JPH0863003A - Image forming device - Google Patents

Image forming device

Info

Publication number
JPH0863003A
JPH0863003A JP6202195A JP20219594A JPH0863003A JP H0863003 A JPH0863003 A JP H0863003A JP 6202195 A JP6202195 A JP 6202195A JP 20219594 A JP20219594 A JP 20219594A JP H0863003 A JPH0863003 A JP H0863003A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
toner
transfer
intermediate transfer
image
paper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP6202195A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3386244B2 (en
Inventor
Toshiaki Motohashi
俊昭 本橋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ricoh Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Ricoh Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ricoh Co Ltd filed Critical Ricoh Co Ltd
Priority to JP20219594A priority Critical patent/JP3386244B2/en
Publication of JPH0863003A publication Critical patent/JPH0863003A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3386244B2 publication Critical patent/JP3386244B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
  • Control Or Security For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Color Electrophotography (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve an unstable toner holding state, to prevent toner from being scattered toward a transfer paper, to make electrical contact force among the toner strong and to prevent the toner from being peeled in the intermediate part of a toner layer by electrostatically charging the toner on an intermediate transfer belt before it is transferred on the transfer paper. CONSTITUTION: This device is provided with a pretransfer charger 50 consisting of a corona electric discharger as a means for electrostatically charging the toner on the intermediate transfer belt 19 before the transfer paper 211 enters a transfer bias roller 23-1. The electric discharge of a toner image formed on the belt 19 is executed by the charger 50 and the toner is electrostatically charged further. Then, the electrical contact force among the toner is made strong. Thus, since the electrical contact force among the toner is made strong even in the case that flocculation is caused among the toner because a bias whose polarity is reverse to the toner is impressed and the paper 26 is pressured by the roller 23-1 when a transfer action is executed on the paper 24, middle omission of a character part is not caused at a character part.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、複写機、プリンター、
ファクシミリ等の電子写真方式を用いた画像形成装置に
関し、詳しくは、中間転写体を備え、多色画像形成を可
能とした画像形成装置に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a copying machine, a printer,
The present invention relates to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus such as a facsimile, and more particularly to an image forming apparatus including an intermediate transfer member and capable of forming a multicolor image.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】近年、カラー複写機、カラープリンター
等、多色画像形成を可能とした電子写真方式の画像形成
装置が開発されており、例えば、感光体等の潜像担持体
上に各色毎のトナー像を形成し、その各色毎のトナー像
を中間転写体に順次重ね合わせて転写して多色画像を形
成した後、その多色画像を転写紙に転写し、定着して画
像形成を行なう中間転写方式の画像形成装置がよく知ら
れている(特開平2−50170号公報等)。この従来
の中間転写方式においては、ベルト状の中間転写体(以
下中間転写ベルトと記す)に転写されたトナー像を転写
ローラ等によって電圧印加して転写紙へ転写するもので
ある。
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, electrophotographic image forming apparatuses capable of forming multicolor images such as color copying machines and color printers have been developed. For example, each color is formed on a latent image carrier such as a photoconductor. Toner image of each color is formed, and the toner images of the respective colors are sequentially superimposed and transferred onto the intermediate transfer member to form a multicolor image, and then the multicolor image is transferred to transfer paper and fixed to form an image. An image forming apparatus of an intermediate transfer system is well known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-50170). In this conventional intermediate transfer system, a toner image transferred to a belt-shaped intermediate transfer member (hereinafter referred to as an intermediate transfer belt) is applied with a voltage by a transfer roller or the like and transferred to a transfer paper.

【0003】しかし、上記方式では、転写紙への転写時
において、転写ローラを中間転写ベルト側へ加圧させる
ために、転写されたトナー像は、文字や細線部の内側が
転写されずに白く抜ける現象、所謂”文字部中抜け”現
象が発生する。この現象は、中間転写ベルトと転写紙間
の接触圧力が高い場合にトナー間凝集が起こるためであ
る。その対策として、転写時の接触圧力を下げることが
考えられるが、このために転写ローラをソフト化するこ
とが行なわれている。しかし、低い接触圧では、転写紙
との密着不良による転写不良が発生するという問題があ
る。従って、転写ローラの加圧力には上・下限に制約が
あり、両特性を満足する範囲は狭く、最適化を図るのは
難しい。
However, in the above method, since the transfer roller is pressed to the side of the intermediate transfer belt at the time of transfer onto the transfer paper, the transferred toner image is white without the inside of characters and fine line portions being transferred. A phenomenon of falling out, a so-called "character portion missing" phenomenon occurs. This phenomenon is because inter-toner aggregation occurs when the contact pressure between the intermediate transfer belt and the transfer paper is high. As a countermeasure, it is conceivable to lower the contact pressure at the time of transfer, but for this purpose, the transfer roller is softened. However, at a low contact pressure, there is a problem that a transfer failure occurs due to poor contact with the transfer paper. Therefore, the pressing force of the transfer roller has upper and lower limits, and the range that satisfies both characteristics is narrow, and it is difficult to optimize it.

【0004】また、従来中間転写ベルトは単位面積当り
の表面抵抗が107〜1010Ω程度の中抵抗体あり、そ
の中間転写ベルト上のトナー像が保持している電荷(保
有電荷量)は低く非常に不安定であった(トナーに対す
る拘束力が弱い)。そのために、転写紙への転写の際に
直前でトナーが転写紙へ飛び散ってしまったり、上述し
たように、紙転写時の転写ローラの加圧によって、中間
転写ベルト上の電荷の低い不安定なトナー像は凝集し
て、転写紙の分離直後にトナーが剥がれてしまうという
問題があった。
Further, the conventional intermediate transfer belt is a medium resistance member having a surface resistance per unit area of about 10 7 to 10 10 Ω, and the electric charge (amount of electric charge) held by the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt is Low and very unstable (weak binding force to toner). For this reason, toner is scattered on the transfer sheet immediately before the transfer onto the transfer sheet, or as described above, due to the pressure of the transfer roller during the transfer of the sheet, the charge on the intermediate transfer belt is low and unstable. There is a problem that the toner image is aggregated and the toner is peeled off immediately after the transfer paper is separated.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記事情に鑑
みなされたものであって、中間転写体を備えた画像形成
装置において、中間転写体上のトナーの保有電荷量をア
ップさせることにより、上記のような不安定なトナー保
持状態を改善して転写紙へのトナー飛び散りを防ぐだけ
でなく、トナー間の電気的密着力を強くさせ、トナー層
(特に多層(多色)時)の中間でトナーが剥がれること
を防ぎ、前述のように転写ローラの接触圧を下げること
なく”文字部中抜け”現象を解消させることを目的とし
ている。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in an image forming apparatus equipped with an intermediate transfer member, by increasing the amount of charge held by the toner on the intermediate transfer member, In addition to improving the unstable toner holding state as described above and preventing toner scattering on the transfer paper, it also strengthens the electrical adhesion between the toners, and the intermediate toner layer (especially when multi-layer (multicolor)) The purpose is to prevent the toner from peeling off and to eliminate the "blank part in the character portion" phenomenon without lowering the contact pressure of the transfer roller as described above.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、請求項1の発明は、潜像担持体と、その表面に形成
された静電潜像にトナーを供給して該潜像を顕像化する
現像手段と、前記潜像担持体に対して接離可能な状態で
配置され潜像担持体上のトナーが転写される中間転写体
を備え、前記中間転写体のトナーを転写紙へ電気的に転
写させる画像形成装置において、転写紙に転写する以前
に前記中間転写体上のトナーを帯電させるトナー帯電手
段を設けたことを特徴としている。
To achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 supplies toner to the latent image carrier and the electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the latent image carrier to develop the latent image. The image forming device includes an developing unit and an intermediate transfer member that is placed in a state in which the latent image carrier can be brought into contact with and separated from the latent image carrier, and the toner on the latent image carrier is transferred to the transfer paper. An image forming apparatus for electrically transferring is characterized in that a toner charging unit for charging the toner on the intermediate transfer body is provided before transferring the image onto a transfer sheet.

【0007】請求項2の発明は、前記トナー帯電手段
が、直流高圧を印加するコロナ放電器であることを特徴
としている。
The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that the toner charging means is a corona discharger for applying a DC high voltage.

【0008】請求項3の発明は、前記トナー帯電手段
が、交流高圧に直流高圧を重畳して印加するコロナ放電
器であることを特徴としている。
The invention of claim 3 is characterized in that the toner charging means is a corona discharger for superimposing and applying a DC high voltage on an AC high voltage.

