JPH08305191A - Heating device - Google Patents
Heating deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08305191A JPH08305191A JP7131014A JP13101495A JPH08305191A JP H08305191 A JPH08305191 A JP H08305191A JP 7131014 A JP7131014 A JP 7131014A JP 13101495 A JP13101495 A JP 13101495A JP H08305191 A JPH08305191 A JP H08305191A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- temperature
- heating element
- heating body
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Control Of Temperature (AREA)
- Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Control Or Security For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、通電により発熱する加
熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触摺動させ、該フィルムの加
熱体とは反対側の面に被加熱材を密着させて該フィルム
と共に加熱***置を通過させて加熱体から該フィルムを
介して被加熱材に熱エネルギーを付与する、フィルム加
熱方式の加熱装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to heating a heat-resistant film in contact with a heating body which generates heat by energizing, and bringing a material to be heated into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body. The present invention relates to a film heating type heating device which passes a body position and applies heat energy from a heating body to a material to be heated through the film.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】上記のようなフィルム加熱方式の加熱装
置は本出願人の先の提案に係る特開昭63-313182号公報
・特開平2-157878号公報等で知られており、電子写真複
写機・プリンタ・ファックス等の画像形成装置における
画像熱定着装置、すなわち電子写真・静電記録・磁気記
録等の画像形成プロセス手段により熱溶融性の樹脂等よ
り成る顕画剤(トナー)を用いて被記録材(転写材シー
ト・エレクトロファックスシート・静電記録シート・印
字用紙・印刷紙など)の面に間接(転写)方式もしくは
直接方式で形成した、目的の画像情報に対応した未定着
顕画剤像を該画像を担持している被記録材面に固着画像
として熱定着処理する熱定着装置として活用できる。2. Description of the Related Art A film heating type heating device as described above is known from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-313182 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-157878 related to the applicant's earlier proposal. An image heat fixing device in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine, a printer, or a fax machine, that is, a developer (toner) made of a heat-meltable resin is used by an image forming process means such as electrophotography, electrostatic recording, magnetic recording, etc. An unfixed image corresponding to the intended image information formed on the surface of the recording material (transfer material sheet, electrofax sheet, electrostatic recording sheet, printing paper, printing paper, etc.) by the indirect (transfer) method or the direct method. It can be utilized as a heat fixing device for performing a heat fixing process on a surface of a recording material carrying the image as a fixed image.
【0003】また、例えば、画像を担持した記録材を加
熱してつや等の表面性を改質する装置や仮定着処理する
装置等として使用できる。Further, it can be used, for example, as an apparatus for heating a recording material carrying an image to modify the surface properties of gloss and the like, an apparatus for post-treatment, etc.
【0004】図14にフィルム加熱方式の加熱装置とし
ての画像熱定着装置の要部の横断面模型図を示した。FIG. 14 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a main portion of an image heat fixing device as a film heating type heating device.
【0005】1はステー、11は耐熱性・断熱性・剛性
を有する加熱体支持部材(以下、ヒータホルダと記
す)、3は加熱体であり、本例はセラミックヒータであ
る。加熱体3をヒータホルダ11の下面に固定保持さ
せ、このヒータホルダ11をステー1の下面に固定保持
させてある。2はポリイミド等の耐熱性フィルム(以
下、定着フィルムと記す)、6は加圧部材としてのシリ
コンゴムローラ等の弾性加圧ローラである。加熱体3と
加圧ローラ6は定着フィルム2を挟んで所定の押圧力を
もって圧接させて所定幅の圧接ニップ部N(以下、定着
ニップ部と記す)を形成させてある。Reference numeral 1 is a stay, 11 is a heater support member having heat resistance, heat insulation and rigidity (hereinafter referred to as a heater holder), 3 is a heater, and in this example, a ceramic heater. The heating element 3 is fixedly held on the lower surface of the heater holder 11, and the heater holder 11 is fixedly held on the lower surface of the stay 1. Reference numeral 2 is a heat resistant film such as polyimide (hereinafter referred to as a fixing film), and 6 is an elastic pressure roller such as a silicon rubber roller as a pressure member. The heating body 3 and the pressure roller 6 are pressed against each other with a predetermined pressing force sandwiching the fixing film 2 to form a pressure contact nip portion N (hereinafter referred to as a fixing nip portion) having a predetermined width.
【0006】定着フィルム2は不図示の駆動手段、或は
加圧ローラ6が回転駆動されることにより加熱体3の下
面に密着してa方向に所定の速度で摺動搬送される。The fixing film 2 is brought into close contact with the lower surface of the heating body 3 by a driving means (not shown) or the pressure roller 6 being driven to rotate, and is slid and conveyed in a direction a at a predetermined speed.
【0007】加熱体3としてのセラミックヒータに通電
がなされて所定の定着温度に立ち上げられて温調され、
定着フィルム2が搬送されてる状態において、定着ニッ
プ部Nの定着フィルム2と加圧ローラ6との間に被加熱
材としての画像定着すべき被記録材Pを導入して定着フ
ィルム2と一緒に定着ニップ部Nを挟持搬送させること
により加熱体3の熱を定着フィルム2を介して被記録材
Pに付与して該被記録材Pの面に形成担持されている未
定着顕画像(トナー画像)tを熱定着させるものであ
る。定着ニップ部Nを通った被記録材Pは定着フィルム
2面から分離されて搬送されていく。The ceramic heater as the heating element 3 is energized to rise to a predetermined fixing temperature and temperature is adjusted.
In the state where the fixing film 2 is being conveyed, a recording material P to be image-fixed as a material to be heated is introduced between the fixing film 2 and the pressure roller 6 in the fixing nip portion N so that the recording material P together with the fixing film 2 is introduced. By nip-conveying the fixing nip portion N, the heat of the heating element 3 is applied to the recording material P via the fixing film 2 to form an unfixed visible image (toner image) formed and carried on the surface of the recording material P. ) T is thermally fixed. The recording material P passing through the fixing nip portion N is separated from the surface of the fixing film 2 and conveyed.
【0008】加熱体3としてのセラミックヒータは、電
気絶縁性・耐熱性・低熱容量の細長のセラミック基板3
aと、該基板の面に長手に沿って線状あるいは帯状に形
成した通電発熱体3bを基本構成体とするものであり、
通電発熱体3bに対する通電により急速昇温する。The ceramic heater as the heating element 3 is an elongated ceramic substrate 3 having electric insulation, heat resistance and low heat capacity.
a and an electric heating element 3b formed in a linear or strip shape along the length of the surface of the substrate as a basic constituent
The temperature is rapidly raised by energizing the energization heating element 3b.
【0009】加熱体3の温度は不図示の温度検出素子で
検出されてその検出情報が不図示の通電制御回路へフィ
ードバックされて電源から通電発熱体3bへの通電が制
御されることで定着実行時に温度検出素子で検出される
加熱体3の温度が所定の温度(定着温度)になるように
温調制御される。The temperature of the heating element 3 is detected by a temperature detecting element (not shown), and the detected information is fed back to an energization control circuit (not shown) to control the energization from the power source to the energization heating element 3b to execute fixing. Temperature control is performed so that the temperature of the heating element 3 that is sometimes detected by the temperature detecting element reaches a predetermined temperature (fixing temperature).
【0010】また、加熱体3の異常昇温時に加熱体の熱
で作動して加熱体への給電を緊急遮断させる安全対策用
温度検知素子10(サーマルプロテクタ、以下、温度ヒ
ューズと記す)を加熱体3の定着フィルム密着面側とは
反対側の面(加熱体背面)に対して接触させて配設して
あり、通電発熱体3bに対する通電に制御不能の事態を
生じて加熱体3が異常昇温(加熱体の暴走、許容以上の
過昇温)すると、その加熱体3の異常昇温温度で温度ヒ
ューズ10が作動して通電発熱体3bへの通電が緊急遮
断される。Further, a temperature detecting element 10 for safety measures (a thermal protector, hereinafter referred to as a temperature fuse) which heats the heating element 3 by the heat of the heating element when the temperature of the heating element 3 abnormally rises and urgently cuts off the power supply to the heating element is heated. The heating element 3 is arranged in contact with the surface of the body 3 opposite to the fixing film contact surface side (the back surface of the heating element), and an uncontrollable state occurs in the energization of the energization heating element 3b, causing the heating element 3 to malfunction. When the temperature rises (runaway of the heating element, excessive temperature rise beyond the allowable level), the temperature fuse 10 operates at the abnormally elevated temperature of the heating element 3, and the energization of the energization heating element 3b is urgently cut off.
【0011】上記のようなフィルム加熱方式の装置は、
加熱体3として低熱容量のものを用いることができるた
め、従来の熱ローラ方式等の加熱装置に比べウエイトタ
イムの短縮化(クイックスタート性)が可能となり、ま
たクイックスタートが可能となるため、装置を使用して
いない時の予熱が必要なくなり、総合的な意味での省電
力化もはかれる。その他、他の加熱方式の装置の種々の
欠点を解決できる等の利点を有し、効果的なものであ
る。The film heating type apparatus as described above is
Since the heating element 3 having a low heat capacity can be used, the weight time can be shortened (quick start property) as compared with the conventional heating device such as the heat roller system, and the quick start can be performed. Preheating when not in use is not necessary, and power saving can be achieved in a comprehensive sense. In addition, it has an advantage that it can solve various drawbacks of other heating type devices, and is effective.
【0012】安全対策用温度検知素子としての温度ヒュ
ーズ10には通常、感温ペレットタイプと、合金タイプ
の2種類がある。The thermal fuse 10 as a temperature detecting element for safety measures is generally classified into two types, a temperature sensitive pellet type and an alloy type.
【0013】図15は感温ペレットタイプの温度ヒュー
ズの一例であり、(A)は平常時の縦断面図、(B)は
動作時の縦断面図である。15A and 15B show an example of a temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse, wherein FIG. 15A is a vertical sectional view in a normal state and FIG. 15B is a vertical sectional view in operation.
【0014】31は温度ヒューズの外装金属ケース、3
2は第1リード線であり、その先端部に絶縁セラミック
円筒部材33を取りつけ、この円筒部材33をケース3
1内の一端側に嵌入してケースをかしめることによりケ
ース31とは絶縁して抜け止めてある。Reference numeral 31 denotes an outer metal case of the thermal fuse, 3
Reference numeral 2 is a first lead wire, and an insulating ceramic cylindrical member 33 is attached to the tip of the first lead wire.
By being fitted into one end of the casing 1 and caulking the case, the case 31 is insulated and prevented from coming off.
【0015】34は第2リード線であり、その先端部を
ケース31内の他端側に挿入しケースをかしめて金属ケ
ース31に電気的に導通させて抜け止めてある。Reference numeral 34 denotes a second lead wire, the tip end portion of which is inserted into the other end side of the case 31 and the case is caulked to electrically connect to the metal case 31 to prevent it from coming off.
【0016】35・36・37・38・39・40は夫
々ケース31内に第1リード線32側から第2リード線
34側に順次に配列内蔵させた、第1スプリング、可動
電極、円板、第2スプリング、円板、感温部材である有
機物からなる感温ペレットである。35, 36, 37, 38, 39, and 40 are arranged in order from the first lead wire 32 side to the second lead wire 34 side in the case 31, respectively. , A second spring, a disc, and a temperature-sensitive pellet made of an organic material that is a temperature-sensitive member.
【0017】第1スプリング35は絶縁セラミック33
と可動電極36との間に縮設してあり、第2スプリング
38は円板37と円板39間に縮設してある。The first spring 35 is an insulating ceramic 33.
And the movable electrode 36, and the second spring 38 is compressed between the disk 37 and the disk 39.
【0018】第2スプリング38のバネ力を第1スプリ
ング35よりも大きくしてあり、(A)の平常時はこの
第2スプリング38の円板37・39間での突っ張り力
により、第1スプリング35が可動電極36と絶縁セラ
ミック円筒部材33との間に押し縮められ、可動電極3
6が第1リード線32の先端部に押圧されて該第1リー
ド線32との電気的導通が保たれる。また感温ペレット
40が第2リード線34の先端に当接して受け止めら
れ、円板39と第2リード線34の先端間にスペーサ部
材として介在した状態に保たれる。The spring force of the second spring 38 is set to be larger than that of the first spring 35. In the normal state (A), the tension force between the discs 37 and 39 of the second spring 38 causes the first spring to move. 35 is compressed between the movable electrode 36 and the insulating ceramic cylindrical member 33,
6 is pressed against the tip portion of the first lead wire 32 to maintain electrical continuity with the first lead wire 32. Further, the temperature-sensitive pellet 40 abuts on and is received by the tip of the second lead wire 34, and is kept in a state of being interposed as a spacer member between the disc 39 and the tip of the second lead wire 34.
【0019】可動電極36はその外周縁が金属ケース3
1の内面に接触していて該ケース31との電気的導通を
保ってケース内を軸線方向に移動自由である。The movable electrode 36 has a metal case 3 at its outer peripheral edge.
It is in contact with the inner surface of No. 1 and keeps electrical connection with the case 31, and is freely movable in the axial direction in the case.
【0020】この平常時状態において、加熱体3の通電
発熱体3bへの電流は第1リード線32、その先端に押
圧接触状態にある可動電極36、これと電気的に導通し
ている金属ケース31、第2リード線34の経路で流れ
る。In this normal state, the electric current to the energization heating element 3b of the heating element 3 is the first lead wire 32, the movable electrode 36 which is in pressure contact with the tip of the first lead wire 32, and the metal case electrically connected to this. 31 and the second lead wire 34 flow.
