JPH08236828A - Block-layer piezoelectric member - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a block-layer piezoelectric member wherein electrodes formed on the side surfaces of a piezoelectric element do not obstruct the telescopic motion, and imperfect conduction of the electrodes can be prevented. CONSTITUTION: A multilayer body 2 includes a plurality of piezoelectric plates stacked in the thickness direction, and inner electrodes which are alternately inserted in the parts between the plates, and has outer electrodes 21, 22 electrically connected with the inner electrodes, on the side surfaces. Almost all over the whole length of the thickness direction, two abutting electrodes (corrugated sheets) 3 which abut against the outer electrodes 21 and 22, respectively, and insulating biasing means (heat-shrinkable tubes) 41 which clamp the abutting electrodes 3 by the outer electrodes 21, 22 are formed. Since the abutting electrodes (corrugated sheets) 3 are made to abut against the outer electrodes 21, 22 by the biasing means 41, and electrically connected with the electrodes 21, 22, imperfect conduction is not generated. When the multilayer body 2 expands and contracts, the abutting electrodes 3 also expand and contract or slide, and do not restrain the telescopic motion of the body 2.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ピエゾ効果によって伸
縮する積層圧電体に関し、特に精密位置決め機構、デジ
タル記録再生ヘッド、精密光学機器、管内検査装置およ
び精密弁などの精密アクチュエータに用いて好適な積層
圧電体に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laminated piezoelectric material which expands and contracts due to the piezo effect, and is particularly suitable for use in precision positioning mechanisms, digital recording / reproducing heads, precision optical instruments, in-pipe inspection devices and precision actuators such as precision valves. The present invention relates to a laminated piezoelectric material.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の積層圧電体の側面に設けた電極に
関する工夫としては、導電樹脂や導電性硝子を素子の側
面に塗布または焼き付けて電極を形成するものがあっ
た。例えば、特公平６−６６４８４、特開平５−１１０
１５５、実公平５−６６７６および実公平５−３４１２
２に、これに類する技術が開示されている。2. Description of the Related Art As a device for forming an electrode on the side surface of a conventional laminated piezoelectric material, there has been one in which a conductive resin or conductive glass is applied or baked on the side surface of the element to form the electrode. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-66484 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-11048.
155, Actual Fairness 5-6676 and Actual Fairness 5-3412
2 discloses a technique similar to this.

【０００３】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、これらに開
示された従来技術では、素子の側面に形成された電極が
素子の伸縮変形に追随はするものの、応力を発生して力
学的に素子の自由な伸縮を阻害するという不都合があっ
た。また、素子と側面の電極の間に応力が生じるため、
長時間作動していると、素子内部に積層された内部電極
と側面の電極との間に割れが生じて、導通不良を起こす
可能性があった。さらに、半田付けなど点接触に近い手
段で素子側面の電極とリード線が接続してある積層圧電
体では、その接続部分の半田が発熱で溶けてしまった
り、長期間のうちには熱応力や疲労などで破断したりし
て、リード線との接続部で導通不良を起こす可能性もあ
った。したがって、従来技術の積層圧電体には、力学的
な損失と同時に、導通不良の可能性を内包しているとい
う不都合が伴っていた。However, in the conventional techniques disclosed in these documents, although the electrodes formed on the side surfaces of the element follow the expansion and contraction deformation of the element, stress is generated to mechanically free the element. There was the inconvenience of inhibiting the expansion and contraction. Also, since stress is generated between the element and the side electrode,
If it is operated for a long time, a crack may occur between the internal electrode laminated inside the element and the electrode on the side surface, which may cause poor conduction. Furthermore, in a laminated piezoelectric material in which the electrodes on the side surface of the element and the lead wires are connected by a means similar to point contact such as soldering, the solder at the connection part may melt due to heat generation, or thermal stress or There is also a possibility of breakage due to fatigue or the like, resulting in poor conduction at the connection with the lead wire. Therefore, the conventional laminated piezoelectric material has a disadvantage that it has a mechanical loss and a possibility of conduction failure.

【０００４】そこで、本発明は、素子の側面に形成され
た電極が伸縮動作を阻害せず、かつ同電極の導通不良を
防止することができる積層圧電体を提供することを解決
すべき課題とする。Therefore, the present invention has an object to provide a laminated piezoelectric material in which an electrode formed on the side surface of an element does not hinder the expansion / contraction operation and a defective conduction of the electrode can be prevented. To do.

【０００５】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の第１構成は、厚
み方向に積層された複数の圧電板と、該圧電板の間に交
互に挿置された第１内部電極および第２内部電極と、該
第１内部電極に導通し該圧電板の一側面を覆う第１外部
電極と、該第２内部電極に導通し該圧電板の他の一側面
を覆う第２外部電極と、該圧電板の積層方向に沿うほぼ
全長にわたり該第１外部電極および該第２電極にそれぞ
れ当接する二つの当接電極と、各該外部電極とで各該当
接電極を挟持する絶縁性の付勢手段とを有することを特
徴とする積層圧電体である。According to a first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of piezoelectric plates stacked in the thickness direction, first internal electrodes and second internal electrodes alternately inserted between the piezoelectric plates, A first external electrode which is electrically connected to the first internal electrode and covers one side surface of the piezoelectric plate; a second external electrode which is electrically connected to the second internal electrode and covers another side surface of the piezoelectric plate; Two contact electrodes that respectively contact the first external electrode and the second electrode over substantially the entire length along the stacking direction, and insulating urging means that sandwiches the respective contact electrodes with each external electrode. A laminated piezoelectric body characterized by the above.

【０００６】本発明の第２構成は、上記第１構成におい
て更に、前記当接電極が、導電性板である積層圧電体で
ある。本発明の第３構成は、上記第２構成において更
に、前記導電性板が、弾性材で形成された波板である積
層圧電体である。本発明の第４構成は、上記第２構成に
おいて更に、前記導電性板は、該当接電極が前記外部電
極に当接する前記圧電板の側面に隣接する該圧電板の側
面に延伸する電源接続部分を有する積層圧電体である。A second structure of the present invention is the laminated piezoelectric body according to the first structure, wherein the contact electrode is a conductive plate. A third structure of the present invention is the laminated piezoelectric body according to the second structure, wherein the conductive plate is a corrugated plate made of an elastic material. According to a fourth structure of the present invention, in the second structure, the conductive plate further includes a power source connecting portion extending to a side surface of the piezoelectric plate adjacent to a side surface of the piezoelectric plate where the contact electrode abuts the external electrode. It is a laminated piezoelectric material having.

【０００７】本発明の第５構成は、上記第２構成におい
て更に、前記導電性板が、前記圧電板の前記積層方向の
一端から突出した電極ピンをもつ積層圧電体である。本
発明の第６構成は、上記第１構成において更に、前記付
勢手段が、前記当接電極を外周から覆う樹脂製のケース
である積層圧電体である。本発明の第７構成は、上記第
６構成において更に、前記ケースが、熱収縮性チューブ
で形成される積層圧電体である。A fifth constitution of the present invention is the laminated piezoelectric body according to the second constitution, wherein the conductive plate has electrode pins protruding from one end of the piezoelectric plate in the laminating direction. A sixth configuration of the present invention is the laminated piezoelectric body according to the first configuration, wherein the urging means is a resin case that covers the contact electrode from the outer periphery. A seventh structure of the present invention is the laminated piezoelectric body according to the sixth structure, wherein the case is a heat-shrinkable tube.

【０００８】本発明の第８構成は、上記第１構成におい
て更に、前記付勢手段が、前記当接電極を外周から覆う
ゴム製のチューブである積層圧電体である。本発明の第
９構成は、上記第１構成において更に、前記当接電極
が、導電性のメッシュ材である積層圧電体である。An eighth structure of the present invention is the laminated piezoelectric body according to the first structure, wherein the urging means is a rubber tube covering the contact electrode from the outer periphery. A ninth structure of the present invention is the laminated piezoelectric body according to the first structure, wherein the contact electrode is a conductive mesh material.

【０００９】[0009]

【発明の作用および効果】[Operation and effect of the invention]

【００１０】[0010]

【作用】本発明の第１構成では、各内部電極と導通する
それぞれの外部電極が圧電板の側面を覆い、各外部電極
にはそのほぼ全長にわたって当接電極が付勢手段により
押圧当接して導通する。したがって、外部電極には機械
強度が要求されないので、極めて薄く延性に富む導電性
の膜または層で形成することが可能になる。また、外部
電極と当接電極との間の摩擦剪断力がある程度以上にな
ると、両者の接触部の間に滑りが生じるなどして摩擦剪
断力を軽減する。その結果、外部電極および当接電極に
よって積層圧電体の伸縮運動が阻害されることは無くな
る。In the first structure of the present invention, the external electrodes that are electrically connected to the internal electrodes cover the side surfaces of the piezoelectric plate, and the contact electrodes are pressed and abutted by the biasing means over substantially the entire length of the external electrodes. Conduct. Therefore, since mechanical strength is not required for the external electrode, it is possible to form the external electrode with an extremely thin and highly conductive conductive film or layer. Further, when the frictional shearing force between the external electrode and the contact electrode exceeds a certain level, the frictional shearing force is reduced by slipping between the contact portions of the two. As a result, the expansion and contraction movement of the laminated piezoelectric material is not obstructed by the external electrode and the contact electrode.

