JPH09263916A - Production of shape memory alloy tube - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily obtain a shape memory alloy tube having small diameter, thin thickness and long length by assembling the material prepared by coating the inner surface or the inner and outer surfaces of a tubular body made of the shape memory alloy with non-shape memory alloy while arranging a gap and removing the inner surface coat after hot-extending and deforming by turn-bending. SOLUTION: The tubular outer surface coating material 3 of a low carbon steel, etc., is fitted to the outer surface of the shape memory alloy-made tube base stock 2 and the inner surface coating material 4 of the low carbon steel, etc., is fitted to the inner part of the base stock 2. Sealing plates 5 are fitted into both end parts of the base stock 2. The coating material and the shape memory alloy tube are combined so that the gap between both materials becomes <=2mm. This combined base stock is hot-extended, and after finishing to a prescribed size, the sealing plates 5 are removed and this base stock is deformed by turn-bending. Successively, the inner surface coating material 4 is pushed from the one side end of this material and taken off. Since the gap between the inner surface coating material 4 and the tube is formed, the inner surface coating material 4 can easily be removed by turn-bending. Successively, the coating material 3 at the outer surface side is cut and removed by using a lathe.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、形状記憶合金管、
特に小径・薄肉で長尺の形状記憶合金管を製造するのに
適用して好適な形状記憶合金管の製造方法に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a shape memory alloy tube,
In particular, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a shape memory alloy tube suitable for manufacturing a long shape memory alloy tube having a small diameter and a thin wall.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】形状記憶合金管は、管継手やヒートパイ
プ、さらには内視鏡装置など多くの分野に適用されつつ
ある。しかし、形状記憶合金は、加工性、特に冷間加工
性が悪く、成形加工が極めて困難である。このため、そ
の仕上げ加工を主として冷間にて行う、例えば、外径が
２０ｍｍ以下、肉厚が２ｍｍ以下であり、かつ長さが２
０００ｍｍ以上というような、いわゆる小径・薄肉の長
尺管を高能率に製造する技術は、今だ確立されていな
い。2. Description of the Related Art Shape memory alloy tubes are being applied to many fields such as pipe joints, heat pipes, and endoscope apparatuses. However, shape memory alloys have poor workability, especially cold workability, and are extremely difficult to form. Therefore, the finishing process is mainly performed in a cold state, for example, the outer diameter is 20 mm or less, the wall thickness is 2 mm or less, and the length is 2 mm or less.
A technique for producing a so-called small-diameter, thin-walled long tube with a diameter of 000 mm or more with high efficiency has not been established yet.

【０００３】ところで、形状記憶合金管を得る方法とし
ては、板材を素材とし、この板材をロール成形法などの
適宜な手段によって管状に成形して相対向する板材両エ
ッジを溶接接合する溶接管の製造方法がある。しかし、
この方法で製造された形状記憶合金製の溶接管は、その
溶接部の形状記憶特性の信頼性に問題があり、実用に供
し得ないのが実情である。By the way, as a method for obtaining a shape memory alloy pipe, a plate is used as a raw material, and the plate is formed into a tubular shape by an appropriate means such as a roll forming method, and the two edges of the opposite plate are weld-joined to each other. There is a manufacturing method. But,
The shape-memory alloy welded pipe manufactured by this method has a problem in reliability of shape-memory characteristics of the welded portion and cannot be put to practical use in reality.

【０００４】これに対し、特公平７−５５３３８号公報
には、Ｎｉ−Ｔｉ系の形状記憶合金からなる管状体の内
面または内外面にステンレス鋼またはＮｉ基合金製の管
または棒状の合せ材を積層してクラッド素材となし、こ
のクラッド素材の内外両面を軟加工性材料で被覆して得
られた複合材料に熱間加工を施してそれぞれの接合面を
拡散接合し、しかる後に前記内外面に被覆した軟加工性
材料を酸洗除去することによって形状記憶合金層を有す
る継目無のクラッド管を得る方法が示されている。On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-55338, a tubular or rod-shaped joining material made of stainless steel or a Ni-based alloy is formed on the inner or outer surface of a tubular body made of a Ni-Ti type shape memory alloy. The clad material is laminated to form a clad material, and the inner and outer surfaces of this clad material are coated with a soft-working material, and the composite material obtained is subjected to hot working to diffusion-bond the respective joint surfaces, and then to the inner and outer surfaces. A method for obtaining a seamless clad tube having a shape memory alloy layer by pickling away the coated soft workable material is shown.

【０００５】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、特公平７−５
５３３８号公報に示される方法は、内外面に積層した軟
加工性材料からなる被覆材層の除去を酸洗によって行う
方法であるため、この処理に多大の工数と費用が必要で
ある。特に、管が小径・長尺の場合には、その内面側の
被覆材層を効率よく除去することが極めて困難であるの
で、生産性が劣るのに加え、製造コストが高くなるとい
う欠点を有している。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-5
Since the method disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5338 is a method of removing the coating material layer made of a soft workable material laminated on the inner and outer surfaces by pickling, a large number of steps and cost are required for this treatment. In particular, when the pipe has a small diameter and a long length, it is extremely difficult to efficiently remove the coating material layer on the inner surface side of the pipe, resulting in poor productivity and high manufacturing cost. are doing.

【０００６】本発明は、前述の実情に鑑みなされたもの
で、その課題は、管が小径・長尺であっても、素材の内
部に配置した心金を効率よく除去することが可能であ
り、主として継目無の形状記憶合金管を生産性よく製造
することができる製造方法を提供することにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its object is to be able to efficiently remove the cored bar arranged inside the material even if the tube has a small diameter and a long length. An object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method capable of mainly manufacturing a seamless shape memory alloy tube with high productivity.

【０００７】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、上記の課
題を達成するために鋭意研究を重ね、次の〜のこと
を知見し、本発明を完成するに至った。Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies in order to achieve the above objects, and have found the following items (1) to (3) and completed the present invention.

【０００８】形状記憶合金管を製造するに際し、その
成形加工を容易にするためには、形状記憶合金製の管状
体の内面または内外両面を熱間延伸加工時における変形
抵抗が形状記憶合金材料よりも小さい非形状記憶合金材
料で被覆するのが好ましい。In order to facilitate the forming process of the shape memory alloy tube, the deformation resistance of the tubular body made of the shape memory alloy during the hot drawing process is better than that of the shape memory alloy material. It is preferable to coat with a small non-shape memory alloy material.

【０００９】しかし、両者の変形抵抗の差が小さい場
合、非形状記憶合金材料としては、その変形抵抗が形状
記憶合金材料よりも大きい材料を用いることができるこ
と。However, when the difference in deformation resistance between the two is small, a material having a larger deformation resistance than the shape memory alloy material can be used as the non-shape memory alloy material.

【００１０】また、良好な熱間延伸加工を行なうために
は、組立素材の材料相互間の隙間を２ｍｍ以下にする必
要があること。Further, in order to perform a good hot drawing process, it is necessary that the gap between the materials of the assembly material is 2 mm or less.

【００１１】形状記憶合金製の管状体の外面に被覆す
る非形状記憶合金層は、加工後の管肉厚が厚く、熱間延
伸加工時に発生した表面疵等の外面欠陥を切削除去もし
くは研磨除去することが可能な場合には、これを省略す
ることができる。The non-shape memory alloy layer covering the outer surface of the shape memory alloy tubular body has a large tube wall thickness after processing, and external defects such as surface defects generated during hot drawing are removed by cutting or polishing. This can be omitted if possible.

