JPH09289971A - Ophthalmologic photographing device - Google Patents

Ophthalmologic photographing device

Info

Publication number
JPH09289971A
JPH09289971A JP8130663A JP13066396A JPH09289971A JP H09289971 A JPH09289971 A JP H09289971A JP 8130663 A JP8130663 A JP 8130663A JP 13066396 A JP13066396 A JP 13066396A JP H09289971 A JPH09289971 A JP H09289971A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
photographing
eye
cornea
light
corneal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP8130663A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tatsuya Kasahara
達也 笠原
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KONAN KK
Original Assignee
KONAN KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KONAN KK filed Critical KONAN KK
Priority to JP8130663A priority Critical patent/JPH09289971A/en
Publication of JPH09289971A publication Critical patent/JPH09289971A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate the need of mounting a contact lens to an eye to be tested required before, to omit the time and labor of mounting, to reduce burdens on a testee and to easily perform the magnified observation to magnified photographing of cornea epithelial cells in the case of photographing cornea epithelium by the ophthalmologic photographing device of a non-contact type. SOLUTION: The cornea 2 of the eye 1 to be tested is irradiated with slit illumination light by an illumination lamp 4 from an oblique direction and reflected light from the cornea 2 is received by the television camera 18 of an observation photographing optical system. Also, the movement of a photographing system 3 is stopped when a photodetector 17 present at a conjugate position with the light receiving surface 19 of the television camera detects first reflection accompanying the movement in direction of the eye to be tested of the photographing system 3. After air from an air compresser is blown from an air nozzle 20 provided facing the cornea 2 for prescribed time and the lacrimal fluid layer of a cornea surface is scattered and removed, a stroboscope 5 is made to emit light and the cornea epithelium of a part to be tested is magnified and photographed by the television camera 18.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、被検眼の角膜細
胞、特に角膜上皮細胞を拡大観察乃至拡大撮影するのに
適した眼科撮影装置に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic photographing apparatus suitable for magnifying observation or photographing of corneal cells of an eye to be examined, particularly corneal epithelial cells.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来から、白内障手術の術前術後の診療
に角膜内皮細胞の状態を観察する必要があり、被検眼の
角膜内皮細胞を拡大観察乃至拡大撮影するべく眼球面に
対し対物レンズが接触式や非接触式の各種の角膜撮影装
置が使用されている。この場合、通常、撮影光学系を被
検眼方向に前進せしめて被検部の角膜内皮に合焦時、ス
トロボ発光により、カメラ乃至テレビカメラで被検部の
角膜内皮細胞の拡大撮影を行っている。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, it has been necessary to observe the state of corneal endothelial cells in medical treatment before and after cataract surgery, and an objective lens is attached to the spherical surface of the eye to magnify and photograph corneal endothelial cells of an eye to be examined. There are various contact-type and non-contact-type cornea photographing apparatuses used. In this case, normally, when the photographing optical system is advanced in the direction of the eye to be inspected and the corneal endothelium of the subject is focused, a stroboscopic light emission is used to magnify the image of the corneal endothelial cells of the subject by a camera or TV camera. .

【0003】一方、コンタクトレンズの影響を見るため
や所要時に角膜上皮細胞の拡大撮影が必要とされる。と
ころが、これら従来の装置で接触式は上皮撮影も可能で
あるが、涙の膜で像がカブリ不鮮明になる欠点がある。
また、非接触式は角膜内皮の観察・撮影はできても、そ
のままでは、角膜上皮細胞の拡大観察・撮影はできない
という問題があった。すなわち、この場合スリット照明
光を眼軸に対し斜方向から被観察部に向け照射し、角膜
上皮表面からの反射光により被検部の角膜上皮細胞をテ
レビカメラ等により撮影しようとしても、角膜上皮細胞
の表面には涙液層があり(これは厚さが5〜10ミクロ
ン位のもので、表面のうすい脂質の層により角膜やまぶ
た乃至はコンタクトレンズの摩擦に対して潤滑油の働き
をし、また、乾燥を防ぐものである)、図2に示すよう
に角膜上皮2aに対しスリット光lを斜から照射すると
き、上皮の反射光r1 と涙液層t表面からの反射光r2
とが重なり、涙液層の反射は上皮の反射より非常に大き
い(r2 ≫r1 )ことから、涙による反射が邪魔で角膜
上皮細胞の拡大撮影ができなかった。
On the other hand, a magnified image of corneal epithelial cells is required when observing the influence of a contact lens or when required. However, contact type epithelium imaging is possible with these conventional devices, but there is a drawback in that the fog becomes unclear due to the tear film.
Further, although the non-contact type can observe and photograph the corneal endothelium, there is a problem that the corneal epithelial cells cannot be enlarged and photographed as they are. In other words, in this case, even if the slit illumination light is radiated from the oblique direction with respect to the ocular axis toward the observed area and the corneal epithelial cells of the examined area are photographed by a TV camera or the like by the reflected light from the surface of the corneal epithelium, There is a tear film on the surface of cells (thickness is about 5 to 10 microns, and the thin lipid layer on the surface acts as a lubricating oil against the friction of the cornea, eyelids and contact lenses. Also, when the slit light 1 is obliquely applied to the corneal epithelium 2a as shown in FIG. 2, the reflected light r 1 of the epithelium and the reflected light r 2 from the surface of the tear film t are shown.
, And the reflection of the tear film is much larger than the reflection of the epithelium (r 2 >> r 1 ), so that the reflection by tears interfered and the magnifying image of corneal epithelial cells could not be taken.

