JPH0927310A - Sealed storage battery - Google Patents
Sealed storage batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0927310A JPH0927310A JP7177043A JP17704395A JPH0927310A JP H0927310 A JPH0927310 A JP H0927310A JP 7177043 A JP7177043 A JP 7177043A JP 17704395 A JP17704395 A JP 17704395A JP H0927310 A JPH0927310 A JP H0927310A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- safety valve
- valve
- storage battery
- battery
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
- H01M50/333—Spring-loaded vent valves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、電池内圧が異常に
上昇したときに開弁して、電池の破損を防止する安全弁
を内蔵する密閉型蓄電池に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sealed storage battery having a built-in safety valve that opens when the internal pressure of a battery rises abnormally and prevents the battery from being damaged.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】アルカリ蓄電池等の従来の密閉型蓄電池
は、安全弁を内蔵している。安全弁は、電池内部にガス
が発生して、内部の圧力が上昇したときに開弁されて、
電池内部のガスを外装缶の外に放出して、外装缶が破裂
するのを防止する。電池の外装缶は、内圧が異常に上昇
すると、開口部を気密に閉塞している封口部が破損す
る。高圧ガスに起因する封口部の破損は、高圧液体に起
因する破壊に比較して損傷が大きくなる。液体は圧縮性
がないので、極微量を排出して圧力を急激に低下できる
が、ガスは圧縮性があるので、微量を排出しても直ちに
圧力が低下せず、封口部に連続的に圧力が作用して破損
させるからである。2. Description of the Related Art Conventional sealed storage batteries such as alkaline storage batteries have a built-in safety valve. The safety valve is opened when gas is generated inside the battery and the internal pressure rises,
The gas inside the battery is released to the outside of the outer can to prevent the outer can from bursting. When the internal pressure rises abnormally in the outer can of the battery, the sealing portion that hermetically closes the opening is damaged. The damage to the sealing portion due to the high-pressure gas is larger than the damage due to the high-pressure liquid. Since liquid is not compressible, a very small amount of gas can be discharged to sharply reduce the pressure.However, since gas is compressible, the pressure does not immediately drop even if a small amount of gas is discharged, and the pressure is continuously applied to the sealing part. Because it acts and damages.
【０００３】密閉型の蓄電池は、使用環境によって一時
的に内圧が上昇することがある。たとえば、大電流で放
電したり、あるいは過充電するとガスが発生して、電池
内圧が上昇することがある。このとき、安全弁が作動し
てガスを排出する。電池内圧が正常な値に低下すると、
安全弁は閉弁する。安全弁が閉弁すると、密閉型蓄電池
は再使用できる状態となる。安全弁が開弁したときに、
少量のガスが排出されて、電池性能は多少低下するが、
再使用できる状態に復元する。密閉型の二次電池は、充
電して、繰り返し使用可能であることから、安全弁を作
動後においても自己復帰させて使用可能な構造としてい
る。The internal pressure of a sealed type storage battery may temporarily rise depending on the use environment. For example, when discharged with a large current or overcharged, gas may be generated and the internal pressure of the battery may rise. At this time, the safety valve operates to discharge the gas. When the battery pressure drops to a normal value,
The safety valve closes. When the safety valve is closed, the sealed storage battery is ready for reuse. When the safety valve opens,
Although a small amount of gas is discharged, the battery performance will drop slightly,
Restore it to a state where it can be reused. Since the sealed type secondary battery can be charged and used repeatedly, it has a structure in which the safety valve can be used by self-returning even after operation.
【０００４】自己復帰する安全弁を内蔵する従来の密閉
型蓄電池の断面構造を図１に示す。この図の密閉型蓄電
池の安全弁２は、電池内圧が上昇すると開弁し、内圧が
低下すると閉弁できるように、弾性を有するバネ６を内
蔵している。バネ６は弁体７を、封口蓋８を構成する電
極プレート８Ｂの下面にスポット溶接された弁座板８Ａ
の上面に、弾性的に押圧している。弁座板８Ａは貫通孔
１０があり、この貫通孔１０をバネ６で押圧される弁体
７で閉塞して閉弁している。この構造の密閉型蓄電池
は、電池内圧が上昇すると、弁体７が押し上げられて、
弁座板８Ａの貫通孔１０が開口される。貫通孔１０が開
口されると、電池内のガスは、貫通孔１０を通過して、
封口蓋８に開口された排気孔（図示せず）を通過して、
電池の外に排出される。電池内圧が低下すると、バネ６
が弁体７を弁座板８Ａに押し付けて、貫通孔１０を閉塞
し、安全弁２を閉弁する。この図の密閉型蓄電池は、バ
ネ６で弁体７を押圧しているが、バネに代わってゴムで
貫通孔１０を閉塞することもできる。ゴムは弁体を使用
することなく、直接に貫通孔を閉塞する構造とすること
もできる。FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional structure of a conventional sealed type storage battery having a built-in self-returning safety valve. The safety valve 2 of the sealed type storage battery in this figure has a spring 6 having elasticity so that it can be opened when the internal pressure of the battery rises and closed when the internal pressure falls. The spring 6 is a valve seat plate 8A in which the valve body 7 is spot-welded to the lower surface of the electrode plate 8B forming the sealing lid 8.
