JPH0931510A - Device for preventing blowoff of blast furnace and method for preventing blowoff - Google Patents
Device for preventing blowoff of blast furnace and method for preventing blowoffInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0931510A JPH0931510A JP19000395A JP19000395A JPH0931510A JP H0931510 A JPH0931510 A JP H0931510A JP 19000395 A JP19000395 A JP 19000395A JP 19000395 A JP19000395 A JP 19000395A JP H0931510 A JPH0931510 A JP H0931510A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- gas pressure
- gas
- blow
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Blast Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、高炉シャフト部
に発生し炉壁部に沿って上昇する空隙に起因する吹抜け
を防止する吹抜け防止装置および吹抜け防止方法に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a blow-through prevention device and a blow-through prevention method for preventing blow-through caused by a void generated in a blast furnace shaft portion and rising along a furnace wall portion.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】高炉シャフト部で発生する吹抜け現象
は、図４に示す機構で発生すると考えられている。2. Description of the Related Art It is considered that the blow-through phenomenon that occurs in the shaft portion of a blast furnace occurs in the mechanism shown in FIG.
【０００３】 炉況が正常なときは、鉱石及びコーク
ス等の装入原料２２が層状に充填された充填層が形成さ
れ、この層状態が維持されたままで装入原料２２が炉内
を降下する。（図４（ａ））When the furnace condition is normal, a packed bed is formed in which a charging raw material 22 such as ore and coke is packed in layers, and the charging raw material 22 descends in the furnace while maintaining this layered state. . (FIG. 4 (a))
【０００４】 炉壁レンガ２１の表面に付着物が付い
たり、または炉壁レンガ２１の損傷が進むと表面に凹凸
ができ、装入原料２２の円滑な降下が阻害され、層状の
充填層が壊されて混合層となり、空隙率の高い高空隙領
域２０ａが発生する。（図４（ｂ））When the surface of the furnace wall brick 21 adheres to the surface of the furnace wall brick 21 or the damage of the furnace wall brick 21 progresses, the surface of the furnace wall brick 21 becomes uneven, which hinders the smooth fall of the charging raw material 22 and destroys the layered packing layer. As a result, a mixed layer is formed, and a high void region 20a having a high void ratio is generated. (Fig. 4 (b))
【０００５】 高空隙領域２０ａに、装入原料２２が
この上方から落下したり、この周辺から流れ込むと、空
隙率の低下した中空隙領域２０ｂが形成される。When the charging raw material 22 falls into the high void area 20a from above or flows from the periphery thereof, a medium void area 20b having a reduced porosity is formed.
【０００６】更に装入原料２２の落下や流れ込みが進行
すると、最初に高空隙領域２０ａがあった場所の上方に
高空隙領域２０ａを新しく形成し、この高空隙領域２０
ａの下方および横方向の周辺に中空隙領域２０ｂを形成
する。（図４（ｃ））When the charging raw material 22 further falls or flows in, a high void region 20a is newly formed above the place where the high void region 20a was originally present, and this high void region 20a is formed.
An intermediate void region 20b is formed below a and in the lateral periphery. (FIG. 4 (c))
【０００７】 このように、中空隙領域２０ｂを下方
および横方向の周辺に残しつつ、高空隙領域２０ａは炉
壁に沿って上昇する。（図４（ｃ））In this way, the high void region 20a rises along the furnace wall while leaving the medium void region 20b in the lower and lateral periphery. (FIG. 4 (c))
【０００８】 高空隙領域２０ａが炉口部付近に達す
ると、上昇抵抗が低下して上昇速度が増加し、炉壁に沿
って高圧、高温ガスが炉口に一気に吹き出して、いわゆ
る吹抜けを起こす。吹抜けを起こすと、炉頂圧力の瞬間
的な上昇、炉頂温度および炉壁温度の上昇が起こる（図
４（ｄ）、（ｅ））。When the high void area 20a reaches the vicinity of the furnace opening, the rising resistance decreases and the rising speed increases, and high-pressure, high-temperature gas blows out along the furnace wall all at once to the so-called blow-through. When blow-through occurs, the furnace top pressure instantaneously rises, and the furnace top temperature and the furnace wall temperature rise (FIGS. 4 (d) and 4 (e)).
【０００９】高炉シャフト部で発生する吹抜けは、その
まま放置すると炉壁部に形成された混合層に沿って、上
記現象が頻発する様になり炉冷の原因となる。そのた
め、吹抜けが発生するとこれを抑えるため、送風量を減
ずる、いわゆる減風操作を行う。The blow-through generated in the shaft portion of the blast furnace, if left as it is, causes the above-mentioned phenomenon frequently along the mixed layer formed on the wall portion of the furnace and causes the cooling of the furnace. Therefore, in order to suppress the occurrence of blow-by, a so-called air reduction operation is performed to reduce the amount of blown air.
【００１０】しかし、減風操作は減産を伴う。これを回
避する手段として、特開平７−１３８６２２号公報に
は、吹抜けを防止する技術が報告されている。However, the wind reduction operation is accompanied by production reduction. As a means for avoiding this, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-138622 discloses a technique for preventing blow-through.
【００１１】この吹抜け防止技術は、吹抜けの事前現象
として、その発生前に空隙発生位置に対応するシャフト
部の円周方向のガス圧力分布の変化や送風圧力の低下等
が起きることに着目したものである。This blow-through prevention technique focuses on the fact that a change in the gas pressure distribution in the circumferential direction of the shaft portion corresponding to the position where the air gap is generated, a decrease in the blowing pressure, etc. occur as a pre-phenomenon of the blow-through. Is.
