JPH0852720A - Manufacture of clay tile - Google Patents
Manufacture of clay tileInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0852720A JPH0852720A JP19078294A JP19078294A JPH0852720A JP H0852720 A JPH0852720 A JP H0852720A JP 19078294 A JP19078294 A JP 19078294A JP 19078294 A JP19078294 A JP 19078294A JP H0852720 A JPH0852720 A JP H0852720A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- clay
- raw material
- tile
- glaze
- kneading
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、粘土瓦の製造方法に係
り、特に、従来、原料として利用することのできなかっ
た代替原料や不良廃品瓦を利用し省資源を図った粘土瓦
の製造方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing clay roof tiles, and more particularly to the production of clay roof tiles by utilizing alternative raw materials and defective waste tiles that could not be used as raw materials in the past. It is about the method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、粘土瓦の製造方法は、図６に示す
ように、原料となる粘土を採掘後に約１ケ月程度野積し
て放置し、自然乾燥して水分の均一化を図ってから、ロ
ールクラッシャなどの破砕機で、例えば、２５０μｍパ
ス９５％程度（すなわち、最大粒子径は５００〜７００
μｍ）に破砕する破砕工程の後、水を加えてスクリーン
・フィーダなどの混練機で混練する加水・混練工程を経
て再び前述したと同一の粒子径となるようロールクラッ
シャで再破砕する破砕工程を実施する。その後、２軸の
スクリュで加圧して縁端のダイス・スリットより押出す
押出機により連続した平板状の成形体を形成する成形工
程を経て、所要の瓦寸法に切断し、屋根瓦形状に湾曲成
形する切断・プレス工程を施工し、トンネル型の連続乾
燥機内を通過させて所要の含有水分になるよう乾燥工程
の後、液体状の釉薬に入った貯槽内を懸架して浸漬した
まま移動する自動施釉機を通過したあと、焼成炉に入れ
て１２００〜１３００℃の高温で焼成する焼成工程を経
て製品としての屋根瓦が製造され、検査工程により曲げ
試験その他の検査の後、合格品は出荷される。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 6, the conventional method for producing clay roof tiles is to leave the soil as a raw material for about one month after digging, allowing it to dry naturally and then homogenizing the water content. With a crusher such as a roll crusher, for example, about 250% pass 95% (that is, the maximum particle size is 500 to 700).
After the crushing step of crushing to (μm), the crushing step of adding water and kneading with a kneader such as a screen feeder and then crushing again with a roll crusher to obtain the same particle size as described above is performed again. carry out. After that, through a molding process in which a flat plate-shaped molded body is formed by an extruder that pressurizes with a biaxial screw and extrudes through a die / slit at the edge, cut into the required tile size and bend into a roof tile shape. A cutting and pressing process for forming is performed, and after passing through a tunnel type continuous dryer to obtain the required water content, after the drying process, it is suspended in a storage tank filled with liquid glaze and moved while immersed. After passing through the automatic glaze machine, the roof tile as a product is manufactured through a firing process in which it is placed in a firing furnace and fired at a high temperature of 1200 to 1300 ° C. After a bending test and other inspections in the inspection process, the acceptable products are shipped. To be done.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、近年、
瓦の原料となる粘土が年々減少し枯渇化の一途を辿って
おり、また、粘土を産出する採掘現場が次第に奥地に移
動することにより、原料コストの上昇を招くなどの難点
が生じている。したがって、瓦の原料として粘土のみに
頼ることなく、粘土と混ぜ合わせて利用することのでき
る代替原料やその他の原料の要求が次第に高まってき
た。However, in recent years,
The clay used as the raw material for roof tiles is decreasing year by year and is becoming depleted, and the mining site that produces the clay is gradually moving to the inner areas, which causes problems such as an increase in raw material costs. Therefore, there is a growing demand for alternative raw materials and other raw materials that can be used in a mixture with clay without relying solely on clay as a raw material for roof tiles.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】以上の課題を解決するた
めに、本発明の粘土瓦の製造方法は、原料として粘土の
ほかに木節粘土、石混り粘土、硅石カス、風化花崗岩か
らなる代替原料ならびに不良廃品瓦を添加した調合原料
からなる粘土瓦の製造方法であって、該調合原料を７４
μｍパス９０〜１００％程度に微粉砕する粉砕工程と、
粉砕産物に水分を添加し混練する調湿・混練工程と、加
圧押出により板状に成形する成形工程と、得られた板状
原料を所定の大きさに切断しプレス成形する切断・プレ
ス工程と、プレスされた成形原料を乾燥した後表面に釉
薬を塗布する乾燥工程ならびに施釉工程と、施釉後に加
熱焼成する焼成工程を備えた構成とした。また、第２の
発明では、さらに、少なくとも粉砕工程を竪型ローラミ
ルで施工し、かつ、調湿・混練工程を皿型造粒機で施工
することとした。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the method for producing a clay tile according to the present invention comprises, as a raw material, clay in addition to clay, knotobushi clay, stone-mixed clay, silica stone dust, and weathered granite. A method for producing a clay roof tile, which comprises an alternative raw material and a blended raw material to which a defective waste tile is added, comprising:
a pulverizing step of finely pulverizing to a μm pass of 90 to 100%,
Humidity adjustment / kneading step of adding water to the crushed product and kneading, molding step of forming into a plate shape by pressure extrusion, and cutting / pressing step of cutting the obtained plate-like raw material into a predetermined size and press-forming. And a drying step of applying a glaze on the surface after drying the pressed forming raw material, a glaze step, and a firing step of heating and baking after the glaze. Further, in the second invention, at least the pulverizing step is performed by using a vertical roller mill, and the humidity control / kneading step is performed by using a dish type granulator.