【0009】請求項4の発明は、前記トナー帯電手段
が、開口部にグリッドを備えており、該グリッドにトナ
ーと同極性の直流バイアスを印加するコロナ放電器であ
ることを特徴としている。
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the toner charging means is a corona discharger having a grid in the opening and applying a DC bias of the same polarity as the toner to the grid.

【0010】請求項5の発明は、前記中間転写体上に各
色トナー像を順次重ね合わせる多色時において、前記コ
ロナ放電器の放電タイミングを紙転写直前に一括に放電
するように制御したことを特徴としている。
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the multicolor mode in which the toner images of the respective colors are sequentially superposed on the intermediate transfer member, the discharge timing of the corona discharger is controlled to be discharged at once just before the transfer of the paper. It has a feature.

【0011】請求項6の発明は、前記中間転写体上に各
色トナー像を順次重ね合わせる多色時において、前記コ
ロナ放電器の放電タイミングを各色毎に順次放電するよ
うに制御したことを特徴としている。
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, when the toner images of respective colors are sequentially superposed on the intermediate transfer member, the discharge timing of the corona discharger is controlled so as to sequentially discharge each color. There is.

【0012】請求項7の発明は、前記中間転写体上に各
色トナー像を順次重ね合わせる多色時において、前記コ
ロナ放電器の放電タイミングを各色毎に順次放電するよ
うに制御し、且つその放電電圧(あるいは電流)を順次
ステップアップするように制御したことを特徴としてい
る。
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the multicolor mode in which toner images of respective colors are sequentially superposed on the intermediate transfer member, the discharge timing of the corona discharger is controlled so as to sequentially discharge each color, and the discharge is performed. The feature is that the voltage (or current) is controlled so as to be stepped up sequentially.

【0013】請求項8の発明は、前記コロナ放電器の放
電中において、中間転写体の周速度を通常作動時よりも
遅くなるように制御したことを特徴としている。
The invention of claim 8 is characterized in that during discharge of the corona discharger, the peripheral speed of the intermediate transfer member is controlled to be slower than in normal operation.

【0014】請求項9の発明は、前記中間転写体上のト
ナーの電荷量を15[−μC/g]以上40[−μC/
g]以下の範囲内としたことを特徴としている。
According to a ninth aspect of the invention, the charge amount of the toner on the intermediate transfer member is 15 [-μC / g] or more and 40 [-μC / g].
g] It is characterized in that it is within the following range.

【0015】[0015]

【作用】従来の中間転写方式の画像形成装置では、中間
転写体上に形成されたトナー像は電荷量が低く、転写紙
への転写の際にトナーの飛び散りや文字部中抜けが発生
し、異常画像が発生するといった問題があったが、本発
明の画像形成装置においては、中間転写体上のトナー像
を転写紙に転写する以前にその中間転写体上のトナーを
帯電させるトナー帯電手段を設けたことにより、中間転
写体上のトナーの保有電荷量をアップさせることがで
き、これにより、上記のような不安定なトナー保持状態
を改善して転写紙へのトナー飛び散りを防ぐだけでな
く、トナー間の電気的密着力を強くさせることができ、
トナー層(特に多層(多色)時)の中間でトナーが剥が
れることを防ぎ、文字部中抜け現象を解消させることが
できる。
In the conventional image forming apparatus of the intermediate transfer system, the toner image formed on the intermediate transfer member has a low charge amount, and when the toner image is transferred onto the transfer paper, the toner is scattered and the character portion is missing. Although there is a problem that an abnormal image is generated, in the image forming apparatus of the present invention, a toner charging unit for charging the toner on the intermediate transfer body before transferring the toner image on the intermediate transfer body to the transfer paper is provided. By providing the toner, it is possible to increase the amount of charge held by the toner on the intermediate transfer member, which not only improves the unstable toner holding state as described above and prevents toner scattering on the transfer paper. , The electrical adhesion between the toner can be increased,
It is possible to prevent the toner from peeling off in the middle of the toner layer (especially in the case of a multi-layer (multi-color)), and it is possible to eliminate the phenomenon that the character portion is missing.

【0016】請求項2〜4の発明では、トナー帯電手段
としてコロナ放電器を用い、紙転写前チャージャーとす
ることにより、簡単、軽量で効率良く中間転写体上のト
ナーの電荷量を高くし、トナー間の電気的密着力をアッ
プさせることが可能となる。
According to the present invention, the corona discharger is used as the toner charging means, and the pre-paper transfer charger is used, so that the charge amount of the toner on the intermediate transfer member can be increased easily, lightweight and efficiently. It is possible to increase the electric adhesion between the toners.

【0017】請求項5〜7の発明は、コロナ放電器によ
る放電のタイミングを制御するものであり、電荷量分布
ムラの軽減等を図ることができる。
According to the invention of claims 5 to 7, the timing of the discharge by the corona discharger is controlled, and it is possible to reduce the unevenness of the charge amount distribution.

【0018】請求項8の発明は、コロナ放電器の放電中
において、中間転写体の周速度を通常作動時よりも遅く
なるように制御しているため、中間転写体上のトナーに
充分に電荷を付与することが可能となる。
In the eighth aspect of the present invention, during discharge of the corona discharger, the peripheral speed of the intermediate transfer member is controlled to be slower than that during normal operation, so that the toner on the intermediate transfer member is sufficiently charged. Can be given.

【0019】請求項9の発明は、中間転写体上のトナー
の電荷量の範囲を規定し、良好な画像を得られるように
したものである。
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the range of the charge amount of the toner on the intermediate transfer member is regulated so that a good image can be obtained.

【0020】[0020]

【実施例】以下、本発明を図示の実施例に基づいて詳細
に説明する。図1は本発明に係わるカラー複写装置の概
略構成図、図2は図1に示すカラー複写装置の感光体及
び中間転写ベルト周りの拡大図である。以下、本装置の
構成・動作を説明する。図1,2において、カラー画像
読み取り装置(以下、カラースキャナーと称す)1は、
原稿3の画像を照明ランプ4、ミラー群5、及びレンズ
6を介してカラーセンサー7に結像して、原稿のカラー
画像情報を、例えばBlue(B),Green(G),Red
(R)の色分解毎に読み取り、電気的な画像信号に変換
する。カラーセンサー7は、この例ではB,G,Rの色
分解手段とCCDのような光電変換素子で構成されてお
り、3色同時読み取りを行なう。そして、このカラース
キャナー1で得たB,G,Rの色分解画像信号強度レベ
ルをもとにして、画像処理部(図示せず)で色変換処理
を行ない、Black(以下、Bkと記す),Cyan(同、
C),Magenta(同、M),Yellow(同、Y)のカラ
ー画像データを得る。これを、次に述べるカラー画像記
録装置(以下、カラープリンターと称す)2によって、
Bk,C,M,Yの顕像化を行ない、最終的なカラーコ
ピーとする。
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a color copying apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view around a photoconductor and an intermediate transfer belt of the color copying apparatus shown in FIG. The configuration and operation of this device will be described below. 1 and 2, a color image reading device (hereinafter referred to as a color scanner) 1 is
The image of the original 3 is formed on the color sensor 7 through the illumination lamp 4, the mirror group 5, and the lens 6, and the color image information of the original is displayed, for example, on Blue (B), Green (G), and Red.
(R) is read for each color separation and converted into an electrical image signal. In this example, the color sensor 7 is composed of B, G, and R color separation means and a photoelectric conversion element such as a CCD, and simultaneously reads three colors. Then, on the basis of the B, G, and R color-separated image signal intensity levels obtained by the color scanner 1, color conversion processing is performed by an image processing unit (not shown), and Black (hereinafter referred to as Bk). , Cyan (same as
Color image data of C), Magenta (same as M) and Yellow (same as Y) are obtained. This is performed by a color image recording device (hereinafter referred to as a color printer) 2 described below.
Bk, C, M, and Y are visualized to obtain a final color copy.

【0021】尚、Bk,C,M,Yの画像データを得る
ためのカラースキャナー1の動作方式は、カラープリン
ター2の動作とタイミングを取ったスキャナースタート
信号を受けて、図1において、照明及びミラー光学系が
図中の左矢印方向へ原稿走査し、1回走査毎に1色の画
像データを得る。この動作を合計4回繰り返すことによ
って、順次4色の画像データを得る。そして、その都度
カラープリンター2で順次顕像化しつつ、これを重ね合
わせて4色フルカラー画像を形成する。
The operation method of the color scanner 1 for obtaining the image data of Bk, C, M, and Y is as shown in FIG. The mirror optical system scans the document in the direction of the left arrow in the drawing to obtain image data of one color for each scanning. By repeating this operation four times in total, image data of four colors are sequentially obtained. Then, each time, the image is sequentially visualized by the color printer 2, and the images are superposed to form a four-color full-color image.