Is elastically pressed against the upper surface of the. The valve seat plate 8A has a through hole 10, and the through hole 10 is closed by a valve body 7 pressed by a spring 6 to close the valve. In the sealed storage battery of this structure, when the battery internal pressure rises, the valve body 7 is pushed up,
The through hole 10 of the valve seat plate 8A is opened. When the through hole 10 is opened, the gas in the battery passes through the through hole 10,
After passing through an exhaust hole (not shown) formed in the sealing lid 8,
Discharged out of the battery. When the battery internal pressure drops, the spring 6
Presses the valve element 7 against the valve seat plate 8A to close the through hole 10 and close the safety valve 2. In the sealed storage battery of this figure, the valve body 7 is pressed by the spring 6, but the through hole 10 can be closed with rubber instead of the spring. The rubber may have a structure that directly closes the through hole without using a valve body.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】図１に示すように、自
己復帰する安全弁を内蔵する密閉型蓄電池は、安全弁作
動後に、弾性により弁体が自己復帰してもとの位置にも
どり、電池内部を密閉状態に保持して、電池として使用
できる特長がある。As shown in FIG. 1, in a sealed storage battery having a self-returning safety valve built-in, after the safety valve is actuated, the valve body returns to its original position due to elasticity and returns to its original position. It has the feature that it can be used as a battery by keeping it sealed.
【０００６】ところが、ゴムの弾性で閉弁する安全弁を
内蔵する密閉型蓄電池は、電池の過大電流によって温度
が上昇して、ゴムが溶融、硬化して弁孔を塞いで正常に
作動しなくなることがある。また、バネを内蔵する安全
弁は、さびの発生により、弁体が正常に作動しなくなる
ことがある。安全弁が正常に作動しなくなった密閉型蓄
電池は、電池内部圧力が上昇したときに、電池の封口部
が破壊されて、内部ガスを電池外に放出する。さらに、
密閉型蓄電池はつねに適正な状況で使用されず、異常な
方法で使用されることがある。このとき、安全弁のガス
排出能力を越えて電池内部圧力が急激に上昇すると、電
池の封口が破損することがある。However, in a sealed storage battery having a safety valve that closes due to the elasticity of rubber, the temperature rises due to excessive battery current, and the rubber melts and hardens, blocking the valve hole and preventing normal operation. There is. Further, in a safety valve having a built-in spring, the valve element may not operate normally due to the generation of rust. When the internal pressure of the battery rises, the sealed storage battery in which the safety valve does not operate normally breaks the sealing portion of the battery and releases the internal gas to the outside of the battery. further,
Sealed batteries are not always used in the right circumstances and may be used in unusual ways. At this time, if the internal pressure of the battery suddenly rises beyond the gas discharge capacity of the safety valve, the battery seal may be damaged.
【０００７】これらの弊害は、機械的に作動する安全弁
の故障を皆無にすれば解消できる。極めて簡単な構造
で、電池内圧が異常に上昇したときに確実に開弁する安
全弁として、外装缶に溝状の肉薄部を設けた密閉型蓄電
池が開発されている（実開平６−３８１５５号公報、実
公平５−４２０４号公報）。これ等の公報に記載される
密閉型蓄電池は、外装缶の内面、あるいは外面に、安全
弁として溝状の肉薄部を設けている。外装缶の溝状の肉
薄部の部分は破損しやすいので、電池内圧が異常に高く
なったときに、この部分で破損して、ガスを放出でき
る。この構造の安全弁は、構造が極めて簡単であるため
に、確実に作動する特長がある。しかしながら、この構
造の密閉型蓄電池は、安全弁が開弁した後は、電池とし
て使用できなくなる欠点がある。安全弁が自己復帰しな
いからである。このため、この構造の密閉型蓄電池は、
外装缶の破裂を有効に阻止できるが、電池を有効利用で
きない欠点がある。These adverse effects can be solved by eliminating the mechanical failure of the safety valve. As a safety valve with an extremely simple structure that reliably opens when the battery internal pressure rises abnormally, a sealed type storage battery having a groove-shaped thin portion in an outer can has been developed (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-38155). , Jikken 5-4204). The sealed storage batteries described in these publications are provided with a groove-shaped thin portion as a safety valve on the inner surface or the outer surface of the outer can. Since the groove-shaped thin-walled portion of the outer can easily breaks, when the battery internal pressure becomes abnormally high, this portion breaks and gas can be released. The safety valve of this structure has a characteristic that it operates reliably because of its extremely simple structure. However, the sealed storage battery having this structure has a drawback that it cannot be used as a battery after the safety valve is opened. This is because the safety valve does not recover itself. Therefore, the sealed storage battery with this structure is
Although the bursting of the outer can can be effectively prevented, there is a drawback that the battery cannot be effectively used.