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】本発明では、粘土に、これまで瓦原料として利
用を見送られていた木節粘土や石混り粘土、あるいは硅
石カス、風化花崗岩などを微粉砕することによって代替
原料として加えることができ、また、瓦製造過程で不可
避的に生じる不良瓦や廃品瓦も微粉砕することによって
新たに粘土の代替原料として利用することが可能となっ
た。すなわち、本発明では、従来の２度に亘る破砕工程
を取り止め、その代わりに各原料を調合したあと微粉砕
する粉砕工程と粉砕後の原料微粉末に水を加えて混練す
る調湿・混練工程とを新たに設けることによって、瓦原
料が粘土のみの従来品に比べて、強度が１．５倍とな
り、吸水率が半減し、軽量化され、かつ、光沢もはるか
に優れた瓦製品が実現される。また、第２の発明では、
上記の粉砕工程を最もよく実施できるものとして竪型ロ
ーラミルを、調湿・混練工程を効率よく実施するものと
して皿型造粒機を採用した。In the present invention, clay can be added as an alternative raw material by finely pulverizing kibushi clay, stone-mixed clay, silica stone dust, weathered granite, etc. Moreover, it has become possible to newly use it as a substitute raw material for clay by finely pulverizing defective roof tiles and waste roof tiles that are inevitably generated in the roof tile manufacturing process. That is, according to the present invention, the conventional crushing step that has been repeated twice is stopped, and instead, a pulverizing step of mixing each raw material and then finely pulverizing it, and a humidity conditioning / kneading step of adding water to the raw material fine powder after pulverizing and kneading. By newly providing and, the tile material will be 1.5 times stronger than the conventional tile-only clay material, the water absorption will be halved, the weight will be reduced, and the tile product with much better gloss will be realized. To be done. In the second invention,
A vertical roller mill was adopted as the one capable of best performing the above-mentioned pulverizing step, and a dish type granulator was employed as one capable of efficiently performing the humidity control / kneading step.
【０００６】[0006]
【実施例】以下図面に基づいて本発明の実施例の詳細に
ついて説明する。図１〜図５は本発明の実施例に係り、
図１は粘土瓦の製造フローシート、図２は粘土瓦の製造
設備の全体構成図、図３は竪型ローラミルの全体縦断面
図、図４は皿型造粒機の正面図、図５は皿型造粒機の縦
断面図である。本発明においては、図１に示すように、
瓦原料は粘土のほかに代替原料と不良廃品瓦とを加え
る。代替原料は粘土の中に多量の木質材が混入している
木節粘土や硅石など岩石が粘土中に混在する石混り粘土
や硅石カス、風化した花崗岩の粉粒体などで構成され
る。また、瓦製造工程で生じた不良瓦（一部破損したも
のや規定の強度に達せず不良品とされたもの）や従来再
利用されることなく廃棄処分にされたり、埋立地へ移送
されて使用済みの廃品瓦なども、本発明では資源リサイ
クルとして有効利用するため瓦原料として使用する。こ
れらの原料を粘土７０％、代替原料２５％、不良廃品瓦
５％程度に調合し（ただし、不良廃品瓦はあらかじめ３
０ｍｍ程度に破砕しておく）、予備乾燥したうえ粉砕工
程で７４μｍパス９０〜１００％程度の粒度（最大粒子
径７５〜１００μｍ）に微粉砕する。粉砕工程は、これ
らの調合原料を同時に連続的に大量に微粉砕できる竪型
ローラミル３０が望ましい。得られた粉砕産物は次に皿
型造粒機６０に入れられ水分を霧状に噴霧添加されつ
つ、混練され、水分が約１８〜２０％含有した粒状物に
成形される。次に、これらの粒状原料は、押出機７０へ
供給され、水平平行２軸のスクリュによって加圧成形さ
れて連続した板状成形体に形成されて押出機（２軸スク
リュ押出機）７０より排出される。成形工程を終えた板
状成形体は瓦寸法に合致する規定寸法に裁断され、プレ
ス成形されて所定の瓦形状となり、乾燥工程と施釉工程
とを経て焼成され、瓦製品となる。図１の成形工程以降
は従来工程と同一である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5 relate to an embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 1 is a flow chart for manufacturing clay tiles, Fig. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of the clay tile manufacturing equipment, Fig. 3 is an overall vertical sectional view of a vertical roller mill, Fig. 4 is a front view of a plate type granulator, and Fig. 5 is It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a plate type granulator. In the present invention, as shown in FIG.