【0022】次に、カラープリンター2の概要を説明す
る。書き込み光学ユニット8は、カラースキャナー1か
らのカラー画像データを光信号に変換して、原稿画像に
対応した光書き込みを行ない、感光体ドラム9に静電潜
像を形成する。この書き込み光学ユニット8は、レーザ
ー8-1とその発光駆動制御部(図示せず)、ポリゴンミ
ラー8-2とその回転用モータ8-3、f/θレンズ8-4や
反射ミラー8-5等で構成されている。感光体ドラム9
は、矢印の如く反時計方向に回転するが、その周りに
は、感光体クリーニングユニット(クリーニング前除電
器10-1を含む)10、除電ランプ11、帯電器12、
電位センサー13、Bk現像器14、C現像器15、M
現像器16、Y現像器17、現像濃度パターン検知器1
8、中間転写ベルト19などが配置されている。各現像
器14〜17は、静電潜像を現像するために現像剤の穂
を感光体9の表面に接触させて回転する現像スリーブ1
4-1,15-1,16-1,17-1と、現像剤を汲み上げ・
撹拌するために回転する現像パドル14-2,15-2,1
6-2,17-2、及び現像剤のトナー濃度検知センサー1
4-3,15-3,16-3,17-3などで構成されている。
Next, the outline of the color printer 2 will be described. The writing optical unit 8 converts the color image data from the color scanner 1 into an optical signal, performs optical writing corresponding to the original image, and forms an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 9. The writing optical unit 8 includes a laser 8-1 and its light emission drive control section (not shown), a polygon mirror 8-2 and its rotation motor 8-3, an f / θ lens 8-4 and a reflection mirror 8-5. Etc. Photoconductor drum 9
Rotates counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow, but around it, the photoconductor cleaning unit (including the pre-cleaning charge eliminator 10-1) 10, the charge erasing lamp 11, the charger 12,
Potential sensor 13, Bk developing device 14, C developing device 15, M
Developing device 16, Y developing device 17, developing density pattern detector 1
8, an intermediate transfer belt 19 and the like are arranged. Each of the developing devices 14 to 17 has a developing sleeve 1 that rotates by bringing a brush of the developer into contact with the surface of the photoconductor 9 to develop the electrostatic latent image.
4-1, 15-1, 16-1, 17-1 and pumping up the developer
Developing paddles 14-2, 15-2, 1 rotating to stir
6-2, 17-2, and toner concentration detection sensor 1 for developer
4-3, 15-3, 16-3, 17-3 and the like.

【0023】さて、待機状態では4個の現像器全てが、
現像スリーブ上の剤は穂切り(現像不作動)状態になっ
ているが、以下においては現像動作の順序(カラー画像
形成順序)が、Bk,C,M,Yの例で説明する(但
し、画像形成順序は、これに限定されるものではな
い)。コピー動作が開始されると、カラースキャナー1
で所定のタイミングからBk画像データの読み取りがス
タートし、この画像データに基づきレーザー光による光
書き込み・潜像形成が始まる(以下、Bk画像データに
よる静電潜像をBk潜像と称す。C,M,Yについても
同じ)。このBk潜像の先端部から現像可能とすべく、
Bk現像器14の現像位置に潜像先端部が到達する前
に、現像スリーブ14-1を回転開始して剤の穂立てを行
ない、Bk潜像をBkトナーで現像する。そして以後、
Bk潜像領域の現像動作を続けるが、潜像後端部がBk
現像位置を通過した時点で、速やかにBk現像スリーブ
14-1上の剤穂切りを行ない、現像不作動状態にする。
これは少なくとも、次のC画像データによるC潜像先端
部が到達する前に完了させる。尚、穂切りは現像スリー
ブ14-1の回転方向を、現像動作中とは逆方向に切り替
えることで行なう。
Now, in the standby state, all four developing units
Although the agent on the developing sleeve is in the state of cutting off (development inoperative), the order of the developing operation (color image forming order) will be described below with an example of Bk, C, M and Y (however, The image forming order is not limited to this). When the copy operation is started, the color scanner 1
Then, reading of Bk image data starts at a predetermined timing, and optical writing / latent image formation by laser light starts based on this image data (hereinafter, an electrostatic latent image based on Bk image data is referred to as a Bk latent image. C, The same applies to M and Y). To enable development from the tip of this Bk latent image,
Before the leading edge of the latent image reaches the developing position of the Bk developing device 14, the developing sleeve 14-1 is started to rotate so that the agent is raised and the Bk latent image is developed with the Bk toner. And after that,
The developing operation of the Bk latent image area is continued, but the rear end of the latent image is Bk.
Upon passing the developing position, the agent cutting on the Bk developing sleeve 14-1 is promptly performed to bring the developing inoperative state.
This is completed at least before the leading edge of the C latent image by the next C image data arrives. The cutting of the spikes is performed by switching the rotating direction of the developing sleeve 14-1 to the opposite direction to that during the developing operation.

【0024】さて、感光体9に形成したBkトナー像
は、感光体9と等速駆動されている中間転写ベルト19
の表面に転写する(以下、感光体から中間転写ベルトへ
のトナー像転写をベルト転写と称す)。ベルト転写は、
感光体9と中間転写ベルト19が接触状態において、転
写バイアスローラ20に所定のバイアス電圧を印加する
ことで行なう。尚、中間転写ベルト19には、感光体9
に順次形成するBk,C,M,Yのトナー像を、同一面
に順次位置合わせして4色重ねのベルト転写画像を形成
し、その後、転写紙に一括転写を行なう。この中間転写
ベルトユニットの構成・動作については後述する。
The Bk toner image formed on the photosensitive member 9 is transferred to the intermediate transfer belt 19 which is driven at the same speed as the photosensitive member 9.
(Hereinafter, the transfer of the toner image from the photoconductor to the intermediate transfer belt is referred to as belt transfer). Belt transfer
This is performed by applying a predetermined bias voltage to the transfer bias roller 20 while the photoconductor 9 and the intermediate transfer belt 19 are in contact with each other. The intermediate transfer belt 19 has a photosensitive member 9
The toner images of Bk, C, M, and Y that are sequentially formed on are sequentially aligned on the same surface to form a belt transfer image of four-color superimposition, and then are collectively transferred to a transfer paper. The structure and operation of this intermediate transfer belt unit will be described later.

【0025】ところで、感光体9側ではBk工程の次に
C工程に進むが、所定のタイミングからカラースキャナ
ー1によるC画像データ読み取りが始まり、その画像デ
ータによるレーザー光書き込みで、C潜像形成を行な
う。C現像器15はその現像位置に対して、先のBk潜
像後端部が通過したした後で、且つC潜像の先端が到達
する前に現像スリーブ15-1を回転開始して剤の穂立て
を行ない、C潜像をCトナーで現像する。以後、C潜像
領域の現像を続けるが、潜像後端部が通過した時点で、
先のBk現像器の場合と同様にC現像スリーブ15-1上
の剤穂切りを行なう。これもやはり次のM潜像先端部が
到達する前に完了させる。尚、M及びYの工程について
は、それぞれの画像データ読み取り・潜像形成・現像の
動作が上述のBk,Cの工程と同様であるので説明は省
略する。
By the way, on the side of the photosensitive member 9, the Bk process is followed by the C process, but the C image data reading by the color scanner 1 is started from a predetermined timing, and the C latent image is formed by the laser light writing by the image data. To do. The C developing device 15 starts rotating the developing sleeve 15-1 to the developing position after the trailing edge of the previous Bk latent image has passed and before the leading edge of the C latent image reaches the developing position. The ears are raised and the C latent image is developed with C toner. After that, the development of the C latent image area is continued, but when the trailing edge of the latent image passes,
As in the case of the Bk developing device, the agent cutting on the C developing sleeve 15-1 is performed. This is also completed before the leading edge of the next M latent image arrives. The steps of M and Y are the same as the steps of Bk and C, respectively, in the operations of reading image data, forming a latent image, and developing, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.

【0026】次に、中間転写ベルトユニットについて説
明する。中間転写ベルト19は、駆動ローラ21、ベル
ト転写バイアスローラ20、及び従動ローラ群に張架さ
れており、図示してない駆動モータにより後述の如く駆
動制御される。ベルトクリーニングユニット22は、ブ
ラシローラ22-1、ゴムブレード22-2、及びベルトか
らの接離機構22-3などで構成されており、1色目のB
k画像をベルト転写した後の、2・3・4色目をベルト
転写している間は、接離機構22-3によってベルト面か
ら離間させておく。
Next, the intermediate transfer belt unit will be described. The intermediate transfer belt 19 is stretched around a driving roller 21, a belt transfer bias roller 20, and a driven roller group, and is driven and controlled by a driving motor (not shown) as described later. The belt cleaning unit 22 includes a brush roller 22-1, a rubber blade 22-2, and a belt contact / separation mechanism 22-3.
While the second, third, and fourth colors are transferred to the belt after the k image is transferred to the belt, the contact / separation mechanism 22-3 separates the image from the belt surface.

