JPH09143488A - Purification of highly unsaturated fatty acid ester - Google Patents

Purification of highly unsaturated fatty acid ester

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Publication number
JPH09143488A
JPH09143488A JP33100095A JP33100095A JPH09143488A JP H09143488 A JPH09143488 A JP H09143488A JP 33100095 A JP33100095 A JP 33100095A JP 33100095 A JP33100095 A JP 33100095A JP H09143488 A JPH09143488 A JP H09143488A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fatty acid
water
unsaturated fatty
lower alkyl
soluble solvent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP33100095A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuhiro Akama
和博 赤間
Shigeru Matsuyoshi
繁 松吉
Masato Mori
真人 森
Yoshiro Nakano
善郎 中野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NOF Corp
Original Assignee
Nippon Oil and Fats Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Oil and Fats Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Oil and Fats Co Ltd
Priority to JP33100095A priority Critical patent/JPH09143488A/en
Publication of JPH09143488A publication Critical patent/JPH09143488A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an industrially advantageous method for purifying highly unsaturated fatty acid esters from a mixture of fatty acid lower alkyl esters without getting a heat degeneration in a good efficiency. SOLUTION: This method for purifying a highly unsaturated fatty acid esters is to mix and treat by extracting a mixture of fatty acid lower alkyl esters containing unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl esters having >=0.4 degree of double bond [number of double bonds in the fatty acid/(carbon number of fatty acid portion-10)] with a hydrocarbon-based solvent and a water soluble solvent, then separate and collect the aqueous solvent layer, then distill off the water soluble solvent therein for raising the content of the unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl esters having >=0.4 degree of double bond.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は高度不飽和脂肪酸エ
ステルの精製方法の改良に関し、さらに詳しくは、二重
結合度[脂肪酸部分の二重結合数/(脂肪酸部分の炭素
数−10)]0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエス
テルを含む脂肪酸低級アルキルエステル混合物から、二
重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステ
ルの含有量を効率よく高めることができる工業的に有利
な高度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの精製方法に関するもので
ある。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to improvement of a method for purifying a highly unsaturated fatty acid ester, and more specifically, the degree of double bond [number of double bonds in fatty acid part / (number of carbon atoms in fatty acid part-10)] 0. An industrially advantageous level that can efficiently increase the content of unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more from a fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixture containing 0.4 or more unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester. The present invention relates to a method for purifying unsaturated fatty acid ester.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】γ−リノレン酸、ジホモγ−リノレン
酸、アラキドン酸、エイコサペンタエン酸、ドコサヘキ
サエン酸などの高度不飽和脂肪酸は、高等動物におい
て、血圧、ホルモン分泌系、免疫系などを調節し、種々
の機能を有するプロスタグランジン類の前駆体としての
役割を果たすとともに、それ自体が生体膜の主要構成成
分として、膜の流動性をコントロールするなど、種々の
生理活性を示す重要な脂肪酸である。また、最近の栄養
学では、世界的に飽和脂肪酸の摂りすぎを改善し、ω3
系/ω6系のバランスのとれた高度不飽和脂肪酸を摂取
することが提唱されている。このような高度不飽和脂肪
酸は、健康食品や医薬品の分野で利用でき、すでにα−
リノレン酸、エイコサペンタエン酸、ドコサヘキサエン
酸などは健康食品として商品化されており、また、エイ
コサペンタエン酸エチルを高い含有量で含む脂肪酸エチ
ルエステルは、高脂血症改善薬の医薬品の原料として有
用である。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as γ-linolenic acid, dihomo γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid regulate blood pressure, hormone secretion system, immune system, etc. in higher animals, It is an important fatty acid that plays a role as a precursor of prostaglandins having various functions, and as a main constituent of biological membranes, it has various physiological activities such as controlling the fluidity of membranes. . In recent nutrition studies, we have been improving the intake of saturated fatty acids worldwide,
It has been proposed to ingest balanced polyunsaturated fatty acids of system / ω6 system. Such polyunsaturated fatty acids can be used in the fields of health foods and pharmaceuticals, and already have α-
Linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, etc. have been commercialized as health foods, and fatty acid ethyl ester containing a high content of ethyl eicosapentaenoate is useful as a raw material for pharmaceuticals for hyperlipidemia improving drugs. is there.

【0003】従来、脂肪酸混合物から、エイコサペンタ
エン酸(EPA)やドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)など
の高度不飽和脂肪酸を濃縮する方法として、例えば蒸留
法、尿素付加法、超臨界抽出法、溶媒抽出法、カラムク
ロマトグラフ法などが知られており、これらの方法の中
で、すでに工業的に利用されているものもある。前記蒸
留法は、基本的には炭素数の異なるものを分離する方法
であって、同一炭素数で二重結合度の異なる脂肪酸を分
離することは困難である上、減圧蒸留法を用いても操作
温度が約200℃と高いため、熱変性物が生成するのを
免れないなどの欠点を有している。また、DHAはEP
Aよりさらに沸点が高いため、蒸留することは困難であ
る(特公平3−47259号公報、特開平4−4145
7号公報、特開平4−128250号公報)。尿素付加
法においては、二重結合数によって選択的に分別可能で
あるが、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸の濃縮を
工業的レベルで実施するのは極めて困難である上、大量
の尿素及び溶剤を使用するのでコスト高になるのを免れ
ず、しかも尿素の回収操作が煩雑であるなどの欠点があ
る(特開昭58−8037号公報、特開昭62−727
93号公報)。
Conventionally, as a method for concentrating highly unsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from a fatty acid mixture, for example, distillation method, urea addition method, supercritical extraction method, solvent extraction method, The column chromatographic method and the like are known, and among these methods, some have already been industrially used. The distillation method is basically a method of separating those having different carbon numbers, and it is difficult to separate fatty acids having the same number of carbon atoms and different double bonds, and even if a vacuum distillation method is used. Since the operating temperature is as high as about 200 ° C., it has a drawback in that it is inevitable to generate a heat-denatured product. Also, DHA is EP
Since it has a higher boiling point than A, it is difficult to distill it (Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-47259, JP-A-4-4145).
No. 7, JP-A-4-128250). In the urea addition method, it is possible to selectively separate by the number of double bonds, but it is extremely difficult to carry out the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more at an industrial level, and a large amount is required. Since the use of the urea and the solvent described above, the cost is inevitable, and the urea recovery operation is complicated (JP-A-58-8037 and JP-A-62-727).
No. 93).