In addition to clay, roof tile materials include alternative materials and defective scrap tiles. The alternative raw materials are composed of stone-blended clay, silica dust, weathered granite powder, etc., where rocks such as kibushi clay and silica stone, in which a large amount of wood is mixed in clay, are mixed in the clay. In addition, defective roof tiles (partially damaged or defective without reaching the specified strength) generated during the roof tile manufacturing process or discarded without being reused or transferred to a landfill site In the present invention, used scrap tiles and the like are also used as roof tile raw materials for effective utilization as resource recycling. 70% of clay, 25% of alternative materials, and 5% of defective scrap tiles are mixed (However
It is crushed to about 0 mm), pre-dried, and finely pulverized in a pulverization process to a particle size of 74 μm pass 90 to 100% (maximum particle diameter 75 to 100 μm). In the pulverizing step, it is desirable to use a vertical roller mill 30 that can continuously and finely pulverize a large amount of these prepared raw materials at the same time. The obtained pulverized product is then put in a dish type granulator 60, and is kneaded while being spray-added with water in a mist state, and is molded into a granular material containing about 18 to 20% of water. Next, these granular raw materials are supplied to the extruder 70, pressure-molded by a horizontal parallel biaxial screw, formed into a continuous plate-shaped body, and discharged from the extruder (biaxial screw extruder) 70. To be done. The plate-shaped molded product that has undergone the molding process is cut into a specified size that matches the size of the roof tile, is press-molded into a predetermined roof tile shape, and is fired through a drying process and a glaze process to be a roof tile product. After the molding process of FIG. 1, the process is the same as the conventional process.
【０００７】一方、図２は粘土瓦の製造設備２００を示
し、１（１Ａ、１Ｂ、１Ｃ、１Ｄ、１Ｅ）はホッパ、２
はベルトフィーダ、３は電磁フィーダ、４は破砕機（ク
ラッシャ）、５（５Ａ、５Ｂ、５Ｃ）はベルトコンベ
ヤ、６は供給ゲート、７は乾燥機、８は熱風炉、９はバ
ケットエレベータ、１０は熱風ダストコレクタ、２０は
ミル前ホッパ、３０は竪型ローラミル、４０はバッグフ
ィルタ、４２はスクリュコンベヤ、４４はバケットエレ
ベータ、５０は微粉ホッパ、５２は局部集塵用のバッグ
フィルタ、６０は皿型造粒機、６８と６９はベルトコン
ベヤ、７０は押出機、８０は切断機（カッタ）、９０は
成形プレス、１００は連続乾燥機、１１０は自動施釉
機、１２０は焼成炉（窯炉）である。ホッパ１（ホッパ
１Ａには粘土、ホッパ１Ｂには木節粘土および石混り粘
土、ホッパ１Ｃには硅石カス、ホッパ１Ｄには風化花崗
岩、ホッパ１Ｅには不良廃品瓦を貯蔵する）に貯えられ
たそれぞれの原料をベルトフィーダ２やベルトコンベヤ
５Ａ、５Ｂ、５Ｃ、供給ゲート６を経由して乾燥機７へ
移送する。ただし、ホッパ１Ｅの不良廃品瓦は輸送に支
障のないよう破砕機（クラッシャ）４で最大３０ｍｍ程
度に小割りしておく。乾燥機７は熱風炉８より供給され
た熱風を室内に導入されて乾燥するパドル式ドライヤや
ベルト式ドライヤを使用する。予備乾燥された調合原料
はミル前ホッパ２０で貯蔵されたうえ竪型ローラミル３
０へ投入されて微粉砕される。竪型ローラミル３０の構
造および作動は後述する。竪型ローラミル３０で粉砕後
の粉砕産物は空気搬送され、バッグフィルタ４０で集塵
されて微粉ホッパ５０へ貯蔵される。粉砕産物は従来技
術よりもはるかに小さな粒度に粉砕され、７４μｍパス
９０〜１００％程度とされる。On the other hand, FIG. 2 shows a clay tile manufacturing facility 200, in which 1 (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) is a hopper and 2