【0021】41はケース31内の気密性を保たせるた
めに本例の場合は金属ケース31の第1リード線取付け
側の端面と第1リード線基部にかけて塗着形成した封口
(封止)樹脂部である。In order to maintain the airtightness of the case 31, 41 in this example is a sealing (sealing) resin formed by coating between the end surface of the metal case 31 on the first lead wire mounting side and the first lead wire base. It is a department.
【0022】この温度ヒューズ10を加熱体3に接触さ
せて配設することにより、加熱体3の熱が金属ケース3
1等を介して内部の感温ペレット40に伝達される。こ
の感温ペレット40の温度が所定の動作温度以下である
限りは該温度ヒューズ10は(A)の平常時状態が保た
れていて、この温度ヒューズ10を介して加熱体3の通
電発熱体3bへの給電がなされる。By disposing the thermal fuse 10 in contact with the heating element 3, the heat of the heating element 3 is transferred to the metal case 3.
It is transmitted to the temperature-sensitive pellet 40 inside via 1 etc. As long as the temperature of the temperature-sensitive pellet 40 is below a predetermined operating temperature, the thermal fuse 10 is kept in the normal state (A), and the energization heating element 3b of the heating element 3 is passed through the thermal fuse 10. Is supplied to.
【0023】一方、通電制御系15の故障による加熱体
暴走により加熱体3が過昇温して感温ペレット40の温
度が所定の動作温度以上になると、該感温ペレット40
が溶融または昇華して(B)のように液状または消滅
し、円板39と第2リード線34の先端間のスペーサ部
材としての感温ペレット40がなくなる。そのため第1
スプリング35のバネ力で第2スプリング38が第2リ
ード線34側へ押し動かされて可動電極36が第1リー
ド線32の先端から離れた状態になり、加熱体3の通電
発熱体4への通電が遮断される。On the other hand, when the heating element 3 overheats due to the runaway of the heating element due to the failure of the energization control system 15 and the temperature of the temperature sensitive pellet 40 becomes higher than a predetermined operating temperature, the temperature sensitive pellet 40 is heated.
Melts or sublimes to become liquid or disappear as in (B), and the temperature-sensitive pellet 40 as a spacer member between the disc 39 and the tip of the second lead wire 34 disappears. Therefore the first
The second spring 38 is pushed toward the second lead wire 34 side by the spring force of the spring 35 so that the movable electrode 36 is separated from the tip of the first lead wire 32, and the heating element 3 of Power is cut off.
【0024】図16は合金タイプの温度ヒューズの一例
であり、(A)は平常時の縦断面図、(B)は動作時の
縦断面図である。FIGS. 16A and 16B show an example of an alloy type thermal fuse. FIG. 16A is a vertical sectional view in normal times, and FIG. 16B is a vertical sectional view in operation.
【0025】43は該温度ヒューズ10の外装セラミッ
クケース、44は該ケース内に位置させて両端部にそれ
ぞれ第1と第2のリード線32・34を溶接により接続
した感温部材としての合金からなる導電性可溶体であ
る。この可溶体44の外周はフラックス45で覆われて
いる。Reference numeral 43 denotes an exterior ceramic case of the thermal fuse 10, reference numeral 44 denotes an alloy serving as a temperature-sensitive member, which is located in the case and has first and second lead wires 32 and 34 connected to both ends by welding. It is a conductive soluble body. The outer periphery of the fusible body 44 is covered with the flux 45.
【0026】41・41はケース43内の気密性を保た
せるためにケース43の両端開口部を閉塞させた封口樹
脂部である。Numerals 41, 41 are sealing resin portions in which both end openings of the case 43 are closed in order to maintain the airtightness of the case 43.
【0027】この温度ヒューズ10を加熱体3に接触さ
せて配設することにより、加熱体3の熱がセラミックケ
ース43等を介して内部の可溶体44に伝達される。こ
の可溶体44の温度が所定の動作温度以下である限りは
温度ヒューズ10は(A)の平常時状態が保たれてい
て、第1リード線32、可溶体44、第2リード線34
の経路で加熱体3の通電発熱体3bへの給電がなされ
る。By disposing the thermal fuse 10 in contact with the heating element 3, the heat of the heating element 3 is transferred to the fusible element 44 inside via the ceramic case 43 and the like. As long as the temperature of the fusible body 44 is equal to or lower than a predetermined operating temperature, the thermal fuse 10 is kept in the normal state (A), and the first lead wire 32, the fusible body 44, and the second lead wire 34.
Power is supplied to the energized heat generating element 3b of the heating element 3 through the path.
【0028】一方、加熱体暴走により加熱体3が過昇温
して可溶体44が所定の動作温度以上になると、該可溶
体44が溶融する。このとき可溶体44は回りを覆って
いるフラックス45の作用と可溶体44の表面張力によ
り溶融した可溶体44が瞬時に第1と第2のリード線3
2・34の先端部に(B)のようにそれぞれ分かれて凝
集・球状化して溶断した状態になり、加熱体3の通電発
熱体3bへの給電回路が確実に遮断される。On the other hand, when the heating element 3 overheats due to runaway of the heating element and the fusible element 44 reaches a predetermined operating temperature or higher, the fusible element 44 melts. At this time, the fusible body 44 is melted by the action of the flux 45 that surrounds the fusible body 44 and the surface tension of the fusible body 44, and the fusible body 44 instantly melts the first and second lead wires 3.
As shown in (B), the tip ends of 2.34 are agglomerated, sphered, and melted, and the power supply circuit to the energization heating element 3b of the heating element 3 is reliably cut off.
【0029】上述の感温ペレットタイプの温度ヒューズ
も、合金タイプの温度ヒューズも、上述したようにヒュ
ーズケース31・43内を封口樹脂41により気密性を
保たせている。これはケース内を気密に保たないと、ケ
ース内の感温ペレット40や可溶体44・フラックス4
5が経時的に変質してしまい、本来の動作温度以下で作
動してしまったり、逆に動作温度に達しても作動しなか
ったりして信頼性が低下してしまうからである。As described above, both the temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse and the alloy type thermal fuse are made airtight by the sealing resin 41 in the fuse cases 31 and 43. If the inside of the case is not kept airtight, the temperature sensitive pellets 40, the fusible body 44, and the flux 4 inside the case
This is because the quality of No. 5 deteriorates over time and operates at or below the original operating temperature, or conversely it does not operate even when the operating temperature is reached, resulting in reduced reliability.
【0030】従来はその封口樹脂41として、リード線
32・34を曲げ処置する等の際に封口樹脂部に強い力
が加わっても、はがれ・ひび・変形等して気密がやぶれ
ないように、エポキシ樹脂等の、ある程度強度を持つ耐
熱性非弾性材質の樹脂を用いている。Conventionally, as the sealing resin 41, even if a strong force is applied to the sealing resin portion when bending the lead wires 32 and 34, peeling, cracking, deformation, etc. are prevented so that the airtightness is not broken. A resin made of a heat-resistant non-elastic material having a certain strength such as an epoxy resin is used.
【0031】[0031]
(A)フィルム加熱方式の加熱装置は、熱ローラ方式
等、他の加熱装置と異なり、加熱体の急加熱・急冷却と
いうヒートサイクルを頻繁に繰り返す。(A) Unlike other heating devices such as a heating roller system, a film heating type heating device frequently repeats a heat cycle of rapid heating and rapid cooling of a heating element.
【0032】即ち、加熱体3に接触させて設けた温度ヒ
ューズ10もそのようなヒートサイクルを受けることで
封口樹脂部41が熱膨張・収縮を繰り返すために、該封
口樹脂部41にひびが入り、気密がやぶられて温度ヒュ
ーズ10の動作異常を起こす可能性があった。That is, the thermal fuse 10 provided in contact with the heating element 3 also undergoes such a heat cycle, so that the sealing resin portion 41 repeats thermal expansion and contraction, so that the sealing resin portion 41 is cracked. However, there is a possibility that the airtightness is broken and the thermal fuse 10 malfunctions.
【0033】(B)加熱体3の長手方向の温度分布は被
記録材Pのサイズにより通紙部と非通紙部の領域が変わ
る為、これに対応して変化してしまう。(B) The temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction of the heating element 3 changes corresponding to the size of the recording material P between the paper passing portion and the non-paper passing portion.
【0034】よって温度ヒューズ10を従来のように加
熱体3に直接接触させて配置する場合は加熱体3の温度
が通紙中に常に安定する通紙部に、できる限り低い定格
温度の温度ヒューズを配置し、異常昇温時の応答を早く
する必要がある。Therefore, when the thermal fuse 10 is arranged in direct contact with the heating element 3 as in the conventional case, the temperature fuse having a temperature as low as possible is provided in the paper passing portion where the temperature of the heating element 3 is always stable during paper passing. It is necessary to dispose of and to speed up the response at the time of abnormal temperature rise.
【0035】また、安全性を高める目的で複数個の温度
ヒューズを配置する場合、スペース的に、被記録材Pの
サイズによっては加熱体3の長手方向で非通紙部となる
領域にも温度ヒューズを当接することとなる。このよう
な場合、温度ヒューズ10を加熱体3に直接接触させて
配置すると、小サイズ紙を通紙したときの非通紙部昇温
によって誤動作を起こさない程度に定格温度の高い温度
ヒューズを使うこととなる。しかし、これは異常昇温時
の応答を鈍くすることとなってしまう。Further, when a plurality of thermal fuses are arranged for the purpose of enhancing safety, the temperature may be increased even in a region which is a non-sheet passing portion in the longitudinal direction of the heating element 3 depending on the size of the recording material P. The fuse will come into contact. In such a case, when the thermal fuse 10 is placed in direct contact with the heating element 3, a thermal fuse having a high rated temperature is used to the extent that malfunction does not occur due to temperature rise in the non-sheet passing portion when passing small size paper. It will be. However, this would slow down the response during abnormal temperature rise.
【0036】(C)従来のように温度ヒューズ10を直
接に加熱体3に当接すると、通常の通紙中にも温度ヒュ
ーズ10に熱が奪われてしまい、加熱体3の温度ヒュー
ズ当接部位の定着性が下がってしまう。朝一の立ち上げ
(温度ヒューズの温度が室温程度に低い状態からの立ち
上げ)では温度ヒューズ10が当接している加熱体部分
の温度が他の加熱体部分よりもおよそ20deg程度低
くなっていた。このことは朝一の定着性を低下させてし
まう。(C) When the thermal fuse 10 is directly contacted with the heating element 3 as in the conventional case, heat is taken by the thermal fuse 10 even during normal paper passing, and the heating element 3 is contacted with the thermal fuse 3. The fixability of the part is reduced. In the first start-up in the morning (starting from a state where the temperature of the thermal fuse is low to about room temperature), the temperature of the heating body portion in contact with the thermal fuse 10 is about 20 deg lower than that of the other heating body portions. This reduces the fixability in the morning.
【0037】これを防ぐために、通電発熱体3bの発熱
量を温度ヒューズ当接部に合わせて、高くなるよう通電
発熱体を構成する、例えば、通電発熱体3bのパターン
をしぼり通電発熱体の長手に沿う発熱分布を部分的に変
えなくてはならず通電発熱体のパターンを複雑にしてい
た。In order to prevent this, the energization heating element is constructed so that the heating value of the energization heating element 3b becomes higher in accordance with the temperature fuse contact portion. For example, the pattern of the energization heating element 3b is squeezed to lengthen the length of the energization heating element. The distribution of heat generation along the line had to be partially changed, and the pattern of the electric heating element was complicated.
【0038】(D)上記のような問題点を解決する為の
対策として、温度ヒューズ10を加熱体3近傍に非接触
で配置することも考えられている。(D) As a measure for solving the above problems, it is also considered to arrange the thermal fuse 10 in the vicinity of the heating body 3 in a non-contact manner.
【0039】しかし、加熱体3に温度ヒューズ10を非
接触で設ける場合、加熱体3から温度ヒューズ10への
熱伝導が遅い為に、異常時の加熱体過昇温を検知して加
熱体への通電を遮断するのが遅くなり発煙を生じて問題
になる可能性があった。However, when the thermal fuse 10 is provided on the heating element 3 in a non-contact manner, the heat conduction from the heating element 3 to the thermal fuse 10 is slow, and therefore the excessive heating of the heating element at the time of abnormality is detected and the thermal fuse is applied to the heating element. There was a possibility that it would be a problem that the current supply to the device would be cut off lately and smoke might be generated.
【0040】また、検知精度を高めるためために加熱体
と温度ヒューズとの離間間隔の精度を非常に高くする必
要があるが、これは技術的に困難であると共にコストア
ップになってしまう。Further, in order to improve the detection accuracy, it is necessary to make the accuracy of the spacing between the heating element and the thermal fuse extremely high, but this is technically difficult and increases the cost.
【0041】本発明は、フィルム加熱方式の加熱装置に
ついて、加熱体の異常昇温時に加熱体への給電を緊急遮
断する安全対策用温度検知素子(温度ヒューズ)を上記
(D)の場合と同様に加熱体に非接触で配置するもので
あるが、非接触配置の場合の上述のような、素子の応答
遅れの問題、加熱体と安全対策用温度検知素子との離間
配設精度の問題を解消して、安全性、信頼性を向上させ
た加熱装置を提供することを目的とする。The present invention relates to a film heating type heating device, in which the temperature detecting element for safety measures (temperature fuse) for urgently cutting off the power supply to the heating body when the temperature of the heating body is abnormally elevated is the same as in the case of the above (D). The non-contact arrangement with the heating element, but the problem of the response delay of the element, the problem of the disposition accuracy of the heating element and the temperature detecting element for safety measures as described above in the case of the non-contact arrangement. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heating device that has been eliminated to improve safety and reliability.
