JPH08279364A - Solid electrolyte fuel cell - Google Patents
Solid electrolyte fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08279364A JPH08279364A JP7242697A JP24269795A JPH08279364A JP H08279364 A JPH08279364 A JP H08279364A JP 7242697 A JP7242697 A JP 7242697A JP 24269795 A JP24269795 A JP 24269795A JP H08279364 A JPH08279364 A JP H08279364A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- reaction
- cell
- separator
- gas
- unit cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は固体電解質型燃料電池
のセル構成に係り、特に単セルの信頼性に優れるセパレ
ータの構成に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cell structure of a solid oxide fuel cell, and more particularly to a structure of a separator having excellent single cell reliability.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ジルコニア等の酸化物固体電解質を用い
る燃料電池は、その作動温度が８００〜１１００℃と高
温であるため、発電効率が高い上に触媒が不要であり、
また電解質が固体であるため取扱い容易であるなどの特
徴を有し、第三世代の燃料電池として期待されている。2. Description of the Related Art A fuel cell using an oxide solid electrolyte such as zirconia has a high operating temperature of 800 to 1100 ° C., and therefore has high power generation efficiency and does not require a catalyst.
In addition, since the electrolyte is solid, it is easy to handle and is expected as a third generation fuel cell.
【０００３】しかしながら、固体電解質型燃料電池は、
セラミックスが主要な構成材料であるために熱的に破損
しやすく、さらに高温でのガスシールの困難性から反応
ガスのクロスリークの問題があり実用化が困難であっ
た。そのため燃料電池として特殊な形状である円筒型の
ものが考え出され、上記二つの問題を解決し、電池の運
転試験に成功しているが、電池単位体積あたりの発電密
度が低く経済的に有利なものが得られる見通しはまだな
い。発電密度を高めるためには平板型にすることが必要
である。However, the solid oxide fuel cell is
Since ceramics is the main constituent material, it is easily damaged by heat, and due to the difficulty of gas sealing at high temperatures, there was the problem of cross leak of reaction gas, making practical application difficult. As a result, a cylindrical fuel cell with a special shape has been devised, and the above two problems have been solved and the operation test of the cell has succeeded, but the power generation density per unit volume of the cell is low and it is economically advantageous. There is no prospect of getting such a thing. A flat plate type is necessary to increase the power generation density.
【０００４】図６は従来の平板型固体電解質型燃料電池
を示す分解斜視図である。図７は従来の平板型固体電解
質型燃料電池を示す図８のＹ−Ｙ切断面図である。図８
は従来の平板型固体電解質型燃料電池を示す図７のＸ−
Ｘ切断面図である。FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing a conventional flat plate solid oxide fuel cell. FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line YY of FIG. 8 showing a conventional flat plate solid oxide fuel cell. FIG.
Shows a conventional flat plate solid oxide fuel cell, X- in FIG.
It is an X sectional view.
【０００５】セパレータの中央部は燃料ガスと酸化剤ガ
ス用にガス導入孔４，ガス導入孔５が貫通するマニホル
ド部である。セパレータのマニホルド部は凸部を形成す
る。前記凸部にはガスシール部６Ａ用にシール溝が形成
される。セパレータのマニホルド部を囲む反応部にはそ
の両主面にそれぞれ案内羽１９Ａ，１９Ｂが形成され
る。セパレータのマニホルド部にはまたガス導入孔４，
５に繋がるガス通流孔１０Ａ，１０Ｂが穿設され、燃料
ガスと酸化剤ガスをそれぞれ案内羽１９Ｂと案内羽１９
Ａに導く。The central portion of the separator is a manifold portion through which the gas introduction hole 4 and the gas introduction hole 5 penetrate for the fuel gas and the oxidant gas. The manifold portion of the separator forms a convex portion. A seal groove is formed on the convex portion for the gas seal portion 6A. Guide wings 19A and 19B are formed on both main surfaces of the reaction portion surrounding the manifold portion of the separator, respectively. In the manifold part of the separator, there are also gas introduction holes 4,
5, gas passage holes 10A and 10B are formed to connect the fuel gas and the oxidant gas to the guide vanes 19B and 19 respectively.
Lead to A.
【０００６】電気絶縁板２１はアルミナ等のセラミック
ス製緻密質円板でセパレータのマニホルド部に形成され
たガス導入孔４，５に符合する貫通孔を持っている。単
セル１２は内孔を有する環状平板で、アノード１と固体
電解質体３とカソード２からなり、同一形状の多孔質基
体７上に積層されて単セル集合体３３となる。The electric insulating plate 21 is a dense disc made of ceramics such as alumina and has through holes corresponding to the gas introduction holes 4 and 5 formed in the manifold portion of the separator. The unit cell 12 is an annular flat plate having an inner hole and is composed of an anode 1, a solid electrolyte body 3 and a cathode 2, and is laminated on a porous substrate 7 having the same shape to form a unit cell assembly 33.
