JPH0858343A - Suspension device for working vehicle - Google Patents
Suspension device for working vehicleInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0858343A JPH0858343A JP19966594A JP19966594A JPH0858343A JP H0858343 A JPH0858343 A JP H0858343A JP 19966594 A JP19966594 A JP 19966594A JP 19966594 A JP19966594 A JP 19966594A JP H0858343 A JPH0858343 A JP H0858343A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydraulic cylinder
- vehicle body
- axle
- distance
- vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/30—Rigid axle suspensions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/30—Rigid axle suspensions
- B60G2200/32—Rigid axle suspensions pivoted
- B60G2200/322—Rigid axle suspensions pivoted with a single pivot point and a straight axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/30—Rigid axle suspensions
- B60G2200/32—Rigid axle suspensions pivoted
- B60G2200/324—Rigid axle suspensions pivoted with a single pivot point and a triangular "T" or "U"-shaped axle, e.g. DeDion arrangement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/30—Rigid axle suspensions
- B60G2200/34—Stabilising mechanisms, e.g. for lateral stability
- B60G2200/341—Panhard rod
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/46—Means for locking the suspension
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60G2300/02—Trucks; Load vehicles
- B60G2300/022—Fork lift trucks, Clark
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60G2300/08—Agricultural vehicles
- B60G2300/082—Tractors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
- B60G2800/01—Attitude or posture control
- B60G2800/012—Rolling condition
Landscapes
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、主として未舗装地で作
業を行い、タイヤ付き車輪で移動する作業車両に備えら
れるアクスルの懸架装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an axle suspension system for a work vehicle which mainly works on unpaved land and moves on wheels with tires.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】タイヤ付車輪で移動する作業車両、例え
ばホイールショベルやホイールローダは、車輪を駆動す
るアクスルと車体とが直接結合されているか、又はピン
ジョイントで結合されている。図２及び図３に、従来よ
り知られているこの種の作業車両の一例を示す。図２は
この種の作業車両の主要部を模式的に示す正面図であ
り、図３はその側面図である。これらの図において、１
は作業車両、２は車体、３は車体２の前後に取り付けら
れるアクスル、４はアクスル３により駆動される左右の
車輪を示している。前方のアクスル３は、車体２と一点
でピンジョイント５により結合され、後方のアクスル３
は、車体２と直接結合されている。2. Description of the Related Art In a work vehicle that moves on wheels with tires, such as a wheel shovel or a wheel loader, an axle for driving the wheels and a vehicle body are directly connected to each other, or they are connected to each other by a pin joint. 2 and 3 show an example of a work vehicle of this type which has been conventionally known. FIG. 2 is a front view schematically showing a main part of this type of work vehicle, and FIG. 3 is a side view thereof. In these figures, 1
Is a work vehicle, 2 is a vehicle body, 3 is an axle mounted in front of and behind the vehicle body 2, and 4 is left and right wheels driven by the axle 3. The front axle 3 is connected to the vehicle body 2 at one point by a pin joint 5, and the rear axle 3
Are directly connected to the vehicle body 2.
【０００３】本例の作業車両１は、前方のアクスル３を
ピンジョイント５を介して車体２と結合することによ
り、未舗装地における４つの車輪の接地性が高められ、
かつ後方のアクスル３を車体２と直接結合することによ
り、作業車両の曲折走行時における車体２のローリング
剛性が保持される。In the work vehicle 1 of this example, the front axle 3 is connected to the vehicle body 2 via the pin joint 5, so that the groundability of the four wheels on the unpaved land is improved.
In addition, by directly connecting the rear axle 3 to the vehicle body 2, the rolling rigidity of the vehicle body 2 is maintained when the work vehicle bends.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、従来におけ
る作業車両１における車輪４は、作業現場において移動
することを主眼としており、仮に道路を移動する場合で
あっても低速で移動することを前提としていた。しか
し、近年、作業車両１を一般道路で走行移動させる機会
が多くなってきたことに伴い、他の車両の走行を円滑に
して道路渋滞を防止するため、作業車両１に高速走行性
が求められるようになっている。By the way, the wheels 4 of the conventional work vehicle 1 are mainly intended to move at a work site, and are assumed to move at a low speed even when moving on a road. I was there. However, in recent years, with the increase in opportunities to move the work vehicle 1 on a general road, the work vehicle 1 is required to have high-speed drivability in order to smoothly run other vehicles and prevent road congestion. It is like this.
【０００５】しかるに、車体２とアクスル３との間にサ
スペンションを備えない従来の作業車両１を高速走行さ
せると、路面の凹凸による車輪４の上下動が直接車体２
へ伝わり、オペレータの乗り心地が極度に悪化するばか
りでなく、車輪４に付されたタイヤの弾性により車体２
が共振してバウンスしやすくなり、路面との接地が悪く
なったり、作業車両１の操縦安定性に悪影響を及ぼすと
いう問題があった。However, when the conventional work vehicle 1 having no suspension between the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 is driven at high speed, the vertical movement of the wheels 4 due to the unevenness of the road surface directly affects the vehicle body 2.