【0042】[0042]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は下記の構成を特
徴とする加熱装置である。The present invention is a heating device characterized by the following constitutions.
【0043】(1)通電により発熱する加熱体に耐熱性
フィルムを接触摺動させ該フィルムの加熱体側とは反対
側の面に被加熱材を密着させて該フィルムと共に加熱体
位置を通過させて加熱体から該フィルムを介して被加熱
材に熱エネルギーを付与する加熱装置において、加熱体
の異常昇温時に加熱体の熱で作動して加熱体への給電を
緊急遮断する安全対策用温度検知素子を加熱体に対して
スペーサ部材を介して離間させて非接触配設し、上記ス
ペーサ部材の少なくとも一部を、軟化点が安全対策用温
度検知素子の作動温度より大であり、かつ加熱体の異常
昇温時に安全対策用温度検知素子の作動前に軟化してス
ペーサ部材のスペーサ機能を消失させて安全対策用温度
検知素子の加熱体に対する接触を許容させる軟化部材で
構成したことを特徴とする加熱装置。(1) A heat-resistant film is brought into contact with and slides on a heating body that generates heat when energized, and a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body side so that the film and the film pass through the heating body position. In a heating device that applies heat energy to a material to be heated through the film from a heating element, temperature detection for safety measures that is activated by the heat of the heating element when the temperature of the heating element is abnormally high and that interrupts the power supply to the heating element The element is spaced apart from the heating element via a spacer member and arranged in a non-contact manner, and the softening point of at least a part of the spacer element is higher than the operating temperature of the temperature detecting element for safety measures, and the heating element When the temperature rises abnormally, the temperature sensing element for safety measures is softened before the operation to lose the spacer function of the spacer member, and it is configured with a softening member that allows the temperature sensing element for safety measures to contact the heating body. Heating device for the.
【0044】(2)スペーサ部材を介して加熱体に離間
させて非接触配設した安全対策用温度検知素子を加熱体
方向に常時押圧付勢する部材を具備させたことを特徴と
する(1)に記載の加熱装置。(2) The present invention is characterized in that a member for constantly urging the temperature detecting element for safety measures, which is arranged in a non-contact manner with being separated from the heating body via a spacer member, is constantly urged toward the heating body (1) ) The heating device described in.
【0045】(3)安全対策用温度検知素子を加熱体の
耐熱性フィルム密着面側とは反対面側において被加熱材
進行方向に沿う温度分布の温度の最も高い部分位置にス
ペーサ部材を介して離間させて非接触配設したことを特
徴とする(1)または(2)に記載の加熱装置。(3) The temperature detecting element for safety measures is provided on the side of the heating body opposite to the heat-resistant film contacting side through the spacer member at the highest temperature portion of the temperature distribution along the direction of travel of the heated material. The heating device according to (1) or (2), characterized in that the heating device is separated from each other and disposed in a non-contact manner.
【0046】(4)加熱体の耐熱性フィルム密着面側と
は反対面側に近接する加熱体支持部材部分に空隙を設け
たことを特徴とする(1)乃至(3)の何れかに記載の
加熱装置。(4) In any one of (1) to (3), a space is provided in a portion of the heating member supporting member which is adjacent to a surface of the heating member opposite to the heat-resistant film contact surface side. Heating device.
【0047】(5)複数の安全対策用温度検知素子を加
熱体の長手方向に配列して備えたことを特徴とする
(1)乃至(4)の何れかに記載の加熱装置。(5) The heating device according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein a plurality of temperature detecting elements for safety measures are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the heating body.
【0048】(6)安全対策用温度検知素子を加熱体の
耐熱性フィルム密着面側とは反対面側に形成された当接
部に近接して備えたことを特徴とする(1)乃至(5)
の何れかに記載の加熱装置。(6) A temperature detecting element for safety measures is provided in the vicinity of an abutting portion formed on the side of the heating element opposite to the heat-resistant film contacting side, (1) to (). 5)
The heating device according to any one of 1.
【0049】[0049]
a)加熱体の異常昇温時に加熱体の熱で作動して加熱体
への給電を緊急遮断する安全対策用温度検知素子を加熱
体に対してスペーサ部材を介して離間させて非接触配設
し、該スペーサ部材の少なくとも一部を、軟化点が安全
対策用温度検知素子の作動温度より大であり、かつ加熱
体の異常昇温時に安全対策用温度検知素子の作動前に軟
化してスペーサ部材のスペーサ機能を消失させて安全対
策用温度検知素子の加熱体に対する接触を許容させる軟
化部材で構成することで、平常時、即ち加熱体が通常の
温調温度で加熱制御されている限りにおいては、安全対
策用温度検知素子のスペーサ部材は軟化せず、従って安
全対策用温度検知素子は加熱体に対してスペーサ部材を
介して所定の離間間隔を存して非接触に配設されている
状態に保持される。a) A temperature detecting element for safety measures, which is activated by the heat of the heating body when the temperature of the heating body is abnormally elevated and is urgently cut off from power supply to the heating body, is arranged in a non-contact manner with a spacer member spaced from the heating body. However, at least a part of the spacer member has a softening point higher than the operating temperature of the temperature detecting element for safety measures and is softened before the operation of the temperature detecting element for safety measures when the temperature of the heating element is abnormally high. By using a softening member that eliminates the spacer function of the member and allows the temperature sensing element for safety measures to contact the heating body, in normal times, that is, as long as the heating body is heated and controlled at the normal temperature control temperature. Does not soften the spacer member of the temperature detecting element for safety measures, and therefore the temperature detecting element for safety measures is arranged in a non-contact manner with a predetermined spacing from the heating member via the spacer member. Be held in a state
【0050】このように平常時は、安全対策用温度検知
素子は加熱体から離間した非接触の状態に保持されるの
で、加熱体の急加熱・急冷却というヒートサイクルが頻
繁に繰り返されても、接触配設の場合よりもその加熱体
ヒートサイクルの熱影響が大幅に緩和され、従って安全
対策用温度検知素子の封口樹脂の大きな熱膨張・収縮の
繰り返しによるひび割れ・気密破れが防止され、安全対
策用温度検知素子の所定の性能を劣化せずに長期に渡っ
て保持させることができ、また安全対策用温度検知素子
の誤作動も起きず、装置の安全性・信頼性が向上する。As described above, during normal times, the temperature detecting element for safety measures is held in a non-contact state separated from the heating body, so that even if the heat cycle of rapid heating / cooling of the heating body is frequently repeated. , The thermal effect of the heating cycle of the heating element is greatly reduced compared to the case of contact arrangement, and therefore cracking and airtightness breakage due to repeated large thermal expansion and contraction of the sealing resin of the temperature sensing element for safety measures are prevented, and safety The predetermined performance of the temperature sensing element for countermeasures can be maintained for a long time without deterioration, and the temperature sensing element for safety countermeasures does not malfunction, thus improving the safety and reliability of the device.
【0051】b)また平常時は、安全対策用温度検知素
子は加熱体から離間した非接触の状態に保持されること
で、接触配設の場合のような加熱体の安全対策用温度検
知素子接触部の安全対策用温度検知素子による奪熱に起
因する局部的な温度低下がなくなり、加熱体の長手に沿
う温度分布を均一化できて加熱体の通電発熱体のパター
ンを簡略化することが可能となる。B) During normal times, the temperature detecting element for safety measures is held in a non-contact state separated from the heating body, so that the temperature detecting element for safety measures of the heating body as in the case of contact arrangement. There is no local temperature drop due to heat removal by the temperature sensing element for safety measures at the contact part, the temperature distribution along the length of the heating element can be made uniform, and the pattern of the energization heating element of the heating element can be simplified. It will be possible.
【0052】c)加熱体の耐熱性フィルム密着面側とは
反対面側に近接する加熱体支持部材部分に空隙を設ける
ことで、これと安全対策用温度検知素子が加熱体に非接
触配設されていることと相まって加熱体の発熱量を長手
方向で一定にしても加熱体の長手に沿う温度分布を定着
性に影響が出ない程度に均一とすることができた。これ
により、加熱体の通電発熱体の構成を簡略化し、コスト
ダウンを行うことが可能となった。また、加熱体背面側
の加熱体支持部材部分に上記の空隙があることで、加熱
体背面から加熱体支持部材への熱の逃げを防ぐことがで
き、クイックスタート、消費電力の低減も可能となっ
た。C) By providing an air gap in the portion of the heating body supporting member which is close to the surface side of the heating body which is opposite to the heat resistant film contact surface side, this and the temperature detecting element for safety measures are arranged in non-contact with the heating body. Combined with the above, even if the amount of heat generated by the heating element was constant in the longitudinal direction, the temperature distribution along the longitudinal direction of the heating element could be made uniform to the extent that fixability was not affected. As a result, the structure of the electric heating element of the heating element can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. In addition, the presence of the above-mentioned gap in the heating body support member portion on the heating body rear surface side can prevent heat from escaping from the heating body back surface to the heating body support member, and also enables quick start and reduction in power consumption. became.
【0053】d)装置に通紙する被加熱材のサイズによ
っては非通紙部となり非通紙部昇温が高くなる領域にも
安全対策用温度検知素子を配置できるため、安全性を高
めるために複数の安全対策用温度検知素子を加熱体の長
手方向にわたって誤動作の問題なく配置することができ
る。D) Depending on the size of the material to be heated that is passed through the apparatus, the temperature detecting element for safety measures can be arranged in the non-sheet passing area where the temperature rises in the non-sheet passing area. In addition, it is possible to dispose a plurality of temperature detecting elements for safety measures in the longitudinal direction of the heating body without causing a malfunction.
【0054】e)加熱体に対する通電に制御不能の事態
を生じて加熱体が異常昇温したときは、その昇温がスペ
ーサ部材の軟化温度に達すると、該スペーサ部材が軟化
・溶融して安全対策用温度検知素子を支えられなくな
り、安全対策用温度検知素子は加熱体方向への押圧付勢
部材を具備させた場合は該部材の付勢力で、或は自重に
より加熱体に接触した状態に自動的に変化する。E) When an uncontrollable condition occurs in the energization of the heating element and the temperature of the heating element rises abnormally, when the temperature rise reaches the softening temperature of the spacer member, the spacer member softens and melts, resulting in safety. When the temperature sensing element for safety measures cannot be supported, and the temperature sensing element for safety measures is equipped with a pressing biasing member in the direction of the heating body, it is in contact with the heating body by the biasing force of the member or by its own weight. It changes automatically.
【0055】安全対策用温度検知素子は加熱体に接触す
ることで、異常昇温の加熱体により直に加熱されて作動
して加熱体への通電を緊急遮断する。スペーサ部材の軟
化温度は安全対策用温度検知素子の作動温度よりも大と
することで、スペーサ部材が軟化して安全対策用温度検
知素子が異常昇温の加熱体に接触すると、実質的にタイ
ムラグなくすぐに安全対策用温度検知素子が作動するに
至り、加熱体に発煙・発火を生じる前に加熱体への通電
が緊急遮断される。即ち、加熱体異常昇温時の安全対策
用温度検知素子の応答性に全く問題はない。When the temperature detecting element for safety measures is brought into contact with the heating body, it is directly heated by the heating body having an abnormal temperature rise to operate, and the power to the heating body is cut off urgently. By setting the softening temperature of the spacer member to be higher than the operating temperature of the temperature sensor for safety measures, when the spacer member softens and the temperature sensor for safety measures comes into contact with a heating element with an abnormally high temperature, the time lag is substantially reduced. Immediately, the temperature sensing element for safety measures starts to operate, and the power supply to the heating element is urgently cut off before smoke or ignition occurs in the heating element. That is, there is no problem in the responsiveness of the temperature detecting element for safety measures at the time of abnormal temperature rise of the heating body.
【0056】f)加熱体と安全対策用温度検知素子との
離間間隔はスペーサ部材で所定にバラツキ少なく規定で
きるし、その離間間隔精度も、本発明においては、加熱
体異常昇温時に安全対策用温度検知素子を加熱体から離
間させたまま作動させるのではなく、加熱体に接触状態
に変化させて作動させるから、厳密性は必要としないも
ので、低コスト化を図ることができる。F) The spacing between the heating element and the temperature detecting element for safety measures can be regulated by a spacer member with a predetermined variation, and the accuracy of the spacing is also taken as a safety measure in the present invention when the temperature of the heating element abnormally rises. Since the temperature detecting element is not operated while being separated from the heating body but is operated while being changed into a contact state with the heating body, strictness is not required and cost reduction can be achieved.
【0057】g)安全対策用温度検知素子を加熱体の耐
熱性フィルム密着面側とは反対面側において被加熱材進
行方向に沿う温度分布の温度の最も高い部分位置にスペ
ーサ部材を介して非接触に離間させて配設することで、
加熱体の異常昇温時にスペーサ部材が軟化して安全対策
用温度検知素子が加熱体に接触したとき該安全対策用温
度検知素子は加熱体の高温部分に接触して応答が迅速に
なる。G) The temperature detecting element for safety measures is not provided on the side of the heating body opposite to the heat-resistant film contact surface side through the spacer member at the position where the temperature distribution has the highest temperature along the advancing direction of the heated material. By arranging them apart from the contact,
When the spacer member softens and the temperature sensor for safety measures comes into contact with the heater when the temperature of the heater rises abnormally, the temperature sensor for safety measures comes into contact with the high temperature portion of the heater and the response becomes quick.
