JPH08128044A - Light-weight earth construction method and light-weight block - Google Patents
Light-weight earth construction method and light-weight blockInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08128044A JPH08128044A JP28923294A JP28923294A JPH08128044A JP H08128044 A JPH08128044 A JP H08128044A JP 28923294 A JP28923294 A JP 28923294A JP 28923294 A JP28923294 A JP 28923294A JP H08128044 A JPH08128044 A JP H08128044A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lightweight
- beads
- inorganic
- block
- ground
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は軟弱地盤や法面等の地盤
構築工事に適用される軽量盛土を用いた軽量土工法およ
びこの工法に用いられる軽量ブロックに係り、特に、耐
久性を有するとともに、高強度を呈し、かつ荷重を受け
ても軽量土としての特性を失うことのない軽量土工法お
よび軽量ブロックに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lightweight earthworking method using a light weight embankment applied to ground construction work such as soft ground and slopes, and a lightweight block used in this method, and in particular, it has durability and durability. The present invention relates to a lightweight earthwork method and a lightweight block that exhibit high strength and do not lose their characteristics as lightweight soil even when subjected to a load.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】軟弱地盤や法面等の地盤構築に際して、
従来ではシート工法や杭打ち工法等が多く採用されてい
たが、最近では軽量盛土を用いる工法が普及している。2. Description of the Related Art When constructing ground such as soft ground and slopes,
In the past, the sheet construction method and the pile construction method were often used, but recently, the construction method using lightweight embankment has become widespread.
【0003】これは例えば、軟弱地盤に対する地盤構築
の場合、軽量盛土の軽量性を利用して軟弱地盤への圧密
沈下を最小限におさえる工法であり、また、法面に対す
る地盤構築の場合、上述と同様に軽量盛土の軽量性を利
用して擁壁への土圧を最小限におさえる工法である。[0003] For example, in the case of ground construction on soft ground, this is a construction method which minimizes consolidation settlement on soft ground by utilizing the lightness of a light embankment, and in the case of ground construction on slopes, Like the above, it is a construction method that minimizes the earth pressure on the retaining wall by using the lightness of the light embankment.
【0004】上述の工法に用いられる軽量盛土として従
来、発泡スチロールブロックからなるもの、発泡スチロ
ールビーズと土砂等の盛土材とを混合してなるもの、あ
るいはこれらの混合物にさらに固結材を混合してなるも
の等が知られている。これらの軽量盛土は軟弱地盤や法
面などの地盤構築の際に地盤中に埋設して適用される。Conventionally, the lightweight embankment used in the above-mentioned construction method is made of styrofoam blocks, a mixture of styrofoam beads and an embankment material such as earth and sand, or a mixture of these and a solidifying material. Things are known. These lightweight embankments are applied by embedding in the ground when constructing ground such as soft ground and slopes.
【0005】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする問題点】上述の軽量盛土に用
いられる発泡スチロールは密度が0.032g /cm3 、かさ
比重が0.02g/cm3 ときわめて低く、非常に軽いもので
ある。The styrofoam used for the above-mentioned lightweight embankment has a very low density of 0.032 g / cm 3 and a bulk specific gravity of 0.02 g / cm 3 and is very light.
【0006】したがって、前者の発泡スチロールブロッ
クは施工現場地域の水位が上昇したときに、軽量である
ことによる非常に大きな浮力が作用し、この浮力を相殺
するために不必要な押え荷重を必要とする。Therefore, the former Styrofoam block exerts a very large buoyancy due to its light weight when the water level in the construction site rises, and an unnecessary pressing load is required to offset this buoyancy. .
【0007】さらに、後者の発泡スチロールビーズの場
合には、これが軽量であるため、盛土から浮き上がっ
て、分離してしまい、このため、均質な軽量土ができに
くく、結果として、得られる軽量土は耐久性も、強度も
低下したものとなる。Further, in the case of the latter expanded polystyrene beads, since they are lightweight, they float up from the embankment and separate, which makes it difficult to form a homogeneous lightweight soil, and as a result, the resulting lightweight soil is durable. The properties and strength are also reduced.
【0008】また、上述の発泡スチロールはブロックで
あっても、ビーズであっても、転圧荷重、土圧、上載
圧、水圧等の荷重を受けると、体積圧縮による密度増大
を起こし、このため、得られる軽量土はこれが本来的に
所有する軽量土としての特性を失ってしまう。Further, when the expanded polystyrene is a block or a bead, when it receives a load such as a compaction load, earth pressure, top loading pressure, water pressure, etc., it causes an increase in density due to volume compression. The resulting lightweight soil loses its inherent properties as a lightweight soil.
【0009】さらに、上述の発泡スチロールは有機物質
であるため、それ自体耐久性に劣るものであり、この点
からも、得られる軽量土は耐久性に劣ることになる。Further, since the above-mentioned styrofoam is an organic substance, it is inferior in durability itself, and from this point as well, the obtained lightweight soil is inferior in durability.
【0010】さらにまた、発泡スチロールは固結材との
接着性に劣り、このため得られる軽量土は、荷重に対し
て変形してしまい、この点からも強度的に劣るものとい
うことができる。Furthermore, the polystyrene foam is inferior in adhesiveness to the solidifying material, so that the lightweight soil obtained is deformed under load, and in this respect also, it is inferior in strength.
【0011】さらに、上述の発泡スチロールは可燃性で
あるため、作業場での火災の問題も起こる。Further, since the Styrofoam described above is flammable, there is a problem of fire in the workplace.
【0012】そこで、本発明の目的は耐久性を有すると
ともに、高強度を呈し、かつ荷重を受けても軽量土とし
ての特性を失うことのない、上述の公知技術に存する欠
点を改良した、軟弱地盤や法面などの地盤構築工事に適
用される軽量土工法およびこの工法に用いられる軽量ブ
ロックを提供することにある。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to improve durability and softness by exhibiting high strength and not losing the characteristics as a lightweight soil even when subjected to a load. It is to provide a lightweight earthworking method applied to ground construction work such as ground and slopes, and a lightweight block used in this method.
