JPH09275965A - Production of liquor from grains free from boiling - Google Patents
Production of liquor from grains free from boilingInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09275965A JPH09275965A JP8908596A JP8908596A JPH09275965A JP H09275965 A JPH09275965 A JP H09275965A JP 8908596 A JP8908596 A JP 8908596A JP 8908596 A JP8908596 A JP 8908596A JP H09275965 A JPH09275965 A JP H09275965A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- koji
- grains
- yeast
- fermented
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は酒類の製造法、特に、生
の(無蒸煮の)穀類からの酒類の製造法に関する。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing alcoholic beverages, and more particularly to a method for producing alcoholic beverages from raw (unboiled) cereals.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、米、麦等の穀類から醸造酒又は焼
酎等のごとき酒類を製造する場合、通常、これらの穀類
を蒸煮したものを使用して製麹及び発酵を行っている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when alcohol such as brewed liquor or shochu is produced from grains such as rice and wheat, koji making and fermentation are usually carried out using steamed products of these grains.
【0003】しかしながら、穀類を蒸煮するためには、
当然、相当の量の熱エネルギーを要するばかりでなし
に、原料米として粒径の小さいくず米、粒径が不揃いの
米、硬質米と軟質米の混合物あるいは高度精白米を使用
し、これらの原料米を蒸した場合、べたつきやすく、場
合によっては団子状となり、製麹が非常に困難である。
本発明者等は、先に、蒸煮しない生の穀類から麹及び従
って酒類を製造し得る方法を提案した(特公平2-53028
号公報参照)。この方法によれば、生の穀類から良好に
麹を製造し、この麹を使用して酒類を製造することが可
能である。しかしながら、この方法では、より良好な結
果を得るためには、原料穀類として、特定の粒度の穀類
を混合して使用することが必要である。However, in order to steam the grains,
Naturally, not only a considerable amount of heat energy is required, but also waste rice with a small particle size, rice with an uneven particle size, a mixture of hard and soft rice, or highly polished rice is used as the raw rice. When steamed, it becomes sticky, and in some cases it becomes a dumpling, making it very difficult to make koji.
The present inventors have previously proposed a method capable of producing koji and thus alcoholic beverages from raw cereals that are not cooked (Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-53028).
Reference). According to this method, it is possible to satisfactorily produce koji from raw cereals and use this koji to produce liquor. However, in this method, in order to obtain better results, it is necessary to mix and use cereal grains having a specific grain size as raw material cereal grains.
【0004】今般、本発明者等は、生の穀類を使用して
麹及び従って酒類を製造し得る方法であって、上記した
ごとき特定の粒度の穀類を混合して使用することを必要
としない酒類の製造法を開発した。The present inventors now have a method for producing malt and thus alcoholic beverages using raw cereals, and do not require the use of a mixture of cereals having a specific grain size as described above. A method for producing alcoholic beverages was developed.
【0005】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】従って、本発明によれ
ば、生の穀類にpH4.5〜2.0の酸性水又は酸化還元電位が
600〜1500ミリボルトの電気分解水を穀類重量の15〜25
%の量で散布して、麹の形成に有害な細菌類(雑菌類)
を滅菌するか又はその発育を抑制した後、生澱粉糖化酵
素産生性の菌種の種菌を接種し、菌の発育状態に応じて
水分を補給しながら、30〜40℃の温度で40〜50時間培養
して麹を製造し、得られた麹に水又は水と酵母菌を添加
した後、15〜30℃の温度で発酵させて発酵もろみを製造
しついでかく得られた発酵もろみから、例えば、これを
濾過することにより醸造酒を得るか又は上記発酵もろみ
又はこれを濾過して得られる醸造酒を蒸留することによ
り焼酎を得ることを特徴とする無蒸煮穀類からの酒類の
製造法が提供される。Therefore, according to the present invention, raw cereals are provided with acidic water of pH 4.5 to 2.0 or redox potential.
600 to 1500 millivolts of electrolyzed water to 15 to 25 cereal weight
Bacteria that are harmful to the formation of koji (miscellaneous fungi)
After sterilizing or suppressing its growth, inoculate the inoculum of raw starch saccharifying enzyme-producing bacterial species, while supplying water according to the growth state of the bacteria, 40 ~ 50 at a temperature of 30 ~ 40 ℃. Producing koji by culturing for hours, adding water or water and yeast to the koji obtained, and then fermenting moromi produced by fermenting at a temperature of 15 to 30 ° C. to obtain fermented mash thus obtained, for example, , A method for producing alcoholic beverages from non-steamed cereals, which comprises obtaining brewed sake by filtering this, or obtaining shochu by distilling the above fermentation mash or brewed alcohol obtained by filtering this To be done.
