JPH0847341A - Method for dehumidifying greenhouse for protected horticulture and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Method for dehumidifying greenhouse for protected horticulture and apparatus therefor

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Publication number
JPH0847341A
JPH0847341A JP6203069A JP20306994A JPH0847341A JP H0847341 A JPH0847341 A JP H0847341A JP 6203069 A JP6203069 A JP 6203069A JP 20306994 A JP20306994 A JP 20306994A JP H0847341 A JPH0847341 A JP H0847341A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
greenhouse
dehumidification
ventilation
relative humidity
outside
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP6203069A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2759871B2 (en
Inventor
Masaru Baba
勝 馬場
Hideo Osawa
英夫 大澤
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Nepon KK
Original Assignee
Nepon KK
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Priority to JP6203069A priority Critical patent/JP2759871B2/en
Publication of JPH0847341A publication Critical patent/JPH0847341A/en
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Publication of JP2759871B2 publication Critical patent/JP2759871B2/en
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Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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  • Greenhouses (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To carry out the dehumidification corresponding to the conditions of a greenhouse by combining heating dehumidification using a heating means with ventilating dehumidification using the ventilation of the greenhouse. CONSTITUTION:This method for dehumidifying a greenhouse for protected horticulture is to always measure atmospheric temperatures inside and outside the greenhouse, relative humidities inside and outside the greenhouse and absolute humidity inside the greenhouse, compare the temperatures and humidifies with the set heating temperature and humidity set for the greenhouse, combine and carry out the heating dehumidification with the ventilating dehumidification in combining the heating dehumidifying with the ventilating dehumidification and carrying out the dehumidification. For example, when the relative humidity inside the greenhouse is higher than that set for the greenhouse, the heating dehumidification is performed when the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is higher than that inside the greenhouse. When the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is lower than that inside the greenhouse and the outside air temperature is higher than the room temperature, the ventilating dehumidification is carried out. When the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is lower than that inside the greenhouse and the outside air temperature is lower than the room temperature, the heating dehumidification and the ventilating humidification are used in combination.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は施設園芸用温室の除湿方
法、特に施設園芸用温室が高湿度（例えば相対湿度90％
以上の状態）における当該温室の除湿方法およびその装
置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for dehumidifying a greenhouse for institutional horticulture, and in particular, a greenhouse for institutional horticulture has high humidity (for example, 90% relative humidity).
The present invention relates to the greenhouse dehumidifying method and apparatus in the above state.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】施設園芸用温室（以下、単に温室とい
う。）における作物の栽培においては、温室内の相対湿
度が90％を越えると結露が発生し易く、結露によって作
物が濡れると病原菌が発生し作物に害を与える。そのた
め温室を除湿するために冷却式除湿機が開発され実際に
使用されているが、温室は家庭用等に比べ対象面積が広
く、設備が大型化するため設備費・運転経費共に大きな
負担となり、広く普及するに至っていない。それに代わ
る低コストの除湿方法は研究されつつあるというのが現
状である。2. Description of the Related Art When cultivating crops in a greenhouse for institutional horticulture (hereinafter referred to simply as "greenhouse"), dew condensation easily occurs when the relative humidity in the greenhouse exceeds 90%, and pathogens are generated when the crop becomes wet due to dew condensation. And harm the crops. Therefore, a cooling type dehumidifier has been developed and is actually used to dehumidify the greenhouse, but since the greenhouse has a larger target area than households and the equipment becomes large, both the equipment cost and the operating cost become a heavy burden, It has not become widespread. At present, alternative low cost dehumidification methods are being researched.

【０００３】低コストの温室の除湿については、暖房除
湿と換気除湿とが考えられている。For low-cost greenhouse dehumidification, heating dehumidification and ventilation dehumidification are considered.

【０００４】先ず暖房除湿についてみると、この方法
は、暖房により温室の室温を上昇させることで温室内の
相対湿度を低下させる方法である。この方法の利点は、
暖房機さえあれば低コストで実施可能なことである。多
くの温室では暖房機が設置されているため、暖房除湿用
の制御機器の他は新たな設備は必要なく、温室栽培者に
とって実施が容易である。First, regarding heating dehumidification, this method is a method of lowering the relative humidity in the greenhouse by raising the room temperature of the greenhouse by heating. The advantage of this method is
It can be implemented at low cost as long as there is a heater. Since many greenhouses are equipped with a heater, no new equipment other than the control equipment for heating and dehumidifying is required, which is easy for greenhouse growers to implement.

【０００５】その反面、この方法はいくつかの弱点をも
つ。暖房除湿では相対湿度を低下させることはできる
が、絶対湿度（空気中の水分量）は変わらないし、ま
た、逆に条件によっては絶対湿度が上昇することさえあ
る。温室内の相対湿度が低下することで作物の蒸散する
水蒸気の量が増え、絶対湿度が高くなるからである。ま
た、作物生育上、暖房を用いて温度を上昇させる湿度制
御には温度管理面から限界がある。特に外気温の高い場
合にこの方法で除湿するときは、室温の過上昇を起こし
やすい。On the other hand, this method has some weak points. Although heating and dehumidifying can lower the relative humidity, the absolute humidity (the amount of water in the air) does not change, and conversely, the absolute humidity may increase depending on the conditions. This is because as the relative humidity in the greenhouse decreases, the amount of water vapor evaporated from the crop increases and the absolute humidity increases. In addition, in terms of growth of crops, there is a limit in terms of temperature control in controlling humidity with heating to raise the temperature. Especially when dehumidifying by this method when the outside temperature is high, the room temperature is likely to rise excessively.

【０００６】次に換気除湿をみると、この方法は換気に
より温室の湿度を温室外に放出することで除湿するもの
である。この場合は、温室の絶対湿度を低下させる効果
が得られる。Next, with regard to ventilation dehumidification, this method is to dehumidify by releasing the humidity of the greenhouse to the outside by ventilation. In this case, the effect of lowering the absolute humidity of the greenhouse can be obtained.

【０００７】温室はその構造上、例え真冬であっても日
射がある場合には温室内は作物の生育に適さないほど高
温となり、そのためほとんどの場合、換気により温室内
の熱を外部に放出させている。つまり、温室には何らか
の形で換気手段が備えられている。換気手段が自動天窓
や換気扇などにより自動化されている温室もかなり多
く、適当な換気手段さえあればコストもほとんどかから
ず、換気除湿は手頃に導入しやすい換気方法といえる。Due to the structure of the greenhouse, even in the midwinter, even when there is insolation, the temperature inside the greenhouse becomes so high that it is not suitable for the growth of crops. Therefore, in most cases, the heat in the greenhouse is released to the outside by ventilation. ing. That is, the greenhouse is somehow equipped with ventilation. There are quite a lot of greenhouses where the ventilation means are automated by automatic skylights and ventilation fans, and there is almost no cost if there is an appropriate ventilation means, and ventilation dehumidification is a ventilation method that is easy to introduce at a reasonable price.

【０００８】しかし、換気除湿も暖房除湿と同様に弱点
がある。外気温が低い状態での換気除湿は、湿度低下と
共に室温低下をもたらし、暖房機の負荷を増大させる場
合がある。また、外気の方が絶対湿度が高い場合には、
逆効果となってしまう。However, ventilation dehumidification has weak points as well as heating dehumidification. Ventilation dehumidification in a state where the outside air temperature is low may bring about a decrease in room temperature as well as a decrease in humidity, which may increase the load on the heater. If the outside air has a higher absolute humidity,
It has the opposite effect.

【０００９】さらに、温室に装備されている換気装置は
その主な目的を高温抑制においたものがほとんどである
ため換気量が多く、既設の換気装置を換気除湿に利用す
る場合に必要以上の換気を行いやすい。これは、高温抑
制のための必要換気量を示した「表１」と、温室から発
生する蒸発散量排除（除湿）のための必要換気量を示し
た「表２」からも理解される。すなわち、一般的な温室
の換気装置は高温抑制を目的として導入されるが、その
能力は、表１にあるように春、秋や場合によっては盛夏
に高温抑制が可能なものが必要なため、床面積 1,000m2
の温室では概ね1,000 m3／min 以上必要になる。一方、
温室が高湿度状態となり除湿が必要となるのは、温室が
密閉される夜間である。このとき必要な換気量は表２に
示されるように温室内相対湿度を90〜95％程度に維持す
るなら、床面積 1,000m2の温室では 100〜200 m3／min
になる。Further, most of the ventilation devices installed in greenhouses have a main purpose of suppressing the high temperature, so that the ventilation amount is large, and when the existing ventilation device is used for ventilation dehumidification, more ventilation than is necessary. Easy to do. This can be understood from "Table 1" which shows the required ventilation amount for suppressing the high temperature and "Table 2" which shows the required ventilation amount for eliminating evapotranspiration (dehumidification) generated from the greenhouse. In other words, a general greenhouse ventilation system is introduced for the purpose of suppressing high temperature, but its capacity is as shown in Table 1, because it is necessary to be able to suppress high temperature in spring, autumn and, in some cases, midsummer, Floor area 1,000m 2
In the greenhouses above, about 1,000 m 3 / min or more is required. on the other hand,
It is during the night when the greenhouse is closed that the greenhouse becomes humid and needs to be dehumidified. If the relative humidity in the greenhouse is maintained at 90 to 95% as shown in Table 2, the required ventilation is 100 to 200 m 3 / min in a greenhouse with a floor area of 1,000 m 2.
become.

【００１０】表２の条件は外気相対湿度 100％で内外気
温差３℃と内外絶対湿度差が小さく換気による除湿には
不利な条件で計算されているので、実際にはこれ以下の
換気量で十分であると言える。さらに、内外絶対湿度差
が小さい条件もありうるが、それは内外気温差がより小
さくなった時であり、常時その様な状態になれば温室を
密閉する必要はなく、換気窓やドアを開けたり、被覆材
をまくり上げたりして温室を開放するのが通常の管理と
して行なわれる。つまり、高温抑制に必要な換気量に対
して除湿に必要な換気量はその１／５〜１／10であり、
さらに少なくなる場合も多い。このため、既設の換気装
置で換気除湿を行う場合は、必要以上の換気をして室温
が下がりすぎることのないよう換気窓の開放角度の調節
などによる換気量の調整が必要であるが、必要換気量が
小さくなるほど調整は難しくなる。The conditions in Table 2 are 100% relative humidity in the outside air, and the difference in absolute temperature between inside and outside is 3 ° C, and the difference in absolute humidity between inside and outside is small, which is a disadvantageous condition for dehumidification by ventilation. It can be said that it is enough. Furthermore, there may be conditions where the absolute humidity difference between the inside and outside is small, but that is when the temperature difference between the inside and outside is smaller, and if such a situation is always the case, it is not necessary to close the greenhouse, and there is no need to open ventilation windows or doors. The usual management is to open the greenhouse by rolling up the covering material. In other words, the ventilation volume required for dehumidification is 1/5 to 1/10 of the ventilation volume required for high temperature suppression,
In many cases, it will be even smaller. For this reason, when performing ventilation dehumidification with an existing ventilation system, it is necessary to adjust the ventilation volume by adjusting the opening angle of the ventilation window, etc. so that the room temperature does not drop too much by performing excessive ventilation. The smaller the ventilation, the more difficult the adjustment.