【００１２】特開平７−１３８６２２号公報には、内部
にガス圧力抜き管を設けた冷却函を高炉シャフト部の炉
壁レンガ内に複数埋設しておき、空隙検出センサーによ
り空隙を検出すると、空隙の発生位置または近傍に配設
されたガス圧力抜き管から、空隙内の高温、高圧ガスを
抜き出して空隙を消滅させ、吹抜け事故を防止する方法
が開示されている。In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-138622, a plurality of cooling boxes having a gas pressure release pipe inside are buried in a brick of a wall of a blast furnace shaft, and when a void is detected by a void detecting sensor, the void is detected. There is disclosed a method for preventing a blow-through accident by extracting high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the void from the gas pressure vent pipe arranged at or near the generation position of the gas to eliminate the void.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来技術は、高炉
巻替後、長期間経過して炉壁レンガが損耗し、ガス圧力
抜き管の先端にあるガス抜き孔が炉壁レンガ表面より露
出しないとこの技術の適用が出来ず、露出以前に発生す
る吹抜けには対応出来ない。In the above-mentioned prior art, the furnace wall brick is worn away for a long time after the blast furnace is rewound, and the gas vent hole at the tip of the gas pressure vent pipe is not exposed from the furnace wall brick surface. And this technology can not be applied, and it is not possible to cope with the void that occurs before exposure.
【００１４】また、ガス圧力抜き管が固定されているた
め、炉壁レンガ表面より一旦露出すると常時先端が炉内
に突出してしまい、装入原料の円滑な降下を阻害する。
この結果、炉壁部近傍の通気性を悪化させたり、空隙の
発生を助長させてしまう。Further, since the gas pressure release pipe is fixed, once exposed from the surface of the furnace wall brick, the tip always projects into the furnace, which hinders the smooth fall of the charged raw material.
As a result, the air permeability in the vicinity of the furnace wall is deteriorated and the generation of voids is promoted.
【００１５】炉壁レンガ表面からガス抜き管先端までの
距離は、炉壁レンガの損耗により多少変動するものの、
せいぜい数百ミリであるから、炉壁レンガ表面から離れ
た位置に発生した空隙内のガスを抜くことができず、期
待する程、吹抜けを防止出来ない。Although the distance from the surface of the furnace wall brick to the tip of the degassing pipe varies somewhat due to the wear of the furnace wall brick,
Since the thickness is at most several hundred millimeters, the gas in the void generated at the position away from the brick wall surface cannot be discharged, and the blow-through cannot be prevented as expected.
【００１６】更に、ガス圧力抜き管によって抜出された
空隙内のガスは大気放散されるため、炉頂ガスの回収率
が低下し、燃料効率が悪化する。Further, since the gas in the void extracted by the gas pressure vent pipe is diffused to the atmosphere, the recovery rate of the furnace top gas is lowered and the fuel efficiency is deteriorated.
【００１７】本発明は上記従来技術の問題点を解決する
ために提案されたもので、炉壁レンガの損耗量に制約さ
れず、炉壁から広範囲に拡がる空隙を精度良く消滅させ
ることが出来、装入原料の円滑な降下を阻害することが
なく、しかも炉頂ガスの回収率も低下させない吹抜け防
止装置及び吹抜け防止方法を提供するものである。The present invention was proposed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is not limited by the amount of wear of the bricks of the furnace wall, and it is possible to eliminate the voids extending from the furnace wall in a wide range with high accuracy. (EN) A blow-through prevention device and a blow-through prevention method that do not hinder the smooth fall of charged raw materials and do not reduce the recovery rate of furnace top gas.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、高炉操業に
おける吹抜け防止装置であって、高炉シャフト部の炉壁
に貫通して設けられた貫通孔に連設された筒状体と、筒
状体の前記貫通孔直近部分に取り付けられた貫通孔の開
閉手段と、貫通孔と筒状体の中を通って高炉炉内に挿抜
されるガス圧力抜き管と、筒状体とガス圧力抜き管との
間をシールするシール手段と、ガス圧力抜き管に直接ま
たは配管系を介して連結されたバルブを有してなること
を特徴とする吹抜け防止装置である。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a blow-through prevention device in a blast furnace operation, which comprises a tubular body connected to a through hole provided through a furnace wall of a blast furnace shaft portion, and a tubular body. A means for opening and closing a through hole attached to a portion of the body immediately adjacent to the through hole, a gas pressure vent pipe inserted into and removed from the blast furnace through the through hole and the tubular body, and the tubular body and the gas pressure vent pipe. The blow-through prevention device is characterized by comprising a sealing means for sealing between the gas pressure release pipe and a valve, which is directly or via a piping system connected to the gas pressure release pipe.
【００１９】また、ガス圧力抜き管と高炉下降管とを接
続した吹抜け防止装置、およびガス圧力抜き管の先端部
に空隙検知手段を設けた吹抜け防止装置である。Further, there are a blow-through prevention device in which a gas pressure relief pipe is connected to a blast furnace downcomer pipe, and a blow-through prevention device in which a gap detecting means is provided at the tip of the gas pressure relief pipe.
【００２０】そして、このような吹抜け防止装置を使用
して、シャフト部の炉壁に設けた空隙検知手段により空
隙を検出し、空隙の発生位置またはこの近傍の貫通孔の
開閉弁を開放し、ガス圧力抜き管を炉内に挿入した後、
炉内ガスを抜き出す吹抜け防止方法である。Then, using such a blow-through prevention device, the gap is detected by the gap detecting means provided in the furnace wall of the shaft portion, and the opening / closing valve of the through hole at the position where the gap is generated or near this is opened, After inserting the gas pressure relief tube into the furnace,
This is a blow-through prevention method for extracting the gas in the furnace.
