JPH08327170A - Refrigerating equipment - Google Patents
Refrigerating equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08327170A JPH08327170A JP13159595A JP13159595A JPH08327170A JP H08327170 A JPH08327170 A JP H08327170A JP 13159595 A JP13159595 A JP 13159595A JP 13159595 A JP13159595 A JP 13159595A JP H08327170 A JPH08327170 A JP H08327170A
- Authority
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- heat exchanger
- hot gas
- pipe
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- Defrosting Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は多成分混合冷媒を使用し
た多段気液分離方式の超低温冷凍装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multistage gas-liquid separation type ultra-low temperature refrigeration system using a multi-component mixed refrigerant.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、−１００℃以下の低温を得るため
の超低温冷凍機として、１台の圧縮機と凝縮器並びに複
数段の気液分離器及び熱交換器から構成された多段気液
分離方式の超低温冷凍装置が使用されている。このよう
な超低温冷凍装置で被冷却体を冷却する場合、最終段の
キャピラリーチューブを出た低温冷媒を配管で被冷却体
まで移送する直接冷却方式と、一旦、冷却器で２次冷媒
を冷却し、その２次冷媒を配管で被冷却体まで移送する
間接冷却方式がある。この種の従来の間接冷却方式の超
低温装置の冷媒系統図が図２に示されている。図２にお
いて、圧縮機１の吐出側は油分離器２を介して凝縮器３
の入口に接続されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an ultra-low temperature refrigerator for obtaining a low temperature of -100 ° C. or lower, a multi-stage gas-liquid separator composed of one compressor, a condenser, a plurality of gas-liquid separators and a heat exchanger. Type ultra-low temperature refrigerator is used. When the object to be cooled is cooled by such an ultra-low temperature refrigeration system, a direct cooling method in which the low temperature refrigerant discharged from the capillary tube at the final stage is transferred to the object to be cooled by piping, and the secondary refrigerant is once cooled by a cooler. , There is an indirect cooling system in which the secondary refrigerant is transferred to the cooled object by piping. A refrigerant system diagram of a conventional indirect cooling type ultra-low temperature device of this type is shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the discharge side of the compressor 1 is connected to the condenser 3 via the oil separator 2.
Is connected to the entrance of.
【０００３】凝縮器３の出口は補助凝縮器４を介して第
１気液分離器５の入口に接続されている。そして、第１
気液分離器５の気相部５ａは第１中間熱交換器６の外管
入口に接続され、液相部５ｂは第１絞り７を介して第１
中間熱交換器６の内管入口に接続されている。The outlet of the condenser 3 is connected to the inlet of the first gas-liquid separator 5 via the auxiliary condenser 4. And the first
The gas phase part 5a of the gas-liquid separator 5 is connected to the outer tube inlet of the first intermediate heat exchanger 6, and the liquid phase part 5b is connected to the first throttle 7 via the first throttle 7.
It is connected to the inner pipe inlet of the intermediate heat exchanger 6.
【０００４】第１中間熱交換器６は２重管で形成されて
おり、外管内を流れる冷媒と内管内を流れる冷媒との間
に熱交換の効率を高めるため、外管入口と内管出口が中
間熱交換器６の一方の端に設けられ、外管出口と内管入
口は他方の端に設けられている。The first intermediate heat exchanger 6 is formed of a double pipe, and in order to improve the efficiency of heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing in the outer pipe and the refrigerant flowing in the inner pipe, the outer pipe inlet and the inner pipe outlet are provided. Is provided at one end of the intermediate heat exchanger 6, and the outer pipe outlet and the inner pipe inlet are provided at the other end.
【０００５】このようにして、第１気液分離器５と第１
中間熱交換器６と第１絞り７により第１段の冷却手段１
Ｓが形成される。In this way, the first gas-liquid separator 5 and the first
The intermediate heat exchanger 6 and the first throttle 7 make the first-stage cooling means 1
S is formed.
【０００６】以下同様に、第２気液分離器８と第２中間
熱交換器９と第２絞り１０によって第２段の冷却手段２
Ｓが、第３気液分離器１１と第３中間熱交換器１２と第
３絞り１３によって第３段の冷却手段３Ｓが、第４気液
分離器１４と第４中間熱交換器１５と第４絞り１６によ
って第４段の冷却手段４Ｓが形成される。Similarly, the second gas-liquid separator 8, the second intermediate heat exchanger 9 and the second throttle 10 are used to cool the second stage cooling means 2 in the same manner.
S is the third gas-liquid separator 11, the third intermediate heat exchanger 12, the third throttle 13, and the third stage cooling means 3S is the fourth gas-liquid separator 14, the fourth intermediate heat exchanger 15, and the third intermediate heat exchanger 15. The 4th diaphragm 16 forms the fourth-stage cooling means 4S.
