JPH09184629A - Pre-mixing device for gas turbine combustion apparatus - Google Patents
Pre-mixing device for gas turbine combustion apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09184629A JPH09184629A JP2496A JP2496A JPH09184629A JP H09184629 A JPH09184629 A JP H09184629A JP 2496 A JP2496 A JP 2496A JP 2496 A JP2496 A JP 2496A JP H09184629 A JPH09184629 A JP H09184629A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- premixer
- mixing device
- fuel
- straight pipe
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明はガスタービン燃焼器
に係り、特に、低ＮＯｘ燃焼器の予混合器に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gas turbine combustor, and more particularly to a premixer for a low NOx combustor.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】排出ガスの低ＮＯｘ化を達成するため
に、ガスタービン燃焼器では、燃料と空気を予め混合し
て燃焼させる予混合燃焼方式が採用されている。燃料と
空気を分離して燃焼させる拡散燃焼方式に比べて、予混
合方式では火炎の温度を低くできるため、排出ガス中の
ＮＯｘの発生が低い。予混合方式では、燃料と空気を予
め混合するために、燃焼室の上流に予混合器が設けられ
る。従来のガスタービン燃焼器の予混合器では、特開平
2−217015 号公報に記載されている様に、曲がりを有す
る管路の内部に燃料ノズルが設けられ、燃料ノズルから
流出した燃料は、管路の内部を流れる燃焼用空気と混合
する。混合した前記燃料と前記燃焼用空気は、予混合器
出口から燃焼室に流入して燃焼する。2. Description of the Related Art In order to reduce NOx in exhaust gas, a gas turbine combustor employs a premixed combustion system in which fuel and air are premixed and burned. Compared with the diffusion combustion method in which fuel and air are separated and burned, the flame temperature can be lowered in the premixing method, so that NOx in the exhaust gas is generated less. In the premix system, a premixer is provided upstream of the combustion chamber in order to premix the fuel and air. In a conventional gas turbine combustor premixer,
As described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-217015, a fuel nozzle is provided inside a pipe having a bend, and the fuel flowing out from the fuel nozzle mixes with combustion air flowing inside the pipe. The mixed fuel and combustion air flow into the combustion chamber from the premixer outlet and burn.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】この従来例では、予混
合器内の曲がり部における偏流によって、予混合器出口
で流速の不均一が発生する。このため、燃焼室内の火炎
の安定性が低下し、火炎の吹き消えや、火炎が燃焼室か
ら予混合器内部に戻る逆火を生じる可能性がある。そこ
で、予混合器出口で流速分布を均一にするために、曲が
り部の下流に長い直管部を設ける必要があり、燃焼器を
コンパクトにすることが難しい。また、燃焼不安定に伴
って圧力が変動する燃焼振動の大きさは、空気流路の長
さに依存するが、従来例では予混合器長さを短くして振
動を抑制することは難しい。さらに、燃焼用空気の温度
が高い場合や、着火温度の低い燃料の場合には、燃料ノ
ズルから燃焼室入口までに自発火する可能性があり、従
来例では予混合器長さを短くして、これを抑制すること
はできない。In this conventional example, the flow velocity is nonuniform at the outlet of the premixer due to the drift in the curved portion in the premixer. For this reason, the stability of the flame in the combustion chamber is reduced, and there is a possibility that the flame may be blown out or a flashback may occur in which the flame returns from the combustion chamber to the inside of the premixer. Therefore, in order to make the flow velocity distribution uniform at the outlet of the premixer, it is necessary to provide a long straight pipe portion downstream of the curved portion, and it is difficult to make the combustor compact. Further, the magnitude of the combustion vibration in which the pressure fluctuates due to the unstable combustion depends on the length of the air passage, but it is difficult to suppress the vibration by shortening the length of the premixer in the conventional example. Furthermore, when the temperature of the combustion air is high or when the fuel has a low ignition temperature, there is a possibility of spontaneous ignition from the fuel nozzle to the combustion chamber inlet.In the conventional example, shorten the premixer length. , This cannot be suppressed.
