JPH08145051A - Water lubricated ceramic bearing device, pump and water wheel - Google Patents

Water lubricated ceramic bearing device, pump and water wheel

Info

Publication number
JPH08145051A
JPH08145051A JP6280659A JP28065994A JPH08145051A JP H08145051 A JPH08145051 A JP H08145051A JP 6280659 A JP6280659 A JP 6280659A JP 28065994 A JP28065994 A JP 28065994A JP H08145051 A JPH08145051 A JP H08145051A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
bearing
sleeve
ceramic
rotating shaft
outer peripheral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP6280659A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3745396B2 (en
Inventor
Koji Aizawa
宏二 会沢
Yoshiaki Chiba
吉秋 千葉
Tetsuo Fujiwara
哲雄 藤原
Shiro Matsui
志郎 松井
Kunio Takada
国雄 高田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Priority to JP28065994A priority Critical patent/JP3745396B2/en
Publication of JPH08145051A publication Critical patent/JPH08145051A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3745396B2 publication Critical patent/JP3745396B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Landscapes

  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent hard particles from entering into a bearing, and to prevent damage to the bearing. CONSTITUTION: During stoppage of a rotary shaft 4, ceramic parts 6 of bearings 7 are made into contact with sleeves 5 fixed to the rotary shaft 4, and accordingly, hard particles in sediment or the like do not enter between he sleeves 5 and the ceramic parts 6. Further, when the sleeves 5 are rotated, the slide surfaces of the sleeves and the ceramic parts 6 therebetween, are formed thereon with water films due to dynamic pressure effects, which support a load. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the particles entering between the slide surfaces of the sleeves 5 and the ceramic part 6 and from being caught therebetween. Further, it is possible to prevent detrimental affect by bumping load due to prevent eccentric contact, thereby it is possible to obtain a stable sliding characteristic.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、河川水を潤滑剤として
回転軸を支承するセラミック軸受装置と、これを利用し
たポンプ及び水車とに係り、特にセグメント型のセラミ
ック軸受を有するものに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ceramic bearing device which supports a rotary shaft using river water as a lubricant, a pump and a water turbine using the same, and more particularly to a ceramic bearing device having a segment type ceramic bearing.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】河川水で潤滑して回転軸を支承する軸受
装置にあっては、軸受材料として樹脂，ゴム，カーボン
等をこれまで使用していた。しかし、これらの材料は、
河川水のように土砂等の硬い粒子を含んだ水で潤滑する
と、短時間で摩耗して使用できなくなるため、清水を給
水手段により供給して潤滑する必要があった。2. Description of the Related Art In bearing devices that support a rotating shaft by being lubricated with river water, resin, rubber, carbon, etc. have been used as bearing materials. However, these materials
Lubricating with water containing hard particles such as sediment like river water causes wear in a short time and makes it unusable. Therefore, it is necessary to supply fresh water by means of a water supply means for lubrication.

【０００３】ところが、近年では、摺動材料として超硬
合金やセラミックスの材料を組み合わせた軸受装置が開
発されて実用に供され、雨水排水ポンプ等の主軸受に用
いられるようになっている。このような軸受装置は河川
水を潤滑剤とするものであり、しかも超硬合金やセラミ
ックスでは硬度が土砂等よりも高いので、土砂等の硬い
粒子を含んだ水で潤滑してもほとんど摩耗しない。その
ため、上記したように樹脂やゴム等を用いた軸受装置に
比較し、清水で潤滑することが不要になるばかりでな
く、その給水手段も不要になり、しかもセラミックスの
場合には特に主機のメンテナンスやランニングコストの
点で軸受材料として極めて有効となる。However, in recent years, bearing devices in which cemented carbide and ceramic materials are combined as sliding materials have been developed and put into practical use, and have come to be used for main bearings of rainwater drainage pumps and the like. Such a bearing device uses river water as a lubricant, and since the hardness of cemented carbide and ceramics is higher than that of earth and sand, it hardly wears even when lubricated with water containing hard particles such as earth and sand. . Therefore, as compared with the bearing device using resin or rubber as described above, not only is it unnecessary to lubricate with fresh water, but also the water supply means is unnecessary. It is extremely effective as a bearing material in terms of running cost.

【０００４】水潤滑のセラミック軸受装置の従来技術と
して、例えば特開平５−２２３１２１号公報（以下、第
１の従来技術と云う），実開平３−６８６１２号公報
（以下、第２の従来技術と云う）に示されるものがあ
る。これらの従来技術では、何れも、軸受ケーシング内
に配設された軸受部と、回転軸に固定されたスリーブと
の間に初期（停止時）の段階から均等な隙間が存在し、
その隙間に水膜が形成されることにより軸受部がスリー
ブを支持するように構成されている。従って、スリーブ
と軸受部とは初期の段階で均等な隙間（一般にＤ／１０
００程度の値に設定される。Ｄはスリーブ摺動面直径を
表す。）をもっているので、非接触状態で組み込まれて
いる。As conventional techniques for water-lubricated ceramic bearing devices, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-223121 (hereinafter referred to as the first conventional technique) and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-68612 (hereinafter referred to as the second conventional technique). I say)). In each of these conventional techniques, a uniform gap exists between the bearing portion arranged in the bearing casing and the sleeve fixed to the rotating shaft from the initial stage (at the time of stop),
The bearing part is configured to support the sleeve by forming a water film in the gap. Therefore, a uniform gap (generally D / 10
It is set to a value of about 00. D represents the sleeve sliding surface diameter. ), It is installed in a non-contact state.

【０００５】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述の如く、従来技術
のセラミック軸受装置は、回転軸に固定されたスリーブ
と、軸受部との間に初期の段階から隙間が存在するの
で、その隙間に土砂等の硬い粒子が入り込むおそれがあ
り、そのため、以下に述べる問題がある。As described above, in the ceramic bearing device of the prior art, since there is a gap between the sleeve fixed to the rotary shaft and the bearing portion from the initial stage, the earth and sand in the gap. There is a possibility that hard particles such as the like may enter, and therefore there is a problem described below.

【０００６】即ち、河川水を潤滑剤とするセラミック軸
受装置においては、例えば、ポンプ等に利用された場
合、流体力が羽根及び回転軸を介し作用すると、隙間に
形成される水膜厚さが、初期にものに比較し小さくなる
ため、回転軸に固定されたスリーブが流体力の作用方向
に偏心し、軸受部の内面と摺動することとなる。しか
し、流体力はポンプの運転状態により大きさや作用方向
が常に変化するので、その流体力の変化に伴ってスリー
ブも同様に変化し、軸受部の内面で振れ回ることとな
る。That is, in a ceramic bearing device using river water as a lubricant, for example, when it is used for a pump or the like, when a fluid force acts through the blades and the rotating shaft, the water film thickness formed in the gap is reduced. Since it becomes smaller than that at the initial stage, the sleeve fixed to the rotating shaft is eccentric in the acting direction of the fluid force and slides on the inner surface of the bearing portion. However, since the magnitude and direction of action of the fluid force constantly change depending on the operating state of the pump, the sleeve also changes in accordance with the change of the fluid force, and swings around on the inner surface of the bearing portion.

【０００７】その結果、スリーブと軸受部との間に存在
する隙間に入り込んだ粒子は、スリーブ摺動面と軸受部
との間で挟まれ、局部的に接触して荷重を受け、粉砕さ
れる場合がある。そして、粒子が粉砕されると両者間の
接触部においては接触圧力が非常に大きくなり、軸受部
の摺動面にクラックが発生し、損傷するおそれがある。As a result, the particles that have entered the gap existing between the sleeve and the bearing portion are sandwiched between the sleeve sliding surface and the bearing portion, locally contact with each other, receive a load, and are crushed. There are cases. Then, when the particles are crushed, the contact pressure becomes extremely large in the contact portion between them, and the sliding surface of the bearing portion may be cracked and damaged.

【０００８】また、運転時、スリーブは流体力の作用方
向に偏心傾斜すると、軸受部がスリーブに追従しようと
するが、軸受部の慣性力により直ぐに傾斜せず、まず軸
受部の下端面（或いは上端面）がスリーブと接触し、そ
の際、軸受部の接触面に衝撃力が作用し、片当たり状態
となるので、端部に亀裂が入り、割損を招くおそれもあ
る。In operation, when the sleeve is eccentrically inclined in the acting direction of the fluid force, the bearing portion tries to follow the sleeve, but it is not inclined immediately due to the inertial force of the bearing portion, and the lower end surface of the bearing portion (or The upper end surface) comes into contact with the sleeve, and at that time, an impact force acts on the contact surface of the bearing portion, resulting in a one-sided contact state, which may result in cracking at the end portion and fracture.

【０００９】本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の問題点に
鑑み、土砂等の硬い粒子が入り込むのを防止することが
でき、しかも流体力が作用しても、軸受が損傷するのを
軽減できる水潤滑セラミック軸受装置を提供することに
あり、他の目的は、上記水潤滑セラミック軸受装置を用
い、高信頼性を得ることができるポンプ及び水車を提供
することにある。In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to prevent hard particles such as earth and sand from entering, and to reduce damage to the bearing even when a fluid force acts. It is another object of the present invention to provide a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device, and another object of the present invention is to provide a pump and a water turbine that use the water-lubricated ceramic bearing device and can obtain high reliability.

【００１０】[0010]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の水潤滑セラミッ
ク軸受装置においては、回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に
超硬合金部を設けたスリーブと、該スリーブの外周位置
に配置される軸受ケースと、該軸受ケース及びスリーブ
間に周方向に沿って複数配設され、各々がスリーブとの
摺接面にセラミック部を設けると共に、外周部に軸受ケ
ースの内周面部に向かい球状に膨出する突起部を突設し
た軸受と、該各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢させ、回転軸
の停止時、各々の軸受のセラミック部をスリーブの超硬
合金部に接触させる弾性手段とを有している。In a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device of the present invention, a sleeve fixed to a rotating shaft and provided with a cemented carbide portion on its outer peripheral surface, and a bearing case arranged at the outer peripheral position of the sleeve. And a plurality of ceramic parts are provided between the bearing case and the sleeve along the circumferential direction, each of which is provided with a ceramic part on the sliding contact surface with the sleeve, and bulges in a spherical shape toward the inner peripheral surface part of the bearing case on the outer peripheral part. And a resilient means for biasing each of the bearings in the centripetal direction to bring the ceramic portion of each bearing into contact with the cemented carbide portion of the sleeve when the rotating shaft is stopped. There is.