Not only is the ride comfort of the operator extremely deteriorated, but also the elasticity of the tires attached to the wheels 4 causes the vehicle body 2 to move.
However, there are problems in that the vehicle resonates easily and bounces easily, the ground contact with the road surface becomes poor, and the steering stability of the work vehicle 1 is adversely affected.
【０００６】このような問題を排除するためには、自動
車等に採用されているものと同形式のサスペンションを
車体２とアクスル３との間に介在させることが考えられ
る。ところが、自動車等に採用されているものと同形式
のサスペンションは、車体重量の変化に応じて収縮又は
伸張し車体２が傾斜するため、作業に応じて重量が異な
る各種の作業装置が車体に取り付けられる作業車両には
採用しがたい。In order to eliminate such a problem, it is conceivable to interpose between the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 a suspension of the same type as used in automobiles and the like. However, a suspension of the same type as that used in an automobile or the like contracts or expands in response to changes in the weight of the vehicle body and inclines the vehicle body 2. Therefore, various work devices having different weights depending on the work are attached to the vehicle body. It is difficult to use for the work vehicles that are used.
【０００７】即ち、例えばホイールショベルの作業機構
（以下、フロント部という）には、通常バケットが取り
付けられ掘削作業に供されるが、破砕作業等の作業を行
う場合には、フロント部にバケットよりも大重量のブレ
ーカやクラッシャ等が取り付けられる。したがって、図
４に示すように、フロント部６にバケット７が取り付け
られた状態で車体２が水平になるようにサスペンション
（図示省略）を調整すると、フロント部６に大重量のブ
レーカやクラッシャ等８を取り付けた場合、図５に示す
ように車体２が前傾する。このように車体２が前傾する
と、オペレータが前傾姿勢のままで作業車両１の運転を
行わざるを得なくなるため、心理的及び肉体的に安全な
運転操作を行うことが困難になるばかりでなく、急ブレ
ーキ操作時や坂道を下るときに前方に転倒しやすく危険
である。したがって、この種のサスペンションは、作業
車両には採用しがたい。That is, for example, a work mechanism of a wheel shovel (hereinafter referred to as a front portion) is usually provided with a bucket and is used for excavation work. However, when performing work such as crushing work, the bucket is attached to the front part from the bucket. A heavy breaker or crusher can be attached. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, when a suspension (not shown) is adjusted so that the vehicle body 2 becomes horizontal while the bucket 7 is attached to the front portion 6, a heavy breaker, crusher, or the like 8 is attached to the front portion 6. When the vehicle body is attached, the vehicle body 2 leans forward as shown in FIG. When the vehicle body 2 leans forward in this way, the operator is forced to drive the work vehicle 1 in a forward leaning posture, which makes it difficult to perform a psychologically and physically safe driving operation. Without it, it is dangerous to fall forward when suddenly braking or going down a slope. Therefore, this type of suspension is difficult to employ in work vehicles.
【０００８】また、他の手段としては、油圧シリンダ
と、蓄圧器と、油圧源と、圧油の流れを切り換える弁装
置と、これらを連結する配管と、弁装置の動作を制御す
る制御装置等からなるハイドロサスペンションを車体２
とアクスル３との間に介在させる方法も考えられる。こ
の方法によれば、車体２に掛かる荷重の大きさに応じて
油圧シリンダの長さを適宜調整できるので、車体２が前
傾するという問題を回避できる。しかしながら、この種
のハイドロサスペンションは、装置が大型でかつ配管も
複雑になるため、自動車等と同様に１つのアクスルの左
右に１つずつ設けると、構造が大型化及び複雑化して、
サスペンション回りの設計が困難になり、作業車両もコ
スト高になる。Further, as other means, a hydraulic cylinder, a pressure accumulator, a hydraulic pressure source, a valve device for switching the flow of pressure oil, a pipe connecting them, a control device for controlling the operation of the valve device, etc. A hydro suspension consisting of a car body 2
It is also conceivable to interpose it between the vehicle and the axle 3. According to this method, the length of the hydraulic cylinder can be appropriately adjusted according to the magnitude of the load applied to the vehicle body 2, so that the problem that the vehicle body 2 leans forward can be avoided. However, this kind of hydro suspension has a large device and complicated piping. Therefore, if one hydro suspension is provided on the left and right of one axle as in automobiles, the structure becomes large and complicated.
Designing around the suspension becomes difficult, and the cost of the work vehicle becomes high.
【０００９】本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の課題を解
決し、構造が簡単で安価に実施可能な高速走行性及び作
業時の安定性に優れた作業車両の懸架装置を提供するこ
とにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to provide a suspension system for a work vehicle which has a simple structure and can be implemented at a low cost, and has excellent high-speed running performance and stability during work. .