【０００８】本発明は、さらにこの欠点を解決すること
を目的に開発されたもので、本発明の重要な目的は、外
装缶の破裂を有効に防止できると共に、電池内圧が異常
に上昇して安全弁が開弁しても、再び安全弁を閉弁して
電池として有効に使用できる密閉型蓄電池を提供するこ
とにある。The present invention was further developed with the object of solving this drawback. An important object of the present invention is to effectively prevent the outer can from rupturing and to raise the battery internal pressure abnormally. An object of the present invention is to provide a sealed storage battery that can be effectively used as a battery by closing the safety valve again even if the safety valve opens.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の密閉型蓄電池
は、前述の目的を達成するために下記の構成を備える。
密閉型蓄電池は、外装缶１の開口部を封口蓋８で密閉し
ている。外装缶１の開口部は、封口蓋８の外周をガスケ
ットを介してかしめて密閉し、あるいはレーザー溶接し
て密閉している。外装缶１は、電池内圧が異常に上昇し
たときに開弁して内圧上昇を防止する安全弁２を備え
る。The sealed type storage battery of the present invention has the following constitution in order to achieve the above-mentioned object.
In the sealed storage battery, the opening of the outer can 1 is sealed with a sealing lid 8. The opening of the outer can 1 is sealed by caulking the outer periphery of the sealing lid 8 with a gasket or laser welding. The outer can 1 is provided with a safety valve 2 that opens when the battery internal pressure rises abnormally to prevent the internal pressure from rising.
【００１０】さらに、本発明の密閉型蓄電池は、安全弁
２を、第１安全弁２Ａと第２安全弁２Ｂで構成する。第
１安全弁２Ａの開弁する作動圧は、第２安全弁２Ｂの作
動圧よりも低く設定されている。さらに、第２安全弁２
Ｂの作動圧は、封口部３が破損する破損圧力よりも低く
設定されている。さらにまた、第１安全弁２Ａは電池内
圧の上昇により弁作動後自己復帰し、第２安全弁２Ｂは
弁作動後に自己復帰しないものである。この構造の密閉
型蓄電池は、電池内圧が上昇すると第１安全弁２Ａが作
動し、第１安全弁２Ａに異常が起こり作動しない場合に
は第２安全弁２Ｂが開弁して電池内圧の上昇を防止す
る。また、第１安全弁２Ａのガス排出能力を超える急激
な電池内圧の上昇が生じた場合には、第１安全弁２Ａが
作動すると共に、第２安全弁２Ｂも開弁して電池内圧の
上昇を防止する。Further, in the sealed storage battery of the present invention, the safety valve 2 is composed of the first safety valve 2A and the second safety valve 2B. The operating pressure for opening the first safety valve 2A is set lower than the operating pressure for the second safety valve 2B. In addition, the second safety valve 2
The operating pressure of B is set to be lower than the damage pressure at which the sealing portion 3 is damaged. Furthermore, the first safety valve 2A self-returns after the valve operation due to the increase in the battery internal pressure, and the second safety valve 2B does not self-return after the valve operation. In the sealed type storage battery having this structure, the first safety valve 2A operates when the battery internal pressure rises, and the second safety valve 2B opens when the first safety valve 2A malfunctions and does not operate to prevent the battery internal pressure rise. . In addition, when a sudden increase in the battery internal pressure that exceeds the gas discharge capacity of the first safety valve 2A occurs, the first safety valve 2A operates and the second safety valve 2B also opens to prevent the increase in the battery internal pressure. .
【００１１】さらに、本発明の請求項２に記載される密
閉型蓄電池は、第１安全弁２Ａを、弾性変形する弾性体
４を内蔵する構造とし、電池内圧の上昇により弁作動す
るものとする。第２安全弁２Ｂは外装缶１に溝状の肉薄
部５を形成してなり、電池内圧の上昇時に溝状の肉薄部
５が亀裂することで弁作動するものである。Further, in the sealed type storage battery according to the second aspect of the present invention, the first safety valve 2A has a structure in which the elastic body 4 which elastically deforms is built in, and the valve operates when the internal pressure of the battery rises. The second safety valve 2B is formed by forming a groove-shaped thin portion 5 on the outer can 1, and operates when the groove-shaped thin portion 5 cracks when the battery internal pressure rises.
【００１２】さらに、本発明の請求項３に記載される密
閉型蓄電池は、金属板をプレス成形して製造された外装
缶１を、非アニール処理の有底筒状とする。この外装缶
１の底面の中央から外れた部分に、第２安全弁２Ｂを構
成する溝状の肉薄部５を設けていることを特徴とする。Further, in the sealed type storage battery according to claim 3 of the present invention, the outer can 1 manufactured by press-molding a metal plate has a non-annealed bottomed cylindrical shape. The outer can 1 is characterized in that a groove-shaped thin portion 5 forming the second safety valve 2B is provided at a portion deviated from the center of the bottom surface.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて説明する。ただし、以下に示す実施の形態
は、本発明の技術思想を具体化するための密閉型蓄電池
を例示するものであって、本発明は密閉型蓄電池を下記
のものに特定しない。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below exemplifies a sealed storage battery for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the sealed storage battery as the following.
【００１４】さらに、この明細書は、特許請求の範囲を
理解し易いように、実施の形態に示される部材に対応す
る番号を、「特許請求の範囲の欄」、および「課題を解
決するための手段の欄」に示される部材に付記してい
る。ただ、特許請求の範囲に示される部材を、実施の形
態の部材に特定するものでは決してない。Further, in this specification, in order to make it easy to understand the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members described in the embodiments are referred to as "claims" and " In the column of “Means of the above”. However, the members described in the claims are not limited to the members of the embodiments.