Is a belt feeder, 3 is an electromagnetic feeder, 4 is a crusher (crusher), 5 (5A, 5B, 5C) is a belt conveyor, 6 is a supply gate, 7 is a dryer, 8 is a hot stove, 9 is a bucket elevator, 10 Is a hot air dust collector, 20 is a pre-mill hopper, 30 is a vertical roller mill, 40 is a bag filter, 42 is a screw conveyor, 44 is a bucket elevator, 50 is a fine hopper, 52 is a bag filter for local dust collection, and 60 is a plate. Mold granulator, 68 and 69 are belt conveyors, 70 is extruder, 80 is cutting machine (cutter), 90 is molding press, 100 is continuous dryer, 110 is automatic glaze machine, 120 is baking furnace (kiln) Is. Stored in hopper 1 (clay in hopper 1A, kibushi clay and stone-mixed clay in hopper 1B, silica slag in hopper 1C, weathered granite in hopper 1D, and defective scrap tiles in hopper 1E) The respective raw materials are transferred to the dryer 7 via the belt feeder 2, the belt conveyors 5A, 5B, 5C and the supply gate 6. However, the defective waste tiles of the hopper 1E are divided into a maximum of about 30 mm by a crusher (crusher) 4 so as not to hinder transportation. The dryer 7 uses a paddle type dryer or a belt type dryer that introduces the hot air supplied from the hot air oven 8 into the room and dries it. The pre-dried compounded raw material was stored in the hopper 20 in front of the mill, and the vertical roller mill 3 was used.
It is thrown into 0 and pulverized. The structure and operation of the vertical roller mill 30 will be described later. The crushed product after being crushed by the vertical roller mill 30 is conveyed by air, collected by the bag filter 40, and stored in the fine powder hopper 50. The crushed product is crushed to a particle size much smaller than that of the prior art, and the 74 μm pass is about 90 to 100%.
【０００８】粉砕工程を終了した微粉原料は、皿型造粒
機６０へ送られて調湿・混練作用を受け含有水分１８〜
２０％程度のペレット状粒体に造粒される。皿型造粒機
６０の構造および作用は後述する。このようにしてペレ
ット状粒体とされた瓦原料は、次に押出機７０へ装入さ
れ水平平行な２軸スクリュに混練され加圧されて前方の
ダイスより長尺の板状の成形体となって押し出され、切
断機（カッタ）８０で所要寸法に裁断されたあと、成形
プレス９０によって所要の瓦形状に成形される。成形体
はトンネル型の連続乾燥機１００を通過する間に含有水
分を約１％程度に蒸発乾燥され、釉薬の入った貯槽内を
上方の吊具に懸架され浸漬されたまま移動する自動施釉
機１１０で釉薬（うわぐすり）を表面に塗布される。そ
の後、焼成炉１２０で１１００〜１２００℃に加熱さ
れ、焼成されて最終製品の瓦製品となる。これらの瓦製
品は外観検査や曲げ試験などの強度試験を行い、合格品
が製品として梱包され出荷される。The fine-powder raw material that has undergone the crushing process is sent to the dish-type granulator 60 and subjected to the humidity control and kneading action, and the water content 18 to
Granulated into pellet-shaped granules of about 20%. The structure and operation of the dish granulator 60 will be described later. The roof tile raw material thus formed into pellets is then charged into the extruder 70, kneaded into a horizontal parallel biaxial screw and pressurized to form a plate-shaped molded body longer than the front die. It is then extruded, cut into a required size by a cutting machine (cutter) 80, and then formed into a required roof tile shape by a forming press 90. While passing through the tunnel-type continuous dryer 100, the molded body is evaporated and dried to a moisture content of about 1%, and is automatically suspended in the storage tank containing the glaze and suspended in an upper suspension tool and moved while being immersed. At 110, glaze is applied to the surface. Then, it is heated to 1100 to 1200 ° C. in the firing furnace 120 and fired to obtain a roof tile product as a final product. These roof tile products are subjected to a strength test such as a visual inspection and a bending test, and acceptable products are packaged and shipped.