【0027】紙転写ユニット23は、紙転写バイアスロ
ーラ23-1、ローラークリーニングブレード23-2、及
びベルトからの接離機構23-3などで構成されている。
紙転写バイアスローラ23-1は、通常はベルト19面か
ら離間しているが、中間転写ベルト19面に形成された
4色の重ね画像を転写紙24に一括転写する時に、タイ
ミングを取って接離機構23-3で押圧され、該ローラ2
3-1に所定のバイアス電圧を印加して転写紙24への転
写を行なう。尚、転写紙24は、給紙ローラー25、レ
ジストローラ26によって、中間転写ベルト面の4色重
ね画像の先端部が、紙転写位置に到達するタイミングに
合わせて給紙される。
The paper transfer unit 23 is composed of a paper transfer bias roller 23-1, a roller cleaning blade 23-2, and a belt contact / separation mechanism 23-3.
The paper transfer bias roller 23-1 is normally separated from the surface of the belt 19, but when transferring the four-color superimposed image formed on the surface of the intermediate transfer belt 19 to the transfer paper 24 at a time, the paper transfer bias roller 23-1 is brought into contact with the transfer paper 24 at a timing. The roller 2 is pressed by the separating mechanism 23-3.
A predetermined bias voltage is applied to 3-1 to transfer to the transfer paper 24. The transfer paper 24 is fed by the paper feed roller 25 and the registration roller 26 at the timing when the leading edge of the four-color superimposed image on the intermediate transfer belt surface reaches the paper transfer position.

【0028】さて、中間転写ベルト19の動き方は、1
色目のBkトナー像のベルト転写が後端部まで終了した
後の動作方式として、次の3通りが考えられるが、この
中の1方式か、または、コピーサイズに応じて(コピー
速度面などで)効率的な方式の組み合わせによって動作
させる。 1)一定速往動方式: Bkトナー像のベルト転写後も、そのまま一定速で往
動を続ける。 そして、ベルト19面上のBk画像先端位置が、再び
感光体9との接触部のベルト転写位置に到達した時、感
光体9側は次のCトナー像の先端部が丁度その位置にく
るように、タイミングを取って画像形成されている。そ
の結果、C画像はBk画像に正確に位置合わせして中間
転写ベルト19上に重ねてベルト転写される。 その後も同様動作によって、M,Y画像工程に進み、
4色重ねのベルト転写画像を得る。 4色目のYトナー像ベルト転写工程に引き続き、その
まま往動しながら、ベルト面上の4色重ねトナー像を、
上記したように転写紙24に一括転写する。
The movement of the intermediate transfer belt 19 is 1
There are three possible operation methods after the belt transfer of the Bk toner image of the color is completed up to the rear end. One of them can be selected, or one of them can be used depending on the copy size. ) Operate by an efficient combination of methods. 1) Constant speed forward movement method: After the Bk toner image is transferred onto the belt, the forward movement is continued at a constant speed. Then, when the front end position of the Bk image on the surface of the belt 19 reaches the belt transfer position of the contact portion with the photosensitive member 9 again, the front end portion of the next C toner image on the photosensitive member 9 side is just at that position. In addition, the image is formed with a timing. As a result, the C image is accurately aligned with the Bk image and is transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 19 in a superimposed manner. After that, the same operation is performed to proceed to the M and Y image process,
A belt transfer image of four colors is obtained. Subsequent to the fourth color Y toner image belt transfer process, while moving forward as it is, the four color superimposed toner image on the belt surface,
As described above, they are collectively transferred to the transfer paper 24.

【0029】2)スキップ往動方式: Bkトナー像のベルト転写が終了したら、感光体9面
からベルト19を離間させ、そのままの往動方向に高速
スキップさせて、所定量を移動したら当初の往動速度に
戻す。またその後、再び感光体9にベルト19を接触さ
せる。 そして、ベルト19面上のBk画像先端位置が、再び
ベルト転写位置に到達した時、感光体9側は次のCトナ
ー像の先端部が丁度その位置にくるように、タイミング
を取って画像形成されている。その結果、C画像はBk
画像に正確に位置合わせして重ねてベルト転写される。 その後も同様動作によって、M,Y画像工程に進み、
4色重ねのベルト転写画像を得る。 4色目のYトナー像ベルト転写工程に引き続き、その
ままの往動速度で、ベルト19面上の4色重ねトナー像
を転写紙24に一括転写する。
2) Skip forward method: When the belt transfer of the Bk toner image is completed, the belt 19 is separated from the surface of the photoconductor 9 and is skipped at a high speed in the forward direction as it is. Return to dynamic speed. After that, the belt 19 is brought into contact with the photoconductor 9 again. Then, when the front end position of the Bk image on the surface of the belt 19 reaches the belt transfer position again, the photosensitive member 9 side forms an image at a timing so that the front end portion of the next C toner image is exactly at that position. Has been done. As a result, the C image is Bk
The belt is transferred so as to be accurately aligned with the image. After that, the same operation is performed to proceed to the M and Y image process,
A belt transfer image of four colors is obtained. Subsequent to the Y color toner image belt transfer process for the fourth color, the four color superimposed toner images on the surface of the belt 19 are collectively transferred onto the transfer paper 24 at the same forward speed.

【0030】3)往復動(クイックリターン)方式: Bk像のベルト転写が終了したら、感光体9面からベ
ルト19を離間させ、そして、往動を停止させると同時
に逆方向に高速リターンさせる。リターンは、ベルト1
9面上のBk画像先端位置が、ベルト転写相当位置を逆
方向に通過し、 さらに、予め設定された距離分を移動
した後に停止させて、待機状態にする。 次に、感光体9側のCトナー像の先端部が、ベルト転
写位置より手前の所定位置に到達した時点に、中間転写
ベルト19を再び往動方向にスタートさせる。また、ベ
ルト19を感光体9面に再び接触させる。この場合も、
C画像がベルト19面上でBk画像に正確に重なるよう
な条件に制御されてベルト転写される。 その後も同様動作によって、M,Y画像工程に進み、
4色重ねのベルト転写画像を得る。 4色目のYトナー像のベルト転写工程に引き続き、リ
ターンせずにそのままの速度で往動して、ベルト19面
上の4色重ねトナー像を転写紙24に一括転写する。
3) Reciprocating (quick return) system: When the belt transfer of the Bk image is completed, the belt 19 is separated from the surface of the photosensitive member 9, and the forward movement is stopped and at the same time, the belt is returned in the reverse direction at a high speed. Return is belt 1
The front end position of the Bk image on the 9th surface passes the position corresponding to the belt transfer in the opposite direction, and after moving for a preset distance, it is stopped and brought into a standby state. Next, when the front end of the C toner image on the side of the photoconductor 9 reaches a predetermined position before the belt transfer position, the intermediate transfer belt 19 is restarted in the forward direction. Further, the belt 19 is brought into contact with the surface of the photoconductor 9 again. Also in this case,
The C image is transferred under the condition that the C image is accurately overlapped with the Bk image on the surface of the belt 19. After that, the same operation is performed to proceed to the M and Y image process,
A belt transfer image of four colors is obtained. Subsequent to the belt transfer process for the Y toner image of the fourth color, the toner is moved forward at the same speed without returning, and the four-color superimposed toner image on the surface of the belt 19 is collectively transferred onto the transfer paper 24.

【0031】さて、以上の動作により中間転写ベルト面
から4色重ねトナー像を一括転写された転写紙24は、
紙搬送ユニット27で定着器28に搬送され、所定温度
にコントロールされた定着ローラ28-1と加圧ローラ2
8-2でトナー像を溶融定着された後、コピートレイ29
に搬出されフルカラーコピーが得られる。尚、ベルト転
写後の感光体9は、感光体クリーニングユニット10
(クリーニング前除電器10-1、ブラシローラ10-2、
ゴムブレード10-3)で表面をクリーニングされ、ま
た、除電ランプ11で均一に除電される。また、転写紙
24にトナー像を転写した後の中間転写ベルト19は、
クリーニングユニット22を再び接離機構22-3で押圧
して表面をクリーニングする。
By the above operation, the transfer paper 24 to which the four-color superimposed toner images are collectively transferred from the intermediate transfer belt surface is
The fixing roller 28-1 and the pressure roller 2 are conveyed to the fixing device 28 by the paper conveying unit 27 and are controlled to a predetermined temperature.
After the toner image is fused and fixed at 8-2, the copy tray 29
It is shipped to the factory and a full color copy is obtained. The photosensitive member 9 after the belt transfer is the photosensitive member cleaning unit 10
(Pre-cleaning static eliminator 10-1, brush roller 10-2,
The surface is cleaned by the rubber blade 10-3), and the charge is uniformly discharged by the charge removing lamp 11. Further, the intermediate transfer belt 19 after the toner image is transferred onto the transfer paper 24 is
The cleaning unit 22 is pressed again by the contacting / separating mechanism 22-3 to clean the surface.