【０００７】そして、第４中間熱交換器１５の外管出口
は補助冷却器１７及び絞り１８を介して冷却器１９の内
管入口に接続されている。冷却器１９の内管出口は補助
冷却器１７を経て第４中間熱交換器１５の内管入口に接
続されている。The outer tube outlet of the fourth intermediate heat exchanger 15 is connected to the inner tube inlet of the cooler 19 via the auxiliary cooler 17 and the throttle 18. The inner pipe outlet of the cooler 19 is connected to the inner pipe inlet of the fourth intermediate heat exchanger 15 via the auxiliary cooler 17.
【０００８】第４中間熱交換器１５の内管出口は第３中
間熱交換器１２の内管入口に、第３中間熱交換器１２の
内管出口は第２中間熱交換器９の内管入口に、第２中間
熱交換器９の内管出口は第１中間熱交換器６の内管入口
に、第１中間熱交換器６の内管出口は補助凝縮器４を介
して圧縮機１の吸入側に接続されている。The inner pipe outlet of the fourth intermediate heat exchanger 15 is at the inner pipe inlet of the third intermediate heat exchanger 12, and the inner pipe outlet of the third intermediate heat exchanger 12 is at the inner pipe of the second intermediate heat exchanger 9. The inner pipe outlet of the second intermediate heat exchanger 9 is at the inlet, the inner pipe outlet of the first intermediate heat exchanger 6 is at the inlet, and the inner pipe outlet of the first intermediate heat exchanger 6 is at the compressor 1 via the auxiliary condenser 4. Is connected to the suction side of.
【０００９】冷却器１９は２重管で形成されており、そ
の外管は２次冷媒供給管２１及び２次冷媒戻り管２２に
よって需要先の超低温貯蔵庫２５内に設けられた冷却コ
イル２０と接続され、２次冷媒回路が構成されている。
なお、２３は冷却コイル２０に近接して配設されたデフ
ロスト用ヒータ、２４は被冷却体である。The cooler 19 is formed of a double pipe, and its outer pipe is connected by a secondary refrigerant supply pipe 21 and a secondary refrigerant return pipe 22 to a cooling coil 20 provided in an ultra-low temperature storehouse 25 of a demand destination. The secondary refrigerant circuit is configured.
In addition, 23 is a defrosting heater disposed in the vicinity of the cooling coil 20, and 24 is an object to be cooled.
【００１０】この冷凍装置の１次冷媒回路内には沸点の
異なる複数種類の冷媒からなる混合冷媒、例えば、冷媒
ＲＣ３１８（オクタフルオロシクロブタン）と、冷媒Ｒ
３２（ジフルオロメタン）と、冷媒Ｒ２３（トリフルオ
ロメタン）と、冷媒Ｒ１４（テトラフルオロメタン）
と、冷媒Ｒ５０（メタン）とからなる非共沸混合冷媒
が、２次冷媒回路には冷媒Ｒ１４（テトラフルオロメタ
ン）等が２次冷媒として封入される。In the primary refrigerant circuit of this refrigeration system, a mixed refrigerant composed of plural kinds of refrigerants having different boiling points, for example, refrigerant RC318 (octafluorocyclobutane) and refrigerant R
32 (difluoromethane), refrigerant R23 (trifluoromethane), and refrigerant R14 (tetrafluoromethane)
And a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant consisting of the refrigerant R50 (methane), and the refrigerant R14 (tetrafluoromethane) or the like as the secondary refrigerant in the secondary refrigerant circuit.
【００１１】次に動作を説明する。Next, the operation will be described.
【００１２】圧縮機１から吐出された高温高圧のガス状
混合冷媒は油分離器２に入り、ここで油を分離除去した
後、補助凝縮器３に流入し、ここで冷却水によって例え
ば３０℃程に冷却された後、凝縮器４に流入する。ここ
で帰還冷媒によって例えば１５℃程に更に冷却されるこ
とによりその中の低沸点冷媒、即ち、ＲＣ３１８の全部
とＲ３２の一部が液化して第１気液分離器５に流入す
る。The high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous mixed refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 enters the oil separator 2, where the oil is separated and removed, and then flows into the auxiliary condenser 3, where it is cooled by, for example, 30 ° C. After being cooled to such an extent, it flows into the condenser 4. Here, by further cooling to about 15 ° C. by the return refrigerant, the low boiling point refrigerant therein, that is, all of RC318 and part of R32 are liquefied and flow into the first gas-liquid separator 5.