【０００９】次に竪型ローラミル３０の構造と作用につ
いて説明する。石灰石やスラグ、セメント原料などの原
料を細かく粉砕し粉体とする粉砕機の一種として、図３
に示すように、回転テーブルと粉砕ローラとを備えた竪
型ローラミル３０が広く用いられている。この種の粉砕
機は、円筒状ケーシング３１の下部において電動機３２
Ａにより減速機３２Ｂで駆動されて低速回転する円盤状
の回転テーブル３３と、その上面外周部を円周方向へ等
分する箇所に油圧などで圧接されて従動回転する複数個
の粉砕ローラ３４とを備えている。粉砕ローラ３４はケ
ーシング３１に軸３４Ｂによって揺動自在に軸支された
アーム３４Ａとアーム３４Ｃを介して油圧シリンダ３４
Ｄのピストンロッド３４Ｅに連結されており、油圧シリ
ンダ３４Ｄを作動させることにより、粉砕ローラ３４を
回転テーブル３３上に押圧して原料への粉砕圧力を与え
ている。３３Ｓは回転テーブル３３の外周縁に設けられ
原料層厚を調整するダムリング、３３Ａは回転テーブル
３３周囲のガス吹上用環状空間通路、３３Ｂはガス供給
路、３５は羽根３５Ａにより粉砕された原料を分級する
回転式セパレータ、３７はガスとともに製品を取り出す
排出口、３６は原料投入シュートである。Next, the structure and operation of the vertical roller mill 30 will be described. As a kind of crusher that crushes raw materials such as limestone, slag, and cement raw materials into powder,
As shown in FIG. 3, a vertical roller mill 30 having a rotary table and a crushing roller is widely used. This type of crusher has an electric motor 32 in the lower part of the cylindrical casing 31.
A disk-shaped rotary table 33 that is driven by a speed reducer 32B by A and rotates at a low speed, and a plurality of crushing rollers 34 that are driven to rotate by being pressed by hydraulic pressure or the like at locations where the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface is equally divided in the circumferential direction. Is equipped with. The crushing roller 34 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 34 via an arm 34A and an arm 34C that are swingably supported by a shaft 34B in a casing 31.
It is connected to the piston rod 34E of D, and by operating the hydraulic cylinder 34D, the crushing roller 34 is pressed onto the rotary table 33 to apply crushing pressure to the raw material. 33S is a dam ring provided on the outer peripheral edge of the rotary table 33 for adjusting the raw material layer thickness, 33A is a gas blowing annular space passage around the rotary table 33, 33B is a gas supply passage, and 35 is a raw material crushed by the blades 35A. A rotary separator for classification, 37 is an outlet for taking out a product together with gas, and 36 is a raw material charging chute.
【００１０】このように構成された竪型ローラミル３０
において、調合原料は回転テーブル３３の中央部へ原料
投入シュート３６より供給され、回転テーブル３３の回
転によりテーブル半径方向の遠心力を受けて回転テーブ
ル３３上を滑る時に回転テーブル３３により回転方向の
力を受け、回転テーブル３３との間で滑って回転テーブ
ル３３の回転数よりいくらか遅い回転を行う。以上２つ
の力、すなわち、半径方向と回転方向の力とが合成さ
れ、原料は回転テーブル３３上を渦巻状の軌跡を描いて
回転テーブル３３の外周部へ移動する。この外周部に
は、ローラが圧接されて回転しているので、渦巻線を描
いた原料は粉砕ローラ３４と回転テーブル３３との間へ
ローラ軸方向とある角度をなす方向から進入して噛込ま
れて粉砕される。The vertical roller mill 30 having the above structure
In the above, the blended raw material is supplied to the central portion of the rotary table 33 from the raw material charging chute 36, and when the rotary table 33 receives centrifugal force in the radial direction of the table and slides on the rotary table 33, the rotary table 33 exerts a force in the rotary direction. In response to this, it slides with respect to the rotary table 33 and performs a rotation somewhat slower than the rotation speed of the rotary table 33. The above two forces, that is, the force in the radial direction and the force in the rotational direction are combined, and the raw material moves on the rotary table 33 to the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 33 in a spiral path. Since the roller is pressed against the outer periphery and is rotating, the raw material in which the spiral is drawn enters between the crushing roller 34 and the rotary table 33 from a direction forming an angle with the roller axial direction and is bitten. It is crushed and crushed.