【００１２】しかし、加工後の管肉厚が薄く、熱間延伸
加工時に発生した表面疵等の外面欠陥を除去することが
不可能な場合には、その外面を非形状記憶合金で被覆す
る必要がある。この場合、形状記憶合金管の外表面に疵
等の欠陥が発生するのを抑制することができる。従っ
て、形状記憶合金管の外表面にも、非形状記憶合金から
なる被覆層を形成するのが好ましいこと。However, when it is impossible to remove external surface defects such as surface defects generated during hot drawing due to the thin wall thickness of the tube after processing, it is necessary to coat the external surface with a non-shape memory alloy. There is. In this case, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of defects such as scratches on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy tube. Therefore, it is preferable to form a coating layer made of a non-shape memory alloy on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy tube.

【００１３】熱間延伸加工後の複合材料から内面側の
被覆材（心金）を除去する手段としては、ボーリングマ
シーンによる孔明けや旋盤による切削加工、更には砥石
による研削などの機械的方法、あるいは酸溶解による化
学的方法が考えれられる。しかし、これらの方法では、
前述したように、その除去に多大の工数と費用がかか
る。特に、得られた複合材料が小径・薄肉の長尺材であ
ると、内面側の被覆材（心金）を効率よく除去すること
が困難であり、生産性が低下し、製造コストが上昇す
る。Means for removing the coating material (core bar) on the inner surface side from the composite material after the hot drawing processing include a mechanical method such as drilling with a boring machine, cutting with a lathe, and grinding with a grindstone. Alternatively, a chemical method using acid dissolution may be considered. However, with these methods,
As mentioned above, the removal thereof requires a great number of man-hours and costs. In particular, if the obtained composite material is a small-diameter, thin-walled long material, it is difficult to efficiently remove the coating material (core wire) on the inner surface side, productivity is lowered, and manufacturing cost is increased. .

【００１４】ところが、熱間延伸加工後の複合材料に対
し、棒鋼や管材の曲がり矯正に用いられる矯正圧延機を
用いて回転曲げ変形加工を施すと、内面側の被覆材（心
金）外面と形状記憶合金管内面とが剥離離間して隙間が
形成され、内面側の被覆材（心金）を極めて容易に引き
抜き除去することが可能となること。However, when the composite material after hot drawing is subjected to rotational bending deformation processing using a straightening rolling machine used for straightening steel bars and pipes, it becomes the outer surface of the coating material (core bar) on the inner surface side. A space is formed by separating and separating from the inner surface of the shape memory alloy pipe, and it becomes possible to extremely easily pull out and remove the coating material (core wire) on the inner surface side.

【００１５】すなわち、パスラインを中心に所定の傾斜
角度をもって上下に対向配置され、かつ回転駆動される
凸型の上ロールと凹型の下ロールとを有する単スタンド
あるいは複数スタンドを備える一方、上下のロール間の
左右に所定曲率の案内面を有するガイド部材が配置され
た矯正圧延機を用い、この矯正圧延機に熱間延伸加工後
の複合材料を通すと、複合材料は上ロールの一点と下ロ
ールの二点とで支持されてスパイラル状にその軸長方向
へ進行する。この時、複合材料は、その全長にわたって
連続的に曲げ・曲げ戻しの回転曲げ変形を受け、形状記
憶合金管内面と内面被覆材（心金）外面とを剥離離間さ
せる力が作用して両者の間に微小空隙を形成させる。こ
の結果、内面側の被覆材（心金）は、形状記憶合金管か
ら極めて容易に引き抜き除去することが可能となるので
ある。That is, a single stand or a plurality of stands each having a convex upper roll and a concave lower roll, which are vertically opposed to each other with a predetermined inclination angle about the pass line and are rotationally driven, are provided, while Using a straightening mill having guide members having a guide surface with a predetermined curvature arranged on the left and right between the rolls, and passing the composite material after hot drawing through this straightening mill, the composite material is one point on the upper roll and one on the lower roll. It is supported by two points of the roll and advances spirally in the axial direction. At this time, the composite material is continuously subjected to the rotational bending deformation of bending and unbending over its entire length, and a force that separates and separates the inner surface of the shape memory alloy pipe and the outer surface of the inner surface coating material (core wire) acts on the composite material. A micro void is formed between them. As a result, the coating material (core metal) on the inner surface side can be extremely easily pulled out and removed from the shape memory alloy tube.

【００１６】なお、上記の微小空隙は、内面側被覆材の
変形抵抗が形状記憶合金よりも小さい場合には内面被覆
材の外径が縮小して生じ、内面被覆材の変形抵抗が形状
記憶合金より大きい場合は形状記憶合金の外径が拡大し
て生じる。If the deformation resistance of the inner coating material is smaller than that of the shape memory alloy, the minute voids are generated by reducing the outer diameter of the inner coating material, and the deformation resistance of the inner coating material is reduced. If it is larger, the outer diameter of the shape memory alloy is enlarged.

【００１７】一方、熱間延伸加工後の複合材料から外
面側の被覆材を除去する手段としては、上記同様の機械
的方法あるいは化学的方法を用いることができ、複合材
料が小径・薄肉の長尺材であっても何等の問題もなく除
去することができること。また、この外面側の被覆材除
去は、上記の回転曲げ変形加工を施す前後のいずれかに
おいて行うことができる。しかし、外面にスパイラルマ
ークなどの表面欠陥がなく、見栄えのよい製品を得るた
めには、外面側の被覆材除去を回転曲げ変形加工後に行
うのが好ましいこと。On the other hand, as a means for removing the coating material on the outer surface side from the composite material after hot drawing, the same mechanical method or chemical method as described above can be used, and the composite material has a small diameter and a long length. Being able to remove even scale materials without any problems. In addition, the removal of the coating material on the outer surface side can be performed either before or after the above-described rotational bending deformation processing is performed. However, in order to obtain a good-looking product without surface defects such as spiral marks on the outer surface, it is preferable to remove the coating material on the outer surface side after the rotational bending deformation processing.

【００１８】本発明は、上記の知見に基づいてなされた
もので、その要旨は次の形状記憶合金管の製造方法にあ
る。The present invention was made based on the above findings, and its gist resides in the following method for manufacturing a shape memory alloy tube.

【００１９】形状記憶合金製の管状体の内面または内外
面を非形状記憶合金材料からなる被覆材で被覆してな
り、前記の管状体と被覆材との間隙を２ｍｍ以下にして
なる組立素材を所定の温度に加熱した後、この組立素材
に熱間延伸加工を施して所定の寸法に加工し、この加工
後の複合材料に回転曲げ変形加工を施し、しかる後に内
面被覆材料を抜き取ることを特徴とする形状記憶合金管
の製造方法。An assembling material comprising a tubular body made of a shape memory alloy, the inner surface or the inner and outer surfaces of which are coated with a coating material made of a non-shape memory alloy material, and the gap between the tubular body and the coating material is 2 mm or less. After heating to a predetermined temperature, this assembly material is subjected to hot drawing processing to a predetermined size, the composite material after this processing is subjected to rotational bending deformation processing, and then the inner surface coating material is extracted A method of manufacturing a shape memory alloy tube.

【００２０】上記本発明の方法において、形状記憶合金
としては、Ｎｉ−Ｔｉ合金、この合金に第三成分として
適量のＣｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｏなどの適宜成分を１種も
しくは２種以上を添加含有させたＮｉ−Ｔｉ系合金、Ａ
ｇ−Ｃｄ合金、Ａｕ−Ｃｄ合金、Ｃｕ−Ｚｎ−Ａｌ合
金、Ｃｕ−Ａｕ−Ｚｎ合金、Ｃｕ−Ｓｎ合金などを用い
ることができる。また、その加工前の管状体は、継目無
管であることが好ましいが、溶接管も使用可能である。In the above-mentioned method of the present invention, the shape memory alloy is a Ni-Ti alloy, and one or more appropriate components such as Co, Cu, Fe and Mo are added to this alloy in an appropriate amount as a third component. Ni-Ti based alloy, A
A g-Cd alloy, an Au-Cd alloy, a Cu-Zn-Al alloy, a Cu-Au-Zn alloy, a Cu-Sn alloy, or the like can be used. Further, the tubular body before processing is preferably a seamless tube, but a welded tube can also be used.