【００１１】同時に、延性に富んだ外部電極は、内部電
極との間に応力を生じないので、割れが発生して導通不
良を起こすことがない。また、外部電極と当接電極との
間に過大な摩擦剪断力が発生することが無いので、外部
電極等に割れを生じて導通不良を起こすこともない。さ
らに、外部電極にほぼ全長にわたって当接電極が当接し
ているので、外部電極の一部に電流が集中して局所的に
過熱することは避けられる。その結果、電源との接合部
に半田が溶けるなどの原因による不具合が生じることも
ない。At the same time, the external electrode having high ductility does not generate stress between itself and the internal electrode, so that cracks do not occur and conduction failure does not occur. Further, since an excessive frictional shearing force is not generated between the external electrode and the contact electrode, the external electrode or the like is not cracked and the conduction failure is not caused. Further, since the contact electrode is in contact with the external electrode over substantially the entire length, it is possible to avoid local concentration of current on a part of the external electrode and local heating. As a result, no trouble occurs due to the cause such as melting of the solder at the joint with the power supply.

【００１２】以上のように本発明の第１構成によれば、
電極によって伸縮運動が阻害されることがないので効率
がよく、かつ導通不良などの不具合を起こしにくい極め
て信頼性の高い積層圧電体を提供することができる。本
発明の第２構成では、当接電極が導電性板であるから、
製造が容易でコストも安い上に、積層された圧電板の全
長にわたって外部電極との導通が容易に得られるという
利点がある。As described above, according to the first configuration of the present invention,
Since the expansion and contraction movements are not hindered by the electrodes, it is possible to provide a highly efficient laminated piezoelectric material that is highly efficient and is less likely to cause problems such as poor conduction. In the second configuration of the present invention, since the contact electrode is the conductive plate,
It has the advantages that it is easy to manufacture and the cost is low, and that electrical continuity with the external electrodes can be easily obtained over the entire length of the laminated piezoelectric plates.

【００１３】本発明の第３構成では、当接電極が弾性を
持った導電性の波板であるから、波板自身のバネ弾性で
外部電極と確実に当接し、外部電極との導通がより確実
なものになるという利点がある。さらに、波板の当接電
極は、積層された圧電板の伸縮に追随して容易に伸縮す
ることができ、滑りなしでも過大な応力を生じないの
で、外部電極が摩耗する恐れがないという長所も有す
る。In the third structure of the present invention, since the abutting electrode is a conductive corrugated plate having elasticity, the corrugated plate itself is surely brought into contact with the external electrode due to the spring elasticity of the corrugated plate, and the electrical connection with the external electrode is further improved. It has the advantage of being certain. Further, the contact electrode of the corrugated plate can easily expand and contract following the expansion and contraction of the laminated piezoelectric plates, and does not cause excessive stress without slippage, which is an advantage that the external electrodes are not worn. Also has.

【００１４】本発明の第４構成では、電源接続部分が外
部電極とは別の側面にあるので、電源接続部分の存在に
よって外部電極の形状を制約することがないという長所
を有する。さらに、積層圧電体を装備する装置への組付
けにあたり、外部電極を傷つける恐れなくチャックで積
層圧電体を挟持することができ、組付けの自動化が容易
になるという利点もある。The fourth structure of the present invention has an advantage that the shape of the external electrode is not restricted by the existence of the power source connecting portion because the power source connecting portion is on the side different from the external electrode. Further, when the device is equipped with the laminated piezoelectric material, the laminated piezoelectric material can be sandwiched by the chuck without fear of damaging the external electrodes, and the assembly can be easily automated.

【００１５】本発明の第５構成では、当接電極である導
電性板から連続した電極ピンが突出するので、リード線
の溶接、鑞付け、または半田付けなどの工数を必要とし
ない。すなわち、積層圧電体を所定位置に組付けるだけ
で、自動的に電極ピンがソケットに嵌合して導通する装
置設計が可能になる。したがって、工数低減および取扱
いの簡便化が実現されるという利点がある。In the fifth structure of the present invention, since the continuous electrode pins project from the conductive plate which is the contact electrode, the man-hours for welding, brazing, or soldering the lead wires are not required. That is, by simply assembling the laminated piezoelectric body at a predetermined position, it is possible to design a device in which the electrode pins are automatically fitted into the sockets and electrically connected. Therefore, there is an advantage that the number of steps is reduced and the handling is simplified.

【００１６】本発明の第６構成では、絶縁性の高い樹脂
製のケースを付勢手段として採用するので、各種電極お
よび積層された圧電板からなる本体部分を、電気的にも
機械的にも強固に保護することが可能になる。本発明の
第７構成では、付勢手段を熱収縮性チューブで形成する
ので、当接電極を外部電極に当接させた上で熱収縮性チ
ューブを被せて加熱することにより、極めて容易に当接
電極を外部電極に当接させて挟持することができるとい
う利点がある。In the sixth structure of the present invention, the case made of a resin having a high insulating property is employed as the urging means, so that the main body portion including the various electrodes and the laminated piezoelectric plates is electrically and mechanically. It enables strong protection. In the seventh configuration of the present invention, since the biasing means is formed of the heat-shrinkable tube, the contact electrode is brought into contact with the external electrode and then the heat-shrinkable tube is covered and heated, so that the contact can be performed very easily. There is an advantage that the contact electrode can be held in contact with the external electrode to be sandwiched.

【００１７】本発明の第８構成は、付勢手段としてゴム
製のチューブを使用するので、長期間使用しても当接電
極と外部電極との間の当接部に緩みや遊びを生じること
が無く、両者の間の確実な導通を期すことができるとい
う利点がある。また、ゴムの伸縮性により積層圧電体の
伸縮運動が自由であって、付勢手段により伸縮が阻害さ
れることがないという利点も有する。According to the eighth structure of the present invention, since the rubber tube is used as the urging means, the contact portion between the contact electrode and the external electrode may be loosened or played even if it is used for a long period of time. There is no advantage, and there is an advantage that reliable conduction between the two can be expected. In addition, there is an advantage that the expansion and contraction of the laminated piezoelectric body is free due to the elasticity of the rubber, and the expansion and contraction is not hindered by the biasing means.

【００１８】本発明の第９構成では、導電性のメッシュ
材を当接電極に採用するので、当接電極は外部電極のほ
ぼ全面にわたって無数の接触点をもって当接し、両者の
導通は極めて良好かつ確実なものになる。併せて、積層
圧電体の伸縮方向に対し斜めにメッシュ材の織り目を設
ければ、メッシュ材自体が伸縮自在となり、積層圧電体
の伸縮を妨げない。また、メッシュ材と外部電極との間
に摩擦や摩耗を生じることがなく、極めて有利である。In the ninth structure of the present invention, since the conductive mesh material is used for the contact electrode, the contact electrode contacts with the innumerable contact points over substantially the entire surface of the external electrode, and the conduction between the two is extremely good. Be certain. At the same time, when the mesh material mesh is provided obliquely to the expansion / contraction direction of the laminated piezoelectric material, the mesh material itself can be expanded and contracted without hindering expansion / contraction of the laminated piezoelectric material. Further, there is no friction or wear between the mesh material and the external electrode, which is extremely advantageous.

【００１９】[0019]

【実施例】以下、本発明の８つの実施例を図１〜図１０
に基づき説明する。 （実施例１） （実施例１の構成と製造方法）本発明の実施例１として
の積層圧電体の概略構成は、図１（ａ）および図１
（ｂ）に示すように、積層体２、積層圧電体の側方外周
面を形成する熱収縮性チューブ４１、および積層体２の
互いに対向する２側面に当接する波板３からなる。この
積層体２は、複数個の積層ブロック１を積層し、その両
端に絶縁性のダミーブロック９を接続した素子である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Eight embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
It will be explained based on. (Example 1) (Structure and manufacturing method of Example 1) A schematic structure of a laminated piezoelectric material as Example 1 of the present invention is shown in Figs.
As shown in (b), the laminated body 2, the heat-shrinkable tube 41 forming the lateral outer peripheral surface of the laminated piezoelectric body, and the corrugated plate 3 that abuts on two side surfaces of the laminated body 2 facing each other. This laminated body 2 is an element in which a plurality of laminated blocks 1 are laminated and insulating dummy blocks 9 are connected to both ends thereof.

【００２０】積層体２を構成する積層ブロック１には、
図２に示すように、厚み方向に積層された複数の圧電板
１０と、圧電板１０の間に交互に挿置された第１内部電
極１１および第２内部電極１２とが積層されている。そ
して、積層ブロック１の互いに対向する側面には、第１
内部電極１１に導通し圧電板１０の一側面を覆う第１外
部電極２１と、第２内部電極１２に導通し圧電板１０の
他の一側面を覆う第２外部電極２２とが設けられてい
る。The laminated block 1 which constitutes the laminated body 2 includes
As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of piezoelectric plates 10 stacked in the thickness direction and first internal electrodes 11 and second internal electrodes 12 that are alternately inserted between the piezoelectric plates 10 are stacked. Then, on the side surfaces of the laminated block 1 facing each other, the first
A first external electrode 21 that is electrically connected to the internal electrode 11 and covers one side surface of the piezoelectric plate 10 and a second external electrode 22 that is electrically connected to the second internal electrode 12 and covers another side surface of the piezoelectric plate 10 are provided. .