【００１１】また、本発明のポンプ及び水車において
は、何れも、回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超硬合金部
を設けたスリーブと、該スリーブの外周位置に配置され
る軸受ケースと、該軸受ケース及びスリーブ間に周方向
に沿って複数配設され、各々がスリーブとの摺接面にセ
ラミック部を設けると共に、外周部に軸受ケースの内周
面部に向かい球状に膨出する突起部を突設した軸受と、
該各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢させ、回転軸の停止時、
各々の軸受のセラミック部をスリーブの超硬合金部に接
触させる弾性手段とからなる水潤滑セラミック軸受装置
を有している。In each of the pump and the water turbine of the present invention, a sleeve fixed to the rotating shaft and provided with a cemented carbide portion on the outer peripheral surface, a bearing case arranged at the outer peripheral position of the sleeve, A plurality of bearings are provided along the circumferential direction between the bearing case and the sleeve, each of which is provided with a ceramic portion on the sliding contact surface with the sleeve, and at the outer peripheral portion, a protruding portion that bulges in a spherical shape toward the inner peripheral surface portion of the bearing case. A protruding bearing,
By biasing each of the bearings in the centripetal direction, when the rotating shaft is stopped,
It has a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device comprising elastic means for bringing the ceramic part of each bearing into contact with the cemented carbide part of the sleeve.

【００１２】[0012]

【作用】本発明の水潤滑セラミック軸受装置では、上述
の如く、回転軸の停止時、該回転軸に固定されたスリー
ブに各軸受のセラミック部を接触させているので、河川
水に含まれている土砂等の硬い粒子がスリーブと夫々の
セラミック部との間に入り込むことがない。しかも、回
転軸の駆動によってスリーブが回転すると、スリーブと
セラミック部との間の摺動面には動圧効果によって水膜
が形成され、該水膜によりスリーブに作用する荷重を支
持することとなるので、スリーブ，セラミック部の摺動
面間に粒子が入り込んで噛み込んだりするのを防止する
ことができる。また、スリーブが回転すると、該スリー
ブが流体力の変化に伴いセラミック部の内周側で振れま
わることとなる。しかし、上述の如く、軸受が弾性手段
によって求心方向に付勢されると共に、軸受の外周部に
球状をなす突起部が形成されているので、スリーブの振
れまわりに対し、突起部と軸受ケースの内周面との接触
部を支点として軸受が追従し、即ち、軸受７及びセラミ
ック部がスリーブと常に平衡状態を保つことができ、軸
受全体の慣性力の影響が少ない。そのため、スリーブが
セラミック部の下端部（或いは上端部）に衝撃力が作用
することがなく、片当たりが生じないので、従来技術に
比較すると、片当たりによる衝撃荷重の悪影響を防止す
ることができ、安定した摺動特性を得ることができる。In the water-lubricated ceramic bearing device of the present invention, as described above, when the rotary shaft is stopped, the ceramic portion of each bearing is brought into contact with the sleeve fixed to the rotary shaft, so that it is included in river water. Hard particles, such as sediment, do not get between the sleeve and each ceramic part. Moreover, when the sleeve is rotated by driving the rotating shaft, a water film is formed on the sliding surface between the sleeve and the ceramic portion by the dynamic pressure effect, and the water film supports the load acting on the sleeve. Therefore, it is possible to prevent particles from entering and being caught between the sliding surfaces of the sleeve and the ceramic portion. Further, when the sleeve rotates, the sleeve swings on the inner peripheral side of the ceramic portion as the fluid force changes. However, as described above, since the bearing is biased in the centripetal direction by the elastic means and the spherical protrusion is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the bearing, the protrusion and the bearing case are prevented from swinging around the sleeve. The bearing follows the contact portion with the inner peripheral surface as a fulcrum, that is, the bearing 7 and the ceramic portion can always keep an equilibrium state with the sleeve, and the influence of the inertial force of the entire bearing is small. Therefore, the sleeve does not exert an impact force on the lower end portion (or the upper end portion) of the ceramic portion, and no one-sided contact occurs. Therefore, as compared with the related art, it is possible to prevent the adverse impact of the one-sided impact load. It is possible to obtain stable sliding characteristics.

【００１３】また、本発明のポンプ及び水車においては
何れも、上述の如く、回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超
硬合金部を設けたスリーブと、該スリーブの外周位置に
配置される軸受ケースと、該軸受ケース及びスリーブ間
に周方向に沿って複数配設され、各々がスリーブとの摺
接面にセラミック部を設けると共に、外周部に軸受ケー
スの内周面部に向かい球状に膨出する突起部を突設した
軸受と、該各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢させ、回転軸の
停止時、各々の軸受のセラミック部をスリーブの超硬合
金部に接触させる弾性手段とからなる水潤滑セラミック
軸受装置を有しているので、土砂等の硬い粒子が入り込
まずかつ摺動特性の良好な軸受装置により、ポンプ及び
水車として高信頼性を得ることができる。Further, in both the pump and the water turbine of the present invention, as described above, the sleeve fixed to the rotating shaft and provided with the cemented carbide portion on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and the bearing case arranged at the outer peripheral position of the sleeve. And a plurality of ceramic parts are provided between the bearing case and the sleeve along the circumferential direction, each of which is provided with a ceramic part on the sliding contact surface with the sleeve, and bulges in a spherical shape toward the inner peripheral surface part of the bearing case on the outer peripheral part. Water lubrication consisting of bearings with protruding parts and elastic means for urging each bearing in the centripetal direction to bring the ceramic part of each bearing into contact with the cemented carbide part of the sleeve when the rotating shaft is stopped. Since it has a ceramic bearing device, it is possible to obtain high reliability as a pump and a water turbine by using a bearing device that does not allow hard particles such as earth and sand to enter and has good sliding characteristics.

【００１４】[0014]

【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図１〜図１０により
説明する。図１は本発明による水潤滑セラミック軸受装
置を適用したポンプを示す概略図、図２は本発明による
水潤滑セラミック軸受装置の第１の実施例を示す縦断面
図である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a pump to which a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device according to the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the water-lubricated ceramic bearing device according to the present invention.

【００１５】図１に示すポンプは、ポンプケーシング１
の内部にセラミック軸受装置３を介し回転軸４が回転自
在に支承され、その回転軸４の下部に羽根２が取付けら
れている。そして、回転軸４の駆動によって羽根２が回
転すると、水が下方から吸い上げられ、ポンプケーシン
グ１の内部に形成された流路１ａを経て上方に供給され
るように構成されている。The pump shown in FIG. 1 has a pump casing 1
A rotary shaft 4 is rotatably supported in the inside of the rotary shaft 4 via a ceramic bearing device 3, and a blade 2 is attached to a lower portion of the rotary shaft 4. When the blade 2 is rotated by driving the rotating shaft 4, water is sucked up from below and supplied upward through the flow passage 1a formed inside the pump casing 1.

【００１６】このセラミック軸受装置３は、大別すると
図２に示すように、回転軸４に固定されたスリーブ５
と、その外周位置に配置される軸受ケース８と、これら
軸受ケース８及びスリーブ５間に複数配設されたセグメ
ント状の軸受７とを有して構成されている。The ceramic bearing device 3 is roughly classified into a sleeve 5 fixed to a rotary shaft 4 as shown in FIG.
And a bearing case 8 arranged at an outer peripheral position thereof, and a plurality of segment-shaped bearings 7 arranged between the bearing case 8 and the sleeve 5.

【００１７】スリーブ５は回転軸４の途中位置に突設さ
れた大径部４ａに、その外周を被うように圧入し固定さ
れている。このスリーブ５の外周部には後述する軸受と
ほぼ対応する位置に、軸受と摺接したときにその摺接に
耐えうるような超硬合金部５ａが設けられている。本例
では超硬合金部５ａとして、スリーブ５の外周部に形成
された溝にタングステンをコーティングしているが、筒
状に形成されたタングステンをそのままスリーブ５に圧
入し固着してもよい。軸受ケース８はほぼ筒状をなして
おり、図１及び図２に示すように、その軸方向の一端で
ある上部に突設された鍔部８ａが、ポンプケーシング１
の流路１ａの内側に形成された支持部１ｂに取付けられ
ている。The sleeve 5 is press-fitted and fixed to a large-diameter portion 4a projecting in the middle of the rotary shaft 4 so as to cover the outer circumference thereof. On the outer peripheral portion of the sleeve 5, a cemented carbide portion 5a is provided at a position substantially corresponding to a bearing described later so as to withstand the sliding contact with the bearing. In this example, as the cemented carbide portion 5a, the groove formed on the outer peripheral portion of the sleeve 5 is coated with tungsten, but the cylindrically formed tungsten may be pressed into the sleeve 5 as it is and fixed. The bearing case 8 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a flange portion 8 a protruding from the upper end, which is one end in the axial direction, has a pump casing 1.
It is attached to a support portion 1b formed inside the channel 1a.

【００１８】セグメント状の軸受７は、軸受ケース８と
スリーブ５との間において周囲に沿って複数配設され、
本例では４個からなっている（後述する図５を参照のこ
と）。さらに詳細に述べると、この軸受７は、スリーブ
５の超硬金属部５ａとの摺接面をなす内周面にセラミッ
ク部６を設けている。軸受７とセラミック部６との固定
に際しては、両者の接合面に接着剤を塗布し、互いに密
着固定させる。この場合、接着剤としては塗布後に硬化
し、しかも金属体７とセラミック部６との材質の違いに
拘わらず接着させることから、例えばエポキシ系接着
剤，セラミックス系接着剤が好ましい。A plurality of segment-shaped bearings 7 are arranged along the circumference between the bearing case 8 and the sleeve 5.
In this example, the number is four (see FIG. 5 described later). More specifically, this bearing 7 is provided with the ceramic portion 6 on the inner peripheral surface which forms a sliding contact surface with the cemented carbide metal portion 5a of the sleeve 5. At the time of fixing the bearing 7 and the ceramic portion 6, an adhesive is applied to the joint surface of the both, and they are closely fixed to each other. In this case, as the adhesive, for example, an epoxy-based adhesive or a ceramic-based adhesive is preferable because it cures after application and adheres regardless of the difference in material between the metal body 7 and the ceramic portion 6.

【００１９】軸受７は、その軸方向の両端部に溝７ａが
形成され、該溝７ａに軸受ケース８に設けられた回り止
めピン１０により、軸受ケース８とスリーブ５との間で
周方向にずれることがないようにしている。そのため、
回り止めピン１０が軸受ケース８の軸方向の両端部に固
定されたカバー１１に取付けられ、該カバー１１は環状
をなし、軸受７の軸方向の両端面と対向する位置まで張
り出している。また、軸受７の両端面には軸受ケース８
に設けられた弾性体１２が密着され、該弾性体１２の弾
性力により軸受７の軸方向の振れを吸収するようにして
いる。そのため、弾性体１２は環状に形成されたゴム材
からなり、軸受ケース８の各カバー１１の端部に取付け
られ、その端面が軸受７の両端面と接触している。さら
に軸受７の外周部には、その軸方向の中央部を軸受ケー
ス８の内周面部に向かって膨出させ、球状をなす突起部
７ｂが一体に形成されている。該突起部７ｂは、その頂
部が軸受７の外周面における軸方向の中心部と一致する
ように配置されている。The bearing 7 is formed with grooves 7a at both ends in the axial direction, and a detent pin 10 provided in the bearing case 8 in the groove 7a allows the bearing 7 to rotate in the circumferential direction between the bearing case 8 and the sleeve 5. I try not to slip. for that reason,
The detent pins 10 are attached to covers 11 fixed to both ends of the bearing case 8 in the axial direction, and the cover 11 has an annular shape and projects to positions facing both end faces of the bearing 7 in the axial direction. The bearing case 8 is provided on both end surfaces of the bearing 7.
The elastic body 12 provided in the above is closely contacted, and the elastic force of the elastic body 12 absorbs the axial runout of the bearing 7. Therefore, the elastic body 12 is made of an annular rubber material, is attached to the end of each cover 11 of the bearing case 8, and its end faces are in contact with both end faces of the bearing 7. Further, on the outer peripheral portion of the bearing 7, a central portion in the axial direction is bulged toward the inner peripheral surface portion of the bearing case 8 to integrally form a spherical projection portion 7b. The protrusion 7b is arranged such that the top thereof coincides with the axial center of the outer peripheral surface of the bearing 7.

