JPH08156819A - Clutch steering type working vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To develop tuning configurations in a simple transmitting structure by providing a case control mechanism in which large differential gears are connected to right and left driving axles and by which the variably controllable rotation of a differential case to pivotally support small differential gears is allowed. CONSTITUTION: A differential gear 6 is provided in a case control mechanism A in which right and left driving axles 7L, 7R are connected to a pair of large differential gears 6a, 6b, respectively, and by which the variably controllable rotation of a differential case 6a to pivotally support small differential gears 6b, 6b is allowed. The case control mechanism A has an orifice 14 which can be steered by a steering lever 11. That means, the resistance value of the variable orifice 14 is changed and set by the tilting operation of the steering lever 11 to selectively adjust the drive resistance of an oil pump 12 so that the differential case 6c can be set with non-stage operation from a completely rotated condition to a completely fixed condition.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、片側に３個以上の駆動
車輪を配置した多輪型走行装置やクローラ走行装置を備
え、片側のサイドクラッチを切ることによって操向する
ようにしたクラッチ操向型作業車に係り、詳しくは、簡
素な伝動構造としながらも緩旋回から超信地旋回までの
旋回状態を無理無く現出可能な技術に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention includes a multi-wheel type traveling device in which three or more drive wheels are arranged on one side and a crawler traveling device, and the clutch is operated by disengaging a side clutch on one side. The present invention relates to a directional work vehicle, and more particularly, to a technology capable of displaying a turning state from a gentle turn to a super turning turn without difficulty even with a simple transmission structure.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】クラッチ操向型作業車としては、実開昭
６１‐１５２５２７号公報に示された運搬車や、特開平
６‐９９８４２号公報に示されたコンバイン等がある。
これらの作業車では、左右一対のサイドクラッチと左右
一対のサイドブレーキ、及び正逆転機構を備えることに
より、一方の走行装置を自由回転状態にする緩旋回、一
方の走行装置を停止させるブレーキ旋回（信地旋回）、
及び、一方の走行装置を他方の走行装置とは反対方向に
駆動させる急旋回（超信地旋回）の各旋回形態が現出で
きるように構成されていた。2. Description of the Related Art As a clutch steering type working vehicle, there is a carrier shown in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-152527, a combine shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-99842, and the like.
These work vehicles are provided with a pair of left and right side clutches, a pair of left and right side brakes, and a forward / reverse rotation mechanism so that one of the traveling devices can freely rotate and the one of the traveling devices can be stopped by a brake rotation ( Turn around)
Further, it is configured such that each of the turning forms of a sudden turn (a super turning turn) in which one running device is driven in the opposite direction to the other running device can appear.

【０００３】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】例えば、前記後者の公
報に示された技術では、サイドクラッチやサイドブレー
キ等の機構を連係作動させる工夫により、１本の操作レ
バーによって上記の各旋回形態を順序良く現出できるよ
う構成されてはいるが、その割には伝動構造が複雑であ
り、改善の余地があるように思える。本発明の目的は、
上記各旋回形態をシンプルな伝動構造で現出できるよう
にする点にある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION For example, in the technique disclosed in the latter publication, one turning lever is used to sequence the above-mentioned turning forms by devising a mechanism such as a side clutch and a side brake to operate in a linked manner. Although it is configured so that it can appear well, the transmission structure is complicated for that, and there seems to be room for improvement. The purpose of the present invention is to
The point is that each of the above-mentioned turning forms can be realized by a simple transmission structure.

【０００４】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的の達成のために
本発明は、左右の駆動車軸夫々に対するサイドクラッチ
を備えたクラッチ操向型作業車において、左右の駆動車
軸が一対の差動大歯車夫々に連結される状態の差動装置
を設けるとともに、差動小歯車を支承する差動ケースの
回転を可変制動可能なケース制動機構を設けてあること
を特徴とするものである。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a clutch steering type working vehicle having a side clutch for each of the left and right drive axles, and a differential gear having a pair of left and right drive axles. It is characterized in that a differential device in a state of being connected to each of them is provided, and a case braking mechanism capable of variably braking rotation of a differential case supporting the differential small gear is provided.

