JPH0813420B2 - Consumable electrode type gas shielded arc welding method - Google Patents
Consumable electrode type gas shielded arc welding methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0813420B2 JPH0813420B2 JP18721288A JP18721288A JPH0813420B2 JP H0813420 B2 JPH0813420 B2 JP H0813420B2 JP 18721288 A JP18721288 A JP 18721288A JP 18721288 A JP18721288 A JP 18721288A JP H0813420 B2 JPH0813420 B2 JP H0813420B2
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- welding
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- arc
- consumable electrode
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は消耗性電極式ガスシールドアーク溶接方法、
特に直流電源により消耗性電極の供給量に応じて溶接電
流を変化させ、超低周波パルスアークにより溶接を行う
消耗性電極式ガスシールドアーク溶接方法の改良に関す
る。The present invention relates to a consumable electrode type gas shielded arc welding method,
Particularly, the present invention relates to an improvement of a consumable electrode type gas shield arc welding method in which a welding current is changed by a DC power source according to the supply amount of a consumable electrode and welding is performed by an ultra low frequency pulse arc.
従来の技術 従来、消耗性電極と溶接母材との間にアークを発生さ
せて溶接を行なう消耗性電極式ガスシールドアーク溶接
方法において、特に立向上進溶接あるいは全姿勢溶接等
を行なう場合には、溶湯の垂れ落ちが生じ易いことか
ら、溶湯の溶融と凝固とを繰り返しながら溶接を行なっ
ている。このように溶湯の溶融と凝固とを繰り返すため
に従来においては、消耗性電極に溶接電源の正極を接続
し溶接母材に溶接電源の負極を接続して消耗性電極と溶
接母材との間に逆極性アークを発生させて溶接を行な
い、かつこのときの逆極性アークの溶接を第２図に示さ
れた様なピーク電流IPとベース電流IBの繰り返しから成
る超低周波パルス状の溶接電流で行なっていた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a consumable electrode type gas shielded arc welding method in which an arc is generated between a consumable electrode and a welding base material to perform welding, particularly in the case of performing vertical advance welding or all-position welding, etc. Since the molten metal easily drops, the welding is performed while melting and solidifying the molten metal repeatedly. In order to repeat melting and solidification of the molten metal in this way, conventionally, the consumable electrode is connected to the positive electrode of the welding power source and the welding base material is connected to the negative electrode of the welding power source so that the consumable electrode and the welding base material are connected to each other. Welding is performed by generating a reverse polarity arc at the same time, and the welding of the reverse polarity arc at this time is carried out by repeating the peak current I P and the base current I B as shown in FIG. It was done with welding current.
なお、第２図において縦軸は消耗性電極と溶接母材と
の間に流れる溶接電流を示しており、横軸は時刻を示し
ている。そして、通常の溶接の場合にはピーク電流は20
0A〜300Aに設定されベース電流IBは80〜160Aに設定され
る。In FIG. 2, the vertical axis represents the welding current flowing between the consumable electrode and the welding base material, and the horizontal axis represents the time. And in the case of normal welding, the peak current is 20
Base current I B is set to 0A~300A is set to 80～160A.
また、T1はピーク電流IPの通電期間であるパルス幅、
T2はベース電流IBの通電期間であるパルス幅である。Further, T 1 is a pulse width which is a conduction period of the peak current I P ,
T 2 is a pulse width that is a conduction period of the base current I B.
このような超低周波パルス状の溶接電流によりＶ開先
の上進溶接を行なうには溶接電流が消耗性電極の送給量
により可変できるので、消耗性電極（主にワイヤ電極を
用いる）の送給量を多くし第２図のベース電流のIBを流
して溶融池を冷却凝固させるようにする。この結果、融
合不良が生ぜず、かつ溶湯の垂れ落ちがない溶接を行う
ことができる。In order to perform upward welding of a V-groove by such a super-low frequency pulsed welding current, the welding current can be changed by the feed amount of the consumable electrode, so that the consumable electrode (mainly a wire electrode is used) to increase the feed rate by flowing I B of the base current of the second view so as to cool solidifying the molten pool. As a result, it is possible to perform welding without causing fusion failure and preventing the molten metal from dripping.