【0006】本発明の方法によれば、前記したごときく
ず米、軟質米あるいは高度精白米のごとき、適当に蒸し
上げることが困難な穀類を蒸すことなしに、生のままで
安全に製麹し得る。According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to safely make koji as raw without steaming grains such as the aforementioned scrap rice, soft rice or highly polished rice, which are difficult to steam appropriately. .
【0007】本発明の方法を実施するにあたっては、ま
ず、上記したごとき穀類に、麹を製造するための目的微
生物である生澱粉糖化酵素産生性菌の発育に必要な最小
量の水、即ち、原料穀類の重量の15〜25%の量の水を酸
性水として供給して、雑菌類の発育を抑制し、ついで、
生澱粉糖化酵素を保有する上記した生澱粉糖化酵素産生
性の菌種の種菌を接種し、この微生物を培養し、発育さ
せる。培養は前記した通り、30〜40℃の温度で40〜50時
間行われる。この間に、微生物の発育を行わせるため
に、その発育の程度に応じて、これに必要な水分を段階
的に供給する。かくして、生の穀類から、蒸し工程を行
うことなしにしかも穀類の生の成分を損なうことなしに
かつ雑菌の繁殖を抑制しながら製麹を行い得る。In carrying out the method of the present invention, first of all, the above-mentioned grains are treated with a minimum amount of water necessary for the growth of the raw starch saccharifying enzyme-producing bacterium, which is a target microorganism for producing koji, that is, Water of 15 to 25% of the weight of the raw cereals is supplied as acidic water to suppress the growth of various fungi, and then
An inoculum of the above-described raw starch saccharifying enzyme-producing bacterial species having a raw starch saccharifying enzyme is inoculated, and this microorganism is cultured and allowed to grow. The culturing is carried out at a temperature of 30 to 40 ° C. for 40 to 50 hours as described above. During this period, in order to cause the growth of the microorganisms, the water necessary for the growth is supplied stepwise according to the degree of the growth. Thus, it is possible to perform koji-making from raw cereals without performing a steaming step, without impairing the raw components of the cereals, and suppressing the growth of various bacteria.
【0008】従来の方法で麹を製造する際には、通常、
原料米を水分が35〜37%以上になるように蒸し上げてい
るが、本発明の方法では、上記した通り、最初、穀類に
その25%以下の水分を供給ししかもこの水を酸性水とし
て供給し、麹菌が発育するにつれて水分を補給するた
め、安全に製麹を行うことができる。これに対して、生
の穀類に最初から35%程度の水分を供給すると、生穀類
が水分の全部を吸収することができず、生穀類の表面が
水に濡れた状態のままになり、有害細菌の方が発育する
ため、有用な麹を製造することが困難である。When koji is produced by a conventional method,
The raw rice is steamed to have a water content of 35 to 37% or more. However, in the method of the present invention, as described above, first, 25% or less of the water content is supplied to the grains, and this water is used as acidic water. As the koji mold is supplied and water is supplied as the koji mold grows, koji can be safely produced. On the other hand, if you supply about 35% of water to the raw grain from the beginning, the raw grain will not be able to absorb all of the water and the surface of the raw grain will remain wet and will be harmful. It is difficult to produce useful koji because bacteria grow more.
【0009】本発明の上記工程で穀類に散布する酸性水
としては、人体に無害な4.5〜2.0のpHを有する酸性水又
は600 ミリボルト以上、1500ミリボルト以下の酸化還元
電位を有する電気分解水(酸性水)が使用される。4.5
〜2.0のpHを有する酸性水は水に上記のpHを得るのに必
要な量の酸性物質、特に、有機酸、例えば、クエン酸、
乳酸、酢酸等を溶解させることにより調製し得る。ま
た、酸性水としては、市販の酸性電気分解水又は公知の
方法に従って通常の井水等を電気分解することにより得
られる酸性電気分解水も使用し得る。例えば、電気分解
水は市販の強酸性イオン水生成器等を利用することによ
り調製し得る。As the acidic water to be sprayed on the grains in the above step of the present invention, acidic water having a pH of 4.5 to 2.0, which is harmless to the human body, or electrolyzed water (acidic water having an oxidation-reduction potential of 600 millivolts to 1500 millivolts) is used. Water) is used. 4.5
Acidic water having a pH of ~ 2.0 is the amount of acidic substance necessary to obtain the above pH in water, especially organic acids, such as citric acid,
It can be prepared by dissolving lactic acid, acetic acid and the like. As the acidic water, commercially available acidic electrolyzed water or acidic electrolyzed water obtained by electrolyzing ordinary well water or the like according to a known method may be used. For example, electrolyzed water can be prepared by using a commercially available strongly acidic ionized water generator or the like.