【0058】h)安全対策用温度検知素子を加熱体の耐
熱性フィルム密着面側とは反対面側に形成された当接部
(凹溝部)に近接して備えることで、加熱体の異常昇温
時にスペーサ部材が軟化して安全対策用温度検知素子が
加熱体に接触したとき該安全対策用温度検知素子は該当
接部に受け止められて加熱体表面側の通電発熱体中央部
に対応する位置から容易にずれることがない。また当接
部に安全対策用温度検知素子が受け止められることによ
り安全対策用温度検知素子と加熱体との接触面積が増
え、更に加熱体の通電発熱体からの距離が近くなるので
より安全対策用温度検知素子の応答が早くなる。H) By providing the temperature detecting element for safety measures in close proximity to the contact portion (recessed groove portion) formed on the side of the heating element opposite to the heat-resistant film contacting side, abnormal heating of the heating element occurs. When the temperature sensing element for safety measures comes into contact with the heating element due to softening of the spacer member when the temperature is high, the temperature sensing element for safety measures is received by the corresponding contact portion and the position corresponding to the center of the heating element on the surface side of the heating element. It does not easily come off. In addition, since the temperature sensing element for safety measures is received at the contact part, the contact area between the temperature sensing element for safety measures and the heating element increases, and the distance from the energized heating element of the heating element becomes shorter The temperature sensing element responds quickly.
【0059】[0059]
〈実施例1〉(図1〜図8) (1)加熱装置 図1は本実施例の加熱装置の概略構成を示す横断面図で
ある。本例の加熱装置は特開平4−44075号公報、
同4−204980〜204980〜204984号公
報等に開示の所謂テンションレスタイプのフィルム加熱
方式の像定着装置である。前述図14の装置と共通する
構成部材・部分には同一の符号を付して再度の説明を省
略する。<Example 1> (Figs. 1 to 8) (1) Heating device Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a heating device of this example. The heating device of this example is disclosed in JP-A-4-44075.
This is a so-called tensionless type film heating type image fixing device disclosed in JP-A-4-204980-204980-204984. Constituent members and parts common to those of the apparatus shown in FIG. 14 are designated by the same reference numerals, and repetitive description will be omitted.
【0060】1は横断面略半円形樋状の耐熱樹脂製のス
テーであり、定着フィルム2・被記録材Pの搬送方向a
に直交する方向(図面に垂直方向)を長手とする横長部
材である。Reference numeral 1 denotes a stay made of a heat-resistant resin having a substantially semi-circular cross-section gutter shape, and a fixing film 2 and a recording material P are conveyed in a conveying direction a.
It is a laterally elongated member having a longitudinal direction in a direction orthogonal to (the direction perpendicular to the drawing).
【0061】加熱体3はセラミックヒータであり、これ
を加熱体支持部材であるヒータホルダ11の下面に長手
に沿って設けた加熱体幅の溝部11aに嵌着保持させ、
そのヒータホルダ11を上記ステー1の下面に長手に沿
って形成したヒータホルダ幅の溝部1aに嵌入して保持
させてある。The heating element 3 is a ceramic heater, and the heating element 3 is fitted and held in a groove 11a having a width of the heating element provided along the longitudinal direction on the lower surface of the heater holder 11 which is a heating element supporting member.
The heater holder 11 is fitted and held in a groove portion 1a formed along the length of the lower surface of the stay 1 and having a heater holder width.
【0062】定着フィルム2は円筒状(エンドレス)の
耐熱性フィルムであり、上記のように加熱体3を保持さ
せたステー1に外嵌させてある。円筒状の定着フィルム
2の内周長と、加熱体3を含むステー1の外周長とで
は、フィルム2の方を例えば3mm程大きくしてある。
従ってフィルム2は加熱体3を含むステー1に対して周
長が余裕をもってルーズに外嵌している。The fixing film 2 is a cylindrical (endless) heat resistant film, and is fitted onto the stay 1 holding the heating body 3 as described above. Regarding the inner peripheral length of the cylindrical fixing film 2 and the outer peripheral length of the stay 1 including the heating body 3, the film 2 is made larger by about 3 mm, for example.
Therefore, the film 2 is loosely fitted to the stay 1 including the heating element 3 with a sufficient circumferential length.
【0063】加圧ローラ6は芯金6aの外周にシリコン
ゴム等の離型性のよい耐熱ゴム層6bをローラ状に同心
一体に設けた弾性ローラである。この加圧ローラ6と上
記ステー1側の加熱体3とを定着フィルム2を挟ませて
加圧ローラの弾性に抗して圧接させて所定幅の定着ニッ
プ部Nを形成させてある。The pressure roller 6 is an elastic roller in which a heat-resistant rubber layer 6b having a good releasability, such as silicon rubber, is concentrically and integrally provided on the outer periphery of a core metal 6a. The pressure roller 6 and the heating body 3 on the stay 1 side are sandwiched by the fixing film 2 and pressed against the elasticity of the pressure roller to form a fixing nip portion N having a predetermined width.
【0064】加圧ローラ6は駆動系Mにより矢示の反時
計方向に所定の周速度で回転駆動され、この加圧ローラ
6の回転駆動による、定着ニップ部Nにおける該ローラ
6とフィルム2の外面との摩擦力でフィルム2に直接的
に回転力が作用し(被記録材Pが定着ニップ部Nに導入
されたときは該被記録材Pを介してフィルム2に回転力
が間接的に作用)、該フィルム2が加熱体3の下面に圧
接摺動しつつ矢示の時計方向aに回転駆動される。ステ
ー1はその両端側を装置の不図示のサイド部材に不動に
支持させてあり、加熱体3を保持するとともに回転する
円筒状定着フィルム2の内面ガイド部材として機能して
フィルム2の回転を容易にする。フィルム2の内面と加
熱体3の下面との摺動抵抗を低減するために両者の間に
耐熱性グリス等の潤滑剤を少量介在させることもでき
る。The pressure roller 6 is rotationally driven in the counterclockwise direction indicated by the arrow at a predetermined peripheral speed by the drive system M, and the rotational drive of the pressure roller 6 causes the roller 6 and the film 2 in the fixing nip portion N to rotate. The rotational force acts directly on the film 2 due to the frictional force with the outer surface (when the recording material P is introduced into the fixing nip portion N, the rotational force is indirectly applied to the film 2 via the recording material P). Function), the film 2 is rotationally driven in the clockwise direction a as indicated by the arrow while sliding in pressure contact with the lower surface of the heating body 3. The stay 1 has both ends thereof fixedly supported by side members (not shown) of the apparatus, and functions as an inner surface guide member for the cylindrical fixing film 2 that rotates while holding the heating body 3 and facilitates rotation of the film 2. To In order to reduce the sliding resistance between the inner surface of the film 2 and the lower surface of the heating element 3, a small amount of lubricant such as heat resistant grease may be interposed between the two.
【0065】加圧ローラ6の回転によるフィルム2の回
転が定常化し、加熱体3の温度が所定に立ち上がった状
態において、フィルム2を挟んで加熱体3と加圧ローラ
6とで形成される定着ニップ部Nのフィルム2と加圧ロ
ーラ6との間に被加熱材としての画像定着すべき被記録
材Pが導入されてフィルム2と一緒に定着ニップ部Nを
挟持搬送されることにより加熱体3の熱がフィルム2を
介して被記録材P・未定着顕画像tに付与され被記録材
P上の未定着顕画像tが被記録材P面に加熱定着される
ものである。定着ニップ部Nを通った被記録材Pはフィ
ルム2の面から分離されて搬送される。In a state where the rotation of the film 2 is stabilized by the rotation of the pressure roller 6 and the temperature of the heating body 3 rises to a predetermined value, the fixing formed by the heating body 3 and the pressure roller 6 with the film 2 sandwiched therebetween. A recording material P to be image-fixed as a material to be heated is introduced between the film 2 and the pressure roller 6 in the nip portion N, and the fixing nip portion N is nipped and conveyed together with the film 2 to heat the heating member. The heat of 3 is applied to the recording material P / unfixed visible image t via the film 2, and the unfixed visible image t on the recording material P is heated and fixed on the surface of the recording material P. The recording material P passing through the fixing nip portion N is separated from the surface of the film 2 and conveyed.
【0066】本例のフィルム加熱方式の装置は、フィル
ム回転駆動状態時に、定着ニップ部Nと、このニップ部
Nよりもフィルム回転方向上流側のステー外面部分とフ
ィルム1の内面との接触部領域のフィルム部分のみにテ
ンションが作用し、残余の大部分のフィルム部分にはテ
ンションが作用しない(テンションレス、テンションフ
リー)。そのため、フィルム回転駆動状態時におけるフ
ィルム2のステー長手に沿う寄り移動力が小さく、フィ
ルム2の寄り移動規制手段ないしはフィルム寄り制御手
段を簡単化することができる。例えばフィルム2の寄り
移動規制手段としてはフィルム端部を受け止めるフラン
ジ部材のような簡単なものにすることができ、フィルム
寄り制御手段は省略して装置のコストダウンや小型化を
図ることができる。In the film heating type apparatus of this embodiment, the fixing nip portion N and the contact portion area between the outer surface portion of the stay upstream of the nip portion N in the film rotation direction and the inner surface of the film 1 in the film rotation driving state. The tension acts only on the film part of the above, and the tension does not act on the rest of the film part (tensionless, tension free). Therefore, the shift force of the film 2 along the length of the stay in the film rotational driving state is small, and the shift control means for the film 2 or the film shift control means can be simplified. For example, the film shift control means can be as simple as a flange member that receives the film end portion, and the film shift control means can be omitted to reduce the cost and size of the apparatus.
【0067】定着フィルム2は熱容量を小さくしてクイ
ックスタート性を向上させる為に、膜厚を、総厚100
μm以下好ましくは40μm以下20μm以上の耐熱性
・離型性・強度・耐久性等のあるPTFE,PFA,F
EPの単層フィルム、あるいは、ポリイミド,ポリアミ
ドイミド,PEEK,PES,PPS等の外周表面にP
TFE,PFA,FEP等をコーティングした複合層フ
ィルムを使用できる。本実施例では、ポリイミドフィル
ムの外周表面にPTFEをコートしたものを用いた。The fixing film 2 has a total thickness of 100 in order to reduce the heat capacity and improve the quick start property.
PTFE, PFA, F having heat resistance, releasability, strength, durability, etc. of not more than μm, preferably not more than 40 μm and not less than 20 μm
Single layer film of EP or P on the outer peripheral surface of polyimide, polyamide imide, PEEK, PES, PPS, etc.
A composite layer film coated with TFE, PFA, FEP, etc. can be used. In this example, a polyimide film having an outer peripheral surface coated with PTFE was used.
【0068】図2は加熱体3としてのセラミックヒータ
の途中部省略・一部切欠き平面模型図と、通電制御系の
ブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view of a ceramic heater as the heating element 3 with the middle part omitted and partially cut away, and a block diagram of the energization control system.
【0069】本例の加熱体としてのセラミックヒータ3
は下記の構成のものである。Ceramic heater 3 as the heating element of this example
Has the following configuration.
【0070】a.定着フィルム2の搬送方向aに略直交
する方向を長手とする、Al2 O3(アルミナ),Al
N,SiC等の電気絶縁性・耐熱性・低熱容量の、幅7
mm・厚さ1mmの細長のセラミック基板3a、 b.この基板3aの一方面側(表面側)の基板幅方向中
央部に基板長手に沿って、スクリーン印刷等により幅2
mmに塗工・焼成して形成した線状あるいは帯状の、銀
パラジウム(Ag/Pd),RuO2 ,Ta2 N等の電
気抵抗材料の通電発熱体3b、 c.この通電発熱体3bの両端部にそれぞれ導通させて
基板面に形成した給電電極3c・3d、 d.基板3aの通電発熱体形成面を被覆させた表面保護
層としてのガラスやフッ素樹脂等の電気絶縁性オーバー
コート層3e、 e.基板3aの他方面側(背面側)に接触させて設けた
サーミスタ等の温度検出素子3f、 f.後述するように、基板3aの他方面側にスペーサ部
材13を介して非接触に離間させて配設した安全対策用
温度検知素子である温度ヒューズ10。A. Al 2 O 3 (alumina), Al whose longitudinal direction is substantially orthogonal to the transport direction a of the fixing film 2
Width 7 with electrical insulation, heat resistance, and low heat capacity of N, SiC, etc.
mm ceramic substrate 3a having a thickness of 1 mm, b. The width of the substrate 3a is reduced by screen printing or the like along the length of the substrate at the central portion in the substrate width direction on one surface side (front surface side).
linear or strip formed by coating and baking in mm, silver-palladium (Ag / Pd), energization heater 3b of the electrical resistance material such as RuO 2, Ta 2 N, c . Power supply electrodes 3c and 3d formed on the surface of the substrate by electrically connecting both ends of the electric heating element 3b, d. An electrically insulating overcoat layer 3e such as glass or fluororesin as a surface protection layer covering the surface of the substrate 3a on which the electric heating element is formed, e. A temperature detecting element 3f such as a thermistor provided in contact with the other surface side (back surface side) of the substrate 3a, f. As will be described later, a temperature fuse 10, which is a temperature detecting element for safety measures, is arranged on the other surface side of the substrate 3a so as to be separated in a non-contact manner via a spacer member 13.