【０００７】セパレータ１１はマニホルド部において電
気絶縁板２１を介して交互に積層される。セパレータ１
１は反応部において単セル集合体３３を挟持する。ガス
シール部６Ａはガス導入孔４，５からの反応ガスのリー
クを防ぐ。ガスシール部６Ｂはセパレータ反応部と単セ
ル１２の内周縁部間に形成されて隣接するセパレータ反
応部相互間におけるガスリークを防ぐ。The separators 11 are alternately laminated in the manifold portion with the electric insulating plates 21 interposed therebetween. Separator 1
No. 1 holds the single cell assembly 33 in the reaction part. The gas seal portion 6A prevents the reaction gas from leaking from the gas introduction holes 4 and 5. The gas seal portion 6B is formed between the separator reaction portion and the inner peripheral edge portion of the unit cell 12 to prevent gas leakage between adjacent separator reaction portions.
【０００８】このような電池は次のようにして調製され
る。厚さ3 mmの多孔質基体７がニッケル−ジルコニアNi
-ZrO2 サーメットを用いて形成される。アノード１の上
にイットリア安定化ジルコニアをプラズマ溶射し、厚さ
100 μm の緻密質な固体電解質体３が形成される。続い
てランタンストロンチウムマンガンオキサイド La(Sr)M
nO3 をプラズマ溶射し、厚さ50μm の多孔質なカソード
２が形成される。次いで中央部を孔開け加工して円環状
の単セル１２が形成される。多孔質基体７の内外周側面
にガラスを含浸させてガス不透過層２０が形成される。Such a battery is prepared as follows. 3 mm thick porous substrate 7 is nickel-zirconia Ni
-Formed using ZrO 2 cermet. Plasma-sprayed yttria-stabilized zirconia on the anode 1,
A dense solid electrolyte body 3 of 100 μm is formed. Then lanthanum strontium manganese oxide La (Sr) M
Plasma spraying of nO 3 forms a porous cathode 2 having a thickness of 50 μm. Then, the central portion is perforated to form an annular single cell 12. The gas impermeable layer 20 is formed by impregnating the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the porous substrate 7 with glass.
【０００９】一方、厚さ７mmのセパレータ１１が耐熱金
属板の両面に案内羽を加工して形成される。ガス導入孔
４，５と案内羽１９Ａ，１９Ｂを連絡するガス通流孔１
０Ａ，１０Ｂが放電加工により形成される。ガスシール
部６Ａ，６Ｂはガラスとセラミックスの混合体である。
ガスシール部６Ａ，６Ｂは固体電解質型燃料電池の作動
温度である１０００℃でガラス成分が溶融して液状とな
り、液シールが行われる。On the other hand, a separator 11 having a thickness of 7 mm is formed by processing guide vanes on both sides of a heat resistant metal plate. Gas flow hole 1 that connects the gas introduction holes 4 and 5 with the guide vanes 19A and 19B
0A and 10B are formed by electric discharge machining. The gas seal portions 6A and 6B are a mixture of glass and ceramics.
The gas seal portions 6A and 6B perform liquid sealing by melting the glass component into a liquid state at 1000 ° C. which is the operating temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell.
【００１０】酸化剤ガスである酸素ガスが酸化剤ガス導
入孔５によりガス通流孔１０Ｂを経由してセパレータ１
１の反応部の酸化剤ガス室９に導かれる。燃料ガスであ
る水素ガスが燃料ガス導入孔４によりガス通流孔１０Ａ
を経由してセパレータ１１の反応部の燃料ガス室８に導
かれる。酸化剤ガスは同心円状に９０度づつずらして設
けたガス排出口１６により排出される。燃料ガスはガス
流量が少ないため案内羽１９Ｂを９０度づつずらしてガ
ス出口が設けられる。Oxygen gas, which is an oxidant gas, is introduced into the separator 1 through the oxidant gas introduction hole 5 and the gas flow hole 10B.
1 is introduced into the oxidant gas chamber 9 of the reaction section. Hydrogen gas, which is the fuel gas, is passed through the fuel gas introduction hole 4 to the gas passage hole 10A.
Is introduced into the fuel gas chamber 8 in the reaction part of the separator 11. The oxidant gas is discharged through a gas discharge port 16 which is concentrically shifted by 90 degrees. Since the fuel gas has a small gas flow rate, the guide vane 19B is shifted by 90 degrees to provide a gas outlet.