【００１３】ここで低沸点冷媒ＲＣ３１８の全部とＲ３
２の一部とからなる液状冷媒から高沸点冷媒Ｒ５０、Ｒ
１４、Ｒ２３及び未凝縮のＲ３２からなる残留ガス状冷
媒が分離される。分離された液状冷媒ＲＣ３１８の全部
とＲ３２の一部は第１絞り７で減圧された後、第１中間
熱交換器６の内管に流入し、ここで帰還ガス冷媒と合流
して蒸発する。Here, all of the low boiling point refrigerant RC318 and R3
From a liquid refrigerant consisting of a part of 2 and high boiling point refrigerants R50, R
The residual gaseous refrigerant consisting of 14, R23 and uncondensed R32 is separated. All of the separated liquid refrigerant RC318 and a part of R32 are decompressed by the first throttle 7, then flow into the inner pipe of the first intermediate heat exchanger 6, where they are combined with the return gas refrigerant and evaporated.
【００１４】一方、残留ガス状冷媒Ｒ３２の一部と、Ｒ
２３、Ｒ１４、Ｒ５０の全部は第１中間熱交換器６の外
管を流過する過程で内管を流れる帰還冷媒及び分離され
た残留ガス状冷媒と熱交換することによって例えば−１
５℃程に冷却されることによってその中のＲ３２の全部
とＲ２３の一部が液化する。On the other hand, a part of the residual gaseous refrigerant R32 and R
All of 23, R14, and R50 exchange heat with the return refrigerant and the separated residual gaseous refrigerant that flow through the inner tube in the process of flowing through the outer tube of the first intermediate heat exchanger 6, for example, −1.
By cooling to about 5 ° C., all of R32 and part of R23 therein are liquefied.
【００１５】次いで、この冷媒は第２気液分離器８に流
入しここで液状冷媒と残留ガス冷媒とに分離される。液
状のＲ３２の全部とＲ２３の一部は第２絞り１０で減圧
された後、第２中間熱交換器９の内管に流入し、ここで
帰還冷媒と合流して蒸発する。Next, this refrigerant flows into the second gas-liquid separator 8 where it is separated into a liquid refrigerant and a residual gas refrigerant. The entire liquid R32 and a part of R23 are decompressed by the second throttle 10, and then flow into the inner pipe of the second intermediate heat exchanger 9, where they are combined with the return refrigerant and evaporated.
【００１６】一方、残留ガス冷媒Ｒ２３の一部とＲ１
４、Ｒ５０の全部は第２中間熱交換器９の外管を流過す
る過程で内管を流れる冷媒によって例えば−４０℃程に
冷却されることによりその中のＲ２３の全部とＲ１４の
一部が液化する。On the other hand, a part of the residual gas refrigerant R23 and R1
4, all of R50 are cooled to, for example, about −40 ° C. by the refrigerant flowing through the inner pipe of the second intermediate heat exchanger 9 in the process of flowing through the outer pipe, so that all of R23 and a part of R14 therein. Liquefies.
【００１７】この冷媒は第３気液分離器１１に流入し、
ここで液状冷媒とガス状冷媒とに分離される。液状のＲ
２３とＲ１４の一部は第３絞り１３で減圧された後、第
３中間熱交換器１２の内管に流入し、ここで外管を流れ
る冷媒と合流して蒸発する。This refrigerant flows into the third gas-liquid separator 11,
Here, it is separated into a liquid refrigerant and a gaseous refrigerant. Liquid R
A part of 23 and R14 is decompressed by the third throttle 13, then flows into the inner pipe of the third intermediate heat exchanger 12, where it joins with the refrigerant flowing through the outer pipe and evaporates.
【００１８】一方、残留ガス冷媒Ｒ１４の一部とＲ５０
の全部は第３中間熱交換器１２の外管を流過する過程で
内管を流過する冷媒によって例えば−１７℃程に冷却さ
れることによりその中のＲ１４の全部とＲ５０の一部が
液化して第３気液分離器１４に流入し、ここで液状冷媒
とガス状冷媒とに分離される。On the other hand, a part of the residual gas refrigerant R14 and R50
Is cooled to, for example, about −17 ° C. by the refrigerant flowing through the inner pipe in the process of flowing through the outer pipe of the third intermediate heat exchanger 12, so that all of R14 and a part of R50 therein are cooled. It is liquefied and flows into the third gas-liquid separator 14, where it is separated into a liquid refrigerant and a gaseous refrigerant.
