JPH0889113A - Method for creating transformed plant belonging to the genus eucalyptus - Google Patents

Method for creating transformed plant belonging to the genus eucalyptus

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Publication number
JPH0889113A
JPH0889113A JP6252765A JP25276594A JPH0889113A JP H0889113 A JPH0889113 A JP H0889113A JP 6252765 A JP6252765 A JP 6252765A JP 25276594 A JP25276594 A JP 25276594A JP H0889113 A JPH0889113 A JP H0889113A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
transformed
culture
medium
plant
agrobacterium
Prior art date
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Application number
JP6252765A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3565284B2 (en
Inventor
Keigo Doi
敬悟 土肥
Satoru Kawazu
哲 河津
Mariko Tsuji
真理子 辻
Mayumi Fujimaki
真由美 藤巻
Masaru Shibata
勝 柴田
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New Oji Paper Co Ltd
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New Oji Paper Co Ltd
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  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a method for creating a transformed plant belonging to the genus Eucalyptus. CONSTITUTION: This method for creating a transformed plant belonging to the genus Eucalyptus is to infect a tissue fragment of the plant belonging to the genus Eucalyptus with a bacterium belonging to the genus Agrobacterium in an infecting culture medium at a raised naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) concentration, then carry out the culture of the infected tissue fragment in the same decontaminating culture medium as the infecting culture medium, to which an antibiotic substance is added thereto, with a roller culture device, thereby decontaminate the culture medium, perform the culture of the infected tissue fragment in a sorting culture medium containing an antibiotic substance added thereto at a reduced NAA concentration with a roller culture device, further culture the resultant transformed cell conglomerate by the sorting with a roller culture device under irradiation with light, thereby create a shoot primordium and create the transformed plant belonging to the genus Eucalyptus through the prepared shoot primordium.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、アグロバクテリウム菌
を用いて形質転換されたユーカリ属植物を作出する方法
に関し、さらに詳しくは、従来のアグロバクテリウム菌
による形質転換方法によっては形質転換植物が得られな
かったユーカリ属植物に対して、有効な形質転換植物の
作出方法を提供するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a Eucalyptus plant transformed with Agrobacterium, more specifically, a transformed plant depending on a conventional transformation method with Agrobacterium. It is intended to provide an effective method for producing a transformed plant for a plant of the genus Eucalyptus for which the above-mentioned was not obtained.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】植物育種技術として、従来より選抜ある
いは交雑といった方法が広く利用されている。これらの
方法は植物の遺伝子を大きな単位として扱う広義の遺伝
子導入であると考えることができる。一方、遺伝子操作
技術の進歩によって、特定の遺伝子の単離、その遺伝子
の改変、及び植物への導入がいくつかの植物種で可能に
なってきている。これらの遺伝子操作技術を応用するこ
とによって、タバコ、イネ、トマト等の草本性植物にお
いて、実用性の高い育種が達成されつつある。しかしな
がら、一方では多くの植物において、遺伝子操作による
植物育種が困難であり、その大きな理由として形質転換
技術が未完成であることが考えられる。
2. Description of the Related Art As a plant breeding technique, methods such as selection and crossing have been widely used. These methods can be considered to be gene transfer in a broad sense in which plant genes are treated as a large unit. On the other hand, advances in gene manipulation techniques have made it possible to isolate specific genes, modify the genes, and introduce them into plants in some plant species. By applying these gene manipulation techniques, highly practical breeding is being achieved in herbaceous plants such as tobacco, rice and tomato. However, on the other hand, in many plants, plant breeding by genetic engineering is difficult, and a major reason for this is considered to be the incomplete transformation technique.

【0003】植物の形質転換技術は、(1)アグロバク
テリウム菌を介して遺伝子を導入する生物的方法、
(2)植物細胞に対して物理的あるいは化学的処理を行
い、遺伝子を直接的に導入する方法に大別される。両方
法は、対象とする植物の再分化系によって、使い分ける
必要がある。すなわち、生物的方法を用いる場合は、組
織からの形質転換植物の再分化を行う必要があり、また
直接的方法の場合は、プロトプラストから再分化を行う
必要がある。このような状況において、再分化系の確立
されていない植物の場合、組織からの再分化系を確立す
ることは、プロトプラストからの再分化系を確立するこ
とより容易であることを考え合わせると、生物的方法に
よって形質転換する方が適用範囲が広いため、産業上有
益であると考えられる。
Plant transformation techniques include (1) a biological method of introducing a gene via Agrobacterium.
(2) It is roughly classified into a method of directly introducing a gene by subjecting a plant cell to a physical or chemical treatment. Both methods need to be used properly depending on the regeneration system of the target plant. That is, when using the biological method, it is necessary to regenerate the transformed plant from the tissue, and when using the direct method, it is necessary to regenerate from the protoplast. In such a situation, in the case of a plant in which the regeneration system has not been established, considering that it is easier to establish a regeneration system from tissue than to establish a regeneration system from protoplasts, It is considered to be industrially beneficial because transformation is carried out by a biological method because it has a wider application range.