【００１１】反応部より排出された酸化剤ガスと燃料ガ
スは燃焼し、燃料電池の温度を所定の温度に維持する。
また反応ガスの予熱用熱源としても利用される。カソー
ド２に到達した酸素ガスは還元され酸素イオンとなって
固体電解質体３の中を拡散して行く。アノード１の表面
で酸素イオンは酸化されると共に水素ガスと反応して水
蒸気となる。このとき水素ガスと酸素ガスから水蒸気を
生成する反応の自由エネルギ変化が電気エネルギに変換
され、アノード１に負電圧、カソード２に正電圧が発生
する。単セルの１つあたりの電圧は 0.5〜0.9 Ｖで、積
み重ねることにより、所定の電圧を得ることができる。The oxidant gas and the fuel gas discharged from the reaction section burn and maintain the temperature of the fuel cell at a predetermined temperature.
It is also used as a heat source for preheating the reaction gas. The oxygen gas that has reached the cathode 2 is reduced to oxygen ions and diffuses in the solid electrolyte body 3. Oxygen ions are oxidized on the surface of the anode 1 and react with hydrogen gas to form water vapor. At this time, a change in free energy of the reaction of producing water vapor from hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is converted into electric energy, and a negative voltage is generated at the anode 1 and a positive voltage is generated at the cathode 2. The voltage per unit cell is 0.5 to 0.9 V, and a predetermined voltage can be obtained by stacking the cells.
【００１２】このような構成の燃料電池においては，ア
ノード１と固体電解質体３とカソード２の形成された多
孔質基体７とセパレータ１１とは、単に交互に積み重ね
るだけでよい。その結果熱膨張の過程で多孔質基体７と
セパレータ１１とは相互に自由に動き得るので熱応力の
発生がなくなる。燃料ガス導入孔４と酸化剤ガス導入孔
５の周辺に配設されるガスシール部６Ａおよび単セル１
２の内周縁部とセパレータ１１との間に配設されるガス
シール部６Ｂは運転終了後は固化する。このガスシール
部による熱応力は小さいから全体としての熱応力は小さ
い。ガスシール部６Ａ，６Ｂは金属であるセパレータ１
１のシール溝に嵌め込まれたガラス−セラミックス混合
体であるからシール性能の安定性が高い。In the fuel cell having such a structure, the anode 1, the solid electrolyte body 3, the porous substrate 7 on which the cathode 2 is formed, and the separator 11 may be simply stacked alternately. As a result, since the porous substrate 7 and the separator 11 can freely move in the process of thermal expansion, generation of thermal stress is eliminated. Gas seal portion 6A and unit cell 1 disposed around fuel gas introduction hole 4 and oxidant gas introduction hole 5
The gas seal portion 6B disposed between the inner peripheral edge portion of 2 and the separator 11 is solidified after the operation is completed. Since the thermal stress due to the gas seal portion is small, the thermal stress as a whole is small. Gas seal portions 6A and 6B are metal separators 1
Since the glass-ceramic mixture is fitted in the seal groove of No. 1, the stability of the sealing performance is high.
【００１３】単セルの外形は円環状平板であるが、これ
に限定されるものではなく角型，楕円型，多角形のもの
でもよい。又セパレータの案内羽も電池特性が最良にな
るようにガス等配を考慮した設計を自由になし得る。The outer shape of the unit cell is an annular flat plate, but it is not limited to this and may be a square type, an elliptic type or a polygonal type. In addition, the guide vanes of the separator can be freely designed in consideration of gas distribution so that the battery characteristics are optimized.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上述のよ
うな従来の平板型の固体電解質型燃料電池においては多
孔質基体は環状体であり中央に貫通孔を有するために機
械的強度が弱く固体電解質型燃料電池の運転に際して熱
破損し易いという問題があった。またこの多孔質基体の
調製に際して基体が破損し易く製造歩留りが悪いという
問題もあった。さらにセパレータの凸部に単セル集合体
３３が嵌合されるがこの嵌合部において反応ガスのクロ
スリークが起こり易くそのために電池起電力が低下する
という問題があった。However, in the conventional flat plate type solid oxide fuel cell as described above, since the porous substrate is an annular body and has a through hole in the center, the mechanical strength is weak and the solid electrolyte type is used. There is a problem that heat damage is likely to occur during operation of the fuel cell. Further, there is a problem that the base is easily damaged during the preparation of the porous base and the manufacturing yield is low. Further, the single cell aggregate 33 is fitted into the convex portion of the separator, but there is a problem that cross leakage of the reaction gas easily occurs in this fitting portion, which lowers the battery electromotive force.