【００１５】図２ないし図３に示す密閉型蓄電池は、円
筒状のニッケル−カドミウム二次電池で、外装缶１に、
電極体と電解液を充填している。外装缶１は、開口部
を、封口蓋８で気密に閉塞している。図に示す密閉型蓄
電池はニッケル−カドミウム電池であるが、本発明は電
池をニッケル−カドミウム電池に特定しない。密閉型蓄
電池は、たとえば、ニッケル−水素電池やリチウムイオ
ン二次電池等とすることもできる。ニッケル−カドミウ
ム電池である密閉型蓄電池は、電極体の−極を外装缶１
に接続し、＋極を封口蓋８に電気接続している。The sealed type storage battery shown in FIGS. 2 to 3 is a cylindrical nickel-cadmium secondary battery.
The electrode body and the electrolyte are filled. The outer can 1 has an opening hermetically closed by a sealing lid 8. Although the sealed storage battery shown is a nickel-cadmium battery, the present invention does not specify the battery as a nickel-cadmium battery. The sealed storage battery may be, for example, a nickel-metal hydride battery or a lithium ion secondary battery. A sealed storage battery, which is a nickel-cadmium battery, has a negative electrode of an electrode body as an outer can 1.
, And the + pole is electrically connected to the sealing lid 8.
【００１６】外装缶１は、有底円筒状に成形されてい
る。この外装缶１は、開口部に封口蓋８をかしめて固定
して、気密に閉塞している。封口蓋８と外装缶１の間に
は、絶縁ガスケットを挟着している。絶縁ガスケットは
外装缶１と封口蓋８とを電気的に絶縁するとともに、こ
の間のガス漏れを防止している。The outer can 1 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape. The exterior can 1 is airtightly closed by caulking and fixing a sealing lid 8 at the opening. An insulating gasket is sandwiched between the sealing lid 8 and the outer can 1. The insulating gasket electrically insulates the outer can 1 and the sealing lid 8 and prevents gas leakage between them.
【００１７】封口蓋８は、弁座板８Ａの上面に電極プレ
ート８Ｂを気密にスポット溶接している。電極プレート
８Ｂは中央部を上方に突出し、弁座板８Ａは中央部を下
方に突出させて、電極プレート８Ｂと弁座板８Ａの間
に、第１安全弁２Ａであるバネ６と弁体７とを配設して
いる。電極プレート８Ｂとバネ６と弁体７と弁座板８Ａ
を分解した状態を図５に示している。弁座板８Ａは中心
に貫通孔１０を開口している。貫通孔１０の外周縁に
は、弁体７を気密に密着させる凸部１１を設けている。
弁体７は金属板９の下面にゴム１２を積層している。弁
体７が弁座板８Ａの貫通孔１０を閉塞するために、弁体
７は貫通孔１０の上面に、バネ６で弾性的に押圧されて
いる。貫通孔１０に押圧される弁体７は、貫通孔１０を
気密に閉塞して第１安全弁２Ａを閉弁状態に保持する。
バネ６は、第１安全弁２Ａに内蔵される弾性変形する弾
性体４であり、下方に向かって巻き径が次第に小さくな
る渦巻状のコイルバネである。The sealing lid 8 is formed by air-tightly spot-welding the electrode plate 8B to the upper surface of the valve seat plate 8A. The electrode plate 8B has a central portion protruding upward, and the valve seat plate 8A has a central portion protruding downward so that the spring 6 and the valve body 7 as the first safety valve 2A are provided between the electrode plate 8B and the valve seat plate 8A. Are installed. Electrode plate 8B, spring 6, valve body 7 and valve seat plate 8A
FIG. 5 shows a state in which the is disassembled. The through hole 10 is opened at the center of the valve seat plate 8A. The outer peripheral edge of the through hole 10 is provided with a convex portion 11 for airtightly adhering the valve body 7.
The valve body 7 has a rubber plate 12 laminated on the lower surface of a metal plate 9. Since the valve body 7 closes the through hole 10 of the valve seat plate 8A, the valve body 7 is elastically pressed by the spring 6 against the upper surface of the through hole 10. The valve body 7 pressed by the through hole 10 hermetically closes the through hole 10 and holds the first safety valve 2A in the closed state.
The spring 6 is an elastic body 4 that is elastically deformed and is built in the first safety valve 2A, and is a spiral coil spring whose winding diameter gradually decreases downward.