【0004】超臨界抽出法は、最近注目されている技術
であって、食品関連物質の抽出や精製に応用されてお
り、特に二酸化炭素を抽出溶媒に用いた超臨界ガス抽出
法ではEPAやDHAなどの分離が試みられている(特
開昭60−214757号公報、特開昭64−7906
号公報)。しかしながら、この方法においても、脂肪酸
の分離については、蒸留法と同じ原理で炭素数の異なる
ものの分離しかできない上、設備的に大がかりなものと
なり、簡便な方法とはいえない。一方、溶媒抽出法は古
くから知られている技術であって、例えば融点の高い脂
肪酸(オレイン酸)と融点の低い脂肪酸(ステアリン
酸)のアセトニトリルに対する極端な溶解度差を利用し
て、これらを分離する方法(米国特許第2,443,18
4号明細書)、あるいは、2種の溶剤を用いた液液抽出
法により、オレイン酸、リノール酸などの不飽和脂肪酸
のエステルを不飽和度(二重結合数)の差に基づいて分
離する方法[「J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc.」第46巻、第3
20ページ(1969年)、「J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc.」第
37巻、第27ページ(1960年)]が知られている。
しかしながら、これらの方法においては、二重結合度の
違いによる分離についてはなんら言及されていない。さ
らに、不飽和脂肪酸の液液分配法で、EPA、DHAの
濃縮が試みられているが、この方法においても不飽和度
の高いもの(二重結合数が3以上のもの)が濃縮される
としているので、不飽和度の高い脂肪酸が一様に濃縮さ
れてしまうという欠点がある(特開昭64−83043
号公報)。
[0004] The supercritical extraction method is a technique that has recently been drawing attention and is applied to the extraction and purification of food-related substances. Particularly, in the supercritical gas extraction method using carbon dioxide as an extraction solvent, EPA and DHA are used. Attempts have been made to separate them (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-214757, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-7906).
No.). However, even in this method, the separation of fatty acids is not a simple method because it is possible to separate only those having different carbon numbers by the same principle as the distillation method and the equipment becomes large in scale. On the other hand, the solvent extraction method is a technique that has been known for a long time. For example, a fatty acid having a high melting point (oleic acid) and a fatty acid having a low melting point (stearic acid) are separated by using an extreme difference in solubility in acetonitrile. Method (US Pat. No. 2,443,18
No. 4) or a liquid-liquid extraction method using two kinds of solvents to separate esters of unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid based on the difference in the degree of unsaturation (number of double bonds). Method ["J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc." Vol. 46, No. 3
20 (1969), "J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc.", Vol. 37, page 27 (1960)].
However, in these methods, there is no mention of separation due to the difference in the degree of double bond. Furthermore, concentration of EPA and DHA has been attempted by a liquid-liquid partitioning method of unsaturated fatty acids, but in this method as well, it can be said that those with a high degree of unsaturation (having three or more double bonds) can be concentrated. Therefore, there is a drawback that fatty acids with a high degree of unsaturation are uniformly concentrated (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-83043).
No.).

【0005】さらに、カラムクロマトグラフ法は、脂肪
酸のアシル鎖長に基づく分離法であって、大量の溶媒を
使用し、かつ設備的に大がかりとなり、工業化には困難
を伴う。また、最近では、硝酸銀カラム法によると、同
一の炭素数で二重結合数の違いにより分離が可能である
ことが見い出されているが、この方法は高価な硝酸銀を
使用するために、工業的な方法とはいえない(特開昭6
0−208940号公報、特開昭63−290845号
公報、特開平5−287295号公報)。このように、
従来の高度不飽和脂肪酸を分離濃縮する方法は、工業的
に実施するにはコストが高くついたり、あるいは目的の
ものを選択的に濃縮することが困難であるなどの欠点を
有している。また、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪
酸エステルのみを分離濃縮する方法は、これまで知られ
ていないのが実状である。
Further, the column chromatographic method is a separation method based on the acyl chain length of a fatty acid, uses a large amount of solvent, is large in equipment, and is difficult to industrialize. Recently, according to the silver nitrate column method, it has been found that separation is possible by the difference in the number of double bonds with the same carbon number, but this method uses expensive silver nitrate, so it is industrially difficult. Method is not suitable
0-208940, JP-A-63-290845, JP-A-5-287295). in this way,
Conventional methods for separating and concentrating highly unsaturated fatty acids have drawbacks such as high cost for industrial implementation and difficulty in selectively concentrating the desired one. In addition, a method of separating and concentrating only unsaturated fatty acid ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more is not known until now.

【0006】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、このような
従来の高度不飽和脂肪酸を分離濃縮する技術がもつ欠点
を克服し、脂肪酸低級アルキルエステル混合物から、医
薬品などに有用な二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸
低級アルキルエステルを、熱変性を受けることなく、安
価に収率よく、かつ選択的に濃縮する工業的に有利な方
法を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention overcomes the drawbacks of the conventional techniques for separating and concentrating highly unsaturated fatty acids, and from the mixture of fatty acid lower alkyl ester, the degree of double bond useful for pharmaceuticals and the like. The present invention has been made for the purpose of providing an industrially advantageous method for selectively concentrating an unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester of 0.4 or more at a low cost in a high yield without being subjected to thermal denaturation. .

【0007】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、前記目的
を達成するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、二重結合度
0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルを含有
する脂肪酸低級アルキルエステル混合物と炭化水素系溶
媒及び水溶性溶媒とを混合したのち、水溶性溶媒層を分
取し、次いで水溶性溶媒を留去させることにより、その
目的を達成しうることを見い出し、この知見に基づいて
本発明を完成するに至った。
Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies for achieving the above object, the present inventors have found that a fatty acid lower alkyl containing an unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more. After the ester mixture was mixed with the hydrocarbon solvent and the water-soluble solvent, the water-soluble solvent layer was separated, and then the water-soluble solvent was distilled off. Based on this, the present invention has been completed.