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
め、本発明は、作業機構を備えた車体と、この車体の前
後に取り付けられたアクスルと、これらの各アクスルに
より駆動される左右のタイヤ付き車輪とで構成される作
業車両において、前記２つのアクスルのうちの少なくと
もいずれか一方のアクスルの中心と前記車体との間に油
圧シリンダを回転可能に結合すると共に、当該油圧シリ
ンダが結合されたアクスルの油圧シリンダ結合部と前記
車体の油圧シリンダ結合部外との間にリンクを回転可能
に結合し、さらに前記油圧シリンダが結合されたアクス
ルと前記車体との間に両者の間隔を検出する距離検出器
を設け、前記油圧シリンダには、配管及び弁装置を介し
て油圧源及び圧油タンクを接続し、かつ前記油圧シリン
ダと弁装置とを接続する配管には、絞りを介して蓄圧器
を接続すると共に、前記距離検出器には、当該検出器の
出力信号を入力して、前記弁装置に対して動作信号を出
力し、前記油圧シリンダが結合されたアクスルと前記車
体との間隔を一定に保つ方向に圧油を給排する制御装置
を接続した。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a vehicle body provided with a working mechanism, axles attached to the front and rear of the vehicle body, and left and right wheels driven by these axles. In a work vehicle including wheels with tires, a hydraulic cylinder is rotatably coupled between the center of at least one of the two axles and the vehicle body, and the hydraulic cylinder is coupled. A link is rotatably coupled between the hydraulic cylinder coupling portion of the axle and the outside of the hydraulic cylinder coupling portion of the vehicle body, and the distance between the axle and the vehicle body coupled with the hydraulic cylinder is detected. A distance detector is provided, a hydraulic pressure source and a pressure oil tank are connected to the hydraulic cylinder via piping and a valve device, and the hydraulic cylinder and the valve device are connected. A pressure accumulator is connected to the pipe through the throttle, and the distance detector receives the output signal of the detector and outputs an operation signal to the valve device, and the hydraulic cylinder A control device for supplying and discharging pressure oil was connected in a direction for keeping a constant distance between the coupled axle and the vehicle body.
【００１１】[0011]
【作用】アクスルの中心と車体との間に油圧シリンダを
回転可能に結合すると共に、アクスルの油圧シリンダ結
合部と車体の油圧シリンダ結合部外との間にリンクを回
転可能に結合すると、１つの油圧シリンダと１つのリン
クとで車体を強固に支承することができる。したがっ
て、１つのアクスルに２つの油圧シリンダを結合する場
合に比べて、サスペンションの構造を極めて簡単なもの
とすることができ、サスペンション回りの設計を容易化
できると共に、作業車両の製造コスト高を低減できる。
もちろん、アクスルと車体とが油圧シリンダ及びリンク
を介して回転可能に結合されているので、未舗装地にお
いて常時４輪が等分に接地され、作業の安全性が確保さ
れる。また、走行時においては、油圧シリンダが路面の
凹凸に応じて伸縮し、その都度蓄圧器との間で圧油の出
し入れが行われるので、それによって車体の振動が吸収
され、作業車両の安定な高速走行が可能になる。さら
に、アクスルと車体との間の間隔を検出する距離検出器
と当該検出器の出力信号に基づいて圧油の給排を制御し
アクスルと車体との間隔を一定に保つ制御装置を備えた
ので、例えば車体のフロント部に作用する重量の大小等
に応じて弁装置を切り換え、油圧シリンダへの圧油の給
排を制御することによって、作業車両の姿勢を常時平行
に保持できる。よって、オペレータの良好な作業姿勢が
確保されると共に、急ブレーキ時の転倒等も防止され
る。When the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected between the center of the axle and the vehicle body and the link is rotatably connected between the hydraulic cylinder connecting portion of the axle and the outside of the hydraulic cylinder connecting portion of the vehicle body, The vehicle body can be firmly supported by the hydraulic cylinder and one link. Therefore, compared with the case where two hydraulic cylinders are connected to one axle, the structure of the suspension can be made extremely simple, the design around the suspension can be facilitated, and the manufacturing cost of the work vehicle can be reduced. it can.