【００２１】更に、ガス圧力抜き管の先端部に空隙検知
手段を設けた吹抜け防止装置を使用して、空隙が検知さ
れた位置でガス圧力抜き管を停止し、炉内ガスを抜き出
すことを特徴とする吹抜け防止方法である。Further, by using a blow-through prevention device having a gap detection means at the tip of the gas pressure relief pipe, the gas pressure relief pipe is stopped at the position where the void is detected, and the gas in the furnace is extracted. It is a blow-through prevention method.
【００２２】本発明は、高炉シャフト部の炉壁に貫通し
て複数の貫通孔を設け、この貫通孔に連設して鉄皮の外
側に筒状体を設け、筒状体の貫通孔直近部分に貫通孔を
開閉するための開閉手段を取り付ける。このため、この
開閉手段を閉塞すれば、貫通孔は閉塞されて炉内と炉外
とを遮断出来るから、高炉操業中、炉内より炉内ガスが
漏れることがない。According to the present invention, a plurality of through holes are provided so as to penetrate through the furnace wall of the blast furnace shaft portion, and a cylindrical body is provided outside the iron shell in a continuous manner with the through holes. An opening / closing means for opening / closing the through hole is attached to the portion. Therefore, if the opening / closing means is closed, the through hole can be closed and the inside and outside of the furnace can be cut off, so that the gas in the furnace does not leak from the inside of the furnace during the operation of the blast furnace.
【００２３】炉内ガスを抜き出す時は、開閉手段を開放
させて貫通孔を開放し、ガス圧力抜き管を貫通孔と筒状
体の中を通して、空隙の発生位置またはこの近傍に挿入
した後、ガス圧力抜き管に直接または配管系を介して連
結されたバルブを開放し、ガス圧力抜き管より炉内ガス
を抜き出す。これにより、空隙部の圧力低下が引き起こ
される結果、空隙部への周辺原料の流れ込みが生じて、
空隙は消滅し吹抜けが防止される。When the gas in the furnace is taken out, the opening / closing means is opened to open the through hole, and the gas pressure vent pipe is inserted through the through hole and the cylindrical body at the position where the void is generated or in the vicinity thereof, and then, The valve connected directly to the gas pressure relief pipe or via a piping system is opened to withdraw the gas in the furnace from the gas pressure relief pipe. This causes a pressure drop in the void, resulting in the flow of surrounding raw material into the void,
The void disappears and blow through is prevented.
【００２４】この際に、筒状体の内壁には、ガス圧力抜
き管の外周を取り囲んでシール手段が配置され、筒状体
とガス圧力抜き管との隙間をシールする（閉塞する）の
で、炉内ガス抜出し中でも炉内ガスは炉外に漏出しな
い。At this time, the sealing means is arranged on the inner wall of the tubular body so as to surround the outer circumference of the gas pressure vent pipe, and seals (closes) the gap between the tubular body and the gas pressure vent pipe. Even when the gas inside the furnace is extracted, the gas inside the furnace does not leak outside the furnace.
【００２５】炉内ガスを抜出し後、ガス圧力抜き管を炉
外に抜き出すと、ガス圧力抜き管が炉壁より炉内に突出
することがないから、装入原料の円滑な降下を阻害する
ことがなく、空隙の発生を助長しない。また、貫通孔の
直近部分に設けた開閉弁を閉塞すると、炉内からの筒状
体への炉内ガスおよび炉内ダストの侵入を防止でき、シ
ール手段の劣化を防止できるとともに、シール手段の気
密性が保持される。When the gas pressure vent pipe is vented to the outside of the furnace after the gas in the furnace is vented, the gas pressure vent pipe does not project from the furnace wall into the furnace, which hinders the smooth fall of the charged raw material. It does not promote the generation of voids. Further, by closing the on-off valve provided in the vicinity of the through-hole, it is possible to prevent the in-furnace gas and the in-dust dust from entering the tubular body from the inside of the furnace, prevent the deterioration of the sealing means, and prevent Airtightness is maintained.
【００２６】一方、発明者の調査によれば、高炉操業上
吹き抜けが問題となる空隙の大きさ、言い換えると、前
述した高空隙領域は少なくとも５００ｍｍ以上あって、
しかもこの高空隙領域の下方および横方向に中空隙領域
がこの数倍の範囲に取り囲んで拡がっており、これが炉
壁に沿って上昇する。また、高空隙領域と中空隙領域を
合計した領域の圧力は、この高空隙領域の存在する高さ
の円周方向の平均の炉内圧よりも、０．１〜０．３ｋｇ
／ｃｍ2 程度高いことを見出した。On the other hand, according to the research conducted by the inventor, the size of the void in which blow-through is a problem in the operation of the blast furnace, in other words, the above-mentioned high void area is at least 500 mm,
Moreover, in the lateral and lateral directions of the high void region, the medium void region surrounds and expands in the range of several times, which rises along the furnace wall. Further, the pressure in the total area of the high void area and the medium void area is 0.1 to 0.3 kg more than the average furnace pressure in the circumferential direction of the height where the high void area exists.
It was found that the value was higher than the value of / cm 2 .