【0004】これまで、組織培養が困難であると考えら
れてきた木本性植物でも、アグロバクテリウム菌を用い
る生物学的方法によって、ロブロリーパイン(Sederoff
etal. Bio/Technology 4:647-649(1986)) 、ポプラ(F
illatti et al. Mol. Gen.Genet. 206:192-199(1987))
、ウオールナット(McGranahan et. al. Bio/Technolo
gy 6:800-804(1988))、リンゴ(James et al. Plant Ce
ll Rep. 7:658-661(1989)) 、プラム(Mante et al. Bi
o/Technology 9:853-857(1991))等で形質転換植物の作
製に成功したことが報告されている。これらの木本性植
物で形質転換植物の作出に成功した要因は、組織からの
再分化系が確立されていることに起因していると考えら
れるが、これら以外の新たな植物種で再分化系を確立す
ることは依然として困難である。
Even in woody plants, which have been considered to be difficult to cultivate tissues, loblolly pine (Sederoff) has been detected by a biological method using Agrobacterium.
et al. Bio / Technology 4: 647-649 (1986)), poplar (F
illatti et al. Mol. Gen. Genet. 206: 192-199 (1987))
, Walnut (McGranahan et. Al. Bio / Technolo
gy 6: 800-804 (1988)), apple (James et al. Plant Ce
ll Rep. 7: 658-661 (1989)), plum (Mante et al. Bi
o / Technology 9: 853-857 (1991)) and the like have been reported to have succeeded in producing transformed plants. The factors that led to the successful production of transformed plants in these woody plants are considered to be due to the establishment of a redifferentiation system from tissues. Is still difficult to establish.

【0005】一方、本発明者らは、ユーカリ属植物のプ
ロトプラストからコロニーを経て植物体を再生する方法
を既に提案している(特開平2−128631号公
報)。さらに、そのプロトプラストに対して、エレクト
ロポレーション法によって遺伝子を導入した形質転換植
物の作出法も提案している(特開平4−53429号公
報)。しかしながら、これらの新規で有効な方法であっ
ても、植物種が異なれば、新たにプロトプラストからの
再分化系を確立しなければならない。さらに形質転換植
物を得るまでに長期間を要するばかりでなく、形質転換
植物が得られる頻度が低い等の点で改良の余地が残され
ていた。
On the other hand, the present inventors have already proposed a method of regenerating a plant from a protoplast of a eucalyptus plant through colonies (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 128631/1990). Further, a method for producing a transformed plant in which a gene has been introduced into the protoplasts by an electroporation method has been proposed (JP-A-4-53429). However, even with these new and effective methods, if the plant species are different, a redifferentiation system from protoplasts must be newly established. Furthermore, there is room for improvement in that not only it takes a long time to obtain a transformed plant, but also the frequency of obtaining a transformed plant is low.

【0006】本発明者らは、苗条原基にアグロバクテリ
ウム菌を感染させる形質転換法についても提案している
(特開平2−138966号公報)。さらにユーカリ属
植物の様々な組織に対してアグロバクテリウム菌を感染
させて最適組織を決定し、さらにアグロバクテリウム菌
の感染によって形質転換された細胞を抗生物質を含む培
地で竪型回転培養することで形質転換細胞から選別する
とともに、形質転換苗条原基から容易に形質転換植物が
再生されることを提案している(特願平6−23050
号明細書)。しかしながらアグロバクテリウム菌の感染
によって得た形質転換された細胞の形質転換率は実験に
よって異なり、また形質転換苗条原基の作出も不安定で
あった。
The present inventors have also proposed a transformation method of infecting shoot primordia with Agrobacterium (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-138966). Furthermore, various tissues of Eucalyptus are infected with Agrobacterium to determine the optimum tissue, and cells transformed by Agrobacterium infection are subjected to vertical rotary culture in a medium containing antibiotics. Therefore, it is proposed that the transformed plants can be selected from the transformed cells and that the transformed plants can be easily regenerated from the transformed shoot primordium (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-23050).
Specification). However, the transformation rate of transformed cells obtained by infection with Agrobacterium varied depending on the experiment, and the production of transformed shoot primordia was unstable.

【0007】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、アグロバク
テリウム菌の感染性が低いユーカリ属植物を効率よく形
質転換し、その形質転換細胞から効率よく形質転換植物
を作出する方法を提供することを目的とする。
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for efficiently transforming a Eucalyptus plant having low infectivity of Agrobacterium and efficiently producing a transformed plant from the transformed cell. With the goal.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、前記特願
平6−23050号の発明における方法に関連して、さ
らに形質転換率の向上について鋭意検討した。その結
果、アグロバクテリウム菌の感染に用いる感染培地及び
除菌に用いる除菌培地におけるNAAの濃度を、従来の
方法の苗条原基誘導培地に比べ10〜100倍高い0.
2〜2mg/lに高めることによって、形質転換率を4
倍に向上させる安定かつ効率的に形質転換された細胞を
得る方法を発明した。そして得られた形質転換された細
胞からは上記方法(特願平6−23050号明細書)と
同じ形質転換苗条原基を誘導することができ、さらに容
易に形質転換植物を得ることが出来た。
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The inventors of the present invention have diligently studied improvement of the transformation rate in relation to the method of the invention of Japanese Patent Application No. 6-23050. As a result, the NAA concentration in the infection medium used for infection with Agrobacterium and the eradication medium used for sterilization was 0.1 to 100 times higher than that of the shoot primordium-inducing medium of the conventional method.
By increasing it to 2 to 2 mg / l, the transformation rate becomes 4
We have invented a method for obtaining stable and efficient transformed cells that doubles. Then, from the obtained transformed cells, the same transformed shoot primordia as in the above method (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-23050) could be induced, and transformed plants could be obtained more easily. .