【0004】これを解決するべく、近時、コンタクトレ
ンズを角膜面に装着して角膜上皮細胞の拡大撮影を行う
ようになった。すなわち、この場合、図3に示すように
角膜上皮2aにコンタクトレンズCを装着して撮影する
が、コンタクトレンズCと角膜上皮2aとの間には自然に
涙が入り涙液層tが形成されても、コンタクトレンズC
からの反射光r3 は大きく涙液層tの表面からの反射光
2 は小さいため、角膜撮影装置では、撮影系を被検眼
方向に前進せしめて第1の反射に続いて明瞭な第2の反
射である角膜上皮2aからの反射光r1 を検出してその撮
影を行っている。
In order to solve this problem, a contact lens has recently been attached to the corneal surface to perform magnified imaging of corneal epithelial cells. That is, in this case, as shown in FIG. 3, the contact lens C is attached to the corneal epithelium 2a for imaging, and tears spontaneously enter between the contact lens C and the corneal epithelium 2a to form the tear film t. But contact lens C
Since the reflected light r 3 from the eye is large and the reflected light r 2 from the surface of the tear film t is small, in the corneal imaging apparatus, the imaging system is advanced in the direction of the eye to be examined, and the first reflection is followed by the clear second light. The reflected light r 1 from the corneal epithelium 2a, which is the reflection of the light, is detected and its image is taken.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記のように、従来、
角膜上皮細胞の撮影には非接触式では被検者に対しコン
タクトレンズの装着が必須の要件で、その手間及び被検
者に対する負担は避けられなかった。本発明は、このよ
うな実情に鑑みてなされたものであって、非接触式であ
ってもコンタクトレンズ装着の必要をなくして装着の手
間を省き被検者への負担を少くして容易に角膜上皮細胞
の拡大観察・撮影することのできる眼科撮影装置を提供
することを目的としている。
As described above, conventionally,
In the non-contact method for photographing corneal epithelial cells, wearing a contact lens is indispensable to the subject, and the labor and burden on the subject are unavoidable. The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and even if it is a non-contact type, the need for contact lens mounting is eliminated, the time and effort of mounting the contact lens are reduced, and the burden on the subject is reduced easily. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ophthalmologic photographing apparatus capable of magnifying observation and photographing of corneal epithelial cells.

【0006】前記目的を達成するために本発明に於て
は、眼科撮影装置として、少くとも、被検眼の角膜に向
け斜めからスリット光束を照射する照明光学系と、被検
眼の前記スリット光束による角膜からの反射光を受光し
て被検部の角膜細胞を観察・撮影する観察撮影光学系
と、前記照明光学系と観察撮影光学系とを有する撮影系
を被検眼方向に移動せしめるための移動手段とを備え、
前記角膜に対面して角膜面の涙液層を飛散させるための
空気を吹きつけるべくエアーノズルを設けて眼科撮影装
置を構成するようにしている。
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the present invention, as an ophthalmologic photographing apparatus, an illumination optical system for irradiating a slit light beam obliquely toward the cornea of the eye to be inspected, and the slit light beam of the eye to be inspected are used. A movement for moving an observation and photographing optical system that receives reflected light from the cornea to observe and photograph a corneal cell of a subject and a photographing system including the illumination optical system and the observation and photographing optical system in the direction of the eye to be examined. And means,
An ophthalmologic imaging apparatus is configured by providing an air nozzle to blow air for scattering the tear film on the surface of the cornea facing the cornea.

【0007】前記エアーノズルの作動については、前記
撮影系が被検眼方向へ移動するに伴って、前記観察撮影
光学系に付設された被検部の合焦検知用受光素子が第1
の反射を検出したとき、該エアーノズルが所定時間噴出
作動するようにすることが効果的である。
With respect to the operation of the air nozzle, as the photographing system moves toward the eye to be inspected, the focus detecting light receiving element of the subject portion attached to the observation and photographing optical system is the first.
It is effective to make the air nozzle eject for a predetermined time when the reflection of the air is detected.

【0008】これにより、前記眼科撮影装置で、被検者
の被検眼の角膜上皮細胞を拡大観察・撮影する場合、角
膜上皮前面の涙液層をエアーノズルから噴出する空気に
より飛散せしめて上皮撮影を行うことができるため、被
検者の眼にコンタクトレンズを装着する必要がなくなり
装着の手間を省くことができ、被検者への負担を軽くし
て容易に被検眼の角膜上皮細胞の拡大観察乃至拡大撮影
することができる。
Thus, when the corneal epithelial cells of the subject's eye are magnified and photographed by the ophthalmic photographing apparatus, the tear film on the front surface of the corneal epithelium is scattered by the air ejected from the air nozzle to photograph the epithelium. Since it is possible to perform, it is not necessary to wear a contact lens on the eye of the subject, and it is possible to save the labor of wearing the lens, and to lighten the burden on the subject and easily expand the corneal epithelial cells of the eye. It can be observed or enlarged.

【0009】前記撮影の場合、前記撮影系の被検眼方向
への移動に伴って前記観察撮影光学系に付設された被検
部の合焦検知用受光素子が第1の反射を検出したとき、
エアーノズルを、角膜上皮前面の涙がなくなるまでの所
定時間噴出作動させるようにすると、被検眼への最小限
の空気吹付けだけで、被検者への負担を少く効率的に角
膜上皮細胞の拡大撮影をすることができる。
In the case of the photographing, when the light receiving element for focus detection of the portion to be inspected attached to the observation and photographing optical system detects the first reflection as the photographing system moves in the direction of the eye to be inspected,
If the air nozzle is operated to eject air for a predetermined time until the tears on the front surface of the corneal epithelium disappear, the burden on the subject will be reduced and the corneal epithelial cells will be efficiently ejected with a minimum amount of air blowing to the subject's eye. You can take enlarged pictures.

【0010】[0010]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施の形態を添付の図面
に基づいて説明する。図1は、該実施の形態を示す光学
系及び電気回路を含む構成図で、図4に、該実施の形態
による角膜上皮拡大撮影時の操作手順を示すフローチャ
ートが示されている。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram including an optical system and an electric circuit showing the embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation procedure at the time of corneal epithelium magnifying imaging according to the embodiment.