【００２７】従って、シャフト部の炉壁に複数の空隙検
知手段として、例えば、圧力センサーを設け、これをシ
ャフト部の炉壁全体（円周方向かつ高さ方向）に配置す
ることにより、円周方向および高さ方向の圧力変動が検
知され、空隙の発生、発生位置並びに空隙の上昇挙動が
把握される。Therefore, for example, a pressure sensor is provided on the furnace wall of the shaft portion as a plurality of air gap detecting means, and the pressure sensors are arranged on the entire furnace wall of the shaft portion (circumferential direction and height direction). The pressure fluctuations in the horizontal and vertical directions are detected, and the generation of voids, the generation position, and the rising behavior of the voids are understood.
【００２８】本発明では、このような方法により検出さ
れる空隙の発生位置またはこの近傍に配置されるガス圧
力抜き管を、貫通孔を開放した後、炉内に挿入し、ガス
抜き孔より炉内ガスが抜き出されると、上記領域の圧力
は減少する。この圧力の減少に伴い中空隙領域から高空
隙領域へ、周辺から中空隙領域へ原料装入物は流れ込ん
で、空隙が消滅し吹抜けは防止される。According to the present invention, the gas pressure vent pipe arranged at or near the position where the void is detected by such a method is inserted into the furnace after the through hole is opened, and the furnace is introduced through the gas vent hole. When the internal gas is extracted, the pressure in the above area decreases. With this decrease in pressure, the raw material charge flows from the medium void region to the high void region and from the periphery to the medium void region, the void disappears and blow-through is prevented.
【００２９】また、このように構成される吹抜け防止装
置のガス圧力抜き管に直接または配管系を介して連結さ
れたバルブと、高炉下降管とを配管系等を介して接続し
た吹抜け防止装置とする。Further, a valve connected to the gas pressure vent pipe of the blow-through prevention device thus constructed directly or via a piping system, and a blow-through prevention device connected to the blast furnace downcomer pipe via a piping system or the like. To do.
【００３０】これにより、バルブの開放によりガス圧力
抜き管が大気に開放される場合（炉内ガスは大気放散さ
れる場合）に比べ、圧力差が小さくなって炉内ガスは高
炉下降管側に緩やかに抜き出される。この結果、この抜
き出しによる原料装入物の空隙内への流れ込み速度は緩
和されて、充填層を広範囲に乱すことがない。同時に高
炉下降管に接続することにより、炉頂ガスとして合流し
て回収されるからガス回収率も低下しない。As a result, as compared with the case where the gas pressure vent pipe is opened to the atmosphere by opening the valve (when the gas in the furnace is diffused into the atmosphere), the pressure difference becomes smaller and the gas in the furnace is moved toward the blast furnace downcomer side. It is gently extracted. As a result, the flow rate of the raw material charge into the void due to this withdrawal is moderated, and the packed bed is not disturbed in a wide range. At the same time, by connecting to the blast furnace downcomer, the gas is merged and recovered as the furnace top gas, so that the gas recovery rate does not decrease.
【００３１】更に、ガス圧力抜き管の先端部に空隙検知
手段、例えば、圧力センサーを設けた吹抜け防止装置と
することにより、炉内方向の圧力変動を検知でき、炉内
方向への空隙の広がり（空隙の大きさは中空隙領域まで
と考える）を検出できる。Further, by using a void detection device at the tip of the gas pressure vent pipe, for example, a blow-through prevention device provided with a pressure sensor, it is possible to detect pressure fluctuations in the in-furnace direction and to expand the voids in the in-furnace direction. (The size of the void is considered to be up to the medium void region).
【００３２】そして、最も圧力の高い挿入位置（この位
置が空隙のほぼ中心と考えられる）でガス圧力抜き管を
停止し、この位置で炉内ガスを抜くことにより、効率良
く、かつ精度高く空隙を消滅できる。The gas pressure vent pipe is stopped at the insertion position with the highest pressure (this position is considered to be approximately the center of the void), and the gas in the furnace is vented at this position, so that the void can be efficiently and accurately produced. Can disappear.
【００３３】ガス圧力抜き管の先端部の圧力センサーの
圧力が炉内圧になる、言い換えると、この高さ位置にお
ける円周方向の圧力のほぼ平均値になった時点を空隙の
消滅と判断してガス抜きを停止すれば、過剰なガス抜き
が防止され、効率良く高い精度で空隙を消滅できる。It is judged that the void disappears when the pressure of the pressure sensor at the tip of the gas pressure vent pipe becomes the furnace pressure, in other words, when the pressure in the circumferential direction becomes approximately the average value at this height position. If the degassing is stopped, excessive degassing can be prevented, and the voids can be efficiently and highly accurately eliminated.
【００３４】[0034]
【発明の実施の形態】図１は、高炉シャフト部に取り付
けられた本発明に係る吹抜け防止装置の一実施例を示
す。図２は、本発明に係るガス圧力抜き管を炉内に挿入
し、空隙内のガスを抜き出し空隙を消滅させている状況
を示す。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a blow-through prevention device according to the present invention attached to a shaft portion of a blast furnace. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the gas pressure vent pipe according to the present invention is inserted into a furnace to extract the gas in the void and to eliminate the void.
【００３５】ここで、１は鉄皮、２は炉壁レンガ、３は
クーリングスティーブ、４は貫通孔、５は筒状円筒、６
はガス圧力抜き管、７はガス抜き孔、８はシール弁、９
は駆動支持ロール、１０は開閉弁、１１はガス圧力抜き
弁、１２は冷却函、２０は空隙、２２は装入原料であ
る。Here, 1 is an iron skin, 2 is a furnace wall brick, 3 is a cooling steve, 4 is a through hole, 5 is a cylindrical cylinder, 6
Is a gas pressure release pipe, 7 is a gas release hole, 8 is a seal valve, 9
Is a drive support roll, 10 is an opening / closing valve, 11 is a gas pressure release valve, 12 is a cooling box, 20 is a gap, and 22 is a charging raw material.