【0009】本発明は、ユーカリ属植物の組織片を感染
培地中で液体静置培養又は固体培養してアグロバクテリ
ウム菌に感染させた後に、感染した組織片を抗生物質を
添加した除菌培地中で竪型回転培養することによって除
菌し、次に感染した組織片を抗生物質を添加した選抜培
地中で竪型回転培養することによって形質転換細胞集塊
を選抜し、選抜によって得られた細胞集塊をさらに光照
射下で竪型回転培養することによって形質転換された苗
条原基を作出し、得られた苗条原基を介して形質転換さ
れたユーカリ属植物を作出する方法において、感染培地
及び除菌培地に添加するナフタレン酢酸(NAA)の濃
度を0.2〜2mg/lとすることを特徴とする形質転
換されたユーカリ属植物の作出方法である。
According to the present invention, eucalyptus plant tissue pieces are infected with Agrobacterium by static culture or solid culture in an infection medium, and the infected tissue pieces are then sterilized with an antibiotic. The transformed cell clumps were selected by sterilizing the cells by vertical rotation culture in the medium, and then by incubating the infected tissue pieces in a vertical rotation culture in a selective medium supplemented with antibiotics. In the method of producing a transformed shoot primordium by further culturing the cell clump under vertical irradiation in the vertical direction, and producing a transformed Eucalyptus plant through the obtained shoot primordia, The method for producing a transformed Eucalyptus plant is characterized in that the concentration of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) added to the medium and the sterilization medium is 0.2 to 2 mg / l.

【0010】なお、形質転換されたユーカリ属植物を作
出する方法において、感染培地及び除菌培地に含有させ
るNAAの濃度を0.2〜2mg/lとする以外は、本
発明者らが先に発明した方法(特願平6−23050号
明細書)と同じである。以下、本発明の形質転換された
ユーカリ属植物の作出方法について詳しく説明する。
[0010] In the method for producing a transformed Eucalyptus plant, the present inventors have previously proposed that the concentration of NAA contained in the infection medium and the sterilization medium is 0.2 to 2 mg / l. It is the same as the method invented (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-23050). Hereinafter, the method for producing the transformed Eucalyptus plant of the present invention will be described in detail.

【0011】アグロバクテリウム菌を感染させるための
組織片の作出:本発明で用いる組織片は子葉又は胚軸
で、次の方法によって作出する。すなわち、形質転換す
ることを目的とするユーカリ属植物の種子を殺菌した
後、植物の組織培養培地、例えばB5培地あるいはMS
培地等の寒天培地上に置床して発芽させ、ピンセットと
ナイフを用いて無菌的に子葉又は胚軸を摘出する。
Production of Tissue Piece for Infecting Agrobacterium: The tissue piece used in the present invention is a cotyledon or hypocotyl and is produced by the following method. That is, after sterilizing seeds of a Eucalyptus plant to be transformed, a plant tissue culture medium such as B5 medium or MS is sterilized.
It is placed on an agar medium such as a medium for germination, and cotyledons or hypocotyls are aseptically removed using tweezers and a knife.

【0012】アグロバクテリウム菌の調整:アグロバク
テリウム菌は、そのTiプラスミドを無害化したもの、
あるいは無害化していない菌株を用意する。導入する遺
伝子は、植物細胞内で発現するように改良した後に、T
iプラスミドベクターあるいはバイナリーベクターに結
合し、アグロバクテリウム菌に形質転換して使用する
(M. D. Chilton et al. Proc.Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 7
7:4060-4064(1980)) 、(L. Herrera-Estrella et al.Na
ture 303:209-213(1983)) 。上記の方法で得たアグロバ
クテリウム菌を、ベクターの適正量の選抜抗生物質を添
加したL−液体培地(Miller Experiments inMolecular
Genetics (1972) 10g/l Bact-tryptone, 5g/l Bact-ye
ast extract,5g/l NaCl)にて、30℃、一晩でO.D.
600 が0.8以上まで培養する。
Preparation of Agrobacterium: Agrobacterium is a harmless version of its Ti plasmid,
Alternatively, prepare a strain that has not been rendered harmless. The gene to be introduced is modified to be expressed in plant cells, and then T
i plasmid vector or binary vector is ligated and transformed into Agrobacterium for use (MD Chilton et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 7
7: 4060-4064 (1980)), (L. Herrera-Estrella et al. Na
ture 303: 209-213 (1983)). The Agrobacterium obtained by the above method was added to an L-liquid medium (Miller Experiments in Molecular) supplemented with an appropriate amount of vector selection antibiotics.
Genetics (1972) 10g / l Bact-tryptone, 5g / l Bact-ye
ast extract, 5 g / l NaCl) at 30 ° C. overnight. D.
Incubate until 600 is over 0.8.