【0032】次に、リピートコピーの時は、カラースキ
ャナ1の動作、及び感光体9への画像形成は、1枚目の
Y(4色目)画像工程に引き続き、所定のタイミングで
2枚目のBk(1色目)画像工程に進む。また、中間転
写ベルト19の方は、1枚目の4色重ね画像の転写紙へ
の一括転写工程に引き続き、表面をクリーニングユニッ
ト22でクリーニングされた領域に、2枚目のBkトナ
ー像がベルト転写されるようにする。その後は、1枚目
と同様動作になる。
Next, at the time of repeat copying, the operation of the color scanner 1 and the image formation on the photoconductor 9 are continued from the Y (fourth color) image process of the first sheet, and then the second sheet at a predetermined timing. Proceed to the Bk (first color) image process. In the intermediate transfer belt 19, the second Bk toner image is transferred to the area where the surface is cleaned by the cleaning unit 22, following the batch transfer process of the first four-color superimposed image onto the transfer paper. To be transcribed. After that, the same operation as the first sheet is performed.

【0033】尚、図1に示す転写紙給紙カセット30,
31,32,33には、各種サイズの転写紙が収納され
ており、操作パネル(図示せず)で指定されたサイズ紙
の収納カセットから、タイミングを取ってレジストロー
ラ26方向に給紙・搬送される。また、34はOHP用
紙や厚紙などの手差し給紙トレイである。
The transfer paper feeding cassette 30 shown in FIG.
Transfer papers of various sizes are stored in 31, 32, and 33, and the papers are fed / conveyed toward the registration rollers 26 at a timing from a storage cassette of paper of a size designated by an operation panel (not shown). To be done. Reference numeral 34 is a manual paper feed tray for OHP paper, thick paper, and the like.

【0034】以上までは、4色フルカラーを得るコピー
モードの説明であったが、3色コピーモード、2色コピ
ーモードの場合は、指定された色と回数の分について、
上記と同様の動作を行なうことになる。また、単色コピ
ーモードの場合は、所定枚数が終了するまでの間、その
色の現像器のみを現像作動(剤穂立て)状態にして、中
間転写ベルト19は、感光体9面に接触したまま往動方
向に一定速駆動し、さらに、ベルトクリーナー22もベ
ルト19に接触したままの状態で、コピー動作を行な
う。
Up to this point, the description has been given of the copy mode in which four full colors are obtained, but in the case of the three-color copy mode and the two-color copy mode, the designated color and the number of times are
The same operation as above will be performed. In the single-color copy mode, until the predetermined number of sheets are finished, only the developing device of that color is in a developing operation (agent standing) state, and the intermediate transfer belt 19 remains in contact with the surface of the photoreceptor 9. The copying operation is performed in a state where the belt cleaner 22 is driven at a constant speed in the forward direction and the belt cleaner 22 is also in contact with the belt 19.

【0035】以上、カラー複写装置の基本構成及び動作
について説明したが、図1,2に示した構成において
は、中間転写ベルト19に形成されたトナー像を、紙転
写ユニット23の接離機構(半回転するカム)23-3で
紙転写バイアスローラ23-1を押し上げて転写紙24へ
とトナー像を転写させている。しかし、このような転写
方式では、紙転写時にローラ加圧によってトナーが凝集
し、電荷の低い不安定なトナー層の中間でトナーが剥が
れるために、図6に示すように、転写紙24上の転写画
像に”文字部中抜け”を起こすことが有る。そこで、本
発明では、トナー間凝集を起こしても良好にトナー像を
転写させるために、転写紙が転写バイアスローラ23-1
に進入する前に中間転写ベルト19上のトナーを帯電さ
せるための手段として、コロナ放電器からなる転写前チ
ャージャー50を設け、該転写前チャージャー50によ
ってベルト上のトナーの保有電荷量をアップさせ、良好
に紙転写を行なわさせるものである。
Although the basic structure and operation of the color copying apparatus have been described above, in the structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the toner image formed on the intermediate transfer belt 19 is moved to the contact / separation mechanism of the paper transfer unit 23 ( A half-rotating cam) 23-3 pushes up the paper transfer bias roller 23-1 to transfer the toner image onto the transfer paper 24. However, in such a transfer method, the toner is aggregated by the roller pressure at the time of paper transfer, and the toner is peeled off in the middle of the unstable toner layer having a low electric charge, so that as shown in FIG. There is a case that "blank part of character part" occurs in the transferred image. Therefore, in the present invention, the transfer paper is the transfer bias roller 23-1 in order to transfer the toner image satisfactorily even if the toner is aggregated.
As a means for charging the toner on the intermediate transfer belt 19 before entering into, the pre-transfer charger 50 including a corona discharger is provided, and the pre-transfer charger 50 increases the amount of charge held by the toner on the belt. The paper is transferred well.

【0036】ここで、図3に本発明の画像形成装置にお
ける紙転写部の概略図を示す。図3において、中間転写
ベルト19上に形成されたトナー像に転写前チャージャ
ー50で放電し(本構成においてはマイナストナー、マ
イナス放電とする)、トナーをさらに帯電させ、トナー
間の電気的密着力を強める。これにより、転写紙24へ
の転写の際に、紙転写ローラ23-1によってトナーとは
逆極性のバイアスが印加され且つ加圧されてトナー間凝
集を起こしても、トナー間の電気的密着力が強まってい
るために、前述したような文字部中抜けは発生しない。
さらに、トナーの保有電荷量がアップしたことにより、
トナーが中間転写ベルト19に電気的に安定して保持さ
れるので、紙転写直前でのトナーの転写紙24への飛び
散りを防止することができる。
Here, FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the paper transfer portion in the image forming apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the toner image formed on the intermediate transfer belt 19 is discharged by the pre-transfer charger 50 (in this configuration, it is minus toner or minus discharge) to further charge the toner, and the electrical adhesion between the toners is increased. Strengthen. As a result, at the time of transfer onto the transfer paper 24, even if a bias having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is applied and pressed by the paper transfer roller 23-1 to cause agglomeration between the toners, an electrical adhesion force between the toners As described above, the hollow character portion as described above does not occur.
Furthermore, due to the increase in the amount of toner charge,
Since the toner is electrically and stably held on the intermediate transfer belt 19, it is possible to prevent the toner from scattering on the transfer paper 24 immediately before the paper transfer.

【0037】次に、本発明のより具体的な実施例とその
実施結果(図5)を示す。ここで図5は、図3における
中間転写ベルト19と転写前チャージャー50のワイヤ
ー50aとの距離を10mmとし、ワイヤー50aに直
流(DC)−5kVを印加して放電させた後に紙転写し
た結果を示す図であり、横軸は中間転写ベルト19上の
トナー電荷量、縦軸はその時の文字部中抜け現象の程度
のランク評価であり、ランク5とは中抜けが発生してい
ないことを表わしている。ここで、転写紙として秤量8
0g/m2 の紙を使用し、通常に転写させた時の中間転
写ベルト19上のトナー電荷量は10[−μC/g]で
あり、この場合には図5に示すようにランク3となり文
字部中抜けが発生したが、本実施例においては、上記条
件で中間転写ベルト19上のトナーに転写前チャージャ
ー50によりコロナ放電させた結果、トナーの保有電荷
量が15[−μC/g]となり、図5に示すようにラン
ク5となり文字部中抜けの問題が改善された。さらに、
トナーの保有電荷量が上昇したために、トナーが中間転
写ベルト19に電気的に安定して保持され、紙転写直前
でのトナーの飛び散りの問題も解消された。
Next, a more specific example of the present invention and its implementation result (FIG. 5) are shown. Here, FIG. 5 shows a result of paper transfer after the distance between the intermediate transfer belt 19 and the wire 50a of the pre-transfer charger 50 in FIG. 3 is set to 10 mm and a direct current (DC) -5 kV is applied to the wire 50a to cause discharge. In the figure, the horizontal axis is the toner charge amount on the intermediate transfer belt 19, the vertical axis is the rank evaluation of the degree of the character portion hollow phenomenon at that time, and the rank 5 represents that the hollow portion does not occur. ing. Here, weigh as transfer paper 8
The amount of toner charge on the intermediate transfer belt 19 when normally transferred using 0 g / m 2 paper is 10 [-μC / g], and in this case, it is ranked 3 as shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the character portion omission occurred, but in the present embodiment, as a result of the corona discharge of the toner on the intermediate transfer belt 19 by the pre-transfer charger 50 under the above conditions, the toner charge amount is 15 [-μC / g]. Thus, as shown in FIG. 5, the rank is changed to 5, and the problem of blank characters is improved. further,
Since the amount of charge held by the toner was increased, the toner was electrically and stably held on the intermediate transfer belt 19, and the problem of toner scattering immediately before the transfer of the paper was solved.