Of course, since the axle and the vehicle body are rotatably coupled to each other via the hydraulic cylinder and the link, the four wheels are always equally grounded on the unpaved land, and the safety of the work is ensured. Further, during traveling, the hydraulic cylinder expands and contracts according to the unevenness of the road surface, and pressure oil is taken in and out of the accumulator each time, so that vibrations of the vehicle body are absorbed thereby and the work vehicle is stabilized. High speed running becomes possible. Furthermore, since a distance detector that detects the distance between the axle and the vehicle body and a control device that controls the supply and discharge of pressure oil based on the output signal of the detector to keep the distance between the axle and the vehicle body constant are provided. For example, the posture of the work vehicle can be always maintained in parallel by switching the valve device according to the magnitude of the weight acting on the front portion of the vehicle body and controlling the supply and discharge of the pressure oil to and from the hydraulic cylinder. Therefore, a good working posture of the operator can be secured, and the fall or the like at the time of sudden braking can be prevented.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】図１に、実施例に係る作業車両の懸架装置を
示す。この図において、１１は油圧シリンダ、１２はリ
ンク、１３は連結ピン、１４は距離検出器、１５は配
管、１６は弁装置、１７は油圧源、１８は圧油タンク、
１９は絞り、２０は蓄圧器、２１は制御装置を示し、そ
の他前出の図２及び図３と等価な部分には、それと同一
の符号が表示されている。FIG. 1 shows a suspension system for a work vehicle according to an embodiment. In this figure, 11 is a hydraulic cylinder, 12 is a link, 13 is a connecting pin, 14 is a distance detector, 15 is piping, 16 is a valve device, 17 is a hydraulic power source, 18 is a pressure oil tank,
Reference numeral 19 is a throttle, 20 is a pressure accumulator, 21 is a control device, and other parts equivalent to those in FIGS. 2 and 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
【００１３】油圧シリンダ１１は、アクスル３の中心と
車体２との間に、連結ピン１３を介して回転可能に結合
される。また、リンク１２は、一端が前記アクスル３の
油圧シリンダ結合部に連結ピン１３を介して同軸かつ回
転可能に結合されると共に、他端が前記車体２の油圧シ
リンダ結合部外に連結ピン１３を介して回転可能に結合
される。なお、これらの油圧シリンダ１１及びリンク１
２は、車体２の前後に取り付けられる２つのアクスルと
車体との間に設けることもできるし、これら２つのアク
スルのうちのいずれか一方と車体との間に設けることも
できる。The hydraulic cylinder 11 is rotatably connected via a connecting pin 13 between the center of the axle 3 and the vehicle body 2. The link 12 has one end coaxially and rotatably coupled to the hydraulic cylinder coupling portion of the axle 3 via a coupling pin 13, and the other end having the coupling pin 13 outside the hydraulic cylinder coupling portion of the vehicle body 2. Rotatably coupled via. Incidentally, these hydraulic cylinder 11 and link 1
2 can be provided between the vehicle body and two axles attached to the front and rear of the vehicle body 2, or can be provided between any one of these two axles and the vehicle body.
【００１４】油圧シリンダ１１の圧油室１１ａには、配
管１５を介して弁装置１６が接続され、該弁装置１６の
給油ポート１６ａ及び排油ポート１６ｂにはそれぞれ油
圧源１７及び圧油タンク１８が接続される。弁装置１６
は、いわゆる電磁切換弁をもって構成されており、ソレ
ノイド１６ｃ又は１６ｄに印加される信号を選択的に切
り換えることによって、給油側１６ｅ又は排油側１６ｆ
に切り換えられる。A valve device 16 is connected to the pressure oil chamber 11a of the hydraulic cylinder 11 via a pipe 15. The oil supply port 16a and the oil discharge port 16b of the valve device 16 have a hydraulic pressure source 17 and a pressure oil tank 18, respectively. Are connected. Valve device 16
Is constituted by a so-called electromagnetic switching valve, and selectively switches the signal applied to the solenoid 16c or 16d, so that the oil supply side 16e or the oil discharge side 16f can be obtained.
Is switched to.
【００１５】蓄圧器２０は、前記油圧シリンダ１１と弁
装置１６とを接続する配管１５に、絞り１９を介して接
続される。蓄圧器２０は、内部に封入されたガスの圧縮
弾性によって、油圧シリンダ１１にばね機能をもたせる
ものであって、油圧シリンダ１１に圧縮方向の外力が加
わった場合には、圧油室１１ａ内の圧力を吸収して油圧
シリンダ１１の収縮を許容し、外力を吸収する。反対
に、油圧シリンダ１１に引張方向の外力が加わった場合
には、圧油室１１ａ内に圧力を供給して油圧シリンダ１
１の伸張を許容し、外力を吸収する。なお、油圧シリン
ダ１１の圧力の変化とシリンダストロークとの関係は、
蓄圧器２０に蓄圧されるガスの圧縮弾性を変更すること
によって、適宜調整される。絞り１９は、油圧シリンダ
１１と蓄圧器２０との間でやりとりされる圧油の流れを
制限するものであって、高速走行時に生じる振動周期が
短い油圧シリンダ１１のストローク変化を減衰する機能
を有し、油圧シリンダ１１にダンパとしての機能をもた
せている。The pressure accumulator 20 is connected to the pipe 15 connecting the hydraulic cylinder 11 and the valve device 16 via a throttle 19. The pressure accumulator 20 makes the hydraulic cylinder 11 have a spring function by the compression elasticity of the gas enclosed therein, and when an external force in the compression direction is applied to the hydraulic cylinder 11, the pressure oil chamber 11 a It absorbs pressure to allow the hydraulic cylinder 11 to contract, and absorbs external force. On the contrary, when an external force in the pulling direction is applied to the hydraulic cylinder 11, the pressure is supplied to the hydraulic oil chamber 11a so that the hydraulic cylinder 1
Allows extension of 1 and absorbs external force. The relationship between the change in pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 11 and the cylinder stroke is
It is appropriately adjusted by changing the compression elasticity of the gas accumulated in the pressure accumulator 20. The throttle 19 limits the flow of pressure oil exchanged between the hydraulic cylinder 11 and the pressure accumulator 20, and has a function of attenuating the stroke change of the hydraulic cylinder 11 having a short vibration cycle during high-speed traveling. However, the hydraulic cylinder 11 has a function as a damper.