【0013】アグロバクテリウム菌の感染:子葉又は胚
軸の植物組織を、0.1%濃度の界面活性剤(Tween-2
0) で洗浄処理した後、ナイフで2〜10mmの大きさ
に切断し、アグロバクテリウム菌感染培地、例えばWP
M(Loyd & McCown Proc. Int. Plant Prop. Soc. 30:4
21-427(1980)) 、B5(Gamborg et al. Exp. Cell Re
s. 50:151-158(1968)) 、MS(Murashige & Skoog Phy
siol. Plant 15:473-497(1962))培地等に、植物ホルモ
ンであるサイトカイニン類として1−(2−クロル−4
−ピリジル)−3−フェニル尿素(4−PU)、ベンジ
ルアデニン(BA)あるいはカイネチン等を、またオー
キシン類として苗条原基誘導培地に比べ10〜100倍
高い0.2〜2mg/lの濃度のナフタレン酢酸(NA
A)、2,4−ジクロロフェノキシ酢酸(2,4−D)
あるいはインドール酢酸(IAA)等と、ショ糖、ガラ
クトース、アセトシリンゴン及びアグロバクテリウム菌
を添加した液体培地に植え付ける。さらに好ましくは、
植物組織片をアグロバクテリウム菌培養液に漬けた後
に、アグロバクテリウム菌以外を含有する固体培地に着
床する。これを20〜30℃の温度、遮光条件下で1〜
2日間静置培養し、アグロバクテリウム菌を感染させ
る。
Infection with Agrobacterium: Cotyledon or hypocotyl plant tissue was treated with a surfactant (Tween-2) at a concentration of 0.1%.
After washing with 0), it is cut with a knife to a size of 2 to 10 mm, and an Agrobacterium infection medium such as WP.
M (Loyd & McCown Proc. Int. Plant Prop. Soc. 30: 4
21-427 (1980)), B5 (Gamborg et al. Exp. Cell Re
s. 50: 151-158 (1968)), MS (Murashige & Skoog Phy
siol. Plant 15: 473-497 (1962)) in a medium such as 1- (2-chloro-4) as cytokinins which are plant hormones.
-Pyridyl) -3-phenylurea (4-PU), benzyladenine (BA), kinetin, etc., and as auxins at a concentration of 0.2 to 2 mg / l which is 10 to 100 times higher than that of the shoot primordium inducing medium. Naphthalene acetic acid (NA
A), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)
Alternatively, it is inoculated into a liquid medium containing indoleacetic acid (IAA) and the like, and sucrose, galactose, acetosyringone, and Agrobacterium. More preferably,
After immersing the plant tissue piece in an Agrobacterium culture solution, it is implanted in a solid medium containing other than Agrobacterium. 1 to this at a temperature of 20 to 30 ° C under light-shielding conditions.
Incubate for 2 days to infect Agrobacterium.

【0014】アグロバクテリウム菌の除菌:アグロバク
テリウム菌を感染させた植物組織片を除菌培地、例えば
WPM、B5、MS培地等に、植物ホルモンであるサイ
トカイニン類として4−PU、BAあるいはカイネチン
等を、またオーキシン類として苗条原基誘導培地に比べ
10〜100倍高い0.2〜2mg/l濃度のNAA、
2,4−DあるいはIAA等と、アグロバクテリウム菌
を殺菌するための抗生物質、例えばカルベニシリン、バ
ンコマイシン、クラフォラン等とショ糖を添加した液体
培地に植え付ける。これを25℃の温度、0〜2,00
0ルクスの照度下で3〜14日間竪型回転培養し、アグ
ロバクテリウム菌の除菌を行う。
Sterilization of Agrobacterium: A plant tissue piece infected with Agrobacterium is sterilized in a disinfection medium such as WPM, B5, MS medium or the like, and 4-PU, BA or as a cytokinin which is a plant hormone. NAA at a concentration of 0.2 to 2 mg / l, which is 10 to 100 times higher than that of shoot primordium inducing medium such as kinetin as auxins.
It is planted in a liquid medium containing 2,4-D or IAA, etc., and an antibiotic for sterilizing Agrobacterium, such as carbenicillin, vancomycin, claforan, etc. and sucrose. This is the temperature of 25 ℃, 0-2,000
Vertical rotation culture is carried out for 3 to 14 days under an illuminance of 0 lux to eradicate Agrobacterium.