【００１５】この発明は上述の点に鑑みてなされ、その
目的はセパレータの構造を改良して単セルの破損と反応
ガスのクロスリークを防止することにより特性と信頼性
に優れる固体電解質型燃料電池を提供することにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to improve the structure of a separator to prevent breakage of a single cell and cross leakage of a reaction gas, and thereby a solid oxide fuel cell having excellent characteristics and reliability. To provide.
【００１６】[0016]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の目的はこの発明に
よれば、平板型の燃料電池であって、（１）セパレータ
と、（２）単セルと、（３）電気絶縁板とを有し、セパ
レータは金属板状体であり、厚さ方向に酸化剤ガスと燃
料ガスの反応ガスが通流するマニホルド部と、単セルが
配置され単セルとの間に前記反応ガスが通流する電池反
応部を備えるとともに前記電池反応部はその中心に前記
マニホルド部と連通する反応ガス供給口を備え、単セル
は無孔平板で固体電解質体に配されたアノードとカソー
ドの両電極を備え、電気絶縁板は前記セパレータのマニ
ホルド部に符合する厚さ方向の貫通孔を有し、セパレー
タと電気絶縁板はセパレータの前記マニホルド部を介し
て交互に積層され、単セルは積層されたセパレータの電
池反応部に挟持されるものであるとすることにより達成
される。According to the present invention, there is provided a flat plate type fuel cell, which has (1) a separator, (2) a single cell, and (3) an electric insulating plate. The separator is a metal plate, and the reaction gas flows between the manifold portion where the reaction gas of the oxidant gas and the fuel gas flows in the thickness direction and the single cell is arranged. The battery reaction section with a battery reaction section is provided with a reaction gas supply port that communicates with the manifold section at the center thereof, and the single cell is provided with both anode and cathode electrodes arranged on a solid electrolyte body with a non-perforated flat plate, The electric insulating plate has through holes in the thickness direction corresponding to the manifold portion of the separator, the separator and the electric insulating plate are alternately laminated through the manifold portion of the separator, the single cell is a battery of the laminated separator Sandwiched between reaction parts It is accomplished by that the shall.
【００１７】上述の発明においてセパレータの電池反応
部と単セルの電極の間は導電性多孔質体が介挿されると
すること、または電池反応部の周辺部には反応ガス排出
口を備えるとすることが有効である。マニホルド部とし
ては燃料ガス導入孔，空気導入孔，燃料ガス排出孔，空
気排出孔が含まれる。反応ガス供給口としては燃料ガス
供給口と空気供給口が含まれる。反応ガス排出口として
は燃料ガス排出口と空気排出口が含まれる。燃料ガス導
入孔は燃料ガス供給口と燃料ガス分配流路を介して連通
する。空気導入孔は空気供給口と空気分配流路を介して
連通する。燃料ガス排出孔は燃料ガス排出口と燃料ガス
排出流路を介して連通する。空気排出孔は空気排出口と
空気排出流路を介して連通する。In the above-mentioned invention, a conductive porous body is inserted between the battery reaction part of the separator and the electrode of the single cell, or a reaction gas exhaust port is provided in the peripheral part of the battery reaction part. Is effective. The manifold portion includes a fuel gas introduction hole, an air introduction hole, a fuel gas discharge hole, and an air discharge hole. The reaction gas supply port includes a fuel gas supply port and an air supply port. The reaction gas outlet includes a fuel gas outlet and an air outlet. The fuel gas introduction hole communicates with the fuel gas supply port through the fuel gas distribution passage. The air introduction hole communicates with the air supply port through the air distribution flow path. The fuel gas discharge hole communicates with the fuel gas discharge port via the fuel gas discharge passage. The air discharge hole communicates with the air discharge port through the air discharge flow path.
【００１８】単セルは固体電解質体に電極が配されたも
のと、基体上に固体電解質体と電極が積層されたものを
含む。基体材料としてはアノード材料やカソード材料を
用いることができる。導電性多孔質体としてはアノード
にはニッケルフェルト等が用いられる。カソードには耐
熱性特殊合金繊維，多孔性のランタンマンガナイト板等
が用いられる。The single cell includes one in which an electrode is arranged on a solid electrolyte body and one in which a solid electrolyte body and an electrode are laminated on a substrate. An anode material or a cathode material can be used as the base material. As the conductive porous body, nickel felt or the like is used for the anode. Heat-resistant special alloy fiber, porous lanthanum manganite plate, etc. are used for the cathode.