【００２０】そして、軸受７と軸受ケース８との間に
は、軸受を求心方向に付勢し得る弾性手段としてのコイ
ルばね９が設けられている。該コイルばね９は図２に示
すように、軸受７における突起部７ｂの周囲位置に設け
られた溝７ｃと、軸受ケース８における前記溝７ｃと対
向する位置との間に縮設され、初期時（停止時）におい
て、その弾性力で軸受７，セラミック部６の双方を求心
方向に付勢させることによりスリーブ５に対し適正な圧
力をもって接触させ、しかも双方７，６の軸方向の長さ
の中心部を接触させるようにしている。この場合の接触
力は、回転軸４の停止時ではセラミック部６をスリーブ
５の超硬合金部５ａに接触させ、回転軸４の駆動時で
は、それと共にスリーブ５が回転したときに発生する動
圧効果により、コイルばね９の弾性力に抗し、セラミッ
ク部６の内周面が超硬合金部５ａの外周面から離れ、該
超硬合金５ａとセラミック部６との間に水膜を形成し得
るのに必要な隙間を形成し得る程度の小さいものであ
る。A coil spring 9 is provided between the bearing 7 and the bearing case 8 as an elastic means for biasing the bearing in the centripetal direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the coil spring 9 is contracted between a groove 7c provided around the protrusion 7b of the bearing 7 and a position of the bearing case 8 facing the groove 7c. At the time of (stop), the elastic force urges both the bearing 7 and the ceramic portion 6 in the centripetal direction so that the sleeve 5 is brought into contact with the sleeve 5 with an appropriate pressure, and the axial length of both 7 and 6 is kept. The center is in contact. The contact force in this case causes the ceramic portion 6 to come into contact with the cemented carbide portion 5a of the sleeve 5 when the rotating shaft 4 is stopped, and the movement that occurs when the sleeve 5 rotates together with the rotating shaft 4 when it is driven. Due to the pressure effect, the inner peripheral surface of the ceramic portion 6 is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the cemented carbide portion 5a against the elastic force of the coil spring 9, and a water film is formed between the cemented carbide alloy 5a and the ceramic portion 6. It is small enough to form a necessary gap.

【００２１】またコイルばね９は、前述の如く接触させ
る一方、軸受７の突起部７ｂ及び軸受ケース８の内周面
間に隙間を形成するようにしている。その際、突起部７
ｂと軸受ケース８の内周面間の隙間は、回転軸４の駆動
によってスリーブ４の回転時に動圧効果が発生し、該動
圧効果によりスリーブ４とセラミック部６間に水膜が発
生することから、水膜の厚さ程度の大きさが望ましい
が、回転軸４の許容振動値により選定される。While the coil spring 9 is contacted as described above, a gap is formed between the protrusion 7b of the bearing 7 and the inner peripheral surface of the bearing case 8. At that time, the protrusion 7
In the gap between b and the inner peripheral surface of the bearing case 8, a dynamic pressure effect is generated when the sleeve 4 is rotated by driving the rotating shaft 4, and a water film is generated between the sleeve 4 and the ceramic portion 6 by the dynamic pressure effect. Therefore, it is desirable that the size of the water film is approximately the same as the thickness of the water film.

【００２２】実施例のセラミック軸受装置は、上記の如
く、回転軸４の停止時、該回転軸４に固定されたスリー
ブ５にコイルばね９によって夫々の軸受７のセラミック
部６を接触させているので、河川水に含まれている土砂
等の硬い粒子がスリーブ５と夫々のセラミック部６との
間に入り込むことがない。しかも、回転軸４の駆動によ
ってスリーブ５が回転すると、スリーブ５とセラミック
部６との間の摺動面には動圧効果によって水膜が形成さ
れ、該水膜によりスリーブ５に作用する荷重を支持する
こととなるので、スリーブ５，セラミック部６の摺動面
間に粒子が入り込んで噛み込んだりするのを防止するこ
とができる。In the ceramic bearing device of the embodiment, when the rotary shaft 4 is stopped, the sleeve 5 fixed to the rotary shaft 4 is brought into contact with the ceramic portion 6 of each bearing 7 by the coil spring 9 as described above. Therefore, hard particles such as earth and sand contained in river water do not enter between the sleeve 5 and the respective ceramic parts 6. Moreover, when the sleeve 5 is rotated by driving the rotating shaft 4, a water film is formed on the sliding surface between the sleeve 5 and the ceramic portion 6 due to the dynamic pressure effect, and the load acting on the sleeve 5 is applied by the water film. Since it will be supported, it is possible to prevent particles from getting into and being caught between the sliding surfaces of the sleeve 5 and the ceramic portion 6.

【００２３】また、スリーブ５が回転すると、該スリー
ブ５が流体力の変化に伴いセラミック部６の内周側で振
れまわることとなる。しかし、上述の如く、軸受７がコ
イルばね９によって求心方向に付勢されると共に、軸受
７の外周部に球状をなす突起部７ｂが形成されているの
で、スリーブ５の振れまわりに対し、突起部７ｂと軸受
ケース８の内周面との接触部を支点として軸受７が追従
し、即ち、軸受７及びセラミック部６がスリーブ５と常
に平衡状態を保つことができ、軸受全体の慣性力の影響
が少ない。そのため、スリーブ５がセラミック部６の下
端部（或いは上端部）に衝撃力が作用することがなく、
片当たりが生じないので、従来技術に比較すると、片当
たりによる衝撃荷重の悪影響を防止することができ、安
定した摺動特性を得ることができる。When the sleeve 5 rotates, the sleeve 5 swings on the inner peripheral side of the ceramic portion 6 as the fluid force changes. However, as described above, since the bearing 7 is biased in the centripetal direction by the coil spring 9 and the spherical projection portion 7b is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the bearing 7, a protrusion is generated with respect to the whirling of the sleeve 5. The bearing 7 follows with the contact portion between the portion 7b and the inner peripheral surface of the bearing case 8 as a fulcrum, that is, the bearing 7 and the ceramic portion 6 can always maintain an equilibrium state with the sleeve 5, and the inertia force of the entire bearing can be maintained. Has little effect. Therefore, the sleeve 5 does not exert an impact force on the lower end portion (or the upper end portion) of the ceramic portion 6,
Since no one-sided contact occurs, it is possible to prevent the adverse effect of the impact load due to one-sided contact and to obtain stable sliding characteristics, as compared with the conventional technique.

【００２４】この安定した摺動特性を得た実験として、
図３に軸受にステップ状の衝撃荷重を与えたときの摩擦
トルクを測定した結果を示す。この場合、本発明では、
前述した実施例と同様のものであって、セラミック部６
を有する軸受７が炭化珪素で形成されて８個用い、スリ
ーブ５の超硬合金５ａとしてタングステンでコーティン
グしたＷＣ系サーメット被膜を施している。同図から、
本発明において、スリーブ５と軸受７との摺動面が接触
しているものの、摩擦トルク曲線は荷重波形と同様であ
り、このことから衝撃荷重作用時においても安定した摺
動特性を得ることがわかる。一方、スリーブと軸受との
摺動面が非接触状態をなす従来例において、摩擦トルク
曲線では、衝撃荷重作用時に急激に摩擦トルクの変化が
見られ、衝撃荷重に対する影響が顕著に表れていること
がわかる。As an experiment for obtaining this stable sliding characteristic,
FIG. 3 shows the results of measuring the friction torque when a step-like impact load is applied to the bearing. In this case, according to the present invention,
The ceramic part 6 is similar to the above-mentioned embodiment.
Eight bearings 7 having the above are formed of silicon carbide, and a WC-based cermet coating coated with tungsten is applied as the cemented carbide 5a of the sleeve 5. From the figure,
In the present invention, although the sliding surfaces of the sleeve 5 and the bearing 7 are in contact with each other, the friction torque curve is similar to the load waveform, which makes it possible to obtain stable sliding characteristics even when an impact load is applied. Recognize. On the other hand, in the conventional example in which the sliding surface between the sleeve and the bearing is in a non-contact state, the friction torque curve shows a sudden change in friction torque when an impact load is applied, and the impact on the impact load is remarkably shown. I understand.

【００２５】なお、セラミック部６を有する軸受７の場
合、特に水潤滑条件においては起動摩擦係数が０．０１
程度と小さい。そのため、起動時の摩擦トルクはセラミ
ック部６のスリーブ５に対する接触圧力を低く設定すれ
ば、コイルばね９によってセラミック部６をスリーブ５
に対し接触させても、確実に小さくすることができる。In the case of the bearing 7 having the ceramic portion 6, the starting friction coefficient is 0.01, especially under water lubrication conditions.
Small and small. Therefore, if the contact torque of the ceramic portion 6 against the sleeve 5 is set to be low, the friction torque at the time of start-up is set so that the coil portion 9 causes the ceramic portion 6 to move to the sleeve 5.
Even if they are brought into contact with each other, the size can be surely reduced.

【００２６】また、セラミック部６は耐摩耗性に優れて
いるため、スリーブ５と接触摺動させても、ほとんど損
傷しないことが実験で確認されている。It has been confirmed by experiments that the ceramic portion 6 is excellent in abrasion resistance, and therefore is hardly damaged even when it is slid in contact with the sleeve 5.

【００２７】図４及び図５に本発明によるセラミック軸
受装置の第２の実施例を示す。この実施例において、前
記第１の実施例と異なるのは軸受ケース８の外周に弾性
体１３を介し軸受ケーシング１４を設けた点にある。FIGS. 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the ceramic bearing device according to the present invention. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a bearing casing 14 is provided on the outer circumference of the bearing case 8 with an elastic body 13 interposed therebetween.

【００２８】軸受ケース８は基本的には第１の実施例と
同様の形状であり、図５に示すように、回転軸４に固定
されたスリーブ５との間で四個の軸受を配設している。
夫々の軸受７はセラミック部６を設け、また球状をなす
突起部７ｂを設けて構成されている。The bearing case 8 has basically the same shape as that of the first embodiment, and as shown in FIG. 5, four bearings are provided between the bearing case 8 and the sleeve 5 fixed to the rotary shaft 4. are doing.
Each bearing 7 is provided with a ceramic portion 6 and a spherical protrusion 7b.

