JPH0826741B2 - How to start a shield machine at the bottom of the water - Google Patents
How to start a shield machine at the bottom of the waterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0826741B2 JPH0826741B2 JP15783287A JP15783287A JPH0826741B2 JP H0826741 B2 JPH0826741 B2 JP H0826741B2 JP 15783287 A JP15783287 A JP 15783287A JP 15783287 A JP15783287 A JP 15783287A JP H0826741 B2 JPH0826741 B2 JP H0826741B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- shield machine
- submerged
- water
- submerged element
- box
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〈産業上の利用分野〉 本発明は沈埋工法とシールド工法を併用して水底にト
ンネルを構築するに際し、水底でシールドマシンを発進
させる、水底におけるシールドマシンの発進方法に関す
るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to a method for starting a shield machine on a water bottom, in which a shield machine is started at the water bottom when a tunnel is constructed on the water bottom by using both a submersion method and a shield method. It is a thing.
〈従来の技術〉 臨海部において海底トンネルを施工する場合、沈埋函
を使用した沈埋工法や、あるいはシールドマシンを用い
るシールド工法により施工することは広く知られている
が、近時これらの両工法の利点を活かそうと、両工法を
併用する工法がいくつか提案されている。<Prior art> When constructing a submarine tunnel in a coastal area, it is widely known that a submerged method using a submerged box or a shield method using a shield machine is used. In order to make the best use of the advantages, several construction methods using both construction methods in combination have been proposed.
この工法としては例えば、特開昭62−10396号が存在
する。As this construction method, for example, there is JP-A-62-10396.
この併用式工法を簡単に説明すると、土被りの浅い所
では沈埋工法により施工し、土被りが深くなったらシー
ルド工法に切り替えて施工する工法である。Briefly explaining this combined-use construction method, it is a construction method in which the construction is carried out by a submersion construction method in a place where the soil cover is shallow, and when the soil cover becomes deep, it is switched to the shield construction method.
また、沈埋工法からシールド工法に切り替える際は、
沈埋函の端にシールドマシンを収納した別途の函体を接
続し、この函体からシールドマシンを発進させている。Also, when switching from the submersion method to the shield method,
A separate box housing the shield machine is connected to the end of the submerged box, and the shield machine is started from this box.
〈本発明が解決しようとする問題点〉 前述した沈埋工法とシールド工法を併用した工法を実
用化するに当たり、つぎのような問題点がある。<Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention> There are the following problems in practical application of the construction method in which the above-mentioned immersion construction method and shield construction method are used in combination.
（イ）海底よりシールドマシンを発進させるためには、
シールドマシンを収容する函体の前面のバルクヘッドを
撤去する必要がある。(A) In order to launch the shield machine from the seabed,
It is necessary to remove the bulkhead in front of the box that houses the shield machine.
このシールドマシンの前面のバルクヘッドを撤去する
方法としてつぎの二つの方法が考えられる。The following two methods can be considered as methods for removing the bulkhead on the front surface of this shield machine.
函体の前面を埋め戻しし、この埋め戻し土を硬化ま
たは凍結する一方で、外水圧と土圧の併力に耐え得る自
立壁を構築し、この自立壁を函体の内側から撤去する方
法。A method of backfilling the front of the box body and hardening or freezing this backfilled soil, while constructing a self-supporting wall that can withstand the combined force of external water pressure and earth pressure, and removing this self-supporting wall from the inside of the box body .
クレーン船などを用いて海上からバルクヘッドを函
体の外側へ撤去する方法。A method of removing the bulkhead from the sea to the outside of the box by using a crane ship.
しかし、の方法の場合、自立壁に作用する圧力が陸
上に比べて遥かに大きく、自立壁が崩壊する危険性が高
い。However, in the case of method 1, the pressure acting on the self-supporting wall is much larger than that on land, and there is a high risk of the self-supporting wall collapsing.