なお、以上の説明において、消耗性電極の送給量に応
じてアーク電圧の調節制御を行なう必要がある。（特開
昭62−6908号公報） 発明が解決しようとする課題 しかしながら、以上のようにしてベース電流IBを得る
ために消耗性電極の送給量を減少させることとすれば、
ベース電流IBが流れている期間では消耗性電極の送給量
が減少することとなるので、以上説明した従来の溶接方
法ではベース電流IBが流れている期間では溶接速度が低
くなってしまうという欠点があった。なお、全体として
溶接速度を高めるためにはピーク電流IPあるいはベース
電流IBの増加を図れば良いのであるが、そうすると溶湯
の垂れ落ちが生ずることとなってしまい所期の目的を達
成することができなくなってしまう。In the above description, it is necessary to control the arc voltage according to the feed amount of the consumable electrode. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-6908) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in order to obtain the base current I B as described above, if the amount of supply of the consumable electrode is reduced,
Since the feed rate of the consumable electrode decreases during the period when the base current I B is flowing, the conventional welding method described above reduces the welding speed during the period when the base current I B is flowing. There was a drawback. In order to increase the welding speed as a whole, it is sufficient to increase the peak current I P or the base current I B , but if this is done, the molten metal will drip and the intended purpose will be achieved. Will not be possible.
課題を解決するための手段 本発明は消耗性電極と溶接母材との間にアークを発生
させて、溶接母材の溶接を行なう消耗電極式ガスシール
ドアーク溶接方法においては、消耗性電極が陽極となる
逆極性アーク溶接状態において、アークを維持するパル
ス幅が４〜10msecのベース電流上に、パルス幅が約2mse
c、ピーク値が消耗性電極の臨界電流値以上のピーク電
流を重畳した電流を通電することにより逆極性アークを
発生し、続いて溶接母材が陽極となる正極性アーク溶接
状態においては、ピーク値が前記ベース電流の絶対値よ
り大きい100A〜200A、パルス幅が２〜5msecの正極性電
流を通電することにより正極性アークを発生し、かつ前
記逆極性アークと前記正極性アークを組合せた交流電流
を交互に数回繰り返すアーク溶接状態と、前記ベース電
流の絶対値より大きい小電流の正極性の短絡移行形アー
ク溶接状態を50msec〜200msec行なう正極性の短絡移行
形アーク溶接状態とを交互に繰り返して溶接を行うこと
を特徴とする消耗性電極式ガスシールドアーク溶接方法
である。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a consumable electrode type gas shielded arc welding method in which an arc is generated between a consumable electrode and a welding base material to weld the welding base material. In the reverse polarity arc welding state, the pulse width for maintaining the arc is 4 to 10 msec on the base current and the pulse width is about 2 mse.
c, a peak value is generated in the positive polarity arc welding state in which a reverse polarity arc is generated by passing a current that superimposes a peak current that is greater than or equal to the critical current value of the consumable electrode, and then the welding base metal becomes the anode. AC having a value of 100 A to 200 A larger than the absolute value of the base current and a pulse width of 2 to 5 msec to generate a positive polarity arc, and combining the reverse polarity arc and the positive polarity arc The arc welding state in which the current is alternately repeated several times, and the positive polarity short-circuit transition type arc welding state in which the positive polarity short-circuit transition type arc welding state of a small current larger than the absolute value of the base current is performed for 50 msec to 200 msec are alternately performed. It is a consumable electrode type gas shield arc welding method characterized by repeating welding.