【0071】加熱体3のオーバーコート層3e側がフィ
ルム接触摺動面側であり、この面側を外部露呈させて加
熱体3をヒータホルダ11に保持させ、そのヒータホル
ダ11をステー1に保持させてある。The overcoat layer 3e side of the heating element 3 is the film contact sliding surface side. This surface side is exposed to the outside so that the heating element 3 is held by the heater holder 11, and the heater holder 11 is held by the stay 1. .
【0072】加熱体3は通電発熱体3bの両端給電電極
3c・3d間に交流電源20より電圧が印加され、該通
電発熱体3bが発熱することで昇温する。A voltage is applied to the heating element 3 from the AC power source 20 between the power supply electrodes 3c and 3d at both ends of the energization heating element 3b, and the energization heating element 3b generates heat to raise the temperature.
【0073】加熱体3の温度は基板背面の温度検出素子
3fで検出されてその検出情報が通電制御回路15へフ
ィードバックされて交流電源20から通電発熱体3bへ
の通電が制御されることで定着実行時に温度検出素子3
fで検出される加熱体3の温度が所定の温度(定着温
度)になるように温調制御される。The temperature of the heating element 3 is detected by the temperature detecting element 3f on the back surface of the substrate, the detected information is fed back to the energization control circuit 15, and the energization from the AC power source 20 to the energization heating element 3b is controlled to fix the fixing. Temperature detection element 3 during execution
Temperature control is performed so that the temperature of the heating element 3 detected at f reaches a predetermined temperature (fixing temperature).
【0074】加熱体3の温調制御は通電発熱体3bに対
する印加電圧または電流をコントロールするか、通電時
間をコントロールする方法が採られている。通電時間を
コントロールする方法には、電源波形の半波ごとに、通
電する、通電しない、を制御するゼロクロス波数制御、
電源波形の半波ごとに通電する位相角を制御する位相制
御がある。The temperature control of the heating element 3 employs a method of controlling the applied voltage or current to the energization heating element 3b or the energization time. The method to control the energization time is to control the energization or non-energization for each half-wave of the power supply waveform.
There is a phase control that controls the phase angle of energization for each half-wave of the power supply waveform.
【0075】即ち、温度検出素子3fの出力をA/D交
換しCPUに取り込み、その情報をもとにトライアック
により通電発熱体3bに通電するAC電圧を位相制御あ
るいは波数制御等のパルス幅変調をかけ温度検出素子3
fによる加熱体3の検知温度が一定となるように通電発
熱体3bへの通電を制御している。That is, the output of the temperature detecting element 3f is A / D exchanged and fetched in the CPU, and based on the information, the AC voltage applied to the energization heating element 3b is subjected to pulse width modulation such as phase control or wave number control by a triac. Applied temperature detection element 3
The energization of the energization heating element 3b is controlled so that the temperature detected by the heating element 3 by f is constant.
【0076】温度ヒューズ10は前述図13の感温ペレ
ットタイプ、図14の合金タイプの何れでもよい。また
その他のタイプのものでもよい。温度ヒューズ10は通
電発熱体3bに対する通電路に直列に接続してあり、通
電発熱体3bの通電制御が不能の事態を生じて加熱体3
が異常昇温(加熱体の暴走)すると、次に説明するよう
にスペーサ部材13の軟化・溶融で温度ヒューズ10が
加熱体3に接触した状態になることで温度ヒューズ10
が作動して加熱体3の通電発熱体3bへの通電が緊急遮
断される。The thermal fuse 10 may be either the temperature sensitive pellet type shown in FIG. 13 or the alloy type shown in FIG. Other types may also be used. The thermal fuse 10 is connected in series to the energization path for the energization heating element 3b, and the energization control of the energization heating element 3b occurs in a situation in which the heating element 3 cannot be controlled.
When the temperature rises abnormally (runaway of the heating element), the thermal fuse 10 comes into contact with the heating element 3 due to the softening / melting of the spacer member 13 as described below.
Is activated, and the energization of the energization heat generating element 3b of the heating element 3 is urgently cut off.
【0077】(2)温度ヒューズ10 a)配設構成 図3・図4は加熱体の温度ヒューズ配設部分の拡大横断
面模型図と拡大縦断面模型図である。(2) Thermal fuse 10 a) Arrangement configuration FIGS. 3 and 4 are an enlarged horizontal sectional model view and an enlarged vertical sectional model view of the portion where the thermal fuse of the heating element is disposed.
【0078】温度ヒューズ10は加熱体背面(セラミッ
ク基板3aの裏面)の幅方向中央部に、温度ヒューズ1
0の先端側左右部と後端側左右部とに予め付着具備させ
たスペーサ部材としての都合4つの下向きのスペーサ凸
部13を介して所定に離間dさせて非接触配設してあ
る。本例ではその離間間隔dを0.5mmにしてある。The thermal fuse 10 is provided on the rear surface of the heating body (rear surface of the ceramic substrate 3a) at the center in the width direction.
0 are arranged in a non-contact manner at a predetermined distance d via four downward facing spacer protrusions 13 as spacer members which are attached and attached to the left and right side of the front end side and the left and right side of the rear end side. In this example, the spacing d is 0.5 mm.
【0079】ヒータホルダ11の温度ヒューズ対応部分
には幅を温度ヒューズ10の幅にほぼ対応させた温度ヒ
ューズ落とし込み透孔11bを予め形成してあり、加熱
体3をヒータホルダ11の溝部11aに嵌着して保持さ
せた後、ヒータホルダ11の上記透孔11b内に温度ヒ
ューズ10をスペーサ凸部13側を下向きにして落とし
込みスペーサ凸部13を加熱体背面に当接させる。この
温度ヒューズ落とし込み透孔11bにより、温度ヒュー
ズ10は加熱体背面の幅方向中央部に必ず位置するよう
になる。In the portion corresponding to the temperature fuse of the heater holder 11, a temperature fuse drop through hole 11b having a width substantially corresponding to the width of the temperature fuse 10 is formed in advance, and the heating element 3 is fitted in the groove portion 11a of the heater holder 11. After that, the temperature fuse 10 is dropped into the through hole 11b of the heater holder 11 with the spacer protrusion 13 side facing downward, and the spacer protrusion 13 is brought into contact with the rear surface of the heating element. The thermal fuse drop-through hole 11b ensures that the thermal fuse 10 is located at the center of the rear surface of the heating element in the width direction.
【0080】透孔11bに温度ヒューズ10を落とし込
んだ後、該温度ヒューズ10の第1リード線32及び第
2リード線34をそれぞれ加熱体3のセラミック基板裏
面に予め形成してある不図示の通電路パターンにロー付
け等で電気的に接続する。After the thermal fuse 10 is dropped into the through hole 11b, the first lead wire 32 and the second lead wire 34 of the thermal fuse 10 are respectively formed on the back surface of the ceramic substrate of the heating element 3 through unillustrated through holes. Electrically connect to the circuit pattern by brazing.
【0081】また、ステー1のヒータホルダ嵌着溝部1
aの温度ヒューズ対応位置にはバネ受け穴1bを設けて
あり、上記のように加熱体3と温度ヒューズ10とを組
み付けたヒータホールダ11をステー1のヒータホール
ダ嵌着溝部1aに嵌着する際にステー1側の上記バネ受
け穴1bに加圧バネ(コイルバネ)12の一端側を差し
込み、該加圧バネ12を温度ヒューズ10とバネ受け穴
1bとの間に押し縮めながらヒータホールダ11をステ
ー1のヒータホールダ嵌着溝部1aに嵌着保持させる。Further, the heater holder fitting groove portion 1 of the stay 1
A spring receiving hole 1b is provided at a position corresponding to the temperature fuse of a. When the heater holder 11 in which the heating element 3 and the temperature fuse 10 are assembled as described above is fitted into the heater holder fitting groove portion 1a of the stay 1. Insert one end side of a pressure spring (coil spring) 12 into the spring receiving hole 1b on the stay 1 side, and press the pressure spring 12 between the temperature fuse 10 and the spring receiving hole 1b to hold the heater holder 11 in place. The first heater holder fitting groove portion 1a is fitted and held.
【0082】これにより、ステー1とヒータホルダ11
の組み付け状態において、スペーサ部材13を介して加
熱体3の背面に離間させて非接触配設した温度ヒューズ
10は加圧バネ12により加熱体方向に常時押圧付勢さ
れる。As a result, the stay 1 and the heater holder 11 are
In the assembled state, the thermal fuse 10, which is spaced apart from the rear surface of the heating element 3 via the spacer member 13 in a non-contact manner, is constantly urged by the pressure spring 12 toward the heating element.
【0083】温度ヒューズ10は加熱体背面の幅方向中
央部、即ち加熱体3の定着フィルム密着面側とは反対面
側において被加熱材進行方向に沿う温度分布の温度の最
も高い部分位置に対応させている。The thermal fuse 10 corresponds to the position of the highest temperature in the temperature distribution along the advancing direction of the material to be heated on the central portion in the width direction of the rear surface of the heating element, that is, on the surface of the heating element 3 opposite to the fixing film contact surface side. I am letting you.
【0084】図6に加熱体3の通電発熱体3bに通電し
たときの加熱体の幅方向(被加熱材進行方向)に沿う温
度分布を示す。この温度分布図は加熱体背面の幅方向中
央部であるTmの位置に備えたサーミスタにより加熱体
を180°Cに温度制御させたときのもので、横軸が加
熱体幅方向の位置であり、縦軸がその位置での温度であ
る。図からわかるように加熱体3の幅方向の中央部と端
部では、温度差が50℃以上あり、加熱体3の基板3a
の大きさや、通電発熱体3bの幅や基板3aに対する位
置により、さらに温度差が大きくなることもある。本発
明者の実験により、加熱体背面側においては、通電発熱
体3bの幅方向の略中央に対応する位置が最も温度が高
いことがわかっている。そこで本実施例では温度ヒュー
ズ10を加熱体背面の最も温度が高い幅方向略中央部に
配設している。FIG. 6 shows the temperature distribution along the width direction of the heating element (the direction in which the material to be heated advances) when the energization heating element 3b of the heating element 3 is energized. This temperature distribution diagram is the one when the temperature of the heating body is controlled to 180 ° C by the thermistor provided at the position Tm which is the widthwise central portion of the back surface of the heating body, and the horizontal axis is the position in the heating body width direction. The vertical axis is the temperature at that position. As can be seen from the figure, there is a temperature difference of 50 ° C. or more between the central portion and the end portion of the heating element 3 in the width direction.
The temperature difference may be further increased depending on the size, the width of the electric heating element 3b, and the position with respect to the substrate 3a. From the experiment by the present inventor, it is known that the temperature is highest at the position corresponding to the approximate center of the energization heating element 3b in the width direction on the back side of the heating element. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the thermal fuse 10 is arranged on the rear surface of the heating element at a substantially central portion in the width direction where the temperature is highest.
【0085】スペーサ部材13はその少なくとも一部
を、軟化点T1が温度ヒューズ10の作動温度T2より
大であり、かつ加熱体3の異常昇温時に温度ヒューズ1
0の作動前に軟化してスペーサ部材13のスペーサ機能
を消失させて温度ヒューズ10の加熱体3に対する接触
を許容させる軟化部材で構成する。即ち、スペーサ部材
13は加熱体3の通常の温調温度状態時の温度では軟化
せず、加熱体3の許容以上の過昇温状態時には軟化する
ものを選ぶ。At least a part of the spacer member 13 has a softening point T1 higher than the operating temperature T2 of the thermal fuse 10 and the thermal fuse 1 when the heating element 3 is abnormally heated.
Before the operation of 0, the softening member is softened to lose the spacer function of the spacer member 13 and permit the contact of the thermal fuse 10 with the heating body 3. That is, the spacer member 13 is selected so that it does not soften at the temperature of the heating body 3 in the normal temperature control temperature state, but softens when the heating body 3 is in an excessive temperature rise state that is higher than the allowable temperature.
【0086】具体的には、通紙中の加熱体3の温度は、
小サイズ紙を通紙し、被記録材Pに熱を奪われない非通
紙部に昇温が起こった場合でも加熱装置の熱による劣化
を防ぐ為、温調温度やスループットを制御することによ
り、最悪時でもおよそ210℃程度となるようにコント
ロールされている。従って、スペーサ部材13はそれよ
り高い温度になった場合に軟化する樹脂を選べば良い。Specifically, the temperature of the heating element 3 during the passage of paper is
In order to prevent deterioration due to the heat of the heating device even when a small size paper is passed and the temperature of the non-sheet passing portion where the heat is not taken by the recording material P is raised, the temperature control temperature and the throughput are controlled. The temperature is controlled to be about 210 ° C at worst. Therefore, the spacer member 13 may be selected from a resin that softens when the temperature becomes higher than that.
【0087】例えば、ポリアミドイミド(軟化温度27
4℃)、ガラス繊維入りポリエーテルサルホン(軟化温
度216℃)、ガラス繊維入りポリエチレンテレフタレ
ート(軟化温度235℃)、ガラス繊維入りポリアミド
(軟化温度228℃)等の軟化温度が210℃を越えた
樹脂がスペーサ部材13として使用できる。軟化温度は
JISK2531環球法による。For example, polyamide-imide (softening temperature 27
4 ° C.), glass fiber-containing polyether sulfone (softening temperature 216 ° C.), glass fiber-containing polyethylene terephthalate (softening temperature 235 ° C.), glass fiber-containing polyamide (softening temperature 228 ° C.), etc. Resin can be used as the spacer member 13. The softening temperature is according to JIS K2531 ring and ball method.