【００１１】[0011]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】以上のように、温室の
除湿方法については、冷凍機を利用した冷却除湿、暖房
機を利用した暖房除湿、換気を利用した換気除湿が行な
われている。As described above, as a method of dehumidifying a greenhouse, cooling dehumidification using a refrigerator, heating dehumidification using a heater, and ventilation dehumidification using ventilation are performed.

【００１２】冷却除湿については、最も効果があるもの
の設備費が高く、花き、メロン等の高級作物など普及は
ごく一部に留まっている。Regarding cooling dehumidification, although it is most effective, the equipment cost is high, and the spread of high-end crops such as flowers and melons has been limited to only a part.

【００１３】暖房除湿については、各種制御機器が市販
され使用されている。しかし、ある程度の効果を上げて
いるものの、基本的には温室内の絶対湿度を低下でき
ず、室温の過上昇を起こしやすいなどで、除湿効果には
限界がある。これは、外気温の低い時は温室被覆材への
結露による温室内の絶対湿度低減効果があり、暖房によ
る相対湿度低減効果と相乗的に働くため効果を発揮しや
すい。ところが、外気温が高くなってくると温室被覆材
への結露がなくなるため、暖房により一時的に相対湿度
が低下しても絶対湿度が低下しないために、相対湿度低
下により作物からの蒸散が増えて絶対湿度が上昇し、結
果として相対湿度も上昇してくる。そのため、相対湿度
を低下させるためにさらなる温度上昇が必要とされ、相
対湿度低下による絶対湿度上昇と、室温上昇により相対
的に温室被覆材温度が低下し、温室被覆材への結露増大
による絶対湿度低下とのバランスがとれるまで室温は上
昇することになる。このような方法で相対湿度を下げる
ために室温の過上昇を招くと、作物の生育に対して逆に
悪影響を与えてしまうため、除湿効果が発揮できなかっ
た。このような状態は、外気温の上昇する朝方や春先以
降に起こりやすい。For heating and dehumidifying, various control devices are commercially available. However, although it has some effect, basically, the absolute humidity in the greenhouse cannot be lowered, and it is easy to cause an excessive rise in room temperature. Therefore, the dehumidifying effect is limited. This is because when the outside temperature is low, there is an effect of reducing the absolute humidity in the greenhouse due to dew condensation on the greenhouse covering material, and it works synergistically with the effect of reducing the relative humidity due to heating, so that the effect is easily exhibited. However, as the outside air temperature rises, dew condensation on greenhouse coatings disappears, so even if the relative humidity temporarily decreases due to heating, the absolute humidity does not decrease. Absolute humidity rises, and as a result, relative humidity also rises. Therefore, a further temperature increase is required to reduce the relative humidity, and the absolute humidity increase due to the relative humidity decrease, and the greenhouse coating material temperature relatively decreases due to the room temperature increase, and the absolute humidity due to the increase in dew condensation on the greenhouse coating material. Room temperature will increase until it is balanced with the decrease. If the room temperature is excessively raised in order to lower the relative humidity by such a method, it adversely affects the growth of crops, and the dehumidifying effect cannot be exhibited. Such a state is likely to occur in the morning when the outside temperature rises or after early spring.

【００１４】換気除湿については、換気による暖房負荷
の増大や急な室温低下が起きやすいため導入しにくい面
があり、それを防ぐために全熱交換式換気扇なども開発
されたが設備費がかかり、あまり普及していない。Regarding ventilation dehumidification, it is difficult to introduce it because the heating load due to ventilation is likely to increase and the room temperature suddenly drops. To prevent this, a total heat exchange type ventilation fan and the like have been developed, but equipment costs are required. Not very popular.

【００１５】そこで、本発明者らは、暖房機を用いてな
す暖房除湿と換気による換気除湿を組み合わせること
で、両者の欠点を補いつつ効果的な除湿を行う方法及び
それに適した装置を考えた。Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have considered a method for effectively dehumidifying by combining heating dehumidification using a heater and ventilation dehumidification by ventilation, and a device suitable for the method. .

【００１６】[0016]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題は、施設園芸用
温室を、暖房機を用いる暖房除湿と該温室の換気による
換気除湿とを併用して除湿するにおいて、常時、該温室
の室温、相対湿度ならびに該温室外の気温とを測定し、
温室内相対湿度が該温室について設定した設定相対湿度
より高い場合に、外気温が温室室温より高いときは換気
除湿を行い、設定時間後も温室内相対湿度が設定相対湿
度に達しないときは暖房除湿も併用して行い、外気温が
温室室温より低いときは暖房除湿を行い、設定時間後も
温室内相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しないときは換気除
湿も併用して行うことを特徴とする施設園芸用温室の除
湿方法を提供することによって解決される。[Means for Solving the Problems] The above-mentioned object is to constantly dehumidify a greenhouse for greenhouses by using both heating dehumidification using a heater and ventilation dehumidification by ventilation of the greenhouse at room temperature and relative temperature of the greenhouse. Measuring the humidity and the temperature outside the greenhouse,
When the relative humidity inside the greenhouse is higher than the set relative humidity set for the greenhouse, ventilation dehumidification is performed when the outside temperature is higher than the room temperature of the greenhouse, and heating is performed when the relative humidity inside the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity after the set time. Dehumidification is also performed, and when the outside air temperature is lower than the room temperature of the greenhouse, heating dehumidification is performed, and when the relative humidity in the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity after the set time, ventilation dehumidification is also used. A solution is provided by providing a method of dehumidifying a greenhouse for greenhouses.

【００１７】上記課題はまた、施設園芸用温室を、暖房
機を用いる暖房除湿と該温室の換気による換気除湿とを
併用して除湿するにおいて、常時、該温室の室温、相対
湿度ならびに該温室外の気温とを測定し、温室内相対湿
度が該温室について設定した設定相対湿度より高い場合
に、外気温が該温室について設定した温風暖房機の運転
設定温度より高いときは換気除湿を行い、設定時間後も
温室内相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しないときは暖房除
湿も併用して行い、外気温が該温室について設定した温
風暖房機の運転設定温度より低いときは暖房除湿を行
い、設定時間後も温室内相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達し
ないときは換気除湿も併用して行うことを特徴とする施
設園芸用温室の除湿方法を提供することによって解決さ
れる。The above object is also to dehumidify a greenhouse for horticultural use in combination with heating dehumidification using a heater and ventilation dehumidification by ventilation of the greenhouse, in which case the room temperature, relative humidity and outside the greenhouse are always maintained. And the relative humidity inside the greenhouse is higher than the set relative humidity set for the greenhouse, when the outside air temperature is higher than the operating set temperature of the hot air heater set for the greenhouse, ventilation dehumidification is performed, When the relative humidity inside the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity even after the set time, the heating dehumidification is also performed together, and when the outside air temperature is lower than the operation set temperature of the warm air heater set for the greenhouse, the heating dehumidification is performed, The present invention provides a method for dehumidifying a greenhouse for institutional horticulture, which is characterized in that when the relative humidity in the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity even after a set time, ventilation dehumidification is also performed.

【００１８】上記課題はさらに、施設園芸用温室を、暖
房機を用いる暖房除湿と該温室の換気による換気除湿と
を併用して除湿するにおいて、常時、該温室の室温、相
対湿度ならびに該温室外の気温と相対湿度とを測定し、
温室内外の気温と相対湿度から絶対湿度を算出し、温室
内相対湿度が該温室について設定した設定相対湿度より
高い場合に、温室外絶対湿度が温室内絶対湿度より高い
ときは暖房除湿を行い、温室外絶対湿度が温室内絶対湿
度より低く、かつ、外気温が室温より高いときは換気除
湿を行い、温室外絶対湿度が温室内絶対湿度より低く、
かつ、外気温が室温より低いときは暖房除湿と換気除湿
を併用することを特徴とする施設園芸用温室の除湿方法
を提供することによって解決される。[0018] Further, the above-mentioned problem is that, in dehumidifying a greenhouse for horticultural use by using both heating dehumidification using a heater and ventilation dehumidification by ventilation of the greenhouse, the room temperature, the relative humidity of the greenhouse and the outside of the greenhouse are always maintained. Temperature and relative humidity of
Calculate the absolute humidity from the temperature and relative humidity inside and outside the greenhouse, when the relative humidity inside the greenhouse is higher than the set relative humidity set for the greenhouse, when the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is higher than the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse, perform heating dehumidification, When the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is lower than the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse, and when the outside temperature is higher than room temperature, ventilation dehumidification is performed, and the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is lower than the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse.
Further, it is solved by providing a dehumidification method for a greenhouse for institutional horticulture, which is characterized by using heating dehumidification and ventilation dehumidification together when the outside air temperature is lower than room temperature.

【００１９】装置に着目すると、上記課題は、密閉され
た温室内に外気を導入する吸気用送風機またはシャッタ
と、温室内空気を排出する排気用シャッタを設け、導入
した外気を温室内の温風暖房機の送風機までビニルダク
ト等で導くことで換気除湿を行うことを特徴とする施設
園芸用温室の除湿装置を提供することによって解決され
る。Focusing on the apparatus, the above-mentioned problem is solved by providing an air blower or shutter for introducing outside air into a closed greenhouse and an exhaust shutter for discharging air inside the greenhouse, and introducing the outside air into the warm air inside the greenhouse. This is solved by providing a dehumidifying device for a greenhouse for institutional horticulture, which is characterized in that ventilation dehumidification is performed by guiding a fan of a heater with a vinyl duct or the like.

【００２０】また、上記課題は、温室内に外気を導入す
る吸気用シャッタと温室内空気を排出する排気用シャッ
タを備える温風暖房機を用い、外気を該温風暖房機の送
風機で吸い込み、温室内に拡散することで換気除湿を行
うことを特徴とする施設園芸用温室の除湿装置を提供す
ることによって解決される。Further, the above-mentioned problem is to use a warm air heater provided with an intake shutter for introducing outside air into a greenhouse and an exhaust shutter for discharging air inside the greenhouse, and sucking outside air with a blower of the warm air heater, The problem is solved by providing a dehumidifying device for a greenhouse for institutional horticulture, which is characterized by performing ventilation dehumidification by diffusing into a greenhouse.

【００２１】[0021]

【作用】本発明の第１実施例においては、(1) 外気温が
室温より高いときは、換気により外気が温室内にはいっ
ても室温低下に伴う暖房負荷の増大や相対湿度の上昇が
起きないので、まず換気除湿を行い、設定時間後も温室
内相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しないときは、換気除湿
だけでは不十分なので暖房除湿を併用して行い、(2) 外
気温が室温より低いときは、換気により外気が温室内に
はいると室温低下に伴う暖房負荷の増大や相対湿度の上
昇が起きるので、まず暖房除湿を行い、設定時間後も温
室内相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しないときは、暖房除
湿だけでは不十分なので換気除湿を併用して行う。In the first embodiment of the present invention, (1) When the outside air temperature is higher than room temperature, an increase in heating load and an increase in relative humidity occur due to the decrease in room temperature even if the outside air enters the greenhouse due to ventilation. Since there is no ventilation dehumidification first, if the relative humidity in the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity after the set time, ventilation dehumidification alone is not sufficient, so heating dehumidification is also used. When the temperature is low, if the outside air enters the greenhouse due to ventilation, the heating load increases and the relative humidity rises as the room temperature decreases.Therefore, heating dehumidification is performed first, and after the set time, the relative humidity in the greenhouse becomes the set relative humidity. If it does not reach, dehumidification by heating is not sufficient, so ventilation dehumidification is also performed.