【００１１】一方、ケーシング３１の基部には熱風ダク
ト３８によって乾燥機７を通過した後の熱風などのガス
が導かれており、このガスが回転テーブル３３の外周面
とケーシングの内周面との間の環状空間通路３３Ａから
吹き上がることにより、粉砕された微粉体はガスに同伴
されてケーシング３１内を上昇し、上部に位置するセパ
レータ３５の羽根３５Ａにより分級作用を受け、所定粒
度の微粉末はガスとともに排出口３７から排出され次の
工程（バッグフィルタ４０）へ送られる。粉砕産物の粒
度はセパレータ３５の回転数を変更することにより簡単
容易に調整できる。このように、竪型ローラミル３０
は、従来の瓦製造設備に使用されていた２段のロールク
ラッシャでは到底不可能であった木節粘土や石混り粘土
や硅石カス、風化花崗岩、廃品瓦など硬くて粉砕し難い
原料を、同時に連続的に、しかも、これまでの破砕粒度
とは比べものにならない程細かな粒度まで微粉砕するこ
とができるので、これまで利用することを見送られてい
たものを粘土の代替原料として利用することを可能とし
た。On the other hand, a gas such as hot air after passing through the dryer 7 is guided to the base of the casing 31 by a hot air duct 38, and this gas is generated between the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 33 and the inner peripheral surface of the casing. By being blown up from the annular space passage 33A between them, the pulverized fine powder is entrained in the gas and rises in the casing 31, and is subjected to the classification action by the blades 35A of the separator 35 located at the upper portion, and the fine powder having a predetermined particle size is obtained. Is discharged from the discharge port 37 together with the gas and sent to the next step (bag filter 40). The particle size of the ground product can be easily and easily adjusted by changing the rotation speed of the separator 35. Thus, the vertical roller mill 30
Is a hard material that is hard to crush, such as kibushi clay, stone-mixed clay, silica stone dust, weathered granite, and scrap tile that could not be achieved with the two-stage roll crusher used in the conventional tile manufacturing equipment. Simultaneously and continuously, it is possible to finely pulverize to a finer particle size that can not be compared with the crushed particle size so far, so use what was suspended until now as a substitute raw material for clay Made possible.
【００１２】次に、皿型造粒機６０の構造と作用につい
て説明する。図４に示すように、皿型造粒機６０は、図
４〜図５に示すように、フレーム６１上にハンドル６１
Ａによって傾動自在な皿型のパン６２を配設し、電動機
６０Ａによりパン６２を回転駆動した状態で、微粉原料
をパン６２内へ供給する。パン６２内の微粉原料はスプ
レによる水分の添加とともに図４の２点鎖線で示した軌
跡を描いてパン６２の底面および側内面を転動し、次第
に造粒されてペレット状の粒体となる。粒体の含有水分
は添加する水分量とバッチ運転時間によって制御され
る。皿型造粒機６０は以上のように微粉原料に所要の含
有水分を与えて調湿および混練を行い均一な所要の粒径
の粒体を形成する。なお、皿型造粒機６０にはパン６２
の底面や側内面への微粉の付着を防止するため、アーム
６３に直交して張設したビーム６３Ａに付着物を剥離さ
せるサイドスクレーパ６４やサイドレーキ６５を配設し
て側内面の付着防止を図るとともに、ビーム６３Ａを移
動自在な移動レーキ６６によって底面付着物の除去を行
っている。Next, the structure and operation of the plate type granulator 60 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the dish granulator 60 has a handle 61 on a frame 61 as shown in FIGS.
A pan-shaped pan 62 that can be tilted by A is provided, and the fine powder raw material is supplied into the pan 62 while the pan 62 is rotationally driven by the electric motor 60A. The fine powder raw material in the bread 62 rolls on the bottom surface and the side inner surface of the bread 62 along the locus shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 4 with the addition of water by spraying, and is gradually granulated into pellet-like particles. . The water content of the granules is controlled by the amount of water added and the batch operation time. As described above, the dish-type granulator 60 applies the required water content to the fine powder raw material to perform humidity control and kneading to form granules having a uniform required particle size. The plate-type granulator 60 has a pan 62.
In order to prevent the adhesion of fine powder to the bottom surface and the inner surface of the side, a side scraper 64 and a side rake 65 that separate the adhered matter from the beam 63A stretched orthogonally to the arm 63 are provided to prevent the adhesion of the inner surface of the side. At the same time, the moving rake 66 that can move the beam 63A is used to remove the deposits on the bottom surface.