【００１９】[0019]
【作用】単セルは無孔平板であるからその機械的な強度
は増大する。反応ガスは電池反応部の中心に設けられた
反応ガス供給口より電池反応部の周辺部に向かって流れ
る。反応部に配置された単セルは無孔平板であるから電
池反応部の中心から周辺部に至る間は二つの反応ガスは
相互に分離された状態にある。Since the unit cell is a flat plate having no holes, its mechanical strength is increased. The reaction gas flows from the reaction gas supply port provided at the center of the battery reaction part toward the peripheral part of the battery reaction part. Since the single cell arranged in the reaction section is a non-perforated flat plate, the two reaction gases are in a state of being separated from each other from the center to the periphery of the cell reaction section.
【００２０】導電性多孔質体は均質性とスプリング作用
を有している。電池反応部の周辺部には反応ガス排出口
を備えると、反応ガスはこの反応ガス排出孔から固体電
解質型燃料電池の外に導かれる。The conductive porous body has homogeneity and a spring action. When the reaction gas exhaust port is provided in the peripheral portion of the cell reaction part, the reaction gas is guided to the outside of the solid oxide fuel cell through the reaction gas exhaust hole.
【００２１】[0021]
【実施例】次にこの発明の実施例を図面に基いて説明す
る。 実施例１ 図１はこの発明の実施例に係る固体電解質型燃料電池に
つき単セルのアノードよりみたセパレータの平面図であ
る。Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. Example 1 FIG. 1 is a plan view of a separator of a solid oxide fuel cell according to an example of the present invention viewed from the anode of a single cell.
【００２２】図２はこの発明の実施例に係る固体電解質
型燃料電池につき単セルのカソードよりみたセパレータ
の平面図である。図３はこの発明の実施例に係る固体電
解質型燃料電池を示す断面図である。セパレータ６８は
マニホルド部を一致させて電気絶縁板であるスペーサ６
５を介して積層される。電気絶縁板６５はシール溝６１
に設けられたシール部６１Ａによりシールされる。単セ
ル６６はセパレータ６８の電池反応部の間に挟持され
る。電池反応部は単セル６６に反応ガスを供給する。燃
料ガスの流れる電池反応部はシール溝６０を有して燃料
ガスのリークを防ぐ。FIG. 2 is a plan view of the separator of the solid oxide fuel cell according to the embodiment of the present invention viewed from the cathode of a single cell. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. The separator 68 is a spacer 6 which is an electric insulating plate with the manifold portions aligned with each other.
5 are stacked. The electric insulating plate 65 has a seal groove 61.
It is sealed by a seal portion 61A provided on the. The unit cell 66 is sandwiched between the battery reaction parts of the separator 68. The battery reaction section supplies the reaction gas to the single cell 66. The cell reaction portion through which the fuel gas flows has a seal groove 60 to prevent the fuel gas from leaking.
【００２３】燃料ガスは燃料ガス導入孔５１と燃料ガス
分配流路５６を経由して燃料ガス供給口５４より単セル
６６に供給される。燃料ガスはニッケルフェルト６７を
拡散して放射状に流れ、燃料ガス排出流路５８を経由し
て燃料ガス排出孔５３に至る。ニッケルフェルト６７は
ニッケルフェルト固定部５９の内側に固定配置される。
ニッケルフェルト６７のような導電性多孔質体を用いて
反応ガスの拡散通流と電気的な導通を図る場合にはセパ
レータの溝加工が不要になる。そのためにセパレータ材
料にセラミックスや耐熱合金を使用しても加工上の問題
を生ずることがなく、また耐熱合金を使用した際の耐酸
化性付与のための導電性セラミックスコーティングがセ
パレータから剥離するという問題を生じない。The fuel gas is supplied to the unit cell 66 from the fuel gas supply port 54 via the fuel gas introduction hole 51 and the fuel gas distribution flow path 56. The fuel gas diffuses through the nickel felt 67 and flows radially, and reaches the fuel gas discharge hole 53 via the fuel gas discharge passage 58. The nickel felt 67 is fixedly arranged inside the nickel felt fixing portion 59.
When a conductive porous body such as nickel felt 67 is used to achieve diffusion flow and electrical continuity of the reaction gas, the groove processing of the separator becomes unnecessary. Therefore, even if ceramics or heat-resistant alloy is used as the separator material, there is no problem in processing, and the conductive ceramic coating for imparting oxidation resistance when using the heat-resistant alloy peels off from the separator. Does not occur.
【００２４】空気は空気導入孔５２と空気分配流路５７
を経由して空気供給口６３より単セル６６に供給され
る。空気はリブ６４の溝流路を流れて放射方向にジグザ
グに流れそのまま電池の外に排出される。燃料ガスと空
気は単セル６６の二つの主面を電池反応部の中心にある
反応ガス供給口よりそれぞれ個別に放射状に流れて電池
反応部の周辺部に達する。この間は単セルを介して両反
応ガスは相互に分離されておりクロスリークは起こらな
い。本実施例では燃料ガスは燃料ガス排出孔５３により
回収されるが回収しない場合は燃料ガスは電池反応部の
周辺部において始めて反応ガスの空気と接触することに
なる。As for the air, the air introduction hole 52 and the air distribution flow path 57 are provided.