【００１６】距離検出器１４は、車体２と前記油圧シリ
ンダ１１が結合されたアクスル３との間隔を検出するも
のであって、油圧シリンダ１１のストロークを検出する
ストロークセンサが好適に用いられる。The distance detector 14 detects the distance between the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 to which the hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected, and a stroke sensor for detecting the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is preferably used.
【００１７】制御装置２１は、距離検出器１４の出力信
号ａを入力してそれに応じた弁装置１６の動作信号ｂ，
ｃをソレノイド１６ｃ又は１６ｄに出力し、弁装置１６
を給油側１６ｅ又は排油側１６ｆに切り換えて、常時ア
クスル４に対して車体２を水平に保持する。図示の例で
は、図に直接描かれている特性を備えた２つの関数発生
器２１ａ及び２１ｂから、制御装置２１が構成されてい
る。この特性図において、横軸は距離検出器１４の出力
信号値ａであり、縦軸は制御装置２１の出力信号値ｂ又
はｃである。縦軸は、距離検出器１４の出力信号値の予
め定められた基準値Ｏを通るように目盛られている。The control device 21 receives the output signal a of the distance detector 14 and operates in response to the operation signal b of the valve device 16,
c to the solenoid 16c or 16d to output the valve device 16
Is switched to the oil supply side 16e or the oil discharge side 16f to constantly hold the vehicle body 2 horizontally with respect to the axle 4. In the example shown, the control device 21 is composed of two function generators 21a and 21b with the characteristics depicted directly in the figure. In this characteristic diagram, the horizontal axis represents the output signal value a of the distance detector 14, and the vertical axis represents the output signal value b or c of the control device 21. The vertical axis is scaled so as to pass through a predetermined reference value O of the output signal value of the distance detector 14.
【００１８】制御装置２１は、車体２とアクスル３との
距離が前記基準値Ｏに対応する所定距離以下になると、
関数発生器２１ａから信号ｂを出力し、弁装置１６を給
油側１６ｅに切り換える。これとは逆に、車体２とアク
スル３との距離が所定距離を超えると、制御装置２１
は、関数発生器２１ｂから信号ｃを出力し、弁装置１６
を排油側１６ｆに切り換える。When the distance between the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 becomes equal to or less than the predetermined distance corresponding to the reference value O, the control device 21
The signal b is output from the function generator 21a, and the valve device 16 is switched to the refueling side 16e. On the contrary, when the distance between the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 exceeds the predetermined distance, the control device 21
Outputs the signal c from the function generator 21b, and the valve device 16
Is switched to the oil discharge side 16f.
【００１９】以下、前記実施例に係る作業車両の懸架装
置の動作について説明する。The operation of the suspension system for a working vehicle according to the above embodiment will be described below.
【００２０】車体２が静止した状態では、油圧シリンダ
１１と蓄圧器２０の圧力は同一であり、車体２は予め設
定された水平状態を保持している。作業車両が走行する
と、路面の凹凸により車輪４が上下動し、これに応じて
アクスル３を介して油圧シリンダ１１が伸縮する。油圧
シリンダ１１が伸長すると圧油室１１ａの圧力は減少
し、縮むと圧油室１１ａの圧力は増加する。圧油室１１
ａの圧力が減少すると、蓄圧器２０から圧油室１１ａに
圧油が供給され、逆に圧油室１１ａの圧力が増加する
と、圧油室１１ａから排出された圧油が蓄圧器１４に蓄
圧される。このような油圧シリンダ１１と蓄圧器１４と
の間の圧油の供給又は蓄積により、路面の凹凸に起因し
て油圧シリンダ１１に作用する外力が吸収され、車体２
への振動の伝達が緩和される。When the vehicle body 2 is stationary, the hydraulic cylinder 11 and the pressure accumulator 20 have the same pressure, and the vehicle body 2 maintains a preset horizontal state. When the work vehicle travels, the wheels 4 move up and down due to the unevenness of the road surface, and accordingly, the hydraulic cylinder 11 expands and contracts via the axle 3. When the hydraulic cylinder 11 extends, the pressure in the pressure oil chamber 11a decreases, and when it contracts, the pressure in the pressure oil chamber 11a increases. Pressure oil chamber 11
When the pressure of a decreases, pressure oil is supplied from the pressure accumulator 20 to the pressure oil chamber 11a, and conversely, when the pressure of the pressure oil chamber 11a increases, the pressure oil discharged from the pressure oil chamber 11a accumulates in the pressure accumulator 14. To be done. By supplying or accumulating the pressure oil between the hydraulic cylinder 11 and the pressure accumulator 14, the external force acting on the hydraulic cylinder 11 due to the unevenness of the road surface is absorbed, and the vehicle body 2
The transmission of vibrations to is reduced.