【００２１】このような積層ブロック１は、次のように
して製造することができる。まず、両内部電極１１，１
２は、焼結前の圧電セラミックス材料の短冊状の薄板の
両面に印刷塗布された、バインダ材入りの７：３の銀−
パラジウムのペーストから形成される。この電極材料を
塗布されたセラミックスの薄板は、つづら折り状に交互
に複数回折り曲げられて互いに積層され、直方体のブロ
ックを形成する。Such a laminated block 1 can be manufactured as follows. First, both internal electrodes 11, 1
2 is a 7: 3 silver containing binder material printed and applied on both sides of a strip of piezoelectric ceramic material before sintering.
Formed from palladium paste. The ceramic thin plates coated with the electrode material are alternately folded and folded in a zigzag shape and stacked on top of each other to form a rectangular parallelepiped block.

【００２２】次に、上記直方体ブロックのセラミックス
を焼結すると、複数積層された圧電板１０が形成され、
同時に熱で電極材料中のバインダ材が蒸発して銀パラジ
ウム合金からなる内部電極１１，１２が交互に形成され
る。最後に、内部電極１１，１２の一部が露出している
圧電板１０の両側面、すなわち上記ブロックの互いに対
向する二側面に、金−ニッケル−クロムの合金層が蒸着
により形成されて、外部電極２１，２２を構成する。外
部電極２１，２２はそれぞれ内部電極１１，１２に導通
しているので、外部電極２１，２２に電圧を印加すれば
上記ブロックは圧電伸縮素子として機能し、積層ブロッ
ク１として完成する。Next, when the ceramics of the rectangular parallelepiped block are sintered, a plurality of laminated piezoelectric plates 10 are formed,
At the same time, the binder material in the electrode material is evaporated by heat and the internal electrodes 11 and 12 made of a silver-palladium alloy are alternately formed. Finally, an alloy layer of gold-nickel-chromium is formed by vapor deposition on both side surfaces of the piezoelectric plate 10 where a part of the internal electrodes 11 and 12 are exposed, that is, two side surfaces facing each other of the block. The electrodes 21 and 22 are formed. Since the external electrodes 21 and 22 are electrically connected to the internal electrodes 11 and 12, respectively, when a voltage is applied to the external electrodes 21 and 22, the block functions as a piezoelectric expansion / contraction element, and the laminated block 1 is completed.

【００２３】ちなみに、積層ブロック１の外形寸法は、
縦５ｍｍ×横５ｍｍ×厚み２ｍｍであり、一つの積層ブ
ロック１内には９０層の圧電板１０が積層されている。
積層体２は、再び図１に示すように、外部電極１１，１
２の形成された側面を同一面上に並べて、圧電板１０の
積層方向に積層ブロック１が複数個積層され、両端にそ
れぞれ絶縁性のダミーブロック９が取り付けられたもの
である。各ブロック間は、接着剤の薄い層により強固に
接合されている。なお、ダミーブロック９は、積層体２
の両端部での短絡を防ぐとともに、機械強度の高い当接
部材としても機能する。By the way, the outer dimensions of the laminated block 1 are
The length is 5 mm × width 5 mm × thickness 2 mm, and 90 layers of piezoelectric plates 10 are laminated in one laminated block 1.
As shown in FIG. 1 again, the laminated body 2 includes the external electrodes 11, 1
A plurality of laminated blocks 1 are laminated in the laminating direction of the piezoelectric plate 10 by arranging the side surfaces on which the two are formed on the same surface, and insulating dummy blocks 9 are attached to both ends thereof. The blocks are firmly joined by a thin layer of adhesive. The dummy block 9 is the laminated body 2
It prevents a short circuit at both ends and also functions as a contact member having high mechanical strength.

【００２４】積層体２の対向する両側面に形成された２
１，２２には、弾性材で形成された導電性の二つの波板
３が、圧電板１０の積層方向のほぼ全長にわたって当接
している。波板３の材料は導電性およびバネ弾性に優れ
た銅合金であり、波板３の当接面には金合金がメッキさ
れていて、酸化を防止すると同時に当接部の導通性を良
くしている。波板３の波は積層体２の積層方向に波うっ
ており、その波長（ピッチ）は積層ブロック１の積層方
向の厚みとほぼ同一に合わせてある。したがって、各積
層ブロック１の厚み方向の中央部付近で、外部電極２
１，２２と当接電極としての波板３とが当接して導通し
ている。2 formed on opposite side surfaces of the laminated body 2
Two electrically conductive corrugated plates 3 made of an elastic material are in contact with 1 and 22 over substantially the entire length of the piezoelectric plate 10 in the stacking direction. The material of the corrugated plate 3 is a copper alloy having excellent conductivity and spring elasticity, and the contact surface of the corrugated plate 3 is plated with a gold alloy to prevent oxidation and at the same time improve the conductivity of the contact part. ing. The wave of the corrugated plate 3 undulates in the stacking direction of the stacked body 2, and its wavelength (pitch) is set to be substantially the same as the thickness of the stacked block 1 in the stacking direction. Therefore, in the vicinity of the central portion in the thickness direction of each laminated block 1, the external electrodes 2
1, 2 and the corrugated plate 3 serving as the contact electrode are in contact with each other and are electrically connected.

【００２５】それぞれの波板３には、その側方の辺縁部
から突出した電源接続部分３１が、一体に設けられてい
る。電源接続部分３１は、積層体２の縁に沿って屈曲
し、外部電極２１，２２の形成された側面に隣接する積
層体２の側面に延伸している。そして、電源接続部分３
１は上記隣接側面上で矩形の電極を形成し、ここで被覆
電線（リード線）５と接続されている。Each corrugated plate 3 is integrally provided with a power source connecting portion 31 protruding from a side edge portion thereof. The power supply connection portion 31 is bent along the edge of the stacked body 2 and extends to the side surface of the stacked body 2 adjacent to the side surface on which the external electrodes 21 and 22 are formed. And the power supply connection part 3
1 forms a rectangular electrode on the adjacent side surface and is connected to a covered electric wire (lead wire) 5 here.

【００２６】より詳しくは、被覆電線５の先端部にむき
身になった電線５１が露出しており、電線５１は導電性
の接続金具５０にカシメで強固に固定保持されている。
そして、接続金具５０が電源接続部分３１の矩形電極に
スポット溶接により固定されているので、二本の被覆電
線５は、それぞれの外部電極２１，２２に確実に導通し
ている。なお、上記カシメ部には、溶接やロウ付けなど
の接合手段を併用してもよい。More specifically, the stripped electric wire 51 is exposed at the tip of the covered electric wire 5, and the electric wire 51 is firmly fixed and held to the conductive connecting fitting 50 by caulking.
Then, since the connection fitting 50 is fixed to the rectangular electrode of the power supply connection portion 31 by spot welding, the two covered electric wires 5 are surely conducted to the respective external electrodes 21 and 22. A joining means such as welding or brazing may be used together with the crimped portion.

【００２７】以上のように構成された積層体２およびそ
の外部電極２１，２２に当接する当接電極としての波板
３は、その外周側面を付勢手段としての熱収縮性チュー
ブ４１で被覆されている。チューブ４１は、絶縁性の材
質なので、積層体２および波板３を周囲から絶縁して電
気的にも保護する働きがある。それと同時に、チューブ
４１は、各波板３を各外部電極２１，２２との間に挟持
して、各波板３を各外部電極２１，２２に押圧付勢する
作用を有する。The laminated body 2 and the corrugated plate 3 as an abutting electrode that abuts the external electrodes 21 and 22 configured as described above are coated with a heat-shrinkable tube 41 as an urging means on the outer peripheral side surface thereof. ing. Since the tube 41 is an insulating material, it has a function of insulating the laminated body 2 and the corrugated plate 3 from the surroundings and electrically protecting them. At the same time, the tube 41 has an action of sandwiching each corrugated plate 3 between each outer electrode 21 and 22, and pressingly biasing each corrugated plate 3 to each outer electrode 21 or 22.

【００２８】この熱収縮性チューブ４１は、その名の通
り熱収縮性樹脂でできている。したがって、被覆電線５
と接続された波板３の一対を積層体２の両外部電極２
１，２２にそれぞれ対面させ、所定位置を保ったまま熱
収縮性チューブ４１を被せて熱風を吹きつけるなどして
加熱すれば、同チューブ４１は収縮して被覆電線５およ
び波板３を積層体２に対して固定保持する。同時に、同
チューブ４１は収縮力により各波板３を各外部電極２
１，２２に押圧付勢する。この際、波板３は、弾性変形
して内部応力を生じ、運用中に上記チューブ４１が多少
緩んでも、スプリングバックして外部電極２１，２２に
当接し続ける。The heat-shrinkable tube 41 is made of heat-shrinkable resin as its name implies. Therefore, the covered electric wire 5
A pair of corrugated plates 3 connected to the two external electrodes 2 of the laminate 2.
1 and 22 are faced to each other, and when the heat-shrinkable tube 41 is covered and heated by blowing hot air while maintaining a predetermined position, the tube 41 shrinks and the covered electric wire 5 and the corrugated plate 3 are laminated. Hold fixed to 2. At the same time, the tube 41 causes each corrugated plate 3 to move to each external electrode 2 due to the contracting force.
1, 22 are pressed and urged. At this time, the corrugated plate 3 is elastically deformed to generate internal stress, and even if the tube 41 is loosened a little during operation, the corrugated plate 3 springs back and continues to contact the external electrodes 21 and 22.