【0015】形質転換された苗条原基の形成:アグロバ
クテリウム菌を完全に除菌した植物組織片を、基本培地
として、例えばWPM、B5、MS培地等に、植物ホル
モンであるサイトカイニン類として4−PU、BAある
いはカイネチン等を、またオーキシン類としてNAA、
2,4−DあるいはIAA等と、炭素源、さらに形質転
換された細胞集塊を選抜するために、目的導入遺伝子と
同時に導入される選抜遺伝子に対応する抗生物質を添加
した液体培地の中で竪型回転培養を行う。培養条件は1
〜10rpmの回転速度、最高2,000〜20,00
0ルクスの照度、20〜30℃の温度とする。14〜4
0日間隔で新鮮培地へ継代して培養を継続すると、形質
転換された細胞の選抜を始めてから1ヵ月程度で、植物
組織片中に黄白色の形質転換したカルス形成が認められ
る。得られたカルスを植物組織片からナイフによって切
り離し、さらに竪型回転培養を継続することによって、
光照射下で竪型回転培養をはじめてから40〜120日
で形質転換された苗条原基が得られる。
Formation of transformed shoot primordia: A plant tissue piece from which Agrobacterium was completely sterilized was used as a basal medium, for example, WPM, B5, MS medium, etc., as cytokinins which are plant hormones. -PU, BA, kinetin, etc., and NAA as auxins,
In a liquid medium containing 2,4-D or IAA, etc., a carbon source, and an antibiotic corresponding to the selection gene introduced at the same time as the target transgene in order to select the transformed cell clumps. Perform vertical rotary culture. Culture condition is 1
Rotation speed of -10 rpm, maximum 2,000 to 20,000
The illuminance is 0 lux and the temperature is 20 to 30 ° C. 14-4
When subcultured to a fresh medium at 0-day intervals and continued to be cultured, yellow-white transformed callus formation is observed in plant tissue pieces about one month after selection of transformed cells is started. By separating the obtained callus from a piece of plant tissue with a knife, and further continuing the vertical rotary culture,
Transformed shoot primordia are obtained 40 to 120 days after starting vertical rotary culture under light irradiation.

【0016】形質転換植物の再生:回転培養して得られ
た形質転換された苗条原基を、苗条を再生するための培
地、例えば、B5培地、MS培地等に植物ホルモン類と
して、例えばNAA、2,4−D、IAA等のオーキシ
ン類、BA、4−PU、カイネチン、ゼアチン、チジア
ズロン等のサイトカイニン類及び炭素源、さらに形質転
換された細胞集塊を選抜するための抗生物質を添加した
培地で培養する。培養は20〜30℃の温度、2,00
0〜3,000ルクスの照度で約60日間行って苗条を
再生させ、さらに、発根させて完全な形質転換植物を得
ることができる。
Regeneration of transformed plant: The transformed shoot primordium obtained by spin culturing was used as a plant hormone such as NAA in a medium for regenerating shoots, such as B5 medium and MS medium. Medium containing auxins such as 2,4-D and IAA, cytokinins such as BA, 4-PU, kinetin, zeatin and thidiazuron and carbon source, and antibiotics for selecting transformed cell clumps Culture at. The culture is carried out at a temperature of 20 to 30 ° C. and 2,000.
The shoots can be regenerated by performing the irradiation for about 60 days under an illuminance of 0 to 3,000 lux, and further rooted to obtain a completely transformed plant.

【0017】[0017]

【実施例】以下、実施例によって本発明をさらに詳しく
説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるもの
ではない。 実施例1 供試植物:ユーカリ属植物としてユーカリ・カマルドレ
ンシス(Eucalyptus camaldulensis) を使用した。
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Example 1 Test plant: Eucalyptus camaldulensis was used as a Eucalyptus plant.

【0018】子葉又は胚軸の作出:ユーカリ・カマルド
レンシスの種子を、10倍に希釈したアンチホルミンで
1時間殺菌し、さらに、無菌的に70%の濃度のエタノ
ールに15秒間、及び5倍に希釈したアンチホルミンに
20分間浸漬して殺菌した。これを植物の組織培養培地
であるB5寒天培地上で無菌的に発芽させた。発芽した
植物から子葉又は胚軸をピンセットとナイフを用いて無
菌的に摘出し実験材料とした。
Production of cotyledons or hypocotyls: Eucalyptus camaldrensis seeds were sterilized with 10 times diluted antiformin for 1 hour, and aseptically added to 70% ethanol for 15 seconds and 5 times. It was sterilized by immersing it in antiformin diluted to 20 minutes. This was germination germinated on B5 agar medium, which is a plant tissue culture medium. From the germinated plant, cotyledons or hypocotyls were aseptically removed using tweezers and a knife, and used as experimental materials.

【0019】アグロバクテリウム菌の調整:アグロバク
テリウム菌は、そのTiプラスミドを無害化したLBA
4404株(M. W. Bevan et al. Nucleic Acids Res.
12:8711-8721(1984)) を使用した。導入遺伝子としては
いかなる遺伝子であろうとも、そのプロモーターを植物
用のプロモーターに置換することによって発現させ得
る。ここでは、市販品として入手可能なβ−グルクロニ
ダーゼ(GUS)遺伝子をバイナリーベクターpBI1
21に結合し、アグロバクテリウム菌に形質転換して使
用した(R. A. Jefferson et al. EMBO J. 6:3901-3907
(1987)) 。上記のβ−グルクロニダーゼ(GUS)遺伝
子を保有するアグロバクテリウム菌LBA4404/p
BI121を、抗生物質であるカナマイシンを100μ
g/mlの濃度で含有するL−液体培地にて、30℃で
一晩培養した。
Preparation of Agrobacterium: Agrobacterium is an LBA obtained by detoxifying its Ti plasmid.
4404 strain (MW Bevan et al. Nucleic Acids Res.
12: 8711-8721 (1984)). Any gene as a transgene can be expressed by replacing the promoter with a plant promoter. Here, the commercially available β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene is used as the binary vector pBI1.
21 and transformed into Agrobacterium for use (RA Jefferson et al. EMBO J. 6: 3901-3907.
(1987)). Agrobacterium LBA4404 / p carrying the above β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene
BI121 is 100 μl of antibiotic kanamycin
The cells were cultured overnight at 30 ° C. in an L-liquid medium containing g / ml.