【００１８】この構造の第１安全弁２Ａは、電池内圧が
設定圧よりも低いときに閉弁状態に保持される。バネ６
が弁体７を弁座板８Ａに押し付けて貫通孔１０を閉塞し
ているからである。電池内圧が上昇すると、貫通孔１０
に作用するガス圧が弁体７を押し上げて開弁する。この
状態になると、電池内のガスは、弁座板８Ａの貫通孔１
０と、封口蓋８のガス抜孔１３を通過して電池外に放出
される。封口蓋８の電極プレート８Ｂには、図２に示す
ように、凸部１４との境界部分にガス抜孔１３を開口し
ている。弁体７が貫通孔１０から離れる電池内圧、いい
かえると第１安全弁２Ａが開弁する作動圧は、たとえ
ば、ニッケル−カドミウム電池の場合は約２０±５ｋｇ
／ｃｍ2に設定される。第１安全弁２Ａの作動圧は、電
池の外装缶１が破裂する圧力に比較して充分に低い圧力
に設定される。The first safety valve 2A of this structure is kept closed when the battery internal pressure is lower than the set pressure. Spring 6
This is because the valve body 7 is pressed against the valve seat plate 8A to close the through hole 10. When the battery internal pressure rises, the through hole 10
The gas pressure acting on the valve pushes up the valve element 7 to open it. In this state, the gas in the battery will pass through the through hole 1 of the valve seat plate 8A.
0, the gas passes through the gas vent hole 13 of the sealing lid 8 and is discharged to the outside of the battery. As shown in FIG. 2, the electrode plate 8 </ b> B of the sealing lid 8 is provided with a gas vent hole 13 at the boundary with the convex portion 14. The battery internal pressure at which the valve body 7 separates from the through hole 10, in other words, the operating pressure at which the first safety valve 2A opens is, for example, about 20 ± 5 kg in the case of a nickel-cadmium battery.
/ Cm 2 is set. The operating pressure of the first safety valve 2A is set to a pressure sufficiently lower than the pressure at which the battery outer can 1 bursts.
【００１９】外装缶１は、鉄板等の金属板をプレスし
て、底のある円筒状、すなわち有底筒状に成形して製造
される。鉄板製の外装缶１は、プレス加工した後に、あ
るいはプレス加工する前工程で、表面にニッケル等のメ
ッキを施している。ただし、外装缶１は、プレス成形の
後に、アニール処理はしない。プレス加工に起因する加
工硬化を有効に利用するためである。金属板は、プレス
加工するときに加工硬化して脆くなる性質がある。とく
に、図３に示すように、金属板を、直径よりも長い有底
筒状にプレス加工すると、金属板が強く引き伸ばされて
加工硬化する。外装缶１の一部が脆くなることは、好ま
しいことではなくて、むしろ欠点である。しかしなが
ら、本発明の密閉型蓄電池は、外装缶１が局部的に加工
硬化し脆くなることを有効に利用して、外装缶１の破裂
を確実に防止する。The outer can 1 is manufactured by pressing a metal plate such as an iron plate into a cylindrical shape having a bottom, that is, a cylindrical shape with a bottom. The outer can 1 made of an iron plate has a surface plated with nickel or the like after the press working or in a step before the press working. However, the outer can 1 is not annealed after press molding. This is for effectively utilizing work hardening caused by press working. The metal plate has a property of being work-hardened and becoming brittle when pressed. In particular, as shown in FIG. 3, when a metal plate is pressed into a cylindrical shape having a bottom longer than the diameter, the metal plate is strongly stretched and work-hardened. The fact that a part of the outer can 1 becomes brittle is not preferable but rather a drawback. However, the sealed storage battery of the present invention effectively prevents the outer can 1 from bursting by effectively utilizing that the outer can 1 locally becomes work-hardened and becomes brittle.
【００２０】プレス成形された外装缶１を詳細に観察す
ると、加工硬化の程度は、底の中心部よりも底の周縁で
甚だしくなる。金属板をプレス成形するときに、底の中
心部に比較して外周部が強い引張応力を受けるためであ
る。したがって、アニール処理をしていない外装缶１、
すなわち非アニール処理の外装缶１は、底の周縁部が加
工硬化された状態となって脆くなっている。When the press-molded outer can 1 is observed in detail, the degree of work hardening becomes greater at the periphery of the bottom than at the center of the bottom. This is because, when the metal plate is press-molded, the outer peripheral portion receives a stronger tensile stress than the central portion of the bottom. Therefore, the outer can 1, which is not annealed,
That is, the non-annealed outer can 1 is brittle with the peripheral edge of the bottom being work hardened.
【００２１】図４の底面図に示す外装缶１は、加工硬化
して脆くなっている底面の外周部に第２安全弁２Ｂを設
けている。第２安全弁２Ｂは、外装缶１の底面外周部に
設けた溝状の肉薄部５で構成される。溝状の肉薄部５の
第２安全弁２Ｂは、外装缶１をプレス成形するときに、
一部を薄く押し潰して加工される。プレスされるときに
薄く加工された第２安全弁２Ｂは、電池内圧が異常に上
昇したときに、破損してガスを放出する。第２安全弁２
Ｂである溝状の肉薄部５が破損してガスを放出する作動
圧は、第１安全弁２Ａの作動圧よりも高く、外装缶１の
開口部を密閉する封口部３が破損する圧力よりも低く設
計される。たとえば、外装缶１の封口部３が約６０ｋｇ
／ｃｍ2で破損するとすれば、第２安全弁２Ｂの溝状の
肉薄部５は、これよりも低く、第１安全弁２Ａの作動圧
である２０±５ｋｇ／ｃｍ2よりも高い圧力で破損する
ように設計される。第２安全弁２Ｂが開弁する作動圧
は、外装缶１に設ける溝状の肉薄部５の厚さで調整でき
る。外装缶１は、第２安全弁２Ｂである溝状の肉薄部５
によって局部的に薄くなるが、溝状の肉薄部５を薄くす
ると、第２安全弁２Ｂの作動圧は低くなる。反対に溝状
の肉薄部５を厚くすると第２安全弁２Ｂの作動圧を高く
設定できる。The outer can 1 shown in the bottom view of FIG. 4 is provided with a second safety valve 2B on the outer periphery of the bottom surface which is brittle due to work hardening. The second safety valve 2B is composed of a groove-shaped thin portion 5 provided on the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the outer can 1. The second safety valve 2B of the groove-shaped thin portion 5 is provided when the outer can 1 is press-molded.