万一、海底で自立壁が崩壊すると函体内に大量の海水
が流入して大事故となるおそれがある。If the free-standing wall collapses on the seabed, a large amount of seawater may flow into the box, causing a serious accident.
また仮に、自立壁の崩壊防止を目的として安全率を大
きく取ると、工期および工費が大幅に増大する。If the safety factor is set to be large in order to prevent the collapse of the self-supporting wall, the construction period and cost will increase significantly.
また、凍結手段を採用する場合は海上に作業用の桟橋
を必要とするなどの不都合が生じる。Further, when the freezing means is adopted, there arises a disadvantage that a working jetty is required on the sea.
また、の方法を実行するためには、例えば函体内に
海水を取り入れ、内水圧と外水圧を等しくした後にバル
クヘッドを撤去し、海上よりプレミックス材を埋め戻す
ことが考えられる。In order to carry out the method (1), it is conceivable, for example, to take in seawater into the box, equalize the inner water pressure and the outer water pressure, then remove the bulkhead, and backfill the premixed material from the sea.
しかし、の方法の採用の可否を検討すると、シール
ドマシンのテールシートおよびセグメントのジョイント
部における止水の点で不安が残る。However, considering whether or not to adopt the method of (1), there remains anxiety about the water stoppage at the joint of the tail seat and segment of the shield machine.
また、シールドマシンのチャンバー内にプレミックス
材が流入することになるが、このプレミックス材の流入
を防止する対策を講じることが難しい。Further, although the premix material will flow into the chamber of the shield machine, it is difficult to take measures to prevent the premix material from flowing.
（ロ）以上のことから、水中で函体からシールドマシン
を発進するに当たり、経済的に発進できる、具体的な発
進方法の提案が望まれている。(B) From the above, there is a demand for a concrete starting method that can be economically started when starting a shield machine from a box in water.
〈本発明の目的〉 本発明は以上の点に鑑み、水底でしかも軟弱地盤であ
っても経済的にシールドマシンを発進できる、水底にお
けるシールドマシンの発進方法を提供することを目的と
する。<Object of the Present Invention> In view of the above points, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for starting a shield machine on a seabed, which can economically start the shield machine even on a seabed and on soft ground.
〈本発明の構成〉 以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の一実施例について
説明する。<Structure of the Present Invention> An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
〈イ〉沈埋函の敷設（第２図） 土被りの浅い範囲に渡って沈埋函１を敷設する。<a> Installation of submerged box (Fig. 2) The submerged box 1 is laid over the shallow area of the soil cover.
沈埋函１は、その両端の開口に脱着式の隔壁を設けて
遮水構造物としておく。The submerged box 1 is provided with detachable partition walls at the openings at both ends thereof to form a water-impervious structure.
なお、沈埋函１の敷設工は従来方法と同様である。 The laying work of the submerged box 1 is the same as the conventional method.
〈ロ〉シールドマシンの設置（第２、３図） 土被りが深くなったら、沈埋工法からシールド工法に
切り替える。<B> Installation of shield machine (Figs. 2 and 3) When the soil cover becomes deep, the burial method is switched to the shield method.
すなわち、シールドマシン２を収容し、かつ、両端を
バルクヘッド31、32で閉塞した密封構造の沈埋エレメン
ト３を、海上から吊り降ろして既設の沈埋函１の端に接
合する。That is, the submerged element 3 having a sealed structure, which houses the shield machine 2 and whose both ends are closed by the bulkheads 31 and 32, is suspended from the sea and joined to the end of the existing submerged box 1.
沈埋エレメント３を沈埋函１に接続する場合、両函体
１、３間に介在する水を排水し、沈埋エレメント３に作
用する外水圧を利用して水圧接合をする。When the submerged element 3 is connected to the submerged box 1, the water existing between the two boxes 1 and 3 is drained, and the external water pressure acting on the submerged element 3 is used to perform hydraulic joining.