【0020】アグロバクテリウム菌のユーカリ属植物組
織への感染:B5基本培地に3%のショ糖を加え、植物
ホルモンとして2mg/l NAAと0.2mg/l
4−PUを、さらに1mMガラクトースと1μMアセト
シリンゴンを添加し、さらに1%の濃度になるように前
記の方法で調整したアグロバクテリウム菌LBA440
4/pBI121の培養液を添加した感染培地を作製し
た。この培地に、ユーカリ属植物の子葉、胚軸の各組織
片を0.1%の界面活性剤(Tween-20)で洗浄処理した
後、ナイフで2〜10mmの大きさに切断して移植し、
26℃の温度、遮光条件下で2日間静置培養して、アグ
ロバクテリウム菌を感染させた。
Infection of Eucalyptus plant tissue with Agrobacterium: 3% sucrose was added to B5 basal medium to obtain 2 mg / l NAA and 0.2 mg / l as plant hormones.
Agrobacterium LBA440 prepared by adding 1 mM galactose and 1 μM acetosyringone to 4-PU and adjusting the concentration to 1% by the above method.
An infection medium to which a culture solution of 4 / pBI121 was added was prepared. Eucalyptus plant cotyledons and hypocotyl tissue pieces were washed in this medium with 0.1% surfactant (Tween-20), cut into a size of 2 to 10 mm with a knife, and transplanted. ,
The cells were statically cultured for 2 days at a temperature of 26 ° C. under light-shielding conditions to infect Agrobacterium.

【0021】アグロバクテリウム菌の除菌:アグロバク
テリウム菌を感染させた子葉及び胚軸より、アグロバク
テリウム菌を除くために、B5基本培地に3%のショ糖
を加え、植物ホルモンとして2mg/l NAAと0.
2mg/l 4−PUを、さらにアグロバクテリウム菌
を殺菌するための抗生物質として、250μg/mlカ
ルベニシリン、100μg/mlバンコマイシンを添加
した除菌培地に移植した。これを25℃の温度、遮光条
件下、2rpmの回転速度で7日間竪型回転培養して、
アグロバクテリウム菌の除菌を行った。
Sterilization of Agrobacterium: To remove Agrobacterium from cotyledons and hypocotyls infected with Agrobacterium, 3% sucrose was added to B5 basal medium to give 2 mg of a plant hormone. / L NAA and 0.
2 mg / l 4-PU was further transplanted to a sterilized medium supplemented with 250 μg / ml carbenicillin and 100 μg / ml vancomycin as an antibiotic for sterilizing Agrobacterium. This was subjected to vertical rotary culture for 7 days at a temperature of 25 ° C. and under a light-shielding condition at a rotation speed of 2 rpm,
Agrobacterium was eradicated.

【0022】形質転換された苗条原基の形成:アグロバ
クテリウム菌を完全に除菌した子葉及び胚軸を、B5基
本培地に0.02mg/l NAA、0.2mg/l
4−PU、3%ショ糖、及び抗生物質であるジェネチィ
シン(G418)を30μg/mlで添加した液体培地
に、1本の試験管に対し3片の割合で植え付けた。25
℃の温度、遮光条件下7日間、さらに下辺が2,000
ルクス上辺が20,000ルクスの光照射下、2rpm
の回転速度で1ヵ月竪型回転培養することによって、組
織片中に黄白色で2〜3mmの形質転換したカルスの形
成が認められた。得られたカルスを14〜40日間隔で
新鮮培地へ継代して培養を継続した。結果、光照射下で
竪型回転培養をはじめてから40〜120日で形質転換
された苗条原基が得られた。
Formation of transformed shoot primordia: Cotyledons and hypocotyls from which Agrobacterium was completely eradicated were added to B5 basal medium with 0.02 mg / l NAA and 0.2 mg / l.
4-PU, 3% sucrose, and the antibiotic Geneticin (G418) were added to a liquid medium added at 30 μg / ml at a ratio of 3 pieces per one test tube. 25
℃ temperature, shaded for 7 days, 2,000 on the lower side
The upper side of lux is 2 rpm under the light irradiation of 20,000 lux.
After 1 month of vertical rotation culture at a rotation speed of 1, the formation of yellow-white 2-3 mm transformed callus was observed in the tissue pieces. The obtained callus was subcultured to a fresh medium at intervals of 14 to 40 days, and the culture was continued. As a result, transformed shoot primordia were obtained 40 to 120 days after the start of vertical rotary culture under light irradiation.