作用 すなわち、本発明は、前述した従来の場合と同様に溶
融池の形成と溶融池の冷却凝固とを繰り返して溶接を行
うものであるが、溶融池の形成時には逆極性のピーク電
流とベース電流、そしてそれに続く正極性電流により送
給量の増大をはかり、溶融池の冷却凝固の時には、正極
性アークによる溶接を行なう場合に入熱が少ないことに
着目して、正極性の短絡移行形アークによる溶接を行な
っている。そして溶湯の垂れ落ちの生じにくい高速溶接
を実現している。Action That is, the present invention is to perform welding by repeatedly forming the molten pool and cooling and solidifying the molten pool in the same manner as the conventional case described above, but when forming the molten pool, the peak current and the base current of opposite polarity are formed. , And the subsequent positive current to increase the feed rate, and pay attention to the fact that the heat input is small when welding with the positive arc during cooling and solidification of the molten pool. We are performing welding. Also, high-speed welding that prevents the molten metal from dripping is realized.
実施例 第１図には本発明に用いられる溶接電流波形が示され
ている。第１図において、▲Ｉ′ Ｂ▼は消耗性電極が陽
極となる逆極性アーク溶接状態において、アークを維持
するベース電流、▲Ｉ′ Ｐ▼は消耗性電極を溶融させる
臨界電流値以上のピーク電流、ISは母材への入熱が少な
く、ワイヤ送給量の増大をはかる正極性電流である。こ
こで、臨界電流値とは、消耗性電極がこの電極の直径以
下の球滴で溶融する電流値である。そしてIss溶融池の
冷却凝固を目的とした正極性短絡移行形アークの正極性
電流である。この時消耗性電極が陽極となる逆極性アー
ク溶接状態においては、アークを維持するパルス幅が４
〜10msecのベース電流▲Ｉ′ Ｂ▼上に、パルス幅が2mse
c、ピーク値が消耗性電極の臨界電流値以上のピーク電
流▲Ｉ′ Ｐ▼を重畳し、電流を通電することにより逆極
性アークを発生する。続いて溶接母材が陽極となる正極
性アーク溶接状態においては、ピーク値が前記ベース電
流の絶対値より大きい100A〜200A、パルス幅が２〜5Ase
cの正極性電流を通電することにより、正極性電流Isを
発生する。前記逆極性アークと前記正極性アークとを組
合せた交流電流を交互に数回繰り返すアーク溶接状態
と、前記ベース電流の絶対値より大きい小電流の正極性
電流を通電する短絡移行形アークIss溶接状態を50msec
〜200msec行なう正極性の短絡移行形アーク溶接状態と
を交互に繰り返して溶接を行なう。Example FIG. 1 shows a welding current waveform used in the present invention. In FIG. 1, ▲ I ′ B ▼ is a base current that maintains an arc in a reverse polarity arc welding state in which the consumable electrode serves as an anode, and ▲ I ′ P ▼ is a peak that is equal to or higher than a critical current value for melting the consumable electrode. The electric current, I S, is a positive electric current that reduces the heat input to the base material and increases the wire feed rate. Here, the critical current value is a current value at which the consumable electrode melts in a spherical droplet having a diameter equal to or smaller than the diameter of the electrode. And, it is the positive polarity current of the positive polarity short circuit transfer type arc for the purpose of cooling and solidifying the I ss molten pool. At this time, in the reverse polarity arc welding state in which the consumable electrode serves as the anode, the pulse width for maintaining the arc is 4
The base current ▲ I 'B above ▼ of ～10Msec, pulse width 2mse
c, the peak value by superimposing a critical current value or the peak current ▲ I 'P consumable electrode ▼, generates a reverse polarity arc and by applying a current. Then, in the positive arc welding state in which the welding base metal serves as an anode, the peak value is 100 A to 200 A, which is larger than the absolute value of the base current, and the pulse width is 2 to 5 Ase.
By supplying the positive polarity current of c, the positive polarity current Is is generated. An arc welding state in which an alternating current combining the reverse polarity arc and the positive polarity arc is alternately repeated several times, and a short-circuit transfer type arc I ss welding in which a positive current of a small current larger than the absolute value of the base current is passed. State 50msec
Welding is repeated alternately with positive polarity short-circuit transfer type arc welding for ~ 200 msec.