【0010】上記の工程で使用される生澱粉糖化酵素産
生性菌(麹菌)としては、従来、穀類から酒類を製造す
るのに使用されている市販の麹菌の任意のもの、例え
ば、 焼酎用河内菌白麹(Aspergillus awamori var Kawachi
i) 焼酎用河内菌白麹(Aspergillus awamori mut Kawachi
i)(AspergillusKawachii KITAHARA) 焼酎用泡盛黒麹(Aspergillus awamori var Kawachii) 等を使用し得る。As the raw starch saccharifying enzyme-producing bacterium (aspergillus) used in the above step, any of commercially available aspergillus which has been conventionally used for producing alcoholic beverages from cereals, for example, shochu shochu Aspergillus awamori var Kawachi
i) Aspergillus awamori mut Kawachi
i) (Aspergillus Kawachii KITAHARA) Awamori black koji (Aspergillus awamori var Kawachii) for shochu can be used.
【0011】ついで、かく得られた麹に、麹重量の150
%程度の水道水又は井水又は水道水と酵母菌を添加して
もろみを作り、15〜30℃、通常、20〜30℃の温度で発酵
させる。約2週間程度、発酵を行うことによりアルコー
ル濃度が17〜18%の熟成もろみが得られる。この熟成も
ろみを従来の方法に従って濾過する(搾る)ことにより
醸造酒が得られ、また、上記の熟成もろみ又は醸造酒を
蒸留することにより焼酎が得られる。かく得られた酒類
は、蒸煮穀類から得られたものとは異なる独特の旨い風
味を有する。Then, the thus obtained koji was added to the koji weight of 150
% Tap water or well water or tap water and yeast are added to make a mash, which is fermented at a temperature of 15 to 30 ° C., usually 20 to 30 ° C. By fermenting for about 2 weeks, aged moromi with an alcohol concentration of 17-18% can be obtained. Brewed liquor is obtained by filtering (squeezing) this aged moromi according to a conventional method, and shochu is obtained by distilling the aged moromi or brewed liquor. The liquor thus obtained has a unique delicious flavor different from that obtained from steamed cereals.
【0012】[0012]
【実施例】以下に本発明の実施例を示す。Examples of the present invention will be described below.
【0013】実施例1 内地産粳くず米(粒径2〜3mm程度)2kgにpH4.0のクエン
酸水溶液を、原料米重量の15〜20重量%程度の量(約300
g〜400g)散布し、攪拌したた後、30分間放置して有害細
菌の発育を抑制した。ついで、麹菌種として、焼酎用河
内菌白麹(Aspergillus awamori var Kawachii、(株)河
内源一郎商店から入手)3gを散布、攪拌した後、36〜3
8℃に保持した通風製麹恒温器内で培養した。この工程
で散布したクエン酸水溶液(酸性水)は、当初は、生米
の表面を濡れた状態にして細菌の滅菌効果又は細菌の発
育の抑制効果を発揮するが、散布後、30分間放置する
と、水分が米粒に吸収され、そのため、生米はさらさら
した、僅かに湿り気のある感触を保持していた。 Example 1 2 kg of domestic waste dreg rice (particle size of about 2 to 3 mm) and an aqueous citric acid solution having a pH of 4.0 were added in an amount of about 15 to 20% by weight of the raw rice (about 300
(g ~ 400g), sprayed, stirred and allowed to stand for 30 minutes to suppress the growth of harmful bacteria. Then, 3 g of Aspergillus oryzae species, Koji Kochi Shiro-koji (aspergillus awamori var Kawachii, obtained from Kawachi Genichiro Shoten Co., Ltd.) was sprayed and stirred, and then 36 to 3
The cells were cultured in a ventilated koji thermostat maintained at 8 ° C. The citric acid aqueous solution (acidic water) sprayed in this step initially makes the surface of the raw rice wet and exerts a sterilizing effect on bacteria or an effect of suppressing the growth of bacteria, but if left for 30 minutes after spraying. Moisture was absorbed by the rice grains, so that the raw rice retained a dry, slightly moist feel.