〈ハ〉基礎グラウトの注入（第３図） 沈埋函１と水底との間に基礎グラウトを注入したとき
と同様に、沈埋エレメント３と水底との間にベントナイ
トグラウトなどの基礎グラウト４を注入する。<C> Injecting basic grout (Fig. 3) Injecting basic grout 4 such as bentonite grout between the submerged element 3 and the bottom of water, as in the case of injecting basic grout between the submerged box 1 and the bottom of the water. .
〈ニ〉セグメントの一部組み立て（第４図） 沈埋函１の端に設けた隔壁と対向する沈埋エレメント
３のバルトヘッド32を取り外す。<D> Partial assembly of segment (Fig. 4) Remove the Balt head 32 of the submerged element 3 facing the partition provided at the end of the submerged box 1.
そして、沈埋函１と連通した沈埋エレメント３内にセ
グメント５を搬入し、シールドマシン２のテール部から
沈埋函１の端までの間にセグメント５を組み立てる。Then, the segment 5 is carried into the submerged element 3 communicating with the submerged box 1, and the segment 5 is assembled between the tail portion of the shield machine 2 and the end of the submerged box 1.
セグメント５の一端と既設の沈埋函１との間は、止水
処理を施して接続する。Between one end of the segment 5 and the existing submerged box 1, a water-stop treatment is applied and connected.
さらに沈埋エレメント３の端を閉塞するバルクヘッド
31を外す準備として、バルクヘッド31を固定しているボ
ルト類を取り外す。Further, a bulkhead for closing the end of the submerged element 3
To prepare to remove 31, remove the bolts that secure the bulkhead 31.
バルクヘッド31を固定していたボルト類を取り除いて
も外水圧を受けているので、沈埋エレメント３の内圧が
外水圧以上にならない限り、バルクヘッド31が外れて沈
埋エレメント３内に浸水する心配はない。Even if the bolts that have fixed the bulkhead 31 are removed, it is still under external water pressure, so unless the internal pressure of the submerged element 3 is greater than or equal to the external water pressure, there is no concern that the bulkhead 31 will come off and water will enter the submerged element 3. Absent.
〈ホ〉エレメント内への固結材の注入（第５図） 沈埋エレメント３内の、組み立てを終えたばかりのセ
グメント５とシールドマシン２の外法の密封空間の全域
にベントナイトモルタルなどの固結材６を注入する。<E> Injecting the solidifying material into the element (Fig. 5) The solidifying material such as bentonite mortar is filled in the submerged element 3 over the entire outer sealed space of the segment 5 and the shield machine 2 just assembled. Inject 6.
このとき、シールドマシン２のチャンバー内に固結材
６の浸入を規制する対策が必要となる。At this time, it is necessary to take measures to restrict the infiltration of the solidifying material 6 into the chamber of the shield machine 2.
その対策としては、例えばシールドマシン２のチャン
バーを閉塞する蓋材を取り付けておいたり、あるいはシ
ールドマシン２のチャンバー内に、常に固結材６の液粒
と同一の液位を保ちながら泥水９を注入する方法が考え
られる。As a countermeasure, for example, a lid member for closing the chamber of the shield machine 2 is attached, or the muddy water 9 is always kept in the chamber of the shield machine 2 while maintaining the same liquid level as the liquid particles of the solidifying material 6. A method of injection is possible.
沈埋エレメント３内に固結材６を注入しても、沈埋エ
レメント３の端を閉塞するバルクヘッド31は外水圧を受
けるので固結材６の充填圧によって容易に外れる心配が
ない。Even if the solidifying material 6 is injected into the submerged element 3, the bulkhead 31 that closes the end of the submerged element 3 receives external water pressure, so there is no concern that the bulkhead 31 will easily come off due to the filling pressure of the solidified material 6.
〈ヘ〉バルクヘッドの除去（第６図） 沈埋エレメント３内に注入した固結材６の壁面が自立
する程度の強度が発現したら（例えば圧縮応力が３〜6k
g/cm2程度）、バルクヘッド31を海上からクレーン船を
用いて撤去する。<F> Removal of bulkhead (Fig. 6) When the strength of the wall of the solidified material 6 injected into the submerged element 3 becomes self-supporting (for example, compressive stress is 3 to 6k).
g / cm 2 ), and remove the bulkhead 31 from the sea using a crane ship.
