JPH0913869A - Electromagnetic percussion device - Google Patents
Electromagnetic percussion deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0913869A JPH0913869A JP16102495A JP16102495A JPH0913869A JP H0913869 A JPH0913869 A JP H0913869A JP 16102495 A JP16102495 A JP 16102495A JP 16102495 A JP16102495 A JP 16102495A JP H0913869 A JPH0913869 A JP H0913869A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- magnetic
- coil
- force
- linear motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、さく岩機やブレーカ等
に使用される電磁式打撃装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electromagnetic hammering device used in rock drills, breakers and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、さく岩機やブレーカ等に使用され
る打撃装置は、油圧や空圧でシリンダ内のピストンを往
復動させ、ロッドやチゼル等の工具を打撃している。空
圧式打撃装置は、機構が簡単で安価であるが、排気によ
る騒音が大きく、また、エネルギーの利用効率が１５〜
２０％と極めて低い。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a hitting device used in a rock drill, a breaker, etc. hits a tool such as a rod or a chisel by reciprocating a piston in a cylinder by hydraulic pressure or air pressure. The pneumatic hammering device has a simple mechanism and is inexpensive, but the exhaust noise is large, and the energy utilization efficiency is 15 to
It is extremely low at 20%.
【０００３】油圧式打撃装置は、エネルギーの利用効率
が５０〜６０％程度であり、油圧式打撃装置の作動のた
めに必要なエンジンや電動機等の原動機、油圧ポンプを
含めたエネルギーの利用効率は、より低くなる。また、
作動流体の圧力源として、空圧の場合はコンプレッサ
ー、油圧の場合は原動機、油圧ポンプを設けるため、設
備が大型化する。The hydraulic impact device has an energy utilization efficiency of about 50 to 60%, and the energy utilization efficiency of the engine, the motor such as an electric motor, and the hydraulic pump necessary for the operation of the hydraulic impact device is high. , Lower. Also,
As a pressure source of the working fluid, a compressor is used in the case of pneumatic pressure, and a prime mover and a hydraulic pump are used in the case of hydraulic pressure.
【０００４】そこで、シリンダにリニアモータの固定子
を設け、ピストンをリニアモータの可動子とする往復打
撃機構を備えた打撃装置が提案されている。Therefore, a striking device has been proposed which is provided with a linear motor stator in a cylinder and a reciprocating striking mechanism in which a piston serves as a mover of the linear motor.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、従来の
リニヤモータを用いた電磁式打撃装置では、さく岩機や
油圧ブレーカ等が必要とするピストンの推進力を得るこ
とは困難であり、工具を打撃する際の打撃力が不足する
という問題があった。この発明は、打撃装置におけるか
かる問題を解決するものであって、機構が簡単で必要な
設備も少なくてすみ、エネルギーの利用効率が高く且つ
十分なピストンの推進力を得ることのできる電磁式打撃
装置を提供することを目的とする。However, in the conventional electromagnetic striking device using the linear motor, it is difficult to obtain the propulsive force of the piston required by the rock drill, the hydraulic breaker, etc., and the tool is striked. There was a problem that the striking power was insufficient. The present invention solves such a problem in a striking device, has a simple mechanism, requires few equipments, has a high energy utilization efficiency, and is an electromagnetic striking device capable of obtaining a sufficient piston propulsion force. The purpose is to provide a device.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明では、シリンダ
にリニアモータの固定子を設け、ピストンをリニアモー
タの可動子とする往復打撃機構を備えた打撃装置におい
て、リニアモータの固定子にコイルを区画する強磁性体
の区画部材を設けることにより、上記課題を解決してい
る。According to the present invention, in a striking device having a linear motor stator in a cylinder and a reciprocating striking mechanism in which a piston serves as a mover of the linear motor, a coil is mounted on the stator of the linear motor. The above problem is solved by providing a partition member made of a ferromagnetic material.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】電磁式打撃装置を駆動するとき、固定子のコイ
ルには電流が供給され、通電したコイル内には磁界が発
生してピストンを往復動させる。磁力線は、比透磁率の
大きい部分を通り易いという特徴があるので、このとき
磁力線は区画部材中を集中して流れる。従って、ピスト
ンの後端部と区画部材との間のギャップには、磁力線が
集中し、区画部材がないものと比べると磁束密度が高く
なる。When the electromagnetic striking device is driven, a current is supplied to the coil of the stator, and a magnetic field is generated in the energized coil to reciprocate the piston. Since the magnetic force lines have a characteristic that they easily pass through a portion having a large relative magnetic permeability, at this time, the magnetic force lines concentrate and flow in the partition member. Therefore, lines of magnetic force are concentrated in the gap between the rear end portion of the piston and the partition member, and the magnetic flux density is higher than that in the case without the partition member.