【0038】尚、上記実施例では、転写前チャージャー
50によるコロナ放電としてDCコロトロンで説明した
が、本発明の別の実施例として、転写前チャージャー5
0にグリッド(図示せず)を設け、該グリッドにかかる
電圧を可変抵抗で調整して上記と同様の電圧を印加した
ところ、同様の結果が得られた。さらに別の実施例とし
て、図4に示すように、転写前チャージャー(コロナ放
電器)50の電源として直流電源50Aと交流電源50
Bを直列に接続し、転写前チャージャー50のワイヤー
50aに実効値出力6kV,500Hzの交流高圧に−
5kVの直流高圧を重畳して印加したところ、トナーの
保有電荷量が20[−μC/g]となり、同様にトナー
の飛び散り及び文字部中抜けの問題が解消された。
In the above embodiment, the DC corotron was used as the corona discharge by the pre-transfer charger 50. However, as another embodiment of the present invention, the pre-transfer charger 5 is used.
0 was provided with a grid (not shown), and the voltage applied to the grid was adjusted with a variable resistance and the same voltage as the above was applied, and the same result was obtained. As another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, as a power source for the pre-transfer charger (corona discharger) 50, a DC power source 50A and an AC power source 50 are used.
B is connected in series to the wire 50a of the pre-transfer charger 50, and an AC high voltage with an effective value output of 6 kV and 500 Hz is applied.
When a DC high voltage of 5 kV was applied in a superimposed manner, the amount of charge held in the toner was 20 [-μC / g], and the problems of toner scattering and voids in the character portion were similarly solved.

【0039】また、転写前チャージャー50の放電タイ
ミングとしては、例えば紙転写直前に一括放電する方法
があり、この場合は、特にトナー付着量が少ない時に有
効である。また、トナー付着量が比較的多い場合、例え
ば多色画像形成時には、転写前チャージャー50の放電
タイミングを、各色毎に順次放電させるように制御し、
さらにその放電電圧(あるいは電流)を順次ステップア
ップさせることにより、顕著な効果が得られた。本実施
例では、中間転写ベルト上に形成された1色目のトナー
像へは、DC−3.5kVを紙転写前チャージャー50
に印加して放電させ、さらに2色目ではDC−4.0k
Vと順次−500kV毎にステップアップして印加させ
た。その結果、複数回コロナ放電を受けるために、1色
(あるいは1層)のベルト上トナー電荷の分布ムラも軽
減され、4回目の放電後(つまりフルカラー時)のベル
ト上トナー電荷量は25[−μC/g]であり、広範囲
において均一な電荷量を示した。さらに、この方式で
は、1色目のベルト上トナーのチャージアップ量は少な
いために、2色目以降のベルト転写時において、転写効
率が落ちる等の悪影響を与えない。勿論、中間転写ベル
ト19の非画像部は、中間転写ベルト19が中抵抗体で
あるため、放電直後でもチャージアップしていることは
ない(時定数が小さいため、電荷が近傍のアースローラ
に流れ込む)。
As for the discharge timing of the pre-transfer charger 50, for example, there is a method of performing a batch discharge immediately before the transfer of paper. In this case, it is particularly effective when the toner adhesion amount is small. Further, when the toner adhesion amount is relatively large, for example, when forming a multicolor image, the discharge timing of the pre-transfer charger 50 is controlled so as to sequentially discharge each color,
Further, a remarkable effect was obtained by sequentially stepping up the discharge voltage (or current). In this embodiment, DC-3.5 kV is applied to the pre-paper transfer charger 50 for the toner image of the first color formed on the intermediate transfer belt.
To discharge for DC-4.0k for the second color.
The voltage was sequentially stepped up at an interval of −500 kV and applied. As a result, since the toner is subjected to corona discharge a plurality of times, uneven distribution of toner charge on the belt of one color (or one layer) is reduced, and the toner charge amount on the belt after the fourth discharge (that is, in full color) is 25 [ -[Mu] C / g], showing a uniform charge amount in a wide range. Further, in this method, since the charge-up amount of the toner on the belt of the first color is small, there is no adverse effect such as a decrease in transfer efficiency at the time of transferring the belt of the second color and thereafter. Of course, the non-image portion of the intermediate transfer belt 19 is not charged up immediately after discharge because the intermediate transfer belt 19 is a medium resistance body (since the time constant is small, the charge flows into the nearby earth roller). ).

【0040】ところで、上記の紙転写前チャージャー5
0の放電中において、中間転写ベルト19の周速度を通
常180[mm/sec]の半分の90[mm/se
c]にした時のベルト上トナーの電荷量は30[−μC
/g]に達し、文字部中抜け及び転写紙へのトナー飛び
散りの無い良好な画像が得られた。この時の放電条件
は、前述のような実効値出力6kV,500Hzの交流
高圧に、−5kVの直流高圧を重畳させた場合である
が、その他に、紙転写前チャージャー50に直流高圧の
みを印加させた場合でも勿論良く、さらに、多色時にお
いては、各色毎に順次放電電圧(あるいは電流)をステ
ップアップさせるが、その各々の放電時、あるいは最終
の放電時に、同様に中間転写ベルト19の周速度を遅く
することも可能である。実施例としては、フルカラー画
像形成時において、ベルト上の1色目のトナーに対して
紙転写前チャージャー50でDC−3.5kVを印加
し、各色毎、順次−500V毎にステップアップして印
加し、その各々毎回の放電中はベルトの周速度を通常の
半分の90[mm/sec]にした結果、ベルト上トナ
ーの電荷量は40[−μC/g]になり、上記と同様に
文字部中抜け及び転写紙へのトナー飛び散りは無く、良
好な画像が得られた。
By the way, the above-mentioned pre-paper transfer charger 5 is used.
During discharge of 0, the peripheral speed of the intermediate transfer belt 19 is 90 [mm / se] which is half the normal 180 [mm / sec].
The amount of electric charge of the toner on the belt when set to [c] is 30 [-μC
/ G], and a good image without voids in the character area and toner scattering on the transfer paper was obtained. The discharge condition at this time is the case where a DC high voltage of -5 kV is superimposed on the AC high voltage of 6 kV and 500 Hz of the effective value output as described above. In addition, only the DC high voltage is applied to the pre-transfer charger 50. Of course, the discharge voltage (or current) is stepped up for each color in the case of multiple colors, but the discharge voltage (or current) of each color is increased stepwise. It is also possible to reduce the peripheral speed. As an example, at the time of forming a full-color image, DC-3.5 kV is applied to the toner of the first color on the belt by the pre-paper transfer charger 50, and the voltage is sequentially stepped up by -500 V for each color. During each discharge, the peripheral speed of the belt is set to 90 [mm / sec], which is half the normal speed. As a result, the charge amount of the toner on the belt becomes 40 [-μC / g]. A good image was obtained without any voids or toner scattering on the transfer paper.

【0041】しかし、中間転写ベルト19上のトナーの
電荷量にも上限があり、これまで説明してきた以外の条
件で過剰にコロナ放電させても、ベルト上トナーの電荷
量はそれ以上上昇していかない。また、ベルト上トナー
の電荷量が40[−μC/g]を超える条件が得られた
としても、紙転写の際に、通常より遥かに高い転写電界
を必要とし、転写効率が悪くなる。従って、ベルト上ト
ナーの電荷量は、15[−μC/g]以上40[−μC
/g]以下の範囲内にあるのが望ましいと言える。尚、
本発明において、転写紙は普通紙に限らず、厚紙やOH
Pシート、葉書などの特殊紙でも効果があることは言う
迄もない。
However, the charge amount of the toner on the intermediate transfer belt 19 has an upper limit, and even if the corona discharge is excessively performed under the conditions other than those described above, the charge amount of the toner on the belt is further increased. It doesn't. Further, even if the condition that the charge amount of the toner on the belt exceeds 40 [-μC / g] is obtained, a transfer electric field much higher than usual is required at the time of paper transfer, and the transfer efficiency is deteriorated. Therefore, the charge amount of the toner on the belt is 15 [-μC / g] or more and 40 [-μC
It can be said that it is desirable that it is within the range of / g] or less. still,
In the present invention, the transfer paper is not limited to plain paper, but may be thick paper or OH paper.
It goes without saying that special sheets such as P sheets and postcards are also effective.