【0013】[0013]
【問題点を解決するための手段】上述の目的を達成たる
ため、本発明の軽量土工法によれば、無機発泡ビーズか
らなる軽量土を地盤中に埋設してなることを特徴とす
る。In order to achieve the above object, the lightweight soil construction method of the present invention is characterized in that a lightweight soil made of inorganic foam beads is buried in the ground.
【0014】さらに、上述の目的を達成たるため、本発
明の軽量ブロックによれば、無機発泡ビーズと、固結材
と、あるいは、さらに必要に応じ粒状体とを混合し、ブ
ロック状に固結せしめてなることを特徴とする。Further, in order to achieve the above object, according to the lightweight block of the present invention, the inorganic foam beads, the solidifying material, or, if necessary, the granular material is mixed and solidified into a block shape. It is characterized by being at least as good as possible.
【0015】[0015]
【発明の具体的説明】以下、本発明を具体的に詳述す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is described in detail below.
【0016】まず、本発明にかかる軽量土工法について
詳述すると、この工法に用いられる軽量土は上述のとお
り無機発泡ビーズからなるものであるが、この他の実施
態様として、軽量土、無機発泡ビーズと、固結材および
/または粒状体とからなる軽量土、無機発泡ビーズと、
固結材と、気泡または発泡剤とからなる軽量土、無機発
泡ビーズと、固結材と、粒状体と、気泡または発泡剤と
からなる軽量土、無機発泡ビーズと、固結材および/ま
たは粒状体と、発泡合成樹脂ビーズとからなる軽量土
等、が用いられる。First, the lightweight soil construction method according to the present invention will be described in detail. Although the lightweight soil used in this construction method is made of the inorganic foam beads as described above, as another embodiment, the lightweight soil and the inorganic foam are used. Lightweight soil consisting of beads and a solidifying material and / or granules, inorganic foam beads,
Light-weight soil consisting of a solidifying material and air bubbles or a foaming agent, inorganic foam beads, light-solidifying soil consisting of a solidifying material, granules, and air bubbles or a foaming agent, inorganic foam beads, solidifying material and / or A lightweight soil made of granular materials and expanded synthetic resin beads is used.
【0017】上述の軽量土は本発明では、軟弱地盤や法
面等の地盤構築の際に、地盤中に埋設することにより適
用される。なお、上述の軽量土はスラリー状であっても
かまわない。この場合、スラリーは地盤中に埋設する
か、あるいは地盤にまき出すことにより地盤構築に適用
される。In the present invention, the above-mentioned lightweight soil is applied by being embedded in the ground when constructing the ground such as soft ground or slope. The above-mentioned lightweight soil may be in the form of slurry. In this case, the slurry is applied to the ground construction by embedding it in the ground or by spreading it into the ground.
【0018】上述の無機発泡ビーズは粒径が0.1〜10.0
mm、好ましくは2.5〜5.0mm、かさ比重が0.3〜0.4g
/cm3 のビーズ体である。この一例を示せば、まず、ガ
ラス発泡ビーズが挙げられる。これは自動車窓ガラス、
ビール、酒、ジュース、調味料などのガラスびんを粉砕
化し、これに発泡剤を練り込んで所定の粒径の粒状体と
した後、キルン中でほぼ700〜900℃の温度で焼成し、
発泡させて形成される。The above-mentioned inorganic foam beads have a particle size of 0.1-10.0.
mm, preferably 2.5 to 5.0 mm, with a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.4 g
/ Cm 3 bead body. As an example of this, glass foam beads are first mentioned. This is a car window glass,
After crushing glass bottles of beer, liquor, juice, seasonings, etc. and kneading a foaming agent into granules with a predetermined particle size, bake them in a kiln at a temperature of about 7,000 to 9000 ° C.
It is formed by foaming.
【0019】さらに、上述の無機発泡ビーズはSiO2
分を多く含む物質、例えばフライアッシュ、珪藻土、珪
華、水滓スラグ、製紙スラッシュ、酸性白土、火山灰、
合成シリカ、土、砂等を加熱溶融し、あるいはアルカリ
と共に加熱溶融してガラス化し、発泡させたものであっ
てもよい。Further, the above-mentioned inorganic foam beads are made of SiO 2
Substances rich in content, such as fly ash, diatomaceous earth, diatom, water slag, paper slush, acid clay, volcanic ash,
It may be a material obtained by heating and melting synthetic silica, earth, sand or the like, or by heating and melting with an alkali to vitrify and foam.
【0020】さらにまた、この無機発泡ビーズは軽量発
泡コンクリート骨材の粒状体であってもよい。Furthermore, the inorganic foam beads may be granular particles of lightweight foam concrete aggregate.
【0021】本発明に用いられる上述固結材としては、
セメント系、石灰系、スラグ系、または水ガラス系の無
機固結材、またはウレタン系、エポキシ系アクリル系、
歴青系の有機固結材等である。As the above-mentioned solidifying material used in the present invention,
Cement-based, lime-based, slag-based, or water glass-based inorganic binder, urethane-based, epoxy-based acrylic,
It is a bituminous organic consolidation material.
【0022】さらに、本発明に用いられる上述粒状体と
しては、土砂、石灰灰、フライアッシュ、スラグ、製紙
スラッジ、廃土、廃泥等である。Further, the above-mentioned granular materials used in the present invention include earth and sand, lime ash, fly ash, slag, papermaking sludge, waste soil, waste mud and the like.