【0011】図1において、被検眼1の眼球面2を、眼
軸1aに対し斜方向からスリット光束を投射するようにし
た照明光学系と、眼球面に投射したスリット光束に基づ
き、照明光軸10と眼軸1aを挾んで反対方向から被検部拡
大像をテレビカメラ18により観察・撮影するようにした
観察撮影光学系を備えた撮影系3が示されており、該撮
影系3は、眼軸1aに直交する紙面に垂直なX方向及び紙
面の上下方向であるY方向とは手動により移動可能にな
っており、眼軸1aの方向であるZ方向には後述するZ軸
駆動機構によって移動させられる。
In FIG. 1, an illumination optical system in which an eyeball 2 of an eye 1 to be examined is made to project a slit light beam from an oblique direction with respect to an eye axis 1a, and an illumination optical axis is made based on the slit light beam projected to the eyeball surface. A photographing system 3 including an observation and photographing optical system in which a TV camera 18 observes and photographs a magnified image of a portion to be inspected from the opposite direction across 10 and the eye axis 1a is shown. It is manually movable with respect to the X direction perpendicular to the paper surface orthogonal to the eye axis 1a and the Y direction which is the vertical direction of the paper surface, and the Z direction, which is the direction of the eye axis 1a, is moved by the Z axis drive mechanism described later. Can be moved.

【0012】眼球面2の被検部の照明光源として前記観
察撮影光学系による被検部のフォーカシング時に用いる
照明ランプ4と、被検部細胞の拡大写真撮影時に用いる
ストロボ放電管5とが、照明ランプ4の発する光の集光
レンズ6による集束位置とストロボ放電管5の発する光
の集光レンズ7による集束位置とが同一位置になるよう
に、照明ランプ4の光は可視光透過・赤外光反射ミラー
8によりその赤外光が反射される一方、ストロボ放電管
5の光(可視光)は、該ミラー8を通過してそれぞれス
リット9の位置に集束するように配置されている。この
場合、必要に応じて照明ランプ4と該可視光透過・赤外
光反射ミラー8との間の光路に可視光カットフィルター
を挿入し、ストロボ放電管5と集光レンズ7との間の光
路に赤外光カットフィルターを挿入する。スリット9を
通過した光は投影レンズ11を通して被検者の眼球1の被
観察面である角膜2を斜方向から、フォーカシング時は
照明ランプ4による照明光により、また撮影時にはスト
ロボ光により眼軸1aに対して所定角度で投射するように
なっている。
An illumination lamp 4 used as an illumination light source for the subject to be inspected on the eye spherical surface 2 when focusing the subject by the observation and photographing optical system, and a strobe discharge tube 5 used for taking a magnified photograph of the subject cells are illuminated. The light of the illumination lamp 4 transmits visible light and infrared light so that the converging position of the light emitted from the lamp 4 by the condensing lens 6 and the converging position of the light emitting from the strobe discharge tube 5 by the condensing lens 7 are the same. The infrared light is reflected by the light reflecting mirror 8, while the light (visible light) of the strobe discharge tube 5 is arranged so as to pass through the mirror 8 and be focused at the slits 9. In this case, a visible light cut filter is inserted in the optical path between the illumination lamp 4 and the visible light transmitting / infrared light reflecting mirror 8 if necessary, and the optical path between the strobe discharge tube 5 and the condenser lens 7 is inserted. Insert an infrared light cut filter into. The light that has passed through the slit 9 passes through the projection lens 11 through the cornea 2 that is the surface to be observed of the eyeball 1 of the subject from the oblique direction, by the illumination light from the illumination lamp 4 during focusing, and by the stroboscopic light during photographing, the eye axis 1a. It is designed to project at a predetermined angle with respect to.

【0013】また、前記照明光学系の照明光軸10と前記
眼軸1aを挾んで反対側には、眼球被検部に対する照明ラ
ンプ4又はストロボ放電管5による斜のスリット状照明
光線の反射光を受けて被観察部の眼部細胞を拡大観察乃
至拡大写真撮影する一方、被検部からの反射検出による
撮影系3の撮影位置合わせをするための観察撮影光学系
が設けられ、被検部の拡大撮影像が前記テレビカメラ18
前面のCCD受光面19に結像するとともに、後述する合
焦検知用受光素子(PSD)17上に結像するようになっ
ている。
On the opposite side of the illumination optical axis 10 of the illumination optical system from the eye axis 1a, the reflected light of the oblique slit-shaped illumination light beam by the illumination lamp 4 or the strobe discharge tube 5 with respect to the eyeball test portion. In response to the observation, the eye cells of the observed portion are magnified and photographed, and an observation and photographing optical system for adjusting the photographing position of the photographing system 3 by detecting the reflection from the examined portion is provided. The enlarged photographed image of the TV camera 18
An image is formed on the CCD light receiving surface 19 on the front surface and also on a focus detection light receiving element (PSD) 17 which will be described later.