【0088】本実施例ではスペーサ部材としての4つの
スペーサ凸部13の全てを上記の軟化部材にしてある。In this embodiment, all of the four spacer protrusions 13 serving as spacer members are the above-mentioned softening members.
【0089】b)平常時 平常時、即ち加熱体3が通常の温調温度で加熱制御され
ている限りにおいては、温度ヒューズ10のスペーサ部
材13は軟化せず、従って温度ヒューズ10は、図3・
図4のように、加熱体背面の幅方向中央部においてスペ
ーサ部材13を介して所定の離間間隔d(0.5mm)
を存して非接触配設されている状態に保持される。B) Normal period In a normal state, that is, as long as the heating element 3 is heated and controlled at a normal temperature control temperature, the spacer member 13 of the thermal fuse 10 does not soften, and therefore the thermal fuse 10 has the structure shown in FIG.・
As shown in FIG. 4, a predetermined spacing d (0.5 mm) is provided in the widthwise central portion of the back surface of the heating element via the spacer member 13.
Existing in a non-contact manner.
【0090】このように平常時は、温度ヒューズ10は
加熱体背面から離間した非接触状態に保持されるので、
加熱体3の急加熱・急冷却というヒートサイクルが頻繁
に繰り返されても、接触配設の場合よりもその加熱体ヒ
ートサイクルの熱影響(ヒートショック)が大幅に緩和
され、従って温度ヒューズ10の封口樹脂41の大きな
熱膨張・収縮の繰り返しによるひび割れ・気密破れが防
止され、温度ヒューズ10の所定の性能を劣化せずに長
期にわたって保持させることができる。As described above, during normal operation, the thermal fuse 10 is held in a non-contact state separated from the rear surface of the heating body,
Even if the heat cycle of rapid heating and rapid cooling of the heating element 3 is frequently repeated, the thermal effect (heat shock) of the heating element heat cycle is greatly reduced as compared with the case of contact arrangement, and therefore the thermal fuse 10 The sealing resin 41 is prevented from cracking and airtightness due to repeated large thermal expansion and contraction, and the predetermined performance of the thermal fuse 10 can be maintained for a long time without deterioration.
【0091】また平常時は、温度ヒューズ10は加熱体
背面から離間した非接触状態に保持されることで、接触
配設の場合のような加熱体3の温度ヒューズ接触部の温
度ヒューズによる奪熱に起因する局部的な温度低下がな
くなり、加熱体の長手に沿う温度分布を均一化できて通
電発熱体3bのパターンを簡略化することが可能とな
る。Further, under normal conditions, the thermal fuse 10 is held in a non-contact state separated from the back surface of the heating body, so that the thermal fuse of the thermal fuse contact portion of the heating body 3 absorbs heat as in the case of contact arrangement. There is no local temperature drop due to, the temperature distribution along the length of the heating element can be made uniform, and the pattern of the electric heating element 3b can be simplified.
【0092】c)加熱体異常昇温時 加熱体3の通電発熱体3bに対する通電に制御不能の事
態を生じて加熱体3が異常昇温したときは、その昇温が
スペーサ部材13の軟化温度T1に達すると、該スペー
サ部材13が軟化・溶融して温度ヒューズ10を支えら
れなくなり、温度ヒューズ10は加圧バネ12の押圧力
で図5のように加熱体背面に接触した状態に自動的に変
化する。図5において13′は軟化・溶融したスペーサ
部材である。C) Abnormal temperature rise of heating element When the heating element 3 has an abnormal temperature rise due to an uncontrollable condition of energization of the heating element 3 to the energization heating element 3b, the temperature rise is the softening temperature of the spacer member 13. When T1 is reached, the spacer member 13 is softened and melted so that the thermal fuse 10 cannot be supported, and the thermal fuse 10 is automatically brought into contact with the back surface of the heating element as shown in FIG. Changes to. In FIG. 5, 13 'is a softened / melted spacer member.
【0093】温度ヒューズ10は加熱体背面に接触する
ことで、異常昇温の加熱体3により直に加熱されて作動
して通電発熱体3bへの通電を緊急遮断する。本実施例
ではスペーサ部材13の軟化温度T1は温度ヒューズ1
0の作動温度T2よりも大としている。従ってスペーサ
部材13が軟化・溶融して温度ヒューズ10が異常昇温
の加熱体3の背面に接触すると、実質的にタイムラグな
くすぐに温度ヒューズ10が作動するに至り、加熱体3
に発煙・発火を生じる前に通電発熱体3bへの通電が緊
急遮断される。即ち、加熱体異常昇温時の温度ヒューズ
10の応答性に全く問題はない。When the thermal fuse 10 comes into contact with the back surface of the heating element, the thermal fuse 10 is directly heated by the heating element 3 having an abnormal temperature rise and operates to urgently cut off energization to the energization heating element 3b. In this embodiment, the softening temperature T1 of the spacer member 13 is the thermal fuse 1
It is set higher than the operating temperature T2 of 0. Therefore, when the spacer member 13 is softened and melted and the thermal fuse 10 comes into contact with the back surface of the heating body 3 having an abnormal temperature rise, the thermal fuse 10 is immediately activated with substantially no time lag, and the heating body 3 is heated.
The electric power to the electric heating element 3b is urgently cut off before smoke or ignition occurs. That is, there is no problem in the responsiveness of the thermal fuse 10 at the time of abnormal heating of the heating element.
【0094】また、加熱体3と温度ヒューズ10との離
間間隔dはスペーサ部材13で所定にバラツキ少なく規
定できるし、その離間間隔精度も、本発明においては、
加熱体異常昇温時に温度ヒューズ10を加熱体3から離
間させたまま作動させるのではなく、加熱体に接触状態
に変化させて作動させるから、厳密性は必要としないも
ので、低コスト化を図ることができる。Further, the spacing d between the heating element 3 and the thermal fuse 10 can be regulated by the spacer member 13 with a predetermined variation, and the precision of the spacing is also defined in the present invention.
When the temperature of the heating element is abnormally increased, the temperature fuse 10 is not operated while being separated from the heating element 3, but is operated by changing the contact state with the heating element. Therefore, strictness is not required and cost reduction is achieved. Can be planned.
【0095】本実施例では、スペーサ部材13として、
軟化温度235℃のガラス繊維入りポリエチレンテレフ
タレート部材を用い、温度ヒューズ10を加熱体背面か
ら0.5mm離間させて配設した。この場合の温度ヒュ
ーズ10の作動温度と加熱体の過昇温度の関係は図7の
実線グラフAのようになった。この結果、作動温度21
0℃から230℃の温度ヒューズ10を使用でき、もっ
とも作動温度の低い210℃の温度ヒューズでもプリン
ト中に誤って作動することはなかった。In this embodiment, as the spacer member 13,
A glass fiber-containing polyethylene terephthalate member having a softening temperature of 235 ° C. was used, and the temperature fuse 10 was arranged at a distance of 0.5 mm from the back surface of the heating body. The relationship between the operating temperature of the thermal fuse 10 and the overheated temperature of the heating body in this case is as shown by the solid line graph A in FIG. 7. As a result, the operating temperature 21
The thermal fuse 10 of 0 ° C. to 230 ° C. can be used, and the thermal fuse of 210 ° C., which has the lowest operating temperature, did not malfunction during printing.
【0096】このような構成であれば安全性を高める為
に、図8のように、複数の温度ヒューズ10・10を加
熱体長手方向に直列で配置した場合に、温度ヒューズ1
0の位置が小サイズ紙通紙時に非通紙部となったとして
も、プリント中に誤って作動することはなかった。With such a structure, in order to enhance safety, when a plurality of thermal fuses 10 are arranged in series in the longitudinal direction of the heating element as shown in FIG.
Even if the position of 0 became the non-sheet passing portion when the small size sheet was passed, it did not operate erroneously during printing.
【0097】比較実験として、金属のスペーサを用い温
度ヒューズを加熱体から0.5mm離して保持した。作
動温度の異なる温度ヒューズを取り付けて室温20℃か
ら強制的に昇温させて温度ヒューズの作動したときの加
熱体温度を測定した。結果を図7の破線グラフBで示
す。As a comparative experiment, a thermal fuse was held 0.5 mm away from the heating element using a metal spacer. Temperature fuses with different operating temperatures were attached, and the temperature of the heating body when the temperature fuse was activated was measured by forcibly raising the temperature from room temperature of 20 ° C. The result is shown by a broken line graph B in FIG. 7.
【0098】この場合は、210℃の作動温度の温度ヒ
ューズを使用すると、加熱体3の温度は420℃まで上
り発煙が生じた。In this case, when a thermal fuse having an operating temperature of 210 ° C. was used, the temperature of the heating element 3 rose to 420 ° C. and smoke was generated.
【0099】また、200℃の作動温度の温度ヒューズ
を使用すると、加熱体の昇温は380℃まで低下する
が、プリント中に温度ヒューズが誤作動して、プリンタ
を作動できなくしてしまった。When a temperature fuse having an operating temperature of 200 ° C. is used, the temperature rise of the heating element drops to 380 ° C. However, the temperature fuse malfunctions during printing, and the printer cannot be operated.
【0100】〈実施例2〉(図9) 本実施例では上記実施例1の加熱装置において、図9の
ように、ヒータホルダ11の幅方向中央部にホルダ長手
に沿って幅4mmのスリット状の空隙部11cを具備さ
せてある。このスリット状空隙部11aは、加熱体3を
該ヒータホルダ11の下面に長手に沿って設けた溝部1
1aに嵌着保持させとき、その加熱体3の背面の幅方向
中央部が対応位置し、加熱体3の長さにほぼ対応する長
さ寸法を有している。そしてこのヒータホルダ11のス
リット状空隙部11cの長手方向の所定の位置に温度ヒ
ューズ10を落とし込んでスペーサ部材13を介して加
熱体背面に離間させて非接触配設してある。言い換える
と、実施例1の装置においてヒータホルダ11の温度ヒ
ューズ落とし込み透孔11bをヒータホルダ11の長手
に沿って加熱体3の長さにほぼ対応する長さ延長してス
リット状の空隙部11cを具備させたものである。その
他の装置構成は実施例1と同様である。<Embodiment 2> (FIG. 9) In this embodiment, in the heating apparatus of Embodiment 1, as shown in FIG. 9, a slit-like member having a width of 4 mm is formed in the central portion of the heater holder 11 in the width direction along the holder longitudinal direction. A void portion 11c is provided. The slit-shaped void portion 11a has a groove portion 1 in which the heater 3 is provided on the lower surface of the heater holder 11 along the longitudinal direction.
When it is fitted and held in 1a, the central portion in the width direction of the back surface of the heating body 3 is located at a corresponding position, and has a length dimension substantially corresponding to the length of the heating body 3. Then, the temperature fuse 10 is dropped at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction of the slit-shaped void portion 11c of the heater holder 11 and separated from the rear surface of the heating body via the spacer member 13 so as to be arranged in a non-contact manner. In other words, in the apparatus of the first embodiment, the temperature fuse drop through hole 11b of the heater holder 11 is extended along the length of the heater holder 11 by a length substantially corresponding to the length of the heating body 3 so that the slit-like void portion 11c is provided. It is a thing. The other device configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
【0101】ヒータホルダ11に上記のように加熱体3
の長さにほぼ対応する長さ寸法のスリット状空隙部11
cを具備させることで、温度ヒューズ10の加熱体3に
対する非接触配設と相まって加熱体3の長手に沿う温度
分布をより均一とすることができる。As described above, the heater holder 3 is attached to the heater holder 11.
Slit-like voids 11 having a length dimension substantially corresponding to the length of
By including c, the temperature distribution along the longitudinal direction of the heating body 3 can be made more uniform by the non-contact arrangement of the thermal fuse 10 with the heating body 3.
【0102】即ち、ヒータホルダ11の上記スリット状
空隙11cの存在と、非接触の温度ヒューズ10によ
り、通電発熱体3bの発熱量を長手方向で一定にしても
加熱体3の長手に沿う温度分布を定着性に影響が出ない
程度に均一とすることができた。That is, the presence of the slit-like void 11c of the heater holder 11 and the non-contact temperature fuse 10 make the temperature distribution along the length of the heating element 3 constant even if the amount of heat generated by the electric heating element 3b is constant in the longitudinal direction. It could be made uniform to the extent that the fixability was not affected.
【0103】これにより、加熱体3の通電発熱体3bの
構成を簡略化し、コストダウンを行うことが可能となっ
た。As a result, the structure of the electric heating element 3b of the heating element 3 can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
【0104】また、本実施例の加熱体ホルダ構成によれ
ば加熱体背面側にスリット状空隙11cがあることで、
加熱体背面からヒータホルダ11への熱の逃げを防ぐこ
とができ、クイックスタート、消費電力の低減も可能と
なった。Further, according to the heating element holder structure of this embodiment, since the slit-shaped void 11c is provided on the rear surface side of the heating element,
It is possible to prevent heat from escaping from the back surface of the heating element to the heater holder 11, and it is possible to perform quick start and reduce power consumption.