【0023】次いで、本発明にかかる軽量ブロックにつ
いて詳述すると、これは無機発泡ビーズと、固結材とを
混合し、ブロック状に固結せしめて構成される。図14は
本発明にかかる軽量ブロックの一具体例の斜視図であっ
て、図1(A)は角柱状のもの、図1(B)は円柱状の
ものを示す。図1中、aは本発明にかかる軽量ブロッ
ク、1は無機発泡ビーズである。ここで用いられる無機
発泡ビーズおよび固結材はいずれも上述の軽量土工法に
用いられるものと同様である。Next, the light weight block according to the present invention will be described in detail. This is constructed by mixing inorganic foam beads and a solidifying material and solidifying them in a block shape. 14A and 14B are perspective views of a specific example of the lightweight block according to the present invention. FIG. 1A shows a prismatic shape and FIG. 1B shows a cylindrical shape. In FIG. 1, a is a lightweight block according to the present invention, and 1 is an inorganic foam bead. The inorganic foam beads and the solidifying material used here are the same as those used in the above-mentioned lightweight earthwork method.
【0024】さらに、上述の軽量ブロックaはさらに粒
状体を混合し、ブロック状に固結せしめたものであって
もよい。この粒状体もまた、上述の軽量土工法に用いら
れるものと同様である。Further, the above-mentioned lightweight block a may be one in which granules are further mixed and solidified in a block shape. This granular material is also the same as that used in the above-mentioned lightweight earthwork method.
【0025】なお、上述の軽量ブロックaは図15に示さ
れるように、不織布等の透水性シート、合成樹脂製不透
水性シート、金網、繊維質等の引張強度を有する補強材
bを介在して構成されてもよい。図15(A)は軽量ブロ
ックaの底面に補強材bを張りつけて構成された例であ
り、図15(B)は軽量ブロックaの上面および底面に補
強材bを張りつけて構成された例であり、図15(C)は
軽量ブロックaの内部に補強材bを埋設して構成された
例であり、図15(D)は繊維質からなる補強材bを軽量
ブロックaに分散して構成された例であり、いずれも軽
量ブロックaの曲げ強度を増大せしめるものである。As shown in FIG. 15, the above-mentioned lightweight block a has a water-permeable sheet such as a non-woven fabric, a synthetic resin water-impermeable sheet, a wire mesh, and a reinforcing material b having tensile strength such as fibrous material. It may be configured as. FIG. 15 (A) shows an example in which the reinforcing material b is attached to the bottom surface of the lightweight block a, and FIG. 15 (B) is an example in which the reinforcing material b is attached to the upper surface and the bottom surface of the lightweight block a. FIG. 15 (C) shows an example in which the reinforcing material b is embedded inside the lightweight block a, and FIG. 15 (D) is configured by dispersing the reinforcing material b made of fiber in the lightweight block a. These are examples for increasing the bending strength of the lightweight block a.
【0026】上述の軽量ブロックは工場で大量生産する
ことはもちろんであるが、現場で無機発泡ビーズと、固
結材と、必要に応じてさらに土とを混合し、混合物を地
盤の空隙部に填充し、地盤の空隙部の形状に合わせて形
成することもできる。The above-mentioned lightweight block is, of course, mass-produced in a factory, but on the site, the inorganic foam beads, the solidifying material and, if necessary, further soil are mixed, and the mixture is put in the void portion of the ground. It can also be filled and formed according to the shape of the void of the ground.
【0027】また、本発明の上述軽量ブロックは無機発
泡ビーズと、固結材と、水と、必要に応じて土とを混合
してスラリー状とし、これを地盤構築の施工現場で所定
の型枠に填充し、一定の形状に成形してつくることも可
能であり、土木工事において非常に優れた作用性を持っ
ている。Further, the above-mentioned lightweight block of the present invention is made into a slurry by mixing inorganic foam beads, a solidifying material, water, and, if necessary, soil, and this is made into a predetermined mold at the construction site of ground construction. It is possible to fill the frame and mold it into a certain shape, and it has a very good effect in civil engineering work.
【0028】[0028]
【作用】上述の本発明に用いられる無機発泡ビーズはか
さ比重がほぼ0.3〜0.4g/cm3 であって、公知の発泡
スチロールに比べて大きな比重を有するから、従来の発
泡スチロールのように、軽量土から浮き上がって分離す
ることがなく、このため、均質な軽量土を得ることがで
きる。The inorganic foam beads used in the present invention described above have a bulk specific gravity of approximately 0.3 to 0.4 g / cm 3 and a large specific gravity as compared with known polystyrene foam, so that they are different from conventional polystyrene foam. Since it does not float and separate from the lightweight soil, a homogeneous lightweight soil can be obtained.
【0029】しかも、これは硬質であって、内部の空隙
がこの硬質体で保持されるから、転圧荷重、土圧、上載
圧、水圧等の荷重を受けても空隙が押しつぶされたり、
破壊されたりすることがなく、このため、体積圧縮によ
る密度増大を起こすこともない。したがって、得られる
軽量土は軽量土としての特性を失うことがなく、しかも
高強度を呈して耐久性をも保持する。Moreover, since it is hard and the internal voids are held by this rigid body, the voids are crushed or crushed even when subjected to a load such as rolling load, earth pressure, top loading pressure, hydraulic pressure, etc.
It is not destroyed, and therefore the density is not increased by the volume compression. Therefore, the obtained lightweight soil does not lose its characteristics as a lightweight soil, yet exhibits high strength and durability.
【0030】さらに、この無機発泡ビーズは無機質であ
るから、不燃性を呈するとともに、固結材との接着固結
性にも優れており、得られる軽量土はこの点からも高強
度を呈することになる。Further, since the inorganic foamed beads are inorganic, they exhibit noncombustibility and excellent adhesion and solidification property with the solidifying material, and the obtained lightweight soil also has high strength. become.
【0031】〔実験例1〕表1の使用材料を用いて表2
に示す配合実験を行った。[Experimental Example 1] Table 2 using the materials used in Table 1
The compounding experiment shown in was carried out.