【００２９】そして、軸受ケース８の外周部に弾性体１
３を介し軸受ケーシング１４が取付けられている。この
場合、弾性体１３の取付けに際しては、接着剤で固定し
ている。弾性体１３はゴム材からなっており、スリーブ
５の回転によって衝撃力が径方向に作用したとき、その
衝撃力を弾性力で吸収することにより、スリーブ５の片
当たりによる影響をいっそう緩和するこできるようにし
ている。軸受ケーシング１４の外周部には鍔部１４ａが
突設され、この鍔部１４ａがポンプケーシング１に取付
けられることとなる。The elastic body 1 is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the bearing case 8.
The bearing casing 14 is attached via 3. In this case, when the elastic body 13 is attached, it is fixed with an adhesive. The elastic body 13 is made of a rubber material, and when the impact force acts in the radial direction due to the rotation of the sleeve 5, the impact force is absorbed by the elastic force to further reduce the influence of the uneven contact of the sleeve 5. I am able to do it. A flange portion 14a is provided so as to project from the outer peripheral portion of the bearing casing 14, and the flange portion 14a is attached to the pump casing 1.

【００３０】この実施例によれば、基本的には前述した
第１の実施例と同様の作用効果を得ることができる他、
軸受ケース８の外周面に弾性体１３を介し軸受ケーシン
グ１４が取付られ、スリーブ５の回転によって生じる衝
撃力を、弾性体１３により吸収し緩和し得るので、軸受
のスリーブ５に対する耐荷重性をいっそう向上させるこ
とができ、それだけ軸受装置としての高信頼性を得るこ
とができる。According to this embodiment, basically the same operational effect as that of the first embodiment described above can be obtained, and
Since the bearing casing 14 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the bearing case 8 via the elastic body 13, the impact force generated by the rotation of the sleeve 5 can be absorbed and alleviated by the elastic body 13, so that the load bearing capacity of the bearing on the sleeve 5 is further enhanced. Therefore, it is possible to improve the reliability of the bearing device.

【００３１】さらに、図１乃至図５に示す何れの実施例
とも、軸受７の外周部に軸受ケース８に向かい球状に膨
出する突起部７ｂを形成し、該突起部７ｂの頂部が軸受
ケース８と当接することによってピボットとして機能
し、軸受７の調心機能を果たすので、第１の従来技術に
比較すると、その調心機能を持たせるため軸受ケースに
突起をいちいちねじ込んで設けることが不要になるばか
りでなく、その突起と対向する位置に溝を設けることも
不要になるので、それだけ軸受の製作を確実に容易に行
うことができる。Further, in any of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a protrusion 7b which bulges in a spherical shape toward the bearing case 8 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the bearing 7, and the top of the protrusion 7b is the bearing case. By contacting with 8, the bearing 7 functions as a pivot and performs the centering function of the bearing 7. Therefore, as compared with the first prior art, it is not necessary to screw each protrusion into the bearing case to provide the centering function. Not only is it unnecessary to provide a groove at a position facing the projection, so that the bearing can be reliably and easily manufactured.

【００３２】図６及び図７は本発明による軸受装置の第
３，第４の実施例を夫々示す。これらにおいては、軸受
７を求心方向に付勢させ、かつ該軸受７のセラミック部
６をスリーブ５の超硬合金５ａに対し適正に接触し得る
弾性手段として、コイルばね９と異なる部材を用いたも
のである。FIGS. 6 and 7 show a bearing device according to third and fourth embodiments of the present invention, respectively. In these, a member different from the coil spring 9 is used as an elastic means for urging the bearing 7 in the centripetal direction and appropriately contacting the ceramic portion 6 of the bearing 7 with the cemented carbide 5a of the sleeve 5. It is a thing.

【００３３】即ち、図６に示す実施例では、弾性手段と
してゴム紐９１を用い、該ゴム紐９１の弾性力で軸受７
をスリーブ５に接触させる。このゴム紐９１は、断面形
状が角形をしているが、丸形形状であっても良く、特に
断面形状は限定されるものではない。また、軸受７とス
リーブ５との接触圧力は、ゴム紐９１の硬さや周長（接
触圧力が０の場合の長さを測定し、接触圧力に相当する
寸法分だけ短く設定する）を変えることにより調節する
ことができる。さらに、ゴム紐９１の材質としては、耐
油性を有するものが好ましく、本例では河川水等で一般
にＮＢＲを使用しているが、これも特に限定されるもの
ではない。図７に示す実施例では、弾性手段として引張
りコイルばね９２を用い、これを二組使用することによ
って構成したものであり、基本的には図２，図４，図６
に示す実施例と同様である。That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the elastic cord 91 is used as the elastic means, and the elastic force of the elastic cord 91 causes the bearing 7 to move.
To contact the sleeve 5. The rubber cord 91 has a square cross section, but may have a round shape, and the cross sectional shape is not particularly limited. Further, the contact pressure between the bearing 7 and the sleeve 5 can be changed by changing the hardness and the peripheral length of the rubber cord 91 (the length when the contact pressure is 0 is measured and set to be shorter by a dimension corresponding to the contact pressure). Can be adjusted by. Further, as the material of the rubber cord 91, a material having oil resistance is preferable, and NBR is generally used in river water or the like in this example, but this is not particularly limited. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a tension coil spring 92 is used as the elastic means and two sets are used, and basically, the tension coil spring 92 is used.
This is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG.

【００３４】なお、これまで説明した図４乃至図７に示
す図示実施例では、軸受７が何れも４個配設された例を
示したが、その個数はスリーブ５の直径で決まるので、
図示実施例に限定されるものではない。また、水潤滑軸
受装置ではスリーブ超硬合金部５ａの摺動面の曲率に対
し、軸受７のセラミック部６の摺動面の曲率を僅かに大
きくして、セラミック部６と超硬合金部５との摺動面を
互いに全面に亘って接触させることができる。さらに、
突起部７ｂが軸受７の外周部において軸方向の中央部で
あってかつ軸受７の外周中央部に突設された例を示した
が、これは回転軸４が正，逆回転するものを対象とした
ものであり、一方向にしか回転しない回転軸に適用する
場合には、軸方向の中央部であってかつ軸受７の外周に
おいて前方位置となるよう回転方向にずらして設けるの
が好ましく、従って、回転方向によって突起部の位置が
決定されるものである。In the illustrated embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 described above, four bearings 7 are provided, but the number is determined by the diameter of the sleeve 5.
It is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. Further, in the water-lubricated bearing device, the curvature of the sliding surface of the ceramic portion 6 of the bearing 7 is made slightly larger than the curvature of the sliding surface of the sleeve cemented carbide portion 5a, so that the ceramic portion 6 and the cemented carbide portion 5 are The sliding surfaces of and can be brought into contact with each other over the entire surface. further,
An example is shown in which the protrusion 7b is provided at the central portion in the axial direction on the outer peripheral portion of the bearing 7 and protrudes at the outer peripheral central portion of the bearing 7. When it is applied to a rotary shaft that rotates only in one direction, it is preferable that it is provided so as to be shifted in the rotational direction so as to be at the front position on the outer periphery of the bearing 7 at the central portion in the axial direction, Therefore, the position of the protrusion is determined by the rotation direction.

【００３５】なお、これまでの図示実施例では、軸受装
置３が何れもポンプに適用した例を示したが、水車に適
用しても同様の効果を得ることができる。その場合、第
１の実施例では軸受ケース８を、第２〜第４の実施例で
は軸受ケーシング１４の夫々を水車の固定部材に取付け
ることによって利用することができる。In the above illustrated embodiments, the bearing device 3 is applied to the pump, but the same effect can be obtained when applied to the water turbine. In that case, the bearing case 8 can be used in the first embodiment, and the bearing casings 14 in the second to fourth embodiments can be used by attaching them to the fixing members of the water turbine.

【００３６】次に、本発明に軸受装置を水車に適用した
場合について述べる。即ち、水車は図１０に示すよう
に、回転軸４０と、回転軸４０の下部に固定されたラン
ナ４１と、ランナ４１の上部に配置され、回転軸４０を
挿通する固定体４２と、該固定体４２に回転軸４０を回
転自在に支承する本実施例のセラミック軸受装置３０と
を有している。固定体４２は中空形状をなしており、そ
の天板部４３に前記軸受３０を介し回転軸４０を支承す
ると共に、その上カバー４４と回転軸４０間に軸封装置
４５を設けている。また、固定体４２の上カバー４４と
下カバー４５とでケーシング４６が形成され、ケーシン
グ４６からランナ４１に流入する水の流量が、ガイドベ
ーン４７によって調整される。ガイドベーン４７は天板
部４３上に設けられたガイドリング４８と連結され、サ
ーボモータ４９により駆動される。Next, a case where the bearing device according to the present invention is applied to a water turbine will be described. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the water turbine includes a rotary shaft 40, a runner 41 fixed to a lower portion of the rotary shaft 40, a fixed body 42 arranged above the runner 41 and inserted through the rotary shaft 40, and the fixed body 42. The body 42 includes the ceramic bearing device 30 of the present embodiment that rotatably supports the rotary shaft 40. The fixed body 42 has a hollow shape, and supports the rotary shaft 40 on the top plate portion 43 via the bearing 30, and a shaft sealing device 45 is provided between the upper cover 44 and the rotary shaft 40. A casing 46 is formed by the upper cover 44 and the lower cover 45 of the fixed body 42, and the flow rate of water flowing from the casing 46 into the runner 41 is adjusted by the guide vanes 47. The guide vanes 47 are connected to a guide ring 48 provided on the top plate portion 43 and driven by a servo motor 49.

【００３７】そして、このセラミック軸受装置３０は、
大別すると、スリーブ５０と、軸受ケース８０と、軸受
７０と、圧力調整機構とを備えている。The ceramic bearing device 30 is
When roughly classified, it includes a sleeve 50, a bearing case 80, a bearing 70, and a pressure adjusting mechanism.