【0105】〈実施例3〉(図10・図11) 本実施例は実施例1または実施例2の加熱装置におい
て、温度ヒューズ10をスペーサ部材13を介して非接
触に離間させて配設する加熱体背面の温度ヒューズ対応
面部分に図10のように温度ヒューズ10の下面が入り
込む凹溝部3g(当接部)を形成具備させたものであ
る。<Embodiment 3> (FIGS. 10 and 11) In this embodiment, in the heating device of Embodiment 1 or 2, the thermal fuses 10 are arranged in a non-contact manner with a spacer member 13 interposed therebetween. As shown in FIG. 10, a concave groove portion 3g (contact portion) into which the lower surface of the thermal fuse 10 is inserted is formed on the surface of the rear surface of the heating body corresponding to the thermal fuse.
【0106】上記の凹溝部3gは加熱体背面の幅方向中
央部に位置し、加熱体表面側の通電発熱体3bの幅方向
中央部に対応している。この凹溝部3gは本実施例では
頂点を加熱体表面側の通電発熱体3bの幅方向中央部に
対応させた、横断面が三角形状の溝3bを断面が逆山形
の三角形溝としてある。円弧溝などとすることもでき
る。The recessed groove portion 3g is located in the widthwise central portion of the rear surface of the heating element, and corresponds to the widthwise central portion of the electric heating element 3b on the heating element surface side. In the present embodiment, the concave groove portion 3g is a triangular groove having a triangular cross section and a triangular cross section in which the vertex corresponds to the central portion in the width direction of the electric heating element 3b on the heating body surface side. It can also be an arc groove or the like.
【0107】而して、前述の実施例1の場合と同様に、
加熱体3の通電発熱体3bに対する通電に制御不能の事
態を生じて加熱体3が異常昇温したときは、その昇温が
スペーサ部材13の軟化温度T1に達すると、該スペー
サ部材13が軟化・溶融13′(図11)して温度ヒュ
ーズ10を支えられなくなり、温度ヒューズ10は加圧
バネ12の押圧力で温度ヒューズ下面が図11のように
加熱体背面の上記凹溝部3gに係合して受け止められた
状態で加熱体背面に接触し、異常昇温の加熱体3により
直に加熱されて作動して通電発熱体3bへの通電を緊急
遮断する。Therefore, as in the case of the above-mentioned first embodiment,
When an uncontrollable situation occurs in the energization of the heating element 3 to the energization heating element 3b and the heating element 3 has an abnormal temperature rise, when the temperature rise reaches the softening temperature T1 of the spacer member 13, the spacer member 13 is softened.・ The temperature fuse 10 cannot be supported by melting 13 ′ (FIG. 11), and the lower surface of the temperature fuse 10 is engaged with the concave groove portion 3g on the rear surface of the heating body as shown in FIG. 11 by the pressing force of the pressure spring 12. Then, it contacts the rear surface of the heating element in the state of being received, and is directly heated by the heating element 3 having an abnormal temperature rise to operate to urgently cut off the energization to the energization heating element 3b.
【0108】このように凹溝部3gを具備させたこと
で、過昇温時にスペーサ部材13が軟化し、温度ヒュー
ズ10が加熱体背面に接触したときその下面が該凹溝部
3gに受け止められて加熱体表面側の通電発熱体中央部
に対応する位置から容易にずれることがない。By providing the concave groove portion 3g in this way, the spacer member 13 is softened when the temperature rises excessively, and when the thermal fuse 10 contacts the rear surface of the heating body, the lower surface thereof is received by the concave groove portion 3g and heated. It does not easily deviate from the position corresponding to the central portion of the electric heating element on the body surface side.
【0109】また凹溝部3gに温度ヒューズ10の下面
が入ることにより温度ヒューズ10と加熱体3との接触
面積が増え、更に通電発熱体3bからの距離が近くなる
のでより温度ヒューズ10の応答が早くなるという利点
がある。Further, since the lower surface of the thermal fuse 10 is inserted in the concave groove portion 3g, the contact area between the thermal fuse 10 and the heating element 3 is increased, and the distance from the energization heating element 3b is further shortened, so that the response of the thermal fuse 10 is further improved. It has the advantage of being faster.
【0110】なお、以上の各実施例においては、ステー
1とヒータホルダ11の組み付け状態において、スペー
サ部材13を介して加熱体3の背面に非接触に離間させ
て配設した温度ヒューズ10を加圧バネ12により加熱
体方向に常時押圧付勢させ、加熱体の異常昇温時にスペ
ーサ部材13が軟化したとき該加圧バネ12の付勢力で
温度ヒューズ10を加熱体背面に接触させるようにして
あるが、スペーサ部材13が軟化したとき温度ヒューズ
10を自重で加熱体背面に接触させる構成にさせること
で加圧バネ12を省略した構成にすることもできる。In each of the above-described embodiments, the temperature fuse 10 arranged in the non-contact manner on the rear surface of the heating element 3 via the spacer member 13 is pressed in the assembled state of the stay 1 and the heater holder 11. The spring 12 constantly urges the heating body toward the heating body, and when the spacer member 13 is softened when the heating body is abnormally heated, the thermal fuse 10 is brought into contact with the rear surface of the heating body by the urging force of the pressing spring 12. However, when the spacer member 13 is softened, the thermal fuse 10 may be brought into contact with the back surface of the heating body by its own weight, so that the pressing spring 12 may be omitted.
【0111】スペーサ部材13の構成形態は任意であ
り、またその全部を軟化部材にしなくともよく、少なく
とも一部を、軟化点T1が温度ヒューズ10の作動温度
T2より大であり、かつ加熱体3の異常昇温時に温度ヒ
ューズ10の作動前に軟化してスペーサ部材13のスペ
ーサ機能を消失させて温度ヒューズ10の加熱体3に対
する接触を許容させることができる構成であればよい。The configuration of the spacer member 13 is arbitrary, and it is not necessary to make all of it the softening member. At least a part of the softening point T1 is higher than the operating temperature T2 of the thermal fuse 10 and the heating element 3 is used. It suffices that the temperature fuse 10 is softened before the temperature fuse 10 is actuated at the time of abnormal temperature rise to lose the spacer function of the spacer member 13 to allow the temperature fuse 10 to contact the heating body 3.
【0112】〈実施例4〉(図12) (a)・(b)・(c)はそれぞれフィルム加熱方式の
加熱装置の他の構成形態例を示したものである。<Embodiment 4> (FIG. 12) (a), (b), and (c) show other examples of the configuration of the film heating type heating device.
【0113】(a)のものは、第1のフィルム懸回ロー
ラ51と、第2のフィルム懸回ローラ52と、ヒータホ
ルダ11・ステー1に保持させた加熱体3との互いに並
行の3部材51・52・3間に、エンドレスベルト状の
耐熱性フィルム2を懸回張設し、フィルム2を挟んで加
熱体3に圧接させて加圧ローラ6を配設し、耐熱性フィ
ルム2を第1のフィルム懸回ローラ51、或いは加圧ロ
ーラ6をフィルム駆動ローラとして回転搬送aする構成
のものである。第1のフィルム懸回ローラ51を駆動ロ
ーラとしたときは加圧ローラ6は従動回転する。In the case of (a), the first film suspending roller 51, the second film suspending roller 52, and the heater holder 11 and the heating element 3 held by the stay 1 are arranged in parallel with each other by three members 51. An endless belt-shaped heat-resistant film 2 is stretched between 52 and 3, and the pressure roller 6 is arranged by pressing the heat-resistant film 2 against the heating body 3 with the film 2 interposed therebetween. The film suspension roller 51 or the pressure roller 6 is used as a film driving roller to be rotationally conveyed a. When the first film suspension roller 51 is used as a driving roller, the pressure roller 6 is driven to rotate.
【0114】(b)のものは、ヒータホルダ11・ステ
ー1に保持させた加熱体3と1本のフィルム懸回ローラ
53の2部材3・53間にエンドレスベルト状の耐熱性
フィルム2を懸回張設し、フィルム2を挟んで加圧ロー
ラ6を加熱体3に圧接させて配設し、耐熱性フィルム2
をフィルム懸回ローラ53、或いは加圧ローラ6をフィ
ルム駆動ローラとして回転搬送aする構成のものであ
る。フィルム懸回ローラ53を駆動ローラとしたときは
加圧ローラ6は従動回転する。In the case of (b), the endless belt-shaped heat-resistant film 2 is suspended between the heater holder 11 and the heating member 3 held by the stay 1 and the two members 3 and 53 of the film suspension roller 53. The heat-resistant film 2 is stretched, and the pressure roller 6 is arranged in pressure contact with the heating body 3 with the film 2 interposed therebetween.
Is used as the film suspension roller 53 or the pressure roller 6 as the film driving roller, and is rotationally conveyed a. When the film suspension roller 53 is used as a drive roller, the pressure roller 6 is driven to rotate.
【0115】(c)のものは、耐熱性フィルム2とし
て、エンドレスベルト状のものではなく、ロール巻きに
した長尺の有端フィルムを用い、これを繰り出し軸54
側から加熱体3を経由させて巻き取り軸55側へ掛け渡
し、フィルム2を挟んで加熱体3に加圧ローラ6を圧接
させ、フィルム2を巻き取り軸55側へ走行搬送aする
構成のものである。加圧ローラ6をフィルム駆動ローラ
とすることもできる。In the case of (c), the heat-resistant film 2 is not an endless belt-shaped one, but a long end film wound in a roll is used.
From the side to the winding shaft 55 side via the heating body 3, the pressure roller 6 is brought into pressure contact with the heating body 3 with the film 2 sandwiched therebetween, and the film 2 is transported and conveyed to the winding shaft 55 side. It is a thing. The pressure roller 6 may be a film driving roller.
【0116】上記(a)・(b)・(c)の何れの装置
も、圧接ニップ部Nの耐熱性フィルム2と加圧ローラ6
との間に被加熱材Pを導入して耐熱性フィルム2と一緒
に圧接ニップ部Nを通過させることで加熱体3から耐熱
性フィルム2を介して被加熱材に熱エネルギーを付与す
る。In any of the above devices (a), (b), and (c), the heat resistant film 2 and the pressure roller 6 in the pressure contact nip portion N are used.
The material P to be heated is introduced between the heat-resistant film 2 and the heat-resistant film 2 to pass through the pressure contact nip portion N, so that heat energy is applied from the heating body 3 to the material-to-be-heated via the heat-resistant film 2.
【0117】何れの装置も本発明に従って安全対策用温
度検知素子(温度ヒューズ)10を加熱体3に配設する
ことで、実施例1〜3と同様の効果を得ることができ
る。In any device, the same effect as in Examples 1 to 3 can be obtained by disposing the temperature detecting element (thermal fuse) 10 for safety measures in the heating body 3 according to the present invention.
【0118】〈実施例5〉(図13) 図13は例えば前述した実施例1に示したような本発明
に従うフィルム加熱方式の加熱装置を画像熱定着装置A
として組み込んだ画像形成装置の一例の概略構成を示し
ている。本例の画像形成装置は原稿台往復動型・回転ド
ラム型・転写式・プロセスカートリッジ着脱方式の電子
写真複写装置である。<Fifth Embodiment> (FIG. 13) FIG. 13 shows an image heat fixing device A in which the film heating type heating device according to the present invention as shown in the first embodiment is used.
1 shows a schematic configuration of an example of an image forming apparatus incorporated as. The image forming apparatus of this embodiment is a reciprocating platen type, a rotary drum type, a transfer type, and a process cartridge attaching / detaching type electrophotographic copying apparatus.
【0119】100は装置機筺、101はその装置機筺
の上面板102上に配設したガラス板等の透明板部材よ
りなる往復動型の原稿載置台であり、機筺上面板102
上を図面上右方a、左方a´に夫々所定の速度で往復移
動駆動される。Reference numeral 100 is an apparatus casing, 101 is a reciprocating type document placing table made of a transparent plate member such as a glass plate disposed on an upper surface plate 102 of the apparatus casing, and the apparatus casing upper plate 102
The upper part is driven to reciprocate to the right a and the left a'in the drawing at a predetermined speed.
【0120】Gは原稿であり、複写すべき画像面側を下
向きにして原稿載置台101の上面に所定の載置基準に
従って載置し、その上に原稿圧着板103をかぶせて押
え込むことによりセットされる。Reference numeral G denotes an original document, which is placed on the upper surface of the original document table 101 according to a predetermined placement standard with the image surface side to be copied facing downward, and by pressing the original document pressure plate 103 onto the original document platen plate 103. Set.
【0121】104は機筺上面板102面に原稿載置台
101の往復移動方向とは直角の方向(紙面に垂直の方
向)を長手として開口された原稿照明部としてのスリッ
ト開口部である。Reference numeral 104 denotes a slit opening serving as a document illuminating section which is opened on the surface of the machine top plate 102 with the direction perpendicular to the reciprocating direction of the document placing table 101 (direction perpendicular to the paper surface) as the longitudinal direction.
【0122】原稿載置台101上に載置セットした原稿
Gの下向き画像面は原稿載置台101の右方aへの往動
移動過程で右辺側から左辺側にかけて順次にスリット開
口部104の位置を通過していき、その通過過程でラン
プ105の光Lをスリット開口部104、透明な原稿載
置台101を通して受けて照明走査され、その照明走査
光の原稿面反射光が像素子アレイ106によって感光ド
ラム107面に結像露光される。The downward image surface of the document G placed and set on the document placing table 101 sequentially moves the positions of the slit openings 104 from the right side to the left side in the forward movement process of the document placing table 101 to the right a. The light L of the lamp 105 is passed through the slit opening 104 and the transparent original placing table 101 to be illuminated and scanned in the passing process, and the original surface reflected light of the illumination scanning light is reflected by the image element array 106 by the photosensitive drum. Image formation exposure is performed on the 107th surface.