【００２１】また、作業中において、例えばフロント部
に軽量のバケットに代えて大重量のブレーカ又はクラッ
シャが取り付けられると、車体２がその重量によって前
傾する。車体２とアクスル３の間隔は、距離検出器１４
によって検出される。車体２とアクスル３との距離が制
御装置２１に予め設定された基準値に対応する所定距離
以下になると、関数発生器２１ａから信号ｂが出力さ
れ、弁装置１６が給油側１６ｅに切り換えられる。これ
により、油圧源１７からの圧油が配管１５を通って圧油
室１１ａへ供給され、油圧シリンダ１１を伸長させて車
体２とアクスル３との距離を所定距離に戻す。距離が当
該所定距離まで復帰すると、弁装置１６は図示の中立位
置に戻り、作業車両１の姿勢を水平に保持する。If a heavy-weight breaker or crusher is attached to the front portion instead of a lightweight bucket during work, the vehicle body 2 leans forward due to its weight. The distance between the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 is determined by the distance detector 14
Detected by. When the distance between the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 becomes equal to or less than the predetermined distance corresponding to the reference value preset in the control device 21, the function generator 21a outputs the signal b, and the valve device 16 is switched to the refueling side 16e. As a result, pressure oil from the hydraulic pressure source 17 is supplied to the pressure oil chamber 11a through the pipe 15, and the hydraulic cylinder 11 is extended to return the distance between the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 to a predetermined distance. When the distance returns to the predetermined distance, the valve device 16 returns to the neutral position shown in the drawing, and holds the posture of the work vehicle 1 horizontally.
【００２２】上記とは逆に、例えばフロント部に大重量
のブレーカ又はクラッシャに代えて軽量のバケットが取
り付けられると、車体２のフロント側がその重量変化に
応じて浮き上がる。このときの車体２とアクスル３の間
隔も、距離検出器１４によって検出される。車体２とア
クスル３との距離が所定距離を超えると、関数発生器２
１ｂから信号ｃが出力され、弁装置１６が排油側１６ｆ
に切り換えられる。これにより、圧油室１１ａと圧油タ
ンク１８とが連通して圧油室１１ａ内の圧油が排出さ
れ、油圧シリンダ１１が縮んで車体２とアクスル３との
距離が所定距離に戻され、作業車両１の水平が保持され
る。Contrary to the above, for example, when a lightweight bucket is attached to the front portion instead of a heavy breaker or crusher, the front side of the vehicle body 2 floats up according to the weight change. The distance between the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 at this time is also detected by the distance detector 14. When the distance between the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 exceeds a predetermined distance, the function generator 2
The signal c is output from 1b, and the valve device 16 is placed on the oil drain side 16f.
Is switched to. As a result, the pressure oil chamber 11a and the pressure oil tank 18 communicate with each other, the pressure oil in the pressure oil chamber 11a is discharged, the hydraulic cylinder 11 contracts, and the distance between the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 is returned to a predetermined distance. The horizontal position of the work vehicle 1 is maintained.
【００２３】以下に、本実施例に係る作業車両の懸架装
置の技術的効果を列挙する。The technical effects of the suspension system for a work vehicle according to this embodiment will be listed below.
【００２４】本例の作業車両の懸架装置は、アクスル
３の中心と車体２との間に油圧シリンダ１１を回転可能
に結合すると共に、アクスル３の油圧シリンダ結合部と
車体２の油圧シリンダ結合部外との間にリンク１２を回
転可能に結合したので、１つの油圧シリンダ１１と１つ
のリンク１２とで車体２を強固に支承することができ
る。したがって、１つのアクスルに２つの油圧シリンダ
を結合する場合に比べて、サスペンションの構造を極め
て簡単なものとすることができ、サスペンション回りの
設計を容易化できると共に、作業車両１の製造コストを
低減できる。In the suspension system for a working vehicle of this example, a hydraulic cylinder 11 is rotatably connected between the center of the axle 3 and the vehicle body 2, and a hydraulic cylinder connecting portion of the axle 3 and a hydraulic cylinder connecting portion of the vehicle body 2 are connected. Since the link 12 is rotatably connected to the outside, the vehicle body 2 can be firmly supported by the one hydraulic cylinder 11 and the one link 12. Therefore, compared with the case where two hydraulic cylinders are connected to one axle, the structure of the suspension can be made extremely simple, the design around the suspension can be facilitated, and the manufacturing cost of the work vehicle 1 can be reduced. it can.