【０００８】磁気エネルギーは、透磁率が低く磁束密度
の高いところに蓄積される。強磁性体からなるピストン
及び区画部材の透磁率は、空気中の透磁率に比べて非常
に大きいので、磁気エネルギーの殆どがピストンとコイ
ルとの間のギャップに蓄積される。よって、ピストンと
区画部材との間のギャップにおける磁気エネルギーは、
区画部材がないものと比べて極めて大きくなり、磁気エ
ネルギーが大となれば、ピストンの推進力も大となる。The magnetic energy is accumulated where the magnetic permeability is low and the magnetic flux density is high. Since the magnetic permeability of the piston and the partition member made of a ferromagnetic material is much higher than the magnetic permeability in air, most of the magnetic energy is stored in the gap between the piston and the coil. Therefore, the magnetic energy in the gap between the piston and the partition member is
It becomes extremely larger than that without a partition member, and the greater the magnetic energy, the greater the thrust of the piston.
【０００９】このように、強磁性体の区画部材を設けた
ことにより、この電磁式打撃装置では、ピストンの推進
力が大となり、さく岩機やブレーカ等の打撃装置が必要
とする大きな打撃力が得られる。As described above, by providing the partition member made of a ferromagnetic material, in this electromagnetic striking device, the propulsive force of the piston becomes large, and the striking force required by the striking device such as a rock drill or a breaker is large. Is obtained.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】図１は本発明の一実施例である電磁式打撃装
置を備えたブレーカの構成の説明図、図２はピストン及
びコイルの下半部の磁力線の解析結果の説明図である。
このブレーカ１では、シリンダ２に、リニアモータの固
定子を構成する円筒状のコイル５が設けられており、そ
の内側にリニアモータの可動子となるピストン３が設け
られている。1 is an explanatory view of the structure of a breaker equipped with an electromagnetic striking device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an analysis result of magnetic lines of force in the lower half of a piston and a coil.
In this breaker 1, a cylinder 2 is provided with a cylindrical coil 5 that constitutes a stator of a linear motor, and a piston 3 that is a mover of the linear motor is provided inside thereof.
【００１１】コイル５は、強磁性体の区画部材６によっ
て前後（図上左右）等間隔に５区画に区画されている。
区画部材６としては、強磁性体からなる積層板が用いら
れている。このコイル５は、制御装置１１からの制御信
号によって開閉されるスイッチ１３を介して電源１２に
接続されている。ピストン３は、前部が強磁性体からな
る大径部３Ｆ、後部が非磁性金属からなる小径部３Ｒで
構成されている。大径部３Ｆとコイル５との間にはギャ
ップＧがあり、小径部３Ｒがコイル５の後方に設けられ
た軸受８で支持されていて、ピストン３は、シリンダ２
内を前後に往復動可能になっている。シリンダ２の前方
にはチゼル４が所定距離前後摺動可能に挿着されてい
る。ピストン３の後端には、ピストン３を前方に付勢す
るばね７が装着されている。The coil 5 is divided into five sections at equal intervals in the front and rear (left and right in the figure) by a partition member 6 made of a ferromagnetic material.
As the partition member 6, a laminated plate made of a ferromagnetic material is used. The coil 5 is connected to the power source 12 via a switch 13 which is opened / closed by a control signal from the control device 11. The piston 3 has a large diameter portion 3F made of a ferromagnetic material at the front portion and a small diameter portion 3R made of a non-magnetic metal at the rear portion. There is a gap G between the large diameter portion 3F and the coil 5, the small diameter portion 3R is supported by a bearing 8 provided behind the coil 5, and the piston 3 is connected to the cylinder 2
It can be moved back and forth inside. A chisel 4 is inserted in front of the cylinder 2 so as to be slidable back and forth by a predetermined distance. At the rear end of the piston 3, a spring 7 that biases the piston 3 forward is attached.
