JPH09122640A - Waste water treatment method - Google Patents
Waste water treatment methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09122640A JPH09122640A JP30348495A JP30348495A JPH09122640A JP H09122640 A JPH09122640 A JP H09122640A JP 30348495 A JP30348495 A JP 30348495A JP 30348495 A JP30348495 A JP 30348495A JP H09122640 A JPH09122640 A JP H09122640A
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- treatment
- waste
- photocatalyst
- treated water
- water
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、廃棄物埋立処分場
において浸出する浸出水（以下、ごみ浸出水と略す）あ
るいはし尿等の廃水処理における高度処理方法に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an advanced treatment method for treating wastewater such as leachate (hereinafter abbreviated as waste leachate) or human waste that is leached at a waste landfill site.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】廃棄物埋立処分場では、地下水に対して
耐水構造となっており、その底部には集水設備が設けら
れている。この集水設備に集まる水、いわゆるごみ浸出
水は、降雨による浸透水、ごみ層内圧密の進行に伴い排
出される保有水、ごみ層内部の有機物分解による分解水
などである。このごみ浸出水には有害物質などが高濃度
に含まれており、従来、これらの除去処理を行った後、
放流されていた。2. Description of the Related Art A waste landfill site has a water resistant structure against groundwater, and a water collection facility is provided at the bottom thereof. The water that collects in this water collection facility, so-called waste leachate, is seepage water due to rainfall, retained water that is discharged along with the progress of consolidation within the waste layer, and decomposed water due to decomposition of organic substances inside the waste layer. This garbage leachate contains a high concentration of harmful substances, etc.
It was released.
【０００３】図１にごみ浸出水の従来の処理プロセスの
一例を示す。図１においては、廃棄物埋立処分場からの
ごみ浸出水に対し、沈砂処理やカルシウム除去などの一
次処理（前処理）を行った後、脱窒等の生物処理、凝集
沈澱処理等からなる二次処理等を行い、さらには、二次
処理水に微量に含まれている汚染物質を除去するために
オゾン酸化処理や活性炭吸着処理などの高度処理を行
い、最終的に塩素による滅菌処理を行って放流してい
た。しかしながら、最近のごみ浸出水では、難分解性有
機物が多く残留していることが報告されている。このよ
うな難分解性有機物は従来行われている生物処理や凝集
沈澱ではあまり除去されず、活性炭吸着処理後も残留す
ることが分かっている。こうした難分解性有機物には変
異原性物質などの有害有機物や塩素滅菌に伴う有機ハロ
ゲン化合物生成の前駆物質が含まれていることが指摘さ
れており、ごみ浸出水中の難分解性有機物の除去は重要
な課題となっている。FIG. 1 shows an example of a conventional treatment process for waste leachate. In Figure 1, waste leachate from a landfill site is subjected to primary treatment (pretreatment) such as sand sedimentation and calcium removal, followed by biological treatment such as denitrification and coagulation sedimentation treatment. Performs secondary treatment, etc., and further performs advanced treatment such as ozone oxidation treatment and activated carbon adsorption treatment to remove pollutants contained in trace amounts in the secondary treated water, and finally sterilizes with chlorine. Was released. However, it has been reported that a lot of persistent organic matter remains in the recent leachate of refuse. It is known that such hardly decomposable organic matter is not removed so much by conventional biological treatment or coagulation precipitation, and remains after the activated carbon adsorption treatment. It has been pointed out that such persistent organic substances include harmful organic substances such as mutagenic substances and precursors for the production of organohalogen compounds associated with chlorine sterilization. It has become an important issue.