【００２２】本発明の第２実施例においては、(1) 外気
温が暖房機の設定室温より高いときは、換気により外気
が温室内にはいっても室温低下に伴う暖房負荷の増大が
起きないので、まず換気除湿を行い、設定時間後も温室
内相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しないときは、換気除湿
だけでは不十分なので暖房除湿を併用して行い、(2) 外
気温が暖房機の設定室温より低いときは、換気により外
気が温室内にはいると室温低下に伴う暖房負荷の増大が
起きるので、まず暖房除湿を行い、設定時間後も温室内
相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しないときは、暖房除湿だ
けでは不十分なので換気除湿を併用して行う。In the second embodiment of the present invention, (1) When the outside air temperature is higher than the room temperature set by the heater, even if the outside air enters the greenhouse due to ventilation, the heating load is not increased due to the decrease in the room temperature. Therefore, first perform ventilation dehumidification, and if the relative humidity inside the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity even after the set time, ventilation dehumidification alone is not sufficient, so heating dehumidification is also used. When the temperature is lower than the set room temperature, if the outside air is inside the greenhouse due to ventilation, the heating load will increase due to the decrease in room temperature.Therefore, heating dehumidification is performed first, and the relative humidity in the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity even after the set time. At this time, heating dehumidification alone is not enough, so ventilation dehumidification is also performed.

【００２３】本発明の第３実施例においては、(1) 温室
外絶対湿度が温室内絶対湿度より高いときは、換気によ
り外気が温室内に入ると温室内絶対湿度が上昇してしま
うので、換気除湿は行わずに暖房除湿のみを行い、(2)
温室外絶対湿度が温室内絶対湿度より低く、かつ、外気
温が室温より高いときは、換気により温室内絶対湿度を
低下させ、さらに外気温が高いので室温も上昇するため
換気だけで暖房除湿効果があるので暖房除湿は必要な
く、(3) 温室外絶対湿度が温室内絶対湿度より低く、か
つ、外気温が室温より低いときは、換気により温室内絶
対湿度を低下させ、さらに暖房により室温低下を補いま
た室温を上昇させ、温室内相対湿度も低下させるのであ
る。In the third embodiment of the present invention, (1) When the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is higher than the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse, if outside air enters the greenhouse due to ventilation, the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse will rise, Only heating dehumidification is performed without ventilation dehumidification, and (2)
When the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is lower than the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse and the outside air temperature is higher than the room temperature, the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse is lowered by ventilation, and since the outside air temperature is high, the room temperature also rises, so heating and dehumidifying effect only by ventilation. There is no need for heating dehumidification. (3) When the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is lower than the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse and the outside temperature is lower than room temperature, the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse is lowered by heating, and the room temperature is lowered by heating. It also increases the room temperature and lowers the relative humidity in the greenhouse.

【００２４】本発明の第４実施例においては、 (1) 暖房除湿と換気除湿を併用して行うときに、室温が
外気温より２〜４℃高くなるように暖房することで、温
室内外の湿度状態にかかわらず、換気による温室内相対
湿度の上昇が抑えられる。これは、作物への結露や温室
内でのモヤ発生が起こりやすいのは概ね相対湿度90％以
上のときであり、室温が２〜５℃外気温より高ければ、
外気の相対湿度が 100％でも室温に換算すれば90％以下
になるためで、一般的な温室の温度範囲では気温が１℃
上昇すると相対湿度が５〜６％低下するという空気の性
質による。 (2) また、暖房除湿が、室温が外気温より２〜５℃高く
なるまでの範囲にすることで、必要以上の暖房負荷の増
大や室温上昇が抑えられる。In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, (1) When heating dehumidification and ventilation dehumidification are performed in combination, heating is performed so that the room temperature is 2 to 4 ° C. higher than the outside air temperature. Regardless of humidity conditions, increase in relative humidity in greenhouse due to ventilation is suppressed. This is because dew condensation on crops and fog in the greenhouse are likely to occur at a relative humidity of 90% or more, and if the room temperature is 2 to 5 ° C higher than the outside temperature,
This is because even if the relative humidity of the outside air is 100%, it will be 90% or less when converted to room temperature.
This is due to the property of air that the relative humidity decreases by 5 to 6% when increasing. (2) Further, by setting the heating dehumidification within a range in which the room temperature is higher than the outside air temperature by 2 to 5 ° C, it is possible to suppress an increase in heating load and an increase in room temperature more than necessary.

【００２５】本発明装置の第１のものにおいては、 (1) 密閉された温室内に外気を導入する吸気用送風機ま
たはシャッタによって、換気除湿に適した風量を過不足
なく導入することが容易になり、導入した外気を温室内
の温風暖房機の送風機を利用して、温室全体に速やかに
拡散させることができる。ここで吸気用送風機は、温風
暖房機の送風機の吸引力が強い時は、省略してシャッタ
による開閉で外気導入をはかることができる。 (2) また、外気の導入により余剰となった温室内空気
を、排気用シャッタを開いて排出することにより、スム
ーズに外気を導入でき、さらに温室内外気圧差による温
室の膨らみを抑えることができる。In the first device of the present invention, (1) it is easy to introduce an adequate amount of air suitable for ventilation / dehumidification by an intake air blower or a shutter for introducing outside air into a closed greenhouse. Therefore, the introduced outside air can be quickly diffused throughout the greenhouse by using the blower of the warm air heater in the greenhouse. Here, when the suction force of the blower of the warm air heater is strong, the intake blower can be omitted and the outside air can be introduced by opening and closing with the shutter. (2) Also, by opening the exhaust shutter and discharging the greenhouse air that has become excessive due to the introduction of outside air, the outside air can be introduced smoothly, and the swelling of the greenhouse due to the difference in outside air pressure inside the greenhouse can be suppressed. .

【００２６】本発明装置の第２のものにおいては、 (1) 密閉された温室内に外気を導入する吸気用シャッタ
を開くことによって、温室内の温風暖房機の送風機で換
気除湿に適した風量を過不足なく導入し、温室全体に速
やかに拡散させることができる。 (2) また、外気の導入により余剰となった温室内空気
を、排気用シャッタを開くことで排出することにより、
スムーズに外気を導入でき、さらに温室内外気圧差によ
る温室の膨らみを抑えることができる。 (3) また、これらの換気装置と暖房機が一体化されたこ
とで、据付や取扱が容易となり導入しやすい装置とな
る。In the second device of the present invention, (1) it is suitable for ventilation / dehumidification with a blower of a warm air heater in a greenhouse by opening an intake shutter for introducing outside air into a closed greenhouse. The air volume can be introduced just enough to quickly spread it throughout the greenhouse. (2) In addition, by discharging the excess greenhouse air due to the introduction of outside air by opening the exhaust shutter,
The outside air can be introduced smoothly and the swelling of the greenhouse due to the difference in atmospheric pressure inside and outside the greenhouse can be suppressed. (3) In addition, by integrating these ventilators and heaters, installation and handling will be easy and equipment will be easy to introduce.

【００２７】[0027]

【実施例】本発明者らは暖房除湿による相対湿度低下と
換気除湿による絶対湿度低下の相乗効果を考え、より効
率的で効果の高い方法をめざし、温室内外の温湿度環境
に着目した。温室内外の温湿度環境に応じ、暖房除湿と
換気除湿の組み合わせを変えることによって、両者の欠
点を補いつつ効果的な除湿を行うことが可能である。そ
の一つの方法として、温室外絶対湿度が温室内絶対湿度
より高いときは暖房除湿を行い、温室外絶対湿度が温室
内絶対湿度より低く、かつ、外気温が室温より高いとき
は換気除湿を行い、温室外絶対湿度が温室内絶対湿度よ
り低く、かつ、外気温が室温より低いときは暖房除湿と
換気除湿を併用する施設用温室の除湿方法がある。EXAMPLES The present inventors considered the synergistic effect of the relative humidity decrease due to heating dehumidification and the absolute humidity decrease due to ventilation dehumidification, and aimed at a more efficient and highly effective method, and focused on the temperature and humidity environment inside and outside the greenhouse. By changing the combination of heating dehumidification and ventilation dehumidification according to the temperature and humidity environment inside and outside the greenhouse, it is possible to perform effective dehumidification while compensating for the drawbacks of both. As one of the methods, heating dehumidification is performed when the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is higher than the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse, and ventilation dehumidification is performed when the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is lower than the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse and the outside temperature is higher than room temperature. , There is a dehumidification method for greenhouses for facilities that uses both heating dehumidification and ventilation dehumidification when the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is lower than the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse and the outside temperature is lower than room temperature.

【００２８】また、常時、該温室の室温、相対湿度なら
びに該温室外の気温とを測定し、温室内相対湿度が該温
室について設定した設定相対湿度より高い場合に、外気
温が温室室温より高いときは換気除湿を行い、設定時間
後も温室内相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しないときは暖
房除湿も併用して行い、外気温が温室室温より低いとき
は暖房除湿を行い、設定時間後も温室内相対湿度が設定
相対湿度に達しないときは換気除湿も併用して行う方法
がある。Further, the room temperature, the relative humidity of the greenhouse and the temperature outside the greenhouse are constantly measured, and when the relative humidity inside the greenhouse is higher than the set relative humidity set for the greenhouse, the outside temperature is higher than the room temperature of the greenhouse. When the relative humidity inside the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity even after the set time, the heating dehumidification is also performed.When the outside air temperature is lower than the room temperature of the greenhouse, the heating dehumidification is performed and the set dehumidification is performed even after the set time. When the relative humidity in the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity, ventilation dehumidification is also used.

【００２９】また、常時、該温室の室温、相対湿度なら
びに該温室外の気温とを測定し、温室内相対湿度が該温
室について設定した設定相対湿度より高い場合に、外気
温が該温室について設定した温風暖房機の運転設定温度
より高いときは換気除湿を行い、設定時間後も温室内相
対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しないときは暖房除湿も併用
して行い、外気温が該温室について設定した温風暖房機
の運転設定温度より低いときは暖房除湿を行い、設定時
間後も温室内相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しないときは
換気除湿も併用して行う方法がある。Further, the room temperature, the relative humidity of the greenhouse and the temperature outside the greenhouse are constantly measured, and when the relative humidity inside the greenhouse is higher than the set relative humidity set for the greenhouse, the outside temperature is set for the greenhouse. When the operating temperature of the warm air heater is higher than the set temperature, ventilation dehumidification is performed, and if the relative humidity inside the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity after the set time, heating dehumidification is also performed, and the outside temperature is set for the greenhouse. There is a method of performing heating dehumidification when the temperature is lower than the set temperature of the warm air heater, and also performing ventilation dehumidification when the relative humidity in the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity after the set time.