バルクヘッド31を撤去するには、沈埋エレメント３の
内圧を外水圧と等しくなるよう調整する。To remove the bulkhead 31, the internal pressure of the submerged element 3 is adjusted to be equal to the external water pressure.
〈ト〉固結材による埋め戻し（第７図） 既設の沈埋函１の周囲は、周辺土砂８を用いて埋め戻
す。<G> Backfilling with solidifying material (Fig. 7) The surrounding of the existing submerged box 1 is backfilled with the surrounding earth and sand 8.
また、沈埋エレメント３の前部から掘進予定の水底地
盤の間は、埋戻用固結材７を使用して埋め戻して遮水す
る。In addition, between the front part of the submerged element 3 and the water bottom ground to be excavated, backfilling is performed using the backfilling solidifying material 7 to block water.
埋戻用固結材７の変わりに、薬液を代用することも可
能である。Instead of the backfilling solidifying material 7, it is possible to substitute a chemical solution.
このように沈埋エレメント３の周囲を、周辺土砂を用
いずに埋戻用固結材７または薬液を用いて埋め戻したの
は、周辺土砂８よる埋め戻し土質が軟弱であるため海水
の浸透を許してしまうことと、周辺土砂の密度が小さい
ためトンネルの浮き上がりの安全率が低くなることが予
想されるためである。In this way, the surroundings of the submerged element 3 were backfilled by using the solidifying material for backfilling 7 or the chemical solution without using the surrounding sediment, because the backfill soil due to the surrounding sediment 8 is soft and the penetration of seawater is prevented. This is because it is expected that the safety factor for lifting the tunnel will be low because the density of surrounding sediment is low.
〈チ〉シールドマシンの発進（第１図） 沈埋エレメント３と沈埋函１を外水から遮蔽したら、
沈埋エレメント３内からシールドマシン２を発進させ
る。<H> Starting the shield machine (Fig. 1) After shielding the submerged element 3 and submerged box 1 from outside water,
The shield machine 2 is started from within the submerged element 3.
シールドマシン２はセグメント５を組み立てながら、
埋戻用固結材７を掘進し、さらにその先の水底地盤を掘
り進んでいく。Shield machine 2 is assembling segment 5
The solidification material 7 for backfilling is dug, and further the water bottom ground beyond that is dug.
〈本発明の効果〉 本発明は以上のようになるからつぎの効果を得ること
ができる。<Effects of the Present Invention> Since the present invention is as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
（イ）沈埋工法とシールド工法を併用して水底トンネル
を施工するに際して、外水の影響や水底地盤の影響を受
けずに既設の沈埋函の端からシールドマシンを発進させ
ることができる。(B) When constructing a submarine tunnel using both the submersion method and the shield method, the shield machine can be started from the end of the existing submerged box without being affected by the external water or the submarine ground.
（ロ）従来工法のような凍結工法や海上作業用の桟橋は
不要であるから、工費を大幅に低減できる。(B) Since the freezing method and the jetty for offshore work unlike the conventional method are not required, the construction cost can be significantly reduced.
（ハ）シールドマシンを収容した函体のバルクヘットを
海上から撤去でき、しかも内水圧と外水圧とを等しくし
てバルクヘッドを撤去する。(C) The bulkhead of the box containing the shield machine can be removed from the sea, and the bulkhead can be removed by making the inner water pressure equal to the outer water pressure.
そのため、外水圧と土圧が併用する状態でバルクヘッ
ドを内外に撤去する従来技術に比べ、作業の安全性が著
しく向上する。Therefore, the work safety is significantly improved as compared with the conventional technique in which the bulkhead is removed inside and outside under the condition that the external water pressure and the earth pressure are used together.