上記で設定した電流値およびパルス幅は安定したアー
ク溶接をするのに必要な条件で実験により得られたもの
である。なお、ベース電流IBと短絡移行形シアークISS
のピーク値については溶接の条件によって変わるため、
その条件に応じて適宜設定すればよい。The current value and pulse width set above are obtained by experiments under the conditions necessary for stable arc welding. It should be noted that the base current I B and the short-circuit transfer type sheer arc I SS
Since the peak value of changes depending on the welding conditions,
It may be set appropriately according to the conditions.
第１図には縦軸に溶接電流、横軸に時刻を示している
が、▲Ｉ′ Ｐ▼（ピーク電流）、▲Ｉ′ Ｂ▼（ベース電
流）IS（正極性電流）の組合せ波形による交流電流波形
であるアーク溶接状態を数サイクル（▲Ｔ′ ２▼期間）
の繰り返して溶融池の形成を行なった後、続いてI
SS（正極性短絡移行形アークの正極性電流）により溶融
池の冷却凝固をＴ 期間行なう以上のサイクルが次々と
行なわれてアーク溶接が続けられていく。 In FIG. 1, the vertical axis represents welding current and the horizontal axis represents time.
But ▲ I′ P▼ (peak current), ▲ I′ B▼ (base electric
Flow) ISAC current waveform by combination waveform of (positive polarity current)
The arc welding state is a few cycles (▲ T′ 2▼ period)
Repeatedly forming the molten pool, and then I
SSMelted by (positive polarity current of positive polarity short-circuit transfer type arc)
T to cool and solidify the pond One cycle after another
Performed and arc welding continues.
第３図には、消耗性電極ガスシールドアーク溶接にお
いて、正極性アークによる溶接の場合（第３図の特性
Ｆ）と逆極性アークによる溶接の場合（第３図の特性
Ｒ）とについて、消耗性電極の送給量（縦軸）と溶接電
流（横軸）との関係を示している。FIG. 3 shows the consumable electrode gas shielded arc welding for the case of welding with a positive polarity arc (characteristic F in FIG. 3) and the case of welding with a reverse polarity arc (characteristic R in FIG. 3). The relationship between the feeding amount of the sexual electrode (vertical axis) and the welding current (horizontal axis) is shown.
この第３図の特性ＦとＲから明らかなように、正極性
アーク溶接状態における消耗性電極の送給量は、逆極性
アーク溶接状態における消耗性電極の送給量より多く、
溶接電流の電流値が同じ場合では、正極性アーク溶接状
態のときの消耗性電極の送給量は逆極性アーク溶接状態
のときの消耗性電極の送給量の1.5倍程度となることが
わかる。このことは消耗性電極の送給量が一定の場合、
図３に示す正極性アーク溶接の電流値IFおよび逆極性ア
ーク溶接の電流値IRはIF／IR＝1/1.5程度となることを
示していると理解できる。As is clear from the characteristics F and R of FIG. 3, the feed amount of the consumable electrode in the positive polarity arc welding state is larger than the feed amount of the consumable electrode in the reverse polarity arc welding state,
It can be seen that when the welding current values are the same, the feed rate of the consumable electrode in the positive polarity arc welding state is about 1.5 times the feed rate of the consumable electrode in the reverse polarity arc welding state. . This means that if the expendable electrode delivery is constant,
It can be understood that the current value I F for positive polarity arc welding and the current value I R for reverse polarity arc welding shown in FIG. 3 are about I F / I R = 1 / 1.5.
したがって、IF／IR＝1/1.5の場合には逆極性アーク
溶接状態と比較して消耗電極の送給量は正極性アーク溶
接状態の場合でもほとんど変化しないことになる。また
IF／IR＝1/1.5となるときは消耗性電極への入熱は逆極
性アーク溶接状態と比較して極性アークによる溶接の場
合の方がかなり少ない。よって、消耗性電極を溶融する
場合、正極性アーク溶接状態で溶融する方が逆極性アー
ク溶接状態と比較して少ない入熱で溶融することができ
る。Therefore, in the case of I F / I R = 1 / 1.5, the feed amount of the consumable electrode hardly changes even in the positive polarity arc welding state as compared with the reverse polarity arc welding state. Also
When I F / I R = 1 / 1.5, the heat input to the consumable electrode is considerably smaller in the case of welding with a polar arc than in the case of reverse polarity arc welding. Therefore, when the consumable electrode is melted, the melting in the positive polarity arc welding state can be performed with less heat input than in the reverse polarity arc welding state.