【００３６】炉壁レンガ２は鉄皮１の内側にライニング
された耐火煉瓦、冷却函１２は、炉壁レンガ２を冷却す
るために鉄皮１の外側から炉壁レンガ２の中に埋設され
ている。図１で示す炉壁レンガ２は高炉巻替後、長時間
経過して、かなり損耗した状態を表している。The furnace wall brick 2 is a refractory brick lined inside the iron shell 1, and the cooling box 12 is buried in the furnace wall brick 2 from the outside of the iron shell 1 to cool the furnace wall brick 2. There is. The furnace wall brick 2 shown in FIG. 1 is in a state of being considerably worn after a long time has passed after the blast furnace is rewound.
【００３７】クーリングスティーブ３は炉壁レンガ２の
代替として設けられ、貫通孔４はクーリングスティーブ
３を貫通して設けられている。筒状円筒５は貫通孔４に
連設して鉄皮に溶接される。駆動支持ロール９を駆動す
るとガス圧力抜き管６は支持されて、筒状円筒５の中を
鉄皮１の外側から前後進出来る。The cooling steve 3 is provided as a substitute for the furnace wall brick 2, and the through hole 4 is provided so as to penetrate the cooling steave 3. The cylindrical cylinder 5 is continuously provided in the through hole 4 and is welded to the iron skin. When the drive support roll 9 is driven, the gas pressure relief pipe 6 is supported and can move forward and backward in the cylindrical cylinder 5 from the outside of the iron shell 1.
【００３８】ガス圧力抜き管６は、ストックラインから
５メートル下方の位置のシャフト部に、円周方向に８
個、等間隔に１段配設されている。The gas pressure release pipe 6 is arranged in the circumferential direction on the shaft portion 5 meters below the stock line.
Individually, one stage is arranged at equal intervals.
【００３９】空隙が発生せずガス抜きをしない場合、ガ
ス圧力抜き管６を図１に示すように待機状態（後退状
態）とし、筒状円筒５の中に収納する。この場合、貫通
孔４に近接して設けれらた開閉弁１０を閉塞して貫通孔
４を閉塞することにより、炉内ガスの漏れおよび炉内ダ
ストの侵入を防止する。また、ガス圧力抜き管６が炉内
に突出しないから、装入原料の円滑な降下を阻害するこ
とがない。When no gas is released due to generation of voids, the gas pressure release pipe 6 is put in the tubular cylinder 5 in a standby state (retracted state) as shown in FIG. In this case, the on-off valve 10 provided in the vicinity of the through hole 4 is closed to close the through hole 4, thereby preventing leakage of gas in the furnace and intrusion of dust in the furnace. Further, since the gas pressure vent pipe 6 does not project into the furnace, it does not hinder the smooth fall of the charged raw material.
【００４０】この筒状円筒５の内側には耐熱ゴム製のシ
ール弁８が取り付けられている。ガス圧力抜き管６が待
機状態から前進して炉内に差し込まれ、空隙内の高温、
高圧の炉内ガスを抜出し中、シール弁８が筒状円筒５と
ガス圧力抜き管６との隙間をシールして炉内ガスの漏れ
を防止できる。シール弁の材質として耐熱ゴムを使用す
ることにより、長期間安定して気密性が保持される。Inside the cylindrical cylinder 5, a seal valve 8 made of heat resistant rubber is attached. The gas pressure vent pipe 6 advances from the standby state and is inserted into the furnace,
During extraction of the high-pressure furnace gas, the seal valve 8 seals the gap between the cylindrical cylinder 5 and the gas pressure vent pipe 6 to prevent the furnace gas from leaking. By using heat-resistant rubber as the material of the seal valve, airtightness is maintained stably for a long period of time.
【００４１】ガス圧力抜き管６の先端部にはガス抜き孔
７が下向きに開口し、ガス圧力抜き管６内には通路があ
って下降管に接続されており、炉内圧が下降管の圧力よ
りも０．２〜０．５ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 程度高いため、ガス抜
き孔７より炉内ガスは下降管に流れ、炉頂から回収され
る炉頂ガスと合流して回収される。A gas vent hole 7 opens downward at the tip of the gas pressure vent pipe 6, and there is a passage in the gas pressure vent pipe 6 that is connected to the downcomer pipe. Since it is higher by about 0.2 to 0.5 kg / cm 2 , the in-furnace gas flows from the gas vent hole 7 to the downcomer, and joins with the furnace top gas collected from the furnace top to be collected.
【００４２】発明者等の調査によれば、高炉操業上吹き
抜けが問題となる空隙（前述した高空隙領域）の大きさ
は、少なくとも５００ｍｍ以上あって、しかも高空隙領
域の下方および横方向には、装入原料の密度の低い領域
（前述した中空隙領域）がこの数倍に拡がっており、こ
れが炉壁に沿ってゆっくり上昇する。この高空隙領域と
中空隙領域を合計した領域の圧力は、高空隙領域の高さ
位置の円周方向の平均の炉内圧よりも、０．１〜０．３
ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 程度高い。According to the investigation by the inventors, the size of the void (the above-mentioned high void region) in which blow-through is a problem in the operation of the blast furnace is at least 500 mm, and in the lower and lateral directions of the high void region. The region where the density of the charging raw material is low (the above-mentioned medium void region) is expanded several times, and this rises slowly along the furnace wall. The pressure in the total area of the high void area and the medium void area is 0.1 to 0.3 more than the average in-furnace pressure in the circumferential direction at the height position of the high void area.