【０００４】本発明の目的は、短い予混合器長さで予混
合器出口での流速分布を均一化できるガスタービン燃焼
器の予混合器を提供することにある。It is an object of the present invention to provide a premixer for a gas turbine combustor which can make the flow velocity distribution at the premixer outlet uniform with a short premixer length.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明によるガスタービ
ン燃焼器の予混合器では、曲がり管下流の直管部に多孔
板もしくは格子板を設置する。In the premixer of the gas turbine combustor according to the present invention, a perforated plate or a lattice plate is installed in the straight pipe portion downstream of the bent pipe.
【０００６】本発明によるガスタービン燃焼器の予混合
器では、曲がり部下流に設置した多孔板もしくは格子板
により、曲がり部で発生する偏流を整流し、短い予混合
器長さで、燃焼器入口の流速分布を均一にできる。この
ため、火炎の吹き飛びや逆火を抑制することができ、予
混合器長さを変化させて燃焼振動を抑制できる。さら
に、短い予混合器により、自発火を防止することができ
る。本発明により、上記の作用を持つコンパクトな予混
合器を提供できる。In the premixer of the gas turbine combustor according to the present invention, the perforated plate or the lattice plate installed at the downstream of the bent portion rectifies the uneven flow generated at the bent portion, and the combustor inlet has a short premixer length. The flow velocity distribution can be made uniform. For this reason, it is possible to suppress blowout of the flame and flashback, and it is possible to suppress combustion vibration by changing the length of the premixer. Furthermore, the short premixer can prevent spontaneous ignition. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a compact premixer having the above-mentioned effects.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】図１に本発明の具体的な一実施例
である予混合器を示す。この予混合器は、外筒１，内筒
２，外筒１と内筒２の中間に設置された仕切り板３，内
筒２と仕切り板３を繋ぐ多孔板４，外筒１と内筒２を取
り付けるカバー５、およびカバー５に取り付けられた燃
料ノズル６から構成される。空気７は、外筒１と内筒２
と仕切り板３によって形成された流入部８，曲がり管部
９，直管部１０を流れ、予混合器出口１１を通って燃焼
室１２に流入する。燃料１３は、燃料溜め１４から燃料
ノズル６を通って曲がり管部９の内部の空気７と混合す
る。図２に、本実施例で用いる多孔板４を示す。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a premixer which is a specific embodiment of the present invention. This premixer includes an outer cylinder 1, an inner cylinder 2, a partition plate 3 installed between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, a porous plate 4 connecting the inner cylinder 2 and the partition plate 4, an outer cylinder 1 and an inner cylinder. 2 and a fuel nozzle 6 attached to the cover 5. Air 7 has an outer cylinder 1 and an inner cylinder 2
It flows through the inflow portion 8, the curved pipe portion 9, and the straight pipe portion 10 formed by the partition plate 3, and then flows into the combustion chamber 12 through the premixer outlet 11. The fuel 13 mixes with the air 7 inside the bent pipe section 9 from the fuel reservoir 14 through the fuel nozzle 6. FIG. 2 shows the perforated plate 4 used in this example.