【０００５】[0005]

【作用】上記構成によると、詳しくは実施例で説明する
が、一方のサイドクラッチを切った状態で、ケース制動
機構の制動力を可変調節することにより、下記のような
操向状態が可能になる。 差動ケースを完全停止させると、サイドクラッチ切
り側の走行装置がサイドクラッチ入り側の走行装置と反
対方向に同速度で駆動されることになり、その場で旋回
する急旋回（超信地旋回）が現出される。 差動ケースの制動を解除して自由回転状態にする
と、サイドクラッチ切り側の走行装置が自由回転状態に
なり、緩旋回（片駆動旋回）が現出される。 差動ケースの制動力を適宜に加減操作すると、サイ
ドクラッチ切り側の走行装置が停止し、ブレーキ旋回
（信地旋回）と同じ状態を現出可能となる。 差動ケースの制動力を、ととの間に設定すれ
ば、サイドクラッチ切り側の走行装置がサイドクラッチ
入り側の走行装置と反対方向に、かつ、サイドクラッチ
入り側の走行装置の駆動速度よりも遅い速度で駆動され
る急旋回が行えるようになる。その旋回半径は、の急
旋回よりも大きく、かつ、のブレーキ旋回よりも小さ
い。 差動ケースの制動力を、ととの間に設定すれ
ば、サイドクラッチ切り側の走行装置がサイドクラッチ
入り側の走行装置と同方向に、かつ、サイドクラッチ入
り側の走行装置の駆動速度よりも遅い速度で駆動される
緩旋回が得られる。この緩旋回は両駆動旋回であり、そ
の旋回半径は、の緩旋回よりも小さく、かつ、のブ
レーキ旋回よりも大きい。According to the above construction, which will be described in detail in the embodiment, the following steering state is possible by variably adjusting the braking force of the case braking mechanism with one side clutch disengaged. Become. When the differential case is completely stopped, the traveling device on the side clutch disengagement side will be driven at the same speed in the opposite direction as the traveling device on the side clutch engaged side, and a sharp turn that turns on the spot ) Appears. When the braking of the differential case is released and brought into a free rotation state, the traveling device on the side of the side clutch disengagement is brought into a free rotation state, and a gentle turn (single drive turn) appears. When the braking force of the differential case is appropriately adjusted, the traveling device on the side clutch disengagement side is stopped, and the same state as the brake turning (ground turning) can be revealed. If the braking force of the differential case is set between and, the traveling device on the side clutch disengagement side is in the opposite direction to the traveling device on the side clutch engaged side, and the driving speed of the traveling device on the side clutch engaged side is greater than that. It becomes possible to perform a sharp turn driven at a slow speed. The turning radius is larger than the sharp turning and smaller than the brake turning. If the braking force of the differential case is set between and, the traveling device on the side clutch disengagement side is in the same direction as the traveling device on the side clutch engaged side, and the driving speed of the traveling device on the side clutch engaged side is greater than that. A slow turn driven at a slower speed is obtained. This gentle turn is a double drive turn, and its turning radius is smaller than the slow turn and larger than the brake turn.

【０００６】つまり、差動ケースの制動力調節のみによ
って、従来の旋回形態、及びそれらの間の旋回半径が現
出される旋回形態、すなわち、片駆動緩旋回、両駆動緩
旋回、ブレーキ旋回、両駆動信地旋回、超信地旋回が現
出できるとともに、の両駆動信地旋回との両駆動緩
旋回との旋回半径は無段階調節が可能になる。例えば、
従来ではブレーキ旋回よりも小回りするには超信地旋回
しかできないので、不要な小回りで、かつ、不要に圃場
を荒らす場合があったが、本願の手段ではブレーキ旋回
よりも小回りでき、しかも、不要な圃場荒らしも少ない
といった旋回状態の現出が行えるのであり、圃場状態に
よって適宜に旋回具合を選択設定できるようになる。That is, the conventional turning forms and the turning forms in which the turning radii between them are expressed only by adjusting the braking force of the differential case, that is, the one-drive gentle turn, the two-drive gentle turn, and the brake turn. Both driving and super driving turning can be realized, and the turning radii of both driving turning and both driving slow turning can be adjusted steplessly. For example,
In the past, only a super-spinning turn was possible to make a smaller turn than the brake turn, so there was a case where the field was unnecessarily small and the field was unnecessarily roughed.However, the means of the present application allows a smaller turn than the brake turn and is unnecessary. Since it is possible to reveal a turning state in which there is little field damage, it is possible to appropriately select and set the turning degree depending on the field state.