【0123】感光ドラム107は例えば酸化亜鉛感光層
・有機半導体感光層等の感光層が被覆処理され、中心支
軸108を中心に所定の周速度で矢示bの時計方向に回
転駆動され、その回転過程で帯電器109により正極性
又は負極性の一様な帯電処理を受け、その一様帯電面に
前記の原稿画像の結像露光(スリット露光)を受けるこ
とにより感光ドラム107面には結像露光した原稿画像
に対応した静電潜像が順次に形成されていく。The photosensitive drum 107 is coated with a photosensitive layer such as a zinc oxide photosensitive layer or an organic semiconductor photosensitive layer, and is rotated in the clockwise direction indicated by the arrow b at a predetermined peripheral speed around the central support shaft 108. During the rotation process, the charging device 109 receives a uniform positive or negative charging process, and the uniformly charged surface is subjected to the image formation exposure (slit exposure) of the original image, so that the surface of the photosensitive drum 107 is formed. An electrostatic latent image corresponding to the image-exposed original image is sequentially formed.
【0124】この静電潜像は現像器110により加熱で
軟化溶融する樹脂等より成るトナーにて順次に顕像化さ
れ、該顕像たるトナー画像が転写部としての転写放電器
111の配設部位へ移行していく。This electrostatic latent image is sequentially visualized by the developing device 110 with toner made of resin or the like that is softened and melted by heating, and the toner image as the visualized image is provided with a transfer discharger 111 as a transfer portion. It moves to the part.
【0125】Sは被記録材としての転写材シートPを積
載収納したカセットであり、該カセット内のシートが給
送ローラ112の回転により1枚宛繰出し給送され、次
いでレジストローラ113により、ドラム107上のト
ナー画像形成部の先端が転写放電器111の部位に到達
したとき転写材シートPの先端も転写放電器111と感
光ドラム107との間位置に丁度到達して両者一致する
ようにタイミングどりされて同期給送される。Reference numeral S denotes a cassette in which transfer material sheets P as recording materials are stacked and accommodated. The sheets in the cassette are fed out and fed one by one by the rotation of the feeding roller 112, and then the drum is moved by the registration rollers 113. When the leading edge of the toner image forming portion on 107 reaches the portion of the transfer discharger 111, the leading edge of the transfer material sheet P also arrives at the position between the transfer discharger 111 and the photosensitive drum 107 so that they both coincide with each other. It is returned and is synchronously fed.
【0126】そしてその給送シートの面に対して転写放
電器111により感光ドラム107側のトナー画像が順
次に転写されていく。Then, the transfer discharger 111 sequentially transfers the toner image on the photosensitive drum 107 side to the surface of the fed sheet.
【0127】転写部でトナー画像転写を受けたシートは
不図示の分離手段で感光ドラム107面から順次に分離
されて搬送装置114によって前述の熱定着装置Aに導
かれて担持している未定着トナー画像の加熱定着を受
け、画像形成物(コピー)として排出ローラ116を通
って機外の排紙トレイ117上に排出される。The sheet to which the toner image has been transferred at the transfer portion is sequentially separated from the surface of the photosensitive drum 107 by separation means (not shown), and is guided to the above-mentioned thermal fixing device A by the conveying device 114 and is unfixed thereon. The toner image is heated and fixed, and is discharged as an image-formed product (copy) onto the discharge tray 117 outside the apparatus through the discharge roller 116.
【0128】画像転写後の感光ドラム107の面はクリ
ーニング装置118により転写残りトナー等の付着汚染
物の除去を受けて繰り返して画像形成に使用される。The surface of the photosensitive drum 107 after the image transfer is subjected to removal of adhered contaminants such as transfer residual toner by the cleaning device 118, and is repeatedly used for image formation.
【0129】PCは装置本体100内のカートリッジ着
脱部120に着脱されるプロセスカートリッジであり、
本例の場合は、像担持体としての感光ドラム107、帯
電器109、現像器110、クリーニング装置118の
4つのプロセス機器を包含させて一括して装置本体10
0に対して着脱交換自在としてある。The PC is a process cartridge which is attached / detached to / from the cartridge attaching / detaching portion 120 in the apparatus main body 100.
In the case of the present example, the apparatus main body 10 including the four process devices of the photosensitive drum 107 as an image bearing member, the charging device 109, the developing device 110, and the cleaning device 118 together.
It is detachable and replaceable with respect to 0.
【0130】[0130]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によれば、フィルム
加熱方式の加熱装置について、加熱体の異常昇温時に加
熱体への給電を緊急遮断する安全対策用温度検知素子
(温度ヒューズ)を加熱体に非接触で配置するけれど
も、非接触配置の場合に従来問題であった前述のよう
な、素子の応答遅れの問題、加熱体と安全対策用温度検
知素子との離間配設精度の問題を解消して、安全性、信
頼性を向上させた加熱装置を得ることができ、所期の目
的がよく達成される。As described above, according to the present invention, in the film heating type heating device, a temperature detecting element (temperature fuse) for safety measures for urgently cutting off the power supply to the heating body when the heating body is abnormally heated is provided. Although it is arranged in a non-contact manner with the heating element, the problem of response delay of the element and the problem of accuracy in disposing the heating element and the temperature sensing element for safety measures as described above, which was a problem in the non-contact arrangement. Can be solved, and a heating device with improved safety and reliability can be obtained, and the intended purpose is often achieved.
【図1】実施例1の加熱装置の概略構成を示す横断面図FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a heating device according to a first embodiment.
【図2】加熱体としてのセラミックヒータの途中部省略
・一部切欠き平面模型図と、通電制御系のブロック図FIG. 2 is a plan view of a ceramic heater serving as a heating element, with an intermediate part omitted and a part notched, and a block diagram of an electric control system
【図3】加熱体の温度ヒューズ配設部分の拡大横断面模
型図FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional model view of a portion where a thermal fuse of a heating element is arranged.
【図4】加熱体の温度ヒューズ配設部分の拡大縦断面模
型図FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional model view of a portion where a thermal fuse of a heating element is arranged.
【図5】加熱体の異常昇温時にスペーサ部材が軟化して
温度ヒューズが加熱体背面に接触した状態時の図FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state where the spacer member is softened and the thermal fuse is in contact with the rear surface of the heating body when the temperature of the heating body is abnormally increased.
【図6】加熱体の通電発熱体に通電したときの加熱体の
幅方向(被加熱材進行方向)に沿う温度分布図FIG. 6 is a temperature distribution diagram along the width direction (heated material advancing direction) of the heating element when the heating element is energized.
【図7】温度ヒューズの作動温度と加熱体温度との相関
図FIG. 7 is a correlation diagram between the operating temperature of the thermal fuse and the heating body temperature.
【図8】複数の温度ヒューズを加熱体長手方向に直列で
配置した場合の加熱体の部分的拡大縦断面図FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a heating body when a plurality of thermal fuses are arranged in series in the heating body longitudinal direction.
【図9】実施例2の加熱装置のヒータホルダの斜視図FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a heater holder of the heating device according to the second embodiment.
【図10】実施例3の加熱装置の温度ヒューズ配設部分
の拡大横断面模型図FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional model view of a portion where a thermal fuse of a heating device of Example 3 is provided.
【図11】加熱体の異常昇温時にスペーサ部材が軟化し
て温度ヒューズが加熱体背面に接触した状態時の図FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a state where the spacer member is softened and the thermal fuse is in contact with the back surface of the heating body when the heating body is abnormally heated.
【図12】(a)・(b)・(c)はそれぞれフィルム
加熱方式加熱装置の各種構成形態例の略図12 (a), (b), and (c) are schematic views of various configuration examples of a film heating type heating device, respectively.
【図13】画像形成装置例の概略図FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an example of an image forming apparatus.
【図14】フィルム加熱方式の加熱装置の要部の概略模
型図FIG. 14 is a schematic model diagram of a main part of a film heating type heating device.
【図15】(A)・(B)はそれぞれ感温ペレットタイ
プの温度ヒューズの平常時と作動時の内部状態を示した
縦断面図15 (A) and (B) are vertical cross-sectional views showing the internal state of a temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse in normal operation and during operation, respectively.
【図16】(A)・(B)はそれぞれ合金タイプの温度
ヒューズの平常時と作動時の内部状態を示した縦断面図16 (A) and 16 (B) are vertical cross-sectional views showing the internal state of an alloy type thermal fuse during normal operation and during operation, respectively.
1 ステー 2 耐熱性フィルム(定着フィルム) 3 加熱体(セラミックヒータ) 6 加圧ローラ 10 安全対策用温度検知素子(温度ヒューズ) 11 加熱体支持部材(ヒータホルダ) 12 加圧バネ 13 スペーサ部材 N 圧接ニップ部(定着ニップ部) P 被加熱材(被記録材) 1 Stay 2 Heat Resistant Film (Fixing Film) 3 Heater (Ceramic Heater) 6 Pressure Roller 10 Temperature Detection Element for Safety Measures (Temperature Fuse) 11 Heater Support Member (Heater Holder) 12 Pressure Spring 13 Spacer Member N Pressure Nip Part (fixing nip part) P Heated material (recording material)
Claims (6)
ルムを接触摺動させ該フィルムの加熱体側とは反対側の
面に被加熱材を密着させて該フィルムと共に加熱***置
を通過させて加熱体から該フィルムを介して被加熱材に
熱エネルギーを付与する加熱装置において、 加熱体の異常昇温時に加熱体の熱で作動して加熱体への
給電を緊急遮断する安全対策用温度検知素子を加熱体に
対してスペーサ部材を介して離間させて非接触配設し、 上記スペーサ部材の少なくとも一部を、軟化点が安全対
策用温度検知素子の作動温度より大であり、かつ加熱体
の異常昇温時に安全対策用温度検知素子の作動前に軟化
してスペーサ部材のスペーサ機能を消失させて安全対策
用温度検知素子の加熱体に対する接触を許容させる軟化
部材で構成したことを特徴とする加熱装置。1. A heat-resistant film is brought into contact with and slides on a heating body that generates heat when energized, and a material to be heated is brought into close contact with the surface of the film opposite to the heating body side and the film is passed through the heating body position together with the film for heating In a heating device that applies heat energy to a material to be heated from the body through the film, a temperature detection element for safety measures that is activated by the heat of the heating body when the temperature of the heating body is abnormally high and that interrupts power supply to the heating body Are spaced apart from the heating body via a spacer member in a non-contact manner, and the softening point of at least a part of the spacer member is higher than the operating temperature of the temperature detecting element for safety measures, and It is composed of a softening member that softens before operating the temperature sensor for safety measures during abnormal temperature rise and loses the spacer function of the spacer member to allow the temperature sensor for safety measures to contact the heating element. That the heating device.
て非接触配設した安全対策用温度検知素子を加熱体方向
に常時押圧付勢する部材を具備させたことを特徴とする
請求項1に記載の加熱装置。2. A member for constantly urging a temperature detecting element for safety measures, which is arranged in a non-contact manner with being separated from a heating body via a spacer member, in a direction toward the heating body. The heating device according to.
性フィルム密着面側とは反対面側において被加熱材進行
方向に沿う温度分布の温度の最も高い部分位置にスペー
サ部材を介して離間させて非接触配設したことを特徴と
する請求項1または請求項2に記載の加熱装置。3. A temperature detecting element for safety measures is separated by a spacer member at a position where the temperature distribution has the highest temperature along the advancing direction of the material to be heated on the side opposite to the heat resistant film contact surface side of the heating element. The heating device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating device is arranged in a non-contact manner.
対面側に近接する加熱体支持部材部分に空隙を設けたこ
とを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3の何れかに記載の
加熱装置。4. The heater according to claim 1, wherein a gap is provided in a portion of the heating member supporting member which is adjacent to a surface of the heating member opposite to the heat resistant film contact surface side. Heating device.
の長手方向に配列して備えたことを特徴とする請求項1
乃至請求項4の何れかに記載の加熱装置。5. A plurality of temperature detecting elements for safety measures are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the heating element and provided.
The heating device according to claim 4.
性フィルム密着面側とは反対面側に形成された当接部に
近接して備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項5
の何れかに記載の加熱装置。6. The temperature detecting element for safety measures is provided in the vicinity of an abutting portion formed on the side of the heating element opposite to the heat-resistant film contacting side. 5
The heating device according to any one of 1.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7131014A JPH08305191A (en) | 1995-05-01 | 1995-05-01 | Heating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7131014A JPH08305191A (en) | 1995-05-01 | 1995-05-01 | Heating device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH08305191A true JPH08305191A (en) | 1996-11-22 |
Family
ID=15047977
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP7131014A Pending JPH08305191A (en) | 1995-05-01 | 1995-05-01 | Heating device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH08305191A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5787319A (en) * | 1996-04-11 | 1998-07-28 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fixing unit for use in image forming apparatus |
WO2007013659A1 (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2007-02-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image heating device |
JP2020024366A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-02-13 | 株式会社リコー | Fixing device and image forming apparatus |
-
1995
- 1995-05-01 JP JP7131014A patent/JPH08305191A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5787319A (en) * | 1996-04-11 | 1998-07-28 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fixing unit for use in image forming apparatus |
WO2007013659A1 (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2007-02-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image heating device |
US7269365B2 (en) | 2005-07-26 | 2007-09-11 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image heating apparatus |
JP2020024366A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-02-13 | 株式会社リコー | Fixing device and image forming apparatus |
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