【００３０】また、暖房除湿と換気除湿を併用して行う
ときに、室温が外気温より２〜５℃高くなるよう暖房し
ながら換気する方法がある。There is also a method of performing ventilation while heating so that the room temperature is higher than the outside air temperature by 2 to 5 ° C. when the heating dehumidification and the ventilation dehumidification are used together.

【００３１】さらに、上記した除湿方法を効果的に行う
ためにそれに適した装置を使用することが望ましい。そ
の一つの装置として、密閉された温室内に外気を導入す
る吸気用送風機またはシャッタとそれにより余剰となっ
た温室内空気を排出する排気用シャッタを設け、導入し
た外気を温室内の温風暖房機の送風機までビニルダクト
等で導くことで換気除湿を行う除湿装置がある。Furthermore, in order to effectively carry out the above-mentioned dehumidification method, it is desirable to use an apparatus suitable for it. As one of these devices, an intake blower or shutter for introducing outside air into a closed greenhouse and an exhaust shutter for discharging excess greenhouse air are provided, and the introduced outside air is heated by warm air in the greenhouse. There is a dehumidifier that conducts ventilation and dehumidification by guiding it to the blower of the machine with a vinyl duct.

【００３２】また、密閉された温室内に外気を導入する
吸気用シャッタとそれにより余剰となった温室内空気を
排出する排気用シャッタを備える温風暖房機を用い、外
気を該温風暖房機の送風機で吸い込み、温室内に拡散す
ることで換気除湿を行うことを特徴とする施設園芸用温
室の除湿装置がある。A warm air heater provided with an intake shutter for introducing outside air into a closed greenhouse and an exhaust shutter for discharging excess greenhouse air therein is used, and the outside air is heated by the warm air heater. There is a dehumidifying device for a greenhouse for institutional horticulture, which is characterized by performing ventilation and dehumidification by sucking it in with a blower and diffusing into the greenhouse.

【００３３】以下、本発明の除湿方法を具体的に説明す
る。暖房除湿は室温を上昇させることで相対湿度を低下
させる。これは、一般的な温室の温度範囲では、空気中
の水分量が変化しなければ気温が１℃上昇すると相対湿
度が５〜６％低下するという空気の性質によるものであ
る。一方、換気除湿は温室内の水分を換気によって室外
に排出することで絶対湿度を低下させる。この両者の組
み合わせによって除湿を行う。しかし、効率的な除湿を
行うためには、湿度だけでなく、温度も含めた温室環境
や、設備や運転にかかわる経費も含めて考慮する必要が
ある。The dehumidifying method of the present invention will be specifically described below. Heating dehumidification lowers the relative humidity by raising the room temperature. This is due to the nature of air in a general greenhouse temperature range, in which the relative humidity decreases by 5 to 6% when the temperature rises by 1 ° C. unless the amount of water in the air changes. On the other hand, ventilation dehumidification lowers absolute humidity by discharging moisture in the greenhouse to the outside by ventilation. Dehumidification is performed by a combination of both. However, in order to perform efficient dehumidification, it is necessary to consider not only the humidity but also the greenhouse environment including the temperature and the cost related to equipment and operation.

【００３４】本発明の第１実施例は図５に示される如く
に実施されるもので、図中、11は施設園芸用温室 (以
下、単に温室という。）、12は室温センサ、13は室内相
対湿度センサ、14は外気温センサ、15は制御手段、16は
入力部、17は制御部、18は出力部、19は暖房手段 (温風
暖房機) 、20は換気手段 (例えば換気ユニット) であ
る。この実施例においては、室温センサ12と外気温セン
サ14を用い温室11の室温Tiと外気温Toを、また室内相対
湿度センサ13で温室内相対湿度 RHiを測定し、その状態
から、暖房手段19を用いる暖房除湿または換気手段20に
よる換気除湿を行う。なお、本項以下において、 RHc は温室内設定相対湿度 Tcは暖房手段の設定室温（運転設定温度） RHi は温室内相対湿度 AHi は温室内絶対湿度 Tiは室温 RHo は温室外相対湿度 AHo は温室外絶対湿度 Toは外気温 をそれぞれ表す。The first embodiment of the present invention is implemented as shown in FIG. 5, in which 11 is a greenhouse for institutional horticulture (hereinafter, simply referred to as greenhouse), 12 is a room temperature sensor, and 13 is a room. Relative humidity sensor, 14 outside temperature sensor, 15 control means, 16 input section, 17 control section, 18 output section, 19 heating means (hot air heater), 20 ventilation means (for example ventilation unit) Is. In this embodiment, the room temperature sensor 12 and the outside temperature sensor 14 are used to measure the room temperature Ti and the outside temperature To of the greenhouse 11, and the indoor relative humidity sensor 13 measures the inside greenhouse relative humidity RHi. Dehumidifying by heating or ventilation by means of ventilation means 20 is performed. In this section and below, RHc is the relative humidity set in the greenhouse Tc is the room temperature set by the heating means (operating set temperature) RHi is the relative humidity inside the greenhouse AHi is the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse Ti is room temperature RHo is the relative humidity outside the greenhouse AHo is the greenhouse Outside absolute humidity To represents the outside temperature.

【００３５】温室内相対湿度 RHiが設定湿度 RHcより上
昇した場合に、 (1) 外気温Toが室温Tiより高いとき（To＞Ti）は、換気
除湿を行い、設定時間が経過しても温室内の相対湿度 R
Hiが設定相対湿度 RHcに達しないときは暖房除湿も併用
して行う。 (2) 外気温Toが室温Tiより低いとき（To＜Ti）は、暖房
除湿を行い、設定時間が経過しても温室内相対湿度 RHi
が設定相対湿度 RHcに達しないときは換気除湿も併用し
て行う。 このように、内外気温状態により除湿方法を切り替える
ことで、やや効率は落ちるが、制御が簡易となり低コス
トな設備で除湿が行える。When the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse rises above the set humidity RHc, (1) When the outside air temperature To is higher than the room temperature Ti (To> Ti), ventilation dehumidification is performed and even if the set time elapses Relative humidity in R
When Hi does not reach the set relative humidity RHc, heating dehumidification is also performed. (2) When the outside air temperature To is lower than the room temperature Ti (To <Ti), heating dehumidification is performed, and the relative humidity RHi
When does not reach the set relative humidity RHc, ventilation dehumidification is also performed. In this way, by switching the dehumidification method depending on the inside / outside air temperature state, although the efficiency is slightly lowered, dehumidification can be performed with simple control and low cost equipment.

【００３６】(1) の場合について説明すると、外気温To
が室温Tiより高いときは、換気により外気が温室11内に
入れば室温Tiも上昇するため暖房除湿効果もあり、換気
除湿で問題となる暖房負荷の増大が無いので、まず換気
除湿を行う。しかし、温室内外の絶対湿度差が小さい場
合や温室外絶対湿度 AHoの方が高い場合には、温室11内
の相対湿度はなかなか低下しない。そこで、設定時間が
経過しても温室内相対湿度 RHiが設定相対湿度 RHcに達
しないときは換気除湿も併用して行う。Explaining the case of (1), the outside temperature To
When room temperature Ti is higher than room temperature Ti, room temperature Ti also rises if outside air enters greenhouse 11 due to ventilation, so there is also a heating dehumidifying effect, and since there is no increase in the heating load that is a problem in ventilation dehumidifying, ventilation dehumidifying is performed first. However, when the absolute humidity difference between the inside and outside of the greenhouse is small or when the absolute humidity AHo outside the greenhouse is higher, the relative humidity inside the greenhouse 11 does not easily decrease. Therefore, if the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity RHc even after the set time has passed, ventilation dehumidification is also performed.

【００３７】(2) の場合については、外気温Toが室温Ti
より低いときは、換気により外気が温室11内に入れば室
温Tiが低下し暖房負荷が増大するので、まず暖房除湿を
行う。しかし、室温Tiの上昇に伴い作物や地面からの蒸
発散が盛んになり、温室内相対湿度 RHiがなかなか低下
しない場合がある。そこで、設定時間が経過しても温室
内相対湿度 RHiが設定相対湿度 RHcに達しないときは換
気除湿も併用して行う。In the case of (2), the outside temperature To is the room temperature Ti
When the temperature is lower, the room temperature Ti is lowered and the heating load is increased if the outside air enters the greenhouse 11 due to the ventilation, so the heating dehumidification is first performed. However, as the room temperature Ti rises, evapotranspiration from crops and the ground becomes more active, and the relative humidity in the greenhouse RHi may not decrease easily. Therefore, if the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity RHc even after the set time has passed, ventilation dehumidification is also performed.

【００３８】上記の操作は図１のフローチャートに示
す。The above operation is shown in the flow chart of FIG.

【００３９】設定時間は温室内の相対湿度 RHiの変化か
ら、10〜60分の範囲で設定される。温室内の相対湿度 R
Hiの変化は、温室11の構造や大きさ、作物の繁茂状態、
外気条件および除湿装置の能力などにより影響される。
例えば、温室11が小さく作物もまだ小さい場合、温室11
内の空気は拡散し易く、作物や地面からの蒸発散も少な
いので、暖房や換気により温室内相対湿度 RHiは短時間
で変化し易い。逆に温室11が大きく作物も大きい場合、
温室11内の空気は拡散しにくく、作物や地面からの蒸発
散も多いので、暖房や換気により温室内相対湿度 RHiは
すぐには変化せず、ムラも発生し易い。設定時間はこれ
らの点を考慮し、実際の温室内相対湿度RHi の変化を見
ながら使用者により決定される。The set time is set in the range of 10 to 60 minutes from the change of the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse. Relative humidity in greenhouse R
The change in Hi depends on the structure and size of the greenhouse 11, the growing condition of crops,
It is affected by outside air conditions and the capacity of the dehumidifier.
For example, if greenhouse 11 is small and crops are still small, greenhouse 11
Since the air inside is easily diffused and the evapotranspiration from crops and the ground is small, the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse tends to change in a short time due to heating and ventilation. Conversely, if the greenhouse 11 is large and the crop is large,
Since the air in the greenhouse 11 is difficult to diffuse and there is a large amount of evapotranspiration from crops and the ground, the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse does not change immediately due to heating and ventilation, and unevenness is likely to occur. In consideration of these points, the set time is determined by the user while observing the actual change in the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse.

【００４０】湿度の計測は温度に比べて難しく、特に高
湿度状態を精度良く測定するには高コストな設備となっ
てしまうので、温室内外気温による暖房除湿と換気除湿
の併用は、後述する本発明の第３実施例に比べて低コス
トで実施でき、導入も比較的容易となる。ただし、無駄
な除湿運転も増え効率的にはやや落ちる。Since the measurement of humidity is more difficult than the measurement of temperature, and it becomes a high-cost equipment to measure a high humidity condition with high accuracy, the combined use of heating dehumidification and ventilation dehumidification depending on the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse is described later. Compared to the third embodiment of the invention, it can be implemented at a lower cost and is relatively easy to introduce. However, wasteful dehumidifying operation also increases and efficiency drops slightly.