【００２５】本例の作業車両の懸架装置は、車体２と
アクスル３とを油圧シリンダ１１及びリンク１２を介し
て回転可能に結合したので、路面の形状に応じてアクス
ル３を車体２に対して適宜回動することができ、未舗装
地において常時４輪を等分に接地させることができる。
よって、４輪の接地不良に基づく作業車両の転倒が防止
され、作業の安全性が確保される。In the suspension system for a work vehicle of this example, the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 are rotatably connected via the hydraulic cylinder 11 and the link 12, so that the axle 3 is attached to the vehicle body 2 in accordance with the shape of the road surface. It can be rotated appropriately, and it is possible to always ground the four wheels equally in an unpaved land.
Therefore, the work vehicle is prevented from tipping over due to poor grounding of the four wheels, and work safety is ensured.
【００２６】本例の作業車両の懸架装置は、油圧シリ
ンダ１１と弁装置１６とを接続する配管１５に、絞り１
７を介して蓄圧器２０を接続したので、油圧シリンダ１
１にばね機能とダンパ機能をもたせることができる。し
たがって、走行時に路面の凹凸に応じて発生する振動を
吸収することができ、作業車両の高速走行性を高めるこ
とができる。In the suspension system for a work vehicle of this example, a throttle 1 is connected to a pipe 15 connecting a hydraulic cylinder 11 and a valve device 16.
Since the pressure accumulator 20 is connected via 7, the hydraulic cylinder 1
1 can have a spring function and a damper function. Therefore, it is possible to absorb the vibration generated according to the unevenness of the road surface during traveling, and it is possible to enhance the high-speed traveling property of the work vehicle.
【００２７】本例の作業車両の懸架装置は、車体２と
アクスル３の間隔を検出する距離検出器１４と当該検出
器の出力信号に基づいて油圧シリンダ１１への圧油の給
排を制御する制御装置２１とを備えたので、例えば車体
のフロント部に作用する重量の大小等に応じて弁装置１
６を切り換え、油圧シリンダ１１への圧油の給排を制御
することによって、作業車両１の姿勢を常時平行に保持
できる。よって、オペレータの良好な作業姿勢が確保で
きると共に、急ブレーキ時の転倒等も防止することがで
きる。The suspension system for a working vehicle of this example controls the supply and discharge of pressure oil to and from the hydraulic cylinder 11 based on the distance detector 14 for detecting the distance between the vehicle body 2 and the axle 3 and the output signal of the detector. Since the control device 21 is provided, for example, the valve device 1 according to the size of the weight acting on the front portion of the vehicle body.
By switching 6 and controlling the supply and discharge of the pressure oil to and from the hydraulic cylinder 11, the posture of the work vehicle 1 can always be maintained in parallel. Therefore, it is possible to ensure a good working posture of the operator, and also to prevent the operator from falling over during sudden braking.
【００２８】なお、前記実施例においては、制御装置２
１として、図１の特性を有する関数発生器２１ａ，２１
ｂからなるものを用いたが、関数発生器２１ａ，２１ｂ
の特性は図示のものに限定されるものではなく、他の任
意の特性を有するもの、例えば基準値を中心として所定
の不感帯を有するものを用いることもできる。また、関
数発生器２１ａ，２１ｂに代えて、適当な記憶装置を用
いることもできる。In the above embodiment, the control device 2
1, the function generators 21a, 21 having the characteristics shown in FIG.
However, the function generators 21a and 21b are used.
The characteristic of is not limited to the one shown in the drawing, and a characteristic having any other characteristic, for example, a characteristic having a predetermined dead zone around the reference value can be used. Further, instead of the function generators 21a and 21b, an appropriate storage device can be used.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によると、
車体とアクスルとを１つの油圧シリンダと１つのリンク
とで連結するようにしたので、１つのアクスルに２つの
油圧シリンダを結合する場合に比べてサスペンションの
構造を極めて簡単なものとすることができ、サスペンシ
ョン回りの設計を容易化できると共に、作業車両の製造
コストを低減できる。また、車体とアクスルとを回転可
能に結合したので、未舗装地においても４輪を常時等分
に接地させることができる。さらに、油圧シリンダにば
ね機能とダンパ機能とをもたせるたので、路面の凹凸に
応じて発生する車体の振動を有効に緩和でき、作業車両
の高速走行性を高めることができる。加えて、車体とア
クスルとの間隔を一定に保つようにしたので、作業車両
の姿勢を常時平行に保持でき、オペレータの良好な作業
姿勢が確保されると共に、急ブレーキ時の転倒等も防止
される。As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the vehicle body and the axle are connected by one hydraulic cylinder and one link, the suspension structure can be made extremely simple compared to the case where two hydraulic cylinders are connected to one axle. The design around the suspension can be facilitated, and the manufacturing cost of the work vehicle can be reduced. Further, since the vehicle body and the axle are rotatably connected, it is possible to always ground the four wheels evenly even on an unpaved land. Further, since the hydraulic cylinder is provided with the spring function and the damper function, it is possible to effectively alleviate the vibration of the vehicle body that occurs due to the unevenness of the road surface, and it is possible to enhance the high-speed running performance of the work vehicle. In addition, since the distance between the vehicle body and the axle is kept constant, the posture of the work vehicle can always be held in parallel, a good work posture of the operator can be ensured, and falls etc. during sudden braking can be prevented. It
【図１】実施例に係る作業車両の懸架装置の構成図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a suspension device for a work vehicle according to an embodiment.