It is processed by crushing a part thinly. The second safety valve 2B, which is thinly processed when pressed, breaks and releases gas when the battery internal pressure rises abnormally. Second safety valve 2
The operating pressure at which the groove-shaped thin portion 5 that is B breaks and releases gas is higher than the operating pressure of the first safety valve 2A, and higher than the pressure at which the sealing portion 3 that seals the opening of the outer can 1 is damaged. Designed low. For example, the sealing portion 3 of the outer can 1 is about 60 kg.
If it is damaged at / cm 2 , the groove-shaped thin portion 5 of the second safety valve 2B will be damaged at a pressure lower than this and higher than the operating pressure of the first safety valve 2A of 20 ± 5 kg / cm 2. Designed to. The operating pressure at which the second safety valve 2B opens can be adjusted by the thickness of the groove-shaped thin portion 5 provided in the outer can 1. The outer can 1 has a groove-shaped thin portion 5 which is the second safety valve 2B.
However, if the groove-shaped thin portion 5 is thinned, the operating pressure of the second safety valve 2B is lowered. On the contrary, if the groove-shaped thin portion 5 is thickened, the operating pressure of the second safety valve 2B can be set high.
【００２２】図４に示す外装缶１は、底面に、Ｘ字状の
溝状の肉薄部５を設けて第２安全弁２Ｂとしている。本
発明の密閉型蓄電池は、第２安全弁２Ｂの形状を特定し
ない。図６ないし図８は第２安全弁２Ｂの他の形状を示
している。図６の第２安全弁２Ｂは、半径方向の長溝に
交差して短い溝状の肉薄部５を設けている。図７と図８
の第２安全弁２Ｂは、平行に溝状の肉薄部５を設けてい
る。図に示す外装缶１は、外表面に溝状の肉薄部５を設
けて第２安全弁２Ｂとしている。外装缶１の内面に溝状
の肉薄部５を設けて第２安全弁２Ｂとすることもでき
る。The outer can 1 shown in FIG. 4 is provided with an X-shaped groove-shaped thin portion 5 on the bottom surface to form a second safety valve 2B. The sealed storage battery of the present invention does not specify the shape of the second safety valve 2B. 6 to 8 show another shape of the second safety valve 2B. The second safety valve 2B of FIG. 6 is provided with a short groove-shaped thin portion 5 that intersects the long groove in the radial direction. 7 and 8
The second safety valve 2B is provided with the groove-shaped thin portion 5 in parallel. The outer can 1 shown in the figure is provided with a groove-shaped thin portion 5 on the outer surface to form a second safety valve 2B. The groove-shaped thin portion 5 may be provided on the inner surface of the outer can 1 to form the second safety valve 2B.
【００２３】本発明の密閉型蓄電池は、第２安全弁２Ｂ
を溝状の肉薄部５に特定しない。図９に示すように、外
装缶１の底面の外周部に点状に肉薄部５を設けて第２安
全弁２Ｂとすることもできる。この構造の第２安全弁２
Ｂは、電池内圧が異常に上昇すると、点状の肉薄部５が
破損してガスを放出する。The sealed storage battery according to the present invention includes the second safety valve 2B.
Is not specified as the groove-shaped thin portion 5. As shown in FIG. 9, the thin portion 5 may be provided in a dot shape on the outer peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the outer can 1 to form the second safety valve 2B. Second safety valve 2 with this structure
In B, when the battery internal pressure rises abnormally, the dot-shaped thin portion 5 is broken and gas is released.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】本発明の請求項１と請求項２の密閉型蓄
電池は、自己復帰型の第１安全弁と、自己復帰しない第
２安全弁とを備え、第２安全弁の作動圧を第１安全弁の
作動圧よりも高く設定している。この構造の密閉型蓄電
池は、電池内圧が上昇した時に、通常は、第１安全弁が
開弁して、電池内圧が異常に上昇するのを防止する。し
かしながら、極めてまれな現象ではあるが、自己復帰型
である第１安全弁は正常に作動しないことがある。第１
安全弁の異常により、弁が作動しない場合、あるいは、
第１安全弁のガス排出能力を越える急激な圧力上昇が起
こった場合においても、本発明の密閉型蓄電池は、第２
安全弁が作動して、電池外に圧力を放出することが可能
である。The sealed storage battery according to claims 1 and 2 of the present invention comprises a first safety valve of self-reset type and a second safety valve which does not self-reset, and the working pressure of the second safety valve is the first safety valve. It is set higher than the operating pressure of. In the sealed type storage battery having this structure, when the battery internal pressure rises, the first safety valve is normally opened to prevent the battery internal pressure from rising abnormally. However, although it is an extremely rare phenomenon, the self-resetting first safety valve may not operate normally. First
If the valve does not work due to an abnormality in the safety valve, or
Even when a sudden pressure increase exceeding the gas discharge capacity of the first safety valve occurs, the sealed storage battery of the present invention is
The safety valve can be activated to release pressure outside the battery.