なお、上記の消耗性電極の送給量を同一とした場合の
IF／IR＝1/1.5という関係は図３で示した実験における
数値であり、この消耗性電極の送給量を同一とした場合
のIF／IRの具体的数値は溶接母材の材料またはワイヤの
材質などによって変化する。In addition, in the case of the same feed amount of the consumable electrode
The relationship of I F / I R = 1 / 1.5 is the value in the experiment shown in Fig. 3, and the specific value of I F / I R when the feed rate of this consumable electrode is the same is the welding base metal. It changes according to the material of the wire or the material of the wire.
すなわち、第３図により説明したように、正極性アー
ク状態での溶融は、逆極性アーク状態の溶融と比較して
少ない入熱で消耗電極の溶融ができることとなる。That is, as described with reference to FIG. 3, melting in the positive polarity arc state enables melting of the consumable electrode with less heat input as compared with melting in the reverse polarity arc state.
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明のように、逆
極性アーク状態Ｒである▲Ｉ′ Ｐ▼（ピーク電流）およ
び▲Ｉ′ Ｂ▼（ベース電流）と正極性アーク状態Ｆであ
るIS（正極性電流）を組合せた交流電流を溶融池の形成
に用いると、従来の逆極性アーク状態Ｒである逆極性電
流のみの▲Ｉ′ Ｐ▼を用いる場合に比べ、少ない入熱で
消耗性電極の高溶着を実現できる。さらに、小電流の正
極性短絡移行形アークによる溶接を行うときには、消耗
性電極の送給量を前記の交流電流の時と等しくすること
ができ、あるいは任意に設定できるので溶接速度を従来
の場合と比較して増加させることができる。そして、正
極性アークによる溶接を行なっているときにおける入熱
は逆極性アークによる溶接を行なっているときには溶融
池の冷却作用が生じ溶融池の凝固が行われて、溶湯の垂
れ落ちを生ずることがない。As apparent from the above description, as in the present invention, a is opposite polarity arc condition R ▲ I 'P ▼ (peak current) and ▲ I' B ▼ (base current) and the positive polarity arc condition F I When an alternating current combined with S (positive polarity current) is used to form a molten pool, it consumes less heat than in the case of using the conventional reverse polarity arc state R, which is only the reverse polarity current ▲ I ′ P ▼. It is possible to realize high welding of the conductive electrode. Furthermore, when performing welding with a positive current short-circuiting transfer type arc with a small current, the feed rate of the consumable electrode can be made equal to that for the above alternating current, or can be set arbitrarily, so that the welding speed in the conventional case is Can be increased compared to. The heat input during welding with a positive polarity arc may cause the molten pool to cool when the welding is performed with a reverse polarity arc, solidify the molten pool, and cause the molten metal to drop. Absent.
要するに本発明によれば、逆極性アークのピーク電流
▲Ｉ′ Ｐ▼による溶接のときに入熱を大きくし、溶接速
度を高くして良好な溶接を行ない、次に正極性短絡移行
形アークによる溶接に切り換えることによって溶接速度
をそのまま維持しながら溶融池の凝固を行なって溶湯の
垂れ落ちを防止することができる。According summary to the present invention, by increasing the heat input during welding by the peak current ▲ I 'P ▼ reverse polarity arc, by increasing the welding speed performs good weld, then a positive short circuit transfer type arc By switching to welding, the molten pool can be solidified while the welding speed is maintained as it is, and the drooping of the molten metal can be prevented.