【０００８】図３は本実施例の効果を示す数値計算結果
である。多孔板４が無い場合、曲がり管部を出た流れ
は、慣性力の効果で内筒側の流速が速くなり、仕切り板
側の流速が遅くなる。このため、予混合器出口１１での
流速分布が不均一になり、燃焼室１２内に形成される火
炎が不安定になって、火炎の吹き消えや、火炎が燃焼室
１２から予混合器１１内部に戻る逆火を生じる可能性が
ある。一方、多孔板４を設置した場合には、低流速領域
よりも、高流速領域での運動エネルギをより低減できる
ため、予混合器出口１１での流速分布がより均一にな
る。これにより、短い直管部１０で、火炎の吹き飛びや
逆火を抑制できる。また、燃焼用空気７の温度が高い場
合や、着火温度の低い燃料１３の場合でも、短い予混合
器により、自発火を防止することができる。FIG. 3 is a numerical calculation result showing the effect of this embodiment. When the porous plate 4 is not provided, the flow exiting the curved pipe portion has a high flow velocity on the inner cylinder side and a low flow velocity on the partition plate side due to the effect of inertial force. Therefore, the flow velocity distribution at the premixer outlet 11 becomes non-uniform, the flame formed in the combustion chamber 12 becomes unstable, the flame blows off, and the flame is discharged from the combustion chamber 12 to the premixer 11. May cause flashback back inside. On the other hand, when the porous plate 4 is installed, the kinetic energy in the high flow velocity region can be reduced more than in the low flow velocity region, so that the flow velocity distribution at the premixer outlet 11 becomes more uniform. As a result, the short straight pipe portion 10 can suppress flame blowout and flashback. Further, even when the temperature of the combustion air 7 is high or when the fuel 13 has a low ignition temperature, the short premixer can prevent spontaneous ignition.
【０００９】図４に、本発明の第２の実施例を示す。本
実施例では、第１の実施例の多孔板４の代わりに格子板
１５を用いており、この実施例によっても、流速分布の
均一化が可能である。FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the lattice plate 15 is used in place of the porous plate 4 of the first embodiment, and this embodiment can also make the flow velocity distribution uniform.
【００１０】図５に、本発明の第３の実施例を示す。本
実施例では、多孔板４の孔径と孔の数密度を場所ごとに
変えている。本多孔板４では、特に、流速の速い内筒２
側の孔径か孔の数密度を小さくすることにより、より均
一な流速分布を得ることができる。FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the hole diameter and the hole number density of the perforated plate 4 are changed for each place. In the perforated plate 4, the inner cylinder 2 having a particularly high flow velocity
A more uniform flow velocity distribution can be obtained by reducing the hole diameter or the number density of holes on the side.
【００１１】図６に、本発明の第４の実施例を示す。本
実施例では、多孔板４を内筒２と仕切り板３の間、内筒
２側だけに設置している。本実施例の場合には、さらに
多孔板４の設置に伴う予混合器の圧力損失の増加を低減
することができる。FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the perforated plate 4 is installed only between the inner cylinder 2 and the partition plate 3 and on the inner cylinder 2 side. In the case of this embodiment, it is possible to further reduce the increase in pressure loss of the premixer due to the installation of the porous plate 4.
【００１２】図７に、第１の実施例の変形例を示す。本
変形例では、曲がり管部９の下流に長い直管部１０が取
り付けられており、この場合でも予混合器出口１１での
流速分布を均一化することができる。この変形例では、
燃料と空気の混合度を高くできるとともに、予混合器出
口１１での流速分布が直管部の長さに依存しないため、
予混合器の長さを適当に調節して燃焼振動を抑制でき
る。FIG. 7 shows a modification of the first embodiment. In this modification, a long straight pipe portion 10 is attached downstream of the curved pipe portion 9, and even in this case, the flow velocity distribution at the premixer outlet 11 can be made uniform. In this variation,
Since the degree of mixing of fuel and air can be increased and the flow velocity distribution at the premixer outlet 11 does not depend on the length of the straight pipe portion,
Combustion vibration can be suppressed by appropriately adjusting the length of the premixer.
【００１３】図８に、第１の実施例の変形例を示す。本
変形例では、曲がり管９内部の流路を燃料ノズル６の位
置で狭くし、多孔板４部で流路を広くし、再び直管部１
０で流路面積を狭くしている。この実施例では、多孔板
４の位置で流路が広く、流速が小さくなるため、流速が
均一化しやすい。また、燃料ノズル６の位置で流路を狭
くしてあるため、燃料と空気の混合が良く、また、直管
部１０で流路面積を狭くしているため、逆火を防止でき
る。FIG. 8 shows a modification of the first embodiment. In this modification, the flow passage inside the bent pipe 9 is narrowed at the position of the fuel nozzle 6, the flow passage is widened at the perforated plate 4, and the straight pipe portion 1 is again provided.