【0008】すなわち、本発明は、(1)二重結合度
[脂肪酸部分の二重結合数/(脂肪酸部分の炭素数−1
0)]0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルを
含有する脂肪酸低級アルキルエステル混合物と炭化水素
系溶媒及び水溶性溶媒とを混合したのち、水溶性溶媒層
を分取し、次いで水溶性溶媒を留去させ、二重結合度
0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルの含有
量を高めることを特徴とする高度不飽和脂肪酸エステル
の精製方法、(2)二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪
酸低級アルキルエステルを含有する脂肪酸低級アルキル
エステル混合物と炭化水素系溶媒及び水溶性溶媒とを混
合したのち、炭化水素系溶媒層と水溶性溶媒層とに分離
し(一回目の抽出操作)、得られた炭化水素系溶媒層に
新たに水溶性溶媒を加えて混合したのち、炭化水素系溶
媒層と水溶性溶媒層とに分離する操作(二回目の抽出操
作)を一回目の抽出操作も含めて合計2回以上繰り返
し、次いで各抽出操作で分離して得られた水溶性溶媒層
を合わせて水溶性溶媒を留去させ、二重結合度0.4以
上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルの含有量を高め
ることを特徴とする高度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの精製方
法、及び(3)二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低
級アルキルエステルを含有する脂肪酸低級アルキルエス
テル混合物と炭化水素系溶媒及び水溶性溶媒とを混合し
たのち、炭化水素系溶媒層と水溶性溶媒層とに分離し
(一回目の抽出操作)、得られた水溶性溶媒層に新たに
炭化水素系溶媒を加えて混合したのち、炭化水素系溶媒
層と水溶性溶媒層とに分離する操作(二回目の抽出操
作)を一回目の抽出操作も含めて合計2回以上を繰り返
し、次いで最後に得られた水溶性溶媒層中の水溶性溶媒
を留去させ、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級
アルキルエステルの含有量を高めることを特徴とする高
度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの精製方法、である。
That is, the present invention provides (1) degree of double bond [number of double bonds in fatty acid part / (number of carbon atoms in fatty acid part-1
0)] A mixture of a fatty acid lower alkyl ester containing 0.4 or more unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester, a hydrocarbon solvent and a water-soluble solvent, and then the water-soluble solvent layer is separated and then the water-soluble solvent is added. (2) A method for purifying highly unsaturated fatty acid ester, characterized in that the content of unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more is increased by distilling off (2) a double bond degree of 0.4 or more. After mixing the fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixture containing the unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester with the hydrocarbon solvent and the water-soluble solvent, the mixture is separated into a hydrocarbon solvent layer and a water-soluble solvent layer (first extraction operation ), A new water-soluble solvent is added to the obtained hydrocarbon-based solvent layer and mixed, and then the operation of separating the hydrocarbon-based solvent layer and the water-soluble solvent layer (second extraction operation) is performed by the first extraction. operation Including the above, the water-soluble solvent layer was obtained by repeating the extraction process, and then separating the water-soluble solvent layers obtained by each extraction operation to distill off the water-soluble solvent. Of a highly unsaturated fatty acid ester, characterized by increasing the content of (3) a fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixture containing an unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more, and a hydrocarbon system After mixing the solvent and the water-soluble solvent, the hydrocarbon-based solvent layer and the water-soluble solvent layer are separated (first extraction operation), and a new hydrocarbon-based solvent is added to the resulting water-soluble solvent layer. After mixing, the operation of separating the hydrocarbon solvent layer and the water-soluble solvent layer (second extraction operation) is repeated a total of two or more times including the first extraction operation, and then the finally obtained water-soluble Water solubility in solvent layer By distilling off medium, a purification method, polyunsaturated fatty acid esters which is characterized by increased content of double bonds of 0.4 or more unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl esters.

【0009】また、本発明を実施するための好ましい態
様は、(4)二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級
アルキルエステルを含有する脂肪酸低級アルキルエステ
ル混合物が、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級
アルキルエステル3重量%以上を含有するものである第
(1)〜(3)項記載の高度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの精製方
法、(5)二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸が二重
結合度0.5以上の不飽和脂肪酸である第(1)〜(4)項
記載の高度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの精製方法。(6)水
溶性溶媒が0.01〜50重量%の水を含有するもので
ある第(1)〜(5)項記載の高度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの
精製方法、及び(7)炭化水素系溶媒と水溶性溶媒との
使用割合が、重量比で1:100ないし100:1であ
る第(1)〜(6)項記載の高度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの精
製方法、である。
In a preferred embodiment for carrying out the present invention, (4) a fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixture containing an unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more is a double bond degree of 0. Containing 4 or more unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester 3% by weight or more
(1) to the method for purifying a highly unsaturated fatty acid ester according to (3), (5) an unsaturated fatty acid having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more is an unsaturated fatty acid having a double bond degree of 0.5 or more. The method for purifying a highly unsaturated fatty acid ester according to any one of (1) to (4). (6) The method for purifying a polyunsaturated fatty acid ester according to (1) to (5), wherein the water-soluble solvent contains 0.01 to 50% by weight of water, and (7) a hydrocarbon solvent. The method for purifying a polyunsaturated fatty acid ester according to the above (1) to (6), wherein the weight ratio of the water-soluble solvent and the water-soluble solvent is 1: 100 to 100: 1.

【0010】[0010]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明の方法においては、原料と
して、二重結合度、すなわち[脂肪酸部分の二重結合数
/(脂肪酸部分の炭素数−10)]が0.4以上の不飽和
脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルを含有する脂肪酸低級アル
キルエステル混合物が用いられる。ここで、脂肪酸部分
の二重結合数とは、エステル1分子当たりの脂肪酸部分
の炭素−炭素二重結合数のことであり、また脂肪酸部分
の炭素数とはエステルにおける脂肪酸部分、すなわちア
シル基の炭素数のことであって、エステルのアルコール
部分の炭素は含まない。第1表に、二重結合度とそのグ
ループ分けを示す。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the method of the present invention, as a raw material, the degree of double bond, that is, [the number of double bonds in the fatty acid moiety / (the number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid moiety-10)] is 0.4 or more and unsaturated. Fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixtures containing fatty acid lower alkyl esters are used. Here, the number of double bonds in the fatty acid moiety is the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid moiety per ester molecule, and the number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid moiety is the fatty acid moiety in the ester, that is, the acyl group. It refers to the number of carbons and does not include carbons in the alcohol portion of the ester. Table 1 shows the degree of double bond and its grouping.

【0011】[0011]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0012】この表で示した記号で、例えばC20:4
とは、脂肪酸部分の炭素数及び二重結合数が、それぞれ
20及び4である不飽和脂肪酸エステルを示し、その二
重結合度は0.4であり[( )内に示す]、二重結合度
群は0.4以上0.5未満である。したがって、本発明の
方法による不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルの濃縮
は、二重結合の数の違いによるものではなく、二重結合
度の違いによるものである。本発明の方法において用い
られる原料は、脂肪酸低級アルキルエステル混合物であ
り、その中の脂肪酸はいずれも低級アルキルエステルと
なっている。このエステルのアルコール部分である低級
アルコールとしては、例えばメタノール、エタノール、
プロパノール、ブタノールなどが挙げられるが、これら
の中で、精製された高度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの用途な
どの点から、エタノールが好適である。また、この原料
に含まれる二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級ア
ルキルエステルの量については特に制限はないが、通常
その含有量が3〜90重量%の範囲にある脂肪酸低級ア
ルキルエステル混合物が用いられる。
The symbols shown in this table are, for example, C20: 4.
Means an unsaturated fatty acid ester in which the number of carbon atoms and the number of double bonds in the fatty acid portion are 20 and 4, respectively, and the degree of double bond thereof is 0.4 [indicated in ()], and the double bond The degree group is 0.4 or more and less than 0.5. Therefore, the concentration of unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester by the method of the present invention is not due to the difference in the number of double bonds but due to the difference in the degree of double bonds. The raw material used in the method of the present invention is a fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixture, and the fatty acids therein are all lower alkyl esters. Examples of the lower alcohol which is the alcohol moiety of this ester include methanol, ethanol,
Propanol, butanol and the like can be mentioned. Among them, ethanol is preferable from the viewpoint of the use of the purified highly unsaturated fatty acid ester. The amount of unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more contained in this raw material is not particularly limited, but the content of the fatty acid lower alkyl ester is usually 3 to 90% by weight. A mixture is used.