【００２１】被覆材となる非形状記憶合金材料として
は、例えば、炭素鋼、低合金鋼、ステンレス鋼、無酸素
銅、アルミニウムおよびその合金などを用いることがで
き、上記の形状記憶合金に比べてその変形抵抗が１〜１
０％程度小さい材料を用いるのが好ましい。As the non-shape memory alloy material to be the covering material, for example, carbon steel, low alloy steel, stainless steel, oxygen-free copper, aluminum and its alloys can be used. The deformation resistance is 1 to 1
It is preferable to use a material that is as small as 0%.

【００２２】また、形状記憶合金製素管の内面を被覆す
る被覆材の形状は、熱間延伸加工時にそれ自体が座屈変
形して偏平化する恐れのない十分な剛性を有する厚肉の
管状体であってもよいが、座屈変形を防止する観点から
は中実の棒状体を用いるのが好ましい。Further, the shape of the covering material for covering the inner surface of the shape-memory alloy tube is a thick-walled tube having sufficient rigidity so that it will not buckle and flatten during hot drawing. Although it may be a body, it is preferable to use a solid rod-shaped body from the viewpoint of preventing buckling deformation.

【００２３】なお、従来から、上記形状記憶合金と同様
に、加工性の悪い難加工性材料材からなる製品を製造す
るに際し、難加工性材料材の表面を加工性のよい軟質材
料で被覆して成形加工する方法としては、例えば、被覆
材料と被被覆材料との複合化製品である電線ケーブルの
被覆押出し成形加工や複合金属材料の被覆押出し成形加
工などがある。しかし、これら複合化製品を得ることを
目的とする被覆押出し成形技術は、本発明とはその技術
思想を異にするものであり、本発明をなすに何らの参考
にもならない。[0023] Conventionally, as in the case of the above shape memory alloy, when manufacturing a product made of a difficult-to-work material having poor workability, the surface of the hard-to-work material is coated with a soft material having good workability. Examples of the method of forming and processing include covering extrusion molding of an electric wire cable, which is a composite product of a covering material and a covering material, and covering extrusion molding of a composite metal material. However, the coating extrusion molding technique for obtaining these composite products has a technical concept different from that of the present invention, and is not a reference for forming the present invention.

【００２４】すなわち、本発明においては、被覆材料と
被被覆材料との複合化製品を得るのが目的ではなく、あ
くまで難加工性材料である形状記憶合金単体からなる製
品を得るのが目的である。そして、その被覆材料は、形
状記憶合金を単独で熱間延伸加工に供するとその表面に
疵が発生するので、この疵発生を抑制防止する目的で被
覆するが、成形加工後に除去される点で全く異なる。That is, in the present invention, the object is not to obtain a composite product of a coating material and a material to be coated, but to obtain a product consisting of a simple shape memory alloy which is a difficult-to-process material. . Then, the coating material, when the shape memory alloy is subjected to hot drawing processing alone, has flaws on its surface, and therefore is coated for the purpose of preventing the occurrence of flaws, but is removed after the molding processing. Totally different.

【００２５】また、軟質材料を用いて製作されたカプセ
ル内に難加工性材料からなる金属粉末を充填封入してな
る中空ビレットを素材とし、この中空ビレットの孔内に
マンドレルを遊嵌挿入配置して熱間押出し成形加工する
ことで粉末冶金管を得る方法もある。Further, a hollow billet made by filling and encapsulating a metal powder made of a difficult-to-process material in a capsule made of a soft material is used as a material, and a mandrel is loosely inserted and arranged in the hole of the hollow billet. There is also a method of obtaining a powder metallurgical pipe by hot extrusion molding.

【００２６】しかし、上記の熱間押出し成形加工法にお
いては、本発明における心金に相当するマンドレルは、
ダイスの孔内にほぼ固定的に支持されていて押出し管の
内径を決定するだけで、被加工材料とは一体的に押出さ
れないから、加工後にこれを除去する必要がない。これ
に対し、本発明においては、形状記憶合金の管状体の内
面に配置した心金は形状記憶合金の管状体とともに一体
的に縮径加工され、加工後の形状記憶合金管内に残留
し、これを除去する必要があるので、この点で両者は全
く異なる。However, in the hot extrusion processing method described above, the mandrel corresponding to the core in the present invention is
Since it is almost fixedly supported in the hole of the die and only determines the inner diameter of the extruded tube and is not extruded integrally with the material to be processed, it is not necessary to remove it after processing. On the other hand, in the present invention, the mandrel arranged on the inner surface of the shape memory alloy tubular body is integrally reduced in diameter together with the shape memory alloy tubular body, and remains in the shape memory alloy tube after processing. The two are quite different in this respect, since they need to be removed.

【００２７】さらに、特公平７−２４８５６号公報に
は、形状記憶させるための最終熱処理を施した後に素管
を縮径減肉するのに用いた心金を引き抜く方法が示され
ているが、形状記憶させるための最終熱処理前に心金を
効率よく抜き取る手段については何ら示唆するところが
ない。Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-24856 discloses a method of withdrawing the core metal used for reducing the wall thickness of the raw tube after the final heat treatment for shape memory. There is no suggestion of any means for efficiently extracting the core metal before the final heat treatment for shape memory.

【００２８】[0028]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の方法について、そ
の製造工程を示す図１を参照して詳細に説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The method of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS.

【００２９】［組立工程］形状記憶合金は、高価な材料
である。また、前述したように、難加工性材料でもあ
る。従って、形状記憶合金からなる素材管状体（以下、
素管という）をそのまま熱間延伸圧延などの成形加工に
供すると、その内外表面に割れ疵などの表面欠陥が多発
する。このため、表面欠陥の発生を抑制防止する目的
で、その内外表面を加工性のよい軟質材料で被覆するの
が好ましい。[Assembly Process] Shape memory alloy is an expensive material. Further, as described above, it is also a difficult-to-work material. Therefore, the material tubular body made of shape memory alloy (hereinafter,
When subjected to forming processing such as hot drawing and rolling as it is, surface defects such as cracks and the like frequently occur on the inner and outer surfaces thereof. For this reason, it is preferable to coat the inner and outer surfaces with a soft material having good workability in order to prevent the occurrence of surface defects.

【００３０】ただし、素管の内面側については、後述の
熱間延伸加工において素管を縮径・減肉する際、その内
径を決定する内面規制工具としの役目をもたせる必要か
ら、加工性のよい軟質材料で必ず被覆する必要がある。However, since the inner surface side of the blank tube needs to serve as an inner surface restricting tool for determining the inner diameter of the blank tube when the blank tube is reduced in diameter and thinned in the hot drawing process described later, it is necessary to improve workability. Must be coated with a good soft material.

【００３１】これに対し、素管の外面側については、加
工後の形状記憶合金管の肉厚に熱間延伸加工で発生する
表面欠陥を除去するだけの余裕がある場合には、軟質材
料による被覆を省略してもよい。On the other hand, on the outer surface side of the raw pipe, when the wall thickness of the shape memory alloy pipe after processing has a margin to remove surface defects generated by hot drawing, a soft material is used. The coating may be omitted.

【００３２】図２および図３は、素管の全表面を加工性
のよい軟質材料で被覆した組立素材の一例を示す図であ
る。FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are views showing an example of an assembled material in which the entire surface of the raw pipe is covered with a soft material having good workability.