【００２９】（実施例１の作用および効果）本実施例の
積層圧電体は、前述の如く構成されているので、次のよ
うな作用を有する。先ず、二本の被覆電線５に図示しな
い駆動電源から電圧が印加されると、同電圧は電源接続
部分３１を介して二枚の波板３に伝導される。次に、各
波板３からは、積層ブロック１毎の当接部分を接点とし
て、それぞれ第１外部電極２１および第２外部電極２２
に電圧が伝わる。そして、図２に示すように、第１外部
電極２１からは第１内部電極１１へ、第２外部電極２２
からは第２内部電極１２へ電圧が伝導され、積層された
各圧電板１０の両面に電位差が生じる。その結果、電界
による圧電効果で各圧電板１０はその厚みを伸長または
短縮し、積層体２は微小なストロークを調整しうる圧電
アクチュエータとして作用する。(Operation and Effect of Embodiment 1) Since the laminated piezoelectric material of this embodiment is configured as described above, it has the following operation. First, when a voltage is applied to the two covered electric wires 5 from a drive power source (not shown), the same voltage is conducted to the two corrugated plates 3 via the power source connecting portion 31. Next, from each corrugated plate 3, the contact portion of each laminated block 1 is used as a contact, and the first external electrode 21 and the second external electrode 22 are respectively formed.
Voltage is transmitted to. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, from the first outer electrode 21 to the first inner electrode 11, the second outer electrode 22
From the above, a voltage is conducted to the second internal electrode 12, and a potential difference is generated on both surfaces of each laminated piezoelectric plate 10. As a result, each piezoelectric plate 10 expands or shortens its thickness by the piezoelectric effect of the electric field, and the laminated body 2 acts as a piezoelectric actuator capable of adjusting a minute stroke.

【００３０】本発明の積層圧電体が作動するにあたり、
前述の構成は以下のような効果を発揮する。ここでは、
再び図１を参照して説明する。第１に、積層体２の側面
に形成された電極が、積層圧電体の伸縮動作を力学的に
阻害することがなく、駆動効率が良いという利点があ
る。すなわち、積層体２の側面に形成された外部電極２
１，２２は延性に富んだ膜または薄い層なので、積層体
２の伸縮を阻害するほどの反力を生じない。In operating the laminated piezoelectric material of the present invention,
The above-mentioned configuration has the following effects. here,
It will be described with reference to FIG. 1 again. Firstly, there is an advantage that the electrodes formed on the side surfaces of the laminated body 2 do not mechanically hinder the expansion and contraction operation of the laminated piezoelectric body and the driving efficiency is good. That is, the external electrode 2 formed on the side surface of the laminated body 2
Since 1 and 22 are films or thin layers having high ductility, they do not generate a reaction force that hinders expansion and contraction of the laminate 2.

【００３１】また、外部電極２１，２２に当接する波板
３はバネ弾性を持って積層体２の伸縮に追随し、その伸
縮運動を妨げない。したがって、外部電極２１，２２を
磨滅することもない。しかし、万一、伸縮運動を妨げる
ような摩擦剪断力が外部電極２１，２２と波板３との間
の当接部に発生しそうになると、当接部に滑りが生じて
応力を消去するので、波板３が積層体２の伸縮を妨げる
ことはない。Further, the corrugated plate 3 which comes into contact with the external electrodes 21 and 22 has spring elasticity to follow the expansion and contraction of the laminated body 2 and does not hinder the expansion and contraction movement thereof. Therefore, the external electrodes 21 and 22 are not worn away. However, if a frictional shearing force that hinders the expansion and contraction is likely to be generated at the contact portion between the external electrodes 21 and 22 and the corrugated plate 3, the contact portion slips and the stress is erased. The corrugated plate 3 does not hinder the expansion and contraction of the laminate 2.

【００３２】第２に、外部電極２１，２２と波板３との
間で導通不良が起きることは、ほとんどあり得ないとい
う利点がある。すなわち、前述のように外部電極２１，
２２は延性に優れた材料で形成されているので、積層体
２の伸縮によって発生する内部応力は低く、かつ、繰り
返し変位にも良く耐えて、割れ等の発生による導通不良
が生じることはない。同時に、外部電極２１，２２を形
成する材料は、酸化にも強いので、酸化皮膜や錆の発生
による導通不良を起こす心配がない。Secondly, there is an advantage that a poor electrical connection between the external electrodes 21 and 22 and the corrugated plate 3 is unlikely to occur. That is, as described above, the external electrodes 21,
Since 22 is formed of a material having excellent ductility, the internal stress generated by the expansion and contraction of the laminated body 2 is low, and it withstands repeated displacement well, so that conduction failure due to cracking does not occur. At the same time, since the material forming the external electrodes 21 and 22 is resistant to oxidation, there is no fear of causing conduction failure due to the formation of an oxide film or rust.

【００３３】また、熱収縮性チューブ４１に押圧付勢さ
れた波板３のバネ弾性力により、各積層ブロック１毎に
外部電極２１，２２と波板３とは押圧力をもって当接す
るので、両者の間には良好な導通が確保される。同様の
理由で、経年変化等により熱収縮性チューブ４１が緩ん
だ場合にも、外部電極２１，２２と波板３とは押圧力を
もって当接し、導通不良を起こすことはない。Further, the spring elasticity of the corrugated plate 3 pressed against the heat-shrinkable tube 41 causes the external electrodes 21, 22 and the corrugated plate 3 to contact each other in each laminated block 1 with a pressing force. Good conduction is ensured between them. For the same reason, even if the heat-shrinkable tube 41 is loosened due to aging or the like, the external electrodes 21 and 22 and the corrugated plate 3 are brought into contact with each other with a pressing force, and the conduction failure does not occur.

【００３４】さらに、外部電極２１，２２のほぼ全長に
わたって当接電極としての波板３が当接しているので、
外部電極２１，２２に局所的な発熱を起こして同電極が
溶ける等の不具合を起こす可能性が無く、この点でも導
通不良は起こりえない。第３に、駆動電源との接続部付
近で、発熱による導通不良等の不具合を生じることがな
いという利点がある。Furthermore, since the corrugated plate 3 as the contact electrode is in contact with the external electrodes 21 and 22 over substantially the entire length thereof,
There is no possibility of causing local heat generation in the external electrodes 21 and 22 and causing problems such as melting of the electrodes, and in this respect also, poor conduction cannot occur. Thirdly, there is an advantage that a defect such as conduction failure due to heat generation does not occur in the vicinity of the connection portion with the driving power source.

【００３５】すなわち、被覆電線５は十分な広さや幅を
もった電源接続部分３１を介して波板３に接続されてい
るので、波板３に電流の集中が起こらず、集中的な発熱
が起こることはない。加えて、被覆電線５は先端の裸電
線５１で接合金具５０にカシメられて固定されており、
接合金具５０は電源接続部分３１に溶接されているの
で、万一異常な高温に遭遇しても、半田が溶けて脱落す
る等の不具合を生じる可能性がない。That is, since the covered electric wire 5 is connected to the corrugated plate 3 through the power source connecting portion 31 having a sufficient width and width, no electric current is concentrated on the corrugated plate 3 and concentrated heat generation occurs. It won't happen. In addition, the covered electric wire 5 is crimped and fixed to the joint fitting 50 by the bare electric wire 51 at the tip,
Since the joining metal fitting 50 is welded to the power supply connecting portion 31, even if an abnormally high temperature is encountered, there is no possibility that the solder will melt and fall off.

【００３６】本発明の積層圧電体は、以上の効果を運用
時に発揮するほか、製造にあたって発揮される効果も有
する。すなわち、付勢手段として熱収縮性チューブ４１
を使用するので、積層体２に対して外部電極２１，２２
および被覆電線５を固定保持する組み立て工程が極めて
容易になるという利点がある。本実施例の積層圧電体は
以上に列挙した利点を有するので、本発明によれば、製
造容易にして高効率かつ高信頼性の積層圧電体を提供す
ることができる。The laminated piezoelectric material of the present invention not only exhibits the above effects during operation, but also exhibits effects during manufacturing. That is, the heat-shrinkable tube 41 serves as the urging means.
External electrodes 21, 22 with respect to the laminated body 2 because
Further, there is an advantage that the assembly process for fixing and holding the covered electric wire 5 becomes extremely easy. Since the laminated piezoelectric material of the present embodiment has the advantages listed above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a laminated piezoelectric material that is easy to manufacture and has high efficiency and high reliability.

【００３７】（実施例１の変形態様）実施例１の変形態
様としては、様々なものが考えられるが、例えば次の二
つが挙げられる。第１は、波板３の波のピッチが、積層
ブロック１の厚みより短かい変形態様である。この波板
によれば、各積層ブロック１の外部電極２１，２２との
間に一か所以上（もしくは複数）の当接部が確保でき
る。その結果、導通がより確実になると同時に、積層圧
電体２に対する波板の位置合わせが楽になる。また、万
一、外部電極２１，２２に割れが発生した場合にも、複
数箇所で当接導通しているので、導通不良を起こす内部
電極の数を減らして機能低下を最小限に止めることがで
きるという効果もある。(Variations of Embodiment 1) Various variations of the first embodiment are conceivable. For example, the following two are given. The first is a modification in which the wave pitch of the corrugated plate 3 is shorter than the thickness of the laminated block 1. According to this corrugated plate, one or more (or a plurality of) contact portions can be secured between the laminated blocks 1 and the external electrodes 21, 22. As a result, conduction becomes more reliable, and at the same time, the corrugated plate is easily aligned with the laminated piezoelectric body 2. Further, even if a crack occurs in the external electrodes 21 and 22, contact and conduction are made at a plurality of points, so that it is possible to reduce the number of internal electrodes that cause a conduction failure and minimize functional deterioration. There is also an effect that you can.