【0013】このような原料としては、二重結合度0.
4以上の不飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂、例えば魚油などを加
水分解して得られた脂肪酸混合物を、前記低級アルコー
ルでエステル化したものなどを好ましく挙げることがで
きる。ここで、魚油としては、例えばイワシ油、タラ肝
油、カツオ油、ニシン油、マグロ油、サンマ油などが挙
げられる。高度不飽和脂肪酸は高温にさらされると変質
しやすいので、加水分解は常温付近で行うことができる
リパーゼ分解法などを好適に使用することができる。ま
た、該原料は、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸を
含む油脂のアルコリシスによっても得ることができる。
本発明の方法において用いられる炭化水素系溶媒として
は、例えばヘキサン、ヘプタン、オクタン、イソオクタ
ン、イソドデカンあるいはこれらより炭素数がさらに多
い炭化水素化合物などが挙げられ、これらは単独で用い
てもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
As such a raw material, the degree of double bond is 0.
Preferable examples include fats and oils containing 4 or more unsaturated fatty acids, for example, a fatty acid mixture obtained by hydrolyzing fish oil and the like and esterified with the lower alcohol. Here, examples of the fish oil include sardine oil, cod liver oil, bonito oil, herring oil, tuna oil, saury oil and the like. Since polyunsaturated fatty acids are likely to be deteriorated when exposed to high temperatures, the lipase decomposition method or the like, which can be performed at around room temperature, can be suitably used for hydrolysis. The raw material can also be obtained by alcoholysis of an oil or fat containing an unsaturated fatty acid having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more.
Examples of the hydrocarbon-based solvent used in the method of the present invention include hexane, heptane, octane, isooctane, isododecane or hydrocarbon compounds having more carbon atoms than these, and these may be used alone, You may use it in combination of 2 or more type.

【0014】一方、水溶性溶媒としては、例えばメタノ
ール、エタノール、イソプロパノール、tert−ブタ
ノール、アセトニトリルなどが挙げられ、これらは単独
で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよ
い。また、本発明においては、該水溶性溶媒は水を含有
するものが好ましい。この水の含有量は、水溶性溶媒の
水に対する溶解度に左右され、一概に定めることができ
ないが、通常は0.01〜50重量%程度である。この
水の含有量の多い方が、脂肪酸エステルの回収率が低く
なるが、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸エステル
の含有量が多くなり、濃縮効果は高くなる。次に、本発
明の好適な実施態様について説明すると、まず、前記原
料の脂肪酸低級アルキルエステル混合物と、前記の炭化
水素系溶媒及び水溶性溶媒とを混合する。この際、用い
る炭化水素系溶媒と水溶性溶媒との割合は、二重結合度
0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルを効率
よく濃縮するためには、重量比で1:100ないし10
0:1が好ましく、特に1:30ないし30:1の割合
が好適である。また、該炭化水素系溶媒又は水溶性溶媒
は、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキル
エステルを効率よく濃縮するためには、原料の脂肪酸低
級アルキルエステル混合物に対し、重量に基づき0.0
1〜100倍の割合で用いるのが好ましく、特に0.1
〜10倍の割合で用いるのが有利である。
On the other hand, examples of the water-soluble solvent include methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, tert-butanol, acetonitrile and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. Further, in the present invention, the water-soluble solvent preferably contains water. The water content depends on the solubility of the water-soluble solvent in water and cannot be determined unconditionally, but it is usually about 0.01 to 50% by weight. The higher the content of water, the lower the recovery rate of the fatty acid ester, but the higher the content of unsaturated fatty acid ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more, the higher the concentration effect. Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, the starting material fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixture is mixed with the hydrocarbon solvent and the water-soluble solvent. At this time, the ratio of the hydrocarbon solvent to the water-soluble solvent is 1: 100 to 10 by weight in order to efficiently concentrate the unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more.
0: 1 is preferred, with a ratio of 1:30 to 30: 1 being particularly preferred. In order to efficiently concentrate unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more, the hydrocarbon solvent or water-soluble solvent is based on the weight of the raw material fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixture. 0.0
It is preferably used in an amount of 1 to 100 times, particularly 0.1.
It is advantageous to use it at a ratio of 10 times.

【0015】さらに、該原料と炭化水素系溶媒及び水溶
性溶媒との混合順序については特に制限はなく、例えば
原料と水溶性溶媒とを混合したのち、これと炭化水素系
溶媒とを混合してもよいし、原料と炭化水素系溶媒とを
混合したのち、これと水溶性溶媒とを混合してもよく、
あるいは、炭化水素系溶媒及び水溶性溶媒の混合物と原
料とを混合してもよい。このようにして、脂肪酸低級ア
ルキルエステル混合物と水溶性溶媒とを十分に混合した
のち、炭化水素系溶媒層と水溶性溶媒層とに二層分離す
る。この混合、二層分離の方法については特に制限はな
く、バッチ式で操作する場合には、反応槽にてかき混ぜ
機により混合したのち、静置させる方法を用いてもよ
く、また、連続式で操作する場合には、連続遠心液液抽
出装置などの向流分配装置を用いて混合、二層分離させ
る方法を用いることができる。次に、このようにして二
層分離したのち、水溶性溶媒層を分取し、エバポレータ
ーなどの濃縮機を用い、その中の水溶性溶媒を、好まし
くは減圧下で留去させることにより、二重結合度0.4
以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルの含有量の高
い高度不飽和脂肪酸エステルが得られる。
Further, the order of mixing the raw material with the hydrocarbon solvent and the water-soluble solvent is not particularly limited. For example, after mixing the raw material with the water-soluble solvent, this is mixed with the hydrocarbon solvent. Alternatively, after mixing the raw material and the hydrocarbon solvent, it may be mixed with a water-soluble solvent,
Alternatively, the mixture of the hydrocarbon solvent and the water-soluble solvent and the raw material may be mixed. In this way, the fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixture and the water-soluble solvent are thoroughly mixed, and then the hydrocarbon solvent layer and the water-soluble solvent layer are separated into two layers. There is no particular limitation on the method of mixing and separating into two layers, and when operating in a batch system, a method of mixing after stirring with a stirrer in a reaction tank and then allowing it to stand may be used. When operating, a method of mixing and two-layer separation using a countercurrent distribution device such as a continuous centrifugal liquid-liquid extraction device can be used. Next, after separating the two layers in this way, the water-soluble solvent layer is separated and the water-soluble solvent therein is distilled off, preferably under reduced pressure, by using a concentrator such as an evaporator. Heavy bond 0.4
A highly unsaturated fatty acid ester having a high content of the unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester can be obtained.