発明の効果 以上説明したように、本発明によれば、溶湯の垂れ落
ちが生ぜず、かつ溶接速度が速い消耗性電極式ガスシー
ルドアーク溶接方法を提供することができる。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a consumable electrode type gas shielded arc welding method in which the molten metal does not drop and the welding speed is fast.
第１図は本発明に係る消耗性電極式ガスシールドアーク
溶接方法における溶接電流の波形図、第２図は従来の消
耗性電極式ガスシールドアーク溶接方法における溶接電
流の波形図、第３図は消耗性電極の送給量と溶接電流と
の関係を示す特性図である。FIG. 1 is a waveform diagram of welding current in a consumable electrode type gas shielded arc welding method according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of welding current in a conventional consumable electrode type gas shielded arc welding method, and FIG. It is a characteristic view which shows the relationship between the supply amount of a consumable electrode and welding current.
Claims (1)
生させて、溶接母材の溶接を行なう消耗電極式ガスシー
ルドアーク溶接方法において、消耗性電極が陽極となる
逆極性アーク溶接状態においては、アークを維持するパ
ルス幅が４〜10msecのベース電流上に、パルス幅が約2m
secでピーク値が消耗性電極の臨界電流値以上のピーク
電流を重畳した電流を通電することにより逆極性アーク
を発生し、続いて溶接母材が陽極となる正極性アーク溶
接状態においては、ピーク値が前記ベース電流の絶対値
より大きい100A〜200Aでパルス幅が２〜5msecの正極性
電流を通電することにより正極性アークを発生し、かつ
前記逆極性アークと前記正極性アークを組合せた交流電
流を交互に数回繰り返すアーク溶接状態と、前記ベース
電流の絶対値より大きい小電流の正極性電流を通電する
短絡移行形アーク溶接状態を50msec〜200msec行なう正
極性の短絡移行形アーク溶接状態とを交互に繰り返して
溶接を行うことを特徴とする消耗性電極式ガスシールド
アーク溶接方法。1. A consumable electrode type gas shielded arc welding method for welding a welding base material by generating an arc between the consumable electrode and the welding base material, and the reverse polarity arc welding in which the consumable electrode serves as an anode. In the state, the pulse width is about 2m on the base current of 4-10msec for maintaining the arc.
In a positive polarity arc welding state in which a reverse polarity arc is generated by passing a current with a peak value that is greater than or equal to the critical current value of the consumable electrode at sec, and then the welding base metal becomes the anode, the peak value A positive arc is generated by passing a positive current having a pulse width of 2 to 5 msec at 100 A to 200 A whose value is larger than the absolute value of the base current, and an alternating current combining the reverse polarity arc and the positive arc. An arc welding state in which the current is alternately repeated several times, and a short-circuit transfer type arc welding state of positive polarity performing a short-circuit transfer type arc welding state in which a positive current of a small current larger than the absolute value of the base current is conducted for 50 msec to 200 msec. A consumable electrode type gas shield arc welding method, characterized in that the welding is performed by alternately repeating the above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18721288A JPH0813420B2 (en) | 1988-07-27 | 1988-07-27 | Consumable electrode type gas shielded arc welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18721288A JPH0813420B2 (en) | 1988-07-27 | 1988-07-27 | Consumable electrode type gas shielded arc welding method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0237974A JPH0237974A (en) | 1990-02-07 |
| JPH0813420B2 true JPH0813420B2 (en) | 1996-02-14 |
Family
ID=16202043
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18721288A Expired - Lifetime JPH0813420B2 (en) | 1988-07-27 | 1988-07-27 | Consumable electrode type gas shielded arc welding method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0813420B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4846898B2 (en) | 2000-09-12 | 2011-12-28 | 株式会社ダイヘン | AC pulse arc welding control method and welding power source apparatus |
| JP5483555B2 (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2014-05-07 | 株式会社ダイヘン | Arc welding method |
| JP2011212707A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-27 | Daihen Corp | Arc welding method |
-
1988
- 1988-07-27 JP JP18721288A patent/JPH0813420B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0237974A (en) | 1990-02-07 |
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