【０００７】[0007]

【発明の効果】従って、左右の駆動車軸に跨がる状態の
差動装置、及びその差動ケースに対するケース制動機構
を備えるだけの比較的簡単な構造としながら、多種多様
の旋回形態が実現でき、任意の旋回半径が円滑に現出し
得るクラッチ操向型作業車を提供できた。As a result, a wide variety of turning forms can be realized with a relatively simple structure having only a differential gear that straddles the left and right drive axles and a case braking mechanism for the differential case. Thus, it has been possible to provide a clutch steering type work vehicle in which an arbitrary turning radius can be smoothly expressed.

【０００８】[0008]

【実施例】以下に、本発明の実施例を、作業車の一例で
あるコンバインについて図面に基づいて説明する。図２
にコンバインが示され、１は刈取部、２は操縦部、３は
脱穀装置、４はフィードチェーン、５はクローラ走行装
置、Ｍは走行ミッションである。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings of a combine, which is an example of a work vehicle. Figure 2
A combine is shown in FIG. 1, 1 is a mowing unit, 2 is a control unit, 3 is a threshing device, 4 is a feed chain, 5 is a crawler traveling device, and M is a traveling mission.

【０００９】図１に走行ミッションＭの線図が示され、
１０はエンジン動力を受けるＨＳＴ、８は高低２段の副
変速機構、９Ｌ，９Ｒは左右のサイドクラッチ、７Ｌ，
７Ｒは駆動車軸、６は差動装置である。差動装置６は、
左右の駆動車軸７Ｌ，７Ｒを一対の差動大歯車６ａ，６
ａ夫々に連結し、差動小歯車６ｂ，６ｂを支承する差動
ケース６Ｃの回転を可変制動可能なケース制動機構Ａを
設けてある。A diagram of the traveling mission M is shown in FIG.
Reference numeral 10 is an HST that receives engine power, 8 is a sub-transmission mechanism of two high and low stages, 9L and 9R are left and right side clutches,
7R is a drive axle, and 6 is a differential device. The differential device 6 is
The left and right drive axles 7L and 7R are connected to the pair of differential gears 6a and 6a.
A case braking mechanism A is provided which is variable in braking the rotation of the differential case 6C which is connected to each a and supports the differential small gears 6b and 6b.

【００１０】ケース制動機構Ａは、左右駆動車軸７Ｌ，
７Ｒに相対回転自在に嵌装された差動ケース６Ｃとギヤ
咬合して回転駆動されるオイルポンプ１２と、このオイ
ルポンプ１２の吐出側と戻り側とを短絡させた閉油路１
３中に備えた可変オリフィス１４とで構成されるととも
に、可変オリフィス１４を操作可能な操向レバー１１を
備えてある。つまり、操向レバー１１の傾倒操作による
可変オリフィス１４の抵抗値を変更設定することで、オ
イルポンプ１２の駆動抵抗を任意に調節することがで
き、それによって差動ケース６Ｃを完全に自由回転する
状態から、完全に固定する状態までを無段階に設定する
ことが可能である。The case braking mechanism A includes a left and right drive axle 7L,
An oil pump 12 that is rotationally driven by gear engagement with a differential case 6C that is relatively rotatably fitted in 7R, and a closed oil passage 1 in which the discharge side and the return side of this oil pump 12 are short-circuited.
3 is provided with a variable orifice 14 and a steering lever 11 capable of operating the variable orifice 14. That is, by changing and setting the resistance value of the variable orifice 14 by tilting the steering lever 11, the drive resistance of the oil pump 12 can be arbitrarily adjusted, and thereby the differential case 6C is completely freely rotated. It is possible to set steplessly from the state to the completely fixed state.