Is supplied to the unit cell 66 from the air supply port 63 via. The air flows through the groove channels of the ribs 64 in a zigzag pattern in the radial direction and is discharged as it is outside the battery. The fuel gas and the air individually and radially flow through the two main surfaces of the unit cell 66 from the reaction gas supply ports at the center of the cell reaction section and reach the peripheral section of the cell reaction section. During this time, both reaction gases are separated from each other through the single cell, and cross leak does not occur. In this embodiment, the fuel gas is collected by the fuel gas discharge hole 53, but if not collected, the fuel gas comes into contact with the reaction gas air for the first time in the peripheral portion of the cell reaction section.
【００２５】単セル６６は貫通孔のない無孔平板であ
り、機械的な強度が増大して熱応力に対して安定化す
る。穴あけ加工が不要となり製造も容易になる。ニッケ
ルフェルト６７内部における燃料ガスフローの圧損が、
燃料ガス分配流路５６や燃料ガス排出流路５８における
圧損に比し充分大きいときはニッケルフェルト内部にお
けるガス等配が確保される。またリブ６４内部における
空気フローの圧損が空気分配流路５７の圧損に比し充分
大きいときはリブ内部におけるガス等配が確保される。The unit cell 66 is a non-perforated flat plate having no through hole, and has increased mechanical strength and is stabilized against thermal stress. No drilling is required and manufacturing is easy. The pressure loss of the fuel gas flow inside the nickel felt 67 is
When the pressure loss in the fuel gas distribution passage 56 and the fuel gas discharge passage 58 is sufficiently large, the equal distribution of gas inside the nickel felt is secured. Further, when the pressure loss of the air flow inside the rib 64 is sufficiently larger than the pressure loss of the air distribution flow path 57, the equal distribution of the gas inside the rib is secured.
【００２６】空気供給口６３に対向する単セルの部分は
酸素の分圧が高いので単セル温度が上昇するのでこの対
向する部分のみカソードを設けないで温度の上昇を抑止
することができる。 実施例２ 図４はこの発明の異なる実施例に係る固体電解質型燃料
電池につき単セルのアノードよりみたセパレータの平面
図である。この電池はニッケルフェルト固定部を有しな
い点が図１の固体電解質型燃料電池と異なる。実施例３
図５はこの発明のさらに異なる実施例に係る固体電解質
型燃料電池を示すセパレータの平面図である。Since the partial pressure of oxygen is high in the portion of the single cell facing the air supply port 63, the temperature of the single cell rises. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise without providing the cathode only in the facing portion. Example 2 FIG. 4 is a plan view of a separator of a solid oxide fuel cell according to another example of the present invention viewed from the anode of a single cell. This cell differs from the solid oxide fuel cell of FIG. 1 in that it has no nickel felt fixing portion. Example 3
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a separator showing a solid oxide fuel cell according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
【００２７】この固体電解質型燃料電池においては電池
反応部６２の複数個がセパレータに配置される。反応ガ
スの流れ方は実施例１の場合と同様である。この構成を
用いると単一の電池反応部に対するシール部の有効長さ
と数を減少させることができる。さらに単セルの全数が
増大するために固体電解質型燃料電池の出力を増大させ
ることもできる。In this solid oxide fuel cell, a plurality of cell reaction parts 62 are arranged in a separator. The flow of the reaction gas is the same as in the first embodiment. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the effective length and the number of seal portions for a single battery reaction portion. Furthermore, since the total number of single cells increases, the output of the solid oxide fuel cell can be increased.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、マニホルド部と、電
池反応部を備えるとともに前記電池反応部はその中心に
前記マニホルド部と連通する反応ガス供給口を備え且つ
単セルは無孔平板で固体電解質体に配されたアノードと
カソードの両電極を備えるので、単セルの機械的な強度
が増大して割れが防止されるとともに反応ガスは電池反
応部の中心に設けられた反応ガス供給口より反応部の周
辺部に向かって流れ反応ガスのクロスリークが防止され
る。According to the present invention, a manifold portion and a battery reaction portion are provided, and at the center of the battery reaction portion is provided a reaction gas supply port communicating with the manifold portion. Since it has both anode and cathode electrodes arranged in the electrolyte body, the mechanical strength of the single cell is increased to prevent cracking and the reaction gas is supplied from the reaction gas supply port provided in the center of the battery reaction part. Cross leak of the reaction gas is prevented from flowing toward the peripheral portion of the reaction section.
