on the light scattering reflection pattern 2 is isotropically scattered in the diameter direction of the cylinder 3 as shown in FIG.
【００１１】そして等方散乱された光７は、円柱３の界
面で全反射／屈折の作用を受け、図７に示す様に円柱３
外部に出射される。このとき円柱３の界面が円筒面であ
ることから、屈折作用はレンズ作用として働き、円柱３
から出射された光８は、円柱３の直径方向に集束され
る。The isotropically scattered light 7 is subjected to total reflection / refraction at the interface of the cylinder 3 and, as shown in FIG.
It is emitted to the outside. At this time, since the interface of the cylinder 3 is a cylindrical surface, the refraction acts as a lens action, and the cylinder 3
The light 8 emitted from is focused in the diameter direction of the cylinder 3.
【００１２】尚、屈折率の異なる球面での屈折は（１）
式にて表される。Refraction on a spherical surface having a different refractive index is (1)
It is represented by a formula.
【００１３】 ｎ（１／ｒ−１／ｓ）＝ｎ´（１／ｒ−１／ｓ´） …（１） （但しｎ：入射側媒質の屈折率、ｒ：極率半径、ｓ：入
射光線と光軸との交点、ｎ´：出射側媒質の屈折率、ｓ
´：出射光線と光軸との交点） 本実施の形態においては平行光の出射であるから、ｓ´
＝無限遠、空気中であることからｎ´＝１、円柱上に光
散乱反射パターンがあり焦点距離ｓ＝２ｒと考えて良い
ので、（１）式より ２ｒ＝ｎｒ／（ｎ−１） …（２） となり、（２）式より、ｎ＝２の場合であれば出射光線
は平行光線となる。N (1 / r−1 / s) = n ′ (1 / r−1 / s ′) (1) (where n is the refractive index of the medium on the incident side, r is the radius of the polarizability, and s is the incident angle. The intersection of the ray and the optical axis, n ′: the refractive index of the exit side medium, s
′: Intersection point of outgoing light ray and optical axis) In the present embodiment, since parallel light is emitted, s ′
= Infinity, since it is in the air, n ′ = 1, and there is a light scattering reflection pattern on the cylinder, and it can be considered that the focal length is s = 2r. Therefore, from the equation (1), 2r = nr / (n−1). (2) is obtained, and from the equation (2), when n = 2, the emitted light beam is a parallel light beam.
【００１４】但し（２）式は近軸光線についてのみ成立
することであり、本原理の様に円柱３の断面のほとんど
半分を光が通過するような場合には、厳密には成立せ
ず、出射光は拡がりを持った光線群となり、実際には、
図７に示す様に光軸に対して約３１°の角度で円柱３面
に入射した光の拡がり角が最大と成り、直径方向の光軸
８ａに対して１１．４°となる。However, the equation (2) is established only for paraxial rays, and is not strictly established when light passes through almost half of the cross section of the cylinder 3 as in the present principle. The emitted light becomes a group of rays with a spread, and in reality,
As shown in FIG. 7, the divergence angle of the light incident on the cylindrical surface 3 at an angle of about 31 ° with respect to the optical axis is maximum, which is 11.4 ° with respect to the optical axis 8a in the diameter direction.
【００１５】尚この円柱３面に入射する光の拡がり角
は、円柱の屈折率及び光の円柱面への入射角度により異
なり、屈折率１．６３の円柱の場合、入射角度２５°の
光の拡がり角は光軸８ａに対して約６．５°と最小にな
り、更に円柱の屈折率が大きくなると、入射角度２５°
以上の光が、６．５°以上の拡がり角を有する様にな
る。The divergence angle of the light incident on the three surfaces of the cylinder depends on the refractive index of the cylinder and the angle of incidence of the light on the cylinder surface. In the case of a cylinder having a refractive index of 1.63, the light having an incident angle of 25 ° is used. The divergence angle is a minimum of about 6.5 ° with respect to the optical axis 8a, and when the refractive index of the cylinder is further increased, the incident angle is 25 °.
The above light has a divergence angle of 6.5 ° or more.