It is about kg / cm 2 high.
【００４３】従って、シャフト部の炉壁に設けられる空
隙検知手段、例えば、圧力センサーを円周方向に均等に
８個、かつシャフト部の高さ方向の炉壁に１０段埋め込
んで配置することにより、ほぼシャフト部全体に亘って
円周方向および高さ方向の圧力変動が検知され、空隙の
発生、発生位置並びに空隙の上昇挙動が精度良く把握出
来る。Therefore, by arranging eight gap detecting means provided on the furnace wall of the shaft portion, for example, eight pressure sensors evenly in the circumferential direction, and arranging them in ten stages embedded in the furnace wall in the height direction of the shaft portion. The pressure fluctuations in the circumferential direction and the height direction are detected over almost the entire shaft portion, and the generation of the air gap, the generation position, and the rising behavior of the air gap can be accurately grasped.
【００４４】この検出される空隙の発生位置または最も
近傍に配置されるガス圧力抜き管を炉内に挿入し、ガス
抜き孔より炉内ガスを抜くことにより空隙が消滅し吹抜
けは防止される。By inserting the gas pressure vent pipe arranged at or near the generation position of the detected void into the furnace and venting the gas in the furnace from the gas vent hole, the void disappears and blow-through is prevented.
【００４５】特に、ガス圧力抜き管６の先端部に空隙検
知手段、例えば、圧力センサーを設ける（図示しない）
と、炉内方向の圧力変動を検知でき、炉内方向の空隙の
広がり（空隙の大きさ）を検出できる。In particular, a gap detecting means such as a pressure sensor is provided at the tip of the gas pressure release pipe 6 (not shown).
With this, it is possible to detect the pressure fluctuation in the in-furnace direction, and to detect the expansion of the void in the in-furnace direction (size of the void).
【００４６】図２は、最も圧力の高い挿入位置（この位
置が空隙のほぼ中心と考えられる）、クーリングスティ
ーブ３の内面から約１メートル（後退位置から約３メー
トル前進した位置）までガス圧力抜き管６を差し込んで
停止し、この位置でガス抜き孔より炉内ガスを抜いてい
る。ガス抜きにより、空隙の周辺から装入原料２２が空
隙内に流れ込んで効率良く空隙を消滅できる。FIG. 2 shows that the gas pressure is released from the insertion position with the highest pressure (this position is considered to be approximately the center of the air gap) to about 1 meter from the inner surface of the cooling Steve 3 (the position advanced by about 3 meters from the retracted position). The tube 6 is inserted and stopped, and at this position, the gas inside the furnace is vented from the vent hole. By degassing, the charging raw material 22 flows into the void from around the void, and the void can be efficiently eliminated.
【００４７】またこの高さ位置の円周方向の平均の炉内
圧にほぼ等しくなった時点で、ガス抜きを停止するので
高精度でかつ過剰に炉内ガスを抜くことが防止でき効率
的に吹抜けを防止できる。Further, when the pressure in the furnace becomes almost equal to the average pressure in the circumferential direction at this height position, the degassing is stopped, so that it is possible to prevent the degassing of the gas in the furnace with high precision and to efficiently blow through the gas. Can be prevented.
【００４８】ガス圧力抜き後、ガス圧力抜き弁１１を閉
じ、ガス圧力抜き管６を後退させて開閉弁１０を閉塞す
ることにより、ガス圧力抜き管６の先端が炉内に突出し
ないから装入原料の円滑な降下を阻害することがない。After the gas pressure is released, the gas pressure release valve 11 is closed, and the gas pressure release pipe 6 is retracted to close the on-off valve 10 so that the tip of the gas pressure release pipe 6 does not project into the furnace. It does not hinder the smooth lowering of raw materials.
【００４９】図３は、このように構成された装置および
ガス圧力抜き条件で空隙を検知し、吹抜けを防止した実
施例を示す。FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which a void is detected and the blow-through is prevented under the conditions and the gas pressure relief conditions configured as described above.
【００５０】ここで、上段、中段、下段圧力は、ストッ
クラインからそれぞれ５ｍ、１０ｍ、１５ｍの位置の円
周方向同一断面内の炉壁に埋設された圧力センサーによ
る炉内圧の推移を示し、実線は本発明法、破線は空隙発
生に対して何ら対策をとらない従来法を示す。送風量は
全羽口から吹き込まれた熱風量の指数、ガス圧力抜き管
６の「後退」はガス圧力抜き管６が後退限に、「前進」
はガス圧力抜き管６が後退限より炉内に３ｍ前進した位
置でガス圧力抜きを実施したことを示す。横軸はいずれ
も経過時間を示す。Here, the upper, middle, and lower pressures represent the changes in the in-furnace pressure due to pressure sensors embedded in the furnace wall in the same cross-section in the circumferential direction at positions of 5 m, 10 m, and 15 m from the stock line, respectively, and the solid line Shows the method of the present invention, and the broken line shows the conventional method in which no measures are taken against the generation of voids. The amount of air blown is an index of the amount of hot air blown from all tuyere, and the "retraction" of the gas pressure vent pipe 6 is "forward" when the gas pressure vent pipe 6 is in the backward limit.