【0014】すなわち、眼軸1aを挾んで照明光学系の照
明光軸10と対称位置にある光軸121上の所定位置に、眼
球面側に対物レンズ13が、また該対物レンズ13から所定
距離をおいてミラー14が、該光軸121 と所定角度交叉し
て眼球被検部からの前記投射光の反射光による像光線を
前記眼軸1aの略軸線上の所定位置に直交するように折曲
げるべく配置され、ミラー14により反射した像光線は光
軸122 上を結像レンズ15を通って前記眼軸1a方向と45°
交叉した赤外線透過・可視光反射ミラー16により拡大像
光線のうちストロボ光による可視光は全反射して、折曲
げられた光軸123 上に設けられたテレビカメラ18のCC
D受光面19上に被観察面の眼部細胞の拡大撮影像として
結像するとともに、拡大像光線のうち赤外光は該赤外光
透過・可視光反射ミラー16を通過して後述する合焦検知
用受光素子(PSD)17上に結像される。
[0014] That is, a predetermined position of the optical axis 12 on 1 in the illumination optical axis 10 and symmetrical position of the illumination optical system across the axial 1a, a predetermined objective lens 13, and from the objective lens 13 on the eyeball surface side At a distance, the mirror 14 intersects the optical axis 12 1 at a predetermined angle so that the image light beam resulting from the reflected light of the projection light from the eyeball subject is orthogonal to a predetermined position on the approximate axis of the eye axis 1 a. The image light beam, which is arranged so as to be bent in the direction of, is reflected by the mirror 14 and passes through the imaging lens 15 on the optical axis 12 2 and the direction of the eye axis 1a is 45 °.
The crossed infrared transmission / visible light reflection mirror 16 totally reflects visible light by strobe light in the magnified image light beam, and CC of the TV camera 18 provided on the bent optical axis 12 3.
D Infrared light in the magnified image light beam passes through the infrared light transmitting / visible light reflecting mirror 16 and is formed on the light receiving surface 19 as a magnified photographed image of eye cells on the surface to be observed. An image is formed on the light receiving element (PSD) 17 for focus detection.

【0015】すなわち、前記観察撮影光学系の光軸121
がミラー14で折曲げられて前記眼軸1a方向と直交する光
軸122 上には、前記テレビカメラ18のCCD受光面19
と、前記眼軸1a方向に45°交叉して配設された前記赤外
線透過・可視光反射ミラー16の反射面に関して共役位置
に、前記スリット照明光に基づく被検眼部の反射光を検
出してその合焦を検知するための合焦検知用受光素子
(PSD)17が配設されており、前記照明光学系と前記
観察撮影光学系を備えた撮影系3が、被検眼方向に前進
するとき、前記観察撮影光学系による、角膜上皮、角膜
内皮による反射を順次検出して各被検部すなわち、角膜
上皮及び角膜内皮の合焦を検知するようになっている。
That is, the optical axis 12 1 of the observation and photographing optical system
The but on the optical axis 12 2 orthogonal to the axial 1a direction is bent by the mirror 14, CCD light-receiving surface 19 of the television camera 18
And, at the conjugate position with respect to the reflection surface of the infrared transmission / visible light reflection mirror 16 arranged by intersecting 45 ° in the eye axis 1a direction, detects the reflected light of the eye part based on the slit illumination light. A focus detection light receiving element (PSD) 17 for detecting the focus is provided, and the imaging system 3 including the illumination optical system and the observation and imaging optical system moves forward in the direction of the eye to be inspected. At this time, the observation / photographing optical system sequentially detects reflections from the corneal epithelium and the corneal endothelium to detect the focus of each test portion, that is, the corneal epithelium and the corneal endothelium.

【0016】前記テレビカメラ18の結像面であるCCD
受光面19に結像した画像により得られた受像信号は、図
1に示すごとく画像入出力制御回路22に入力する。この
場合、被検部の撮影に際して、眼科撮影装置の図示せざ
る電源を入れ、後述するごとくマウス29を操作してモニ
タ28画面上で撮影すべき被検部を設定した後、撮影系3
を予め被検眼に対し手動によりアライメントを行って、
検者であるドクターが、画像入出力制御回路22に接続さ
れた図示せざる制御盤の撮影ボタンを押す。これによ
り、画像入出力制御回路22から電気信号をZ方向位置制
御回路25に入力し、該Z方向位置制御回路25からの駆動
信号でZ軸駆動機構26を作動せしめ、撮影系3、具体的
には撮影系3を搭載した架台を当初の待機位置より被検
眼1の眼球面2に向け前進を開始せしめるようにしてい
る。この前進開始と同時に照明ランプ4を点灯して眼球
面2に向け赤外スリット光を投射し、観察撮影光学系に
よる被検眼部の撮影を開始せしめるようになっている。
CCD which is the image plane of the TV camera 18
An image receiving signal obtained from the image formed on the light receiving surface 19 is input to the image input / output control circuit 22 as shown in FIG. In this case, at the time of photographing the examination portion, the unillustrated power supply of the ophthalmic photographing apparatus is turned on, and the mouse 29 is operated to set the examination portion to be photographed on the screen of the monitor 28 as described later, and then the photographing system 3
Align the eye manually in advance,
A doctor who is an examiner presses a photographing button on a control panel (not shown) connected to the image input / output control circuit 22. As a result, an electric signal is input from the image input / output control circuit 22 to the Z direction position control circuit 25, and the Z axis drive mechanism 26 is operated by the drive signal from the Z direction position control circuit 25. In this case, the gantry equipped with the imaging system 3 is made to start to move forward from the initial standby position toward the eye spherical surface 2 of the eye 1 to be inspected. Simultaneously with the start of the forward movement, the illumination lamp 4 is turned on to project the infrared slit light toward the spherical surface 2 of the eye so that the observation and photographing optical system starts the photographing of the subject's eye.

【0017】一方、モニタ表示器28には、画像入出力制
御回路22を介してマウス29が接続されており、撮影前に
該マウス29を操作してモニタ画面の一隅(例えばモニタ
画面の右下)にある図示せざるメニューで撮影部位(角
膜内皮か角膜上皮)を選択設定できるようになってい
る。すなわち、マウス29を操作し、モニタ画面上の矢印
等のアイコンをメニュー表示(例えば角膜上皮を示す
〔1〕又は角膜内皮を示す〔2〕上に移動させ、その位
置でマウスボタンをクリックONすることにより角膜上
皮又は角膜内皮を設定できるようにしている。
On the other hand, a mouse 29 is connected to the monitor display 28 via the image input / output control circuit 22, and the mouse 29 is operated before photographing to operate a corner of the monitor screen (for example, the lower right corner of the monitor screen). In the menu (not shown) in (), the imaging site (corneal endothelium or corneal epithelium) can be selectively set. That is, by operating the mouse 29, an icon such as an arrow on the monitor screen is moved to a menu display (for example, [1] indicating corneal epithelium or [2] indicating corneal endothelium, and the mouse button is clicked ON at that position. This allows the corneal epithelium or corneal endothelium to be set.