【００１６】そして上記の原理に基ずき、冷陰極管１３
からなる棒状の光源及び三角形状の光散乱反射パターン
１７を有する実施の形態の導光板１４の円柱１４ａにあ
っては、実際には上記計算上より多少大きな拡がり角を
有するものの、その出射光線は、拡散されること無く円
柱１４ａの直径方向に集光され、液晶表示素子１１を、
円柱１４ａの直径方向にて集光照射する事となる。尚、
光散乱反射パターン１７は、１０〜２０％程度の光透過
率を有しており、冷陰極管１３からの照射光が多少透過
されてしまうが、この透過光は、反射板１８により再度
集合体１４ｂ方向に反射され、液晶表示素子１１の照射
に寄与する事となる。Based on the above principle, the cold cathode fluorescent lamp 13
In the cylinder 14a of the light guide plate 14 according to the embodiment having the rod-shaped light source and the triangular light-scattering / reflecting pattern 17 having a divergence angle slightly larger than the above calculation, the emitted light beam is The liquid crystal display element 11 is condensed without being diffused in the diameter direction of the cylinder 14a,
The light is focused and emitted in the diameter direction of the cylinder 14a. still,
The light-scattering / reflecting pattern 17 has a light transmittance of about 10 to 20%, and some of the irradiation light from the cold cathode tubes 13 is transmitted, but this transmitted light is collected again by the reflection plate 18. The light is reflected in the direction 14b and contributes to the irradiation of the liquid crystal display element 11.
【００１７】これにより液晶表示装置１０は液晶表示素
子１１の法線方向にて高輝度の表示画像を得られる事と
なる。As a result, the liquid crystal display device 10 can obtain a high-luminance display image in the direction normal to the liquid crystal display element 11.
【００１８】このように構成すれば、出射光線をそれぞ
れに直径方向に集光する複数の円柱１４ａの集合体１４
ｂからなる導光板１４にて液晶表示素子１１を集光照射
出来る事から、大型の面状の液晶表示素子１１への照射
光であっても従来の様に散乱される事無く、観測者のい
る必要方向に集光して照射出来、その集光方向にあって
は高い表示輝度を得られ、実質的に冷陰極管１３の消費
電力を従来に比し低減出来、液晶表示装置の省エネルギ
ー化を図れる。According to this structure, an assembly 14 of a plurality of cylinders 14a for converging the outgoing light rays in the diameter direction respectively.
Since the liquid crystal display element 11 can be condensed and illuminated by the light guide plate 14 made of b, even if the irradiation light to the large planar liquid crystal display element 11 is not scattered as in the conventional case, The light can be condensed and emitted in the necessary direction, and high display brightness can be obtained in that direction, and the power consumption of the cold cathode tube 13 can be substantially reduced as compared with the conventional one, and energy saving of the liquid crystal display device can be achieved. Can be achieved.
【００１９】しかも、円柱１４ａからの出射光線は多少
の拡がりを有することから、各円柱１４ａ間にて非照射
領域を生じることが無く、照射ムラを防止でき、液晶表
示素子全面に亘り均一の表示品位を得られる。Moreover, since the light rays emitted from the cylinders 14a have some spread, no non-irradiation area is formed between the cylinders 14a, uneven irradiation can be prevented, and a uniform display is achieved over the entire liquid crystal display element. You can get dignity.
【００２０】次に本発明の第２の実施の形態を図８を参
照して説明する。尚この第２の実施の形態は、第１の実
施の形態における光散乱反射パターンの位置が異なるも
のの、他は第１の実施の形態と同一である事から、同一
部分については同一符号を付しその説明を省略する。Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this second embodiment, although the position of the light scattering reflection pattern in the first embodiment is different, the other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment. Therefore, the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals. However, the description is omitted.
【００２１】本実施の形態において、光散乱反射パター
ン２２は、円柱１４ａを集合して成る導光板１４の法線
と平行で、各円柱１４ａの中心を通る線２３ａと、各円
柱１４ａの外周と交わる点２３ｂからΔｒずれた位置に
形成されるものである。これにより各円柱１４ａからの
出射光線は、導光板１４の法線２３ａに対してα°傾斜
した集光々線２６となり、液晶表示素子１１をこの法線
２３ａからα°傾斜した方向に照射する事となる。In the present embodiment, the light-scattering / reflecting pattern 22 is parallel to the normal line of the light guide plate 14 formed by assembling the cylinders 14a, passes through the center of each cylinder 14a, and the outer circumference of each cylinder 14a. It is formed at a position shifted by Δr from the intersecting point 23b. As a result, the light rays emitted from each of the cylinders 14a become converging rays 26 inclined by α ° with respect to the normal line 23a of the light guide plate 14, and irradiate the liquid crystal display element 11 in a direction inclined by α ° from this normal line 23a. It will be a thing.