【０００４】し尿の従来処理プロセスもごみ浸出水の処
理とほぼ同様に、沈砂等の一次処理（前処理）、脱窒等
の生物処理、凝集沈澱処理、砂ろ過等からなる二次処理
を行い、オゾン酸化処理、活性炭吸着処理などの高度処
理を行い、最終的には塩素による滅菌処理を行って放流
している。しかしながら、上記のし尿の処理において
は、ごみ浸出水と同様に凝集沈澱後も残留する難分解性
有機物の問題があり、さらに加えて着色物質の残留があ
り、高度処理を施しても処理水に色が残るという問題を
有している。In the conventional treatment process of human waste, similar to the treatment of waste leachate, a primary treatment (pretreatment) of sedimentation, a biological treatment such as denitrification, a secondary treatment including coagulation sedimentation treatment, sand filtration and the like are performed. Advanced treatment, such as ozone oxidation treatment and activated carbon adsorption treatment, is finally sterilized with chlorine before being discharged. However, in the treatment of the above-mentioned human waste, there is a problem of persistent organic substances that remain after coagulation and sedimentation, as in the case of waste leachate. It has a problem that color remains.
【０００５】また、上記ごみ浸出水やし尿等の廃水の高
度処理後に行われる塩素滅菌処理は、有害物質である有
機塩素系化合物を生成する危険性があり、問題となって
いる。Further, the chlorine sterilization treatment carried out after the advanced treatment of waste water such as the above-mentioned waste leachate and night urine poses a problem because there is a risk of producing an organic chlorine compound which is a harmful substance.
【０００６】一方、光触媒の存在下で光を照射して廃水
を処理する方法は既に良く知られた技術であり、例え
ば、特開平５−７６８７７号公報、特開平７−１４８４
３４号公報、特公平７−３６９１２号公報などが挙げら
れる。しかしながら、光触媒を用いた光触媒反応処理
は、光触媒体の表面でのみ反応が進行すること、紫外線
が照射された部位でのみ反応が進むことから廃水に多量
に含まれる有機物などの分解には不適であることが既に
指摘されている（用水と廃水 Ｖｏｌ．３６ Ｎｏ．１
０，１９９４ ｐｐ８５１−８５７）。On the other hand, a method of treating wastewater by irradiating light in the presence of a photocatalyst is a well-known technique, and is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-5-76877 and 7-1484.
34, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-36912, and the like. However, the photocatalytic reaction treatment using a photocatalyst is not suitable for decomposition of a large amount of organic matter contained in wastewater because the reaction proceeds only on the surface of the photocatalyst and the reaction proceeds only at the site irradiated with ultraviolet rays. It has already been pointed out that there is water (water and wastewater Vol. 36 No. 1
0,1994 pp851-857).
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、ごみ浸出水
あるいはし尿の生物処理、凝集沈澱処理等の二次処理後
においても残留する難分解性有機物や着色物質を分解除
去することができ、高度な処理水を得るとともに、有機
塩素系化合物の生成の原因となる塩素滅菌処理に代わる
滅菌処理を行うことができる廃水処理プロセスを提供す
ることを目的とする。The present invention is capable of decomposing and removing persistent organic substances and coloring substances that remain even after secondary treatment such as biological treatment of leachate of waste litter or human waste, coagulation sedimentation treatment, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide a wastewater treatment process capable of obtaining highly treated water and performing sterilization treatment instead of chlorine sterilization treatment that causes generation of organochlorine compounds.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は上記の従来の
ごみ浸出水あるいはし尿の処理方法の問題点を解決する
ため、種々の検討を行った結果、光触媒の存在下で光、
特に、紫外線を照射する光酸化処理を適用することで滅
菌も同時に行うことができる高度な浄化処理が可能なこ
とを見いだし本発明に至った。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor has conducted various studies in order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned conventional methods for treating leachate or human waste, and as a result, in the presence of a photocatalyst, light,
In particular, the inventors have found that by applying a photo-oxidation treatment of irradiating ultraviolet rays, a high-level purification treatment capable of performing sterilization at the same time is possible, and the present invention has been completed.