【0018】この場合、(例えば〔1〕を選択して)角
膜上皮を設定したとき、該メニューは角膜上皮を示す表
示となり、(例えば〔2〕を選択して)角膜内皮を設定
したとき、該メニューは角膜内皮を示す表示となるとと
もに、設定した部位に対応して画像入出力回路22からの
電気信号がスリット光検出回路23に入力する。そして、
角膜上皮を設定した場合は、スリット光反射反射検出回
路23に於いて、前記合焦検知用受光素子17からの信号に
より第1の反射を検出したとき、該スリット光反射検出
回路23からの信号でZ方向位置制御回路25を介してZ軸
駆動機構26を停止せしめるとともに電磁弁21を所定時間
開いてエアーノズル20から空気を被検眼方向に吹き出す
ようになっており、一方、角膜内皮を設定した場合は、
前記と同様にして第2の反射を検出したときにZ軸駆動
機構を停止せしめるが、電磁弁21には信号を送らず開弁
しない。
In this case, when the corneal epithelium is set (for example, [1] is selected), the menu shows a corneal epithelium, and when the corneal endothelium is set (for example, [2] is selected), The menu becomes a display showing the corneal endothelium, and an electric signal from the image input / output circuit 22 is input to the slit light detection circuit 23 corresponding to the set site. And
When the corneal epithelium is set, when the slit light reflection / reflection detection circuit 23 detects the first reflection from the signal from the focus detection light receiving element 17, the signal from the slit light reflection detection circuit 23 is detected. The Z-axis drive mechanism 26 is stopped via the Z-direction position control circuit 25, and the solenoid valve 21 is opened for a predetermined time to blow air from the air nozzle 20 toward the eye to be inspected, while the corneal endothelium is set. If you do
Although the Z-axis drive mechanism is stopped when the second reflection is detected in the same manner as described above, no signal is sent to the solenoid valve 21 and the valve is not opened.

【0019】被検部の撮影に当っては、マウス29を操作
してモニタ28画面上で撮影すべき被検部(角膜上皮又は
角膜内皮)を設定後、手動により撮影系3のアライメン
トを行った後、図示せざる制御盤の撮影ボタンを押して
撮影系3を被検眼方向に前進せしめる。撮影系3が、被
検眼1方向に前進するに伴い、被検眼1の眼軸上の角膜
各被検部からの反射光による拡大像光線(赤外線)が観
察撮影光学系の光路121, 122を経て前記合焦検知用受光
素子(PSD)17に順次入光し、該受光素子17からの受
光信号がスリット光反射検出回路23に入力して、該受光
素子19にできた反射光量の信号の山から角膜上皮による
第1反射検出、角膜内皮による第2の反射検出が順次行
われる。この際、マウス29を操作してモニタ28画面のメ
ニュー上で予め設定した撮影部位である角膜上皮又は角
膜内皮を検出したとき、スリット光反射検出回路23から
の信号がZ方向位置制御回路25に入力してZ軸駆動機構
26が撮影系3の移動を停止せしめる。
In photographing the examination area, the mouse 29 is operated to set the examination area (corneal epithelium or corneal endothelium) to be photographed on the screen of the monitor 28, and then the photographing system 3 is manually aligned. After that, the photographing button of the control panel (not shown) is pressed to move the photographing system 3 forward in the direction of the eye to be examined. Imaging system 3, along with advances in the eye 1 direction, the optical path 12 1, 12 of the enlarged image rays (infrared) observation photographing optical system by the reflected light from the cornea the object part on the eye axis of the subject eye 1 The light is sequentially input to the focus detection light receiving element (PSD) 17 via 2, and the light reception signal from the light receiving element 17 is input to the slit light reflection detection circuit 23, and the reflected light amount of the light receiving element 19 The first reflection detection by the corneal epithelium and the second reflection detection by the corneal endothelium are sequentially performed from the peak of the signal. At this time, when the mouse 29 is operated to detect the corneal epithelium or the corneal endothelium, which is the imaging site preset on the menu of the monitor 28 screen, the signal from the slit light reflection detection circuit 23 is sent to the Z direction position control circuit 25. Input and Z-axis drive mechanism
26 stops the movement of the photographing system 3.

【0020】この撮影系3の移動停止と同時に、前記の
ごとく、角膜上皮を設定した場合は、電磁弁21を所定時
間、すなわち角膜面の涙液層を飛散除去させるのに必要
な時間開弁した後、前記スリット光反射検出回路23から
の信号でストロボ発光制御回路24が作動してストロボ放
電管5が発光し、涙の消失した角膜上皮からの反射光に
よる被検部の拡大像光線がテレビカメラ18の受光面19に
結像し、テレビカメラ18からの角膜上皮細胞拡大像の画
像信号は、画像入出力制御回路22を介してフレームメモ
リ27に書き込まれる一方、モニタ表示器28に涙の影響の
ない明瞭な該拡大像が表示される。
When the corneal epithelium is set as described above at the same time when the movement of the imaging system 3 is stopped, the electromagnetic valve 21 is opened for a predetermined time, that is, for a time required to scatter and remove the tear film on the corneal surface. After that, the stroboscopic light emission control circuit 24 is actuated by the signal from the slit light reflection detection circuit 23 to cause the stroboscopic discharge tube 5 to emit light, and the magnified image light beam of the test part due to the reflected light from the corneal epithelium in which tears disappeared. An image signal of the corneal epithelial cell magnified image from the TV camera 18 is imaged on the light receiving surface 19 of the TV camera 18, is written to the frame memory 27 via the image input / output control circuit 22, and tears on the monitor display 28. The magnified image which is clear without the influence of is displayed.