【００２２】この様に構成すれば、液晶表示装置１０の
観測角度を法線方向からずらす事が出来、光散乱反射パ
ターン２２の形成位地を選択する事により、必ずしも法
線方向から観ない液晶表示装置において、必要とする任
意の観測角度をにて高輝度の良好な表示を容易に得る事
が出来る。更に、法線２３ａからの傾斜角度α°を液晶
表示素子１１の最大コントラストの方向と一致させ、最
大コントラストの方向にて最大輝度を得るようにすれ
ば、より高輝度の表示を得られ、光源の消費電力をより
低減出来、省エネルギ化がより促進される。According to this structure, the observation angle of the liquid crystal display device 10 can be shifted from the normal direction, and by selecting the formation position of the light scattering reflection pattern 22, the liquid crystal which is not necessarily viewed from the normal direction. In the display device, it is possible to easily obtain a good display with high brightness at any desired observation angle. Further, if the inclination angle α ° from the normal line 23a is made to coincide with the direction of maximum contrast of the liquid crystal display element 11 and maximum brightness is obtained in the direction of maximum contrast, a display with higher brightness can be obtained, Power consumption can be further reduced, and energy saving can be further promoted.
【００２３】次に本発明の第３の実施の形態を図９を参
照して説明する。尚この第３の実施の形態は、第１の実
施の形態の液晶表示素子１１の前面にレンチキュラレン
ズ２７を設けるものであり、他は第１の実施の形態と同
一である事から、同一部分については同一符号を付しそ
の説明を省略する。Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The third embodiment is provided with the lenticular lens 27 on the front surface of the liquid crystal display element 11 of the first embodiment, and the other parts are the same as those of the first embodiment. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
【００２４】本実施の形態は、液晶表示素子が一般に斜
めに透過する光に対してコントラストが低下したり、色
が反転したりして画像品位を低下する傾向を有する事か
ら、円柱１４ａの集合体を有する導光板１４にて冷陰極
管１３からの光を液晶表示素子１１に垂直に出射する事
により、コントラストの低下や色の反転を生じること無
く、先ず画像表示を行った後、液晶表示素子１１透過後
にレンチキュラレンズ２７にて光２９を拡散し、表示画
像の視野角の拡大を図るものである。In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal display element generally has a tendency of lowering the image quality due to a decrease in contrast with respect to obliquely transmitted light or a color inversion. The light from the cold cathode tube 13 is vertically emitted to the liquid crystal display element 11 by the light guide plate 14 having a body, so that the image is first displayed without causing the deterioration of the contrast and the inversion of the color, and then the liquid crystal display is displayed. The light 29 is diffused by the lenticular lens 27 after passing through the element 11 to enlarge the viewing angle of the display image.
【００２５】この様に構成すれば、液晶表示素子１１の
垂直方向には高輝度を得られるものの、視野角が著しく
限定される第１の実施の形態に比し、高輝度を損なう事
無く、しかも液晶表示装置１０の視野角を拡大出来る。With this structure, although high brightness can be obtained in the vertical direction of the liquid crystal display element 11, the high brightness is not impaired as compared with the first embodiment in which the viewing angle is significantly limited. Moreover, the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device 10 can be expanded.
【００２６】次に本発明の第４の実施の形態を図１０を
参照して説明する。尚この第４の実施の形態は、第１の
実施の形態の導光板１４ｂの出射面上に多数のプリズム
２８ａが配列されるプリズムシート２８を設け、照明装
置３０とするものであり、他は第１の実施の形態と同一
である事から、同一部分については同一符号を付しその
説明を省略する。Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, in the fourth embodiment, a prism sheet 28 in which a large number of prisms 28a are arranged is provided on the emission surface of the light guide plate 14b of the first embodiment to form a lighting device 30, and the others are provided. Since it is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
【００２７】本実施の形態は、円柱１４ａからの出射光
線は円柱１４ａの直径方向には集光されるものの、円柱
１４ａの軸方向には集光されず、軸方向に拡がりを持っ
てしまう事から、プリズム２８ａの稜線方向が円柱１４
ａの軸方向と直交するようにプリズムシート２８を配置
して、集合体１４ｂからの出射光線を、円柱１４ａの軸
方向においても集光するものである。In the present embodiment, the light beam emitted from the cylinder 14a is condensed in the diameter direction of the cylinder 14a, but is not condensed in the axial direction of the cylinder 14a and has a spread in the axial direction. Therefore, the ridgeline direction of the prism 28a is the cylinder 14
The prism sheet 28 is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the axial direction of a, and the light rays emitted from the aggregate 14b are condensed also in the axial direction of the cylinder 14a.