【0032】[0032]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0033】[0033]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0034】表2の配合を用いて強度試験を行った。試
験は7日一軸圧縮強度および破壊時の歪みを測定して行
った。結果を表3に示す。Strength tests were carried out using the formulations in Table 2. The test was carried out by measuring uniaxial compressive strength and strain at break for 7 days. The results are shown in Table 3.
【0035】[0035]
【表3】 [Table 3]
【0036】表3から、セメントを添加したときの7日
一軸圧縮強度はガラスビーズでは高強度を呈するが、発
泡スチロールビーズでは低強度であることがわかる。From Table 3, it can be seen that the 7-day uniaxial compressive strength when cement is added is high for glass beads, but low for expanded polystyrene beads.
【0037】次いで、表2の配合を用いて、セメントを
添加しないときの盛土の沈下量を測定した。この測定は
高さ7mの盛土を行い、底盤から3.5mの高さに沈下板
を設けて27m盛土完了時の沈下量を測定することにより
行った。結果を表4に示す。Then, using the formulation of Table 2, the amount of subsidence of the embankment when cement was not added was measured. This measurement was carried out by embankment with a height of 7 m, setting a subsidence plate at a height of 3.5 m from the bottom plate, and measuring the amount of subsidence when the embankment of 27 m was completed. The results are shown in Table 4.
【0038】[0038]
【表4】 [Table 4]
【0039】表4から、発泡スチロールビーズを用いた
配合では圧縮量が大きいのに対し、本発明の配合では圧
縮量がきわめて少なく、このことから、本発明にかかる
配合では、変位の少ない軽量盛土の形成が可能であるこ
とがわかる。From Table 4, the amount of compression is large in the composition using expanded polystyrene beads, whereas the amount of compression is extremely small in the composition of the present invention. Therefore, the composition according to the present invention produces a lightweight embankment with less displacement. It turns out that formation is possible.
【0040】さらに、表2の配合を用いて、ビーズの分
離状況および固化状況を観察する試験を行った。試験は
表2の配合に加水してフロー値が18cmを呈する流動体を
形成し、これを500cc採取し、2lの水を満たした容器
中に打設し、一日経過後のビーズの分離状況および7日
経過後の固化状況を観察することにより行った。結果を
表5に示した。Further, using the formulations shown in Table 2, a test for observing the separated state and solidified state of the beads was conducted. The test was performed by adding water to the composition shown in Table 2 to form a fluid having a flow value of 18 cm, collecting 500 cc of this fluid, and placing it in a container filled with 2 liters of water. It was performed by observing the solidification state after 7 days. The results are shown in Table 5.
【0041】[0041]
【表5】 [Table 5]
【0042】表5から、ガラスビーズは地下水面下で分
離しにくく、これに対して発泡スチロールビーズは分離
しやすいことがわかった。また、空気中に放置した状態
で水分量を多くすると発泡スチロールビーズは分離しや
すいが、ガラスビーズは分離しにくい。From Table 5, it was found that the glass beads are difficult to separate below the water table, whereas the styrofoam beads are easy to separate. Further, when the water content is increased while being left in the air, the styrofoam beads are easily separated, but the glass beads are difficult to be separated.
【0043】さらに、セメント等の固化物を添加した場
合、本発明の配合では、ビーズを分離することなく、均
質な固結物を形成することもわかる。これはビーズがガ
ラスス質のため、セメントと強固に一体化すること、お
よびビーズ自体が硬質であって、かつ軽すぎないことに
より土と一体化され、さらに、ガラスビーズと土とはシ
リカ質という点で同質であって、馴染みがよいこと等に
よるものと思われる。Further, it can be seen that when a solidified product such as cement is added, the compound of the present invention forms a homogeneous solidified product without separating the beads. This is because the beads are made of glass and are strongly integrated with the cement, and because the beads themselves are hard and not too light, they are integrated with the soil. Furthermore, the glass beads and the soil are called siliceous. This is probably because they are similar in quality and familiar.
【0044】以下、本発明の実際の地盤等への適用例を
添付図面を用いて説明する。An example of application of the present invention to an actual ground will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【0045】図1は無機発泡ビーズ1からなる本発明に
かかる軽量土2を軟弱地盤3上に配置し、その上に盛土
を行って盛土層4を形成し、軽量土2を地盤5中に埋設
した例である。FIG. 1 shows that the lightweight soil 2 according to the present invention composed of the inorganic foam beads 1 is placed on the soft ground 3, and embankment is performed on the soft soil 3 to form the embankment layer 4, and the lightweight soil 2 is placed in the ground 5. It is an example of being buried.
【0046】軽量土2の比重が1.0以下の場合には、上
載荷重をバランスして軽量土2の底面、すなわち、軟弱
地盤3上に荷重がほとんど作用しないように構築するこ
とができる。When the specific gravity of the lightweight soil 2 is 1.0 or less, it is possible to balance the overlaid load so that the load hardly acts on the bottom surface of the lightweight soil 2, that is, the soft ground 3.
【0047】また、地下水面下の海底や河床に本発明に
かかる軽量土2を打設して埋立し、その上に構造物を設
けることもできる(図示せず)。この場合、海底の地盤
が軟弱でも圧密沈下を最小限におさえることができる。Further, the lightweight soil 2 according to the present invention may be placed on the seabed or the riverbed below the water table for landfilling, and a structure may be provided thereon (not shown). In this case, consolidation settlement can be minimized even if the seabed is soft.
【0048】図2は本発明にかかる軽量土2を擁壁6の
裏込材として用い、盛土を構築した例を示す。この場
合、辷り面内を軽量化することにより、擁壁6への土圧
をほとんど作用させず、したがって、簡単な擁壁6を用
いて軟弱地盤上に土留壁を設けることができる。FIG. 2 shows an example of embankment constructed by using the lightweight soil 2 according to the present invention as a backing material for the retaining wall 6. In this case, by making the inside of the siding surface lightweight, the earth pressure on the retaining wall 6 hardly acts, and therefore, the retaining wall 6 can be provided on the soft ground by using the simple retaining wall 6.