【００３８】第２は、波板３の波うつ方向を、積層圧電
体２の積層方向に対し直交した方向とした波板である。
複数本の当接部が積層方向に伸び、各積層ブロック１の
外部電極２１，２２に複数箇所の波板との当接部ができ
て、導通がより確実になるという長所がある。また、万
一、外部電極２１，２２に割れが発生した場合にも、割
れは伸縮方向に対して直交して生じるので、導通不良を
起こすことがなくなるという効果もある。The second is a corrugated plate in which the corrugated direction of the corrugated plate 3 is orthogonal to the laminating direction of the laminated piezoelectric substance 2.
The plurality of contact portions extend in the stacking direction, and the outer electrodes 21 and 22 of each stacked block 1 have contact portions with the corrugated plate at a plurality of locations, which has the advantage of more reliable conduction. Further, even if a crack occurs in the external electrodes 21 and 22, the crack will occur at right angles to the expansion and contraction direction, so that there is an effect that a conduction failure will not occur.

【００３９】（実施例２）本実施例の積層圧電体は、図
３に示すように、電源接続部分３１に連続し、積層体２
の一端から突出した一対の電極ピン３２を有することを
特徴とする。電源接続部分３１は、実施例１と同様に波
板３から連続して積層体２の隣接する側面に設けられて
おり、積層体２から突出する電極ピン３は、この電源接
続部分３１に連続して一体に形成されている。(Embodiment 2) As shown in FIG. 3, the laminated piezoelectric material of this embodiment is continuous with the power source connecting portion 31, and the laminated body 2
Is characterized by having a pair of electrode pins 32 protruding from one end. The power source connecting portion 31 is provided on the adjacent side surface of the laminated body 2 continuously from the corrugated plate 3 as in the first embodiment, and the electrode pin 3 protruding from the laminated body 2 is continuous with the power source connecting portion 31. And are integrally formed.

【００４０】電極ピン３２は、図４（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示
すようにして製造される。すなわち先ず、図４（ａ）に
示すように、電極ピン３２を形成する部材が、波板３お
よび電源接続部分３１に連続して板金材から打ち抜かれ
る。しかる後、同部材は丸め加工されて、図４（ａ）お
よび図４（ｃ）に示す形状の電極ピン３２を形成する。The electrode pin 32 is manufactured as shown in FIGS. That is, first, as shown in FIG. 4A, the member forming the electrode pin 32 is stamped from the sheet metal material continuously to the corrugated plate 3 and the power supply connection portion 31. Thereafter, the member is rounded to form the electrode pin 32 having the shape shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (c).

【００４１】電極ピン３２の先端部は、斜めに切り落と
した形状をしており、積層圧電体が装備される装置に設
けられたソケット（図示せず）に挿入される際、ガイド
として作用する。電極ピン３２の丸められて互いに突き
合わされた辺縁部の間には、適当な間隙ｇが空けられて
おり、電極ピン３２が上記ソケットに挿入される際に弾
性変形してソケット孔に嵌合する。そして、電極ピン３
２がソケットに挿入された後は、上記弾性変形によるス
プリングバック力によってソケット内部の電極に押圧力
をもって当接し、確実な導通を得ることができる。The tip portion of the electrode pin 32 has an obliquely cut-off shape and acts as a guide when it is inserted into a socket (not shown) provided in a device equipped with the laminated piezoelectric material. A suitable gap g is provided between the edge portions of the electrode pin 32 which are rounded and abutted against each other, and when the electrode pin 32 is inserted into the socket, it is elastically deformed to fit into the socket hole. To do. And the electrode pin 3
After 2 is inserted into the socket, the spring-back force due to the elastic deformation makes contact with the electrode inside the socket with a pressing force, and reliable conduction can be obtained.

【００４２】本実施例の積層圧電体は、実施例１のもつ
効果に加え、次のような効果を有する。第１に、積層圧
電体が装備される装置に組付ける作業の自動化が容易に
なる。すなわち、再び図３に示すように、自動組み立て
装置のチャックＣを、積層体２側面の電源接続部分３１
の付近に当接させて積層圧電体をつかみ、図示しないソ
ケットに挿入することが可能になる。その際、チャック
Ｃがつかむ電源接続部分３１は、波板３とは別の面にあ
るので、チャックＣにより波板３がつぶされる心配がな
いので、チャックＣの設計および運用が簡便である。The laminated piezoelectric material of this embodiment has the following effects in addition to the effects of the first embodiment. First, it facilitates the automation of the work of assembling the device equipped with the laminated piezoelectric body. That is, as shown in FIG. 3 again, the chuck C of the automatic assembly apparatus is connected to the power source connecting portion 31 on the side surface of the laminate 2.
It is possible to bring the laminated piezoelectric material into contact with the vicinity of and to insert it into a socket (not shown). At that time, since the power supply connecting portion 31 grasped by the chuck C is on a surface different from the corrugated plate 3, there is no concern that the corrugated plate 3 is crushed by the chuck C, so that the design and operation of the chuck C are simple.

【００４３】第２に、カシメ部分も溶接部分もないの
で、製造工数も部品点数も少なくて済み、積層圧電体を
より安価に提供することが可能になる。第３に、リード
線が積層圧電体に直接には接続されていないので、積層
圧電体の交換が極めて容易になる。すなわち、なんらか
の理由で積層圧電体を交換する場合、装着された積層圧
電体をソケットから引き抜き、別の積層圧電体をソケッ
トに挿入するだけで交換でき、交換作業のワンタッチ化
が可能になる。Secondly, since there is neither a crimped part nor a welded part, the number of manufacturing steps and the number of parts can be reduced, and the laminated piezoelectric material can be provided at a lower cost. Thirdly, since the lead wire is not directly connected to the laminated piezoelectric body, replacement of the laminated piezoelectric body becomes extremely easy. That is, when the laminated piezoelectric body is replaced for some reason, it can be replaced by simply pulling out the mounted laminated piezoelectric body from the socket and inserting another laminated piezoelectric body into the socket, which enables one-touch replacement work.

【００４４】以上のように、本実施例の積層圧電体によ
れば、実施例１の持つ効果に加え、組付け作業および交
換作業が極めて簡便になり、その自動化が容易になると
いう利点がある。 （実施例３）本実施例は、実施例２の変形態様とも言う
べき積層圧電体であって、積層体２の一端から突出した
電極ピン３２が、当接電極としての波板３から同一側面
上に延伸する板金材によって形成されていることを特徴
とする。As described above, according to the laminated piezoelectric material of the present embodiment, in addition to the effect of the first embodiment, there is an advantage that the assembling work and the replacing work become extremely simple and the automation thereof becomes easy. . (Embodiment 3) This embodiment is a laminated piezoelectric body which should be called a modification of the embodiment 2, in which the electrode pin 32 protruding from one end of the laminated body 2 is on the same side surface as the corrugated plate 3 as the contact electrode. It is characterized by being formed by a sheet metal material extending upward.

【００４５】すなわち、図５（ａ）および図５（ｂ）に
示すように、波板３の図中下端には、実施例２で言及し
たチャックにつかまれるべき張出部３ｃが、ダミーブロ
ック９の側面に接して設けられている。そして、さらに
下には、積層体２の図中下端から突出する電極ピン３２
が、波板３から連続して一体に形成されている。電極ピ
ン３２は、実施例２と同様に、斜めに切り落とした形状
の先端部およびギャップｇが形成されているほか、新た
に全体の形状が先細のテーパー形状をしており、ソケッ
トへの挿入がより容易にされている。電極ピン３２にテ
ーパー形状を取り入れても、積層圧電体は常に積層方向
に押圧力を掛けて使われるのが通常であるので、電極ピ
ン３２のバネ弾性力によって積層圧電体が自然にソケッ
トから脱落する恐れはない。That is, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), at the lower end of the corrugated plate 3 in the drawing, an overhanging portion 3c to be gripped by the chuck mentioned in the second embodiment is provided as a dummy block. 9 is provided in contact with the side surface. Further, further below, the electrode pins 32 protruding from the lower end of the laminated body 2 in the figure.
However, the corrugated plate 3 is continuously and integrally formed. Similar to the second embodiment, the electrode pin 32 has a tip portion and a gap g that are obliquely cut off, and has a new tapered overall shape so that it cannot be inserted into a socket. Has been made easier. Even if the electrode pin 32 has a tapered shape, the laminated piezoelectric body is normally used by applying a pressing force in the laminating direction, so that the laminated elastic body is naturally detached from the socket by the spring elasticity of the electrode pin 32. There is no fear of doing it.

【００４６】本実施例の積層圧電体は、前述の実施例２
の効果に加えて、波板３から直接連続して電極ピン３２
が形成されているので、材料費および加工費がより低減
されてコストダウンが可能になるという効果も有する。 （実施例４）本実施例の積層圧電体は、図６（ａ）に示
すように、当接電極として一対の導電性の平板３３を用
い、また、平板３３を外部電極２１，２２との間に挟持
する付勢手段にシリコンゴム製のチューブ４３を用いた
点で、前述の各実施例と異なっている。平板３３は、銅
合金を材料とし外部電極２１，２２と当接する側面に金
メッキを施した、比較的柔軟な薄板である。そして、平
板３３の端部３ａは、積層体２がソケットＢに当接する
一端でめくれ上がっている。The laminated piezoelectric material of this embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment.
In addition to the effect of the
Since this is formed, there is also an effect that the material cost and the processing cost are further reduced and the cost can be reduced. (Embodiment 4) As shown in FIG. 6A, the laminated piezoelectric material of this embodiment uses a pair of conductive flat plates 33 as contact electrodes, and the flat plates 33 are connected to the external electrodes 21 and 22. It differs from each of the above-described embodiments in that a silicon rubber tube 43 is used as the biasing means sandwiched between the tubes. The flat plate 33 is a relatively flexible thin plate made of a copper alloy and having a side surface that contacts the external electrodes 21 and 22 plated with gold. The end 3a of the flat plate 33 is turned up at one end where the laminated body 2 contacts the socket B.