【００２８】この様に構成すれば、導光板１４からの出
射光線が、その法線方向により効果的に集光され、より
高輝度の表示画素兎を得られ、光源の消費電力をより低
減出来、省エネルギ化が促進される。According to this structure, the light rays emitted from the light guide plate 14 are effectively condensed in the direction of the normal line thereof, the display pixel rabbit with higher brightness can be obtained, and the power consumption of the light source can be further reduced. , Energy saving is promoted.
【００２９】尚本発明は上記実施の形態に限られるもの
でなく、その趣旨を変えない範囲での変更は可能であっ
て、例えば図１１に示す他の変形例の様に、円柱３１に
形成する光散乱反射パターン３２を微少なドット状とし
ても良く、この場合、光源３３からの距離が遠ざかるに
従いドットの面積を増大したりあるいは、ドットの密度
を増大する事により円柱３１からの出射光線の強度の均
一化を図る事となる。又ドットを一直線上に形成するの
ではなく、所定の範囲内にてジグザク状等に配列すれ
ば、出射光線の幅を多少拡大することも可能となる。更
に光源も棒状の光源でなく、各円柱端部にＬＥＤ（Ｌｉ
ｇｈｔ Ｅｍｉｔｔｅｄｅ Ｄｉｏｄｅ）や電球等の球
状の光源を設けても良いし、円柱の両端部に光源を設け
る等しても良い。The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be changed within the scope of the invention, and is formed in the cylinder 31 as in another modification shown in FIG. 11, for example. The light-scattering / reflecting pattern 32 may be in the form of minute dots. In this case, the area of the dots is increased as the distance from the light source 33 is increased, or the density of the dots is increased so that the light beam emitted from the column 31 is emitted. The strength will be made uniform. Further, if the dots are not formed in a straight line but are arranged in a zigzag pattern within a predetermined range, the width of the emitted light beam can be increased to some extent. Furthermore, the light source is not a rod-shaped light source, but LED (Li
A spherical light source such as a light emitting diode or a light bulb may be provided, or light sources may be provided at both ends of a cylinder.
【００３０】又導光板を形成する円柱の材質も任意であ
り、通常用いられる光学ガラスあるいは光学プラスチッ
クにあっては、屈折率が１．５に近いものが多く、
（２）式から、円柱からの出射光線は、平行光線より多
少拡がりを有することとなるが、円柱からの出射光線を
より平行光に近付けるには、円柱を屈折率が１．８の重
フリントガラス等にて形成すれば良いし、出射光線をよ
り拡散した光線とするには、円柱を屈折率が１．４５の
石英ガラスやメタクリル樹脂であるポリメタクリル酸メ
チル（ＰＭＭＡ）等のプラスチック材料にて形成しても
良い。更にその形成方法も限定されず、複数の円柱を接
着して集合体としても良い。The material of the column forming the light guide plate is also arbitrary, and in most of the commonly used optical glass or optical plastic, the refractive index is close to 1.5,
From the equation (2), the light ray emitted from the cylinder has a divergence to some extent than the parallel light ray, but in order to make the light ray emitted from the cylinder closer to the parallel light, the heavy flint with a refractive index of 1.8 should be used for the cylinder. It may be formed of glass or the like, and in order to make the emitted light more diffused, the cylinder is made of quartz glass having a refractive index of 1.45 or a plastic material such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) which is a methacrylic resin. You may form. Further, the forming method is not limited, and a plurality of cylinders may be adhered to form an aggregate.