【００２５】さらに本発明の密閉型蓄電池は、第２安全
弁の作動圧を、第１安全弁の作動圧よりも高く設定して
いるので、一時的な電池内圧の上昇によって、自己復帰
機能をもたない第２安全弁が第１安全弁より先に作動
し、以後電池が使用できなくなることを防止ができる。Further, in the sealed type storage battery of the present invention, the operating pressure of the second safety valve is set higher than the operating pressure of the first safety valve, so that it has a self-recovery function due to a temporary increase in the battery internal pressure. It is possible to prevent the second safety valve, which is not present, from operating before the first safety valve, and the battery is no longer usable.
【００２６】電池内圧が上昇して密閉型蓄電池の封口部
が破損すると、電池内部に収容した部品が電池外に放出
される恐れがある。本発明の密閉型蓄電池は、第１安全
弁が作動しないときに、封口部が破損するよりも低い圧
力で第２安全弁が開弁する。このため、第１安全弁が作
動しないときに、電池内部の部品が破裂して放出される
ことがなく、安心して使用できる特長がある。If the internal pressure of the battery rises and the sealing portion of the sealed storage battery is damaged, the parts housed inside the battery may be discharged outside the battery. In the sealed storage battery of the present invention, when the first safety valve does not operate, the second safety valve opens at a pressure lower than that at which the sealing portion is damaged. For this reason, when the first safety valve does not operate, the parts inside the battery do not burst and are discharged, and there is a feature that it can be used with peace of mind.
【００２７】さらに、本発明の請求項３の密閉型蓄電池
は、金属板をプレス加工して外装缶を製造し、プレスさ
れた外装缶をアニール処理していない。このようにして
製造された外装缶の周縁部に第２安全弁を設けている。
プレスして製造された外装缶は、底部の中央部分に比較
して、底部の周辺部分が加工硬化して脆くなる。本発明
の密閉型蓄電池は、プレス加工して脆くなった外装缶の
底部の周辺部に第２安全弁を設けているので、第２安全
弁の開弁作動を確実にできる特長がある。外装缶は、ア
ニール処理して金属内の歪みを除くと、上記の効果がな
くなる。本発明の密閉型蓄電池は、外装缶に特別な処理
をして第２安全弁の部分を脆くするのではない。外装缶
を製造するときに脆くなる性質を有効に利用して、第２
安全弁を確実に作動させる。このため、製造工程を簡素
化して第２安全弁を確実に開弁して、外装缶の破裂を有
効に防止できる特長がある。さらに、本発明の密閉型蓄
電池は、第２安全弁を外装缶底部の周辺部に設けている
が、電池内圧が高くなるときに作用する応力は、中心部
よりもその周辺部に集中しやすい。このため、電池内圧
で第２安全弁をより確実に開弁できる特長がある。Further, in the sealed type storage battery according to claim 3 of the present invention, an outer can is manufactured by pressing a metal plate, and the pressed outer can is not annealed. A second safety valve is provided on the peripheral portion of the outer can thus manufactured.
The outer can produced by pressing is brittle due to work hardening in the peripheral portion of the bottom as compared with the central portion of the bottom. Since the sealed storage battery of the present invention is provided with the second safety valve in the peripheral portion of the bottom portion of the outer can that has been fragile by press working, it has a feature that the valve opening operation of the second safety valve can be surely performed. When the outer can is annealed to remove the strain in the metal, the above effect disappears. In the sealed storage battery of the present invention, the outer can is not specially treated to make the second safety valve portion brittle. By effectively utilizing the property of becoming brittle when manufacturing an outer can,
Make sure the safety valve is activated. Therefore, there is a feature that the manufacturing process can be simplified, the second safety valve can be reliably opened, and the rupture of the outer can can be effectively prevented. Further, in the sealed storage battery of the present invention, the second safety valve is provided in the peripheral portion of the bottom of the outer can, but the stress acting when the internal pressure of the battery is high is more likely to be concentrated in the peripheral portion than in the central portion. Therefore, there is a feature that the second safety valve can be more surely opened by the battery internal pressure.
【図１】自己復帰する安全弁を内蔵する従来の密閉型蓄
電池の断面図FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional sealed storage battery having a built-in self-returning safety valve.
【図２】本発明の密閉型蓄電池を示す平面図FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a sealed storage battery of the present invention.
【図３】図２に示す密閉型蓄電池のＡ−Ａ線断面図FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the sealed storage battery shown in FIG.
【図４】図２に示す密閉型蓄電池の底面図FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the sealed storage battery shown in FIG.
【図５】図２に示す密閉型蓄電池の電極プレートとバネ
と弁体と弁座板の分解断面図5 is an exploded sectional view of the electrode plate, the spring, the valve body, and the valve seat plate of the sealed storage battery shown in FIG.