第１図：シールドマシンを発進して水底にトンネルを構
築する一実施例の説明図 第２図：シールドマシンを収容した沈埋エレメントを沈
設する作業説明図 第３図：沈埋エレメントを既設の沈埋函に接続する作業
の説明図 第４図：セグメントの組み立て作業の説明図 第５図：沈埋エレメント内に固結材を注入する作業の説
明図 第６図：沈埋エレメントのバルクヘッドを撤去する作業
の説明図 第７図：埋戻用固結材を埋め戻す作業の説明図Fig. 1: Explanatory drawing of one embodiment for starting a shield machine to construct a tunnel on the water bottom Fig. 2: Explanatory drawing of work for immersing a submerged element containing a shield machine Fig. 3: Submerged box with an existing submerged element Fig. 4: Explanatory drawing of segment assembly work Fig. 5: Explanatory drawing of work of injecting solidifying material into the burial element Fig. 6: Removal of bulkhead of burial element Explanatory diagram Fig. 7: Explanatory diagram of the work for backfilling the backfill consolidation material
Claims (1)
に、 シールドマシンを収容した密封構造の沈埋エレメントを
沈設して接続し、 つぎに沈埋エレメントの内周とシールドマシンの外周と
の間に形成される密封空間の全域に固結材を注入し、 沈埋エレメント内に注入した前記固結材に所定の強度が
発現したら沈埋エレメント内の内圧を調整して沈埋エレ
メントの前面を閉塞するバルクヘッドを撤去し、 つぎに沈埋エレメントの前部から掘進地盤の範囲に埋戻
用の固結材または薬液を用いて埋め戻しを行って遮水を
図り、 沈埋エレメント内から沈埋エレメント内の固結材および
埋戻用の固結材の層若しくは薬液層へ向けてシールドマ
シンを発進させる、 水底におけるシールドマシンの発進方法1. A submerged element having a hermetically sealed structure accommodating a shield machine is sunk and connected to an end of a submerged box laid in a shallow area of earth cover, and then an inner circumference of the submerged element and an outer circumference of the shield machine are connected. The solidifying material is injected into the entire sealed space formed between them, and when the solidifying material injected into the submerged element exhibits a predetermined strength, the internal pressure in the submerged element is adjusted to close the front surface of the submerged element. The bulkhead is removed, and then the area from the front of the submerged element to the excavated ground is backfilled with a solidifying material or a chemical solution for backfilling to block water. A method of starting a shield machine at the bottom of the water, in which the shield machine is started toward a layer of a solid material for binding and backfilling or a chemical liquid layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15783287A JPH0826741B2 (en) | 1987-06-26 | 1987-06-26 | How to start a shield machine at the bottom of the water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15783287A JPH0826741B2 (en) | 1987-06-26 | 1987-06-26 | How to start a shield machine at the bottom of the water |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS646496A JPS646496A (en) | 1989-01-11 |
| JPH0826741B2 true JPH0826741B2 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
Family
ID=15658305
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15783287A Expired - Fee Related JPH0826741B2 (en) | 1987-06-26 | 1987-06-26 | How to start a shield machine at the bottom of the water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0826741B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPQ595900A0 (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2000-03-23 | Silverbrook Research Pty Ltd | Modular printhead |
| JP5736701B2 (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2015-06-17 | 株式会社大林組 | How to propel shield machine |
| JP5797944B2 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2015-10-21 | 清水建設株式会社 | Propulsion method by reaching underwater |
| JP5876263B2 (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2016-03-02 | 株式会社Ｉｈｉ建材工業 | Construction method for tubular structures |
| JP6289045B2 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2018-03-07 | 大成建設株式会社 | How to build a shield tunnel |
| CN112727476A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-04-30 | 北京市城远市政工程有限责任公司 | Deep storage regulating tunnel and construction method thereof |
-
1987
- 1987-06-26 JP JP15783287A patent/JPH0826741B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS646496A (en) | 1989-01-11 |
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