【００１９】液状のＲ１４の一部とＲ５０の全部は第４
絞り１６で減圧された後、第４中間熱交換器１５の内管
に流入し、ここで帰還冷媒と合流して蒸発する。一方、
残留ガス冷媒Ｒ１４の一部とＲ５０の大部分は第４中間
熱交換器１５の外管を流過する過程で内管を流過する冷
媒によって例えば−１００℃程に冷却されることにより
Ｒ１４の全部とＲ５０の相当部分が液化して補助冷却器
１７に流入し、ここで冷却器１９からの帰還冷媒によっ
て例えば−１１５℃程に更に冷却されてＲ５０の大部分
が液化する。Part of the liquid R14 and the whole of R50 are the fourth
After the pressure is reduced by the throttle 16, it flows into the inner pipe of the fourth intermediate heat exchanger 15, where it joins the return refrigerant and evaporates. on the other hand,
Part of the residual gas refrigerant R14 and most of R50 are cooled to, for example, about −100 ° C. by the refrigerant flowing through the inner pipe in the process of flowing through the outer pipe of the fourth intermediate heat exchanger 15, so that the R14 All and a substantial part of R50 are liquefied and flow into the auxiliary cooler 17, where they are further cooled to about −115 ° C. by the return refrigerant from the cooler 19, and most of R50 is liquefied.
【００２０】これら液化したＲ１４及びＲ５０は第５絞
り１８に減圧されることにより降温して例えば、−１５
５℃程で冷却器１９内管に流入し、ここで蒸発すること
により冷却器１９の外管を流れる２次冷媒を−１５０℃
の低温に冷却する。The liquefied R14 and R50 are reduced in pressure by the fifth throttle 18 to lower the temperature, for example, -15.
The secondary refrigerant that flows into the inner pipe of the cooler 19 at about 5 ° C. and evaporates here flows through the outer pipe of the cooler 19 at −150 ° C.
Cool to low temperature.
【００２１】冷却器１９で蒸発した冷媒は補助冷却器１
７、各中間熱交換器１５、１２、９、６、凝縮器４をこ
の順に通って圧縮機１に帰還する。The refrigerant evaporated in the cooler 19 is the auxiliary cooler 1
7, the intermediate heat exchangers 15, 12, 9, 6, and the condenser 4 are passed in this order and returned to the compressor 1.
【００２２】なお、圧縮機１の吐出配管から吐出冷媒に
混入して流出した潤滑油は油分離器２内で分離され、圧
縮機１への帰還冷媒に合流して圧縮機１に戻される。The lubricating oil mixed with the discharge refrigerant from the discharge pipe of the compressor 1 and flowing out is separated in the oil separator 2, merged with the return refrigerant to the compressor 1 and returned to the compressor 1.
【００２３】一方、冷却器１９で冷却された２次冷媒は
自然対流による循環またはポンプ（図示せず）によって
２次冷媒供給管２１に送られ、需要先の超低温貯蔵庫２
５内に設けられた冷却コイル２０に流入し、ここで、超
低温貯蔵庫２５内に設置された被冷却体２４を冷却して
２次冷媒戻り管１２を通って戻ってくる。On the other hand, the secondary refrigerant cooled by the cooler 19 is sent to the secondary refrigerant supply pipe 21 by circulation by natural convection or by a pump (not shown), and the ultra-low temperature storage 2 of the demand destination.
5 flows into the cooling coil 20 provided inside the cooling coil 5, where the object to be cooled 24 installed in the ultra-low temperature storage 25 is cooled and returned through the secondary refrigerant return pipe 12.
【００２４】被冷却体２４を冷却する過程で、冷却コイ
ル２０の表面に着霜が進行する場合があり、これをその
まま放置すると冷却能力が低下するので、図示しない着
霜検知手段によって着霜が検知され、デフロストヒータ
２３に通電され、除霜が行われる。In the process of cooling the body to be cooled 24, frost may form on the surface of the cooling coil 20. If this is left as it is, the cooling capacity will decrease, so that frost formation will occur due to frost detection means (not shown). The defrost heater 23 is detected, electricity is supplied to the defrost heater 23, and defrosting is performed.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来の冷凍装置に
は解決すべき次の課題があった。The above conventional refrigeration system has the following problems to be solved.
【００２６】即ち、従来の間接方式の多段気液分離方式
の超低温冷凍装置においては、２次冷媒蒸発部、即ち冷
却コイル２０の除霜のためデフロストヒータ２３が必要
であり、需要先で超低温貯蔵庫２５内にこれを用意する
ためのスペース、イニシャルコストが嵩むとともに、ヒ
ータ通電のための運転コストが嵩むという問題があっ
た。That is, in the conventional indirect type multistage gas-liquid separation type ultra-low temperature refrigerating apparatus, the defrost heater 23 is required for defrosting the secondary refrigerant evaporating section, that is, the cooling coil 20, and the ultra-low temperature storage is demanded. There is a problem that the space for preparing this in 25 and the initial cost increase, and the operating cost for energizing the heater increases.