【0021】一方、角膜内皮を設定した場合は、撮影系
3の移動停止と同時に、前記第2の反射検出によるスリ
ット光反射検出回路23からの信号でストロボ発光制御回
路25が作動してストロボ放電管7が発光し、設定した部
位の角膜内皮からの反射光による被検部拡大像光線がテ
レビカメラ18の受光面19に結像し、テレビカメラ18から
の角膜内皮細胞拡大像の画像信号は、同じくフレームメ
モリ27に書き込まれる一方、モニタ表示器28に該拡大像
が表示される。
On the other hand, when the corneal endothelium is set, at the same time when the movement of the photographing system 3 is stopped, the strobe light emission control circuit 25 is activated by the signal from the slit light reflection detection circuit 23 by the second reflection detection, and the strobe discharge is performed. The tube 7 emits light, and a magnified image light beam of the test portion due to the reflected light from the corneal endothelium at the set site is imaged on the light receiving surface 19 of the TV camera 18, and the image signal of the magnified image of corneal endothelial cells from the TV camera 18 is Similarly, the enlarged image is displayed on the monitor display 28 while being written in the frame memory 27.

【0022】このようにして、設定した部位に対応して
自動的に撮影された被検部の角膜上皮細胞拡大像又は角
膜内皮細胞拡大像はフレームメモリ27から必要に応じ画
像入出力制御回路22で読み出して、ビデオプリンタ30か
ら打ち出すことができ、之等設定した被検部の角膜上皮
細胞拡大像又は角膜内皮細胞拡大像の画像プリントをカ
ルテにつけることができる。
In this way, the enlarged image of the corneal epithelial cells or the enlarged image of the corneal endothelial cells of the subject portion, which is automatically photographed corresponding to the set region, is input from the frame memory 27 as necessary to the image input / output control circuit 22. It is possible to read out the image by using the video printer 30 and eject it from the video printer 30, and an image print of the magnified image of corneal epithelial cells or the image of corneal endothelium cells of the test area that has been set can be attached to the chart.

【0023】次に、前記の撮影系3により、被検眼の角
膜上皮を自動的に撮影するときの操作手順を、図4に示
すフローチャートに基づいて説明する。この場合、操作
に先立ち予め眼科撮影装置の電源を入れておく。
Next, the operation procedure for automatically photographing the corneal epithelium of the eye to be examined by the photographing system 3 will be described with reference to the flow chart shown in FIG. In this case, the power of the ophthalmic photographing apparatus is turned on in advance before the operation.

【0024】先ず、マウス29を操作してモニタ表示器28
の画面上の一隅(画面の右下)等に表示された図示せざ
るメニュー上で「角膜上皮」を示す記号(例えば〔1〕
など)を選びクリックする(ステップ101)。するとモニ
タ画面上に、撮影場所としての「角膜上皮」の表示がさ
れる(ステップ102)。このようにして画面上に、撮影部
位を設定した後、被検者頭部が固定されたアゴ台の操作
による高さの調整とともに、架台に搭載された撮影系3
のX・Y方向のハンドル操作などにより、被検眼に対し
X・Yアライメント(瞳孔中心とテレビ画像の中心合わ
せ)を行う(ステップ103)。
First, the mouse 29 is operated to operate the monitor display 28.
A symbol indicating "corneal epithelium" on a menu (not shown) displayed in one corner of the screen (lower right of the screen) (for example, [1]
Etc.) and click (step 101). Then, the "corneal epithelium" as the shooting location is displayed on the monitor screen (step 102). After setting the imaged region on the screen in this way, the height of the subject's head is adjusted by operating the jaw table, and the imaging system 3 mounted on the gantry is adjusted.
XY alignment (centering of the pupil center and the center of the television image) is performed on the eye to be inspected by operating the handle in the X and Y directions (step 103).

【0025】前記アライメント終了後、撮影ボタンを押
すと(ステップ104)、Z軸が駆動されて撮影系3は前進
せしめられる(ステップ105)。この撮影系3の前進途中
で、合焦検知用受光素子(PSD)17に順次入射する被
検部よりのスリット反射光からスリット光反射検出回路
23で、被検眼1の角膜上皮、角膜内皮からのスリット反
射光量の山のピークが順次検出されるが、第1の反射光
(この場合、図2に示すごとく該反射光は角膜上皮反射
光r1 と涙液表面反射光r2 と混った反射光となる)が
検出されると(ステップ106)、Z軸の駆動は停止する
(ステップ107)。
After the alignment is completed, when the photographing button is pressed (step 104), the Z axis is driven and the photographing system 3 is advanced (step 105). While the photographing system 3 is moving forward, a slit light reflection detection circuit is used for slit reflected light from the subject to be sequentially incident on the focus detection light receiving element (PSD) 17.
At 23, the peaks of the slit reflected light amount from the corneal epithelium and the corneal endothelium of the eye 1 are sequentially detected, and the first reflected light (in this case, the reflected light is the corneal epithelial reflected light as shown in FIG. 2). When r 1 and reflected light r 2 on the surface of the tear fluid are mixed (reflected light) is detected (step 106), driving of the Z axis is stopped (step 107).