【００３８】スリーブ５０は、図８及び図９に示すよう
に、回転軸４０の周囲に沿って二分割され、その分割さ
れた互いの軸方向の両端部がボルト１８により締結され
て、回転軸４０の周囲を被っている。このスリーブ５０
の外周部における軸受７０との摺動面には第１〜第４の
実施例と同様に超硬合金部５０ａが設けられている。軸
受ケース８０は、図９に示すように筒形をなしており、
その軸方向の両端（上下）には図８に示すように、軸受
７０の両端面まで張り出す板ばね２０ａ，２０ｂが取付
けられ、該板ばね２０ａ，２０ｂの弾性力により軸受７
０の軸方向のずれを吸収しかつ緩和するようにしてい
る。軸受７０はスリーブ５０と軸受ケース８０との間に
周囲に沿って四個配設され、スリーブ５０の超硬合金部
５０ａとの摺動面には第１〜第４の実施例と同様にセラ
ミック部６０を設けている。As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the sleeve 50 is divided into two along the circumference of the rotary shaft 40, and the divided axial ends of the sleeve 50 are fastened by bolts 18 to form a rotary shaft. It covers around 40. This sleeve 50
A cemented carbide portion 50a is provided on the sliding surface of the outer peripheral portion of the bearing 70 with the bearing 70, as in the first to fourth embodiments. The bearing case 80 has a tubular shape as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, leaf springs 20a and 20b protruding to both end faces of the bearing 70 are attached to both ends (upper and lower) in the axial direction, and the bearing 7 is urged by the elastic force of the leaf springs 20a and 20b.
The axial deviation of 0 is absorbed and alleviated. Four bearings 70 are arranged along the circumference between the sleeve 50 and the bearing case 80, and the sliding surface of the sleeve 50 with the cemented carbide portion 50a is made of ceramic as in the first to fourth embodiments. A section 60 is provided.

【００３９】前記圧力調節機構は、軸受７０の外周面に
おいてその軸方向及び周方向の中央部に互いに対向する
対向壁７１が突設されると共に、その対向壁７１間に適
宜の深さをなす溝７２が形成され、その溝７２にコイル
ばね９０が設けられている。In the pressure adjusting mechanism, opposing walls 71 facing each other are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the bearing 70 at the central portions in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and an appropriate depth is formed between the opposing walls 71. A groove 72 is formed, and a coil spring 90 is provided in the groove 72.

【００４０】さらに軸方向の両端部にピボット２３が取
付けられている。Further, pivots 23 are attached to both ends in the axial direction.

【００４１】一方、軸受ケース８０には軸受７０のコイ
ルばね９０と対応する位置に調整体２１が半径方向に沿
って移動可能に取付けられている。該調整体２１は、図
８及び図９に示すように、先端が球状部２１ａをなし、
かつ他端部の外周にねじ部２１ｂを刻設すると共に、そ
の他端面に回転させるための溝２１ｃを有するボルトで
構成され、軸受ケース８０に設けたねじ穴８０ａにねじ
込まれることにより、軸受８０を挿通し、しかも半径方
向に移動できるようにしている。そして、軸受ケース８
０にねじ込まれた調整体２１の球状部２１ａが、板ばね
２２を介しコイルばね９０を押圧することにより、該コ
イルばね９０の弾性力で軸受７０のセラミック部６をス
リーブ５０に接触させ、これによってスリーブ５０に対
する各軸受７０の接触圧力を調節する。この場合、調整
体２１の移動は、該調整体２１の溝２１ｃに六角棒等の
工具を差し込んで回すことにより行う。On the other hand, the adjusting body 21 is attached to the bearing case 80 at a position corresponding to the coil spring 90 of the bearing 70 so as to be movable in the radial direction. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the adjusting body 21 has a spherical portion 21a at the tip,
In addition, a threaded portion 21b is engraved on the outer circumference of the other end portion, and is formed of a bolt having a groove 21c for rotating the other end surface, and is screwed into a threaded hole 80a provided in the bearing case 80, whereby the bearing 80 is fixed. It is inserted and can be moved in the radial direction. And the bearing case 8
The spherical portion 21a of the adjusting body 21, which is screwed into 0, presses the coil spring 90 via the leaf spring 22, so that the elastic force of the coil spring 90 causes the ceramic portion 6 of the bearing 70 to contact the sleeve 50. The contact pressure of each bearing 70 with respect to the sleeve 50 is adjusted by. In this case, the adjustment body 21 is moved by inserting a tool such as a hexagonal rod into the groove 21c of the adjustment body 21 and turning it.

【００４２】板ばね２２は、軸受７０，軸受ケース８０
間においては、各軸受７０の対向壁７１間でコイルばね
９０と調整体２１の球状部２１ａとの間に介在され、軸
方向においては各軸受７０の外周部の両端部に取付けら
れたピボット２３間に係合しており、調整体２１によっ
て押されたとき、対向壁７１間でピボット２３と２３と
の間の中央に位置するコイルばね９０を押圧することに
より、各軸受７０に調心機能をもたせるようにしてい
る。そのため、ピボット２３と２３とは、互いに各軸受
７０の外周面において、溝７２から軸方向に沿って等距
離の位置にねじ込んで固定され、その頭部が球面状をな
している。なお、符号２４は調整体２１を固定するため
のナットである。The leaf spring 22 includes a bearing 70 and a bearing case 80.
Between the coil spring 90 and the spherical portion 21a of the adjusting body 21 between the facing walls 71 of each bearing 70, and the pivots 23 attached to both ends of the outer peripheral portion of each bearing 70 in the axial direction. The bearings 70 are engaged with each other and, when pushed by the adjusting body 21, press the coil spring 90 located in the center between the pivots 23 and 23 between the facing walls 71, thereby aligning the bearings 70 with each other. I am trying to have it. Therefore, the pivots 23 and 23 are screwed and fixed to each other on the outer peripheral surface of each bearing 70 at positions equidistant from the groove 72 along the axial direction, and the heads thereof have a spherical shape. Reference numeral 24 is a nut for fixing the adjusting body 21.

【００４３】実施例によれば、回転軸４０の停止時、圧
力調整機構により各軸受７０をスリーブ５０に接触させ
るので、基本的には第１〜第４の実施例と同様の作用効
果を得ることができる。これに加え、圧力調整機構がコ
イルばね９０と調整体２１と板ばね２２とを有し、調整
体２１を軸受ケース８０の外部から調節することによ
り、スリーブ５０に対する軸受７０の接触力を調節でき
るので、軸受７０を据付けたときの調整作業が容易とな
る。しかも、スリーブ５０が分割された形状をなしてい
るので、特に水車のように大径をなす回転軸４０に装着
する場合、一体のもののように回転軸４０に圧入するこ
とが不要になるので、回転軸４０の取付け位置にそのま
ま直接取付けることができ、従って、着脱が容易となる
ので、組立及び分解が極めて良好となる。According to the embodiment, since each bearing 70 is brought into contact with the sleeve 50 by the pressure adjusting mechanism when the rotating shaft 40 is stopped, basically the same operational effects as those of the first to fourth embodiments are obtained. be able to. In addition to this, the pressure adjusting mechanism has the coil spring 90, the adjusting body 21, and the leaf spring 22, and by adjusting the adjusting body 21 from the outside of the bearing case 80, the contact force of the bearing 70 with respect to the sleeve 50 can be adjusted. Therefore, the adjustment work when the bearing 70 is installed becomes easy. Moreover, since the sleeve 50 has a divided shape, it is not necessary to press-fit the rotary shaft 40 like an integral one, especially when the sleeve 50 is mounted on the rotary shaft 40 having a large diameter like a water turbine. The rotary shaft 40 can be directly mounted on the mounting position of the rotary shaft 40 as it is, and therefore, the mounting and dismounting can be easily performed, so that the assembling and disassembling can be performed very well.

【００４４】なお、図示実施例の軸受装置３０は、水車
に利用した場合を示したが、軸受ケース８０を図１に示
す如きポンプケーシング１に取付け、ポンプに適用して
も同様の効果を得ることができるのは勿論である。Although the bearing device 30 of the illustrated embodiment is used for a water turbine, the same effect can be obtained even if the bearing case 80 is attached to the pump casing 1 as shown in FIG. 1 and applied to a pump. Of course you can.

【００４５】[0045]

【発明の効果】以上述べたように、本発明の請求項１〜
４によれば、回転軸の停止時、軸受のセラミック部を、
回転軸に固定されたスリーブの超硬合金部に接触させ、
回転軸の回転時、スリーブと軸受のセラミック部間に水
膜させるように構成したので、河川水に含まれている土
砂などの硬い粒子がスリーブとセラミック部間に入り込
むことがないばかりでなく、両者間の摺動面間で粒子の
噛み込みを防止することができ、またスリーブの片当た
りによる衝撃荷重の悪影響を防止し、安定した摺動特性
を得ることができる結果、破損するおそれがなくかつ軸
受特性に優れた効果を得ることができる。そして、請求
項６〜１７によれば、請求項１〜４と同様の軸受装置を
有しているので、土砂等の硬い粒子が入り込まずかつ摺
動特性の良好な軸受装置により、ポンプ及び水車として
高信頼性を得ることができる。As described above, the claims 1 to 3 of the present invention are as follows.
According to 4, when the rotating shaft is stopped, the ceramic part of the bearing is
Contact the cemented carbide part of the sleeve fixed to the rotating shaft,
Since the water film is formed between the sleeve and the ceramic part of the bearing when the rotary shaft rotates, not only hard particles such as earth and sand contained in river water do not enter between the sleeve and the ceramic part, but also Particles can be prevented from being caught between the sliding surfaces between them, and the adverse impact of impact load due to uneven contact of the sleeve can be prevented, and stable sliding characteristics can be obtained, resulting in no risk of damage. In addition, it is possible to obtain an excellent effect on the bearing characteristics. Further, according to claims 6 to 17, since the bearing device is the same as that of claims 1 to 4, a pump and a water turbine are provided by a bearing device that does not allow hard particles such as earth and sand to enter and has good sliding characteristics. As a result, high reliability can be obtained.

【００４６】また、請求項６〜１０によれば、破損する
おそれがなくかつ軸受特性に優れた軸受装置を有するの
で、高信頼性のポンプを提供することができ、請求項１
２〜１６によれば、同様の理由により高信頼性の水車を
得ることができる。さらに、請求項３，４，９，１０，
１５，１６によれば、スリーブに対する軸受セラミック
部の接触圧を軸受の外部から微妙に調節し得るので、調
節作業が容易となる効果もあり、特に請求項４，１０，
１６では、スリーブが分割形成されているので、大径の
回転軸であっても、スリーブの分解及び組立を容易に行
うことができる他、メインテナンスも良好となるなどの
効果がある。Further, according to claims 6 to 10, since there is a bearing device which is not likely to be damaged and has excellent bearing characteristics, it is possible to provide a highly reliable pump.
According to 2 to 16, a highly reliable water turbine can be obtained for the same reason. Furthermore, claims 3, 4, 9, 10,
According to Nos. 15 and 16, the contact pressure of the bearing ceramic portion with respect to the sleeve can be finely adjusted from the outside of the bearing, which also has the effect of facilitating the adjustment work.
In the case of No. 16, since the sleeve is formed separately, the sleeve can be easily disassembled and assembled even with a large-diameter rotating shaft, and the maintenance is also good.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明による水潤滑セラミック軸受装置を適用
した排水ポンプを示す概略図。FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a drainage pump to which a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device according to the present invention is applied.

【図２】本発明による水潤滑セラミック軸受装置の第１
の実施例を示す要部の断面図。FIG. 2 shows a first water-lubricated ceramic bearing device according to the present invention.
Sectional drawing of the principal part which shows the Example.