【００３１】又光散乱反射パターンも白色インクに限定
されず、遮光性を有する凹凸パターンであっても良い
し、反射手段も平板状でなく、波型に形成する等して、
光り透過率の低い光散乱反射パターン領域を避けて導光
板側に反射する等しても良い。The light-scattering / reflecting pattern is not limited to the white ink, and may be a concavo-convex pattern having a light-shielding property, or the reflecting means may be formed in a corrugated shape instead of a flat plate shape.
The light may be reflected to the light guide plate side while avoiding the light scattering reflection pattern area having a low light transmittance.
【００３２】[0032]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、出
射光線を直径方向の任意の位置方向にに集光可能な円柱
の集合体を有する導光板により、面状の大型液晶表示素
子に集束光を照射出来、従来の様に液晶表示素子の透過
光が散乱される事無く、観測者のいる必要方向に集光し
て画像表示出来、その集光方向にあっては高輝度の良好
な表示品位を得られる事から、実質的に光源の消費電力
を従来に比し低減出来、液晶表示装置の省エネルギー化
を実現出来る。As described above, according to the present invention, a large planar liquid crystal display device can be obtained by using a light guide plate having an aggregate of cylinders capable of condensing outgoing light rays in arbitrary diametrical position directions. Focused light can be emitted, and the transmitted light of the liquid crystal display element is not scattered unlike in the past, and the image can be displayed by converging in the necessary direction of the observer, and high brightness is good in that converging direction. Since the display quality can be obtained, the power consumption of the light source can be substantially reduced as compared with the conventional one, and the energy saving of the liquid crystal display device can be realized.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態の液晶表示装置の構
成を示す概略斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の第１の実施の形態の液晶表示装置の概
略構成図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の第１の実施の形態の液晶表示装置の図
１のＡ−Ａ´線における概略断面図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 1 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の第１の実施の形態の光散乱反射パター
ンを示す平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a light scattering reflection pattern according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の原理の円柱に入射した光の円柱内部で
の伝達を示し（イ）はその円柱の軸方向における伝達
（ロ）はその円柱の直径方向における伝達を示す説明図
である。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the transmission of light incident on a cylinder according to the principle of the present invention inside the cylinder; (a) is transmission in the axial direction of the cylinder; and (b) is an explanatory diagram showing transmission in the diametrical direction of the cylinder. .
【図６】本発明の原理の光散乱反射パターンによる円柱
の直径方向への散乱光を示す概略説明図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory view showing scattered light in a diameter direction of a cylinder by a light scattering reflection pattern according to the principle of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の原理の円柱の直径方向における出射光
線を示す概略説明図である。FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing outgoing rays in a diameter direction of a cylinder according to the principle of the present invention.
【図８】本発明の第２の実施の形態の導光板の概略断面
図である。。FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a light guide plate according to a second embodiment of the present invention. .
【図９】本発明の第３の実施の形態の液晶表示装置の概
略断面図である。FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図１０】本発明の第４の実施の形態の照明装置を示す
概略斜視図である。FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing an illumination device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図１１】本発明の他の変形例の光散乱反射パターンを
示す平面図である。FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a light scattering reflection pattern of another modification of the present invention.
１０…液晶表示装置 １１…液晶表示素子 １３…冷陰極管 １４…導光板 １４ａ…円柱 １４ｂ…集合体 １６…照明装置 １７…光散乱反射パターン １８…反射シート DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Liquid crystal display device 11 ... Liquid crystal display element 13 ... Cold cathode tube 14 ... Light guide plate 14a ... Cylinder 14b ... Assembly 16 ... Illumination device 17 ... Light scattering reflection pattern 18 ... Reflection sheet
Claims (5)
隙に液晶組成物を封入してなる液晶表示素子と、この液
晶表示素子と略同等の面積を有する導光板及びこの導光
板を照射する光源からなり前記液晶表示素子背面にて透
過光を照射する照射装置とを有する液晶表示装置におい
て、 前記導光板が、透光可能な材質からなる複数の円柱状部
材の集合体及び前記円柱状部材に設けられる光散乱反射
パターンからなり、前記光源が、前記円柱状部材の開口
端部に位置する事を特徴とする液晶表示装置。1. A liquid crystal display device having electrodes and a liquid crystal composition sealed in a gap between electrode substrates facing each other, a light guide plate having an area substantially equal to that of the liquid crystal display device, and the light guide plate is irradiated. A liquid crystal display device comprising a light source and an irradiation device that irradiates transmitted light on the back surface of the liquid crystal display element, wherein the light guide plate is an assembly of a plurality of columnar members made of a translucent material, and the columnar member. A liquid crystal display device, characterized in that the light source is located at an opening end of the columnar member.