【0049】図3は軟弱地盤3上に人工地盤7を構築し
た例である。この人工地盤7はまず、軟弱地盤3を掘削
し、この中に壁面パネル8、8を対向する位置に垂直に
設置し、これら壁面パネル8、8間に引張材9を張りつ
けた後、次いで本発明にかかる軽量土2を打設し、この
上に盛土層4を施し、地盤中に軽量土2を埋設すること
により形成される。FIG. 3 shows an example in which the artificial ground 7 is constructed on the soft ground 3. In the artificial ground 7, first, the soft ground 3 is excavated, the wall panels 8 and 8 are vertically installed in the ground, and the tension members 9 are attached between the wall panels 8 and 8, and then the book It is formed by placing the lightweight soil 2 according to the invention, applying the embankment layer 4 on this, and burying the lightweight soil 2 in the ground.
【0050】図4は階段状の宅地造成を行った例であっ
て、まず、階段状の地盤5を形成し、これら各階段の前
面にコンクリート壁10をそれぞれ垂直に設置の後、各コ
ンクリート壁10の背面に本発明にかかる軽量土2を打設
し、さらにこれら各軽量土2上に盛土層4を形成して軽
量土2を地盤中に埋設して構築される。これら盛土層4
上には宅地11が建築される。このような宅地造成は崖く
ずれが起こりにくい。FIG. 4 shows an example in which a staircase-like residential land is constructed. First, a staircase-like ground 5 is formed, and concrete walls 10 are installed vertically on the front of each staircase, and then each concrete wall. The lightweight soil 2 according to the present invention is cast on the back surface of the ten, and the embankment layer 4 is formed on each of the lightweight soils 2 to embed the lightweight soil 2 in the ground. These embankment layers 4
A residential area 11 is built on the top. In such residential land development, cliffs are unlikely to occur.
【0051】図5は地盤5上の斜面上に本発明にかかる
軽量土2を階段状に配置し、これら各軽量土2上にそれ
ぞれ屋根板12を配置して各軽量土2の前面に空間13を形
成し、屋根板12上に盛土層4を形成して宅地等の造成を
行った例である。空間13には住宅等が建築される。この
場合、住宅等の構造物の背面には土圧がほとんど作用し
ない。FIG. 5 shows that the lightweight soils 2 according to the present invention are arranged in a step-like manner on a slope on the ground 5, and a roof plate 12 is disposed on each of the lightweight soils 2 to provide a space in front of each lightweight soil 2. In this example, 13 is formed and the embankment layer 4 is formed on the roof plate 12 to create a residential land or the like. Houses are built in the space 13. In this case, the earth pressure hardly acts on the back surface of the structure such as the house.
【0052】図6は軟弱地盤3上に本発明にかかる軽量
土2を配設し、その上に構造物基礎14を配設し、その上
に土砂をまき出して盛土層4を形成し、構造物の基礎を
構築した例である。In FIG. 6, the lightweight soil 2 according to the present invention is arranged on the soft ground 3, the structure foundation 14 is arranged thereon, and the earth and sand are sprinkled thereon to form the embankment layer 4. It is an example of constructing the foundation of a structure.
【0053】図7はアーチ状橋15の橋脚16に本発明にか
かる軽量土2を用いた例を示す。この場合、軽量土2は
無機発泡ビーズ1を固結材やセメント等と一緒に橋脚16
の内部に充填し、固化して形成してもよい。FIG. 7 shows an example in which the lightweight soil 2 according to the present invention is used for the pier 16 of the arch bridge 15. In this case, the lightweight soil 2 consists of the inorganic foam beads 1 together with the solidifying material, cement, etc.
May be filled in and solidified to form.
【0054】図8は間隔をあけ、引張材7を介して対向
して直立された壁面パネル8、8間に本発明にかかる軽
量土2を充填して構築された構造物17の断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a structure 17 constructed by filling the lightweight soil 2 according to the present invention between the wall panels 8 which are spaced from each other and are opposed to each other with the tension member 7 between them. is there.
【0055】図9は本発明にかがる軽量土2を軟弱地盤
3上に数段層積み重ね、これら各層の境界面に引張材9
を形成し、さらにその上に土砂をまき出して盛土し、盛
土層4を形成して盛土構造物を構築した例である。引張
層9は鉄筋、コンクリート(モルタル)層、ジオキスタ
イル層、金網層、不織布層、発泡ポリウレタン層、接着
剤層、アスファルト層、これらの併用物からなる。この
場合、軽量土2は一体化されて荷重が等分布化され、応
力集中を防止するとともに、震動を吸収したり、弾力性
を付与する。FIG. 9 shows that the lightweight soil 2 according to the present invention is stacked on the soft ground 3 in several layers, and the tensile member 9 is applied to the boundary surface between these layers.
This is an example in which the embankment structure is constructed by forming an embankment, and further spreading earth and sand on the embankment to form an embankment layer 4. The tensile layer 9 is composed of a reinforcing bar, a concrete (mortar) layer, a dioxile layer, a wire mesh layer, a non-woven fabric layer, a foamed polyurethane layer, an adhesive layer, an asphalt layer, and a combination thereof. In this case, the lightweight soil 2 is integrated so that the load is evenly distributed, stress concentration is prevented, vibrations are absorbed, and elasticity is imparted.
【0056】図10は本発明にかかる軽量土2と軽量ブロ
ックaを軟弱地盤3上に交互に積み重ね、その上に盛土
して盛土層4を形成し、軽量土2と軽量ブロックaを一
体化して用いた例を示す。FIG. 10 shows that the lightweight soil 2 and the lightweight block a according to the present invention are alternately stacked on the soft ground 3, and an embankment is formed on the soft soil 3 to form an embankment layer 4 to integrate the lightweight soil 2 and the lightweight block a. The following shows an example.