【0014】種麹の接種後、麹が発育して、麹温度が上
昇し始めるので、麹温度が常に37℃程度に保持されるよ
うに、適宜、通風しながら製麹を行った(通風は、種麹
の接種後、約10時間経過してから開始した)。After the inoculation of the seed koji, the koji starts to grow and the koji temperature begins to rise. Therefore, the koji was appropriately made while ventilating so that the koji temperature was always maintained at about 37 ° C. , About 10 hours after inoculation with seed koji).
【0015】種麹の接種後、20時間経過すると、麹の発
熱が順調であり、麹の発育が旺盛になったことが認めら
れたので、更に麹の発育を促進するために、常温の酸性
水又は水道水300ccを散水し、攪拌して、麹に均一に吸
収させた(この時点での麹の水分は33%)。20 hours after the inoculation of the seed koji, it was confirmed that the fever of the koji was good and the growth of the koji was vigorous. Therefore, in order to further promote the growth of the koji, acidification at room temperature 300 cc of water or tap water was sprinkled and stirred to allow the malt to be absorbed uniformly (the water content of malt at this point was 33%).
【0016】その後、麹の発育は更に旺盛になるが、前
記したごとく温度が37℃程度に保持されるように、適
宜、通風しながら培養を続行し、更に9時間経過後(即
ち、種麹の接種後29時間後)、水道水350ccを散水し、
攪拌して水分を補給し(この時点での麹の水分は36.1
%)、更に製麹を続行した。種麹の接種後40時間後に生
米麹の製造は完了した。この麹菌は生澱粉糖化酵素を豊
富に含有している。Thereafter, although the growth of koji becomes more vigorous, the culture is continued while appropriately ventilating so that the temperature is maintained at about 37 ° C. as described above, and after 9 hours (ie, seed koji). (29 hours after inoculation), sprinkle 350cc of tap water,
Stir to rehydrate (Koji's water content at this point is 36.1
%), And the koji making was continued. The production of raw rice koji was completed 40 hours after the inoculation of the seed koji. This koji mold is rich in raw starch saccharifying enzyme.
【0017】かく製造された生米麹に水3リットルと酵
母菌培養液100ccを添加した後、20〜25℃で発酵させる
と、麹が保有する生澱粉糖化酵素の作用(糖化作用)と
酵母菌の作用(アルコール発酵作用)とにより、順調に
アルコール発酵が進行して、14日後にはアルコール分が
18.5%に達した。もろみ総量は4885ccであった。After adding 3 liters of water and 100 cc of yeast culture solution to the raw rice koji thus produced and fermenting at 20 to 25 ° C., the action of the raw starch saccharifying enzyme (saccharification action) possessed by the koji and the yeast Due to the action of the bacteria (alcohol fermentation action), alcohol fermentation proceeds smoothly, and after 14 days the alcohol content is reduced.
Reached 18.5%. The total amount of moromi was 4885cc.
【0018】この場合、原料生米麹から得られた純アル
コールの量は、原料米1kg当り、451.8ccであり、発酵
歩合は蒸煮米麹の場合と全く同等であった[純アルコー
ル量:4885cc x 0.185 = 903.7cc;原料米1kg当りの生
成アルコール量:903.7÷2=451.8cc]。In this case, the amount of pure alcohol obtained from raw raw rice koji was 451.8 cc per 1 kg of raw rice, and the fermentation rate was exactly the same as that of steamed rice koji [pure alcohol: 4885 cc. x 0.185 = 903.7 cc; amount of alcohol produced per 1 kg of raw rice: 903.7 / 2 = 451.8 cc].