【００１１】片側（図では左側）のサイドクラッチ９Ｌ
を切りにした状態で、ケース制動機構Ａの作用を説明す
る。先ず、操向レバー１１を右側に目一杯傾倒して片駆
動緩旋回位置に操作すると、可変オリフィス１４が単な
る油路となる全開となってオイルポンプ１２の駆動抵抗
がほぼ無くなり、差動ケース６Ｃは自由回転状態となっ
て、右駆動車軸７Ｒと同速度で回転することもできる連
れ回り可能状態になる。つまり、差動小歯車６ｂは自転
及び車軸７Ｌ，７Ｒ回りの公転とが可能にであるが、走
行抵抗の少ない平坦路面では殆ど公転のみ行うようにな
る。従って、左駆動車軸７Ｌは右駆動車軸７Ｒに連れ回
りして、殆ど直線走行に近い大きな曲率での緩旋回状態
（「作用」の項の）が現出される。以下に述べる旋回
状態は、平坦路におけるものとする。Side clutch 9L on one side (left side in the figure)
The operation of the case braking mechanism A will be described with the switch turned off. First, when the steering lever 11 is tilted to the right as much as possible and is operated to the one-drive gentle turning position, the variable orifice 14 is fully opened to serve as a simple oil passage, and the drive resistance of the oil pump 12 is almost eliminated. Is in a free rotation state, and is in a state of being able to rotate together with the right drive axle 7R so that it can rotate at the same speed. That is, the differential small gear 6b can rotate and revolve around the axles 7L and 7R, but almost only revolves on a flat road surface with low running resistance. Therefore, the left drive axle 7L rotates together with the right drive axle 7R, and a gentle turning state (in the "action" section) with a large curvature that is almost similar to straight running appears. The turning state described below is on a flat road.

【００１２】次に、操向レバー１１を両駆動緩旋回位置
に操作すると、可変オリフィス１４が少し閉じてオイル
ポンプ１２の駆動抵抗が若干生じ、差動ケース６Ｃの連
れ回り速度が規制され、差動小歯車６ｂの公転回転数が
減る分、自転回転数が増え、最大速度で連れ回りしても
左駆動車軸７Ｌは右駆動車軸７Ｒよりも遅い速度で回転
することになる。従って、平坦路では左側クローラ走行
装置５が右側クローラ走行装置５よりも遅く駆動されて
の緩旋回状態（「作用」の項の）が現出されるように
なる。Next, when the steering lever 11 is operated to the both drive gently swiveling position, the variable orifice 14 is closed a little and a driving resistance of the oil pump 12 is slightly generated, so that the accompanying speed of the differential case 6C is regulated and the difference is increased. As the revolution speed of the dynamic small gear 6b decreases, the rotation speed increases, so that the left drive axle 7L rotates at a slower speed than the right drive axle 7R even if it rotates at the maximum speed. Therefore, on a flat road, the left crawler traveling device 5 is driven slower than the right crawler traveling device 5 and a gentle turning state (in the "action" section) appears.

【００１３】操向レバー１１を中央の信地旋回位置に操
作すると、可変オリフィス１４の絞りがきつくなってオ
イルポンプ１２の駆動抵抗が増し、差動ケース６Ｃの、
すなわち差動小歯車６ｂの公転回転数が右駆動車軸７Ｒ
の丁度半分となる差動大歯車６ａとの回転関係から、左
駆動車軸７Ｌが、つまり左側クローラ走行装置５が丁度
停止したブレーキ状態となり、ブレーキ旋回である信地
旋回（「作用」の項の）状態が現出される。When the steering lever 11 is operated to the central pivoting position, the variable orifice 14 is tightly throttled to increase the drive resistance of the oil pump 12 and the differential case 6C.
That is, the revolution speed of the differential small gear 6b is the right drive axle 7R.
From the rotational relationship with the differential large gear 6a, which is just half of the above, the left drive axle 7L, that is, the left crawler traveling device 5 is brought into a braking state in which the left crawler traveling device 5 has just stopped, and the solid turning (branching of the "action" item). ) The state is revealed.

【００１４】そして、操向レバー１１を中央から左側に
傾倒して、両駆動信地旋回位置に操作すると、可変オリ
フィス１４の絞りがさらに厳しくなってオイルポンプ１
２の駆動抵抗もさらに増え、差動小歯車６ｂはその自転
回転数が公転回転数を上回るようになり、左側の差動大
歯車６ａが右側の差動大歯車６ａと反対方向に回転する
ようになる。従って、左クローラ走行装置５が右クロー
ラ走行装置５と反対方向に、かつ、右クローラ走行装置
５よりも遅い速度で駆動されるようになり、両駆動信地
旋回（「作用」の項の）が現出される。When the steering lever 11 is tilted to the left from the center and is operated to the both drive pivoting positions, the throttle of the variable orifice 14 becomes more severe and the oil pump 1
The driving resistance of 2 further increases, the rotation speed of the differential small gear 6b exceeds the revolution speed, and the left large differential gear 6a rotates in the opposite direction to the right large differential gear 6a. become. Therefore, the left crawler traveling device 5 is driven in the direction opposite to the right crawler traveling device 5 and at a lower speed than the right crawler traveling device 5, and both drive signal turning (in the "action" section). Is revealed.