【0057】図11は地盤5の法面5aに対して、地盤5
上に直立された擁壁6をアンカー棒18で固定し、法面5
aと擁壁6との間に本発明にかかる軽量土2を配置し、
この上に土砂をまき出して盛土層4を形成し、法面構造
物を構築した例である。アンカー棒18は軽量土2の層間
にモルタル19を介在させ、この中を通して地盤5に固定
される。FIG. 11 shows the ground 5 with respect to the slope 5a of the ground 5.
Fix the retaining wall 6 that stands upright with the anchor rods 18, and slope 5
The lightweight soil 2 according to the present invention is arranged between a and the retaining wall 6,
This is an example in which earth and sand are sprinkled on top of this to form the embankment layer 4 to construct a slope structure. The anchor bar 18 has a mortar 19 interposed between layers of the lightweight soil 2 and is fixed to the ground 5 through the mortar 19.
【0058】図12は図19と同様に構築されるが、軽量土
2の層が地下水で浮上するのを防止するためにこれをア
ンカー棒18を介して定着モルタル21で垂直方向に固定し
た構造を示す。FIG. 12 is constructed in the same manner as FIG. 19, but the structure in which the layer of lightweight soil 2 is fixed vertically by anchoring mortar 21 via anchor bar 18 in order to prevent it from floating in groundwater. Indicates.
【0059】図13は凹凸形状を有し、かつ内部に引張材
9を介在させた本発明にかかる軽量土2と、同じく凹凸
形状の軽量ブロック9とを軟弱地盤3上に交互に、かつ
互いに噛み合わせて一体化し、この上に盛土層4を形成
することにより構築された盛土構造物の例を示す。FIG. 13 shows a lightweight soil 2 according to the present invention having an uneven shape and a tension member 9 interposed therein, and a light weight block 9 having the uneven shape, alternately on the soft ground 3 and mutually. An example of the embankment structure constructed by meshing and integrating and forming the embankment layer 4 thereon is shown.
【0060】図14は無機発泡ビーズ1と固結材とを混合
し、ブロック状に固結してなる本発明にかかる軽量ブロ
ックa の一具体例の斜視図であって、(A)は角柱状ブ
ロックa、(B)は円柱状ブロックaをそれぞれ表す。
なお、本発明にかかるブロックaは上述の角柱状あるい
は円柱状の形状に限らず、所望の任意形状に形成しても
よい。FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a specific example of a lightweight block a according to the present invention in which the inorganic foam beads 1 and a solidifying material are mixed and solidified in a block shape. The columnar blocks a and (B) represent the columnar blocks a, respectively.
The block a according to the present invention is not limited to the prismatic or cylindrical shape described above, and may be formed in any desired shape.
【0061】図15は本発明にかかる軽量ブロックaの他
の一変形例であって、図14の軽量ブロックaの内部また
は周辺部に、不織布、合成樹脂等のシート、金網、繊維
質等の引張強度を有する補強材bを介在させて構成され
る。図15(A)は軽量ブロックa底面で補強材bと一体
化して構成された例であり、図15(B)は軽量ブロック
aの上面および底面で補強材bとそれぞれ一体化して構
成された例であり、図15(C)は軽量ブロックaの内部
に補強材bを埋設して構成された例であり、図15(D)
は繊維質からなる補強材bを軽量ブロックaに分散して
構成された例である。いずれも軽量ブロックaの曲げ強
度を増大せしめるものである。FIG. 15 shows another modified example of the lightweight block a according to the present invention, in which a non-woven fabric, a sheet of synthetic resin, a wire mesh, a fibrous material or the like is provided inside or around the lightweight block a of FIG. It is configured by interposing a reinforcing material b having tensile strength. FIG. 15 (A) shows an example in which the bottom surface of the lightweight block a is integrated with the reinforcing material b, and FIG. 15 (B) is integrated with the reinforcing material b in the upper surface and the bottom surface of the lightweight block a. This is an example, and FIG. 15 (C) is an example in which a reinforcing material b is embedded inside a lightweight block a.
Is an example in which a reinforcing material b made of fibrous material is dispersed in a lightweight block a. In either case, the bending strength of the lightweight block a is increased.
【0062】[0062]
【発明の効果】上述の本発明は次の効果を奏し得る。The present invention described above can bring the following effects.
【0063】軟弱地盤への適用に際して、本発明にかか
る軽量土ないしはブロックは使用する無機発泡ビーズが
軽量であるから、軟弱地盤であっても、圧密沈下を最小
限におさえ、軟弱地盤にほとんど荷重を作用させない。When applied to soft ground, the lightweight soil or block according to the present invention uses a light weight of the inorganic foam beads, so even if the ground is soft, the settlement of settlement is minimized and the load on the soft ground is almost zero. Does not work.
【0064】法面への適用に際して、本発明にかかる軽
量土ないしはブロックは使用する無機発泡ビーズが軽量
であるから、擁壁に対して土圧をほとんど作用させな
い。したがって、本発明では簡単な擁壁を採用すること
ができる。When applied to slopes, the lightweight soil or block according to the present invention uses inorganic foam beads of light weight, and therefore exerts almost no earth pressure on the retaining wall. Therefore, a simple retaining wall can be adopted in the present invention.
【0065】さらに、本発明にかかる軽量土ないしはブ
ロックは無機発泡ビーズを用いるから、耐久性を有する
とともに、高強度を呈し、かつ荷重を受けても軽量土と
しての特性を失うことがなく、かつ不燃性である。Furthermore, since the lightweight soil or block according to the present invention uses the inorganic foam beads, it has durability and high strength, and does not lose its properties as a lightweight soil even when subjected to a load, and It is nonflammable.
【図1】本発明にかかる軽量土工法を軟弱地盤上に適用
した例を示す。FIG. 1 shows an example in which the lightweight earthwork method according to the present invention is applied to soft ground.