At 0, the flow passage area is narrowed. In this embodiment, since the flow passage is wide and the flow velocity is small at the position of the porous plate 4, the flow velocity is easy to be uniform. Further, since the flow passage is narrowed at the position of the fuel nozzle 6, the fuel and air are mixed well, and since the flow passage area is narrowed in the straight pipe portion 10, flashback can be prevented.
【００１４】図９に、第１の実施例の変形例を示す。本
変形例では、燃料ノズル６を曲がり管９の入口に配置し
ている。本変形例では、燃焼用空気７と燃料１３の混合
距離を大きくできるため、コンパクト化による燃料混合
度の低下を防ぐことができる。FIG. 9 shows a modification of the first embodiment. In this modification, the fuel nozzle 6 is arranged at the inlet of the bent pipe 9. In this modification, since the mixing distance between the combustion air 7 and the fuel 13 can be increased, it is possible to prevent the decrease in the fuel mixing degree due to the compactness.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、短い予混合器長さで、
燃焼器入口の流速分布を均一化できる。このため、火炎
の吹き飛びや逆火を抑制し、また、予混合器長さを変化
させて燃焼振動を抑制できる。さらに、短い予混合器に
より、自発火を防止することができ、コンパクトな予混
合器を提供することができる。According to the present invention, with a short premixer length,
The flow velocity distribution at the combustor inlet can be made uniform. For this reason, it is possible to suppress blowout of the flame and backfire, and change the premixer length to suppress combustion oscillation. Furthermore, the short premixer can prevent spontaneous ignition and can provide a compact premixer.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施例を表す予混合器の断面
図。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a premixer showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１に示された予混合器に用いる多孔板の斜視
図。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a perforated plate used in the premixer shown in FIG.
【図３】第１の実施例の効果を示す数値計算結果の説明
図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a numerical calculation result showing the effect of the first embodiment.
【図４】本発明の第２の実施例を示す格子板の斜視図。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a lattice plate showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の第３の実施例を表す予混合器の断面
図。FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a premixer representing a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の第４の実施例を表す予混合器の断面
図。FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a premixer showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の第１の実施例の変形例を表す予混合器
の断面図。FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a premixer showing a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図８】本発明の第１の実施例の変形例を表す予混合器
の断面図。FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a premixer showing a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図９】本発明の第１の実施例の変形例を表す予混合器
の断面図。FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a premixer showing a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
１…外筒、２…内筒、３…仕切り板、４…多孔板、５…
カバー、６…燃料ノズル、７…燃焼用空気、８…流入
部、９…曲がり管部、１０…直管部、１１…予混合器出
口、１２…燃焼室、１３…燃料、１４…燃料溜め、１５
…格子板。1 ... Outer cylinder, 2 ... Inner cylinder, 3 ... Partition plate, 4 ... Perforated plate, 5 ...
Cover, 6 ... Fuel nozzle, 7 ... Combustion air, 8 ... Inflow section, 9 ... Curved tube section, 10 ... Straight tube section, 11 ... Premixer outlet, 12 ... Combustion chamber, 13 ... Fuel, 14 ... Fuel sump , 15
... lattice board.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 平田 義隆 茨城県日立市大みか町七丁目２番１号 株 式会社日立製作所電力・電機開発本部内 (72)発明者 小林 成喜 茨城県日立市大みか町七丁目２番１号 株 式会社日立製作所電力・電機開発本部内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Yoshitaka Hirata Inventor Yoshitaka Hirata 7-2-1, Omika-cho, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi, Ltd. Electric Power and Electric Development Division (72) Inventor Shigeki Kobayashi Omi-ka, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki 7-2-1 Machi, Ltd. Electric Power & Electric Development Division, Hitachi, Ltd.