【図２】従来例に係る作業車両の懸架装置を模式的に示
す正面図である。FIG. 2 is a front view schematically showing a suspension device for a work vehicle according to a conventional example.
【図３】図２に示す作業車両の側面図である。3 is a side view of the work vehicle shown in FIG. 2. FIG.
【図４】従来例に係るホイールショベルの正常時の側面
図である。FIG. 4 is a side view of a conventional wheel shovel in a normal state.
【図５】従来例に係るホイールショベルの不都合発生時
の側面図である。FIG. 5 is a side view of a conventional wheel shovel when a problem occurs.
１ 作業車両 ２ 車体 ３ アクスル ４ 車輪 １１ 油圧シリンダ １２ リンク １３ 連結ピン １４ 距離検出器 １５ 配管 １６ 弁装置 １７ 油圧源 １８ 圧油タンク １９ 絞り ２０ 蓄圧器 ２１ 制御装置 1 Work Vehicle 2 Body 3 Axle 4 Wheel 11 Hydraulic Cylinder 12 Link 13 Linking Pin 14 Distance Detector 15 Piping 16 Valve Device 17 Hydraulic Source 18 Pressure Oil Tank 19 Throttle 20 Accumulator 21 Control Device
Claims (1)
後に取り付けられたアクスルと、これらの各アクスルに
より駆動される左右のタイヤ付き車輪とで構成される作
業車両において、 前記２つのアクスルのうちの少なくともいずれか一方の
アクスルの中心と前記車体との間に油圧シリンダを回転
可能に結合すると共に、当該油圧シリンダが結合された
アクスルの油圧シリンダ結合部と前記車体の油圧シリン
ダ結合部外との間にリンクを回転可能に結合し、さらに
前記油圧シリンダが結合されたアクスルと前記車体との
間に両者の間隔を検出する距離検出器を設け、 前記油圧シリンダには、配管及び弁装置を介して油圧源
及び圧油タンクを接続し、かつ前記油圧シリンダと弁装
置とを接続する配管には、絞りを介して蓄圧器を接続す
ると共に、前記距離検出器には、当該検出器の出力信号
を入力して、前記弁装置に対して動作信号を出力し、前
記油圧シリンダが結合されたアクスルと前記車体との間
隔を一定に保つ方向に圧油を給排する制御装置を接続し
たことを特徴とする作業車両の懸架装置。1. A work vehicle comprising a vehicle body having a work mechanism, axles attached to the front and rear of the vehicle body, and wheels with tires on the left and right that are driven by these axles. A hydraulic cylinder is rotatably coupled between the center of at least one of the axles and the vehicle body, and a hydraulic cylinder coupling portion of the axle to which the hydraulic cylinder is coupled and a hydraulic cylinder coupling portion of the vehicle body. A link is rotatably connected to the hydraulic cylinder, and a distance detector is provided between the axle to which the hydraulic cylinder is connected and the vehicle body to detect a distance between the two. A hydraulic pressure source and a pressure oil tank are connected via a pipe, and a pressure accumulator is connected to a pipe connecting the hydraulic cylinder and the valve device via a throttle. An output signal of the detector is input to the distance detector, an operation signal is output to the valve device, and the distance between the axle to which the hydraulic cylinder is connected and the vehicle body is kept constant. A suspension device for a work vehicle, to which a control device for supplying and discharging pressurized oil is connected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19966594A JPH0858343A (en) | 1994-08-24 | 1994-08-24 | Suspension device for working vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19966594A JPH0858343A (en) | 1994-08-24 | 1994-08-24 | Suspension device for working vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0858343A true JPH0858343A (en) | 1996-03-05 |
Family
ID=16411595
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19966594A Pending JPH0858343A (en) | 1994-08-24 | 1994-08-24 | Suspension device for working vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0858343A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009107258A1 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-03 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Controller of industrial vehicle and industrial vehicle mounting the same |
-
1994
- 1994-08-24 JP JP19966594A patent/JPH0858343A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009107258A1 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-03 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Controller of industrial vehicle and industrial vehicle mounting the same |
| JP2009202743A (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Controller for industrial vehicle and industrial vehicle having the same |
| EP2261092A1 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2010-12-15 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Controller of industrial vehicle and industrial vehicle mounting the same |
| EP2261092A4 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2011-08-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Controller of industrial vehicle and industrial vehicle mounting the same |
| US8651589B2 (en) | 2008-02-27 | 2014-02-18 | Mitsubishi Nichiyu Forklift Co., Ltd. | Control device of industrial vehicle, and industrial vehicle loaded with the device |
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