【図2】本発明にかかる軽量土工法を擁壁の裏込材とし
て用いた例を示す。FIG. 2 shows an example in which the lightweight earthwork method according to the present invention is used as a backing material for a retaining wall.
【図3】軟弱地盤上に本発明にかかる軽量土を用いて人
工地盤を構築した例を示す。FIG. 3 shows an example of constructing an artificial ground on the soft ground using the lightweight soil according to the present invention.
【図4】本発明の軽量土工法により階段状の宅地造成を
行った例を示す。FIG. 4 shows an example in which a staircase-shaped residential land is constructed by the lightweight earthwork method of the present invention.
【図5】本発明の軽量土工法により宅地等の造成を行っ
た他の例を示す。FIG. 5 shows another example in which a residential land or the like is constructed by the lightweight earthwork method of the present invention.
【図6】本発明の軽量土工法により軟弱地盤上に構造物
用基礎を構築した例を示す。FIG. 6 shows an example in which a structural foundation is constructed on soft ground by the lightweight earthwork method of the present invention.
【図7】本発明にかかる軽量土工法によりアーチ状の橋
を構築した例を示す。FIG. 7 shows an example in which an arch bridge is constructed by the lightweight earthwork method according to the present invention.
【図8】本発明にかかる軽量土工法により構築された構
造物の例を示す。FIG. 8 shows an example of a structure constructed by the lightweight earthwork method according to the present invention.
【図9】本発明にかかる軽量土工法により軟弱地盤上に
構築された盛土構造物の一例を示す。FIG. 9 shows an example of an embankment structure constructed on soft ground by the lightweight earthwork method according to the present invention.
【図10】本発明にかかる軽量土と軽量ブロックを併用
して軟弱地盤上に構築された盛土構造物の一例を示す。FIG. 10 shows an example of an embankment structure constructed on soft ground by using a lightweight soil and a lightweight block according to the present invention.
【図11】本発明にかかる軽量土工法により法面に土構
造物を構築した例を示す。FIG. 11 shows an example in which an earth structure is constructed on the slope by the lightweight earthwork method according to the present invention.
【図12】本発明にかかる軽量土工法により軟弱地盤上
に構築された盛土構造物の他の例を示す。FIG. 12 shows another example of an embankment structure constructed on soft ground by the lightweight earthwork method according to the present invention.
【図13】本発明にかかる軽量土と軽量ブロックを併用
して軟弱地盤上に構築された盛土構造物の他の例を示
す。FIG. 13 shows another example of an embankment structure constructed on soft ground by using a lightweight soil and a lightweight block according to the present invention.
【図14】本発明にかかる軽量ブロックの一例であっ
て、(A)は角柱状ブロック、(B)は円柱状ブロック
を示す。FIG. 14 is an example of a lightweight block according to the present invention, in which (A) shows a prismatic block and (B) shows a cylindrical block.
【図15】本発明にかかる軽量ブロックの他の例であっ
て、(A)は軽量ブロックの底面で補強材と一体化され
た例、(B)は軽量ブロックの上下面で補強材と一体化
された例、(C)は軽量ブロックの内部に補強材を埋設
した例、(D)は繊維質からなる補強材を軽量ブロック
に分散させた例をそれぞれ示す。FIG. 15 is another example of the lightweight block according to the present invention, in which (A) is an example in which the bottom surface of the lightweight block is integrated with a reinforcing material, and (B) is an upper surface and a lower surface of the lightweight block integrated with a reinforcing material. (C) shows an example in which a reinforcing material is embedded inside a lightweight block, and (D) shows an example in which a reinforcing material made of fiber is dispersed in the lightweight block.
1 無機発泡ビーズ 2 軽量土 3 軟弱地盤 4 盛土層 5 地盤 6 擁壁 9 引張材 a 軽量ブロック b 補強材 1 Inorganic foam beads 2 Lightweight soil 3 Soft ground 4 Fill layer 5 Ground 6 Retaining wall 9 Tensile material a Lightweight block b Reinforcement material
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 FI 技術表示箇所 C09K 17/10 P 17/42 P 17/44 P 17/48 P E02D 3/12 // C09K 103:00 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification number Office reference number FI technical display location C09K 17/10 P 17/42 P 17/44 P 17/48 P E02D 3/12 // C09K 103 : 00
Claims (22)
中に埋設してなる軽量土工法。1. A lightweight earthwork method in which a lightweight embankment made of inorganic foam beads is embedded in the ground.
は粒状体とからなる軽量盛土を地盤に埋設してなる請求
項1の軽量土工法。2. The lightweight earthworking method according to claim 1, wherein a lightweight embankment comprising inorganic foam beads and a solidifying material and / or granular material is buried in the ground.
グ系または水ガラス系の無機固結材、またはウレタン
系、エポキシ系、アクリル系または歴青系の有機固結材
である請求項2の軽量土工法。3. The cement is a cement-based, lime-based, slag-based or water glass-based inorganic binder, or a urethane-based, epoxy-based, acrylic-based or bitumen-based organic binder. 2 lightweight earthwork methods.
シュ、スラグ、製紙スラッジ、廃土または廃泥である請
求項2の軽量土工法。4. The lightweight earthworking method according to claim 2, wherein the granular material is earth and sand, lime ash, fly ash, slag, papermaking sludge, waste soil or waste mud.
は発泡剤とからなる軽量盛土を地盤中に埋設してなる請
求項1の軽量土工法。5. The lightweight earthworking method according to claim 1, wherein a lightweight embankment made of inorganic foam beads, a solidifying material, and air bubbles or a foaming agent is embedded in the ground.
系、スラグ系、または水ガラス系の無機固結材、または
ウレタン系、エポキシ系、アクリル系、または歴青系の
有機固結材である請求項5の軽量土工法。6. The cement according to claim 5, wherein the cement-based, lime-based, slag-based, or water-glass-based inorganic binder, or urethane-based, epoxy-based, acrylic-based, or bitumen-based organic binder The lightweight earthworking method according to claim 5, which is a material.