【0042】[0042]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように、請求項1の発明に
よれば、紙転写以前に中間転写体上のトナーを帯電させ
る手段を設けたことにより、中間転写体上のトナーの保
有電荷量をアップさせることができ、これにより、中間
転写方式の画像形成装置における不安定なトナー保持状
態を改善して転写紙へのトナー飛び散りを防ぐだけでな
く、トナー間の電気的密着力を強くさせることができ、
トナー層(特に多層(多色)時)の中間でトナーが剥が
れることを防ぎ、文字部中抜け現象を解消させることが
できる。従って、文字部中抜け及び転写紙へのトナー飛
び散りがない良好な画像を得ることができる。
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the means for charging the toner on the intermediate transfer body is provided before the paper transfer, the amount of charge held on the intermediate transfer body is retained. This makes it possible to improve the unstable toner holding state in the image forming apparatus of the intermediate transfer system and prevent toner scattering on the transfer paper, as well as strengthen the electric adhesion between the toners. It is possible,
It is possible to prevent the toner from peeling off in the middle of the toner layer (especially in the case of a multi-layer (multi-color)), and it is possible to eliminate the phenomenon that the character portion is missing. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a good image in which there is no void in the character portion and toner scattering on the transfer paper.

【0043】請求項2の発明によれば、請求項1の効果
に加えて、トナー帯電手段を、直流高圧を印加するコロ
ナ放電器からなる転写前チャージャーとしたことによ
り、簡単、軽量で且つ制御性及び取付性が容易である。
According to the second aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the toner charging means is a pre-transfer charger including a corona discharger for applying a DC high voltage, so that it is simple, lightweight and controllable. And easy to install.

【0044】請求項3の発明によれば、請求項1の効果
に加えて、トナー帯電手段を、交流高圧に直流高圧を重
畳して印加するコロナ放電器からなる転写前チャージャ
ーとしたことにより、中間転写体上のトナーに対する帯
電効率を向上することができる。
According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of claim 1, the toner charging means is a pre-transfer charger comprising a corona discharger for superimposing and applying a DC high voltage on the AC high voltage. The charging efficiency for the toner on the intermediate transfer member can be improved.

【0045】請求項4の発明によれば、請求項1の効果
に加えて、トナー帯電手段を、開口部にグリッドを備え
該グリッドにトナーと同極性の直流バイアスを印加する
スコロトロンタイプのコロナ放電器からなる転写前チャ
ージャーとしたことにより、放電安定性が増大し、容易
に狙いのトナー電荷量を得ることができる。
According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of claim 1, a scorotron type corona in which the toner charging means is provided with a grid in the opening and a DC bias of the same polarity as the toner is applied to the grid. By using the pre-transfer charger including the discharger, the discharge stability is increased, and the target toner charge amount can be easily obtained.

【0046】請求項5の発明によれば、請求項1の効果
に加えて、コロナ放電器の放電タイミングを、紙転写直
前に一括放電するように制御したことにより、極めて制
御が容易でオゾン発生量も少なくすることができる。
According to the fifth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the discharge timing of the corona discharger is controlled so that the discharge is performed at once just before the transfer of the paper. The amount can also be reduced.

【0047】請求項6の発明によれば、請求項1の効果
に加えて、中間転写体上に各色トナー像を順次重ね合わ
せる多色時において、コロナ放電器の放電タイミングを
各色毎に順次放電するように制御したことにより、中間
転写体上のトナーの電荷量分布ムラが軽減され、均一な
電荷量とすることができる。
According to the sixth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the discharge timing of the corona discharger is sequentially discharged for each color in the multicolor when the toner images of the respective colors are sequentially superposed on the intermediate transfer member. By controlling so that the charge amount distribution of the toner on the intermediate transfer member is reduced, the charge amount can be made uniform.

【0048】請求項7の発明によれば、請求項1の効果
に加えて、中間転写体上に各色トナー像を順次重ね合わ
せる多色時において、コロナ放電器の放電タイミングを
各色毎に順次放電するように制御し、且つその放電電圧
(あるいは電流)をステップアップしているので、1色
目のトナーのチャージアップ量は少ないので、2色目以
降の中間転写体への転写に影響を与えることがない(3
色目以降も同じ)。
According to the invention of claim 7, in addition to the effect of claim 1, in the case of multicolor in which toner images of respective colors are sequentially superposed on the intermediate transfer member, the discharge timing of the corona discharger is sequentially discharged for each color. Control so that the discharge voltage (or current) is stepped up, the charge-up amount of the toner of the first color is small, which may affect the transfer to the intermediate transfer member of the second and subsequent colors. Not (3
The same applies after the color).

【0049】請求項8の発明によれば、請求項1の効果
に加えて、紙転写前トナー帯電手段としてのコロナ放電
器の放電中において、中間転写体の周速度を通常作動時
よりも遅くなるように制御したことにより、中間転写体
上のトナーは充分に放電を受けることができるので、ト
ナー層の深部まで電荷を注入することができる。
According to the invention of claim 8, in addition to the effect of claim 1, the peripheral speed of the intermediate transfer member is slower than that during normal operation during discharging of the corona discharger as the toner charging means before paper transfer. By controlling so that the toner on the intermediate transfer member can be sufficiently discharged, it is possible to inject charges into the deep portion of the toner layer.

【0050】請求項9の発明によれば、請求項1の効果
に加えて、中間転写体上に形成されているトナーの電荷
量を15[−μC/g]以上40[−μC/g]以下の
範囲内としたことにより、文字部中抜け及び転写紙への
トナー飛び散りもなく、かつ、紙転写の転写効率も落ち
ることがない。
According to the invention of claim 9, in addition to the effect of claim 1, the charge amount of the toner formed on the intermediate transfer member is 15 [-μC / g] or more and 40 [-μC / g]. By setting the content within the following range, there is no dropout in the character portion and no toner scattering on the transfer paper, and the transfer efficiency of paper transfer does not decrease.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明に係わるカラー複写装置の概略構成図で
ある。
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a color copying apparatus according to the present invention.

【図2】図1に示すカラー複写装置の感光体及び中間転
写ベルト周りの拡大図である。
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view around a photoconductor and an intermediate transfer belt of the color copying apparatus shown in FIG.

【図3】本発明の画像形成装置における紙転写部の概略
図である。
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a paper transfer unit in the image forming apparatus of the present invention.

【図4】本発明に係るトナー帯電手段の構成例を示す図
である。
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a toner charging unit according to the present invention.

【図5】本発明の実施結果を示す図であって、中間転写
ベルト上のトナー電荷量に対する文字部中抜け現象の程
度のランクを示した図である。
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a result of carrying out the present invention, and is a diagram showing a rank of a degree of a character portion dropout phenomenon with respect to a toner charge amount on an intermediate transfer belt.