【００４１】上記の操作を図５を参照して要約すると、
室温センサ12、室内相対湿度センサ13および外気温セン
サ14で温室内外の気温および温室内相対湿度を測定す
る。これらのデータは入力部16へ入力され、続いて入力
部16から制御部17へと入力されると、制御部17はそのデ
ータの各値から除湿方法を判断して出力部18へ信号を送
り、出力部18から暖房手段19と換気手段20へそれぞれ運
転指令を出す。The above operation is summarized with reference to FIG.
A room temperature sensor 12, an indoor relative humidity sensor 13 and an outside air temperature sensor 14 measure the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse and the relative humidity inside the greenhouse. When these data are input to the input unit 16 and then from the input unit 16 to the control unit 17, the control unit 17 determines the dehumidification method from each value of the data and sends a signal to the output unit 18. The output unit 18 issues operation commands to the heating means 19 and the ventilation means 20, respectively.

【００４２】本発明の第２実施例は図６に示される如く
に実施され、同図において図５に示した部分と同じ部分
は同じ符号で示す。この実施例においては、室温センサ
12と外気温センサ14を用い温室11内外の気温を、また室
内相対湿度センサ12で温室内相対湿度 RHiを測定し、そ
の状態と該温室について設定した温風暖房機19の運転設
定温度から、暖房除湿または換気除湿を行う。The second embodiment of the present invention is carried out as shown in FIG. 6, in which the same parts as those shown in FIG. 5 are designated by the same reference numerals. In this example, the room temperature sensor
The temperature inside and outside the greenhouse 11 using 12 and the outside air temperature sensor 14, and the indoor relative humidity RHi is measured by the indoor relative humidity sensor 12, and from that state and the operating set temperature of the warm air heater 19 set for the greenhouse, Perform heating dehumidification or ventilation dehumidification.

【００４３】温室内相対湿度 RHiが温室内設定相対湿度
RHcより上昇した場合に、 (1) 外気温Toが温室11について設定した温風暖房機19の
運転設定温度Tcより高いとき（To＞Tc）は、換気除湿を
行い、設定時間が経過しても温室11内の相対湿度RHi が
温室内設定相対湿度 RHcに達しないときは暖房除湿も併
用して行う。 (2) 外気温Toが温室11について設定した温風暖房機19の
運転設定温度Tcより低いとき（To＜Tc）は、暖房除湿を
行い、設定時間が経過しても温室内相対湿度 RHiが温室
内設定相対湿度 RHcに達しないときは換気除湿も併用し
て行う。 このように、内外気温状態により除湿方法を切り替える
ことで、やや効率は落ちるが、制御が簡易となり低コス
トな設備で除湿が行える。Relative humidity in greenhouse RHi is set relative humidity in greenhouse
When the temperature rises above RHc, (1) When the outside air temperature To is higher than the operation set temperature Tc of the hot air heater 19 set for the greenhouse 11 (To> Tc), ventilation dehumidification is performed and the set time elapses. When the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse 11 does not reach the set relative humidity RHc in the greenhouse 11, heating dehumidification is also used. (2) When the outside air temperature To is lower than the operation set temperature Tc of the warm air heater 19 set for the greenhouse 11 (To <Tc), heating dehumidification is performed, and the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse remains even after the set time elapses. When the set relative humidity RHc in the greenhouse is not reached, ventilation dehumidification is also performed. In this way, by switching the dehumidification method depending on the inside / outside air temperature state, although the efficiency is slightly lowered, dehumidification can be performed with simple control and low cost equipment.

【００４４】(1) の場合、外気温Toが温風暖房機19の運
転設定温度Tcより高いときは、換気除湿で問題となる暖
房負荷の増大が無いので、まず換気除湿を行う。しか
し、温室内外の絶対湿度差が小さい場合や温室外絶対湿
度 AHoの方が高い場合には、温室内相対湿度 RHiはなか
なか低下しない。そこで、設定時間が経過しても温室内
相対湿度 RHiが温室内設定相対湿度 RHcに達しないとき
は換気除湿も併用して行う。In the case of (1), when the outside air temperature To is higher than the operation set temperature Tc of the warm air heater 19, there is no increase in the heating load which is a problem in ventilation dehumidification, and therefore ventilation dehumidification is performed first. However, when the absolute humidity difference inside and outside the greenhouse is small or when the absolute humidity AHo outside the greenhouse is higher, the relative humidity RHi inside the greenhouse does not decrease easily. Therefore, when the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity RHc in the greenhouse even after the set time elapses, ventilation dehumidification is also performed.

【００４５】(2) の場合、外気温Toが温風暖房機19の運
転設定温度Tcより低いときは、換気により外気が温室11
内に入れば室温が低下し暖房負荷が増大するので、まず
暖房除湿を行う。しかし、室温Tiの上昇に伴い作物や地
面からの蒸発散が盛んになり、温室内相対湿度 RHiがな
かなか低下しない場合がある。そこで、設定時間が経過
しても温室内相対湿度 RHiが温室内設定相対湿度 RHcに
達しないときは換気除湿も併用して行う。In the case of (2), when the outside air temperature To is lower than the operation set temperature Tc of the warm air heater 19, the outside air is heated to the greenhouse 11 by the ventilation.
If it goes inside, the room temperature will drop and the heating load will increase, so first dehumidify the heating. However, as the room temperature Ti rises, evapotranspiration from crops and the ground becomes more active, and the relative humidity in the greenhouse RHi may not decrease easily. Therefore, when the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity RHc in the greenhouse even after the set time elapses, ventilation dehumidification is also performed.

【００４６】上記の操作は図２のフローチャートに示
す。The above operation is shown in the flow chart of FIG.

【００４７】設定時間は温室内相対湿度 RHiの変化か
ら、10〜60分の範囲で設定される。温室内相対湿度 RHi
の変化は、温室11の構造や大きさ、作物の繁茂状態、外
気条件および除湿装置の能力などにより影響される。例
えば、温室11が小さく作物もまだ小さい場合、温室11内
の空気は拡散し易く、作物や地面からの蒸発散も少ない
ので、暖房や換気により温室内相対湿度 RHiは短時間で
変化し易い。逆に温室11が大きく作物も大きい場合、温
室11内の空気は拡散しにくく、作物や地面からの蒸発散
も多いので、暖房や換気により温室内相対湿度 RHiはす
ぐには変化せず、ムラも発生し易い。設定時間はこれら
の点を考慮し、実際の温室内相対湿度 RHiの変化を見な
がら使用者により決定される。The set time is set in the range of 10 to 60 minutes from the change in the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse. Relative humidity in greenhouse RHi
Of the greenhouse 11 is affected by the structure and size of the greenhouse 11, the growing condition of crops, the outside air condition, and the capacity of the dehumidifier. For example, when the greenhouse 11 is small and the crop is also small, the air in the greenhouse 11 is easily diffused and the evapotranspiration from the crop and the ground is small, so that the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse is easily changed in a short time by heating or ventilation. On the contrary, when the greenhouse 11 is large and the crop is large, the air in the greenhouse 11 is difficult to diffuse and the evapotranspiration from the crop and the ground is large. Is also likely to occur. In consideration of these points, the set time is determined by the user while observing the actual change in the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse.

【００４８】この方法は、前記の第１実施例と同様に簡
易で低コストな除湿方法であるが、第１実施例のように
外気温Toと室温Tiを比較した場合、昼間は日射により室
温Tiの方が外気温Toより高く、夜間でも特に室温Tiが低
いときは地面からの伝熱により室温Tiの方が外気温Toよ
り高くなることが多いため、夜間に室温Tiが低温で管理
される場合など栽培形態によっては換気除湿が行なわれ
ず暖房除湿がほとんどになってしまうことがある。その
ようなときは、外気温Toと温風暖房機19の運転設定温度
Tcを比較することで外気温Toと室温Tiを比較するより換
気除湿の機会が増え、より効率的な除湿が行える。ただ
し、作物や生育状況によって変化する温風暖房機19の運
転設定温度Tcを、温風暖房機19だけでなく除湿装置にも
入力する必要が生じる。This method is a simple and low-cost dehumidifying method similar to the first embodiment. However, when the outside air temperature To and the room temperature Ti are compared as in the first embodiment, the room temperature is exposed to sunlight at room temperature during the day. When Ti is higher than the outside temperature To and especially at night when the room temperature Ti is low, the room temperature Ti is often higher than the outside temperature To due to heat transfer from the ground, so the room temperature Ti is controlled at a low temperature at night. Depending on the cultivation type, ventilation dehumidification may not be performed, and heating dehumidification may be almost complete. In such a case, the outside temperature To and the set operating temperature of the warm air heater 19
By comparing Tc, the chances of ventilation dehumidification increase and the more efficient dehumidification can be performed compared with comparing the outside air temperature To with the room temperature Ti. However, it is necessary to input the operation set temperature Tc of the warm air heater 19 that changes depending on the crop and the growing condition not only to the warm air heater 19 but also to the dehumidifier.

【００４９】上記の操作を図６を参照して要約すると、
室内相対湿度センサ12で室内相対湿度を、外気温センサ
13で外気温を測定する。これらのデータは入力部16へ入
力され、入力部16は制御部17へ信号を出力し、制御部17
でデータの各値から除湿方法を判断して信号を出力部18
へ送る。次いで、出力部18は暖房手段19、換気手段20へ
運転指令を出す。制御手段15には暖房手段の設定室温
(運転設定温度) を入力する必要があり、それは人手に
よりまたは暖房手段19から信号を出すようにして入力す
る。The above operation is summarized with reference to FIG.
The indoor relative humidity sensor 12 measures the indoor relative humidity and the outdoor temperature sensor.
Measure the outside temperature at 13. These data are input to the input unit 16, and the input unit 16 outputs a signal to the control unit 17,
Determining the dehumidification method from each value of the data with
Send to. Next, the output unit 18 issues an operation command to the heating means 19 and the ventilation means 20. The control means 15 has the set room temperature of the heating means.
It is necessary to input (operating set temperature), which is input manually or by issuing a signal from the heating means 19.