【０００９】本発明は、廃棄物埋立処分に伴うごみ浸出
水あるいはし尿からなる廃水を一次処理及び二次処理し
たのち、得られた処理水に対し光触媒の存在下で光照射
（光触媒反応処理）、特に紫外線照射することにより、
該処理水中に残留している難分解性有機物が分解できる
とともに滅菌することができることを特徴とする。すな
わち、本発明によるごみ浸出水あるいはし尿の処理プロ
セスの特徴は、従来から行われている沈砂、カルシウム
沈澱等の一次処理（前処理）、生物処理、凝集沈澱処理
等の二次処理を行った後に、光触媒反応処理を組み込ん
だ点にある。According to the present invention, waste leachate resulting from landfill disposal of waste or waste water consisting of human waste is subjected to primary treatment and secondary treatment, and then the obtained treated water is irradiated with light in the presence of a photocatalyst (photocatalytic reaction treatment). , Especially by UV irradiation,
It is characterized in that the persistent organic substances remaining in the treated water can be decomposed and can be sterilized. That is, the characteristics of the treatment process of refuse leachate or human waste according to the present invention are that a conventional primary treatment (pretreatment) such as sedimentation and calcium precipitation, a secondary treatment such as biological treatment and coagulation sedimentation treatment is performed. Later, the photocatalytic reaction treatment was incorporated.
【００１０】本発明の廃水処理方法において行われる一
次処理及び二次処理は、沈砂、カルシウム沈澱、生物処
理、凝集沈澱処理、砂ろ過等を適宜選択して組み合わせ
て構成される。The primary treatment and secondary treatment carried out in the wastewater treatment method of the present invention are constituted by appropriately selecting and combining sand sedimentation, calcium sedimentation, biological treatment, coagulation sedimentation treatment, sand filtration and the like.
【００１１】本発明の廃水処理方法によれば、通常の一
次処理及び二次処理後では分解除去することができず、
残留している難分解性有機物や着色物質を分解除去する
ことができ、更に滅菌効果のある光照射、特に紫外線照
射を行うため、滅菌効果も同時に与えることができる。
また滅菌に塩素を用いないため、有機塩素化合物の生成
を抑えることができる。According to the wastewater treatment method of the present invention, it cannot be decomposed and removed after the usual primary treatment and secondary treatment,
Remaining hardly decomposable organic substances and coloring substances can be decomposed and removed. Further, since light irradiation having a sterilizing effect, especially ultraviolet irradiation is performed, a sterilizing effect can be given at the same time.
Moreover, since chlorine is not used for sterilization, the production of organic chlorine compounds can be suppressed.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明による廃水処理方法を、ご
み浸出水処理を例にして図２に示す処理プロセスの一例
に従って説明する。ごみ浸出水に対して炭酸ソーダ等を
添加して凝集沈澱を行わせ、凝集したカルシウム物質等
の除去などの前処理を行う。次いで、接触酸化法や回転
円板法などの生物処理法でＢＯＤ上昇物質などの有機物
を分解するとともに窒素を除去した後、汚泥分離する。
次いで得られた生物処理水を凝集沈澱および砂ろ過によ
り、ＣＯＤ上昇物質、ＳＳ（懸濁物質）を除去する。得
られた砂ろ過処理水には、生物的に分解されにくい物質
や、凝集沈澱および砂ろ過で除去されない着色物質、微
生物などが未だ残存するので、これをさらに光触媒の存
在下で紫外線照射（光触媒反応処理）することにより、
残存物質を酸化分解するとともに滅菌を行うことができ
る。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The wastewater treatment method according to the present invention will be described with reference to an example of the treatment process shown in FIG. Sodium carbonate or the like is added to the leachate of the refuse to cause coagulation and precipitation, and pretreatment such as removal of aggregated calcium substances is performed. Next, after decomposing organic substances such as BOD-increasing substances and removing nitrogen by a biological treatment method such as a catalytic oxidation method or a rotating disk method, sludge is separated.