【００４７】積層体２からめくれ上がった平板３３の端
部３ａは、積層圧電体をソケットＢに装着するにあた
り、ソケットＢから突出した一対の電極板Ｐを、それぞ
れ外部電極２１，２２と平板３３との間に導入するガイ
ドの役割を果たす。電極板Ｐは、挫屈しない程度の剛性
とバネ弾性を持った導電性の板で、外部電極２１，２２
および平板３３を傷めないよう丸みを持った先端を有す
る。電極板Ｂの幅は、平板３３とほぼ同一に設定されて
おり、平板３３および外部電極２１，２２と当接する表
面には、金合金のメッキが施されて導電性と耐蝕性が満
足されている。When mounting the laminated piezoelectric material in the socket B, the end portion 3a of the flat plate 33 which is flipped up from the laminated body 2 includes a pair of electrode plates P protruding from the socket B, the external electrodes 21 and 22 and the flat plate 33, respectively. Act as a guide to be introduced between and. The electrode plate P is a conductive plate having rigidity and spring elasticity that do not cause buckling, and the external electrodes 21 and 22.
And has a rounded tip so as not to damage the flat plate 33. The width of the electrode plate B is set to be substantially the same as that of the flat plate 33, and the surface contacting the flat plate 33 and the external electrodes 21 and 22 is plated with a gold alloy to satisfy the conductivity and the corrosion resistance. There is.

【００４８】したがって、積層圧電体をソケットＢに装
着すると、図６（ａ）から図６（ｂ）へ示す状態へ移行
し、一対の電極板Ｐは、積層体２と平板３３との間に当
接挟持される。その際、チューブ４３がそのゴム弾性力
により平板３３を外周面から締めつけるので、平板３３
は押圧力をもって電極板Ｐに当接し、また、平板３３が
柔軟に変形することにより、極めて良好な導通が確保さ
れる。Therefore, when the laminated piezoelectric body is attached to the socket B, the state shown in FIG. 6A is changed to the state shown in FIG. 6B, and the pair of electrode plates P are disposed between the laminated body 2 and the flat plate 33. Abutted and pinched. At that time, since the tube 43 clamps the flat plate 33 from the outer peripheral surface by its rubber elastic force, the flat plate 33
Is pressed against the electrode plate P with a pressing force, and the flat plate 33 is flexibly deformed, so that extremely good conduction is secured.

【００４９】また、ソケットＢ上では、図６（ｂ）の紙
面に対し積層圧電体の左右方向の位置は、一対の電極板
Ｐによって固定される。一方、紙面に対して垂直な前後
方向の位置は、ソケットＢ上に設けられた図示しない一
対の突起がダミーブロック９の前後の側面に当接してこ
れを固定する。逆に、積層圧電体をソケットＢから抜き
さると、図６（ｂ）から図６（ａ）へ示す状態へ移行し
て、積層圧電体は元の状態に戻る。したがって、本実施
例の積層圧電体は、着脱自在であって、極めて都合がよ
い。On the socket B, the position of the laminated piezoelectric body in the left-right direction with respect to the paper surface of FIG. 6B is fixed by a pair of electrode plates P. On the other hand, at a position in the front-rear direction perpendicular to the paper surface, a pair of protrusions (not shown) provided on the socket B abut on the front and rear side faces of the dummy block 9 to fix it. On the contrary, when the laminated piezoelectric material is removed from the socket B, the state shown in FIG. 6B is changed to the state shown in FIG. 6A and the laminated piezoelectric material returns to the original state. Therefore, the laminated piezoelectric material of this embodiment is detachable and extremely convenient.

【００５０】以上詳述したように、本実施例の積層圧電
体は、前述の各実施例の長所を持つ上に、より安価に積
層圧電体を製造できるという利点と、電極ピンが挫屈を
起こす恐れなしにソケットに着脱できるという利点とを
併せ持つ。 （実施例４の変形態様）本実施例の積層圧電体について
も、幾つかの変形態様があるが、そのうち代表的なもの
をここに記す。As described in detail above, the laminated piezoelectric material of this embodiment has the advantages of the above-described respective embodiments, and has the advantage that the laminated piezoelectric material can be manufactured at a lower cost and the electrode pins are not buckled. It also has the advantage that it can be attached to and detached from the socket without fear of causing it. (Modifications of Embodiment 4) There are several modifications of the laminated piezoelectric material of this embodiment, of which typical ones will be described here.

【００５１】第１の変形態様は、一対の平板３３を積層
体２の一端面をなすダミーブロック９の表面に沿って、
内側に互いに対向して折り込んだ積層圧電体である。一
対の平板３３の折り込み部に対向して、ソケットＢにも
積層圧電体との当接面上に一対の電極が設けられてお
り、積層圧電体に掛かる圧縮荷重を利用して良好な導通
が得られる。別案として、逆に一対の平板３３の端部３
ａは、互いに背向して左右両側に張り出しており、その
バネ弾性によりソケットＢの積層体２との当接部の両翼
に設けられた電極と当接して導通を得るという構成も成
り立つ。本変形態様によれば、ソケットＢの構成がより
簡単かつ堅牢になるという利点がある。In the first modification, a pair of flat plates 33 are provided along the surface of the dummy block 9 forming one end surface of the laminate 2.
It is a laminated piezoelectric material that is folded inside so as to face each other. The socket B is also provided with a pair of electrodes on the contact surface with the laminated piezoelectric body so as to face the folded portions of the pair of flat plates 33, and good conduction is achieved by utilizing the compression load applied to the laminated piezoelectric body. can get. Alternatively, conversely, the end portions 3 of the pair of flat plates 33 may be reversed.
Also, a is formed so as to extend from the left and right sides opposite to each other, and by its spring elasticity, it contacts the electrodes provided on both wings of the contact portion of the socket B with the laminated body 2 to obtain conduction. According to this modification, there is an advantage that the structure of the socket B becomes simpler and more robust.

【００５２】第２の変形態様は、平板３３はソケットＢ
に対向する端部３ａに至るまで平らな平板で形成され、
ゴムチューブ４３の端部は、ソケットＢから突出した電
極板Ｐの長さの分だけ積層体２の一端から離れている積
層圧電体である。ここで、平板３３の端部３ａは、ダミ
ーブロック９の側面に接着等で固定されている。上記積
層圧電体が嵌合するソケットＢは、積層圧電体との当接
面から突出した一対の電極板Ｐ有する。電極板Ｐの互い
に対向する内側面は、付け根部で平板３３の形成する積
層圧電体の両側面より僅かに広い間隔を隔てて設けら
れ、電極板Ｐの中間部は積層圧電体の両側面より幾らか
狭い間隔を隔てて設けられている。そして、電極板Ｐの
先端部は、互いに外側に開いて積層圧電体の挿入を容易
にしている。In the second modification, the flat plate 33 is the socket B.
Is formed of a flat plate up to the end 3a facing the
The end portion of the rubber tube 43 is a laminated piezoelectric body separated from one end of the laminated body 2 by the length of the electrode plate P protruding from the socket B. Here, the end portion 3a of the flat plate 33 is fixed to the side surface of the dummy block 9 by adhesion or the like. The socket B into which the laminated piezoelectric body is fitted has a pair of electrode plates P protruding from the contact surface with the laminated piezoelectric body. Inner side surfaces of the electrode plate P facing each other are provided at the base portions with a space slightly wider than both side surfaces of the laminated piezoelectric body formed by the flat plate 33, and an intermediate portion of the electrode plate P is formed from both side surfaces of the laminated piezoelectric body. It is provided with some narrow spacing. The tip portions of the electrode plate P are opened to the outside to facilitate the insertion of the laminated piezoelectric material.

【００５３】その結果、積層圧電体がソケットＢに挿入
されると、電極板Ｐはバネ弾性力により押圧力をもって
積層圧電体の両側面に露出した平板３３の外周面に当接
し、両者の間に良好な導通が得られる。したがって、本
変形態様によれば、実施例４に勝って安価で堅牢かつシ
ンプルな積層圧電体を提供することができる。また、平
板３３が変形しないで済むので、極めて頻繁な着脱の繰
り返しにもよく耐え得るという利点もある。As a result, when the laminated piezoelectric material is inserted into the socket B, the electrode plate P abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the flat plate 33 exposed on both side surfaces of the laminated piezoelectric material with a pressing force by the spring elastic force, and between the both. Good conduction is obtained. Therefore, according to this modification, it is possible to provide an inexpensive, robust, and simple laminated piezoelectric body that is superior to the fourth embodiment. Further, since the flat plate 33 does not have to be deformed, there is also an advantage that it can endure very frequently repeated attachment and detachment.