【００３３】図２に示す組立素材１は、次に述べるよう
にして組み立てられる。例えば、Ｎｉ−Ｔｉ系の形状記
憶合金からなる素管２の外面に、素管２の外径よりも内
径が若干大きく、長さが素管２の長さよりも若干長い低
炭素鋼からなる管状の外面被覆材３を外嵌する。また、
素管２の内部に、外径が素管２の内径よりも若干小さ
く、長さが素管２の長さと同じか若干短い低炭素鋼から
なる中実の内面被覆材（心金）４を内嵌する。しかる
後、その両端部に外径が外面被覆材３の内径よりも若干
小さい低炭素鋼からなる盤状の封止板５を内嵌装着す
る。The assembly material 1 shown in FIG. 2 is assembled in the following manner. For example, a tube made of low carbon steel having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the base tube 2 and a length slightly longer than the length of the base tube 2 on the outer surface of the base tube 2 made of a Ni-Ti-based shape memory alloy. The outer surface covering material 3 is externally fitted. Also,
Inside the raw pipe 2, a solid inner surface coating material (core bar) 4 made of low carbon steel having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the raw pipe 2 and a length equal to or slightly shorter than the length of the raw pipe 2. Fit in. Thereafter, the plate-like sealing plates 5 made of low carbon steel having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the outer surface covering material 3 are fitted and attached to both ends thereof.

【００３４】図３に示す組立素材１１は、素管１２の内
部に内嵌する内面被覆材（心金）１４の一方端部に、基
端部外径が外面被覆材１３と同一の頂部を切断した円錐
状の突起部１４ａを形成し、この突起部１４ａに図２に
示した一方端の封止板５の役目をさせるようにした以外
は、図２に示す組立素材１と同様にして組み立てられ
る。The assembly material 11 shown in FIG. 3 has a top end having the same outer diameter as the outer surface covering material 13 at the one end portion of the inner surface covering material (core metal) 14 which is fitted inside the raw tube 12. 2 is the same as the assembly material 1 shown in FIG. 2 except that a cut conical protrusion 14a is formed and the protrusion 14a serves as the sealing plate 5 at one end shown in FIG. Can be assembled.

【００３５】この図３に示す組立素材１１は、延伸加工
を熱間押出し装置を用いて行う場合に用いて好適であ
る。すなわち、図２に示す組立素材２を押出し加工する
と、押出し加工先端側になる一方の封止板５が脱落し、
内面被覆材４のみが先に押出される恐れがある。The assembling material 11 shown in FIG. 3 is suitable for use in the case where the drawing process is performed by using a hot extrusion device. That is, when the assembly material 2 shown in FIG. 2 is extruded, one sealing plate 5 on the extruding front end side falls off,
Only the inner surface coating material 4 may be extruded first.

【００３６】これに対し、図３に示す組立素材１１は、
突起部１４ａを加工先端側にすると、上記のような現象
が発生する恐れは全くない。また、突起部１４ａがダイ
スに対して自動的にセンタリングされるので、周方向偏
肉の可及的に小さい形状記憶合金製の製品管を得ること
ができる。従って、延伸加工を熱間押出し装置を用いて
行う場合には、図３に示す組立素材１１を用いるのが好
ましい。On the other hand, the assembly material 11 shown in FIG.
If the protruding portion 14a is located on the processing tip side, there is no possibility that the above phenomenon will occur. Further, since the protrusion 14a is automatically centered with respect to the die, it is possible to obtain a product pipe made of a shape memory alloy having a circumferentially uneven thickness as small as possible. Therefore, when the drawing process is performed using the hot extrusion device, it is preferable to use the assembly material 11 shown in FIG.

【００３７】図２および図３に示す組立素材は、いずれ
もその両端部に封止板５（突起部１４ａ）を内嵌装着し
てあるので、後述の端部溶接工程における溶接必要箇所
を少なくすることができる。しかし、この封止板５（突
起部１４ａ）は、これを省略することができるが、この
場合その溶接箇所は２倍になり、生産性の低下を招くの
で好ましくない。In both of the assembly materials shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sealing plates 5 (protrusions 14a) are internally fitted and attached to both ends thereof, so that the number of welding-required points in the end welding process described later is reduced. can do. However, this sealing plate 5 (projection portion 14a) can be omitted, but in this case, the number of welded portions is doubled, which causes a decrease in productivity, which is not preferable.

【００３８】上記組立素材は、被覆材と形状記憶合金管
との隙間が２ｍｍ以下になるようにして組み立てる必要
がある。これは、上記の隙間が２ｍｍよりも大きいと、
次工程以降、特に熱間延伸加工工程において、材料相互
の密着性が悪くなって延伸加工することができなくなる
ためである。The above-mentioned assembly material needs to be assembled so that the gap between the covering material and the shape memory alloy tube is 2 mm or less. This is because if the above gap is larger than 2 mm,
This is because, after the next step, especially in the hot drawing step, the mutual adhesion of the materials deteriorates and the drawing cannot be performed.

【００３９】なお、被覆材と形状記憶合金素管との対向
面の粗さは、特に規定する必要はないが、Ｒｍａｘで
０．８〜２５μｍ程度とするのが好ましい。The roughness of the facing surfaces of the coating material and the shape memory alloy base tube is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that Rmax is about 0.8 to 25 μm.

【００４０】また、素管外面に被覆材を有しないを組立
素材にあっては、素管の内部に素管と同一長さの内面被
覆材を内嵌挿入すればよく、上記封止板は不要である。Further, in the case of the assembled material having no covering material on the outer surface of the raw material tube, the inner surface covering material having the same length as the raw material tube may be fitted in and inserted into the raw material tube. It is unnecessary.

【００４１】［脱気工程］上記のようにして組み立てら
れた組立素材は、これをそのまま次の加熱工程に供して
もよい。しかし、次工程の加熱時に、素管と被覆材との
隙間に存在する空気に起因して両材料表面に酸化スケー
ルが生成しないように、両者の隙間に存在する空気をあ
る程度除去してから加熱工程に供するのが好ましい。[Deaeration Step] The assembly material assembled as described above may be directly subjected to the next heating step. However, at the time of heating in the next step, the air existing in the gap between the blank and the covering material is removed to some extent so that oxide scale does not form on the surfaces of both materials due to the air existing in the gap It is preferably subjected to the process.

【００４２】すなわち、本発明においては、上記の被覆
材は成形加工後に除去される。このため、成形加工後に
おける素管と被覆材とを必ずしも冶金的に接合させる必
要はない。従って、素管と被覆材との隙間に存在する空
気を脱気することなく、加熱工程に供しても何等の問題
もない。That is, in the present invention, the above covering material is removed after the molding process. Therefore, it is not always necessary to metallurgically bond the raw pipe and the covering material after the forming process. Therefore, there is no problem even if the air present in the gap between the raw material pipe and the covering material is subjected to the heating step without degassing.

【００４３】しかしながら、両材料表面に多量の酸化ス
ケールが生成すると、後述の熱間延伸加工工程において
も素管と被覆材とがほとんど冶金的に接合することはな
い。However, when a large amount of oxide scale is formed on the surfaces of both materials, the blank tube and the covering material are hardly metallurgically bonded in the hot drawing step described later.

【００４４】このため、熱間延伸加工時に両者がその長
手方向にずれて延伸加工不良を招きやすくなるが、素管
と被覆材との隙間に存在する空気を脱気する場合には、
この延伸加工不良の発生を防ぐことが可能となる。以上
の理由から、組立素材は、素管と被覆材との隙間の空気
をある程度脱気してから加熱工程に供するのが好まし
い。なお、脱気の程度は、２〜３×１０^-3Ｔｏｒｒ程度
の真空度に脱気すれば十分である。For this reason, both of them tend to be displaced in the longitudinal direction during hot drawing to cause drawing defects. However, when deaerating the air present in the gap between the raw tube and the covering material,
It is possible to prevent the defective drawing process from occurring. For the above reasons, it is preferable that the assembling material be subjected to the heating step after deaeration of the air in the gap between the raw tube and the covering material to some extent. The degree of degassing is sufficient if it is degassed to a vacuum degree of about 2 to 3 × 10 ⁻³ Torr.