【００５０】本発明の第３実施例においては、温室内外
の気温と相対湿度を測定し、直接にまたはマイクロプロ
セッサ等で演算して下記の項目を検出し、その状態か
ら、暖房除湿または換気除湿を行う。 温室内気温（室温）・・・ Ti 温室内相対湿度 ・・・ RHi 温室内絶対湿度 ・・・ AHi 温室外気温（外気温）・・・ To 温室外相対湿度 ・・・ RHo 温室外絶対湿度 ・・・ AHoIn the third embodiment of the present invention, the temperature and relative humidity inside and outside the greenhouse are measured, and the following items are detected directly or by calculating with a microprocessor or the like, and the heating dehumidification or ventilation dehumidification is performed from the state. I do. Temperature inside greenhouse (room temperature) ・ ・ ・ Ti Relative humidity inside greenhouse ・ ・ ・ RHi Absolute humidity inside greenhouse ・ ・ ・ AHi Outside temperature (outside temperature) ・ ・ ・ To Outside relative humidity ・ ・ ・ RHo Outside absolute humidity ・..AHo

【００５１】温室内相対湿度 RHiが設定湿度 RHcより上
昇した場合に、 (1) 温室外絶対湿度 AHoが温室内絶対湿度 AHiよりも高
いときは、暖房除湿を行う。 (2) 温室外絶対湿度 AHoが温室内絶対湿度 AHiよりも低
く、かつ、外気温Toが室温Tiより高いときは、換気除湿
を行う。 (3) 温室外絶対湿度 AHoが温室内絶対湿度 AHiよりも低
く、かつ、外気温Toが室温Tiより低いときは、暖房除湿
と換気除湿を併用して行う。 このように、内外温湿度状態により除湿方法を切り替え
ることで、より効率的な除湿が行える。When the relative humidity RHi in the greenhouse rises above the set humidity RHc, (1) When the absolute humidity AHo outside the greenhouse is higher than the absolute humidity AHi inside the greenhouse, heating dehumidification is performed. (2) When the absolute humidity AHo outside the greenhouse is lower than the absolute humidity AHi inside the greenhouse and the outside air temperature To is higher than the room temperature Ti, ventilation dehumidification is performed. (3) When the absolute humidity AHo outside the greenhouse is lower than the absolute humidity AHi inside the greenhouse and the outside temperature To is lower than the room temperature Ti, heating dehumidification and ventilation dehumidification are used together. In this way, more efficient dehumidification can be performed by switching the dehumidification method depending on the inside / outside temperature / humidity state.

【００５２】(1) の場合、温室外絶対湿度 AHoが温室内
絶対湿度 AHiより高いときは、換気により外気が温室11
内に入ると温室内絶対湿度 AHiが上昇してしまうため、
暖房除湿のみを行う。(2) の例で、温室外絶対湿度 AHo
が温室内絶対湿度 AHiより低く、かつ、外気温Toが室温
Tiより高いときは、換気により外気が温室11内に入れば
温室内絶対湿度 AHiは低下し、さらに外気温Toが高いの
で室温Tiも上昇するため暖房除湿効果もあり、換気除湿
のみを行う。(3) において、温室外絶対湿度 AHoが温室
内絶対湿度 AHiよりも低く、かつ、外気温Toが室温Tiよ
り低いときは、換気により温室内絶対湿度 AHiを低下さ
せ、さらに暖房により室温Tiの低下を補いまた室温Tiを
上昇させ温室内相対湿度 AHiを低下させるため、換気除
湿と暖房除湿を併用させる。In the case of (1), when the absolute humidity AHo outside the greenhouse is higher than the absolute humidity AHi inside the greenhouse, the outside air is ventilated due to ventilation.
If you go inside, the absolute humidity AHi in the greenhouse will rise, so
Only heat and dehumidify. In the example of (2), the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse AHo
Is lower than the absolute humidity AHi in the greenhouse, and the outside temperature To is room temperature
When it is higher than Ti, if the outside air enters the greenhouse 11 due to ventilation, the absolute humidity AHi inside the greenhouse decreases, and since the outside air temperature To is high, the room temperature Ti also rises, so there is a heating dehumidification effect, and only ventilation dehumidification is performed. In (3), when the absolute humidity AHo outside the greenhouse is lower than the absolute humidity AHi inside the greenhouse, and the outside temperature To is lower than the room temperature Ti, the absolute humidity AHi inside the greenhouse is lowered by ventilation, and the room temperature Ti Ventilation dehumidification and heating dehumidification are used together to compensate for the decrease and increase the room temperature Ti and reduce the greenhouse relative humidity AHi.

【００５３】上記の操作は図３のフローチャートに示
す。The above operation is shown in the flow chart of FIG.

【００５４】上記の操作を図７により説明する。同図に
おいて、図５と図６に示した部分と同じ部分は同じ符号
で示し、17Ａは演算制御部、21は外気相対湿度センサで
ある。室温センサ12、室内相対湿度センサ13、外気相対
湿度センサ21で温室内外の気温と相対湿度を測定し、こ
れらのデータを入力部16へ入力すると、入力部16はそれ
を演算制御部17Ａへ出力する。演算制御部17Ａでこれら
データの各値から温室内外絶対湿度を演算比較し、除湿
方法を判断し、出力部18へ信号を送ると、出力部18から
暖房手段19、換気手段のそれぞれへ運転指令を出す。The above operation will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, 17A is a calculation control unit, and 21 is an outside air relative humidity sensor. The room temperature sensor 12, the indoor relative humidity sensor 13, and the outside air relative humidity sensor 21 measure the temperature and relative humidity inside and outside the greenhouse, and when these data are input to the input unit 16, the input unit 16 outputs them to the arithmetic control unit 17A. To do. The calculation control unit 17A calculates and compares the absolute humidity inside and outside the greenhouse from each value of these data, determines the dehumidifying method, and sends a signal to the output unit 18, and the output unit 18 issues a driving command to each of the heating means 19 and the ventilation means. Give out.

【００５５】第３実施例の方法は本発明者らはほぼ完璧
なものと判断するが、設置部品が多くなり装置が高価に
なる。Although the inventors of the present invention judge that the method of the third embodiment is almost perfect, the number of installed parts is large and the apparatus is expensive.

【００５６】本発明の第４実施例においては、暖房除湿
と換気除湿を併用して行う場合に、室温Tiが外気温Toよ
り２〜５℃高くなるよう暖房しながら換気する。このよ
うに、内外気温差を２〜５℃の範囲内に保ちながら換気
を行うことで、換気による室内相対湿度 RHiの逆上昇や
必要以上の暖房負荷の増大や室温上昇がより簡易な方法
で防ぐことができる。In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, when heating dehumidification and ventilation dehumidification are used in combination, ventilation is performed while heating so that the room temperature Ti becomes 2 to 5 ° C. higher than the outside air temperature To. In this way, by performing ventilation while maintaining the inside and outside air temperature difference within the range of 2 to 5 ° C, it is possible to easily increase the indoor relative humidity RHi by ventilation, increase the heating load more than necessary, and increase the room temperature. Can be prevented.

【００５７】上記は、作物への結露や温室11内でのモヤ
発生が起こりやすいのは概ね相対湿度90％以上のときで
あり、この範囲の高湿度防止が目的となる。そこで、室
温Tiを２〜５℃の範囲内で外気温Toより高く保てば、外
気の相対湿度 RHoが 100％でも室温Tiに換算すれば90％
以下になるため、換気により室内相対湿度 RHiが逆に上
昇してしまうことが防げる。このことは、一般的な温室
の温度範囲では気温が１℃上昇すると相対湿度が５〜６
％低下するという空気の性質による。この方法は、換気
除湿時に温室内外湿度状態によっては逆に温室内湿度が
上昇してしまうことを簡易に防ぐことができる。In the above description, the dew condensation on crops and the occurrence of fog in the greenhouse 11 are likely to occur at a relative humidity of 90% or more, and the purpose is to prevent high humidity in this range. Therefore, if the room temperature Ti is kept higher than the outside air temperature To within the range of 2 to 5 ° C, even if the relative humidity RHo of the outside air is 100%, it will be 90% if converted to room temperature Ti.
Because of the following, it is possible to prevent the indoor relative humidity RHi from rising due to ventilation. This means that in a general greenhouse temperature range, when the temperature rises by 1 ° C, the relative humidity increases by 5-6.
Due to the nature of the air, it decreases. This method can easily prevent the humidity in the greenhouse from rising at the time of dehumidification by ventilation, depending on the conditions of humidity inside and outside the greenhouse.

【００５８】また、暖房除湿が、室温が外気温より２〜
５℃高くなるまでの範囲になるので、必要以上の暖房負
荷の増大や室温上昇が抑えられる。ただし、第１から第
４実施例のいずれにおいても、室温が作物や栽培方法に
より作業者によって判断される上限温度が入力可能と
し、暖房除湿は室温が上限温度を超えない範囲内で行な
う。In the heating dehumidification, the room temperature is 2 to more than the ambient temperature.
Since the temperature rises up to 5 ° C, it is possible to suppress an increase in heating load and an increase in room temperature more than necessary. However, in any of the first to fourth embodiments, the upper limit temperature, which is determined by the operator depending on the crop or the cultivation method, can be input as the room temperature, and heating dehumidification is performed within a range in which the room temperature does not exceed the upper limit temperature.

【００５９】本発明の方法の実施においては２つの装置
を使用するが、第１の装置を図８を参照して説明しよ
う。図８は図５〜７に示された換気手段20の図で、同図
(a)と(b) は換気手段20の平面図と、換気手段20の据付
例の一部断面で示す正面図で、図中、図５〜７に示した
部分と同じ部分は同一符号で示し、21は外気吸込口、22
は外気吹出口、23は外気吹込用の送風機、24は室内空気
吹込口、25は室内空気吹出口、26はシャッタ、27はシャ
ッタ開閉用のモータ、28は外気導入用のダクト、29は室
内空気排出用のダクト、31はバーナ、32は送風機、33は
温風吹出口、34は制御盤、35Ａと35Ｂはカーテン、36は
換気手段20を据え付けるための位置調整用の架台であ
る。図８の換気手段20の動作について説明すると、外気
吸込用の送風機23はＩで示す外気を矢印方向に吹込みそ
れを外気吹出口22で温室内へ吹出す。外気吸込用の送風
機23の動作と同時にシャッタ開閉用モータ27が動作して
シャッタ26を開き、温室内で余剰となったＶで示す温室
内空気を外気吹出口22より矢印方向に吹込み室内空気吹
出口25から吹出す。または前記の動作に代えてシャッタ
26をシャッタ開閉用モータ27を動かして開くことで内外
気圧差により自然に吹出される構成としてもよい。この
ことが可能な理由は、最近の温室は外気の出入を抑える
ため温室内へ外気を続いて吹込むと温室がふくらむ程度
に密閉状態に作られているからである。場合によって
は、外気吹込用モータ23は用いないで、外気吹込口21に
シャッタ26と同様のシャッタ (図示せず）を設け、この
シャッタを通して外気を吸込むようにしてもよい。Two devices are used in the practice of the method of the present invention, the first device will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a view of the ventilation means 20 shown in FIGS.
(a) and (b) are a plan view of the ventilation means 20 and a front view showing a partial cross section of an installation example of the ventilation means 20. In the figure, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. , 21 is the outside air intake port, 22
Is an outside air outlet, 23 is a blower for blowing outside air, 24 is an indoor air inlet, 25 is an indoor air outlet, 26 is a shutter, 27 is a motor for opening and closing a shutter, 28 is a duct for introducing outside air, and 29 is indoors. A duct for discharging air, 31 is a burner, 32 is a blower, 33 is a hot air outlet, 34 is a control panel, 35A and 35B are curtains, and 36 is a pedestal for adjusting the position for installing the ventilation means 20. Explaining the operation of the ventilation means 20 in FIG. 8, the blower 23 for sucking in the outside air blows the outside air indicated by I in the direction of the arrow and blows it out into the greenhouse at the outside air outlet 22. Simultaneously with the operation of the blower 23 for sucking outside air, the shutter opening / closing motor 27 operates to open the shutter 26, and the excess greenhouse air in the greenhouse indicated by V is blown from the outside air outlet 22 in the direction of the arrow to the indoor air. It blows out from the outlet 25. Alternatively, in place of the above operation, the shutter
26 may be configured to be naturally blown out by moving the shutter opening / closing motor 27 to open it due to the difference between the internal and external atmospheric pressures. The reason why this is possible is that modern greenhouses are made in a sealed state to the extent that the greenhouse swells when the outside air is continuously blown into the greenhouse in order to suppress the entry and exit of the outside air. In some cases, the outside air blowing motor 23 may not be used, but a shutter (not shown) similar to the shutter 26 may be provided at the outside air blowing port 21, and the outside air may be sucked through this shutter.