【0016】本発明においては、この二重結合度0.4
以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルの濃縮をさら
に効果的に行うために、以下に示すように抽出操作を繰
り返してもよい。この場合、二つの態様があり、その一
つは、上記と同様にして、原料の脂肪酸低級アルキルエ
ステル混合物と炭化水素系溶媒及び水溶性溶媒とを混合
したのち、炭化水素系溶媒層と水溶性溶媒層とに二層分
離する(一回目の抽出操作)。次に、分取した炭化水素
系溶媒層に新たに水溶性溶媒を加え混合したのち、炭化
水素系溶媒層と水溶性溶媒層とに二層分離する(二回目
の抽出操作)。このような抽出操作を一回目の抽出操作
も含めて合計2回以上繰り返し、次いで各抽出操作で得
られた水溶性溶媒層を合わせてその中の水溶性溶媒を留
去させ、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アル
キルエステルの含有量の高い高度不飽和脂肪酸エステル
を得るといった方法である。この方法によれば、二重結
合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルの
回収率が高くなる。抽出回数は、該回収率と経済性との
バランスを考慮して適宜選べばよい。
In the present invention, this double bond degree is 0.4.
In order to more effectively concentrate the unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester, the extraction operation may be repeated as shown below. In this case, there are two embodiments, one of which is to mix the starting material fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixture with the hydrocarbon solvent and the water-soluble solvent in the same manner as described above, and then to mix the hydrocarbon solvent layer with the water-soluble solvent. Two layers are separated into a solvent layer (first extraction operation). Next, a new water-soluble solvent is added to the separated hydrocarbon-based solvent layer and mixed, and then the hydrocarbon-based solvent layer and the water-soluble solvent layer are separated into two layers (second extraction operation). Such an extraction operation is repeated twice or more in total including the first extraction operation, and then the water-soluble solvent layers obtained by the respective extraction operations are combined and the water-soluble solvent therein is distilled off to obtain a double bond degree. The method is to obtain a highly unsaturated fatty acid ester having a high content of 0.4 or more unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester. According to this method, the recovery rate of unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more becomes high. The number of extractions may be appropriately selected in consideration of the balance between the recovery rate and economic efficiency.

【0017】また、別の態様は、前記と同様にして、原
料の脂肪酸低級アルキルエステル混合物と炭化水素系溶
媒及び水溶性溶媒とを混合したのち、炭化水素系溶媒層
と水溶性溶媒層とに二層分離する(一回目の抽出操
作)。次に、分取した水溶性溶媒層に新たに炭化水素系
溶媒を加えて混合したのち、炭化水素系溶媒層と水溶性
溶媒層とに二層分離する(二回目の抽出操作)。このよ
うな抽出操作を一回目の抽出操作も含めて合計2回以上
繰り返し、次いで、最後に得られた水溶性溶媒層の水溶
性溶媒を留去させ、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪
酸低級アルキルエステルの含有量の高い高度不飽和脂肪
酸エステルを得るといった方法である。この方法によれ
ば、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキル
エステルの含有量のより高いものが得られる。抽出回数
は、該含有量と経済性とのバランスを考慮して適宜選べ
ばよい。
In another embodiment, in the same manner as described above, the mixture of the raw material fatty acid lower alkyl ester, the hydrocarbon solvent and the water-soluble solvent are mixed, and then the hydrocarbon solvent layer and the water-soluble solvent layer are formed. Separate into two layers (first extraction operation). Next, a hydrocarbon solvent is newly added to the separated water-soluble solvent layer and mixed, and then two layers are separated into a hydrocarbon solvent layer and a water-soluble solvent layer (second extraction operation). Such an extraction operation is repeated twice or more in total including the first extraction operation, and then the water-soluble solvent in the finally obtained water-soluble solvent layer is distilled off to obtain a double bond degree of 0.4 or more. The method is to obtain a highly unsaturated fatty acid ester having a high content of saturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester. According to this method, a higher content of unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more can be obtained. The number of extractions may be appropriately selected in consideration of the balance between the content and the economical efficiency.

【0018】本発明においては、前記の各抽出操作にお
ける温度については特に制限はなく、室温でも十分であ
るが、抽出温度が低くなればなるほど、二重結合度0.
4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルの回収率は
低下するものの、濃縮効果が高くなる。本発明の方法
は、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキル
エステルを濃縮する方法であるが、この二重結合度0.
4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルの中で、二
重結合度が高いものほど濃縮率が高い。したがって、原
料の脂肪酸低級アルキルエステル混合物に含有される各
群の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルにおいて、二重
結合度の高い群の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルの
含有量をより高めることができる。このようなことか
ら、本発明においては、脂肪酸低級アルキルエステル混
合物として、二重結合度0.5以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級
アルキルエステル3重量%以上を含有するものを用いる
のが好ましく、この場合、二重結合度0.5以上の不飽
和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルがより濃縮され、本発明
の効果が高くなる。
In the present invention, the temperature in each of the above extraction operations is not particularly limited, and room temperature is sufficient, but the lower the extraction temperature is, the more the degree of double bond is 0.
Although the recovery rate of unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester of 4 or more decreases, the concentration effect increases. The method of the present invention is a method for concentrating an unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more.
Among unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl esters of 4 or more, the higher the double bond degree, the higher the concentration rate. Therefore, in the unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester of each group contained in the raw material fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixture, the content of the unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester of the group having a high double bond degree can be further increased. For this reason, in the present invention, it is preferable to use, as the fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixture, one containing 3% by weight or more of unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.5 or more. The unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.5 or more is more concentrated, and the effect of the present invention is enhanced.

【0019】[0019]