【００４５】［端部溶接工程］隙間の脱気が完了した組
立素材は、前述の図２および図３に示すように、その両
端部の外面被覆材３（１３）と封止板５（１５、突起部
１４ａ）の嵌合面をその全周にわたって溶接して密封シ
ール６（１６）される。[End Welding Step] As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the assembled material from which the gap has been degassed has the outer surface covering material 3 (13) and the sealing plate 5 (15) at both ends thereof. The fitting surface of the protrusion 14a) is welded over the entire circumference to form a hermetic seal 6 (16).

【００４６】密封シールに用いる溶接手段としては、ど
のような溶接法を用いてもよいが、上記の脱気処理を真
空チャンバー内で行う場合には、電子ビーム溶接法を用
いるのが好ましい。Although any welding method may be used as the welding means for the hermetic seal, it is preferable to use the electron beam welding method when the above-mentioned deaeration treatment is carried out in the vacuum chamber.

【００４７】上記の密封シール６（１６）部は、組立素
材１（１１）の外面被覆材３（１３）と封止板５（１
５、突起部１４ａ）の嵌合面相互の隙間を気密保持し、
材料相互の各隙間への空気侵入を防ぐ。また、熱間延伸
加工時における組立素材の各材料相互が長手方向へズレ
るのを拘束防止する。The above-mentioned hermetic seal 6 (16) is composed of the outer surface coating material 3 (13) of the assembly material 1 (11) and the sealing plate 5 (1).
5, keep the gap between the fitting surfaces of the protrusions 14a) airtight,
Prevents air from entering each gap between materials. Further, it prevents the respective materials of the assembled material from being displaced in the longitudinal direction during hot drawing.

【００４８】なお、素管の外面に外面被覆材を有しない
組立素材にあっては、組立素材両端の素管と内面被覆材
の嵌合面のみをその全周にわたって溶接して密封シール
すればよい。In the case of an assembled material having no outer surface coating material on the outer surface of the material pipe, only the fitting surfaces of the material tube and the inner surface coating material at both ends of the material assembly are welded over the entire circumference to hermetically seal. Good.

【００４９】この両端部の溶接による密封シールは、上
記の説明からわかるように、素管と被覆材との熱間延伸
圧延時における材料相互の軸長方向ずれを防止し、かつ
前記工程での脱気状態を維持するために行う。しかし、
前述の脱気工程において脱気を省略した場合、その両端
部を完全に密封シールすると、材料相互の隙間に存在す
る空気が加熱時に膨張して材料、特に外面被覆材を変形
させる恐れがある。従って、その一方端については不完
全密封シール溶接とするのが好ましい。As can be seen from the above description, the hermetic seal by welding the both ends prevents the axial displacement of the raw material tube and the coating material in the axial length direction during the hot drawing and rolling, and prevents the material from being displaced in the axial direction. Do this to maintain degassing conditions. But,
If degassing is omitted in the degassing step described above, if both ends are completely hermetically sealed, the air existing in the gap between the materials may expand during heating and deform the material, especially the outer surface covering material. Therefore, it is preferable to perform incomplete hermetic seal welding on one end thereof.

【００５０】［加熱工程］上記の各工程を経て得られた
組立素材は、次工程の熱間延伸加工に先立って所定の温
度に加熱される。加熱温度は、素管の材質、すなわち形
状記憶合金の材質に応じて決定され、例えば、素管の材
質がＮｉ−Ｔｉ合金の場合には７００〜９５０℃程度、
Ａｇ−Ｃｄ合金の場合には６００〜８５０℃程度、Ｃｕ
−Ｚｎ−Ａｌ合金の場合には７００〜８５０℃程度、Ｃ
ｕ−Ａｌ−Ｎｉ合金の場合には７５０〜９００℃程度に
加熱すれば十分である。[Heating Step] The assembly material obtained through the above steps is heated to a predetermined temperature prior to the hot drawing process in the next step. The heating temperature is determined according to the material of the raw tube, that is, the shape memory alloy material. For example, when the material of the raw tube is a Ni—Ti alloy, about 700 to 950 ° C.,
In the case of Ag-Cd alloy, about 600-850 ° C, Cu
In the case of -Zn-Al alloy, about 700 to 850 ° C, C
In the case of u-Al-Ni alloy, it is sufficient to heat it to about 750 to 900 ° C.

【００５１】この加熱に際し、形状記憶合金素管は、上
記したようにその内面または全表面が加工性のよい軟質
材料の被覆材で覆われ、各材料相互間の隙間が脱気密封
シールされているので酸化雰囲気に曝されることなく加
熱される。従って、材料相互の対向面に酸化スケールが
生成形成することがない。この結果、材料相互が冶金的
に拡散接合し、両端部の密封シール溶接と相俟ってその
延伸圧延時に材料相互が軸長方向にずれることがない。At the time of this heating, the shape memory alloy base pipe is covered with a coating material of a soft material having good workability on the inner surface or the entire surface as described above, and the gaps between the respective materials are hermetically sealed by deaeration. Therefore, it is heated without being exposed to the oxidizing atmosphere. Therefore, oxide scale is not generated and formed on the surfaces facing each other. As a result, the materials are metallurgically diffusion-bonded to each other, and together with the hermetic seal welding at both ends, the materials do not shift in the axial direction during the stretching and rolling.

【００５２】［熱間延伸加工工程］加熱された組立素材
は、熱間延伸加工工程に供され、所定の寸法に仕上げら
れる。熱間延伸加工手段としては、次の(a) 〜(d) に示
すような成形加工方法を単独または組み合わせて用いる
ことができる。[Hot Stretching Process] The heated assembly material is subjected to a hot stretching process and finished to a predetermined size. As the hot stretching processing means, the following molding processing methods (a) to (d) can be used alone or in combination.

【００５３】(a) 棒材の製造に用いられる多孔型ロール
を備えるリバース圧延機による成形加工方法、(b) 棒材
あるいは管材の製造に用いられる孔型ロールを有する複
数スタンドを連設配置してなる連続圧延機による成形加
工方法、(c) 棒材の製造に用いられる熱間押出し装置に
よる成形加工方法、(d) 棒材あるいは管材の製造に用い
られる傾斜圧延機による成形加工方法。(A) Forming method using a reverse rolling machine equipped with a perforated roll used for manufacturing rods, (b) a plurality of stands having holed rolls used for manufacturing rods or pipes are arranged in series. Forming method by a continuous rolling mill, (c) forming method by a hot extrusion apparatus used for manufacturing a bar, and (d) forming method by an inclined rolling machine used for manufacturing a bar or tube.

【００５４】この熱間延伸加工に際し、素管と被覆材と
は冶金的に接合する。このため、上記密封シールと相俟
って、相互の材料がその長手方向にズレを生じることな
く円滑に行われ、生産性が低下することはない。During this hot drawing process, the raw pipe and the covering material are metallurgically bonded. Therefore, in combination with the above-mentioned hermetic seal, the mutual materials can be smoothly processed without any displacement in the longitudinal direction, and the productivity is not reduced.

【００５５】なお、延伸加工は、上記熱間加工後、さら
に上記(b) に示す方法を用いて冷間または温間で行って
もよく、また更に、棒材あるいは管材の製造に用いられ
る冷間引き抜き加工方法を用いて行ってもよい。従っ
て、本発明にいう熱間延伸加工とは、冷間または温間に
ての成形加工をも含むものとする。The stretching process may be carried out cold or warm after the above hot working by using the method shown in (b) above. Furthermore, the cold working used for the production of rods or pipes may be carried out. It may be performed by using a thinning-out working method. Therefore, the hot drawing process referred to in the present invention also includes the forming process in cold or warm.

【００５６】また、上記成形加工に際して冷間あるいは
温間加工を施すに当たり、その加工前後の寸法差が大き
く、加工を複数回に分けて施す必要がある場合には、加
工繰り返し間で軟化熱処理を施すのが好ましいことはい
うまでもない。When cold or warm working is carried out during the above-mentioned forming work, when the dimensional difference before and after the working is large and it is necessary to carry out the working in multiple steps, the softening heat treatment is carried out between the repeated workings. It goes without saying that it is preferable to apply.