Claims (3)
と、前記直管に連結した燃焼室と、前記曲がり管および
前記直管の内部を流れる燃焼用空気の中に、前記曲管も
しくは前記直管内の燃料噴射装置により燃料を噴射して
前記燃焼用空気と前記燃料を混合せしめるようにしたガ
スタービン燃焼器の予混合器において、前記直管の内部
に多孔板もしくは格子板を設置したことを特徴とするガ
スタービン燃焼器の予混合器。1. A bent pipe, a straight pipe connected to the bent pipe, a combustion chamber connected to the straight pipe, and combustion air flowing inside the bent pipe and the straight pipe. Alternatively, in a premixer of a gas turbine combustor in which fuel is injected by a fuel injection device in the straight pipe to mix the combustion air and the fuel, a porous plate or a lattice plate is installed inside the straight pipe. A premixer for a gas turbine combustor characterized by the above.
板面内で場所ごとに変化させた請求項１に記載のガスタ
ービン燃焼器の予混合器。2. The premixer for a gas turbine combustor according to claim 1, wherein the aperture ratio of the perforated plate or the lattice plate is changed in each position within the plate surface.
の内部断面内の一部に設置した請求項１に記載のガスタ
ービン燃焼器の予混合器。3. The premixer for a gas turbine combustor according to claim 1, wherein the perforated plate or the lattice plate is installed in a part of an inner cross section of the straight pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2496A JPH09184629A (en) | 1996-01-04 | 1996-01-04 | Pre-mixing device for gas turbine combustion apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2496A JPH09184629A (en) | 1996-01-04 | 1996-01-04 | Pre-mixing device for gas turbine combustion apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09184629A true JPH09184629A (en) | 1997-07-15 |
Family
ID=11462833
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2496A Pending JPH09184629A (en) | 1996-01-04 | 1996-01-04 | Pre-mixing device for gas turbine combustion apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09184629A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007095491A (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-12 | Equos Research Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| JP2008180445A (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-08-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustor |
| JP2009192175A (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2009-08-27 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustor |
| US20120045725A1 (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2012-02-23 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Combustor |
| WO2012124467A1 (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2012-09-20 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine |
| JP2017009262A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2017-01-12 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | Gas turbine combustor |
| JP2017161109A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2017-09-14 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine |
| EP3392570A1 (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-10-24 | Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. | Combustor nozzle assembly and gas turbine having the same |
| JP2020091039A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-11 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | Combustor of gas turbine, and gas turbine comprising the same |
-
1996
- 1996-01-04 JP JP2496A patent/JPH09184629A/en active Pending
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007095491A (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-12 | Equos Research Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| JP2008180445A (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-08-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustor |
| JP2009192175A (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2009-08-27 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustor |
| US9863637B2 (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2018-01-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Combustor |
| US20120045725A1 (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2012-02-23 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Combustor |
| WO2012124467A1 (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2012-09-20 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine |
| CN103080653A (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2013-05-01 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine |
| JPWO2012124467A1 (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2014-07-17 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine |
| JP5524407B2 (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2014-06-18 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine |
| US9719419B2 (en) | 2011-03-16 | 2017-08-01 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Gas turbine combustor with top hat nozzle arrangements |
| JP2017009262A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2017-01-12 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | Gas turbine combustor |
| JP2017161109A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2017-09-14 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine |
| WO2017154900A1 (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2017-09-14 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine |
| EP3428536A4 (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2019-07-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine |
| EP3392570A1 (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-10-24 | Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. | Combustor nozzle assembly and gas turbine having the same |
| US11015810B2 (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2021-05-25 | Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. | Combustor nozzle assembly and gas turbine having the same |
| JP2020091039A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-11 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | Combustor of gas turbine, and gas turbine comprising the same |
| WO2020116113A1 (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-11 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine equipped with same |
| US11480339B2 (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2022-10-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Combustor for gas turbine and gas turbine having the same |
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