【実施例】次に、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説
明するが、本発明は、これらの例によってなんら限定さ
れるものではない。なお、二重結合度0.4以上のエチ
ルエステルの含有量において、( )の値は二重結合度
0.5以上のエチルエステルの含有量を示す。 実施例1 10リットルかき混ぜ機付き抽出槽に、二重結合度0.
4以上のエチルエステル36.64重量%(31.70重
量%)を含有する魚油エチルエステル1kgを仕込み、次
いでアセトニトリル4kgを加えて均一に溶解させたの
ち、さらにヘキサン4kgを加え、20分間激しくかき混
ぜた。次いで、10分間静置したのち、下層のアセトニ
トリル層を分取し、エバポレーターにてアセトニトリル
を減圧留去させ、エチルエステル0.23kgを得た。こ
のエチルエステルの組成を、以下に示す条件にてガスク
ロマトグラフィー法により分析したところ、二重結合度
0.4以上のエチルエステルの含有量は60.53重量%
(54.33重量%)であった。 〈ガスクロマトグラフィー法の分析条件〉 使用機器:HP5890A キャリアガス流量:1ml/分(He) サンプル濃度:5μl/ml(ヘキサン) 注入量:1μl インジェクション温度:250℃ カラム温度:210℃ 検出器温度:250℃ 検出器:FID 使用カラム:DB−WAX(J&W)、30m×0.25m
m×0.25μmFilm スプリット比:15:1 濃縮の程度は、各群の抽出後脂肪酸エステルの組成及び
濃縮比により評価した。なお、濃縮比は、式 濃縮比=
抽出後脂肪酸エステル含有比/抽出前脂肪酸エステル含
有比(ただし、脂肪酸エステル含有比=各群の脂肪酸エ
ステル組成/0.5群脂肪酸エステル組成である)によ
り、算出した。結果を第2表に示す。
EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In addition, in the content of ethyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more, the value of () indicates the content of ethyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.5 or more. Example 1 A 10 liter extraction tank equipped with a stirrer had a double bond degree of 0.
1 kg of fish oil ethyl ester containing 36.64% by weight (31.70% by weight) of 4 or more ethyl esters was added, and then 4 kg of acetonitrile was added to dissolve them uniformly, and then 4 kg of hexane was further added and stirred vigorously for 20 minutes. It was Then, after standing for 10 minutes, the lower acetonitrile layer was separated and acetonitrile was distilled off under reduced pressure with an evaporator to obtain 0.23 kg of ethyl ester. The composition of this ethyl ester was analyzed by gas chromatography under the following conditions, and the content of ethyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more was 60.53% by weight.
(54.33% by weight). <Analysis conditions of gas chromatography method> Equipment used: HP5890A Carrier gas flow rate: 1 ml / min (He) Sample concentration: 5 μl / ml (hexane) Injection amount: 1 μl Injection temperature: 250 ° C. Column temperature: 210 ° C. Detector temperature: 250 ° C Detector: FID Column used: DB-WAX (J & W), 30m x 0.25m
m × 0.25 μm Film Split ratio: 15: 1 The degree of concentration was evaluated by the composition of the fatty acid ester after extraction and the concentration ratio of each group. The concentration ratio is calculated by the formula
It was calculated from the content ratio of fatty acid ester after extraction / content ratio of fatty acid ester before extraction (wherein fatty acid ester content ratio = fatty acid ester composition of each group / 0.5 group fatty acid ester composition). The results are shown in Table 2.

【0020】[0020]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0021】実施例2 10リットルかき混ぜ機付き抽出槽に、二重結合度0.
4以上のエチルエステル25.94重量%(23.05重
量%)を含有する魚油エチルエステル1kgを仕込み、次
いでアセトニトリル4kgを加えて、均一に溶解させたの
ち、さらにヘキサン4kgを加え、20分間激しくかき混
ぜた。次いで、10分間静置したのち、下層のアセトニ
トリル層を分取し、エバポレーターにてアセトニトリル
を減圧留去させ、エチルエステル0.18kgを得た。こ
のエチルエステルの組成を、実施例1と同じ条件にてガ
スクロマトグラフィー法により分析したところ、二重結
合度0.4以上のエチルエステルの含有量は55.22重
量%(50.30重量%)であった。結果を第3表に示
す。
Example 2 A double-bonded degree of 0.
1 kg of fish oil ethyl ester containing 25.94% by weight (23.05% by weight) of ethyl ester of 4 or more was added, and then 4 kg of acetonitrile was added to dissolve it uniformly, and then 4 kg of hexane was further added, and vigorously for 20 minutes. Stir it. Then, after standing for 10 minutes, the lower acetonitrile layer was separated and acetonitrile was distilled off under reduced pressure with an evaporator to obtain 0.18 kg of ethyl ester. When the composition of this ethyl ester was analyzed by gas chromatography under the same conditions as in Example 1, the content of ethyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more was 55.22% by weight (50.30% by weight). )Met. The results are shown in Table 3.

【0022】[0022]

【表3】 [Table 3]

【0023】実施例3 アセトニトリルの含水量の影響について実験を行った。
10リットルかき混ぜ機付き抽出槽に、二重結合度0.
4以上のエチルエステル36.64重量%(31.70重
量%)を含有する魚油エチルエステル1kgを仕込み、次
いで含水量5、10及び15重量%のアセトニトリル4
kgをそれぞれ加えて、均一に溶解させたのち、さらにヘ
キサン4kgを加え、20分間激しくかき混ぜた。次い
で、10分間静置したのち、下層の含水アセトニトリル
層を分取し、エバポレーターにて含水アセトニトリルを
減圧留去させ、エチルエステルをそれぞれ0.14kg、
0.11kg及び0.07kgを得た。このエチルエステルの
組成を、実施例1と同じ条件でガスクロマトグラフィー
法により分析したところ、二重結合度0.4以上のエチ
ルエステルの含有量は、それぞれ65.84重量%(5
9.65重量%)、67.33重量%(61.50重量
%)及び68.39重量%(62.94重量%)であっ
た。結果を第4表に示す。
Example 3 An experiment was conducted on the influence of the water content of acetonitrile.
In the extraction tank equipped with a 10-liter agitator, the degree of double bond is 0.
1 kg of fish oil ethyl ester containing 36.64% (31.70% by weight) of ethyl ester of 4 or more, and then acetonitrile with water content of 5, 10 and 15% by weight 4
After each kg was added and dissolved uniformly, 4 kg of hexane was further added, and the mixture was vigorously stirred for 20 minutes. Then, after standing for 10 minutes, the lower hydrous acetonitrile layer was separated, and the hydrous acetonitrile was distilled off under reduced pressure with an evaporator to obtain 0.14 kg of ethyl ester,
Yields of 0.11 kg and 0.07 kg. When the composition of this ethyl ester was analyzed by gas chromatography under the same conditions as in Example 1, the content of ethyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more was 65.84% by weight (5%, respectively).
9.65% by weight), 67.33% by weight (61.50% by weight) and 68.39% by weight (62.94% by weight). The results are shown in Table 4.

【0024】[0024]

【表4】 [Table 4]

【0025】実施例4 10リットルかき混ぜ機付き抽出槽に、二重結合度0.
4以上のエチルエステル36.64重量%(31.70重
量%)を含有する魚油エチルエステル1kgを仕込み、次
いで10重量%含水メタノール4kgを加えて均一に溶解
させたのち、さらにヘキサン4kgを加え、20分間激し
くかき混ぜた。次いで、10分間静置したのち、下層の
含水メタノール層を分取し、エバポレーターにて含水メ
タノールを減圧留去させ、エチルエステル0.17kgを
得た。このエチルエステルの組成を、実施例1と同じ条
件にてガスクロマトグラフィー法により分析したとこ
ろ、二重結合度0.4以上のエチルエステルの含有量
は、45.20重量%(40.24重量%)であった。結
果を第5表に示す。
Example 4 A double-bond degree of 0.
1 kg of fish oil ethyl ester containing 36.64% by weight (31.70% by weight) of 4 or more ethyl esters was added, and then 4 kg of 10% by weight hydrous methanol was added and dissolved uniformly, and then 4 kg of hexane was added, Stir vigorously for 20 minutes. Then, after standing for 10 minutes, the lower hydrous methanol layer was separated and the hydrous methanol was distilled off under reduced pressure with an evaporator to obtain 0.17 kg of ethyl ester. When the composition of this ethyl ester was analyzed by gas chromatography under the same conditions as in Example 1, the content of ethyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more was 45.20% by weight (40.24% by weight). %)Met. The results are shown in Table 5.