【図３】本発明の水潤滑セラミック軸受装置と従来技術
の軸受装置との摩擦トルクを夫々測定した結果を示す説
明図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the results of measuring the friction torques of the water-lubricated ceramic bearing device of the present invention and the conventional bearing device.

【図４】本発明の水潤滑セラミック軸受装置の第２の実
施例を示す要部の断面図。FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the essential parts showing a second embodiment of the water-lubricated ceramic bearing device of the present invention.

【図５】図４のＡ−Ａ線断面図。5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

【図６】本発明の水潤滑セラミック軸受装置の第３の実
施例を示す断面図。FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of the water-lubricated ceramic bearing device of the present invention.

【図７】本発明の水潤滑セラミック軸受装置の第４の実
施例を示す断面図。FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the water-lubricated ceramic bearing device of the present invention.

【図８】本発明の水潤滑セラミック軸受装置の他の実施
例を示す要部の断面図。FIG. 8 is a sectional view of essential parts showing another embodiment of the water-lubricated ceramic bearing device of the present invention.

【図９】図８のＢ−Ｂ線に相当する断面図。9 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to line BB in FIG.

【図１０】水潤滑セラミック軸受装置を水車に適用した
状態を示す概略説明図。FIG. 10 is a schematic explanatory view showing a state in which the water-lubricated ceramic bearing device is applied to a water turbine.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１…ポンプケーシング、２…羽根、３，３０…セラミッ
ク軸受装置、４，４０…回転軸、５，５０…スリーブ、
５ａ，５０ａ…超硬合金部、６，６…セラミック部、
７，７０…軸受、７ａ…突起部、８，８０…軸受ケー
ス、９，９０…コイルばね、９１…ゴム紐、９２…引張
りコイルばね、１３…弾性物質、１４…軸受ケーシン
グ、２１…調整体、２２…板ばね。DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pump casing, 2 ... Blades, 3,30 ... Ceramic bearing device, 4,40 ... Rotating shaft, 5, 50 ... Sleeve,
5a, 50a ... Cemented carbide part, 6, 6 ... Ceramic part,
7, 70 ... Bearing, 7a ... Projection, 8, 80 ... Bearing case, 9, 90 ... Coil spring, 91 ... Rubber cord, 92 ... Tension coil spring, 13 ... Elastic material, 14 ... Bearing casing, 21 ... Adjusting body , 22 ... Leaf springs.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 松井 志郎 茨城県土浦市神立町603番地 株式会社日 立製作所土浦工場内 (72)発明者 高田 国雄 茨城県土浦市神立町603番地 株式会社日 立製作所土浦工場内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shiro Matsui, 603 Jinritsu-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitate Works, Ltd. Tsuchiura Plant (72) Inventor Kunio Takada 603, Kintate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Nitate Works, Ltd. Tsuchiura factory