【００５４】なお、前述の実施例４およびその変形態様
の積層圧電体において、平板３３の代わりに波板を用い
ることも可能である。 （実施例５）本実施例の積層圧電体は、図７（ａ）およ
び図７（ｂ）に示すように、当接電極としての波板３の
一端部が、波板３の当接部分を覆う熱収縮性チューブ４
１の外周面上に折り返されてリード線接続部３ｂを形成
していることを特徴とする。接続部３ｂには、リード線
５先端の裸導線５１が接合される溶接部６があり、リー
ド線５と波板３との間には良好な導通が確保される。そ
して、ダミーブロック９から接続部３ｂを越えてリード
線５の一部に至るまでの部分が、もう一つの熱収縮性チ
ューブ４１で覆われ、周囲の環境から隔離されるととも
に良好に絶縁されている。It should be noted that in the laminated piezoelectric material of the above-mentioned fourth embodiment and its modification, it is possible to use a corrugated plate instead of the flat plate 33. (Embodiment 5) In the laminated piezoelectric material of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), one end of the corrugated plate 3 as the contact electrode is the contact portion of the corrugated plate 3. Heat shrinkable tube 4 covering
The lead wire connecting portion 3b is formed by being folded back on the outer peripheral surface of the lead wire 1. The connecting portion 3b has the welded portion 6 to which the bare conductive wire 51 at the tip of the lead wire 5 is joined, and good conduction is secured between the lead wire 5 and the corrugated plate 3. The part from the dummy block 9 to the part of the lead wire 5 beyond the connecting part 3b is covered with another heat-shrinkable tube 41, which is isolated from the surrounding environment and well insulated. There is.

【００５５】本実施例の積層圧電体では、実施例１の効
果に加えて、積層圧電体の中間部分からリード線５を引
き出せるので、積層圧電体の両端に当接する部分の装置
設計が容易になるという利点がある。また、リード線５
と接続部３ｂの接合部は溶接であるので、半田付けのよ
うに熱で溶けて導通不良を起こす心配がないという利点
もある。さらに、溶接部６がある程度の広がりを持って
いるので、電流の集中による局部的な異常発熱を起こし
にくいという利点もある。In addition to the effect of the first embodiment, the lead wire 5 can be pulled out from the intermediate portion of the first embodiment of the laminated piezoelectric body of the present embodiment, so that the device design of the portion contacting both ends of the laminated piezoelectric body can be facilitated. Has the advantage that Also, the lead wire 5
Since the joint between the connection portion 3b and the connection portion 3b is welded, there is also an advantage that there is no fear of melting due to heat and causing a conduction failure unlike in soldering. Further, since the welded portion 6 has a certain degree of spread, there is an advantage that local abnormal heat generation due to the concentration of current is unlikely to occur.

【００５６】（実施例６）本実施例の積層圧電体は、図
８に示すように、当接電極としての一対の平板３３と、
平板３３を外部電極２１，２２に押圧付勢するシリコン
ゴム製のチューブ４３とを有することを特徴とする。平
板３３は、外部電極２１，２２の全長に渡って設けられ
た良導体の板で、その一端には、リード線５先端の裸導
線５１が溶接されている。ゴムチューブ４３は、平板３
３およびこれに溶接されたリード線５の一部を覆い、積
層体２の両端のダミーブロック９にまで掛かって、電極
部分を周囲から絶縁するとともに、錆の発生も防いでい
る。(Embodiment 6) The laminated piezoelectric material of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, has a pair of flat plates 33 as contact electrodes,
It has a tube 43 made of silicon rubber that presses and urges the flat plate 33 against the external electrodes 21 and 22. The flat plate 33 is a good conductor plate provided over the entire length of the external electrodes 21 and 22, and a bare conductor wire 51 at the tip of the lead wire 5 is welded to one end thereof. The rubber tube 43 is the flat plate 3
3 and a part of the lead wire 5 welded to the wire 3 and the dummy wires 9 are hung on both ends of the laminated body 2 to insulate the electrode portion from the surroundings and prevent rusting.

【００５７】本実施例によれば、積層圧電体自体が極め
て安価に製造できるばかりでなく、ソケットなどの電気
的接合部分を装置側に設ける必要が無いので、積層圧電
体を装備した装置全体としてコストダウンが図れるとい
う利点がある。 （実施例７）本実施例の積層圧電体は、図９に示すよう
に、実施例６の平板３３に代えて導電性のメッシュ材３
４を当接電極に用いた点に特徴がある。According to the present embodiment, not only the laminated piezoelectric material itself can be manufactured extremely inexpensively, but also it is not necessary to provide an electrical joint portion such as a socket on the device side. There is an advantage that the cost can be reduced. (Embodiment 7) As shown in FIG. 9, the laminated piezoelectric material of this embodiment has a conductive mesh material 3 instead of the flat plate 33 of Embodiment 6.
The feature is that 4 is used as the contact electrode.

【００５８】メッシュ材３４の目は、積層体２の伸縮方
向に対して斜行しているので、メッシュ材３４は積層体
２の伸縮運動を妨げること無くこれに追随でき、駆動効
率が良い。また、同様の理由で、メッシュ材３４と外部
電極２１，２２との間に摩擦が生じないので、外部電極
２１，２２が摩耗することがない。さらに、メッシュ材
３４と外部電極２１，２２との間の接触点が多く、かつ
メッシュ材３４を構成する繊維が微視的にバネ弾性をも
って外部電極２１，２２に当接しているので、両者の間
の導通性は極めて良好である。Since the mesh members 34 are skewed with respect to the expansion / contraction direction of the laminate 2, the mesh member 34 can follow the expansion / contraction movement of the laminate 2 without hindering it, and the driving efficiency is good. Further, for the same reason, friction does not occur between the mesh material 34 and the external electrodes 21 and 22, so that the external electrodes 21 and 22 do not wear. Furthermore, since there are many contact points between the mesh material 34 and the external electrodes 21 and 22, and the fibers forming the mesh material 34 microscopically contact the external electrodes 21 and 22 with spring elasticity, both The conductivity between them is very good.

【００５９】したがって、本実施例によれば、実施例６
が持つ利点に加えて、駆動効率および導通性の向上とい
う効果が発揮される。 （実施例８）本実施例の積層圧電体は、図１０に示すよ
うに、当接電極としてリード線５先端の裸導線５１を用
いた点に特徴がある。すなわち、積層体２両端のダミー
ブロック９に跨がるのに足りるだけリード線５の被覆が
剥がされ、裸導線５１が外部電極２１，２２の全長にわ
たって当接している。これらをゴムチューブ４３が被覆
絶縁し、裸導線５１を外部電極２１，２２に押圧付勢し
ている点は、前述の実施例６および実施例７と同様であ
る。Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the sixth embodiment
In addition to the advantages of, the driving efficiency and conductivity are improved. (Embodiment 8) As shown in FIG. 10, the laminated piezoelectric material of this embodiment is characterized in that a bare conducting wire 51 at the tip of the lead wire 5 is used as a contact electrode. That is, the coating of the lead wire 5 is peeled off enough to straddle the dummy blocks 9 at both ends of the stacked body 2, and the bare conductive wire 51 is in contact with the entire length of the external electrodes 21 and 22. The rubber tube 43 covers and insulates these, and the bare conductor 51 is pressed against the external electrodes 21 and 22 in the same manner as in the sixth and seventh embodiments.

【００６０】本実施例の積層圧電体によれば、他の実施
例に比べ、リード線５と当接電極との間の接合部が無い
ので、接合部における断線・剥離等の導通不良や、電解
腐食・劣化などの不具合が起きえないという利点があ
る。それに加えて、構成要素が最もシンプルで信頼性が
高く、極めて安価に積層圧電体を提供することができる
という利点をも有する。According to the laminated piezoelectric material of this embodiment, as compared with the other embodiments, there is no joint between the lead wire 5 and the contact electrode, so that there is no conduction failure such as disconnection or peeling at the joint. This has the advantage that problems such as electrolytic corrosion and deterioration cannot occur. In addition to that, it has the advantages that the constituent elements are the simplest, the reliability is high, and the laminated piezoelectric material can be provided at an extremely low cost.

【００６１】（実施例８の変形態様）本実施例の変形態
様として、当接電極である裸導線５１が複数の細い導線
にほぐされ、外部電極２１，２２の各々のほぼ全面にわ
たって張り巡らされた積層圧電体の構成が可能である。
本変形態様では、より確実な導通が得られると同時に、
局所的な発熱を防ぐことができるという利点が、新たに
生じる。(Modification of Embodiment 8) As a modification of this embodiment, the bare conductive wire 51, which is the contact electrode, is loosened into a plurality of thin conductive wires, and the external electrodes 21 and 22 are stretched over substantially the entire surface of each of them. It is possible to construct a laminated piezoelectric material.
In this modified mode, at the same time as more reliable conduction is obtained,
A new advantage is that local heat generation can be prevented.

【００６２】また、裸導線５１が細かく屈曲した形状に
形成された変形態様も可能である。本変形態様では、積
層体２の伸縮運動に屈曲した裸電線５１が追随して伸縮
するので、裸導線５１と外部電極２１，２２との間で摩
擦が生じることがない。したがって、摩耗による裸電線
５１の断線や外部電極２１，２２の損耗が起こらないの
で、より高い信頼性と、より長い運用寿命とが得られる
という利点がある。Further, a modification in which the bare conductive wire 51 is formed in a finely bent shape is also possible. In this modification, since the bare electric wire 51 bent by the expansion and contraction movement of the laminated body 2 follows and expands and contracts, friction does not occur between the bare conductive wire 51 and the external electrodes 21 and 22. Therefore, the bare wire 51 is not broken and the external electrodes 21 and 22 are not damaged due to abrasion, and thus there is an advantage that higher reliability and a longer operating life can be obtained.