【００２９】セパレータの電池反応部と単セルの電極の
間に導電性多孔質体が介挿されると、導電性多孔質体の
均質性とスプリング作用によりガス等配性が良くなりセ
パレータと単セル間の導通性が高まる。またセパレータ
の溝加工が不要になるために経済性と信頼性に優れる固
体電解質型燃料電池が得られる。電池反応部の周辺部に
反応ガス排出口を備えると、反応ガスはこの反応ガス排
出孔から固体電解質型燃料電池の外に導かれ、反応ガス
の回収が可能になる。When the conductive porous body is inserted between the battery reaction portion of the separator and the electrode of the single cell, the homogeneity of the conductive porous body and the spring action improve the gas isotropy, thereby improving the separator and the single cell. The continuity between them increases. Further, since the groove processing of the separator is unnecessary, a solid oxide fuel cell excellent in economy and reliability can be obtained. When the reaction gas discharge port is provided in the peripheral portion of the cell reaction section, the reaction gas is guided to the outside of the solid oxide fuel cell through the reaction gas discharge hole, and the reaction gas can be recovered.
【図１】この発明の実施例に係る固体電解質型燃料電池
につき単セルのアノードよりみたセパレータの平面図FIG. 1 is a plan view of a separator of a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention viewed from the anode of a single cell.
【図２】この発明の実施例に係る固体電解質型燃料電池
につき単セルのカソードよりみたセパレータの平面図FIG. 2 is a plan view of a separator of a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention viewed from the cathode of a single cell.
【図３】この発明の実施例に係る固体電解質型燃料電池
を示す断面図FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】この発明の異なる実施例に係る固体電解質型燃
料電池につき単セルのアノードよりみたセパレータの平
面図FIG. 4 is a plan view of a separator of a solid oxide fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention viewed from the anode of a single cell.
【図５】この発明のさらに異なる実施例に係る固体電解
質型燃料電池を示すセパレータの平面図FIG. 5 is a plan view of a separator showing a solid oxide fuel cell according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】従来の平板型固体電解質型燃料電池を示す分解
斜視図FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing a conventional flat plate solid oxide fuel cell.
【図７】従来の平板型固体電解質型燃料電池を示す図８
のＹ−Ｙ切断面図FIG. 7 is a view showing a conventional flat plate solid oxide fuel cell.
YY section view
【図８】従来の平板型固体電解質型燃料電池を示す図７
のＸ−Ｘ切断面図FIG. 8 is a view showing a conventional flat plate solid oxide fuel cell.
XX section view of
１ アノード ２ カソード ３ 固体電解質体 ４ 燃料ガス導入孔 ５ 酸化剤ガス導入孔 ６Ａ ガスシール部 ６Ｂ ガスシール部 ７ 多孔質基体 ８ 燃料ガス室 ９ 酸化剤ガス室 １０Ａ ガス通流孔 １０Ｂ ガス通流孔 １１ セパレータ １２ 単セル １９Ａ 案内羽 １９Ｂ 案内羽 ２０ ガス不透過層 ２１ 電気絶縁板 ３３ 単セル集合体 ５１ 燃料ガス導入孔 ５２ 空気導入孔 ５３ 燃料ガス排出孔 ５４ 燃料ガス供給口 ５６ 燃料ガス分配流路 ５７ 空気分配流路 ５８ 燃料ガス排出流路 ５９ ニッケルフェルト固定部 ６０ シール溝 ６１ シール溝 ６１Ａ シール部 ６２ 電池反応部 ６３ 空気供給口 ６４ リブ ６５ スペーサ（電気絶縁板） ６６ 単セル ６７ ニッケルフェルト ６８ セパレータ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Anode 2 Cathode 3 Solid electrolyte body 4 Fuel gas introduction hole 5 Oxidant gas introduction hole 6A Gas seal part 6B Gas seal part 7 Porous substrate 8 Fuel gas chamber 9 Oxidant gas chamber 10A Gas through hole 10B Gas through hole 11 Separator 12 Single Cell 19A Guide Wing 19B Guide Wing 20 Gas Impermeable Layer 21 Electric Insulation Plate 33 Single Cell Assembly 51 Fuel Gas Inlet 52 Air Inlet 53 Fuel Gas Exhaust 54 54 Fuel Gas Supply 56 56 Fuel Gas Distribution Channel 57 Air distribution flow path 58 Fuel gas discharge flow path 59 Nickel felt fixing part 60 Seal groove 61 Seal groove 61A Seal part 62 Battery reaction part 63 Air supply port 64 Rib 65 Spacer (electric insulating plate) 66 Single cell 67 Nickel felt 68 Separator
Claims (3)
と燃料ガスの反応ガスが通流するマニホルド部と、単セ
ルが配置され単セルとの間に前記反応ガスが通流する電
池反応部を備えるとともに前記電池反応部はその中心に
前記マニホルド部と連通する反応ガス供給口を備え、 単セルは無孔平板で固体電解質体に配されたアノードと
カソードの両電極を備え、 電気絶縁板は前記セパレータのマニホルド部に符合する
厚さ方向の貫通孔を有し、 セパレータと電気絶縁板はセパレータの前記マニホルド
部を介して交互に積層され、 単セルは積層されたセパレータの電池反応部に挟持され
るものであることを特徴とする固体電解質型燃料電池。1. A flat plate type fuel cell, comprising: (1) a separator, (2) a single cell, and (3) an electrical insulating plate, wherein the separator is a metal plate-shaped body and has a thickness direction. A manifold part through which a reaction gas of an oxidant gas and a fuel gas flows, and a battery reaction part through which the reaction gas flows between the single cell and the single cell, and the battery reaction part is at the center thereof. The unit cell is provided with a reaction gas supply port communicating with the manifold section, the single cell is a non-hole plate having both anode and cathode electrodes arranged on the solid electrolyte body, and the electric insulating plate has a thickness corresponding to the manifold section of the separator. Characterized in that the separator and the electric insulating plate are alternately laminated through the manifold portion of the separator, and the single cell is sandwiched between the battery reaction portions of the laminated separators. Solid electrolyte Fuel cell.
ータの電池反応部と単セルの電極との間は導電性多孔質
体が介挿されてなることを特徴とする固体電解質型燃料
電池。2. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a conductive porous body is interposed between the cell reaction portion of the separator and the electrode of the single cell.
応部の周辺部には反応ガス排出口を備えることを特徴と