【0026】[0026]

【表5】 [Table 5]

【0027】実施例5 10リットルかき混ぜ機付き抽出槽に、二重結合度0.
4以上のエチルエステル36.64重量%(31.70重
量%)を含有する魚油エチルエステル1kgを仕込み、次
いでアセトニトリル4kgを加えて均一に溶解させたの
ち、さらにイソオクタン1kgを加え、20分間激しくか
き混ぜた。次いで、10分間静置して二層分離したの
ち、上層のイソオクタン層を除去した。さらに、二回目
の抽出操作として、イソオクタン1kgを加え、20分間
激しくかき混ぜたのち、10分間静置して二層分離し、
上層のイソオクタン層を除去した。次いで、三回目の抽
出操作として、同様にイソオクタン1kgを加え、20分
間激しくかき混ぜたのち、10分間静置して二層分離
後、下層のアセトニトリル層を分取し、エバポレーター
にてアセトニトリルを減圧留去して、エチルエステル
0.21kgを得た。このエチルエステルの組成を、実施
例1と同じ条件にてガスクロマトグラフィー法により分
析したところ、二重結合度0.4以上のエステルの含有
量は、76.46重量%(69.86重量%)であった。
結果を第6表に示す。
Example 5 A double-bonded degree of 0.
1 kg of fish oil ethyl ester containing 36.64% by weight (31.70% by weight) of 4 or more ethyl esters was added, then 4 kg of acetonitrile was added and dissolved uniformly, and then 1 kg of isooctane was further added and stirred vigorously for 20 minutes. It was Then, after standing for 10 minutes to separate the two layers, the upper isooctane layer was removed. Further, as a second extraction operation, 1 kg of isooctane was added, and the mixture was vigorously stirred for 20 minutes, and then left standing for 10 minutes to separate the two layers,
The upper isooctane layer was removed. Next, as the third extraction operation, similarly, 1 kg of isooctane was added, and the mixture was vigorously stirred for 20 minutes, allowed to stand for 10 minutes, separated into two layers, the lower acetonitrile layer was separated, and the acetonitrile was distilled under reduced pressure with an evaporator. After removal, 0.21 kg of ethyl ester was obtained. When the composition of this ethyl ester was analyzed by gas chromatography under the same conditions as in Example 1, the content of the ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more was 76.46% by weight (69.86% by weight). )Met.
The results are shown in Table 6.

【0028】[0028]

【表6】 [Table 6]

【0029】実施例6 30リットルかき混ぜ機付き抽出槽に、二重結合度0.
4以上のエチルエステル36.64重量%(31.70重
量%)を含有する魚油エチルエステル1kgを仕込み、次
いでアセトニトリル4kgを加えて均一に溶解させたの
ち、さらにイソオクタン16kgを加え、20分間激しく
かき混ぜた。次いで、10分間静置して二層分離したの
ち、下層のアセトニトリル層を除去し、イソオクタン層
を抽出槽に残した。さらに、二回目の抽出操作として、
アセトニトリル1kgを加えて20分間激しくかき混ぜた
のち、10分間静置して二層分離後、下層のアセトニト
リル層を除去し、イソオクタン層を抽出槽に残した。次
いで、三回目の抽出操作として、アセトニトリル1kgを
加えて20分間激しくかき混ぜたのち、10分間静置し
て二層分離後、下層のアセトニトリル層を分取した。3
回の抽出操作で得られたアセトニトリル層を合わせて、
エバポレーターでアセトニトリルを減圧留去し、エチル
エステル0.46kgを得た。このエチルエステルの組成
を、実施例1と同じ条件でガスクロマトグラフィー法に
より分析したところ、二重結合度0.4以上のエチルエ
ステルの含有量は、66.93重量%(60.32重量
%)であった。結果を第7表に示す。
Example 6 A 30 liter extraction tank equipped with a stirrer had a double bond degree of 0.
1 kg of fish oil ethyl ester containing 36.64% by weight (31.70% by weight) of 4 or more ethyl esters was added, and then 4 kg of acetonitrile was added and dissolved uniformly, and then 16 kg of isooctane was further added and stirred vigorously for 20 minutes. It was Then, the mixture was allowed to stand for 10 minutes to separate the two layers, the lower acetonitrile layer was removed, and the isooctane layer was left in the extraction tank. Furthermore, as the second extraction operation,
After adding 1 kg of acetonitrile and stirring vigorously for 20 minutes, the mixture was allowed to stand for 10 minutes to separate into two layers, the lower acetonitrile layer was removed, and the isooctane layer was left in the extraction tank. Then, as a third extraction operation, 1 kg of acetonitrile was added and vigorously stirred for 20 minutes, and then left standing for 10 minutes to separate two layers, and then the lower acetonitrile layer was separated. 3
Combine the acetonitrile layers obtained by the extraction operation once,
Acetonitrile was distilled off under reduced pressure with an evaporator to obtain 0.46 kg of ethyl ester. When the composition of this ethyl ester was analyzed by gas chromatography under the same conditions as in Example 1, the content of ethyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more was 66.93% by weight (60.32% by weight). )Met. The results are shown in Table 7.

【0030】[0030]

【表7】 [Table 7]

【0031】[0031]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、脂肪酸低級アルキルエ
ステル混合物から、医薬品などに有用な二重結合度0.
4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルを、熱変性
を受けることなく、安価に収率よく、選択的に、かつ工
業的にも有利に濃縮することができる。したがって、本
発明の方法は高度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの精製方法とし
て工業的価値の高いものである。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, the degree of double bond, which is useful for pharmaceuticals, etc., from the mixture of fatty acid lower alkyl ester is 0.2.
Unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester of 4 or more can be concentrated at low cost in good yield, selectively and industrially advantageously without being subjected to thermal modification. Therefore, the method of the present invention has a high industrial value as a method for purifying highly unsaturated fatty acid esters.