状光源である事を特徴とする請求項１に記載の液晶表示
装置。2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the light source is a rod-shaped light source that illuminates a plurality of columnar members.
れ設けられる複数の球状光源である事を特徴とする請求
項１に記載の液晶表示装置。3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the light source is a plurality of spherical light sources provided at the opening ends of the respective columnar members.
周に印刷形成される線状あるいはドット状の高反射材料
からなる事を特徴とする請求項１に記載の液晶表示装
置。4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the light-scattering / reflecting pattern is made of a linear or dot-like highly reflective material printed on the outer periphery of each cylindrical member.
隙に液晶組成物を封入してなる液晶表示素子と、この液
晶表示素子と略同等の面積を有する導光板及びこの導光
板を照射する光源からなり前記液晶表示素子背面にて透
過光を照射する照射装置とを有する液晶表示装置におい
て、 前記導光板が、透光可能な材質からなる複数の円柱状部
材の集合体及び前記円柱状部材に設けられる光散乱反射
パターン並びにこの光散乱反射パターン背面に隣接して
設けられる反射手段とからなり、前記光源が、前記円柱
状部材の開口端部に位置する事を特徴とする液晶表示装
置。5. A liquid crystal display device having electrodes, the liquid crystal composition being sealed in a gap between electrode substrates facing each other, a light guide plate having an area substantially equal to that of the liquid crystal display device, and the light guide plate is irradiated. A liquid crystal display device comprising a light source and an irradiation device that irradiates transmitted light on the back surface of the liquid crystal display element, wherein the light guide plate is an assembly of a plurality of columnar members made of a translucent material, and the columnar member. A liquid crystal display device comprising: a light-scattering / reflecting pattern provided on the light-scattering / reflecting pattern and a reflecting means provided adjacent to the back surface of the light-scattering / reflecting pattern, wherein the light source is located at an opening end of the cylindrical member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8145502A JPH09325219A (en) | 1996-06-07 | 1996-06-07 | Liquid crystal display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8145502A JPH09325219A (en) | 1996-06-07 | 1996-06-07 | Liquid crystal display device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09325219A true JPH09325219A (en) | 1997-12-16 |
Family
ID=15386749
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8145502A Pending JPH09325219A (en) | 1996-06-07 | 1996-06-07 | Liquid crystal display device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09325219A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006190622A (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2006-07-20 | Ekootekku:Kk | Lighting tool |
| JP2008010389A (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-01-17 | Lg Philips Lcd Co Ltd | Back light unit using optical fiber |
| JP2008218223A (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2008-09-18 | Takiron Co Ltd | Surface emitting apparatus |
| KR101038012B1 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2011-05-31 | 김학성 | Back light unit light guide panel |
| KR101285620B1 (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2013-07-12 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Backlight unt and liquid crystal display having the same |
| CN103375738A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2013-10-30 | 三星显示有限公司 | Backlight assembly and display apparatus having the same |
| JP2015536534A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2015-12-21 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Lighting article |
| WO2016157350A1 (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-10-06 | 堺ディスプレイプロダクト株式会社 | Display device |
-
1996
- 1996-06-07 JP JP8145502A patent/JPH09325219A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006190622A (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2006-07-20 | Ekootekku:Kk | Lighting tool |
| KR101285620B1 (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2013-07-12 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Backlight unt and liquid crystal display having the same |
| JP2008010389A (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-01-17 | Lg Philips Lcd Co Ltd | Back light unit using optical fiber |
| JP4563991B2 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2010-10-20 | エルジー ディスプレイ カンパニー リミテッド | Backlight unit using optical fiber |
| JP2008218223A (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2008-09-18 | Takiron Co Ltd | Surface emitting apparatus |
| KR101038012B1 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2011-05-31 | 김학성 | Back light unit light guide panel |
| CN103375738A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2013-10-30 | 三星显示有限公司 | Backlight assembly and display apparatus having the same |
| JP2015536534A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2015-12-21 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Lighting article |
| WO2016157350A1 (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-10-06 | 堺ディスプレイプロダクト株式会社 | Display device |
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