【００１２】シリンダ２の後部には、ピストン３が前後
に往復動するときの位置を検出するため、前後に所定距
離離隔して２個の位置検出器９、１０が設けられてお
り、この位置検出器９、１０はそれぞれ制御装置１１に
接続されている。スイッチ１３が開となりコイル５に電
流が供給されていない状態では、ピストン３は、ばね７
の力で前進してチゼル４の後端面に当接する位置にあ
る。At the rear part of the cylinder 2, two position detectors 9 and 10 are provided at the front and rear for a predetermined distance in order to detect the position when the piston 3 reciprocates back and forth. The detectors 9 and 10 are each connected to the control device 11. When the switch 13 is opened and the coil 5 is not supplied with current, the piston 3 is moved to the spring 7
It is in a position where it moves forward by the force of and comes into contact with the rear end surface of the chisel 4.
【００１３】前方の位置検出器９は、この状態のピスト
ン３の後端位置を検出して制御装置１１に信号を送出す
る。この位置検出器９からの信号を受けた制御装置１１
は、スイッチ１３に信号を送ってスイッチ１３を閉と
し、コイル５には電流が供給される。通電したコイル５
内には磁界が発生し、強磁性体からなるピストン３の大
径部３Ｆは磁化される。このとき、図２に示すように、
ピストン３の下側において、コイル５に流れる電流の向
きは、紙面の裏側から表側への向きとなっており、ピス
トン３の大径部３Ｆの後端部付近では、磁力線１４の向
きが上向きとなっている。ここでは、コイル５にはフレ
ミングの左手の法則に従って前方への力が働くので、そ
の反力としてピストン３には後方への力が働く。The front position detector 9 detects the rear end position of the piston 3 in this state and sends a signal to the control device 11. The control device 11 which receives the signal from the position detector 9
Sends a signal to the switch 13 to close the switch 13 and current is supplied to the coil 5. Energized coil 5
A magnetic field is generated inside, and the large diameter portion 3F of the piston 3 made of a ferromagnetic material is magnetized. At this time, as shown in FIG.
On the lower side of the piston 3, the direction of the current flowing through the coil 5 is from the back side of the paper surface to the front side, and near the rear end of the large diameter portion 3F of the piston 3, the direction of the magnetic force line 14 is upward. Has become. Here, since a forward force acts on the coil 5 according to Fleming's left-hand rule, a backward force acts on the piston 3 as a reaction force thereof.
【００１４】後方への力が働いたピストン３は、ばね７
を圧縮しながら後退・加速する。ピストン３が後退を続
け、ピストン３の後端が後方の位置検出器１０の位置に
達すると、位置検出器１０はピストン３の後端位置を検
出して制御装置１１に信号を送出する。この位置検出器
１０からの信号を受けた制御装置１１は、スイッチ１３
に電流を遮断する信号を送ってスイッチ１３を開とし、
コイル５への電流の供給を停止する。コイル５への電流
の供給が停止されると、磁界がなくなるので、ピストン
３に働いていた後方への推力が失われ、ピストン３は、
ばね７の反力によって後退速度が減少してやがて停止す
る。The piston 3 to which the backward force is applied is spring 7
It retreats and accelerates while compressing. When the piston 3 continues to retract and the rear end of the piston 3 reaches the position of the rear position detector 10, the position detector 10 detects the rear end position of the piston 3 and sends a signal to the control device 11. The control device 11 receiving the signal from the position detector 10 switches the switch 13
To send a signal to cut off the current to open the switch 13,
The supply of current to the coil 5 is stopped. When the supply of the electric current to the coil 5 is stopped, the magnetic field disappears, so the backward thrust acting on the piston 3 is lost, and the piston 3
The reaction force of the spring 7 reduces the retreat speed and eventually stops.
【００１５】その後、ピストン３は圧縮されたばね７の
力によって前進・加速され、前進したピストン３は、チ
ゼル４の後端面に打撃を与える。前方の位置検出器９
は、この状態のピストン３の後端位置を検出して制御装
置１１に信号を送出する。この位置検出器９からの信号
を受けた制御装置１１は、再びスイッチ１３を閉とし、
コイル５には電流が供給されので、ピストン３は再度後
退を開始し、以後同様のサイクルが繰り返される。After that, the piston 3 is advanced and accelerated by the force of the compressed spring 7, and the advanced piston 3 strikes the rear end surface of the chisel 4. Front position detector 9
Detects the rear end position of the piston 3 in this state and sends a signal to the control device 11. The control device 11 receiving the signal from the position detector 9 closes the switch 13 again,
Since electric current is supplied to the coil 5, the piston 3 starts retreating again, and the same cycle is repeated thereafter.