【００２７】本発明は上記課題を解決した、除霜用の電
気ヒータ等を有しない冷凍装置を提供することを目的と
する。An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerating apparatus which does not have an electric heater for defrosting and which solves the above problems.
【００２８】[0028]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記課題の解決
手段として次の（１）、（２）に記載の冷凍装置を提供
しようとするものである。 （１）沸点の異なる複数種類の冷媒からなる混合冷媒を
封入してなり、この混合冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、この
圧縮機で圧縮され高温高圧となった混合冷媒を冷却液化
する凝縮器と、この液化された混合冷媒を順次高沸点の
液冷媒とガス冷媒に分離する複数段の気液分離器と、該
気液分離器の液冷媒を減圧する複数の膨張手段と、該膨
張手段によって減圧され、気液混相状態となった冷媒と
前記ガス冷媒を熱交換させる複数段の熱交換器と、最終
段の熱交換器でほぼ完全に液化した低沸点冷媒を減圧
し、蒸発させる冷却器と、上記冷却器で冷却された２次
冷媒を２次冷媒配管を介して需要先の超低温応用装置に
設けられた冷却コイルに循環させ、被冷却体を冷却する
２次冷媒回路を備えてなる冷凍装置において、上記２次
冷媒配管に圧縮機吐出側の高温高圧のガス冷媒よりなる
ホットガスと２次冷媒とを熱交換させる熱交換器を介装
し、圧縮機吐出側に介装された流路切換手段を介してホ
ットガスを上記熱交換器に流過させてなるホットガスデ
フロスト回路を設けたことを特徴とする冷凍装置。 （２）上記（１）記載の冷凍装置において、ホットガス
デフロスト回路の熱交換器を２重管で構成し、内管側に
２次冷媒、外管側にホットガスを流過させてなることを
特徴とする冷凍装置。The present invention is intended to provide a refrigerating apparatus described in the following (1) and (2) as a means for solving the above problems. (1) A compressor that is filled with a mixed refrigerant composed of a plurality of types of refrigerants having different boiling points, compresses the mixed refrigerant, and a condenser that cools and liquefies the mixed refrigerant that has been compressed by the compressor and has a high temperature and high pressure. , A plurality of stages of gas-liquid separator for sequentially separating the liquefied mixed refrigerant into a high-boiling-point liquid refrigerant and a gas refrigerant, a plurality of expansion means for decompressing the liquid refrigerant of the gas-liquid separator, and the expansion means A multi-stage heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the gas refrigerant and the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant that has been depressurized, and a cooler that depressurizes and evaporates the low boiling point refrigerant that is almost completely liquefied in the final heat exchanger. And a secondary refrigerant circuit that circulates the secondary refrigerant cooled by the cooler through a secondary refrigerant pipe to a cooling coil provided in the ultra-low temperature application device of the demand destination to cool the object to be cooled. In the refrigeration system, a compressor discharge is installed in the secondary refrigerant pipe. Side heat exchanger for heat exchange between the hot gas composed of high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant, and the heat exchange of the hot gas through the flow path switching means provided on the compressor discharge side. A refrigeration system provided with a hot gas defrost circuit which is made to flow through a container. (2) In the refrigerating apparatus according to (1) above, the heat exchanger of the hot gas defrost circuit is composed of a double pipe, and the secondary refrigerant is passed through the inner pipe side and the hot gas is passed through the outer pipe side. Refrigerating device characterized by.
【００２９】[0029]
【作用】本発明は上記のように構成されるので次の作用
を有する。 （１）上記（１）の構成にあっては需要先の超低温応用
装置に設けられた冷却コイルの表面に着霜が進行したと
き、圧縮機吐出側に介装された流路切換手段を切換え、
２次冷媒配管に介装された熱交換器に圧縮機吐出側の高
温高圧のガス冷媒よりなるホットガスを流過させ、２次
冷媒を加熱、昇温させることができ、これによって冷却
コイル表面に付着した霜を融かし、除霜することができ
る。 （２）上記（２）の構成にあっては上記（１）の構成の
ホットガスデフロスト回路の２次冷媒配管に係る熱交換
器を２重管で構成し、内管側に２次冷媒、外管側にホッ
トガスを流過させるため、熱交換器を簡便かつ合理的に
得られる。Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following actions. (1) In the configuration of (1) above, when frost forms on the surface of the cooling coil provided in the ultra-low temperature application device of the demand destination, the flow passage switching means interposed on the discharge side of the compressor is switched. ,
A hot gas consisting of a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant on the compressor discharge side can be passed through a heat exchanger interposed in the secondary refrigerant pipe to heat and raise the temperature of the secondary refrigerant. The frost adhering to the can be melted and defrosted. (2) In the configuration of (2) above, the heat exchanger relating to the secondary refrigerant pipe of the hot gas defrost circuit of the above configuration (1) is configured with a double pipe, and the secondary refrigerant is provided on the inner pipe side. Since hot gas is passed through the outer tube side, a heat exchanger can be obtained simply and reasonably.