Next, the obtained biologically treated water is subjected to coagulation sedimentation and sand filtration to remove COD-increasing substances and SS (suspended substances). The obtained sand-filtered water still contains substances that are not easily biodegradable, colored substances that are not removed by coagulating sedimentation and sand filtration, and microorganisms, which can be further irradiated with UV light (photocatalyst) in the presence of a photocatalyst. (Reaction treatment)
The residual substance can be oxidatively decomposed and sterilized.
【００１３】光触媒反応処理を、有機物を多量に含むご
み浸出水やし尿そのものに直接適用した場合には、光触
媒反応は、光が照射された部位のみで進むこと及び光触
媒の表面のみで進行することから、時間がかかりすぎ不
適である。しかしながら、ごみ浸出水やし尿の処理プロ
セスにおける一次処理及び二次処理された処理水に微量
に含まれる難分解性有機物の分解処理には光触媒反応処
理は有効な手段であることが、本発明により明らかにな
った。When the photocatalytic reaction treatment is directly applied to the waste leachate or the human urine itself containing a large amount of organic substances, the photocatalytic reaction proceeds only on the site irradiated with light and only on the surface of the photocatalyst. Therefore, it takes too much time and is not suitable. However, according to the present invention, the photocatalytic reaction treatment is an effective means for decomposing the hardly-decomposable organic matter contained in a small amount in the treated water subjected to the primary treatment and the secondary treatment in the treatment process of refuse leachate and human waste. It was revealed.
【００１４】本発明の廃水処理に使用される光触媒は、
二酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、三酸化タングステン、あるい
はこれらの表面に白金、パラジウム、酸化鉄のいずれか
を担持させたものを用いることができるが、二酸化チタ
ンあるいは二酸化チタンに白金を担持させたものが好ま
しい。光触媒は粉末形態のものを被処理液に懸濁させて
用いてもよいし、担体に担持させたものを用いることも
できる。The photocatalyst used in the wastewater treatment of the present invention is
Titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, tungsten trioxide, or those having platinum, palladium, or iron oxide supported on the surface thereof can be used, but titanium dioxide or titanium dioxide having platinum supported thereon is preferable. . The photocatalyst may be used in the form of powder suspended in the liquid to be treated, or may be supported on a carrier.
【００１５】本発明の廃水処理において照射する光は、
殺菌効果の高い２５４ｎｍを中心波長とする２００〜４
００ｎｍの紫外線を用いることが好ましい。このような
光を発生する光源としては高圧および低圧の水銀灯、キ
セノン光源、ハロゲン光源、エキシマレーザ光源を用い
ることができる。また太陽光を用いることで消費エネル
ギーを節約することができる。The light irradiated in the wastewater treatment of the present invention is
200 to 4 with a central wavelength of 254 nm, which has a high bactericidal effect
It is preferable to use ultraviolet rays of 00 nm. As a light source for generating such light, a high pressure and low pressure mercury lamp, a xenon light source, a halogen light source, or an excimer laser light source can be used. Moreover, energy consumption can be saved by using sunlight.
【００１６】本発明の廃水処理において光触媒反応に適
用可能な装置としては、例えば、特開平５−１５４３８
７号公報に記載の光触媒を担持した高分子膜と光を供給
するための光ファイバーを反応槽内に有する装置や、特
開平６−３２８０６８号公報に記載の光触媒を反応液に
懸濁させて光を内部照射装置で供給して光触媒反応を行
ったのち光触媒を分離回収する方式の装置や、本発明者
が既に出願した特願平７−２９９４７号明細書に示した
光触媒を固定化した平板上発光体を有する光触媒反応装
置などが挙げられる。しかし本発明は光触媒反応装置の
構造や光供給方式、光触媒の使用方式を特定するもので
はない。An apparatus applicable to the photocatalytic reaction in the wastewater treatment of the present invention is, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 15438/1993.