【００６０】図８ (b)を参照すると、換気手段20の送る
外気が暖房手段 (温風暖房機) 19の送風機32の空気吸込
口へ供給される。そのために、換気手段20を温室11に据
え付けるときに、外気導入用ダクト28と室内空気排出用
ダクト29を温室11、カーテン35Ａと35Ｂを貫通させ、外
気導入用ダクト28で外気を暖房手段 (温風暖房機) 19の
送風機32まで導く。送風機32は外気Ｉと室内空気Ｖを同
時に吸込み、温風吹出口33から温風として吹出させて温
室11全体に拡散する。Referring to FIG. 8B, the outside air sent from the ventilation means 20 is supplied to the air suction port of the blower 32 of the heating means (warm air heater) 19. Therefore, when the ventilation means 20 is installed in the greenhouse 11, the outside air introduction duct 28 and the indoor air discharge duct 29 are penetrated through the greenhouse 11 and the curtains 35A and 35B, and the outside air introduction duct 28 is used to heat the outside air (heating means). Wind heater) 19 blower to 32. The blower 32 sucks the outside air I and the indoor air V at the same time, blows it out as warm air from the warm air outlet 33, and diffuses it throughout the greenhouse 11.

【００６１】換気除湿時に、密閉された温室11内に外気
Ｉを導入する外気吸込用送風機23またはシャッタと、温
室内空気を排出する排気用のシャッタ26を設け、導入し
た外気を温室内の暖房手段（温風暖房機）19の送風機32
までビニルダクト28で導くことで換気除湿を行うことを
特徴とする除湿装置を利用する。 (ｉ) 密閉された温室11内に外気Ｉを導入する吸気用送
風機23またはシャッタによって、換気除湿に適した風量
を過不足なく導入することが容易になり、導入した外気
Ｉを温室11内の温風暖房機19の送風機32までビニルダク
ト28で導き、それを利用して、温室11全体に速やかに拡
散させることができる。 （ii）また、外気Ｉの導入により余剰となった温室内空
気Ｖを、排気用シャッタ26で排出することにより、スム
ーズに外気Ｉを導入でき、さらに温室内外気圧差による
温室の膨らみを抑えることができる。At the time of ventilation / dehumidification, an outside air intake blower 23 or shutter for introducing outside air I and a shutter 26 for exhausting air inside the greenhouse are provided in the closed greenhouse 11 to heat the introduced outside air. Blower 32 of means (warm air heater) 19
A dehumidifying device characterized by performing ventilation dehumidification by guiding up to the vinyl duct 28 is used. (i) The intake blower 23 or the shutter for introducing the outside air I into the closed greenhouse 11 makes it easy to introduce an air volume suitable for ventilation / dehumidification without excess or deficiency, and introduces the outside air I into the greenhouse 11. The vinyl duct 28 leads to the blower 32 of the warm air heater 19 and can be quickly diffused throughout the greenhouse 11 by utilizing it. (Ii) Further, by discharging the excess air V in the greenhouse due to the introduction of the outside air I by the exhaust shutter 26, the outside air I can be introduced smoothly, and the swelling of the greenhouse due to the difference in the atmospheric pressure inside the greenhouse can be suppressed. You can

【００６２】この装置は、換気除湿を従来の換気装置よ
り効率良く行える。 （イ）換気除湿に適した換気量になるので、必要以上の
換気を行って暖房負荷の増大を招くことが少ない。ま
た、少ない換気量でも温風暖房機19の送風機32を利用す
ることで、導入した外気Ｉを温室11全体に速やかに拡散
させることができ、温度ムラや湿度ムラを抑えることが
できる。 （ロ）温室11の高湿度は温室の密閉度が高いほど起きや
すくなるので、外気Ｉの導入により温室内空気Ｖが余剰
となり、温室内気圧が外気圧より高くなり、スムーズな
外気の導入が妨げられたり、温室自信が膨らんだりする
ことを防ぐため、排気用シャッタで温室内空気を排出す
る。また、無駄な温室内外空気交換を防ぐため、排気用
シャッタは吸気用送風機またはシャッタと同時に動作す
るか、温室内外気圧差が一定以上になったときのみ動作
させる。This device can perform ventilation dehumidification more efficiently than the conventional ventilation device. (A) Ventilation Since the ventilation amount is suitable for dehumidification, it is less likely to increase the heating load by performing more ventilation than necessary. Further, by using the blower 32 of the warm air heater 19 even with a small ventilation amount, the introduced outside air I can be quickly diffused throughout the greenhouse 11, and temperature unevenness and humidity unevenness can be suppressed. (B) Higher humidity in the greenhouse 11 is more likely to occur as the degree of airtightness of the greenhouse is higher. Therefore, the introduction of the outside air I causes the excess air V in the greenhouse, the atmospheric pressure inside the greenhouse becomes higher than the outside pressure, and the smooth introduction of the outside air is possible. Exhaust air is exhausted with an exhaust shutter to prevent obstruction and swelling of the greenhouse. Further, in order to prevent wasteful exchange of air inside and outside the greenhouse, the exhaust shutter operates simultaneously with the intake blower or shutter, or operates only when the atmospheric pressure difference between the inside and outside of the greenhouse exceeds a certain level.

【００６３】第２の装置においては、前述した第１の装
置と同様であるが、これらの換気装置と暖房機が一体化
されたことで、据付や取扱が容易となり導入しやすい装
置となる。図９を参照して第２の装置を説明する。The second device is the same as the above-mentioned first device, but by integrating these ventilation devices and the heater, the device can be installed and handled easily and can be easily introduced. The second device will be described with reference to FIG.

【００６４】図９において図５〜８に示した部分と同じ
部分は同一符号で示し、41は外気吸込口、42は循環用の
室内空気吸込口、43は排出用の室内空気吸込口、44は室
内空気吹出口、45は外気用シャッタ、46はモータ、47は
排出用シャッタ、48はモータ、49はバーナ、51は暖房機
一体型換気ユニット、52は外気吹込口、53は循環用の室
内空気吸込口、54は排出用の室内空気吸込口、55は外気
導入用ダクト、56は室内空気排出用ダクトである。In FIG. 9, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 are designated by the same reference numerals, 41 is an outside air intake port, 42 is an indoor air intake port for circulation, 43 is an indoor air intake port for discharge, 44 Is an indoor air outlet, 45 is an outside air shutter, 46 is a motor, 47 is an exhaust shutter, 48 is a motor, 49 is a burner, 51 is a heater integrated ventilation unit, 52 is an outside air inlet, and 53 is for circulation. An indoor air intake port, 54 is an indoor air intake port for exhaust, 55 is an outside air introduction duct, and 56 is an indoor air exhaust duct.

【００６５】図９ (a)を参照すると、モータ46が動作し
て外気用シャッタ45を開き、外気吸込口41から外気Ｉを
矢印方向に送風機32へ導く。モータ46の動作と同時にモ
ータ48が動作して排出用シャッタ47を開き、温室11内で
余剰となった空気を排出用室内空気吸込口43から吹込み
排出用室内空気吹出口44から吹出す。外気は送風機32に
より吹込まれ、温風吹出口33から温室全体に拡散する。Referring to FIG. 9 (a), the motor 46 operates to open the outside air shutter 45, and the outside air I is guided from the outside air inlet 41 to the blower 32 in the arrow direction. Simultaneously with the operation of the motor 46, the motor 48 operates to open the discharge shutter 47, and the excess air in the greenhouse 11 is blown from the discharge indoor air suction port 43 and blown from the discharge indoor air outlet 44. The outside air is blown by the blower 32 and diffuses from the warm air outlet 33 to the entire greenhouse.

【００６６】暖房機一体型換気ユニット51を温室11に据
え付けるときは、外気導入用ダクト55と室内空気排出用
ダクト56を温室11、カーテン35Ａと35Ｂに貫通させ、外
気導入用ダクト55で外気を、室内空気排出用ダクト56で
室内空気をそれぞれ温室内、温室外へ導く。When the heater-integrated ventilation unit 51 is installed in the greenhouse 11, the outside air introduction duct 55 and the indoor air discharge duct 56 are penetrated through the greenhouse 11 and the curtains 35A and 35B, and the outside air introduction duct 55 is used to remove outside air. The indoor air exhaust duct 56 guides indoor air into the greenhouse and outside the greenhouse, respectively.

【００６７】[0067]

【発明の効果】以上述べてきたように本発明によれば、
暖房除湿と換気除湿を組み合せて行うことによって低コ
ストで効率の良い温室の除湿を行うことができる。それ
はまた、温室内外の気温と湿度から組み合わせを選択す
ることによってより効率の良い方法となり、温室内外気
温で組み合わせを選択することによってやや効率は落ち
るがさらに低コストで導入しやすい方法となる。また、
換気除湿に適した装置により、より効率的な除湿が可能
である。As described above, according to the present invention,
By combining heating dehumidification and ventilation dehumidification, it is possible to dehumidify the greenhouse efficiently at low cost. It also becomes a more efficient method by selecting a combination based on the temperature and humidity inside and outside the greenhouse, and a slightly lower efficiency but easier to introduce at a lower cost by selecting the combination depending on the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse. Also,
A device suitable for ventilation dehumidification enables more efficient dehumidification.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明第１実施例の方法を実施するフローチャ
ートである。FIG. 1 is a flowchart for implementing the method of the first embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】本発明第２実施例の方法を実施するフローチャ
ートである。FIG. 2 is a flow chart for implementing the method of the second embodiment of the present invention.

【図３】本発明第３実施例の方法を実施するフローチャ
ートである。FIG. 3 is a flow chart for implementing the method of the third embodiment of the present invention.

【図４】本発明第４実施例の方法を実施するフローチャ
ートである。FIG. 4 is a flow chart for implementing the method of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

【図５】本発明第１実施例の配置を示す模式的な図であ
る。FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the first embodiment of the present invention.

【図６】本発明第２実施例の配置を示す模式的な図であ
る。FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the second embodiment of the present invention.

【図７】本発明第３実施例の配置を示す模式的な図であ
る。FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the third embodiment of the present invention.

【図８】本発明の方法を実施する第１の装置の図で、同
図 (a)は平面図、同図 (b)は一部断面を示す正面図であ
る。8A and 8B are diagrams of a first apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention, FIG. 8A is a plan view, and FIG. 8B is a front view showing a partial cross section.