Claims (6)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】二重結合度[脂肪酸部分の二重結合数/
(脂肪酸部分の炭素数−10)]0.4以上の不飽和脂肪
酸低級アルキルエステルを含有する脂肪酸低級アルキル
エステル混合物と炭化水素系溶媒及び水溶性溶媒とを混
合したのち、水溶性溶媒層を分取し、次いで水溶性溶媒
を留去させ、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級
アルキルエステルの含有量を高めることを特徴とする高
度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの精製方法。
1. Degree of double bonds [number of double bonds in fatty acid part /
(C-10 of fatty acid moiety)] A mixture of a fatty acid lower alkyl ester containing an unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester of 0.4 or more, a hydrocarbon solvent and a water-soluble solvent is mixed, and then the water-soluble solvent layer is separated. A method for purifying a highly unsaturated fatty acid ester, characterized in that the water-soluble solvent is removed by distillation, and the content of unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more is increased.
【請求項2】二重結合度[脂肪酸部分の二重結合数/
(脂肪酸部分の炭素数−10)]0.4以上の不飽和脂肪
酸低級アルキルエステルを含有する脂肪酸低級アルキル
エステル混合物と炭化水素系溶媒及び水溶性溶媒とを混
合したのち、炭化水素系溶媒層と水溶性溶媒層とに分離
し(一回目の抽出操作)、得られた炭化水素系溶媒層に
新たに水溶性溶媒を加えて混合したのち、炭化水素系溶
媒層と水溶性溶媒層とに分離する操作(二回目の抽出操
作)を一回目の抽出操作も含めて合計2回以上繰り返
し、次いで各抽出操作で分離して得られた水溶性溶媒層
を合わせて水溶性溶媒を留去させ、二重結合度0.4以
上の不飽和脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルの含有量を高め
ることを特徴とする高度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの精製方
法。
2. Degree of double bond [number of double bonds in fatty acid part /
(C-10 in fatty acid part)] A mixture of a fatty acid lower alkyl ester containing an unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester of 0.4 or more, a hydrocarbon solvent and a water-soluble solvent is mixed with a hydrocarbon solvent layer. Separated into water-soluble solvent layer (first extraction operation), newly added water-soluble solvent to the obtained hydrocarbon-based solvent layer and mixed, and then separated into hydrocarbon-based solvent layer and water-soluble solvent layer The operation (the second extraction operation) is repeated a total of two or more times including the first extraction operation, and then the water-soluble solvent layers obtained by separation in each extraction operation are combined and the water-soluble solvent is distilled off, A method for purifying a highly unsaturated fatty acid ester, which comprises increasing the content of an unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more.
【請求項3】二重結合度[脂肪酸部分の二重結合数/
(脂肪酸部分の炭素数−10)]0.4以上の不飽和脂肪
酸低級アルキルエステルを含有する脂肪酸低級アルキル
エステル混合物と炭化水素系溶媒及び水溶性溶媒とを混
合したのち、炭化水素系溶媒層と水溶性溶媒層とに分離
し(一回目の抽出操作)、得られた水溶性溶媒層に新た
に炭化水素系溶媒を加え混合したのち、炭化水素系溶媒
層と水溶性溶媒層とに分離する操作(二回目の抽出操
作)を一回目の抽出操作も含めて合計2回以上を繰り返
し、次いで最後に得られた水溶性溶媒層中の水溶性溶媒
を留去させ、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級
アルキルエステルの含有量を高めることを特徴とする高
度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの精製方法。
3. Degree of double bonds [number of double bonds in fatty acid part /
(C-10 in fatty acid part)] A mixture of a fatty acid lower alkyl ester containing an unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester of 0.4 or more, a hydrocarbon solvent and a water-soluble solvent is mixed with a hydrocarbon solvent layer. Separated into water-soluble solvent layer (first extraction operation), newly added hydrocarbon solvent to the obtained water-soluble solvent layer and mixed, and then separated into hydrocarbon solvent layer and water-soluble solvent layer The operation (second extraction operation) is repeated a total of two or more times including the first extraction operation, and then the water-soluble solvent in the finally obtained water-soluble solvent layer is distilled off to obtain a double bond degree of 0. A method for purifying a highly unsaturated fatty acid ester, which comprises increasing the content of an unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester of 4 or more.
【請求項4】二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級
アルキルエステルを含有する脂肪酸低級アルキルエステ
ル混合物が、二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸低級
アルキルエステル3重量%以上を含有するものである請
求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の高度不飽和脂肪酸エ
ステルの精製方法。
4. A fatty acid lower alkyl ester mixture containing an unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more comprises 3% by weight or more of an unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl ester having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more. The method for purifying a polyunsaturated fatty acid ester according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is contained.
【請求項5】二重結合度0.4以上の不飽和脂肪酸が二
重結合度0.5以上の不飽和脂肪酸である請求項1ない
し4のいずれかに記載の高度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの精
製方法。
5. The purification of highly unsaturated fatty acid ester according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated fatty acid having a double bond degree of 0.4 or more is an unsaturated fatty acid having a double bond degree of 0.5 or more. Method.
【請求項6】水溶性溶媒が0.01〜50重量%の水を
含有するものである請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載
の高度不飽和脂肪酸エステルの精製方法。
6. The method for purifying a highly unsaturated fatty acid ester according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble solvent contains 0.01 to 50% by weight of water.
JP33100095A 1995-11-27 1995-11-27 Purification of highly unsaturated fatty acid ester Pending JPH09143488A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33100095A JPH09143488A (en) 1995-11-27 1995-11-27 Purification of highly unsaturated fatty acid ester

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33100095A JPH09143488A (en) 1995-11-27 1995-11-27 Purification of highly unsaturated fatty acid ester

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09143488A true JPH09143488A (en) 1997-06-03

Family

ID=18238719

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP33100095A Pending JPH09143488A (en) 1995-11-27 1995-11-27 Purification of highly unsaturated fatty acid ester

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH09143488A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010148046A3 (en) * 2009-06-17 2011-04-21 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Enrichment of monounsaturated acids/esters in vegetable oil- or animal fat-based feedstock using metal salts dissolved in ionic liquids
WO2016194359A1 (en) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-08 備前化成株式会社 Process for producing highly unsaturated fatty acid of high purity in high yield

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010148046A3 (en) * 2009-06-17 2011-04-21 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Enrichment of monounsaturated acids/esters in vegetable oil- or animal fat-based feedstock using metal salts dissolved in ionic liquids
US8173826B2 (en) 2009-06-17 2012-05-08 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Enrichment of monounsaturated acids/esters in vegetable oil—or animal fat-based feedstock using metal salts dissolved in ionic liquids
WO2016194359A1 (en) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-08 備前化成株式会社 Process for producing highly unsaturated fatty acid of high purity in high yield
JPWO2016194359A1 (en) * 2015-06-01 2017-12-28 備前化成株式会社 Process for producing highly unsaturated fatty acids with high purity and high yield
CN107922307A (en) * 2015-06-01 2018-04-17 备前化成株式会社 High-purity, the production method of highly unsaturated fatty acid in high yield
CN107922307B (en) * 2015-06-01 2021-01-12 备前化成株式会社 Method for producing highly unsaturated fatty acid with high purity and high yield

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