【0026】このZ軸の駆動停止による撮影系3の被検
眼方向への前進停止と同時に、前記スリット光反射検出
回路23からの信号により電磁弁21が作動開弁して図示し
ないエアコンプレッサーで加圧された空気がノズル20よ
り被検眼1の角膜2に吹き付けられる(ステップ108)。
そして、所定時間の吹付けにより角膜面の涙液層が吹き
飛ばされたとき(ステップ109)、スリット光反射検出回
路23からの信号でストロボ発光制御回路24が作動しスト
ロボ放電管5が発光してテレビカメラ18で撮影を行い、
フレームメモリ27へ角膜上皮細胞の拡大画像が書き込ま
れるとともに該拡大画像がモニタ画面に表示され(ステ
ップ110)、撮影は終了する(ステップ111)。
Simultaneously with the stop of the forward movement of the photographing system 3 toward the eye to be inspected by stopping the driving of the Z-axis, the solenoid valve 21 is actuated and opened by a signal from the slit light reflection detection circuit 23 and is applied by an air compressor (not shown). The compressed air is blown from the nozzle 20 onto the cornea 2 of the subject's eye 1 (step 108).
Then, when the tear film on the corneal surface is blown off by spraying for a predetermined time (step 109), the strobe light emission control circuit 24 is activated by the signal from the slit light reflection detection circuit 23 and the strobe discharge tube 5 emits light. Take a picture with the TV camera 18,
The magnified image of the corneal epithelial cells is written in the frame memory 27, the magnified image is displayed on the monitor screen (step 110), and the photographing is finished (step 111).

【0027】このように、本発明の眼科撮影装置では、
被検眼の角膜に向け斜からスリット光束を照射する照明
光学系と、被検眼の前記スリット光束による角膜からの
反射光を受光して被検部の角膜細胞を観察・撮影する観
察撮影光学とを有する撮影系を被検眼方向に移動せしめ
て被検眼の角膜を撮影するとき、角膜に対面して設けら
れたエアーノズルにより、角膜上皮撮影時にエアーコン
プレッサからの空気を角膜面に吹きつけて角膜面の涙液
層を飛散除去させることにより、非接触型であってもコ
ンタクトレンズの装着をする必要なく装着の手間を省き
被検者への負担を軽くして良好に角膜上皮細胞の拡大撮
影をすることができる一方、エアーノズルよりの空気吹
付けを停止せしめて、従来通り角膜内皮撮影を行うこと
ができるものである。
As described above, in the ophthalmic photographing apparatus of the present invention,
An illumination optical system that irradiates a slit light beam obliquely toward the cornea of the eye to be inspected, and an observation and imaging optics that receives reflected light from the cornea due to the slit light beam of the eye to be observed and images the corneal cells of the inspected part. When the cornea of the eye to be inspected is moved by moving the imaging system that it has in the direction of the eye to be inspected, the air from the air compressor is blown to the corneal surface at the time of imaging the corneal epithelium by the air nozzle provided facing the cornea. By removing the tear film of the scatterer, even if it is a non-contact type, it is not necessary to wear a contact lens, and the time and effort of wearing a contact lens are lightened, and the burden on the subject is lightened, and a magnified image of corneal epithelial cells can be taken well. On the other hand, it is possible to stop the air blowing from the air nozzle and perform corneal endothelium imaging as usual.

【0028】なお、前記実施例に於てはXYアライメン
トを手動の場合につき説明したが、該XYアライメント
を自動化した場合でも同様に行うことが可能なことは勿
論である。また、涙液層を除くためにエアーを吹き付け
ると、角膜が若干変形し光学ピント位置が多少ずれるこ
とがあるが、焦点深度の深い光学系による撮影、若しく
は、涙液層を除くためにエアーを吹付けた後、所定量光
学系を被検者側に進めることにより、よりピントの合っ
た鮮明な像を得られるようにすることも可能である。
Although the XY alignment is manually performed in the above-described embodiment, it is needless to say that the XY alignment can be performed in the same manner even if the XY alignment is automated. Also, if air is blown to remove the tear film, the cornea may be slightly deformed and the optical focus position may shift slightly, but air is taken to shoot with an optical system with a deep depth of focus or to remove the tear film. It is also possible to obtain a sharper focused image by advancing the optical system toward the subject side by a predetermined amount after spraying.

【0029】[0029]

【発明の効果】請求項1記載の本発明の眼科撮影装置に
よれば、被検眼の角膜上皮細胞を拡大観察・撮影する場
合、装置に設けたエアーノズルによる角膜面への空気の
吹付けにより、角膜面の涙液層を除いて涙の影響をなく
して撮影することができるので、角膜非接触式であっも
従来のような被検眼へのコンタクトレンズの装着を不要
として装着の手間を省き、被検者への負担を軽くして良
好に被検眼の角膜上皮細胞の拡大観察乃至拡大撮影を行
うことができる。また、該エアーノズルを非作動状態と
することにより、従来通り角膜内皮細胞の拡大観察・撮
影をすることができる。
According to the ophthalmic photographing apparatus of the present invention as set forth in claim 1, when magnifying and observing the corneal epithelial cells of the eye to be inspected, air is blown onto the corneal surface by the air nozzle provided in the apparatus. Since it is possible to take images without the influence of tears except for the tear film on the corneal surface, it is not necessary to wear a contact lens on the eye to be inspected, even though it is a non-corneal contact type, thus saving the effort of wearing it. Further, the burden on the subject can be reduced, and the corneal epithelial cells of the eye to be examined can be favorably enlarged and observed. Further, by making the air nozzle inoperative, the corneal endothelial cells can be enlarged and observed and photographed as usual.

【0030】請求項2記載の発明によれば、前記眼科撮
影装置でエアーノズルを作動させて撮影する場合、被検
眼への最小限の空気吹付だけで、被検者への負担を少く
効率的に被検眼の角膜上皮細胞の拡大撮影をすることが
できる。
According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the air nozzle is operated by the ophthalmic photographing apparatus to perform photographing, the burden on the subject is small and efficient by only blowing the air to the subject's eye to a minimum. In addition, a magnified image of the corneal epithelial cells of the eye can be taken.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明の眼科撮影装置の実施の形態を示す構成
図である。
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an ophthalmologic photographing apparatus of the present invention.

【図2】角膜面にスリット光を照射したときの角膜上皮
の反射と涙の反射との関係を示す光路図である。
FIG. 2 is an optical path diagram showing the relationship between the reflection of the corneal epithelium and the reflection of tears when the corneal surface is irradiated with slit light.