【００５７】［回転曲げ変形加工工程］上記の熱間延伸
加工工程で所定の寸法に仕上げられた形状記憶合金管と
被覆材とからなる複合材料は、用いた組立素材が図２ま
たは図３に示すものである場合には封止板５（１５、１
４ａ）を切断除去した後に、また、それ以外の組立素材
を用いた場合にはその両端の密閉シール溶接部を切断除
去した後に回転曲げ変形加工工程に供される。[Rotary Bending Deformation Process] As for the composite material composed of the shape memory alloy tube and the covering material finished to a predetermined size in the above hot drawing process, the assembly material used is as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. If it is shown, the sealing plate 5 (15, 1,
4a) is cut and removed, and when other assembled materials are used, the sealed seal welds at both ends thereof are cut and removed, and then subjected to a rotary bending deformation process.

【００５８】この回転曲げ変形加工工程で冷間加工され
た複合材料には、課題の解決手段の欄で詳述したよう
に、形状記憶合金管と被覆材との間に隙間が形成され
る。この時、生じさせる隙間としては、複合材料のいず
れかの材料径寸法が１〜５％程度変化する程度の加工度
を加えることにより得られる隙間で十分である。In the composite material cold-worked in this rotational bending deformation working step, a gap is formed between the shape memory alloy tube and the covering material, as described in detail in the section for solving the problem. At this time, as the gap to be generated, a gap obtained by adding a working degree such that any one of the diameters of the composite material changes by about 1 to 5% is sufficient.

【００５９】なお、回転曲げ変形加工は、冷間（常温）
に限らず、複合材料を５０〜５００℃程度に加熱して後
に行ってもよい。この場合には、付与する加工度を小さ
くしても上記同様の隙間を形成させることができる。よ
って、回転曲げ変形加工は、冷間で行うのでなく、温間
もしくは熱間で行うのが好ましい。The rotary bending process is cold (normal temperature).
Not limited to this, the composite material may be heated to about 50 to 500 ° C. and then performed. In this case, a gap similar to the above can be formed even if the degree of processing applied is reduced. Therefore, it is preferable that the rotational bending deformation process is performed not warm but warm or hot.

【００６０】［内面側被覆材除去工程］上記の回転曲げ
変形加工により、各材料間に隙間が形成された複合材料
は、形状記憶合金管の内面を被覆するべくその管内に挿
入された内面被覆材を抜き取るため、内面側被覆材除去
工程に供される。[Inner surface side coating material removing step] The composite material in which a gap is formed between the respective materials by the above-described rotary bending deformation processing is inserted into the shape memory alloy tube so as to cover the inner surface thereof. In order to remove the material, it is subjected to an inner surface side coating material removing step.

【００６１】この内面側被覆材除去工程においては、複
合材料を適宜な手段を用いてその長手方向に移動不能に
固定把持し、その一方端から内面被覆材のみを押圧して
その一部を他方端から突出させ、この突出部を把持して
引っ張ることにより、形状記憶合金管から内面被覆材を
抜き取り除去する。In this inner surface side coating material removing step, the composite material is immovably fixed and grasped in the longitudinal direction by using an appropriate means, only the inner surface coating material is pressed from one end thereof, and a part thereof is The inner surface coating material is extracted and removed from the shape memory alloy tube by projecting it from the end and grasping and pulling the projecting portion.

【００６２】この時、内面被覆材は、上記の回転曲げ変
形加工によって形状記憶合金管との間に隙間が形成され
ているので、複合材料が小径・薄肉の長尺材であって
も、何等の問題もなく確実容易に効率よく除去すること
ができる。その結果、内面被覆材の除去に要する工数と
費用が少なくてすみ、生産性を向上させることが可能に
なる。At this time, since a gap is formed between the inner surface covering material and the shape memory alloy pipe by the above-mentioned rotary bending deformation processing, even if the composite material is a long diameter material having a small diameter and thin wall, it does not matter. It can be removed easily and efficiently without any problem. As a result, the number of steps and cost required for removing the inner surface coating material can be reduced, and the productivity can be improved.

【００６３】［外面側被覆材除去工程］内面被覆材の除
去された複合材料は、用いた組立素材が図２および図３
に示すような外面被覆材を有するものである場合には、
その外面被覆材を除去すべく、外面側被覆材除去工程に
供される。[Outer surface side coating material removing step] As for the composite material from which the inner surface coating material is removed, the assembly material used is as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
In the case of having an outer surface coating as shown in
In order to remove the outer surface coating material, it is subjected to an outer surface side coating material removing step.

【００６４】この外面側被覆材除去工程においては、内
面被覆材の除去手段とは異なり、旋盤による切削加工、
更には砥石による研削などの機械的方法、あるいは酸溶
解による化学的方法によって外面被覆材が除去される。
その理由は、内面被覆材を除去した後の複合材料に回転
曲げ変形加工を施した場合には、その変形応力を支える
部材（心金）がないために圧縮応力が形状記憶合金管に
直接作用し、形状記憶合金管外面と外面被覆材内面との
間に隙間が生じる以前に形状記憶合金管が変形してしま
い、形状記憶合金管に割れ疵などの欠陥が発生するから
である。In this outer surface side coating material removing step, unlike the inner surface coating material removing means, cutting by a lathe,
Further, the outer surface coating material is removed by a mechanical method such as grinding with a grindstone or a chemical method by acid dissolution.
The reason for this is that when the composite material after removing the inner surface coating is subjected to rotational bending deformation processing, there is no member (core bar) to support the deformation stress, so compressive stress acts directly on the shape memory alloy pipe. However, the shape memory alloy pipe is deformed before a gap is formed between the outer surface of the shape memory alloy pipe and the inner surface of the outer surface coating material, and defects such as cracks and the like occur in the shape memory alloy pipe.

【００６５】なお、この外面被覆材の除去は、上記の回
転曲げ変形加工工程前に行ってもよいが、この場合には
前述したように、得るべき形状記憶合金管の外面にスパ
イラルマークなどの表面欠陥が発生し、製品の見栄えが
悪くなる。従って、この外面被覆材の除去は、回転曲げ
変形加工工程後の内面被覆材の除去後に行うのが好まし
い。The outer surface covering material may be removed before the above-mentioned rotational bending deformation working step, but in this case, as described above, a spiral mark or the like is formed on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy pipe to be obtained. Surface defects occur and the appearance of the product deteriorates. Therefore, it is preferable to remove the outer surface covering material after removing the inner surface covering material after the rotary bending process.

【００６６】［形状記憶熱処理工程］内外面の被覆材が
除去された形状記憶合金管は、そのまま、あるいは必要
とされる製品形状を得るための適切な冷間成形加工を施
した後、その形状を記憶させるために形状記憶熱処理工
程に供され、所定の熱処理が施される。熱処理条件とし
ては、形状記憶合金の材質によってそれぞれことなる
が、従来と同様の条件で行えば十分である。[Shape Memory Heat Treatment Step] The shape memory alloy pipe from which the coating material on the inner and outer surfaces has been removed is used as it is or after being subjected to an appropriate cold forming process to obtain a required product shape. Is subjected to a shape memory heat treatment step, and a predetermined heat treatment is performed. The heat treatment conditions differ depending on the material of the shape memory alloy, but it is sufficient to carry out the same heat treatment conditions as the conventional one.

【００６７】なお、以上に説明した本発明の方法は、形
状記憶合金管を得るためのものであるが、形状記憶合金
以外の材料であり、その加工性が形状記憶合金と同様に
悪い難加工材料、例えば銅合金や二相ステンレス鋼ある
いは粉末成形合金などの材料からなる小径・薄肉の長尺
管の製造にも適用できることはいうまでもない。Although the method of the present invention described above is for obtaining a shape memory alloy tube, it is a material other than the shape memory alloy, and its workability is not as bad as that of the shape memory alloy. It goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to the production of a small-diameter, thin-walled long tube made of a material such as a copper alloy, a duplex stainless steel, or a powder molded alloy.