Indicates that the gas pressure relief pipe 6 performed the gas pressure relief at a position where the gas pressure relief pipe 6 advanced 3 m into the furnace from the backward limit. The horizontal axis indicates elapsed time.
【００５１】本実施例（図３）の本発明法では、基準時
刻から約３０分後、下段圧力が上昇し始め、３５分後に
ガス圧力が１．７ｋｇ／cm2 から約０．１ｋｇ／cm2 上
昇した。この時点を空隙発生と判断した。その後、経過
時間と共に空隙は上昇し、空隙は中段レベルまで上昇
し、中段圧力は３５分後から上昇を開始したので、この
時点で、開閉弁１０を開放しガス圧力抜き管６（ガス圧
力抜き管６は中段レベルよりも高い位置にある）を前進
させた。In the method of the present invention of this embodiment (FIG. 3), the lower pressure starts to rise about 30 minutes after the reference time, and 35 minutes later, the gas pressure increases from 1.7 kg / cm 2 to about 0.1 kg / cm 2. 2 rose. At this point, it was determined that voids were generated. After that, the voids increased with the lapse of time, the voids increased to the intermediate level, and the intermediate pressure started to increase after 35 minutes. At this time, therefore, the on-off valve 10 was opened and the gas pressure release pipe 6 (gas pressure release) was opened. (Tube 6 is higher than the middle level).
【００５２】炉内を前進させながらガス圧力抜き管６の
先端の圧力変化を監視し、圧力が最も高い位置で停止
し、３８分後からガス圧力抜き弁１１を開放してガス抜
きを開始した。この結果、中段圧力は３８分後に最大値
１．７ｋｇ／cm2 に達した後、減少し始め、４０分後に
１．６５ｋｇ／cm2 に降下し、４３分後、中段圧力の定
常圧力１．６ｋｇ／cm2 に戻ったので、４５分後にガス
圧力抜き弁１１を閉じ、ガス圧力抜き管６を後退させ
た。While advancing in the furnace, the pressure change at the tip of the gas pressure release pipe 6 was monitored, the pressure was stopped at the highest pressure position, and 38 minutes later, the gas pressure release valve 11 was opened to start degassing. . As a result, after reaching the maximum value 1.7 kg / cm 2 after the middle pressure 38 minutes, reduced begins, drops 1.65 kg / cm 2 after 40 minutes, after 43 minutes, the constant pressure of 1 of the middle pressure. After returning to 6 kg / cm 2 , after 45 minutes, the gas pressure release valve 11 was closed and the gas pressure release pipe 6 was retracted.
【００５３】この間、上段圧力は３９分後から僅かの圧
力上昇が認められるが、３８分後からガス抜きを開始し
たため、０．０３ｋｇ／cm2 程度上昇をした後、降下し
て定常圧力１．５ｋｇ／cm2 に戻り、吹き抜けは防止さ
れた。この結果、送風量を定常値に維持できた。During this period, a slight increase in the upper pressure was observed after 39 minutes, but since degassing was started after 38 minutes, it increased by about 0.03 kg / cm 2 and then dropped to a steady pressure of 1. It returned to 5 kg / cm 2 , and blow-through was prevented. As a result, the air flow rate could be maintained at a steady value.
【００５４】一方、従来法（破線）では、上段圧力が正
常値１．５ｋｇ／cm2 を上まわる３９分後から、約１０
分間継続し吹抜けが発生したため、５０分後に送風量を
下げて炉況の回復を図らねばならなかった。On the other hand, in the conventional method (broken line), about 10 minutes after 39 minutes when the upper pressure exceeds the normal value of 1.5 kg / cm 2.
Since the blowout occurred continuously for a minute, it was necessary to reduce the air flow after 50 minutes to recover the furnace condition.
【００５５】なお、空隙検知手段として、圧力センサー
の他に温度センサー、音響センサー（ＡＥセンサー）
や、羽口の送風圧力の低下等を手段としてもよいが、検
出精度が高く、かつ検出感度が高い（前述の中空隙領域
の外側までの範囲を検出出来る）点で圧力センサーが最
も優れている。As the air gap detecting means, in addition to the pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, an acoustic sensor (AE sensor)
Alternatively, the pressure of the air blown from the tuyere may be decreased, but the pressure sensor is the most excellent in that it has high detection accuracy and high detection sensitivity (the range up to the outside of the above-mentioned middle void area can be detected). There is.
【００５６】また、ガス圧力抜き管および駆動支持手段
に適切な強度を持たせ、ガス抜き中に駆動支持手段を駆
動してガス圧力抜き管を前後進（往復運動）させると、
空隙近傍の原料装入物が壊されて空隙内に流れ込みやす
くなり、更に効率良く空隙を消滅できる。When the gas pressure vent pipe and the drive support means are provided with appropriate strength and the drive support means is driven during gas venting to move the gas pressure vent pipe back and forth (reciprocating motion),
The raw material charge in the vicinity of the void is broken and easily flows into the void, and the void can be more efficiently eliminated.
【００５７】[0057]
【発明の効果】本発明による吹抜け防止装置および吹抜
け防止方法を実施することにより、炉壁レンガの損耗量
に関係せず、炉壁より広範囲に発生する空隙を精度良く
消滅させることが出来る。この結果、減産も回避でき炉
況の悪化を防止出来る。また吹抜けを未然に防止できる
ため、炉頂ガス回収率の低下、顕熱の利用損失も伴なわ
ない。By implementing the blow-through prevention device and blow-through prevention method according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately eliminate the voids generated in a wider area than the furnace wall regardless of the amount of wear of the furnace wall brick. As a result, reduction of production can be avoided and deterioration of the furnace condition can be prevented. In addition, since blow-through can be prevented, there is no reduction in the furnace top gas recovery rate and no loss of sensible heat utilization.