【図6】中間転写体上のトナー電荷量の不足による紙転
写時の文字部中抜け現象の説明図である。
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a character portion hollow phenomenon at the time of paper transfer due to a shortage of the toner charge amount on the intermediate transfer member.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1:カラー画像読み取り装置(カラースキャナー) 2:カラー画像記録装置(カラープリンター) 3:原稿 4:照明ランプ 5:ミラー群 6:レンズ 7:光電変換素子(CCD等) 8:書き込み光学ユニット 8-1:レーザー 8-2:ポリゴンミラー 8-3:ポリゴンモータ 8-4:f/θレンズ 8-5:反射ミラー 9:感光体ドラム 10:感光体クリーニングユニット 10-1:クリーニング前除電器 10-2:ブラシローラ 10-3:ゴムブレード 11:除電ランプ 12:帯電器 13:電位センサー 14:Black(Bk)現像器 14-1:Bk用現像スリーブ 14-2:Bk用現像パドル 14-3:Bk用トナー濃度検知センサー 15:Cyan(C)現像器 15-1:C用現像スリーブ 15-2:C用現像パドル 15-3:C用トナー濃度検知センサー 16:Magenta(M)現像器 16-1:M用現像スリーブ 16-2:M用現像パドル 16-3:M用トナー濃度検知センサー 17:Ywllow(Y)現像器 17-1:Y用現像スリーブ 17-2:Y用現像パドル 17-3:Y用トナー濃度検知センサー 18:現像濃度パターン検知器 19:中間転写体(中間転写ベルト) 20:ベルト転写バイアスローラ 21:ベルト駆動ローラ 22:ベルトクリーニングユニット 22-1:ブラシローラ 22-2:ゴムブレード 22-3:接離機構 23:紙転写ユニット 23-1:紙転写バイアスローラ 23-2:ローラクリーニングブレード 23-3:接離機構 24:転写紙 25:給紙ローラ 26:レジストローラ 27:紙搬送ユニット 28:定着器 28-1:定着ローラ 28-2:加圧ローラ 29:コピートレイ 30,31,32,33:転写紙給紙カセット 34:手差し給紙トレイ 50:転写前チャージャー(コロナ放電器) 50a:ワイヤー 50A:直流電源 50B:交流電源 1: Color image reading device (color scanner) 2: Color image recording device (color printer) 3: Original document 4: Illumination lamp 5: Mirror group 6: Lens 7: Photoelectric conversion element (CCD etc.) 8: Writing optical unit 8- 1: Laser 8-2: Polygon mirror 8-3: Polygon motor 8-4: f / θ lens 8-5: Reflection mirror 9: Photoconductor drum 10: Photoconductor cleaning unit 10-1: Static eliminator before cleaning 10- 2: Brush roller 10-3: Rubber blade 11: Static elimination lamp 12: Charger 13: Potential sensor 14: Black (Bk) developing device 14-1: Bk developing sleeve 14-2: Bk developing paddle 14-3: Bk toner concentration detection sensor 15: Cyan (C) developing device 15-1: C development sleeve 15-2: C development paddle 15-3: C toner concentration detection sensor 16: Magen ta (M) developing device 16-1: M developing sleeve 16-2: M developing paddle 16-3: M toner concentration detection sensor 17: Ywllow (Y) developing device 17-1: Y developing sleeve 17- 2: Y development paddle 17-3: Y toner density detection sensor 18: Development density pattern detector 19: Intermediate transfer body (intermediate transfer belt) 20: Belt transfer bias roller 21: Belt drive roller 22: Belt cleaning unit 22 -1: Brush roller 22-2: Rubber blade 22-3: Contact / separation mechanism 23: Paper transfer unit 23-1: Paper transfer bias roller 23-2: Roller cleaning blade 23-3: Contact / separation mechanism 24: Transfer paper 25 : Paper feed roller 26: Registration roller 27: Paper transport unit 28: Fixing device 28-1: Fixing roller 28-2: Pressing roller 29: Copy tray 30, 31, 32, 33: Rolling Paper feeding cassette 34: the manual paper feed tray 50: pre-transfer charger (corona discharger) 50a: wire 50A: DC power supply 50B: AC power supply

Claims (9)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】潜像担持体と、その表面に形成された静電
潜像にトナーを供給して該潜像を顕像化する現像手段
と、前記潜像担持体に対して接離可能な状態で配置され
潜像担持体上のトナーが転写される中間転写体を備え、
前記中間転写体のトナーを転写紙へ電気的に転写させる
画像形成装置において、転写紙に転写する以前に前記中
間転写体上のトナーを帯電させるトナー帯電手段を設け
たことを特徴とする画像形成装置。
1. A latent image carrier, developing means for supplying toner to an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the latent image carrier to visualize the latent image, and the latent image carrier can be brought into contact with and separated from the latent image carrier. Equipped with an intermediate transfer member that is arranged in such a state that the toner on the latent image carrier is transferred,
An image forming apparatus for electrically transferring the toner of the intermediate transfer body to a transfer paper, comprising a toner charging unit for charging the toner on the intermediate transfer body before the transfer onto the transfer paper. apparatus.
【請求項2】前記トナー帯電手段が、直流高圧を印加す
るコロナ放電器であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の
画像形成装置。
2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the toner charging means is a corona discharger for applying a DC high voltage.
【請求項3】前記トナー帯電手段が、交流高圧に直流高
圧を重畳して印加するコロナ放電器であることを特徴と
する請求項1記載の画像形成装置。
3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the toner charging means is a corona discharger for superimposing and applying a DC high voltage on the AC high voltage.
【請求項4】前記トナー帯電手段が、開口部にグリッド
を備えており、該グリッドにトナーと同極性の直流バイ
アスを印加するコロナ放電器であることを特徴とする請
求項1記載の画像形成装置。
4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the toner charging means is a corona discharger having a grid in the opening and applying a DC bias having the same polarity as the toner to the grid. apparatus.
【請求項5】前記中間転写体上に各色トナー像を順次重
ね合わせる多色時において、前記コロナ放電器の放電タ
イミングを紙転写直前に一括に放電するように制御した
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4記載の画像形成装置。
5. A multi-color toner image in which toner images of respective colors are sequentially superposed on the intermediate transfer member, the discharge timing of the corona discharger is controlled so that the discharge is performed at once just before the paper transfer. The image forming apparatus according to any one of 1 to 4.
【請求項6】前記中間転写体上に各色トナー像を順次重
ね合わせる多色時において、前記コロナ放電器の放電タ
イミングを各色毎に順次放電するように制御したことを
特徴とする請求項1乃至4記載の画像形成装置。
6. A multi-color toner image in which toner images of respective colors are successively superposed on the intermediate transfer member, the discharge timing of the corona discharger is controlled so as to sequentially discharge each color. 4. The image forming apparatus according to item 4.
【請求項7】前記中間転写体上に各色トナー像を順次重
ね合わせる多色時において、前記コロナ放電器の放電タ
イミングを各色毎に順次放電するように制御し、且つそ
の放電電圧(あるいは電流)を順次ステップアップする
ように制御したことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4及び6
記載の画像形成装置。
7. A multi-color toner image in which toner images of respective colors are sequentially superposed on the intermediate transfer member, the discharge timing of the corona discharger is controlled so as to sequentially discharge each color, and the discharge voltage (or current) thereof is set. Are controlled so as to be stepped up sequentially.
The image forming apparatus described.
【請求項8】前記コロナ放電器の放電中において、中間
転写体の周速度を通常作動時よりも遅くなるように制御
したことを特徴とする請求項1乃至7記載の画像形成装
置。
8. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the peripheral speed of the intermediate transfer member is controlled to be slower than during normal operation during discharge of the corona discharger.
【請求項9】前記中間転写体上のトナーの電荷量を15
[−μC/g]以上40[−μC/g]以下の範囲内と
したことを特徴とする請求項1乃至8記載の画像形成装
置。
9. The charge amount of the toner on the intermediate transfer member is set to 15
9. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the image forming apparatus is in the range of [-[mu] C / g] to 40 [-[mu] C / g].
JP20219594A 1994-08-26 1994-08-26 Image forming device Expired - Fee Related JP3386244B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20219594A JP3386244B2 (en) 1994-08-26 1994-08-26 Image forming device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20219594A JP3386244B2 (en) 1994-08-26 1994-08-26 Image forming device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0863003A true JPH0863003A (en) 1996-03-08
JP3386244B2 JP3386244B2 (en) 2003-03-17

Family

ID=16453548

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP20219594A Expired - Fee Related JP3386244B2 (en) 1994-08-26 1994-08-26 Image forming device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3386244B2 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6298212B1 (en) * 1999-09-14 2001-10-02 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Apparatus providing improved image transfer to an intermediate transfer belt
EP1280012A1 (en) 1997-01-31 2003-01-29 Seiko Epson Corporation Developers for efficient toner image transfer via an intermediate belt
US7187893B2 (en) 1997-01-31 2007-03-06 Seiko Epson Corporation Image transfer unit having an intermediate transfer belt to which a toner image is applied
US7280788B2 (en) 2004-09-30 2007-10-09 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Image forming apparatus and transferring method
US9002245B2 (en) 2011-12-13 2015-04-07 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image forming apparatus

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1280012A1 (en) 1997-01-31 2003-01-29 Seiko Epson Corporation Developers for efficient toner image transfer via an intermediate belt
US7187893B2 (en) 1997-01-31 2007-03-06 Seiko Epson Corporation Image transfer unit having an intermediate transfer belt to which a toner image is applied
EP1280012B1 (en) * 1997-01-31 2007-04-25 Seiko Epson Corporation Developers for efficient toner image transfer via an intermediate belt
US6298212B1 (en) * 1999-09-14 2001-10-02 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Apparatus providing improved image transfer to an intermediate transfer belt
US7280788B2 (en) 2004-09-30 2007-10-09 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Image forming apparatus and transferring method
US9002245B2 (en) 2011-12-13 2015-04-07 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image forming apparatus

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