【００１６】このサイクルにおいて、制御装置１１が後
方の位置検出器１０からの信号を受けてからスイッチ１
３に電流を遮断する信号を送るまでの時間を変更すれ
ば、ピストン３のストロークが変化して、ばね７に蓄え
られるエネルギーが変化するので、ピストン３の打撃時
の速度を制御することができる。この実施例では、ピス
トン３の後端にばね７を装着しているが、ピストン３の
後方に圧力室を設け、この圧力室にガスを封入して、ピ
ストン３の後退でガスを加圧し、このガスの反力によっ
てピストン３を前進させるように構成することもでき
る。In this cycle, the controller 11 receives a signal from the rear position detector 10 and then the switch 1
If the time until the signal for interrupting the current is sent to 3 is changed, the stroke of the piston 3 changes and the energy stored in the spring 7 changes, so that the speed of the piston 3 at the time of impact can be controlled. . In this embodiment, the spring 7 is attached to the rear end of the piston 3, but a pressure chamber is provided at the rear of the piston 3, gas is sealed in this pressure chamber, and the gas is pressurized when the piston 3 retracts. The piston 3 may be moved forward by the reaction force of this gas.
【００１７】上記の電磁式打撃装置の作動において、磁
力線１４は、比透磁率の大きい部分を通り易いという特
徴があるので、図２に示すように、ピストン３の大径部
３Ｆの後端部が強磁性体の区画部材６付近にあるとき、
磁力線１４が区画部材６中を集中して流れる。従って、
ピストン３の大径部３Ｆの後端部と区画部材６との間の
ギャップＧには、磁力線１４が集中し、区画部材６がな
いものと比べると磁束密度が高くなる。In the operation of the above electromagnetic striking device, the magnetic force lines 14 are characterized in that they can easily pass through a portion having a large relative magnetic permeability, so that the rear end portion of the large diameter portion 3F of the piston 3 as shown in FIG. Is near the ferromagnetic partition member 6,
The magnetic force lines 14 flow concentratedly in the partition member 6. Therefore,
The magnetic force lines 14 concentrate in the gap G between the rear end portion of the large diameter portion 3F of the piston 3 and the partition member 6, and the magnetic flux density is higher than that without the partition member 6.
【００１８】磁気エネルギーは、次式で表され、透磁率
が低く磁束密度の高いところに蓄積れる。 Ｗ＝Ｂ2 ／（２μ） Ｗ：磁気エネルギー Ｂ：磁束密度 μ：透磁率 強磁性体からなるピストン３の大径部３Ｆ及び区画部材
６の透磁率は、空気中の透磁率に比べて非常に大きいの
で、磁気エネルギーの殆どがピストン３の大径部３Ｆの
後端部とコイル５との間のギャップＧに蓄積される。The magnetic energy is expressed by the following equation, and is accumulated in a place where the magnetic permeability is low and the magnetic flux density is high. W = B 2 / (2μ) W: Magnetic energy B: Magnetic flux density μ: Permeability The permeability of the large diameter portion 3F of the piston 3 made of a ferromagnetic material and the partition member 6 is much higher than that of air. Therefore, most of the magnetic energy is stored in the gap G between the rear end of the large diameter portion 3F of the piston 3 and the coil 5.
【００１９】よって、ピストン３の大径部３Ｆの後端部
と区画部材６との間のギャップＧにおける磁気エネルギ
ーは、区画部材６がないものと比べて極めて大きくなっ
ている。ピストン３の推進力は、次式で表され、磁気エ
ネルギーが大となれば、ピストン３の推進力も大とな
る。Therefore, the magnetic energy in the gap G between the rear end of the large-diameter portion 3F of the piston 3 and the partition member 6 is extremely large as compared with that without the partition member 6. The propulsive force of the piston 3 is expressed by the following equation, and the greater the magnetic energy, the greater the propulsive force of the piston 3.
【００２０】Ｆ＝∂Ｗ／∂Ｘ Ｆ：ピストンの推進力 Ｗ：磁気エネルギー Ｘ：ピストンの前後方向の変位 このように、強磁性体の区画部材６を設けたことによ
り、この電磁式打撃装置では、ピストンの推進力が大と
なり、さく岩機やブレーカ等の打撃装置が必要とする大
きな打撃力が得られている。F = ∂W / ∂X F: Propulsion force of piston W: Magnetic energy X: Displacement of piston in the longitudinal direction As described above, by providing the partition member 6 made of a ferromagnetic material, this electromagnetic striking device is provided. Then, the propulsive force of the piston becomes large, and a large striking force required by a striking device such as a rock drill or a breaker is obtained.