【００１５】操向レバー１１を左側に目一杯傾倒操作す
ると、可変オリフィス１４の絞りが最大となって事実上
回路が閉じられ、オイルポンプ１２の駆動が不可能にな
って差動ケース６Ｃが固定状態となり、それによって、
差動小歯車６ｂの公転が不可能で自転のみ許容される状
態となる。従って、左右の駆動車軸７Ｌ，６Ｒが互いに
同速度で、かつ、互いに反対方向に駆動されて超信地旋
回状態（「作用」の項の）が現出されるようになる。When the steering lever 11 is tilted to the left as much as possible, the throttle of the variable orifice 14 is maximized to effectively close the circuit, making it impossible to drive the oil pump 12 and fixing the differential case 6C. State, and by that,
Revolution of the differential small gear 6b is impossible and only the rotation is allowed. Therefore, the left and right drive axles 7L, 6R are driven at the same speed and in opposite directions, so that the super-spinning state (in the "action" section) appears.

【００１６】以上は平坦路での旋回挙動であるが、柔ら
かい圃場では転がり抵抗が増えることにより、例えば、
片駆動による緩旋回状態では、左側クローラ走行装置５
が右側クローラ走行装置５よりも遅く駆動される両駆動
緩旋回状態になる、といった具合に、差動ケース６Ｃを
完全に停止させる超信地旋回状態以外の旋回状態では、
走行路面の状況によって旋回半径が自然に変化すること
が考えられる。The above is the turning behavior on a flat road, but in a soft field, the rolling resistance increases, so that, for example,
The left crawler traveling device 5 is in the gentle turning state by one-sided driving.
Becomes a double-drive slow turning state in which the vehicle is driven slower than the right crawler traveling device 5, such as in a turning state other than the super-spinning turning state in which the differential case 6C is completely stopped.
It is conceivable that the turning radius will change naturally depending on the condition of the road surface.

【００１７】〔別実施例〕例えば、差動ケース６Ｃにデ
ィスクプレートを取付けて成るディスクブレーキ装置を
設けてケース制動機構Ａを構成したものでも良い。[Other Embodiments] For example, the case braking mechanism A may be constructed by providing a disk brake device in which a disk plate is attached to the differential case 6C.

【００１８】尚、特許請求の範囲の項に図面との対照を
便利にするために符号を記すが、該記入により本発明は
添付図面の構成に限定されるものではない。It should be noted that reference numerals are given in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】コンバインの伝動系を示す線図FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a combine transmission system.

【図２】コンバイン前部の側面図FIG. 2 is a side view of the front of the combine.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

６ 差動装置 ６ａ 差動大歯車 ６ｂ 差動小歯車 ６Ｃ 差動ケース ７Ｌ，７Ｒ 駆動車軸 ９Ｌ，９Ｒ サイドクラッチ Ａ ケース制動機構 6 Differential device 6a Differential large gear 6b Differential small gear 6C Differential case 7L, 7R Drive axle 9L, 9R Side clutch A Case braking mechanism

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 左右の駆動車軸（７Ｌ），（７Ｒ）夫々
に対するサイドクラッチ（９Ｌ），（９Ｒ）を備えたク
ラッチ操向型作業車であって、 前記左右の駆動車軸（７Ｌ），（７Ｒ）が一対の差動大
歯車（６ａ），（６ａ）夫々に連結される状態の差動装
置（６）を設けるとともに、差動小歯車（６ｂ）を支承
する差動ケース（６Ｃ）の回転を可変制動可能なケース
制動機構（Ａ）を設けてあるクラッチ操向型作業車。1. A clutch steering type working vehicle comprising side clutches (9L) and (9R) for the left and right drive axles (7L) and (7R), respectively. 7R) is provided with a differential device (6) in a state of being connected to each of a pair of differential large gears (6a), (6a), and a differential case (6C) for supporting the differential small gear (6b). A clutch steering type work vehicle provided with a case braking mechanism (A) capable of variably braking rotation.