【図６】本発明の他の実施の形態を示す密閉型蓄電池の
底面図FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the sealed storage battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の他の実施の形態を示す密閉型蓄電池の
底面図FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the sealed storage battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図８】本発明の他の実施の形態を示す密閉型蓄電池の
底面図FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the sealed storage battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図９】本発明の他の実施の形態を示す密閉型蓄電池の
底面図FIG. 9 is a bottom view of a sealed storage battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
１…外装缶 ２…安全弁 ２Ａ…第１安全弁 ２Ｂ
…第２安全弁 ３…封口部 ４…弾性体 ５…肉薄部 ６…バネ ７…弁体 ８…封口蓋 ８Ａ…弁座板 ８Ｂ
…電極プレート ９…金属板 １０…貫通孔 １１…凸部 １２…ゴム １３…ガス抜孔 １４…凸部1 ... Exterior can 2 ... Safety valve 2A ... 1st safety valve 2B
... Second safety valve 3 ... Sealing part 4 ... Elastic body 5 ... Thin part 6 ... Spring 7 ... Valve body 8 ... Sealing lid 8A ... Valve seat plate 8B
... Electrode plate 9 ... Metal plate 10 ... Through hole 11 ... Convex portion 12 ... Rubber 13 ... Gas vent hole 14 ... Convex portion
Claims (3)
缶(1)と、この外装缶(1)に設けられて、外装缶(1)の内
圧が異常に上昇したときに開弁して内圧上昇を防止する
安全弁(2)とを備える密閉型蓄電池において、 安全弁(2)が第１安全弁(2A)と第２安全弁(2B)とを備
え、第１安全弁(2A)が開弁する作動圧は、第２安全弁(2
B)の作動圧よりも低く、かつ第２安全弁(2B)の作動圧
は、封口部(3)が破損する破損圧力よりも低く設定され
ており、なおかつ、第１安全弁(2A)は電池内圧の上昇に
より弁作動後自己復帰するものであり、第２安全弁(2B)
は弁作動後に自己復帰しないものであることを特徴とす
る密閉型蓄電池。1. An outer can (1) whose opening is sealed with a sealing lid (8), and when the inner pressure of the outer can (1) is abnormally increased by being provided in the outer can (1). In a sealed battery having a safety valve (2) that opens to prevent an increase in internal pressure, the safety valve (2) includes a first safety valve (2A) and a second safety valve (2B), and the first safety valve (2A) is The operating pressure to open the valve is the second safety valve (2
The operating pressure of the second safety valve (2B) is lower than the operating pressure of B), and the operating pressure of the second safety valve (2B) is set lower than the damage pressure at which the sealing part (3) is damaged. The second safety valve (2B)
Is a sealed type storage battery characterized in that it does not self-reset after valve operation.
(4)を内蔵し、電池内圧の上昇により弁作動するもので
あり、 第２安全弁(2B)は外装缶(1)に肉薄部(5)を形成してな
り、電池内圧の上昇時に肉薄部(5)が亀裂することで弁
作動するものである請求項１に記載の密閉型蓄電池。2. The first safety valve (2A) is an elastic body that is elastically deformed.
(4) is built-in, and the valve operates when the internal pressure of the battery rises. The second safety valve (2B) has a thin part (5) formed on the outer can (1). The sealed storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the valve is operated by cracking (5).
缶(1)が、非アニール処理の有底筒状で、外装缶(1)の底
面の中央から外れた部分に第２安全弁(2B)を構成する肉
薄部(5)が設けられてなることを特徴とする請求項２に
記載の密閉型蓄電池。3. An outer can (1) manufactured by press-molding a metal plate is a non-annealed bottomed cylinder, and a second safety valve () is provided at a portion deviated from the center of the bottom surface of the outer can (1). The sealed storage battery according to claim 2, further comprising a thin portion (5) constituting 2B).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7177043A JPH0927310A (en) | 1995-07-13 | 1995-07-13 | Sealed storage battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7177043A JPH0927310A (en) | 1995-07-13 | 1995-07-13 | Sealed storage battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0927310A true JPH0927310A (en) | 1997-01-28 |
Family
ID=16024145
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7177043A Pending JPH0927310A (en) | 1995-07-13 | 1995-07-13 | Sealed storage battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0927310A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6689506B2 (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2004-02-10 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Sealed alkaline storage battery with safety vent unit |
| JP2008159313A (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-07-10 | Xerom:Kk | Safety valve structure for secondary battery, and manufacturing method therefor |
| KR20140091337A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-21 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | secondary battery |
| JP2014220150A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-11-20 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Power storage device, power storage module, and power storage unit |
-
1995
- 1995-07-13 JP JP7177043A patent/JPH0927310A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6689506B2 (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2004-02-10 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Sealed alkaline storage battery with safety vent unit |
| JP2008159313A (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-07-10 | Xerom:Kk | Safety valve structure for secondary battery, and manufacturing method therefor |
| KR20140091337A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-21 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | secondary battery |
| JP2014220150A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-11-20 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Power storage device, power storage module, and power storage unit |
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