【００６８】[0068]

【実施例】【Example】

（実施例１）内外面の被覆材が０．０５重量％のＣを含
有する低炭素鋼製で、形状記憶合金素管が原子％でそれ
ぞれ５０％のＮｉとＴｉを含有するＮｉ−Ｔｉ合金から
なる形状記憶合金素管であり、それぞれ機械加工によっ
て表１に示す寸法に仕上げた素材を用い、３種類の前述
した図２に示す形状の組立素材を組み立てた。また、各
組立素材の両端には、上記同様の低炭素鋼製で、外径５
７．８ｍｍ、肉厚５ｍｍの封止板を装着した。なお、各
素材の対向面は、Ｒｍａｘで６．３μｍに仕上げた。(Example 1) A Ni-Ti alloy in which the coating material on the inner and outer surfaces is made of low carbon steel containing 0.05% by weight of C, and the shape memory alloy base tube contains atomic amounts of 50% of Ni and 50% of Ti, respectively. A shape memory alloy tube made of, each of which was machined to a size shown in Table 1, was used to assemble three types of assembling materials having the shapes shown in FIG. In addition, both ends of each assembly material are made of low carbon steel similar to the above, and have an outer diameter of 5
A sealing plate having a thickness of 7.8 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was attached. The facing surface of each material was finished to have Rmax of 6.3 μm.

【００６９】[0069]

【表１】 [Table 1]

【００７０】次いで、これらの組立素材を真空チャンバ
ー内に挿入し、各素材の隙間の真空度を２〜３×１０^-3
Ｔｏｒｒになるように脱気した後、上記真空チャンバー
内でその両端の封止板と外面被覆材の嵌合面を電子ビー
ム溶接することで密封シールした。Then, these assembled materials are inserted into a vacuum chamber, and the degree of vacuum in the gap between the materials is set to 2-3 × 10 ^-3.
After degassing to Torr, the fitting surfaces of the sealing plates at both ends of the vacuum chamber and the outer surface coating material were electron-beam welded in the vacuum chamber to hermetically seal.

【００７１】その後、これらの組立素材を加熱炉に装入
して９５０℃に加熱し、３個のコーン型ロールを備える
傾斜圧延機を用いて外径１７．５ｍｍ、長さ約５０００
ｍｍに延伸圧延した。この延伸圧延時、組立素材No. ３
については外側に膨れが発生し圧延不能となったが、組
立素材No. １とNo. ２については何らの問題もなく圧延
することができた。After that, these assembly materials were put into a heating furnace and heated to 950 ° C., and an outer diameter of 17.5 mm and a length of about 5,000 were measured by using an inclined rolling machine equipped with three cone type rolls.
It was stretch-rolled to mm. Assembly material No. 3 during this drawing and rolling
No. 1 and No. 2 were able to be rolled without any problems.

【００７２】次いで、延伸圧延することができた組立素
材No. １とNo. ２から得られた複合材料の両端に設けた
封止板に相当する端部長を切断除去した後、外面被覆材
を１８％硝酸水溶液中に浸漬して溶解除去した。この外
面被覆材の溶解除去時、内面被覆材の両端面部分が１５
ｍｍ程度溶解除去されていた。また、この外面被覆材除
去後の複合材料のうち、組立素材No. １のものについて
断面寸法を測定したところ、形状記憶合金管の外径が１
４．４ｍｍ、肉厚が１．６５ｍｍであり、内面被覆材の
外径が１１．１ｍｍであった。Next, after cutting and removing the end lengths corresponding to the sealing plates provided at both ends of the composite material obtained from the stretched and rolled assembly materials No. 1 and No. 2, the outer surface coating material was removed. It was immersed in an aqueous 18% nitric acid solution and dissolved and removed. When the outer coating material is dissolved and removed, both end portions of the inner coating material are removed by 15
It was dissolved and removed by about mm. In addition, when the cross-sectional dimension of the composite material No. 1 out of the composite material after removing the outer surface coating material was measured, the outer diameter of the shape memory alloy pipe was 1
The thickness was 4.4 mm, the wall thickness was 1.65 mm, and the outer diameter of the inner surface coating material was 11.1 mm.

【００７３】その後、組立素材No. ２を用いて得られた
外面被覆材除去後の複合材料については、内面被覆材の
溶解消失長さに相当する形状記憶合金管の両管端部分を
切断除去するとともに、一方端については形状記憶合金
管部分のみをさらに１５０ｍｍ切削除去した。そして、
伸線機を用い、形状記憶合金管をダイスで長手方向不動
に支持し、一方管端から突出した内面被覆材部分をグリ
ッパーで把持して内面被覆材を引き抜こうとしたとこ
ろ、形状記憶合金管が破損し、内面被覆材を形状記憶合
金管から引き抜くことができなかった。Thereafter, for the composite material obtained by using the assembly material No. 2 after removing the outer surface coating material, both pipe end portions of the shape memory alloy pipe corresponding to the dissolution disappearance length of the inner surface coating material are cut and removed. At the same time, about one end, only the shape memory alloy pipe portion was further cut and removed by 150 mm. And
Using a wire drawing machine, the shape memory alloy tube was supported immovably in the longitudinal direction with a die, and when the inner surface coating material portion protruding from the one end was gripped with a gripper and the inner surface coating material was pulled out, the shape memory alloy tube was It was damaged and the inner surface covering could not be pulled out from the shape memory alloy tube.

【００７４】一方、組立素材No. １を用いて得られた外
面被覆材除去後の複合材料については、内面被覆材の溶
解消失長さに相当する形状記憶合金管の両管端部分を切
断除去後、凸型上ロールと凹型下ロールとを対向配置し
た単スタンドの棒鋼用矯正圧延機を用い、複合材の外径
を０．４ｍｍ（２．８％）減ずるパススケジュールで回
転曲げ変形を施した。On the other hand, regarding the composite material obtained by using the assembly material No. 1 after removing the outer surface coating material, both pipe end portions of the shape memory alloy pipe corresponding to the dissolution disappearance length of the inner surface coating material are cut and removed. After that, using a single-stand straightening and rolling mill for steel bars in which a convex upper roll and a concave lower roll are opposed to each other, rotary bending deformation is performed by a pass schedule that reduces the outer diameter of the composite material by 0.4 mm (2.8%). did.

【００７５】しかる後、形状記憶合金管を長手方向不動
に固定し、一方管端より内面被覆材を外径１０ｍｍの棒
材を用いて人手で押したところ、いずれの複合材料も内
面被覆材を形状記憶合金管から極めて簡単に引き抜き除
去することができた。After that, the shape memory alloy pipe was fixed immovably in the longitudinal direction, and the inner surface coating material was pressed manually from the end of the tube with a rod having an outer diameter of 10 mm. It could be extracted and removed from the shape memory alloy tube very easily.

【００７６】この時、抜き取られた内面被覆材について
外径を測定したところ、その外径は１１．０ｍｍであっ
た。また、その形状記憶合金管の寸法は、外径１４．４
ｍｍ、内径１１．１ｍｍ、肉厚１．６５ｍｍ、長さ４４
００ｍｍであった。At this time, when the outer diameter of the removed inner surface coating material was measured, the outer diameter was 11.0 mm. The shape memory alloy tube has an outer diameter of 14.4.
mm, inner diameter 11.1 mm, wall thickness 1.65 mm, length 44
It was 00 mm.