【0023】形質転換植物の再生:回転培養して得られ
た形質転換された苗条原基より、形質転換された苗条を
再生させるためにB5培地に0.02mg/l NA
A、0.2mg/l BA、1%ショ糖、0.2%ゲラ
ンガム(和光純薬)及び30μg/ml G418を添
加した固体培地に5mm程度の大きさに調整した苗条原
基を移植した。そして、25℃の温度、照度4000ル
クス、16時間光照射下で培養した結果、移植後1ヵ月
後には苗条の再生が認められた。得られた苗条はB5培
地に0.01mg/l NAA、1%ショ糖、0.15
%ゲランガム及び30μg/ml G418を添加した
発根培地に移植することによって、1ヵ月後には発根が
認められ完全な植物体となった。すなわち、本方法の場
合、植物組織片への感染から形質転換植物の作出まで5
〜12ヵ月を要した。
Regeneration of transformed plant: 0.02 mg / l NA in B5 medium to regenerate transformed shoots from transformed shoot primordia obtained by spin culture.
A shoot primordia adjusted to a size of about 5 mm was transplanted to a solid medium containing A, 0.2 mg / l BA, 1% sucrose, 0.2% gellan gum (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and 30 μg / ml G418. Then, as a result of culturing at a temperature of 25 ° C., an illuminance of 4000 lux for 16 hours under light irradiation, regeneration of shoots was recognized one month after transplantation. The obtained shoots were added to B5 medium in an amount of 0.01 mg / l NAA, 1% sucrose, 0.15.
When transplanted to a rooting medium supplemented with% gellan gum and 30 μg / ml G418, rooting was recognized after 1 month and a complete plant was obtained. That is, in the case of this method, from the infection of plant tissue pieces to the production of transformed plants, 5
It took ~ 12 months.

【0024】形質転換植物における導入遺伝子の存在確
認:抗生物質による選抜によって得られた複数個体につ
いて、サザンハイブリダイゼーション法及びPCR法を
用いて導入遺伝子の存在を確認したところ、全個体にお
いて遺伝子が導入されていることが確認された。このこ
とより本方法によるユーカリ属植物の形質転換が有効で
あることが証明された。
Confirmation of the presence of the transgene in the transformed plant: The presence of the transgene was confirmed by Southern hybridization and PCR in a plurality of individuals obtained by selection with antibiotics. It was confirmed that it was done. From this, it was proved that the transformation of Eucalyptus plants by this method was effective.

【0025】形質転換植物における導入遺伝子の発現確
認:サザンハイブリダイゼーション法及びPCR法によ
って導入遺伝子の存在を確認された個体について、GU
S遺伝子の発現を組織染色(S. Kosugi et al. Plant S
cience 70:133-140(1990))によって調べたところ、葉の
周囲、根端及び根毛において強いGUS遺伝子の発現が
確認された。
Confirmation of transgene expression in transformed plants: GU was confirmed for individuals whose presence of the transgene was confirmed by Southern hybridization and PCR.
The expression of the S gene was determined by tissue staining (S. Kosugi et al. Plant S
cience 70: 133-140 (1990)), strong GUS gene expression was confirmed around the leaves, root tips and root hairs.

【0026】実施例2 ユーカリ・カマルドレンシスの胚軸断片を材料にして、
感染培地及び除菌培地の最適NAA濃度について検討し
た。実施例1と同様に感染培地においてNAAの濃度だ
けを種々に変化させたアグロバクテリウム菌を感染させ
た後、さらに実施例1と同様の除菌培地においてNAA
の濃度だけを種々に変化させて除菌した後、実施例1と
同様の方法によって形質転換カルスの作出を行った。こ
のようにして、感染培地及び除菌培地におけるNAAの
濃度が形質転換率に与える影響を比較した。なお形質転
換の有無は、組織染色によって確認した。その結果、表
1に示したように感染及び除菌においてNAAの濃度を
0.2及び2mg/lにした時の形質転換率がともに3
0%で最も高かった。
Example 2 Using a hypocotyl fragment of Eucalyptus camaldrensis as a material,
The optimum NAA concentrations in the infection medium and the sterilization medium were examined. Infection medium was infected with Agrobacterium having variously changed concentrations of NAA in the same manner as in Example 1, and then NAA was further treated in the same eradication medium as in Example 1.
After variously changing the concentration of the above to eradicate the bacteria, transformed callus was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. In this way, the effect of the NAA concentration in the infection medium and the sterilization medium on the transformation rate was compared. The presence or absence of transformation was confirmed by tissue staining. As a result, as shown in Table 1, when the NAA concentrations were 0.2 and 2 mg / l in infection and sterilization, the transformation rates were both 3.
It was the highest at 0%.

【0027】[0027]

【表1】 形質転換率=(GUS発現カルス数/検体数)×100(%)[Table 1] Transformation rate = (number of GUS-expressing callus / number of samples) × 100 (%)

【0028】実施例3 ユーカリ・カマルドレンシスの胚軸片を材料に、実施例
1に従ってアグロバクテリウム菌による形質転換実験を
行い、感染、除菌及び選抜の各操作におけるNAAの濃
度について検討した。なおNAAの濃度は0.02及び
2mg/lを用いた。その結果、表2に示したように感
染及び除菌操作に用いる培地のNAAの濃度を2mg/
lとし、選抜操作に用いる培地のNAA濃度を0.02
mg/lとして形質転換コロニーを作出することによっ
て形質転換率を41%と最も高くすることが出来た。
Example 3 Using Eucalyptus camaldrensis hypocotyl pieces as a material, a transformation experiment with Agrobacterium was carried out according to Example 1 to examine the concentration of NAA in each of infection, eradication and selection operations. . NAA concentrations of 0.02 and 2 mg / l were used. As a result, as shown in Table 2, the concentration of NAA in the medium used for infection and sterilization was 2 mg /
The NAA concentration of the medium used for the selection operation is 0.02.
By producing transformed colonies with mg / l, the transformation rate could be as high as 41%.