【００１３】以上説明したように、本発明の粘土瓦の製
造方法は、従来、粘土だけの瓦原料の代わりに代替原料
として、これまで利用することのできなかった木節粘
土、石混り粘土、硅石カス、風化花崗岩を利用するばか
りでなく、従来廃棄処分していた不良瓦や廃品瓦なども
原料として活用するために、破砕工程の代わりに、例え
ば、竪型ローラミルなどの粉砕機を使用して微粉砕する
粉砕工程を設け、得られた微粉を板状成形物にするため
の前処理として調湿・混練工程（造粒工程）を設けたの
で、これら代替原料の利用が可能となった。本発明の製
造工程による軟式瓦は、実機による操業の結果、曲げ強
度は従来品の１．５倍に向上するばかりでなく、微粉砕
粉末品による成形品であるから焼成後の表面光沢が特に
優れ、吸水率も従来品の約半分となるなど製品品質の向
上も達成される。また、微粉末成形体の特質である粒子
の比表面積の増加により焼成性が向上し、従来の焼成温
度１２００〜１３００℃を５０〜１００℃低下させるこ
とができるようになった。また、製品瓦１個の重量も約
２０％軽量化され原料コストの低減が達成される。さら
に、竪型ローラミル３０や皿型造粒機６０を採用するこ
とによって粉砕工程や調湿・混練工程を能率よく施工で
きるから生産性もこれまでよりはるかに向上する。As described above, according to the method for producing clay roof tiles of the present invention, instead of the roof tile raw material made of clay, it has been heretofore unavailable as a substitute raw material such as kibushi clay and stone-mixed clay. In addition to using slag, weathered granite, as well as defective roof tiles and waste roof tiles that were previously disposed of as raw materials, a crusher such as a vertical roller mill is used instead of the crushing process. Since a crushing step for finely crushing was provided, and a humidity conditioning / kneading step (granulation step) was provided as a pretreatment for making the obtained fine powder into a plate-shaped molded product, these alternative raw materials can be used It was The soft roof tile manufactured by the manufacturing process of the present invention not only has a bending strength improved to 1.5 times that of the conventional product as a result of the operation using an actual machine, and since the molded product is a finely pulverized powder product, the surface gloss after firing is particularly high. The product quality is also improved, with excellent water absorption and about half the water absorption of conventional products. Further, the increase in the specific surface area of the particles, which is a characteristic of the fine powder compact, improves the calcination property, and the conventional calcination temperature of 1200 to 1300 ° C. can be decreased by 50 to 100 ° C. Further, the weight of one product roof tile is also reduced by about 20%, and the cost of raw materials can be reduced. Further, by adopting the vertical roller mill 30 and the dish type granulator 60, the crushing process and the humidity control / kneading process can be efficiently carried out, so that the productivity is much improved.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように、本発明においては、
代替原料や不良廃品瓦を再利用できるから資源リサイク
ルを図り、省資源を達成できるばかりでなく、製品品質
もはるかに向上する。As described above, according to the present invention,
Since alternative raw materials and defective waste roof tiles can be reused, resource recycling can be achieved and not only resource saving can be achieved, but product quality is also greatly improved.
【図１】本発明の実施例に係る粘土瓦の製造フローシー
トである。FIG. 1 is a production flow sheet of a clay roof tile according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の実施例に係る粘土瓦の製造設備の全体
構成図である。FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of a clay tile manufacturing facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施例に係る竪型ローラミルの全体縦
断面図である。FIG. 3 is an overall vertical sectional view of a vertical roller mill according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の実施例に係る皿型造粒機の正面図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a front view of a plate type granulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の実施例に係る皿型造粒機の縦断面図で
ある。FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a dish type granulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】従来の粘土瓦の製造フローシートである。FIG. 6 is a flow chart for manufacturing a conventional clay roof tile.
１ ホッパ １Ａ ホッパ １Ｂ ホッパ １Ｃ ホッパ １Ｄ ホッパ １Ｅ ホッパ ２ ベルトフィーダ ３ 電磁フィーダ ４ 破砕機（クラッシャ） ５Ａ ベルトコンベヤ ５Ｂ ベルトコンベヤ ５Ｃ ベルトコンベヤ ６ 供給ゲート ７ 乾燥機 ８ 熱風炉 ９ バケットエレベータ １０ 熱風ダストコレクタ ２０ ミル前ホッパ ３０ 竪型ローラミル ３１ ケーシング ３２Ａ 電動機 ３２Ｂ 減速機 ３３ 回転テーブル ３３Ａ 環状空間通路 ３３Ｂ ガス供給路 ３３Ｓ ダムリング ３４ 粉砕ローラ ３４Ａ アーム ３４Ｂ 軸（回転軸） ３４Ｃ アーム ３４Ｄ 油圧シリンダ ３４Ｅ ピストンロッド ３５ セパレータ ３５Ａ セパレータ羽根 ３６ 原料投入シュート ３７ 排出口 ３８ 熱風ダクト ４０ バッグフィルタ ４２ スクリュコンベヤ ４４ バケットエレベータ ５０ 微粉ホッパ ５２ バッグフィルタ ６０ 皿型造粒機 ６０Ａ 電動機 ６１ フレーム ６１Ａ ハンドル ６２ パン ６３ アーム ６３Ａ ビーム ６４ サイドスクレーパ ６５ サイドレーキ ６６ 移動レーキ ６８ ベルトコンベヤ ６９ ベルトコンベヤ ７０ 押出機（２軸スクリュ押出機） ８０ 切断機（カッタ） ９０ 成形プレス １００ 連続乾燥機 １１０ 自動施釉機 １２０ 焼成炉（窯炉） ２００ 粘土瓦製造設備 1 Hopper 1A Hopper 1B Hopper 1C Hopper 1D Hopper 1E Hopper 2 Belt Feeder 3 Electromagnetic Feeder 4 Crusher (Crusher) 5A Belt Conveyor 5B Belt Conveyor 5C Belt Conveyor 6 Supply Gate 7 Dryer 8 Hot Air Stove 9 