【００３０】[0030]
【実施例】本発明の一実施例を図１により説明する。な
お、従来例と同様の構成部材には同符号を付し、必要あ
る場合を除き説明を省略する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same components as those in the conventional example are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted unless necessary.
【００３１】図１は本実施例の模式的系統図で、図にお
いて、２６は２重管で形成され、その内管内に２次冷
媒、外管内にホットガスを流過、熱交換させる熱交換器
で、２次冷媒供給管２１に介装されている。また、油分
離器２のガス出口には３方切換弁２７が介装され、３方
切換弁２７と熱交換器２６の外管入口との間にはホット
ガスバイパス管２８が、熱交換器２６の外管出口と３方
切換弁２７より後流の吐出管との間にはホットガス戻り
管２９が接続されている。即ち、熱交換器２６と３方切
換弁２７とホットガスバイパス管２８とホットガス戻り
管２９とでホットガスデフロスト回路３０が形成されて
いる。その他の構成は従来例からデフロストヒータ２３
を除去した構成と同様である。FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of the present embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 26 is a double pipe, in which a secondary refrigerant flows in the inner pipe and hot gas flows in the outer pipe to exchange heat. And is installed in the secondary refrigerant supply pipe 21. A three-way switching valve 27 is provided at the gas outlet of the oil separator 2, and a hot gas bypass pipe 28 is provided between the three-way switching valve 27 and the outer pipe inlet of the heat exchanger 26. A hot gas return pipe 29 is connected between the outer pipe outlet 26 and the discharge pipe downstream of the three-way switching valve 27. That is, the heat exchanger 26, the three-way switching valve 27, the hot gas bypass pipe 28, and the hot gas return pipe 29 form a hot gas defrost circuit 30. Other configurations are the same as those of the conventional example in the defrost heater 23.
It is the same as the configuration in which is removed.
【００３２】次に上記構成の作用、即ち動作を説明す
る。Next, the operation or operation of the above configuration will be described.
【００３３】３方切換弁２７は図示しないタイマによっ
て制御され、所定時間Ａ毎に正規冷凍回路からバイパス
回路たるホットガスデフロスト回路３０に切換わり、そ
の所定時間Ｂ後にホットガスデフロスト回路３０から正
規冷凍回路に戻るようになっている。The three-way switching valve 27 is controlled by a timer (not shown) and switches from the regular refrigeration circuit to the hot gas defrost circuit 30 which is a bypass circuit at every predetermined time A, and after the predetermined time B, the hot gas defrost circuit 30 performs regular refrigeration. It is designed to return to the circuit.
【００３４】なお、上記所定時間Ａは冷却コイル２０に
着霜が進行する度合いに応じ設定される。即ち、着霜進
行スピードが速ければ短かく、遅ければ長がく設定され
る。上記所定時間Ｂはその着霜を除霜するに要する時間
に応じて設定される。The predetermined time A is set according to the degree of frost formation on the cooling coil 20. That is, if the frost formation progressing speed is fast, it is set to be short, and if it is slow, it is set to be long. The predetermined time B is set according to the time required to defrost the frost.
【００３５】しかして、冷却コイル２０の表面に着霜が
進行し、図示しないタイマによって３方切換弁２７が正
規冷凍回路からホットガスデフロスト回路３０に切換わ
ると、油分離器２で油を分離、除去された高温高圧のガ
ス冷媒によりなるホットガスはホットガスバイパス管２
８を通って熱交換器２６の外管に流入し、ここでその内
管を流れる２次冷媒を加熱した後、ホットガス戻り管２
９を通って３方切換弁２７の後方の吐出管に戻り正規冷
凍回路に戻る。When frost forms on the surface of the cooling coil 20 and the three-way switching valve 27 switches from the regular refrigeration circuit to the hot gas defrost circuit 30 by a timer (not shown), the oil separator 2 separates the oil. , The hot gas formed by the removed high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is the hot gas bypass pipe 2
After flowing into the outer pipe of the heat exchanger 26 through 8 and heating the secondary refrigerant flowing there through, the hot gas return pipe 2
Returning to the discharge pipe behind the three-way switching valve 27 through 9 and returning to the regular refrigeration circuit.