【0029】[0029]

【表2】 基本培地:B5、3%ショ糖 ○:0.02mg/l NAA ●: 2mg/l NAA 形質転換率=(GUS発現カルス数/検体数)×100(%)[Table 2] Basic medium: B5, 3% sucrose ○: 0.02 mg / l NAA ●: 2 mg / l NAA Transformation rate = (number of GUS-expressing callus / number of samples) × 100 (%)

【0030】[0030]

【発明の効果】本発明によって、これまで形質転換植物
の作出が困難であったユーカリ属植物においても、効率
よく安定的にしかも短期間に形質転換植物の作出が可能
となった。さらに、有用遺伝子導入によって、ユーカリ
属植物の優良新品種を作出し、その新品種を、形質転換
過程で得られる苗条原基を用いことによって、短期間に
しかもより安価に有用遺伝形質をもつ苗木として供給す
ることが可能となった。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it has become possible to efficiently and stably produce a transformed plant even in a plant of the genus Eucalyptus, which has been difficult to produce a transformed plant. Furthermore, by introducing a useful gene, an excellent new cultivar of Eucalyptus was produced, and by using the shoot primordia obtained in the transformation process, a new seedling having a useful genetic trait in a short period of time and at a low cost. Can be supplied as.

フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 FI 技術表示箇所 C12N 15/09 (72)発明者 藤巻 真由美 三重県亀山市能褒野町24−9 新王子製紙 株式会社林木育種研究所亀山研究室内 (72)発明者 柴田 勝 三重県亀山市能褒野町24−9 新王子製紙 株式会社林木育種研究所亀山研究室内Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification number Internal reference number FI Technical indication C12N 15/09 (72) Inventor Mayumi Fujimaki 24-9 Nozono-cho, Kameyama-shi, Mie Shinoji Paper Co., Ltd. Breeding Research Institute Kameyama Laboratory (72) Inventor Katsu Shibata 24-9 Nozono-cho, Kameyama City, Mie Prefecture Shinji Paper Co., Ltd. Forest Tree Breeding Research Institute Kameyama Laboratory

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 ユーカリ属植物の組織片を感染培地中で
液体静置培養又は固体培養してアグロバクテリウム菌に
感染させた後に、感染した組織片を抗生物質を添加した
除菌培地中で竪型回転培養することによって除菌し、次
に感染した組織片を抗生物質を添加した選抜培地中で竪
型回転培養することによって形質転換細胞集塊を選抜
し、選抜によって得られた細胞集塊をさらに光照射下で
竪型回転培養することによって形質転換された苗条原基
を作出し、得られた苗条原基を介して形質転換されたユ
ーカリ属植物を作出する方法において、感染培地及び除
菌培地に添加するナフタレン酢酸の濃度が0.2〜2m
g/lであることを特徴とする形質転換されたユーカリ
属植物の作出方法。
1. A tissue piece of a eucalyptus plant is subjected to liquid static culture or solid culture in an infection medium to infect Agrobacterium, and then the infected tissue piece is placed in a sterilized medium to which an antibiotic is added. The cultivated cells were sterilized by vertical rotation culture, and the infected tissue pieces were then subjected to vertical rotation culture in a selective medium containing antibiotics to select transformed cell clumps. In the method for producing a transformed shoot primordium by further culturing the lump under vertical irradiation under light irradiation, and producing a Eucalyptus plant transformed through the obtained shoot primordium, an infection medium and The concentration of naphthalene acetic acid added to the disinfection medium is 0.2-2m
A method for producing a transformed Eucalyptus plant characterized by being g / l.
JP25276594A 1994-09-22 1994-09-22 Method for producing transformed Eucalyptus plant Expired - Fee Related JP3565284B2 (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997025434A1 (en) * 1996-01-13 1997-07-17 Advanced Technologies (Cambridge) Limited Genetic transformation of trees
WO1997023126A3 (en) * 1995-12-22 1997-08-07 Shell Int Research Process for propagation and/or selection of plant material
WO1998056932A1 (en) * 1997-06-13 1998-12-17 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Genetic modification of plant material
EP1050209A3 (en) * 1999-05-07 2002-02-06 Oji Paper Company Limited Process for transformation of mature trees of eucalyptus plants
JP2002281851A (en) * 2001-03-29 2002-10-02 Oji Paper Co Ltd Method for redifferentiation from callus of woody plant

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997023126A3 (en) * 1995-12-22 1997-08-07 Shell Int Research Process for propagation and/or selection of plant material
WO1997025434A1 (en) * 1996-01-13 1997-07-17 Advanced Technologies (Cambridge) Limited Genetic transformation of trees
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