Claims (17)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超硬合金
部を設けたスリーブと、該スリーブの外周位置に配置さ
れる軸受ケースと、該軸受ケース及びスリーブ間に周方
向に沿って複数配設され、各々がスリーブとの摺接面に
セラミック部を設けると共に、外周部に軸受ケースの内
周面部に向かい球状に膨出する突起部を突設した軸受
と、該各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢させ、回転軸の停止
時、各々の軸受のセラミック部をスリーブの超硬合金部
に接触させる弾性手段とを有することを特徴とする水潤
滑セラミック軸受装置。1. A sleeve fixed to a rotating shaft and having an outer peripheral surface provided with a cemented carbide portion, a bearing case arranged at an outer peripheral position of the sleeve, and a plurality of sleeves arranged between the bearing case and the sleeve in a circumferential direction. Bearings each provided with a ceramic portion on the sliding contact surface with the sleeve, and a protrusion protruding spherically on the outer peripheral portion toward the inner peripheral surface portion of the bearing case, and centripetal of each of the bearings. Water-lubricated ceramic bearing device, comprising elastic means for urging the ceramic parts of each bearing in contact with the cemented carbide part of the sleeve when the rotating shaft is stopped. 【請求項２】 回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超硬合金
部を設けたスリーブと、該スリーブの外周位置に配置さ
れる軸受ケースと、該軸受ケース及びスリーブ間に周方
向に沿って複数配設され、各々がスリーブとの摺接面に
セラミック部を設けると共に、外周部に軸受ケースの内
周面部に向かい球状に膨出する突起部を突設した軸受
と、該各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢させ、回転軸の停止
時、各々の軸受のセラミック部をスリーブの超硬合金部
に接触させる弾性手段と、内部に弾性体を介し軸受ケー
スを取付けた軸受ケーシングとを有することを特徴とす
る水潤滑セラミック軸受装置。2. A sleeve fixed to a rotary shaft and having a cemented carbide portion on its outer peripheral surface, a bearing case arranged at the outer peripheral position of the sleeve, and a plurality of bearing cases arranged between the bearing case and the sleeve in the circumferential direction. Bearings each provided with a ceramic portion on the sliding contact surface with the sleeve, and a protrusion protruding spherically on the outer peripheral portion toward the inner peripheral surface portion of the bearing case, and centripetal of each of the bearings. And a bearing casing in which a bearing case is mounted via an elastic body inside, and elastic means for biasing the ceramic part of each bearing in contact with the cemented carbide part of the sleeve when the rotating shaft is stopped. Characteristic water-lubricated ceramic bearing device. 【請求項３】 回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超硬合金
部を設けたスリーブと、該スリーブの外周位置に配置さ
れる軸受ケースと、該軸受ケース及びスリーブ間に周方
向に沿って複数配設された軸受と、該各々の軸受を求心
方向に付勢させ、回転軸の停止時、各々の軸受のセラミ
ック部をスリーブの超硬合金部に接触させる圧力調整機
構とを備え、該圧力調整機構が、各軸受の外周部の中央
部に設けられ、かつ軸受を求心方向に付勢させる弾性手
段と、軸受ケースを挿通すると共に、該軸受ケースにお
いて各軸受の弾性手段と対応する位置に半径方向に沿っ
て移動可能に取付けられ、かつ先端部が板ばねを介し弾
性手段を押圧し得る調整体とを有し、該軸受ケースにお
ける調整体の半径方向の移動により、スリーブに対する
各軸受の接触圧力を調節するように構成したことを特徴
とする水潤滑セラミック軸受装置。3. A sleeve fixed to a rotating shaft and having a cemented carbide portion on its outer peripheral surface, a bearing case arranged at an outer peripheral position of the sleeve, and a plurality of sleeves arranged between the bearing case and the sleeve in the circumferential direction. And a pressure adjusting mechanism for biasing each of the bearings in the centripetal direction to bring the ceramic portion of each bearing into contact with the cemented carbide portion of the sleeve when the rotating shaft is stopped. The adjusting mechanism is provided at the center of the outer peripheral portion of each bearing, and the elastic means for urging the bearing in the centripetal direction is inserted into the bearing case, and at a position corresponding to the elastic means of each bearing in the bearing case. An adjusting body which is mounted so as to be movable in the radial direction and whose tip portion can press the elastic means via a leaf spring, and by the radial movement of the adjusting body in the bearing case, each of the bearings with respect to the sleeve is Contact pressure A water-lubricated ceramic bearing device, which is configured to be adjusted. 【請求項４】 回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超硬合金
部を設け、かつ複数に分割形成されたスリーブと、該ス
リーブの外周位置に配置される軸受ケースと、該軸受ケ
ース及びスリーブ間に周方向に沿って複数配設された軸
受と、該各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢させ、回転軸の停
止時、各々の軸受のセラミック部をスリーブの超硬合金
部に接触させる圧力調整機構とを備え、該圧力調整機構
手段が、各軸受の外周部の中央部に設けられ、かつ軸受
を求心方向に付勢させる弾性手段と、軸受ケースを挿通
すると共に、該軸受ケースにおいて各軸受の弾性体と対
応する位置に半径方向に沿って移動可能に取付けられ、
かつ先端部が板ばねを介し弾性手段を押圧し得る調整体
とを有し、該軸受ケースにおける調整体の半径方向の移
動により、スリーブに対する各軸受の接触圧力を調節す
るように構成したことを特徴とする水潤滑セラミック軸
受装置。4. A sleeve which is fixed to a rotary shaft and which is provided with a cemented carbide portion on its outer peripheral surface and which is divided into a plurality of parts, a bearing case arranged at an outer peripheral position of the sleeve, and between the bearing case and the sleeve. A plurality of bearings arranged along the circumferential direction, and biasing each of the bearings in the centripetal direction, and adjusting the pressure to bring the ceramic part of each bearing into contact with the cemented carbide part of the sleeve when the rotating shaft is stopped A pressure adjusting mechanism means, the pressure adjusting mechanism means is provided at a central portion of an outer peripheral portion of each bearing, and elastic means for urging the bearing in a centripetal direction is inserted through the bearing case, and each bearing in the bearing case. It is attached so as to be movable in the radial direction at a position corresponding to the elastic body of
Further, the tip end portion has an adjusting body capable of pressing the elastic means via the leaf spring, and the contact pressure of each bearing with respect to the sleeve is adjusted by the radial movement of the adjusting body in the bearing case. Characteristic water-lubricated ceramic bearing device. 【請求項５】 前記弾性手段は、圧縮コイルばねと引張
りコイルばねとゴム紐との何れか一方からなることを特
徴とする請求項１〜４の何れか一項に記載の水潤滑セラ
ミック軸受装置。5. The water-lubricated ceramic bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the elastic means comprises one of a compression coil spring, a tension coil spring, and a rubber cord. . 【請求項６】 回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超硬合金
部を設けたスリーブと、該スリーブの外周位置に配置さ
れる軸受ケースと、該軸受ケース及びスリーブ間に周方
向に沿って複数配設され、各々がスリーブとの摺接面に
セラミック部を設けると共に、外周部に軸受ケースの内
周面部に向かって球状に膨出する突起部を突設した軸受
と、該各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢させ、回転軸の停止
時、各々の軸受のセラミック部をスリーブの超硬合金部
に接触させる弾性手段とからなる水潤滑セラミック軸受
装置を有することを特徴とするポンプ。6. A sleeve fixed to a rotating shaft and having a cemented carbide portion on its outer peripheral surface, a bearing case arranged at the outer peripheral position of the sleeve, and a plurality of bearing cases arranged between the bearing case and the sleeve in the circumferential direction. Bearings each provided with a ceramic portion on the sliding contact surface with the sleeve and a protrusion protruding spherically on the outer peripheral portion toward the inner peripheral surface portion of the bearing case, and the respective bearings. A pump having a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device comprising elastic means for urging in a centripetal direction to bring the ceramic part of each bearing into contact with the cemented carbide part of the sleeve when the rotating shaft is stopped. 【請求項７】 回転軸と、該回転軸に下部に固定された
羽根と、回転軸を挿通すると共に、内部に水の流路を形
成したポンプケーシングと、該ポンプケーシング及び回
転軸間に装着され、回転軸を回転自在に支承する水潤滑
セラミック軸受装置とを有するポンプにおいて、回転軸
に固定されかつ外周面に超硬合金部を設けたスリーブ
と、該スリーブの外周位置に配置される軸受ケースと、
該軸受ケース及びスリーブ間に周方向に沿って複数配設
され、各々がスリーブとの摺接面にセラミック部を設け
ると共に、外周部に軸受ケースの内周面部に向かい球状
に膨出する突起部を突設した軸受と、該各々の軸受を求
心方向に付勢させ、回転軸の停止時、各々の軸受のセラ
ミック部をスリーブの超硬合金部に接触させる弾性手段
と、内部に弾性体を介し軸受ケースを取付け、かつ前記
ポンプケーシングに取付けられる軸受ケーシングとを有
することを特徴とするポンプ。7. A rotary shaft, a vane fixed to the lower part of the rotary shaft, a pump casing having a water passage formed therein, the rotary shaft being inserted, and a pump casing mounted between the pump casing and the rotary shaft. And a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device that rotatably supports a rotating shaft, a bearing fixed to the rotating shaft and having a cemented carbide portion on its outer peripheral surface, and a bearing arranged at an outer peripheral position of the sleeve. A case,
A plurality of protrusions are provided between the bearing case and the sleeve along the circumferential direction, and each has a ceramic portion on the sliding contact surface with the sleeve, and a spherical protrusion on the outer peripheral portion toward the inner peripheral surface portion of the bearing case. The protruding bearings, elastic means for biasing the respective bearings in the centripetal direction, and for bringing the ceramic portion of each bearing into contact with the cemented carbide portion of the sleeve, and an elastic body inside. And a bearing casing attached to the pump casing. 【請求項８】 回転軸と、該回転軸に下部に固定された
羽根と、回転軸を挿通すると共に、内部に水の流路を形
成したポンプケーシングと、該ポンプケーシング及び回
転軸間に装着され、回転軸を回転自在に支承する水潤滑
セラミック軸受装置とを有するポンプにおいて、前記セ
ラミック軸受装置は、回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超
硬合金部を設けたスリーブと、該スリーブの外周位置に
配置される軸受ケースと、該軸受ケース及びスリーブ間
に周方向に沿って複数配設され、各々がスリーブとの摺
接面にセラミック部を設けると共に、外周部に軸受ケー
スの内周面部に向かい球状に膨出する突起部を突設した
軸受と、該各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢させ、回転軸の
停止時、各々の軸受のセラミック部をスリーブの超硬合
金部に接触させる弾性手段と、内部に弾性体を介し軸受
ケースを取付け、かつポンプケーシングに取付けられる
軸受ケーシングとを有することを特徴とするポンプ。8. A rotary shaft, a vane fixed to the lower part of the rotary shaft, a pump casing having the rotary shaft inserted therethrough and a water passage formed inside, and a pump casing mounted between the rotary casing and the rotary shaft. And a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device that rotatably supports a rotating shaft, wherein the ceramic bearing device is a sleeve fixed to the rotating shaft and provided with a cemented carbide portion on an outer peripheral surface thereof, and an outer periphery of the sleeve. A plurality of bearing cases arranged at positions are provided along the circumferential direction between the bearing case and the sleeve, each of which has a ceramic portion on a sliding contact surface with the sleeve and an inner peripheral surface portion of the bearing case on an outer peripheral portion. Bearings that are provided with projecting portions that bulge in a spherical shape toward each other, and bias each bearing in the centripetal direction, and when the rotating shaft is stopped, the ceramic portion of each bearing contacts the cemented carbide portion of the sleeve. Bullet And a bearing casing attached to the pump casing via an elastic body inside, and a bearing casing attached to the pump casing. 【請求項９】 回転軸と、該回転軸に下部に固定された
羽根と、回転軸を挿通すると共に、内部に水の流路を形
成したポンプケーシングと、該ポンプケーシング及び回
転軸間に装着され、回転軸を回転自在に支承する水潤滑
セラミック軸受装置とを有するポンプにおいて、前記セ
ラミック軸受装置は、回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超
硬合金部を設けたスリーブと、該スリーブの外周位置に
配置され、かつポンプケーシングに取付けられる軸受ケ
ースと、該軸受ケース及びスリーブ間に周方向に沿って
複数配設された軸受と、該各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢
させ、回転軸の停止時、各々の軸受のセラミック部をス
リーブの超硬合金部に接触させる圧力調整機構とを備
え、該圧力調整機構が、各々の軸受の外周部の中央部に
設けられ、かつ軸受を求心方向に付勢させる弾性手段
と、軸受ケースを挿通すると共に、該軸受ケースにおい
て各軸受の弾性手段と対応する位置に半径方向に沿って
移動可能に取付けられ、かつ先端部が板ばねを介し弾性
手段を押圧し得る調整体とを有し、該軸受ケースにおけ
る調整体の半径方向の移動により、スリーブに対する各
軸受の接触圧力を調節するように構成したことを特徴と
するポンプ。9. A rotary shaft, a vane fixed to the lower part of the rotary shaft, a pump casing having a water channel formed therein, the rotary shaft being inserted, and a pump casing mounted between the rotary casing and the rotary shaft. And a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device that rotatably supports a rotating shaft, wherein the ceramic bearing device is a sleeve fixed to the rotating shaft and provided with a cemented carbide portion on an outer peripheral surface thereof, and an outer periphery of the sleeve. A bearing case that is arranged at a position and attached to the pump casing, a plurality of bearings that are arranged between the bearing case and the sleeve along the circumferential direction, and each of the bearings is urged in the centripetal direction, A pressure adjusting mechanism for bringing the ceramic portion of each bearing into contact with the cemented carbide portion of the sleeve when stopped, the pressure adjusting mechanism being provided in the center of the outer peripheral portion of each bearing, and The elastic means for urging in the centripetal direction and the bearing case are inserted, and are mounted movably in the radial direction in positions corresponding to the elastic means of each bearing in the bearing case, and the tip end is provided with a leaf spring. A pump configured to press the elastic means, and the contact pressure of each bearing with respect to the sleeve is adjusted by the radial movement of the adjuster in the bearing case. 【請求項１０】 回転軸と、該回転軸に下部に固定され
た羽根と、回転軸を挿通すると共に、内部に水の流路を
形成したポンプケーシングと、該ポンプケーシング及び
回転軸間に装着され、回転軸を回転自在に支承する水潤
滑セラミック軸受装置とを有するポンプにおいて、前記
セラミック軸受装置は、回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に
超硬合金部を設け、かつ複数に分割形成されたスリーブ
と、該スリーブの外周位置に配置され、かつポンプケー
シングに取付けられる軸受ケースと、該軸受ケース及び
スリーブ間に周方向に沿って複数配設された軸受と、該
各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢させ、回転軸の停止時、各
々の軸受のセラミック部をスリーブの超硬合金部に接触
させる圧力調整機構とを備え、該圧力調整機構手段が、
各々の軸受の外周部の中央部に設けられ、かつ軸受を求
心方向に付勢させる弾性手段と、軸受ケースを挿通する
と共に、該軸受ケースにおいて各軸受の弾性体と対応す
る位置に半径方向に沿って移動可能に取付けられ、かつ
先端部が板ばねを介し弾性手段を押圧し得る調整体とを
有し、該軸受ケースにおける調整体の半径方向の移動に
より、スリーブに対する各軸受の接触圧力を調節するよ
うに構成したことを特徴とするポンプ。10. A rotary shaft, a vane fixed to the lower part of the rotary shaft, a pump casing having a water passage formed therein, the rotary shaft being inserted, and a pump casing mounted between the rotary casing and the rotary shaft. And a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, wherein the ceramic bearing device is fixed to the rotating shaft, has an outer peripheral surface provided with a cemented carbide portion, and is divided into a plurality of parts. A sleeve, a bearing case arranged at an outer peripheral position of the sleeve and attached to the pump casing, a plurality of bearings arranged circumferentially between the bearing case and the sleeve, and the respective bearings in the centripetal direction. A pressure adjusting mechanism for biasing the ceramic portion of each bearing into contact with the cemented carbide portion of the sleeve when the rotating shaft is stopped, and the pressure adjusting mechanism means comprises:
The elastic means, which is provided in the central portion of the outer peripheral portion of each bearing and biases the bearing in the centripetal direction, is inserted through the bearing case, and the radial direction is set at a position corresponding to the elastic body of each bearing in the bearing case. An adjusting body which is movably mounted along the tip and can press the elastic means through a leaf spring, and by the radial movement of the adjusting body in the bearing case, the contact pressure of each bearing with respect to the sleeve is increased. A pump characterized by being configured to be adjusted. 【請求項１１】 前記弾性手段は、圧縮コイルばねと引
張りコイルばねとゴム紐との何れか一方からなることを
特徴とする請求項６〜１０の何れか一項に記載のポン
プ。11. The pump according to claim 6, wherein the elastic means is composed of any one of a compression coil spring, a tension coil spring, and a rubber cord. 【請求項１２】 回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超硬合
金部を設けたスリーブと、該スリーブの外周位置に配置
される軸受ケースと、該軸受ケース及びスリーブ間に周
方向に沿って複数配設され、各々がスリーブとの摺接面
にセラミック部を設けると共に、外周部に軸受ケースの
内周面部に向かって球状に膨出する突起部を突設した軸
受と、該各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢させ、回転軸の停
止時、各々の軸受のセラミック部をスリーブの超硬合金
部に接触させる弾性手段とからなる水潤滑セラミック軸
受装置を有することを特徴とする水車。12. A sleeve fixed to a rotating shaft and having an outer peripheral surface provided with a cemented carbide portion, a bearing case arranged at an outer peripheral position of the sleeve, and a plurality of sleeves arranged between the bearing case and the sleeve in the circumferential direction. Bearings each provided with a ceramic portion on the sliding contact surface with the sleeve and a protrusion protruding spherically on the outer peripheral portion toward the inner peripheral surface portion of the bearing case, and the respective bearings. A water turbine comprising a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device comprising elastic means for urging in a centripetal direction and contacting a ceramic portion of each bearing with a cemented carbide portion of a sleeve when the rotating shaft is stopped. 【請求項１３】 回転軸と、該回転軸の下部に固定され
たランナと、内部にランナを配置すると共に回転軸を挿
通した固定部材と、固定部材及び回転軸間に装着され、
回転軸を回転自在に支承する水潤滑セラミック軸受装置
とを有する水車において、回転軸に固定されかつ外周面
に超硬合金部を設けたスリーブと、該スリーブの外周位
置に配置される軸受ケースと、該軸受ケース及びスリー
ブ間に周方向に沿って複数配設され、各々がスリーブと
の摺接面にセラミック部を設けると共に、外周部に軸受
ケースの内周面部に向かい球状に膨出する突起部を突設
した軸受と、該各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢させ、回転
軸の停止時、各々の軸受のセラミック部をスリーブの超
硬合金部に接触させる弾性手段と、内部に弾性体を介し
軸受ケースを取付け、かつ前記固定部材に取付けられる
軸受ケーシングとを有することを特徴とする水車。13. A rotating shaft, a runner fixed to a lower portion of the rotating shaft, a fixing member having the runner arranged therein and having the rotating shaft inserted therein, and mounted between the fixing member and the rotating shaft.
In a water turbine having a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device that rotatably supports a rotating shaft, a sleeve fixed to the rotating shaft and provided with a cemented carbide portion on an outer peripheral surface, and a bearing case arranged at an outer peripheral position of the sleeve. A plurality of protrusions are provided between the bearing case and the sleeve along the circumferential direction, and each has a ceramic portion on the sliding contact surface with the sleeve, and a spherical protrusion on the outer peripheral portion toward the inner peripheral surface portion of the bearing case. Bearings having protruding portions, elastic means for biasing the bearings in the centripetal direction, and contacting the ceramic portion of each bearing with the cemented carbide portion of the sleeve when the rotating shaft is stopped, and an elastic body inside. And a bearing casing attached to the fixing member via a bearing case. 【請求項１４】 回転軸と、該回転軸の下部に固定され
たランナと、内部にランナを配置すると共に回転軸を挿
通した固定部材と、固定部材及び回転軸間に装着され、
回転軸を回転自在に支承する水潤滑セラミック軸受装置
とを有する水車において、前記セラミック軸受装置は、
回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超硬合金部を設けたスリ
ーブと、該スリーブの外周位置に配置される軸受ケース
と、該軸受ケース及びスリーブ間に周方向に沿って複数
配設され、各々がスリーブとの摺接面にセラミック部を
設けると共に、外周部に軸受ケースの内周面部に向かい
球状に膨出する突起部を突設した軸受と、該各々の軸受
を求心方向に付勢させ、回転軸の停止時、各々の軸受の
セラミック部をスリーブの超硬合金部に接触させる弾性
手段と、内部に弾性体を介し軸受ケースを取付け、かつ
前記固定部材に取付けられる軸受ケーシングとを有する
ことを特徴とする水車。14. A rotary shaft, a runner fixed to a lower portion of the rotary shaft, a fixing member having the runner arranged therein and having the rotary shaft inserted therethrough, and mounted between the fixing member and the rotary shaft,
In a water turbine having a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device that rotatably supports a rotating shaft, the ceramic bearing device comprises:
A sleeve fixed to the rotating shaft and provided with a cemented carbide portion on its outer peripheral surface, a bearing case arranged at an outer peripheral position of the sleeve, and a plurality of bearing cases arranged between the bearing case and the sleeve in the circumferential direction. Is provided with a ceramic part on the sliding contact surface with the sleeve, and a bearing provided with a protrusion protruding in a spherical shape on the outer peripheral part toward the inner peripheral surface part of the bearing case, and biasing each of the bearings in the centripetal direction. An elastic means for bringing the ceramic part of each bearing into contact with the cemented carbide part of the sleeve when the rotary shaft is stopped, and a bearing casing that is internally mounted with a bearing case via an elastic body and is mounted on the fixed member. A water turbine characterized by that. 【請求項１５】 回転軸と、該回転軸の下部に固定され
たランナと、内部にランナを配置すると共に回転軸を挿
通した固定部材と、固定部材及び回転軸間に装着され、
回転軸を回転自在に支承する水潤滑セラミック軸受装置
とを有する水車において、前記セラミック軸受装置は、
回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超硬合金部を設けたスリ
ーブと、該スリーブの外周位置に配置され、かつ前記固
定部材に取付けられる軸受ケースと、該軸受ケース及び
スリーブ間に周方向に沿って複数配設された軸受と、該
各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢させ、回転軸の停止時、各
々の軸受のセラミック部をスリーブの超硬合金部に接触
させる圧力調整機構とを備え、該圧力調整機構が、各々
の軸受の外周部の中央部に設けられ、かつ軸受を求心方
向に付勢させる弾性手段と、軸受ケースを挿通すると共
に、該軸受ケースにおいて各軸受の弾性手段と対応する
位置に半径方向に沿って移動可能に取付けられ、かつ先
端部が板ばねを介し弾性手段を押圧し得る調整体とを有
し、該軸受ケースにおける調整体の半径方向の移動によ
り、スリーブに対する各軸受の接触圧力を調節するよう
に構成したことを特徴とする水車。15. A rotating shaft, a runner fixed to a lower portion of the rotating shaft, a fixing member having the runner disposed therein and having the rotating shaft inserted therein, and mounted between the fixing member and the rotating shaft.
In a water turbine having a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device that rotatably supports a rotating shaft, the ceramic bearing device comprises:
A sleeve fixed to the rotating shaft and provided with a cemented carbide portion on the outer peripheral surface, a bearing case arranged at the outer peripheral position of the sleeve and attached to the fixing member, and a circumferential direction between the bearing case and the sleeve. And a pressure adjusting mechanism for biasing each of the bearings in the centripetal direction to bring the ceramic part of each bearing into contact with the cemented carbide part of the sleeve when the rotating shaft is stopped, The pressure adjusting mechanism is provided at the central portion of the outer peripheral portion of each bearing, and the elastic means for urging the bearing in the centripetal direction is inserted through the bearing case and corresponds to the elastic means of each bearing in the bearing case. At a position movably in the radial direction and having a tip end that can press the elastic means via a leaf spring, and the sleeve moves by the movement of the adjuster in the bearing case in the radial direction. versus Water wheel, characterized by being configured to adjust the contact pressure of the bearings that. 【請求項１６】 回転軸と、該回転軸の下部に固定され
たランナと、内部にランナを配置すると共に回転軸を挿
通した固定部材と、固定部材及び回転軸間に装着され、
回転軸を回転自在に支承する水潤滑セラミック軸受装置
とを有する水車において、前記セラミック軸受装置は、
回転軸に固定されかつ外周面に超硬合金部を設け、かつ
複数に分割形成されたスリーブと、該スリーブの外周位
置に配置され、かつ前記固定部材に取付けられる軸受ケ
ースと、該軸受ケース及びスリーブ間に周方向に沿って
複数配設された軸受と、該各々の軸受を求心方向に付勢
させ、回転軸の停止時、各々の軸受のセラミック部をス
リーブの超硬合金部に接触させる圧力調整機構とを備
え、該圧力調整機構手段が、各々の軸受の外周部の中央
部に設けられ、かつ軸受を求心方向に付勢させる弾性手
段と、軸受ケースを挿通すると共に、該軸受ケースにお
いて各軸受の弾性体と対応する位置に半径方向に沿って
移動可能に取付けられ、かつ先端部が板ばねを介し弾性
手段を押圧し得る調整体とを有し、該軸受ケースにおけ
る調整体の半径方向の移動により、スリーブに対する各
軸受の接触圧力を調節するように構成したことを特徴と
する水車。16. A rotating shaft, a runner fixed to a lower portion of the rotating shaft, a fixing member having the runner arranged therein and having the rotating shaft inserted therein, and mounted between the fixing member and the rotating shaft,
In a water turbine having a water-lubricated ceramic bearing device that rotatably supports a rotating shaft, the ceramic bearing device comprises:
A sleeve fixed to the rotating shaft, provided with a cemented carbide portion on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and divided into a plurality of sleeves; a bearing case arranged at the outer peripheral position of the sleeve and attached to the fixing member; A plurality of bearings arranged in the circumferential direction between the sleeves and the respective bearings are urged in the centripetal direction, and when the rotating shaft is stopped, the ceramic portion of each bearing is brought into contact with the cemented carbide portion of the sleeve. A pressure adjusting mechanism, wherein the pressure adjusting mechanism means is provided at the center of the outer peripheral portion of each bearing, and elastic means for biasing the bearing in the centripetal direction is inserted through the bearing case and the bearing case. At the position corresponding to the elastic body of each bearing along with the radial direction, and having an adjusting body whose tip portion can press the elastic means through a leaf spring, Radial direction By moving, water wheel, characterized by being configured to adjust the contact pressure of the bearing relative to the sleeve. 【請求項１７】 前記弾性手段は、圧縮コイルばねと引
張りコイルばねとゴム紐との何れか一方からなることを
特徴とする請求項１２〜１６の何れか一項に記載の水
車。17. The water turbine according to claim 12, wherein the elastic means is formed of any one of a compression coil spring, a tension coil spring, and a rubber cord.
JP28065994A 1994-11-15 1994-11-15 Water lubricated ceramic bearing device, pump and water wheel Expired - Fee Related JP3745396B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28065994A JP3745396B2 (en) 1994-11-15 1994-11-15 Water lubricated ceramic bearing device, pump and water wheel