【００７７】（実施例２）内外面の被覆材がＪＩＳ−Ｈ
３３００に規定されている無酸素銅製で、形状記憶合金
素管が原子％で２１．３％のＺｎと６％Ａｌを含有し、
残部がＣｕおよび不可避的不純部からなる形状記憶合金
素管であり、それぞれ機械加工によって表２に示す寸法
に仕上げた素材を用い、前述の図３に示す形状の組立素
材（No. ４）を組み立てた。また、組立素材の一方端に
は、上記同様の無酸素銅製で、外径３３．８ｍｍ、肉厚
１０ｍｍの封止板を装着した。なお、各素材の対向面
は、Ｒｍａｘで２５μｍに仕上げた。(Example 2) The coating material on the inner and outer surfaces is JIS-H.
Made of oxygen-free copper specified in 3300, the shape memory alloy tube contains 21.3% Zn and 6% Al in atomic%,
The rest is a shape memory alloy tube made of Cu and unavoidable impurities. Each material is machined to the dimensions shown in Table 2 and the assembly material (No. 4) having the shape shown in FIG. 3 is used. Assembled A sealing plate made of oxygen-free copper similar to the above and having an outer diameter of 33.8 mm and a wall thickness of 10 mm was attached to one end of the assembly material. The facing surface of each material was finished to have a Rmax of 25 μm.

【００７８】[0078]

【表２】 [Table 2]

【００７９】次いで、この組立素材を真空チャンバー内
に挿入し、各素材の隙間の真空度を２〜３×１０^-3Ｔｏ
ｒｒになるように脱気した後、上記真空チャンバー内で
その一方端については封止板と外面被覆材との嵌合面
を、他方端については外面被覆材の端部に形成した突起
部との嵌合面を電子ビーム溶接することによって密封シ
ールした。Next, this assembled material is inserted into a vacuum chamber, and the degree of vacuum in the gap between the materials is set to 2-3 × 10 ^-3 To.
After deaeration to rr, a fitting surface between the sealing plate and the outer surface covering material is formed at one end of the vacuum chamber, and a protrusion is formed at the end of the outer surface covering material at the other end. The mating surface of was sealed by electron beam welding.

【００８０】その後、この組立素材を加熱炉に装入して
８５０℃に加熱し、熱間押出し装置を用いて外径２２ｍ
ｍ、長さ約６５０ｍｍの複合材料に延伸加工し、得られ
た複合材料の両端に設けた無酸素銅からなる封止板と突
起部に相当する端部長を切断除去して４００ｍｍの長さ
にした。この両端除去後の複合材料の断面寸法を測定し
たところ、形状記憶合金管はその外径が１４．５ｍｍ、
肉厚が２．４ｍｍであった。また、内面被覆材はその外
径が９．７ｍｍであった。Then, the assembled material was charged into a heating furnace and heated to 850 ° C., and an outer diameter of 22 m was obtained using a hot extrusion device.
m, the composite material having a length of about 650 mm was drawn, and the sealing plate made of oxygen-free copper provided at both ends of the obtained composite material and the end length corresponding to the protrusion were cut and removed to have a length of 400 mm. did. When the cross-sectional dimension of the composite material after removing the both ends was measured, the shape memory alloy tube had an outer diameter of 14.5 mm,
The wall thickness was 2.4 mm. The outer diameter of the inner surface coating material was 9.7 mm.

【００８１】次いで、旋盤を用いて外面被覆材を切削除
去することにより、その外径を１４ｍｍに仕上げ、この
外面被覆材除去後の複合材料を、凸型上ロールと凹型下
ロールを対向配置した棒鋼の矯正圧延機に通し、外径を
０．２ｍｍ（１．４％）減ずるパススケジュールで回転
曲げ変形加工を冷間にて施した。Next, the outer surface coating material was cut and removed using a lathe to finish the outer diameter to 14 mm, and the composite material after the removal of the outer surface coating material was placed with the convex upper roll and the concave lower roll facing each other. The steel sheet was passed through a steel bar straightening and rolling machine, and subjected to cold rolling and bending deformation processing according to a pass schedule in which the outer diameter was reduced by 0.2 mm (1.4%).

【００８２】しかる後、形状記憶合金管を長手方向不動
に固定し、一方管端より内面被覆材を外径８ｍｍの棒材
を用いて人手で押したところ、内面被覆材を形状記憶合
金管から極めて簡単に引き抜き除去することができた。After that, the shape memory alloy pipe was fixed immovably in the longitudinal direction, and the inner surface coating material was pushed manually from the end of the pipe with a rod having an outer diameter of 8 mm. It could be extracted and removed very easily.

【００８３】この時、抜き取られた各材料の断面寸法を
測定したところ、内面被覆材の外径は９．６ｍｍであっ
た。また、形状記憶合金管の外径は１４．０ｍｍ、内径
は９．７ｍｍ、肉厚は２．１５ｍｍ、長さは４００ｍｍ
であった。At this time, when the cross-sectional dimensions of each of the extracted materials were measured, the outer diameter of the inner surface coating material was 9.6 mm. The shape memory alloy tube has an outer diameter of 14.0 mm, an inner diameter of 9.7 mm, a wall thickness of 2.15 mm, and a length of 400 mm.
Met.

【００８４】[0084]

【発明の効果】本発明の方法によれば、熱間延伸加工後
の複合材料に回転曲げ変形加工を施すことで、相互に密
着した形状記憶合金性管と内面側被覆材（心金）とを剥
離離間させて両者間に隙間を形成させる。この結果、内
面側被覆材（心金）を容易に引き抜き除去することが可
能になるので、生産性が向上する。According to the method of the present invention, the composite material after hot drawing is subjected to rotational bending deformation processing, whereby the shape memory alloy tube and the inner surface side coating material (core metal) which are in close contact with each other are formed. Are separated from each other to form a gap therebetween. As a result, it becomes possible to easily pull out and remove the inner surface side coating material (core metal), so that the productivity is improved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明の製造工程を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a view showing a manufacturing process of the present invention.

【図２】本発明の方法に用いる加工前の組立素材の一例
を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of an assembly material before processing used in the method of the present invention.

【図３】本発明の方法に用いる加工前の組立素材の他の
例を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing another example of an assembling material before processing used in the method of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１、１１：組立素材、 ２、１２：形状記憶合金素管、 ３、１３：外面被覆材、 ４、１４：内面被覆材、 １４ａ ：突起部 ５、１５：封止板、 ６、１６：密封シール。 1, 11: Assembly material, 2, 12: Shape memory alloy tube, 3, 13: Outer surface covering material, 4, 14: Inner surface covering material, 14a: Protrusion part 5, 15: Sealing plate, 6, 16: Sealing sticker.

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】形状記憶合金製の管状体の内面または内外
面を非形状記憶合金材料からなる被覆材で被覆してな
り、前記の管状体と被覆材との間隙を２ｍｍ以下にして
なる組立素材を所定の温度に加熱した後、この組立素材
に熱間延伸加工を施して所定の寸法に加工し、この加工
後の複合材料に回転曲げ変形加工を施し、しかる後に内
面被覆材料を抜き取ることを特徴とする形状記憶合金管
の製造方法。1. An assembly comprising a tubular body made of a shape memory alloy, the inner surface or inner and outer surfaces of which are coated with a coating material made of a non-shape memory alloy material, and the gap between the tubular body and the coating material is 2 mm or less. After heating the material to a predetermined temperature, subject this assembled material to hot drawing to a given dimension, subject the composite material after this processing to rotary bending deformation, and then remove the inner coating material. A method of manufacturing a shape memory alloy tube, comprising: 【請求項２】組立素材が外面被覆材を有する場合、その
外面被覆材の除去を、回転曲げ変形加工の前後のいずれ
かにおいて、切削または酸洗によって除去することを特
徴とする請求項１に記載の形状記憶合金管の製造方法。2. When the assembled material has an outer surface covering material, the outer surface covering material is removed by cutting or pickling either before or after the rotary bending process. A method for manufacturing the shape memory alloy tube described.