【００３６】一方、熱交換器２６で加熱され、昇温した
２次冷媒は２次冷媒供給管２１を通って冷却コイル２０
に流入し、その表面の着霜を融かし除霜する。On the other hand, the secondary refrigerant heated by the heat exchanger 26 and heated up passes through the secondary refrigerant supply pipe 21 and the cooling coil 20.
Flows into the, and the frost on the surface is melted and defrosted.
【００３７】このように本発明においては冷凍装置内の
２次冷媒回路に３方切換弁２７、ホットガスバイパス管
２８、ホットガス戻し管２９、熱交換器２６よりなるホ
ットガスデフロスト回路３０が形成されているので、従
来のような需要先におけるデフロストヒータの設置は省
略することができる。他の構成、作用については図２に
示す従来のものと同様であり、対応する部材には同じ符
号が付されている。As described above, in the present invention, the hot gas defrost circuit 30 including the three-way switching valve 27, the hot gas bypass pipe 28, the hot gas return pipe 29, and the heat exchanger 26 is formed in the secondary refrigerant circuit in the refrigeration system. Therefore, it is possible to omit the conventional installation of the defrost heater at the demand destination. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the conventional one shown in FIG. 2, and corresponding members are designated by the same reference numerals.
【００３８】以上の通り、本実施例によれば、所定時間
毎に３方切換弁２７を切換え、ホットガスデフロスト回
路３０にホットガスを貫流させるので２次冷媒供給管２
１を流れる２次冷媒がその間、加温され冷却コイル２０
の表面の着霜を融かし、除霜するという利点がある。As described above, according to the present embodiment, the three-way switching valve 27 is switched every predetermined time so that the hot gas flows through the hot gas defrost circuit 30. Therefore, the secondary refrigerant supply pipe 2
During that time, the secondary refrigerant flowing through 1 is heated and cooled by the cooling coil 20.
There is an advantage of defrosting by melting the frost on the surface of.
【００３９】また、本実施例によれば、従来のようにデ
フロストヒータや、それを設けるための格別のスペース
を必要としないという利点がある。Further, according to this embodiment, there is an advantage that a defrost heater and a special space for providing the defrost heater are not required unlike the conventional case.
【００４０】また、ヒータ通電を必要としないので相応
して運転コストが低減するという利点がある。Further, since there is no need to energize the heater, there is the advantage that the operating cost is correspondingly reduced.
【００４１】[0041]
【発明の効果】本発明は上記のように構成されるので次
の効果を有する。The present invention has the following effects because it is configured as described above.
【００４２】即ち、本発明においては、圧縮機吐出側の
ホットガスを、２次冷媒と熱交換できるようホットガス
デフロスト回路を設けるので需要先の超低温応用装置に
設けられた冷却コイルの表面に着霜が進行したとき、圧
縮機吐出側に介装された流路切換手段を切換え、２次冷
媒配管に介装された熱交換器に圧縮機吐出側の高温高圧
のガス冷媒よりなるホットガスを流過させ、２次冷媒を
加熱、昇温させることができ、これによって冷却コイル
表面に付着した霜を融かし、除霜することができる。That is, in the present invention, since the hot gas on the discharge side of the compressor is provided with the hot gas defrost circuit so as to exchange heat with the secondary refrigerant, the hot gas defrost circuit is attached to the surface of the cooling coil provided in the ultra-low temperature application device of the demand destination. When frost progresses, the flow path switching means provided on the discharge side of the compressor is switched to supply the hot gas composed of the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor to the heat exchanger provided on the secondary refrigerant pipe. The secondary refrigerant can be made to flow through and heated and the temperature thereof can be raised, whereby the frost adhering to the surface of the cooling coil can be melted and defrosted.
【００４３】この結果、従来、需要先で超低温応用装置
内に設置していたデフロスト用ヒータは省略することが
でき、使用に簡便な冷凍装置を提供することができる。
そして、これによって、需要先は、従来、必要であった
デフロスト用ヒータ設置スペース、イニシャルコスト、
及びヒータ通電のための運転コストを省くことができ
る。As a result, the defrost heater, which has conventionally been installed in the ultra-low temperature application apparatus at the customer's destination, can be omitted, and a refrigeration apparatus that is easy to use can be provided.
As a result, the customer is required to install the defrost heater, the initial cost,
Also, the operating cost for energizing the heater can be saved.
【図１】本発明の一実施例に係る冷凍装置の模式的系統
図、FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of a refrigerating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention,
【図２】従来の冷凍装置の模式的系統図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic system diagram of a conventional refrigeration system.