【0019】上記で得られた発酵もろみを濾過すること
により、生米由来の独特の香味を有するかつ適度な酸味
を有する、切れのよい醸造酒が得られた。また、上記発
酵もろみを直接、又は、上記発酵もろみの濾過により得
られる濾液(醸造酒)を常圧蒸留することにより、従来
の焼酎より甘みの多い、切れのよい焼酎が得られた。実施例2 酸性水として実施例1で使用したクエン酸水溶液の代わ
りに、市販の酸性電気分解水(pH2.6、酸化還元電位126
0ミリボルト、(株)ハルコエンジニアリング社製品)を
使用したこと以外、実施例1と同様の方法を行った場合
にも、実施例1と同様の結果がられた。By filtering the fermented mash obtained above, a sharp brewed sake having a unique flavor derived from raw rice and an appropriate sourness was obtained. Moreover, the above-mentioned fermentation mash was directly obtained, or the filtrate (brewed liquor) obtained by filtration of the above fermentation mash was subjected to atmospheric distillation to obtain shochu which had a sweeter taste and was sharper than conventional shochu. Example 2 Instead of the aqueous citric acid solution used in Example 1 as acidic water, commercially available acidic electrolyzed water (pH 2.6, redox potential 126
The same results as in Example 1 were obtained when the same method as in Example 1 was carried out except that 0 millivolt, a product of Harco Engineering Co., Ltd.) was used.
【0020】なお、残留雑菌数は、クエン酸水溶液を使
用した場合、麹1g当り、104〜105個であり、酸性電気
分解水を使用した場合、103〜104個であった。従って、
雑菌の抑制という点からは酸性電気分解水を使用するこ
とがより好ましい。The number of residual bacteria was 10 4 to 10 5 per 1 g of koji when the aqueous solution of citric acid was used, and 10 3 to 10 4 when the acidic electrolyzed water was used. Therefore,
It is more preferable to use acidic electrolyzed water from the viewpoint of suppressing various bacteria.
Claims (1)
還元電位が600〜1500ミリボルトの電気分解水を穀類重
量の15〜25%の量で散布して、麹の形成に有害な細菌類
を滅菌するか又はその発育を抑制した後、生澱粉糖化酵
素産生性の菌種の種菌を接種し、菌の発育状態に応じて
水分を補給しながら、30〜40℃の温度で40〜50時間培養
して麹を製造し、得られた麹に水又は水と酵母菌を添加
した後、15〜30℃の温度で発酵させて発酵もろみを製造
しついでかく得られた発酵もろみから醸造酒を得るか又
は焼酎を得ることを特徴とする無蒸煮穀類からの酒類の
製造法。1. A method of spraying raw cereal with acidic water having a pH of 4.5 to 2.0 or electrolyzed water having a redox potential of 600 to 1500 millivolts in an amount of 15 to 25% of the weight of the cereal, which is harmful to the formation of koji. After sterilizing various bacteria or suppressing their growth, inoculate the seeds of raw starch saccharifying enzyme-producing bacterial species, and at a temperature of 30-40 ° C while supplying water according to the growth state of the bacteria. 40 to 50 hours of culture to produce koji, after adding water or water and yeast to the obtained koji, fermented at a temperature of 15 to 30 ° C. to produce fermented moromi and then fermented mash A method for producing liquor from non-steamed cereals, which comprises obtaining brewed sake or shochu from
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP8908596A JP2923469B2 (en) | 1996-04-11 | 1996-04-11 | A method for producing alcoholic beverages from uncooked cereals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8908596A JP2923469B2 (en) | 1996-04-11 | 1996-04-11 | A method for producing alcoholic beverages from uncooked cereals |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPH09275965A true JPH09275965A (en) | 1997-10-28 |
JP2923469B2 JP2923469B2 (en) | 1999-07-26 |
Family
ID=13961037
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JP8908596A Expired - Fee Related JP2923469B2 (en) | 1996-04-11 | 1996-04-11 | A method for producing alcoholic beverages from uncooked cereals |
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KR102014930B1 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-09-09 | 주식회사 플레이그라운드브루어리 | Manufacturing method of fruit beer with excellent Sensory characteristics |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR100905820B1 (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2009-07-02 | 충청남도 연기군(연기군농업기술센터) | Peach Liquor Manufacturing Method |
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1996
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100761367B1 (en) * | 2005-07-04 | 2007-10-05 | 류이하 | Liquor based on starch material and method for manufacturing the same |
WO2013137442A1 (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2013-09-19 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | Method for producing mochi-koji |
TWI577294B (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2017-04-11 | Suntory Holdings Ltd | Cake and its manufacturing methods, as well as the use of cake yeast |
KR102014930B1 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-09-09 | 주식회사 플레이그라운드브루어리 | Manufacturing method of fruit beer with excellent Sensory characteristics |
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