【００６３】（その他の変形態様）以上の各実施例およ
びその変形態様としての積層圧電体において、当接電極
と付勢手段との間に介在するスペーサを設けた構成も可
能である。スペーサが、付勢手段を外周側へ突出させる
ので、付勢手段がより大きな力で当接電極を外部電極に
押圧付勢することができ、外部電極と当接電極の間でよ
りよい導通が得られるという効果がある。(Other Modifications) In each of the above-described embodiments and the modification thereof, the laminated piezoelectric body may be provided with a spacer interposed between the contact electrode and the biasing means. Since the spacer causes the biasing means to project to the outer peripheral side, the biasing means can bias the contact electrode against the external electrode with a larger force, thereby providing better conduction between the external electrode and the contact electrode. It has the effect of being obtained.

【００６４】例えば、断面が半月状のシリコンゴムで形
成されてたスペーサが、当接電極の長さに渡って当接電
極と付勢手段との間に介在すると、当接電極と外部電極
との間の接触不良が防止される。すなわち、当接電極と
外部電極との間に多少の凸凹等による隙間ができても、
スペーサのゴム弾性力を介して均等かつ強力に当接電極
が押圧付勢されるので、上記隙間は潰されて電気的な接
触が保たれる。したがって、当接電極と外部電極との間
の導通がより確実なものとなる。For example, when a spacer made of silicon rubber having a half-moon-shaped cross section is interposed between the contact electrode and the biasing means over the length of the contact electrode, the contact electrode and the external electrode are separated from each other. Poor contact between the two is prevented. That is, even if a gap due to some unevenness is formed between the contact electrode and the external electrode,
Since the contact electrode is uniformly and strongly pressed by the rubber elastic force of the spacer, the gap is crushed and the electrical contact is maintained. Therefore, the conduction between the contact electrode and the external electrode becomes more reliable.

【００６５】あるいは、銅製の棒または銅パイプなどの
良導体で形成されたスペーサが、当接電極の長さに渡っ
て当接電極と付勢手段との間に介在すると、仮に当接電
極の一部に亀裂が入るなどしても導通不良は回避され
る。すなわち、良導体のスペーサが当接電極の外側面に
当接しているので、スペーサをバイパスにして当接電極
に流れるべき電流が流れるので、当接電極自体の導通不
良による不具合を回避することが可能になる。Alternatively, if a spacer made of a good conductor such as a copper rod or a copper pipe is interposed between the contact electrode and the urging means over the length of the contact electrode, it is assumed that the contact electrode is Even if there is a crack in the part, poor conduction can be avoided. That is, since the spacer made of a good conductor is in contact with the outer surface of the contact electrode, the spacer should be bypassed, and the current that should flow to the contact electrode will flow, so it is possible to avoid problems due to poor conduction of the contact electrode itself. become.

【００６６】このように、スペーサを当接電極と付勢手
段との間に有する構成の積層圧電体は、より確実な導通
を得ることができ、有益である。As described above, the laminated piezoelectric material having the spacer between the contact electrode and the urging means is useful because more reliable conduction can be obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】 本発明の実施例１としての積層圧電体の構成
を示す組図 （ａ）一部断面正面図 （ｂ）一部断面側面図FIG. 1 is an assembly view showing a structure of a laminated piezoelectric material as Example 1 of the present invention (a) a partially sectional front view (b) a partially sectional side view

【図２】 積層ブロックの垂直断面図FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a laminated block.

【図３】 実施例２の構成と組付け方法を示す一部断面
正面図FIG. 3 is a partial sectional front view showing a configuration and an assembling method of a second embodiment.

【図４】 実施例２の電極ピンの製造方法と形状を示す
組図 （ａ）丸め加工前の打ち抜き板を示す平面図 （ｂ）丸め加工後の電極ピン形状を示す正面図 （ｃ）丸め加工後の電極ピン形状を示す下面図FIG. 4 is an assembly diagram showing a manufacturing method and a shape of an electrode pin of Example 2 (a) A plan view showing a punched plate before rounding (b) A front view showing an electrode pin shape after rounding (c) Rounding Bottom view showing the shape of the electrode pin after processing

【図５】 実施例３の構成をしめす組図 （ａ）一部断面正面図 （ｂ）一部断面側面図FIG. 5 is an assembly view showing the configuration of the third embodiment. (A) Partial sectional front view (b) Partial sectional side view

【図６】 実施例４の構成と組付け方法を示す一部断面
正面図 （ａ）組付け前の状態を示す正断面図 （ｂ）組付け後の状態を示す正断面図FIG. 6 is a partial sectional front view showing a configuration and an assembling method according to a fourth embodiment. (A) A front sectional view showing a state before assembling (b) A front sectional view showing a state after assembling

【図７】 実施例５としての積層圧電体の構成を示す組
図 （ａ）一部断面正面図 （ｂ）一部断面側面図FIG. 7 is an assembly view showing a structure of a laminated piezoelectric material as Example 5 (a) Partial sectional front view (b) Partial sectional side view

【図８】 実施例６としての積層圧電体の構成を示す一
部断面側面図FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing the configuration of a laminated piezoelectric material as Example 6.

【図９】 実施例７としての積層圧電体の構成を示す一
部断面側面図FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing the configuration of a laminated piezoelectric material as Example 7.

【図１０】実施例８としての積層圧電体の構成を示す一
部断面側面図FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing the structure of a laminated piezoelectric material as Example 8.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１：積層ブロック １０：圧電板 １１：第１内部電極 １
２：第２内部電極 ２：積層体 ２１：第１外部電極 ２
２：第２外部電極 ３：波板（当接電極） ３１：電源接続部分 ３
２：電極ピン ３３：平板（当接電極） ３４：メッシュ材（当接電
極） ４０：ケース（付勢手段） ４１，４２：熱収縮性チュ
ーブ（付勢手段） ４３：ゴム製のチューブ（付勢手段） ５：被覆電線（リード線） ９：ダミーブロック1: Laminated block 10: Piezoelectric plate 11: First internal electrode 1
2: Second internal electrode 2: Laminated body 21: First external electrode 2
2: Second external electrode 3: Corrugated plate (contact electrode) 31: Power connection part 3
2: Electrode pin 33: Flat plate (contact electrode) 34: Mesh material (contact electrode) 40: Case (biasing means) 41, 42: Heat-shrinkable tube (biasing means) 43: Rubber tube (with) 5: Coated electric wire (lead wire) 9: Dummy block

Claims (9)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 厚み方向に積層された複数の圧電板と、 該圧電板の間に交互に挿置された第１内部電極および第
２内部電極と、 該第１内部電極に導通し該圧電板の一側面を覆う第１外
部電極と、 該第２内部電極に導通し該圧電板の他の一側面を覆う第
２外部電極と、 該圧電板の積層方向に沿うほぼ全長にわたり該第１外部
電極および該第２電極にそれぞれ当接する二つの当接電
極と、 各該外部電極とで各該当接電極を挟持する絶縁性の付勢
手段と、を有することを特徴とする積層圧電体。1. A plurality of piezoelectric plates laminated in the thickness direction, first internal electrodes and second internal electrodes alternately inserted between the piezoelectric plates, and a piezoelectric plate electrically connected to the first internal electrodes. A first external electrode covering one side surface, a second external electrode conducting to the second internal electrode and covering the other side surface of the piezoelectric plate, and the first external electrode over substantially the entire length of the piezoelectric plate in the stacking direction. And a two-contact electrode that contacts each of the second electrodes, and an insulating urging means that sandwiches each contact electrode with each of the external electrodes. 【請求項２】 前記当接電極は、導電性板である請求項
１記載の積層圧電体。2. The laminated piezoelectric body according to claim 1, wherein the contact electrode is a conductive plate. 【請求項３】 前記導電性板は、弾性材で形成された波
板である請求項２記載の積層圧電体。3. The laminated piezoelectric body according to claim 2, wherein the conductive plate is a corrugated plate made of an elastic material. 【請求項４】 前記導電性板は、該当接電極が前記外部
電極に当接する前記圧電板の側面に隣接する該圧電板の
側面に延伸する電源接続部分を有する請求項２記載の積
層圧電体。4. The laminated piezoelectric body according to claim 2, wherein the conductive plate has a power supply connecting portion extending to a side surface of the piezoelectric plate adjacent to a side surface of the piezoelectric plate where the corresponding contact electrode is in contact with the external electrode. . 【請求項５】 前記導電性板は、前記圧電板の前記積層
方向の一端から突出した電極ピンをもつ請求項２記載の
積層圧電体。5. The laminated piezoelectric body according to claim 2, wherein the conductive plate has an electrode pin protruding from one end of the piezoelectric plate in the stacking direction. 【請求項６】 前記付勢手段は、前記当接電極を外周か
ら覆う樹脂製のケースである請求項１記載の積層圧電
体。6. The laminated piezoelectric body according to claim 1, wherein the biasing means is a resin case that covers the contact electrode from the outer periphery. 【請求項７】 前記ケースは、熱収縮性チューブで形成
される請求項６記載の積層圧電体。7. The laminated piezoelectric body according to claim 6, wherein the case is formed of a heat-shrinkable tube. 【請求項８】 前記付勢手段は、前記当接電極を外周か
ら覆うゴム製のチューブである請求項１記載の積層圧電
体。8. The laminated piezoelectric body according to claim 1, wherein the biasing means is a rubber tube that covers the contact electrode from the outer periphery. 【請求項９】 前記当接電極は、導電性のメッシュ材で
ある請求項１記載の積層圧電体。9. The laminated piezoelectric body according to claim 1, wherein the contact electrode is a conductive mesh material.