A device having a photocatalyst-carrying polymer film described in JP-A No. 7 and an optical fiber for supplying light in a reaction tank, and a photocatalyst described in JP-A-6-328068 suspended in a reaction liquid to emit light. On the flat plate on which the photocatalyst is fixed, as shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 7-29947 already filed by the inventor of the present invention. Examples thereof include a photocatalytic reaction device having a light emitting body. However, the present invention does not specify the structure of the photocatalytic reaction device, the light supply method, or the usage method of the photocatalyst.
【００１７】本発明によるし尿の処理プロセスも、図２
と基本的な処理プロセスは同じであり、先に述べたよう
に生物処理方法がごみ浸出水の処理と異なるだけであ
る。The process for treating human waste according to the present invention is also shown in FIG.
And the basic treatment process is the same, except that the biological treatment method is different from the treatment of waste leachate as mentioned above.
【００１８】[0018]
【実施例】廃棄物の埋立処理場の浸出水を前処理、生物
処理、凝集沈澱処理および砂ろ過処理した処理水につい
て、光触媒を用いた光触媒反応処理を行った実施例を以
下に示す。[Examples] The following is an example in which the photocatalytic reaction treatment using a photocatalyst was performed on the treated water obtained by subjecting the leachate of the waste landfill treatment site to pretreatment, biological treatment, coagulation sedimentation treatment and sand filtration treatment.
【００１９】攪拌機能を有する石英ガラス製の反応容器
中に被反応溶液として前記処理水を収容し、光触媒反応
処理を行った。光触媒は粉末の二酸化チタン（アナター
ス型）を用い、被反応液に０．３％の濃度で懸濁させて
紫外線照射を行った。紫外線は１０Ｗの殺菌灯（中心波
長：２５４ｎｍ）８本により反応容器の外部から照射し
た。光触媒反応は室温で行った。The treated water was contained as a solution to be reacted in a quartz glass reaction vessel having a stirring function, and a photocatalytic reaction treatment was performed. Titanium dioxide powder (anatase type) was used as the photocatalyst, and was suspended in the liquid to be reacted at a concentration of 0.3% and irradiated with ultraviolet rays. Ultraviolet rays were emitted from the outside of the reaction vessel by eight 10 W germicidal lamps (center wavelength: 254 nm). The photocatalytic reaction was performed at room temperature.
【００２０】被反応液の光触媒反応処理前の有機物濃度
はＴＯＣ（全有機炭素）濃度で３５ｍｇ／ｌであり、該
被反応液中の有機物は、生物処理および凝集沈澱処理後
も除去されず残留している難分解性有機物である。図３
に、二酸化チタンの存在下で紫外線を照射したときの反
応液のＴＯＣ濃度の経時変化を示す。図３に示すように
反応開始後６時間でＴＯＣの６０％以上が分解されたこ
とが分かる。また、生菌数測定を行った結果、光触媒反
応処理前の生菌大腸菌群数は１５０個／１００ｍｌであ
ったが、８時間光触媒反応処理した後の処理水の生菌大
腸菌群数は０個／１００ｍｌであった。The concentration of organic substances in the liquid to be reacted before the photocatalytic reaction treatment is 35 mg / l in TOC (total organic carbon) concentration, and the organic substances in the liquid to be reacted are not removed even after the biological treatment and the coagulation-precipitation treatment. It is a persistent organic substance that does not decompose. FIG.
FIG. 3 shows the change with time of the TOC concentration of the reaction solution when irradiated with ultraviolet rays in the presence of titanium dioxide. As shown in FIG. 3, 60% or more of TOC was decomposed 6 hours after the reaction was started. As a result of measuring the viable cell count, the number of viable coliform bacteria before the photocatalytic reaction treatment was 150/100 ml, but the number of viable coliform bacteria in the treated water after the photocatalytic reaction treatment for 8 hours was 0. / 100 ml.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】本発明のごみ浸出水あるいはし尿の処理
方法によれば、従来、一次処理あるいは二次処理後に、
大きな問題となっていた処理水中に残留している難分解
性有機物や着色物質を分解除去できるとともに、同時に
紫外線による処理水の滅菌ができる。また、従来行われ
ていた塩素による滅菌を省くことができるので、有害物
質である有機塩素化合物の生成を抑制することができ
る。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the method for treating leachate or human waste of the present invention, conventionally, after the primary treatment or the secondary treatment,
It is possible to decompose and remove persistent organic substances and coloring substances remaining in the treated water, which has been a big problem, and at the same time, to sterilize the treated water by ultraviolet rays. Further, since sterilization with chlorine which has been conventionally performed can be omitted, it is possible to suppress the generation of an organic chlorine compound which is a harmful substance.