【図９】本発明の方法を実施する第２の装置の図で、同
図 (a)は一部断面を示す正面図、同図 (b)は暖房機一体
型換気ユニットの据付例の一部断面を示す正面図であ
る。9A and 9B are views of a second apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention, where FIG. 9A is a front view showing a partial cross section, and FIG. 9B is an example of an installation example of a heater-integrated ventilation unit. It is a front view which shows a partial cross section.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

11 温室 12 室温センサ 13 室内相対湿度センサ 14 外気温センサ 15 制御手段 16 入力部 17 制御部 17Ａ 演算制御部 18 出力部 19 暖房手段（温風暖房機) 20 換気手段( 換気ユニット) 21 外気吸込口 22 外気吹出口 23 外気吸込用送風機 24 室内空気吸込口 25 室内空気吹出口 26 シャッタ 27 シャッタ開閉用モータ 28 外気導入用ダクト 29 室内空気排出用ダクト 31 バーナ 32 送風機 33 温風吹出口 34 制御盤 35Ａ，35Ｂ カーテン 36 架台 41 外気吸込口 42 循環用室内空気吸込口 43 排出用室内空気吸込口 44 室内空気吹出口 45 外気用シャッタ 46 モータ 47 排出用シャッタ 48 モータ 51 暖房機一体型換気ユニット 52 外気吹込口 53 循環用室内空気吹込口 54 排出用室内空気吹込口 55 外気導入用ダクト 56 室内空気排出用ダクト 11 Greenhouse 12 Room temperature sensor 13 Indoor relative humidity sensor 14 Outside air temperature sensor 15 Control means 16 Input section 17 Control section 17A Calculation control section 18 Output section 19 Heating means (warm air heater) 20 Ventilation means (Ventilation unit) 21 Outside air inlet 22 Outside air outlet 23 Blower for sucking outside air 24 Indoor air inlet 25 Indoor air outlet 26 Shutter 27 Motor for opening / closing shutter 28 Outside air introduction duct 29 Indoor air discharge duct 31 Burner 32 Blower 33 Warm air outlet 34 Control panel 35A, 35B Curtain 36 Frame 41 Outside air inlet 42 Circulating indoor air inlet 43 Outlet indoor air inlet 44 Indoor air outlet 45 Outdoor air shutter 46 Motor 47 Ejecting shutter 48 Motor 51 Ventilation unit with heater 52 Outdoor air inlet 53 Circulation indoor air inlet 54 Air outlet indoor air inlet 55 Outside air introduction duct 56 Indoor air outlet duct

【表１】 [Table 1]

【表２】 [Table 2]

Claims (6)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 施設園芸用温室を、暖房機を用いる暖房
除湿と該温室の換気による換気除湿とを併用して除湿す
るにおいて、常時、該温室の室温、相対湿度ならびに該
温室外の気温とを測定し、温室内相対湿度が該温室につ
いて設定した設定相対湿度より高い場合に、 外気温が温室室温より高いときは換気除湿を行い、 設定時間後も温室内相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しない
ときは暖房除湿も併用して行い、 外気温が温室室温より低いときは暖房除湿を行い、 設定時間後も温室内相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しない
ときは換気除湿も併用して行うことを特徴とする施設園
芸用温室の除湿方法。1. When dehumidifying a greenhouse for horticultural facilities by using both heating dehumidification using a heater and ventilation dehumidification by ventilation of the greenhouse, the room temperature of the greenhouse, the relative humidity and the temperature outside the greenhouse are constantly maintained. If the relative humidity in the greenhouse is higher than the set relative humidity set for the greenhouse, and if the outside temperature is higher than the room temperature in the greenhouse, ventilation dehumidification is performed, and the relative humidity in the greenhouse reaches the set relative humidity even after the set time. If not, use heating dehumidification together.If the outside air temperature is lower than greenhouse room temperature, dehumidify heating.If the relative humidity inside the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity after the set time, also perform ventilation dehumidification. Method for dehumidifying a greenhouse for horticulture. 【請求項２】 施設園芸用温室を、暖房機を用いる暖房
除湿と該温室の換気による換気除湿とを併用して除湿す
るにおいて、常時、該温室の室温、相対湿度ならびに該
温室外の気温とを測定し、温室内相対湿度が該温室につ
いて設定した設定相対湿度より高い場合に、 外気温が該温室について設定した温風暖房機の運転設定
温度より高いときは換気除湿を行い、 設定時間後も温室内相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しない
ときは暖房除湿も併用して行い、 外気温が該温室について設定した温風暖房機の運転設定
温度より低いときは暖房除湿を行い、 設定時間後も温室内相対湿度が設定相対湿度に達しない
ときは換気除湿も併用して行うことを特徴とする施設園
芸用温室の除湿方法。2. In dehumidifying a greenhouse for horticultural facilities by using heating dehumidification using a heater and ventilation dehumidification by ventilation of the greenhouse, the room temperature, the relative humidity of the greenhouse and the temperature outside the greenhouse are constantly maintained. When the relative humidity inside the greenhouse is higher than the set relative humidity set for the greenhouse, and when the outside air temperature is higher than the operation set temperature of the hot air heater set for the greenhouse, ventilation dehumidification is performed, and after the set time When the relative humidity in the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity, heating dehumidification is also used, and when the outside air temperature is lower than the operating temperature setting of the hot air heater set for the greenhouse, heating dehumidification is performed. Also, when the relative humidity in the greenhouse does not reach the set relative humidity, ventilation dehumidification is also performed together, which is a method for dehumidifying a greenhouse for horticulture. 【請求項３】 施設園芸用温室を、暖房機を用いる暖房
除湿と該温室の換気による換気除湿とを併用して除湿す
るにおいて、常時、該温室の室温、相対湿度ならびに該
温室外の気温と相対湿度とを測定し、温室内外の気温と
相対湿度から絶対湿度を算出し、温室内相対湿度が該温
室について設定した設定相対湿度より高い場合に、 温室外絶対湿度が温室内絶対湿度より高いときは暖房除
湿を行い、 温室外絶対湿度が温室内絶対湿度より低く、かつ、外気
温が室温より高いときは換気除湿を行い、 温室外絶対湿度が温室内絶対湿度より低く、かつ、外気
温が室温より低いときは暖房除湿と換気除湿を併用する
ことを特徴とする施設園芸用温室の除湿方法。3. In dehumidifying a greenhouse for horticultural use in combination with heating dehumidification using a heater and ventilation dehumidification by ventilation of the greenhouse, the room temperature, the relative humidity of the greenhouse and the temperature outside the greenhouse are constantly maintained. The relative humidity is measured, and the absolute humidity is calculated from the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse and the relative humidity.When the relative humidity inside the greenhouse is higher than the set relative humidity set for the greenhouse, the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is higher than the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse. When heating dehumidification is performed, the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is lower than the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse, and when the outside temperature is higher than room temperature, ventilation dehumidification is performed, and the absolute humidity outside the greenhouse is lower than the absolute humidity inside the greenhouse and the outside temperature Dehumidifying method for greenhouse horticultural greenhouses, characterized by using heating dehumidification and ventilation dehumidification together when room temperature is lower than room temperature. 【請求項４】 暖房除湿と換気除湿を併用して行うとき
に、室温が外気温より２〜５℃高くなるよう暖房しなが
ら換気することを特徴とする請求項１、２または３記載
の施設園芸用温室の除湿方法。4. The facility according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein when the heating dehumidification and the ventilation dehumidification are performed in combination, ventilation is performed while heating so that the room temperature is 2 to 5 ° C. higher than the outside air temperature. Dehumidification method for horticultural greenhouses. 【請求項５】 密閉された温室内に外気を導入する吸気
用送風機またはシャッタと、温室内空気を排出する排気
用シャッタを設け、導入した外気を温室内の温風暖房機
の送風機までビニルダクト等で導くことで換気除湿を行
うことを特徴とする請求項１、２または３記載の施設園
芸用温室の除湿装置。5. A vinyl duct provided with an intake blower or a shutter for introducing outside air into a closed greenhouse and an exhaust shutter for discharging air inside the greenhouse, and introducing the introduced outside air to a blower of a warm air heater in the greenhouse. The dehumidifying device for a greenhouse for institutional horticulture according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein ventilation dehumidification is performed by introducing the dehumidifying device. 【請求項６】 温室内に外気を導入する吸気用シャッタ
と温室内空気を排出する排気用シャッタを備える温風暖
房機を用い、外気を該温風暖房機の送風機で吸い込み、
温室内に拡散することで換気除湿を行うことを特徴とす
る請求項１、２または３記載の施設園芸用温室の除湿装
置。6. A warm air heater having an intake shutter for introducing outside air into a greenhouse and an exhaust shutter for discharging air inside the greenhouse is used, and the outside air is sucked in by a blower of the warm air heater.
The dehumidification device for a greenhouse for institutional horticulture according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein ventilation dehumidification is performed by diffusing into the greenhouse.
JP6203069A 1994-08-05 1994-08-05 Method and apparatus for dehumidifying greenhouse for greenhouse Expired - Fee Related JP2759871B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6203069A JP2759871B2 (en) 1994-08-05 1994-08-05 Method and apparatus for dehumidifying greenhouse for greenhouse

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6203069A JP2759871B2 (en) 1994-08-05 1994-08-05 Method and apparatus for dehumidifying greenhouse for greenhouse

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Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0847341A true JPH0847341A (en) 1996-02-20
JP2759871B2 JP2759871B2 (en) 1998-05-28

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ID=16467837

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009268427A (en) * 2008-05-09 2009-11-19 Bishindo Kenkyusho:Kk Temperature controller, temperature setting method, and program
CN102374603A (en) * 2010-08-09 2012-03-14 上海朗诗建筑科技有限公司 Control method for intellectualization space heating air conditioner and system using same
JP2013111072A (en) * 2011-12-01 2013-06-10 Dyna Air Kk Cultivation space airconditioning system, method for controlling the same, and cultivation space airconditioning method
CN103650986A (en) * 2013-11-30 2014-03-26 周敏 Adjustable vegetable greenhouse
JP2017112981A (en) * 2015-12-27 2017-06-29 三州産業株式会社 Method for humidity management control of greenhouse for protected horticulture
JP2019097439A (en) * 2017-11-30 2019-06-24 株式会社デンソー Controller and agriculture house

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009268427A (en) * 2008-05-09 2009-11-19 Bishindo Kenkyusho:Kk Temperature controller, temperature setting method, and program
CN102374603A (en) * 2010-08-09 2012-03-14 上海朗诗建筑科技有限公司 Control method for intellectualization space heating air conditioner and system using same
JP2013111072A (en) * 2011-12-01 2013-06-10 Dyna Air Kk Cultivation space airconditioning system, method for controlling the same, and cultivation space airconditioning method
CN103650986A (en) * 2013-11-30 2014-03-26 周敏 Adjustable vegetable greenhouse
JP2017112981A (en) * 2015-12-27 2017-06-29 三州産業株式会社 Method for humidity management control of greenhouse for protected horticulture
JP2019097439A (en) * 2017-11-30 2019-06-24 株式会社デンソー Controller and agriculture house

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