【図3】角膜面に上皮撮影用コンタクトレンズを装着し
たときのスリット照明光による反射光の光路図である。
FIG. 3 is an optical path diagram of light reflected by slit illumination light when a contact lens for epithelial imaging is attached to the corneal surface.

【図4】角膜上皮撮影時の手順を示すフローチャートで
ある。
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a procedure for photographing a corneal epithelium.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1…眼球、 2…眼球面(角膜)、 3…撮影系、 4
…照明ランプ、5…ストロボ放電管、 8…赤外光反射
・可視光透過ミラー、 10…照明光軸、121, 122, 123
…観察撮影光学系光軸、 16…赤外光透過・可視光反射
ミラー、17…合焦検知用受光素子(PSD)、 18…テ
レビカメラ、 19…CCD受光面、 22…画像入出力制
御回路、 23…スリット光反射検出回路、 24…ストロ
ボ発光制御回路、 25…Z方向位置制御回路、 26…Z
軸駆動機構、 27…フレームメモリ、 28…モニタ表示
器、 29…マウス。
1 ... Eyeball, 2 ... Eye spherical surface (cornea), 3 ... Imaging system, 4
… Illumination lamp, 5… Strobe discharge tube, 8… Infrared light reflection / visible light transmission mirror, 10… Illumination optical axis, 12 1 , 12 2 , 12 3
Observation optical system optical axis, 16 Infrared light transmitting / visible light reflecting mirror, 17 Focusing light receiving element (PSD), 18 TV camera, 19 CCD light receiving surface, 22 Image input / output control circuit , 23 ... Slit light reflection detection circuit, 24 ... Strobe light emission control circuit, 25 ... Z direction position control circuit, 26 ... Z
Axis drive mechanism, 27 ... Frame memory, 28 ... Monitor display, 29 ... Mouse.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]

【提出日】平成8年7月8日[Submission date] July 8, 1996

【手続補正1】[Procedure amendment 1]

【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement

【補正対象項目名】0006[Correction target item name] 0006

【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change

【補正内容】[Correction contents]

【0006】 [0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】 前記目的を達成するため
に本発明に於ては、眼科撮影装置として、少くとも、被
検眼の角膜に向け斜めからスリット光束を照射する照明
光学系と、被検眼の前記スリット光束による角膜からの
反射光を受光して被検部の角膜細胞を観察・撮影する観
察撮影光学系と、前記照明光学系と観察撮影光学系とを
有する撮影系を被検眼方向に移動せしめるための移動手
段とを備え、前記角膜に対面して角膜面の涙液層を飛散
させるための空気を吹きつけるべくエアーノズルを設け
て眼科撮影装置を構成するようにしている。
In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, as an ophthalmologic imaging apparatus, an illumination optical system for irradiating a slit light beam obliquely toward the cornea of an eye to be examined, An observation and photographing optical system that receives and reflects light from the cornea due to the slit light flux of the optometry and observes and photographs the corneal cells of the subject, and a photographing system that includes the illumination optical system and the observation and photographing optical system is directed toward the subject's eye. And a moving means for moving the tear film on the cornea to blow air for scattering the tear film on the surface of the cornea.

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】少くとも、被検眼の角膜に向け斜めからス
リット光束を照射する照明光学系と、被検眼の前記スリ
ット光束による角膜からの反射光を受光して被検部の角
膜細胞を観察・撮影する観察撮影光学系と、前記照明光
学系と観察撮影光学系とを有する撮影系を被検眼方向に
移動せしめるための移動手段とを備え、前記角膜に対面
して角膜面の涙液層を飛散させるためのエアーノズルが
設けられていることを特徴とする眼科撮影装置。
1. An illumination optical system for irradiating a corpuscle of an eye to be inspected with a slit light flux obliquely, and a corneal cell of a subject to be inspected by receiving reflected light from the cornea due to the slit light flux of the eye to be inspected. An observation / photographing optical system for photographing, and a moving unit for moving a photographing system having the illumination optical system and the observation / photographing optical system in the direction of the eye to be examined, and a tear film layer on the corneal surface facing the cornea. An ophthalmologic imaging apparatus, which is provided with an air nozzle for scattering.
【請求項2】エアーノズルの作動は、前記撮影系の被検
眼方向への移動に伴い前記観察撮影光学系に付設された
被検部の合焦検知用受光素子が第1の反射を検出したと
き、所定時間噴出作動するようにしたことを特徴とする
請求項1記載の眼科撮影装置。
2. The operation of the air nozzle is such that, as the photographing system moves toward the eye to be inspected, a light receiving element for focus detection of a portion to be inspected attached to the observation and photographing optical system detects the first reflection. The ophthalmologic imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejection operation is performed for a predetermined time.
JP8130663A 1996-04-26 1996-04-26 Ophthalmologic photographing device Pending JPH09289971A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8130663A JPH09289971A (en) 1996-04-26 1996-04-26 Ophthalmologic photographing device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8130663A JPH09289971A (en) 1996-04-26 1996-04-26 Ophthalmologic photographing device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09289971A true JPH09289971A (en) 1997-11-11

Family

ID=15039642

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP8130663A Pending JPH09289971A (en) 1996-04-26 1996-04-26 Ophthalmologic photographing device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH09289971A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6554394B1 (en) 1999-09-03 2003-04-29 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Carriage, liquid ejection head, printer, head inserting method and head positioning method
CN111529366A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-14 吉林大学 Atomizing nursing device adjusted according to position deviation of eyes

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6554394B1 (en) 1999-09-03 2003-04-29 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Carriage, liquid ejection head, printer, head inserting method and head positioning method
CN111529366A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-14 吉林大学 Atomizing nursing device adjusted according to position deviation of eyes
CN111529366B (en) * 2020-05-07 2021-03-19 吉林大学 Atomizing nursing device adjusted according to position deviation of eyes

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