【００２１】この実施例では、コイル５は、強磁性体の
区画部材６によって前後等間隔に５区画に区画されてい
が、ピストン３の始動時の加速性をよくしたい場合に
は、コイル５前部の区画部材６の間隔を密にし、コイル
５後部の区画部材６の間隔を疎に配置する。また、ピス
トン３の推進力の変動を抑えたい場合は、区画部材６に
よるコイル５の区画数を増加させるとよい。In this embodiment, the coil 5 is divided into five sections at equal intervals in the front and rear by the partition member 6 made of a ferromagnetic material. However, in order to improve the acceleration at the time of starting the piston 3, the coil 5 is in front. The partition members 6 of the other parts are made close to each other, and the partition members 6 of the rear part of the coil 5 are arranged to be sparsely spaced. Further, when it is desired to suppress the fluctuation of the propulsive force of the piston 3, it is preferable to increase the number of partitions of the coil 5 by the partition member 6.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の電磁式打
撃装置は、機構が簡単で必要な設備も少なくてすみ、大
きなピストンの推進力を得ることができるので、さく岩
機やブレーカ等の打撃装置において、必要とする大きな
打撃力を工具に与えることができる。また、電磁力を推
進力とするため空圧式や油圧式の打撃装置に比べてエネ
ルギーの利用効率が高く、省エネルギー効果が大であ
り、ピストンのストロークや速度を電気的に制御するこ
とができるので操作も容易となる。As described above, the electromagnetic striking device of the present invention has a simple mechanism, requires a small amount of equipment, and can obtain a large piston propulsion force. In the striking device of No. 1, it is possible to apply a required large striking force to the tool. In addition, since electromagnetic force is used as the propulsive force, the energy use efficiency is higher than that of pneumatic or hydraulic impact devices, the energy saving effect is great, and the stroke and speed of the piston can be electrically controlled. The operation is also easy.
【図１】本発明の一実施例である電磁式打撃装置を備え
たブレーカの構成の説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of a breaker including an electromagnetic striking device that is an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】ピストン及びコイルの下半部の磁力線の解析結
果の説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an analysis result of magnetic force lines in a lower half portion of a piston and a coil.
１ ブレーカ ２ シリンダ ３ ピストン ４ チゼル ５ コイル ６ 区画部材 ７ ばね ８ 軸受 ９ 位置検出器 １０ 位置検出器 １１ 制御装置 １２ 電源 １３ スイッチ Ｇ ギャップ 1 Breaker 2 Cylinder 3 Piston 4 Chisel 5 Coil 6 Partitioning Member 7 Spring 8 Bearing 9 Position Detector 10 Position Detector 11 Control Device 12 Power Supply 13 Switch G Gap
Claims (1)
け、ピストンをリニアモータの可動子とする往復打撃機
構を備えた打撃装置において、リニアモータの固定子に
コイルを区画する強磁性体の区画部材を設けたことを特
徴とする電磁式打撃装置。1. In a striking device having a reciprocating striking mechanism in which a cylinder is provided with a stator of a linear motor and a piston is a mover of the linear motor, a partitioning member made of a ferromagnetic material that partitions a coil into the stator of the linear motor. An electromagnetic striking device, characterized by being provided with.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16102495A JP3461622B2 (en) | 1995-06-27 | 1995-06-27 | Electromagnetic impact device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16102495A JP3461622B2 (en) | 1995-06-27 | 1995-06-27 | Electromagnetic impact device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0913869A true JPH0913869A (en) | 1997-01-14 |
| JP3461622B2 JP3461622B2 (en) | 2003-10-27 |
Family
ID=15727144
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16102495A Expired - Fee Related JP3461622B2 (en) | 1995-06-27 | 1995-06-27 | Electromagnetic impact device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3461622B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010167558A (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2010-08-05 | Hilti Ag | Striking mechanism and hand tool device |
| CN104022616A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Hole-bottom tubular linear motor electric impactor |
| CN114602582A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-10 | 柳工常州机械有限公司 | Electric breaking hammer |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109098653B (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2020-12-22 | 广州煌牌自动设备有限公司 | Rock drilling gun |
-
1995
- 1995-06-27 JP JP16102495A patent/JP3461622B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010167558A (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2010-08-05 | Hilti Ag | Striking mechanism and hand tool device |
| CN104022616A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Hole-bottom tubular linear motor electric impactor |
| CN114602582A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-10 | 柳工常州机械有限公司 | Electric breaking hammer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3461622B2 (en) | 2003-10-27 |
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