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28065994A JP3745396B2 (en) 1994-11-15 1994-11-15 Water lubricated ceramic bearing device, pump and water wheel

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JP2005344878A (en) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-15 Kubota Corp Bearing structure for pump
JP2007263185A (en) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-11 Kubota Corp Sliding bearing device and pump device
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CN102943731A (en) * 2012-10-16 2013-02-27 大连三环复合材料技术开发有限公司 Water-lubricated combined bearing
KR200471277Y1 (en) * 2011-12-05 2014-02-19 독터. 인제니어. 하.체. 에프. 포르쉐 악티엔게젤샤프트 Multiple-part guide bearing for use in a motor-vehicle bearing block
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002013462A (en) * 2000-06-30 2002-01-18 Toshiba Corp Hydraulic machine and manufacturing method for hydraulic machine
DE10152712B4 (en) * 2001-10-19 2015-10-15 Aloys Wobben Generator for a hydroelectric power plant
EP1440240B1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2009-12-02 Aloys Wobben Generator for a hydro-electric station
JP2005344878A (en) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-15 Kubota Corp Bearing structure for pump
JP2007263185A (en) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-11 Kubota Corp Sliding bearing device and pump device
JP2008014246A (en) * 2006-07-06 2008-01-24 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Hydraulic power generator
KR200471277Y1 (en) * 2011-12-05 2014-02-19 독터. 인제니어. 하.체. 에프. 포르쉐 악티엔게젤샤프트 Multiple-part guide bearing for use in a motor-vehicle bearing block
KR101373070B1 (en) * 2012-08-27 2014-03-11 한밭대학교 산학협력단 Gas compressor with high speed impeller and gas compressor system including the same
CN102943731A (en) * 2012-10-16 2013-02-27 大连三环复合材料技术开发有限公司 Water-lubricated combined bearing
CN104373371A (en) * 2014-10-23 2015-02-25 上海电气凯士比核电泵阀有限公司 Ceramic bearing and nuclear electric pump with same
CN109715995A (en) * 2016-09-13 2019-05-03 西门子股份公司 Seals
CN109715995B (en) * 2016-09-13 2022-12-20 西门子能源全球有限两合公司 Gas seal
DE102020115918A1 (en) 2020-06-17 2021-07-22 Voith Patent Gmbh System with a hydraulic machine with a horizontal shaft and operating procedures
JP2022026636A (en) * 2020-07-31 2022-02-10 株式会社リコー Water turbine generator

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