１ 圧縮機 ３ 凝縮器 ５，８，１１，１４ 第１〜第４気液分離器 ６，９，１２，１５ 第１〜第４中間熱交換器 ７，１０，１３，１６ 第１〜第４絞り １８ 絞り １９ 冷却器 ２０ 冷却コイル ２１ ２次冷媒供給管 ２２ ２次冷媒戻り管 ２４ 被冷却体 ２５ 超低温貯蔵庫 ２６ 熱交換器 ２７ ３方切換弁 ２８ ホットガスバイパス管 ２９ ホットガス戻り管 ３０ ホットガスデフロスト回路 １Ｓ，２Ｓ，３Ｓ，４Ｓ 冷却手段 1 Compressor 3 Condenser 5,8,11,14 1st-4th gas-liquid separator 6,9,12,15 1st-4th intermediate heat exchanger 7,10,13,16 1st-4th Throttle 18 Throttle 19 Cooler 20 Cooling coil 21 Secondary refrigerant supply pipe 22 Secondary refrigerant return pipe 24 Cooled object 25 Ultra-low temperature storage warehouse 26 Heat exchanger 27 Three-way switching valve 28 Hot gas bypass pipe 29 Hot gas return pipe 30 Hot gas Defrost circuit 1S, 2S, 3S, 4S Cooling means
Claims (2)
合冷媒を封入してなり、この混合冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機
と、この圧縮機で圧縮され高温高圧となった混合冷媒を
冷却液化する凝縮器と、この液化された混合冷媒を順次
高沸点の液冷媒とガス冷媒に分離する複数段の気液分離
器と、該気液分離器の液冷媒を減圧する複数の膨張手段
と、該膨張手段によって減圧され、気液混相状態となっ
た冷媒と前記ガス冷媒を熱交換させる複数段の熱交換器
と、最終段の熱交換器でほぼ完全に液化した低沸点冷媒
を減圧し、蒸発させる冷却器と、上記冷却器で冷却され
た２次冷媒を２次冷媒配管を介して需要先の超低温応用
装置に設けられた冷却コイルに循環させ、被冷却体を冷
却する２次冷媒回路を備えてなる冷凍装置において、上
記２次冷媒配管に圧縮機吐出側の高温高圧のガス冷媒よ
りなるホットガスと２次冷媒とを熱交換させる熱交換器
を介装し、圧縮機吐出側に介装された流路切換手段を介
してホットガスを上記熱交換器に流過させてなるホット
ガスデフロスト回路を設けたことを特徴とする冷凍装
置。1. A compressor for enclosing a mixed refrigerant composed of a plurality of kinds of refrigerants having different boiling points and compressing the mixed refrigerant, and a condenser for cooling and liquefying the mixed refrigerant compressed by the compressor to a high temperature and high pressure. Vessel, a plurality of gas-liquid separators for sequentially separating the liquefied mixed refrigerant into a high-boiling-point liquid refrigerant and a gas refrigerant, a plurality of expansion means for decompressing the liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator, and the expansion A plurality of stages of heat exchangers for heat exchange between the gas refrigerant and the refrigerant in a gas-liquid mixed phase, which is decompressed by the means, and a low boiling point refrigerant which is almost completely liquefied in the final stage heat exchanger is decompressed and evaporated. A cooler and a secondary refrigerant circuit that circulates the secondary refrigerant cooled by the cooler through a secondary refrigerant pipe to a cooling coil provided in an ultra-low temperature application device of a demand destination to cool an object to be cooled are provided. In the refrigerating device, A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a hot gas composed of a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor and a secondary refrigerant is interposed, and the hot gas is transferred through a flow path switching means interposed on the discharge side of the compressor. A refrigeration system provided with a hot gas defrost circuit which is passed through the heat exchanger.
トガスデフロスト回路の熱交換器を２重管で構成し、内
管側に２次冷媒、外管側にホットガスを流過させてなる
ことを特徴とする冷凍装置。2. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger of the hot gas defrost circuit is composed of a double pipe, and the secondary refrigerant is passed through the inner pipe side and the hot gas is passed through the outer pipe side. A refrigerating device characterized by the above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13159595A JPH08327170A (en) | 1995-05-30 | 1995-05-30 | Refrigerating equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13159595A JPH08327170A (en) | 1995-05-30 | 1995-05-30 | Refrigerating equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08327170A true JPH08327170A (en) | 1996-12-13 |
Family
ID=15061738
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13159595A Withdrawn JPH08327170A (en) | 1995-05-30 | 1995-05-30 | Refrigerating equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08327170A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008175522A (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-07-31 | Mayekawa Mfg Co Ltd | Renewal unit for air conditioning equipment, and construction method for air conditioning equipment using it |
-
1995
- 1995-05-30 JP JP13159595A patent/JPH08327170A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008175522A (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-07-31 | Mayekawa Mfg Co Ltd | Renewal unit for air conditioning equipment, and construction method for air conditioning equipment using it |
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