する固体電解質型燃料電池。3. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a reaction gas exhaust port is provided in the periphery of the cell reaction section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7242697A JPH08279364A (en) | 1995-02-09 | 1995-09-21 | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2152095 | 1995-02-09 | ||
| JP7-21520 | 1995-02-09 | ||
| JP7242697A JPH08279364A (en) | 1995-02-09 | 1995-09-21 | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08279364A true JPH08279364A (en) | 1996-10-22 |
Family
ID=26358599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7242697A Pending JPH08279364A (en) | 1995-02-09 | 1995-09-21 | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08279364A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001017048A1 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-08 | Nok Corporation | Fuel cell |
| JP2001325980A (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2001-11-22 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
| JP2005294153A (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-10-20 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Manifold mechanism of fuel cell |
| US7049019B2 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2006-05-23 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell |
| US7122267B2 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2006-10-17 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell configured with discharge passages that preheat fuel gas and prevent cross leakage |
| WO2007023980A2 (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2007-03-01 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
| EP1791202A2 (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2007-05-30 | HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. | Fuel cell and fuel cell stack |
| JP2007179911A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell |
| JP2008010255A (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-01-17 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Electrochemical device |
| JP2008251379A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Electrochemical device |
| US7544432B2 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2009-06-09 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell and fuel cell stack |
-
1995
- 1995-09-21 JP JP7242697A patent/JPH08279364A/en active Pending
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4147773B2 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2008-09-10 | Ｎｏｋ株式会社 | Fuel cell |
| US6720103B1 (en) | 1999-09-01 | 2004-04-13 | Nok Corporation | Fuel cell |
| WO2001017048A1 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-08 | Nok Corporation | Fuel cell |
| JP2001325980A (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2001-11-22 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
| US7049019B2 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2006-05-23 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell |
| US7122267B2 (en) | 2002-08-28 | 2006-10-17 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell configured with discharge passages that preheat fuel gas and prevent cross leakage |
| US7491460B2 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2009-02-17 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell and fuel cell stack |
| US7482087B2 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2009-01-27 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
| EP1791202A3 (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2007-08-08 | HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. | Fuel cell and fuel cell stack |
| EP1791202A2 (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2007-05-30 | HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. | Fuel cell and fuel cell stack |
| US7544432B2 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2009-06-09 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell and fuel cell stack |
| JP4512845B2 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2010-07-28 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Fuel cell manifold mechanism |
| JP2005294153A (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-10-20 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Manifold mechanism of fuel cell |
| WO2007023980A3 (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2007-08-09 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell |
| WO2007023980A2 (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2007-03-01 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
| US8062807B2 (en) | 2005-08-23 | 2011-11-22 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
| JP2007179911A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell |
| JP4611195B2 (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2011-01-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fuel cell |
| JP2008010255A (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-01-17 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Electrochemical device |
| JP2008251379A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Electrochemical device |
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