【図１】従来のごみ浸出水の処理プロセスの一例を示
す。FIG. 1 shows an example of a conventional waste leachate treatment process.
【図２】光触媒存在下での光触媒反応処理を組み込んだ
本発明によるごみ浸出水の処理プロセスの一例を示す。FIG. 2 shows an example of a treatment process of refuse leachate according to the present invention, which incorporates a photocatalytic reaction treatment in the presence of a photocatalyst.
【図３】ごみ浸出水を生物処理・凝集沈澱処理・砂ろ過
処理して得られた処理水について、二酸化チタンの存在
下で紫外線照射したときの反応液のＴＯＣ濃度の経時変
化を示す。FIG. 3 shows a time-dependent change in TOC concentration of a reaction liquid when treated with water obtained by subjecting leachate leachate to biological treatment, coagulation and sedimentation treatment, and sand filtration treatment, in the presence of titanium dioxide.
Claims (5)
尿からなる廃水を一次処理及び二次処理したのち、得ら
れた処理水に対し光触媒の存在下で光照射することによ
り、該処理水中に残留する難分解性有機物を分解処理す
るとともに滅菌処理を行うことを特徴とする廃水処理方
法。1. The treated water is subjected to a primary treatment and a secondary treatment of the leachate resulting from the landfill disposal of waste or the human waste, and then the resulting treated water is irradiated with light in the presence of a photocatalyst to give the treated water. A method for treating wastewater, which comprises decomposing and processing sterilization of residual hardly decomposable organic matter.
生物処理、凝集沈澱処理、砂ろ過から選ばれたものであ
る請求項１記載の廃水処理方法。2. The primary processing and the secondary processing are pre-processing,
The wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, which is selected from biological treatment, coagulation sedimentation treatment, and sand filtration.
いることを特徴とする請求項１記載の廃水処理方法。3. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the light irradiation uses ultraviolet rays as irradiation light.
２００〜４００ｎｍの波長を有することを特徴とする請
求項３記載の廃水処理方法。4. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 3, wherein the ultraviolet rays have a wavelength of 200 to 400 nm, which is mainly 254 nm.
鉛、三酸化タングステン、あるいはそれらの触媒の表面
に金、白金、パラジウム、酸化鉄（Ｆｅ2 Ｏ3）から選
ばれた何れかの金属を担持させた光触媒であることを特
徴とする請求項１記載の廃水処理方法。5. The photocatalyst carries titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, tungsten trioxide, or any metal selected from gold, platinum, palladium and iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) on the surface of the catalyst. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the photocatalyst is made to react.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30348495A JPH09122640A (en) | 1995-10-27 | 1995-10-27 | Waste water treatment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30348495A JPH09122640A (en) | 1995-10-27 | 1995-10-27 | Waste water treatment method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09122640A true JPH09122640A (en) | 1997-05-13 |
Family
ID=17921513
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30348495A Pending JPH09122640A (en) | 1995-10-27 | 1995-10-27 | Waste water treatment method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09122640A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11333451A (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 1999-12-07 | Raizaa Kogyo Kk | Method and apparatus for sterilization/purification by ultraviolet light |
-
1995
- 1995-10-27 JP JP30348495A patent/JPH09122640A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11333451A (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 1999-12-07 | Raizaa Kogyo Kk | Method and apparatus for sterilization/purification by ultraviolet light |
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