【図１】シャフト部に取り付けられた本発明に係る吹抜
け防止装置の一実施例を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a blow-through prevention device according to the present invention attached to a shaft portion.
【図２】ガス圧力抜き管を炉内に差し込んで、空隙内の
ガスを抜き出し空隙を消滅させている状況を示す図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which a gas pressure vent pipe is inserted into a furnace to extract gas in a void and to eliminate the void.
【図３】本発明法を実施したとき各段の炉内圧力、送風
量等の推移を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing changes in the furnace pressure, air flow rate, etc. at each stage when the method of the present invention is carried out.
【図４】炉壁部に発生する空隙の上昇と吹抜けに至る過
程を説明する図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a process leading to rise and blow-through of voids generated in the furnace wall.
１ 鉄皮 ２ 炉壁レンガ ３ クーリングスティーブ ４ 貫通孔 ５ 筒状円筒 ６ ガス圧力抜き管 ８ シール弁 ９ 駆動支持手段 １０ 開閉弁 １１ ガス圧力抜き弁 １２ 冷却函 ２０ 空隙 ２２ 装入原料 1 Iron Skin 2 Furnace Wall Brick 3 Cooling Steve 4 Through Hole 5 Cylindrical Cylinder 6 Gas Pressure Venting Tube 8 Seal Valve 9 Drive Support Means 10 Opening / Closing Valve 11 Gas Pressure Venting Valve 12 Cooling Box 20 Void 22 Charging Material
Claims (5)
であって、高炉シャフト部の炉壁に貫通して設けられた
貫通孔に連設された筒状体と、筒状体の前記貫通孔直近
部分に取り付けられた貫通孔開閉手段と、貫通孔と筒状
体の中を通って高炉炉内に挿抜されるガス圧力抜き管
と、筒状体とガス圧力抜き管との間をシールするシール
手段と、ガス圧力抜き管に直接または配管系を介して連
結されたバルブを有してなることを特徴とする吹抜け防
止装置。1. A blow-through prevention device in a blast furnace operation, comprising: a cylindrical body connected to a through hole provided through a furnace wall of a blast furnace shaft; and a portion of the cylindrical body immediately adjacent to the through hole. Attached through-hole opening / closing means, gas pressure vent pipe inserted into and removed from the blast furnace through the through hole and the tubular body, and sealing means for sealing between the tubular body and the gas pressure vent pipe. A blow-through prevention device having a valve connected to the gas pressure release pipe directly or via a piping system.
接続したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の吹抜け防止
装置。2. The blow-through prevention device according to claim 1, wherein a gas pressure vent pipe and a blast furnace downcomer pipe are connected to each other.
知手段を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１または請求項
２に記載の吹抜け防止装置。3. The blow-through prevention device according to claim 1, wherein a gap detecting means is provided at the tip of the gas pressure relief pipe.
知手段により空隙を検出し、空隙の発生位置またはこの
近傍の貫通孔開閉弁を開放し、ガス圧力抜き管を炉内に
挿入し、炉内ガスを抜き出すことを特徴とする請求項１
または請求項２に記載の吹抜け防止装置を使用した吹抜
け防止方法。4. A void is detected by a void detecting means provided on the furnace wall of the shaft portion, a through hole opening / closing valve at or near the position where the void is generated is opened, and a gas pressure vent pipe is inserted into the furnace. 2. The internal gas is extracted.
Alternatively, a blow-through prevention method using the blow-through prevention device according to claim 2.
検知手段により空隙を検出し、空隙の発生位置またはこ
の近傍の貫通孔の開閉弁を開放し、ガス圧力抜き管を炉
内に挿入し、先端部に設けた空隙検知手段により空隙が
検知された位置でガス圧力抜き管を停止した後、炉内ガ
スを抜き出すことをを特徴とする請求項３に記載の吹抜
け防止装置を使用した吹抜け防止方法。5. A gap detecting means provided on the furnace wall of the shaft portion detects the gap, the opening / closing valve of the through hole at or near the position where the gap is generated is opened, and the gas pressure vent pipe is inserted into the furnace, 4. The blow-through prevention using the blow-through prevention device according to claim 3, wherein the gas in the furnace is extracted after stopping the gas pressure release pipe at the position where the gap is detected by the gap detecting means provided at the tip end. Method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19000395A JPH0931510A (en) | 1995-07-26 | 1995-07-26 | Device for preventing blowoff of blast furnace and method for preventing blowoff |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19000395A JPH0931510A (en) | 1995-07-26 | 1995-07-26 | Device for preventing blowoff of blast furnace and method for preventing blowoff |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0931510A true JPH0931510A (en) | 1997-02-04 |
Family
ID=16250769
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19000395A Withdrawn JPH0931510A (en) | 1995-07-26 | 1995-07-26 | Device for preventing blowoff of blast furnace and method for preventing blowoff |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0931510A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117571969A (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-02-20 | 昆明理工大学 | Automatic soil humidity detection equipment for agriculture |
-
1995
- 1995-07-26 JP JP19000395A patent/JPH0931510A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117571969A (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-02-20 | 昆明理工大学 | Automatic soil humidity detection equipment for agriculture |
| CN117571969B (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-04-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Automatic soil humidity detection equipment for agriculture |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20021001 |