Bucket Elevator 20 Hot Air Dust Collector Mill front hopper 30 Vertical roller mill 31 Casing 32A Electric motor 32B Reducer 33 Rotary table 33A Annular space passage 33B Gas supply passage 33S Dam ring 34 Grinding roller 34A Arm 34B Shaft (rotating shaft) 34C Arm 34D Hydraulic cylinder 34E Piston rod 35 Separator 35A Separator blade 36 Raw material input chute 37 Discharge port 38 Hot air duct 40 Bag filter 42 Screw conveyor 44 Bucket elevator 50 Fine powder Upper 52 Bag filter 60 Dish granulator 60A Electric motor 61 Frame 61A Handle 62 Pan 63 Arm 63A Beam 64 Side scraper 65 Side rake 66 Moving rake 68 Belt conveyor 69 Belt conveyor 70 Extruder (2-axis screw extruder) 80 Cutting Machine (cutter) 90 Forming press 100 Continuous dryer 110 Automatic glaze machine 120 Baking furnace (kiln) 200 Clay roof tile manufacturing facility
Claims (2)
り粘土、硅石カス、風化花崗岩からなる代替原料ならび
に不良廃品瓦を添加した調合原料からなる粘土瓦の製造
方法であって、該調合原料を７４μｍパス９０〜１００
％程度に微粉砕する粉砕工程と、粉砕産物に水分を添加
し混練する調湿・混練工程と、加圧押出により板状に成
形する成形工程と、得られた板状原料を所定の大きさに
切断しプレス成形する切断・プレス工程と、プレスされ
た成形原料を乾燥した後表面に釉薬を塗布する乾燥工程
ならびに施釉工程と、施釉後に加熱焼成する焼成工程を
備えた粘土瓦の製造方法。1. A method for producing a clay roof tile, which comprises, in addition to clay as a raw material, an alternative raw material consisting of kibushi clay, stone-mixed clay, silica stone waste, and weathered granite, and a blended raw material to which defective scrap tile is added, Preparation material 74μm pass 90-100
%, A pulverization step of finely pulverizing, a moisture conditioning / kneading step of adding water to the pulverized product and kneading, a molding step of forming into a plate shape by pressure extrusion, and the obtained plate-shaped raw material having a predetermined size. A method for producing a clay roof tile, which comprises a cutting / pressing step of cutting into pieces and press-molding, a drying step of applying a glaze to the surface after drying the pressed forming raw material and a glaze step, and a firing step of heating and firing after glaze application.
施工し、かつ、調湿・混練工程を皿型造粒機で施工する
請求項１記載の粘土瓦の製造方法。2. The method for producing a clay roof tile according to claim 1, wherein at least the crushing step is carried out by a vertical roller mill, and the humidity control / kneading step is carried out by a plate type granulator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19078294A JPH0852720A (en) | 1994-08-12 | 1994-08-12 | Manufacture of clay tile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19078294A JPH0852720A (en) | 1994-08-12 | 1994-08-12 | Manufacture of clay tile |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0852720A true JPH0852720A (en) | 1996-02-27 |
Family
ID=16263652
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19078294A Pending JPH0852720A (en) | 1994-08-12 | 1994-08-12 | Manufacture of clay tile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0852720A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20000058854A (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2000-10-05 | 신현주 | The apparatus and method for manufacturing of ocher brick |
| KR20020096208A (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2002-12-31 | 고동석 | construction materials consist of basalt and manufacturing method of the same |
| KR100457426B1 (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2004-11-16 | 박종원 | An ultra lightweight smoke-resistant composite and an apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same |
| KR100480794B1 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2005-04-06 | 주식회사공간세라믹 | A Clay Brick Using Fine Powder Of Waste Silica Stone And Manufacturing Method Thereof |
-
1994
- 1994-08-12 JP JP19078294A patent/JPH0852720A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20000058854A (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2000-10-05 | 신현주 | The apparatus and method for manufacturing of ocher brick |
| KR100457426B1 (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2004-11-16 | 박종원 | An ultra lightweight smoke-resistant composite and an apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same |
| KR20020096208A (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2002-12-31 | 고동석 | construction materials consist of basalt and manufacturing method of the same |
| KR100480794B1 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2005-04-06 | 주식회사공간세라믹 | A Clay Brick Using Fine Powder Of Waste Silica Stone And Manufacturing Method Thereof |
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