んでなる請求項5の軽量土工法。7. The lightweight earthmoving method according to claim 5, wherein the lightweight embankment according to claim 5 further comprises a granular body.
イアッシュ、スラグ、製紙スラッジ、廃土または廃泥で
ある請求項7の軽量土工法。8. The lightweight earthworking method according to claim 7, wherein the granular body of claim 7 is earth and sand, lime ash, fly ash, slag, papermaking sludge, waste soil or waste mud.
は粒状体と、発泡合成樹脂ビーズとからなる軽量盛土を
地盤中に埋設してなる請求項1の軽量土工法。9. The lightweight earthworking method according to claim 1, wherein a lightweight embankment made of inorganic expanded beads, a solidifying material and / or granules, and expanded synthetic resin beads is embedded in the ground.
系、スラグ系、または水ガラス系の無機固結材、または
ウレタン系、エポキシ系、アクリル系、または歴青系の
有機固結材である請求項9の軽量土工法。10. The cement-based, lime-based, slag-based, or water-glass-based inorganic binder, or the urethane-based, epoxy-based, acrylic-based, or bitumen-based organic binder as claimed in claim 9. The lightweight earthworking method according to claim 9, which is a material.
ライアッシュ、スラグ、製紙スラッジ、廃土または廃泥
である請求項9の軽量土工法。11. The lightweight earthworking method according to claim 9, wherein the granular body according to claim 9 is earth and sand, lime ash, fly ash, slag, papermaking sludge, waste soil or waste mud.
ズである請求項1の軽量土工法。12. The lightweight earthworking method according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic foam beads are glass foam beads.
く含む物質の発泡ビーズである請求項1の軽量土工法。13. The lightweight earthworking method according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic expanded beads are expanded beads of a substance containing a large amount of SiO 2 .
リート骨材である請求項1の軽量土工法。14. The lightweight earthworking method according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic expanded beads are lightweight expanded concrete aggregate.
ブロック状に固結せしめてなる軽量ブロック。15. A mixture of inorganic foam beads and a solidifying material,
A lightweight block that is solidified into blocks.
とを混合し、ブロック状に固結せしめてなる請求項15の
軽量ブロック。16. The lightweight block according to claim 15, wherein the inorganic foam beads, the solidifying material, and the granular material are mixed and solidified in a block shape.
泡ビーズである請求項15の軽量ブロック。17. The lightweight block of claim 15 wherein the inorganic foam beads of claim 15 are glass foam beads.
を多く含む物質の発泡ビーズである請求項15の軽量ブロ
ック。18. The inorganic foam beads of claim 15 are SiO 2
16. The lightweight block of claim 15, which is a foam bead of a substance containing a large amount of.
コンクリート骨材である請求項15の軽量ブロック。19. The lightweight block of claim 15, wherein the inorganic foam beads of claim 15 are lightweight expanded concrete aggregate.
系、スラグ系または水ガラス系の無機固結材、またはウ
レタン系、エポキシ系、アクリル系または歴青系の有機
固結材である請求項15の軽量ブロック。20. The cement of claim 15 is a cement-based, lime-based, slag-based or water-glass-based inorganic binder or a urethane-based, epoxy-based, acrylic-based or bitumen-based organic binder. The lightweight block according to claim 15.
ライアッシュ、スラグ、製紙スラッジ、廃土または廃泥
である請求項16の軽量ブロック。21. The lightweight block according to claim 16, wherein the granular body according to claim 16 is earth and sand, lime ash, fly ash, slag, papermaking sludge, waste soil or waste mud.
周辺部に補強材を介在させてなる請求項15の軽量ブロッ
ク。22. The lightweight block according to claim 15, wherein a reinforcing material is interposed inside or around the lightweight block according to claim 15.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP28923294A JPH08128044A (en) | 1994-10-28 | 1994-10-28 | Light-weight earth construction method and light-weight block |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP28923294A JPH08128044A (en) | 1994-10-28 | 1994-10-28 | Light-weight earth construction method and light-weight block |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH08128044A true JPH08128044A (en) | 1996-05-21 |
Family
ID=17740500
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP28923294A Pending JPH08128044A (en) | 1994-10-28 | 1994-10-28 | Light-weight earth construction method and light-weight block |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH08128044A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007277910A (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2007-10-25 | Nishi Nippon Spc Kk | Block for lightweight fill, lightweight fill structure, and its construction method |
JP2010133153A (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2010-06-17 | Ohbayashi Corp | Underground structure, and method of constructing the same |
JP2010150843A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-07-08 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Lightweight banking material and banking method |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0372108A (en) * | 1989-08-10 | 1991-03-27 | Showa Concrete Kogyo Kk | Lightweight water permeable member |
JPH0473312A (en) * | 1990-07-16 | 1992-03-09 | Okutama Kogyo Kk | Filling method of clearance for civil engineering and construction work and composition for filler thereof |
JPH06294130A (en) * | 1991-02-14 | 1994-10-21 | Shinichi Ishida | Foam molded product |
-
1994
- 1994-10-28 JP JP28923294A patent/JPH08128044A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0372108A (en) * | 1989-08-10 | 1991-03-27 | Showa Concrete Kogyo Kk | Lightweight water permeable member |
JPH0473312A (en) * | 1990-07-16 | 1992-03-09 | Okutama Kogyo Kk | Filling method of clearance for civil engineering and construction work and composition for filler thereof |
JPH06294130A (en) * | 1991-02-14 | 1994-10-21 | Shinichi Ishida | Foam molded product |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007277910A (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2007-10-25 | Nishi Nippon Spc Kk | Block for lightweight fill, lightweight fill structure, and its construction method |
JP2010133153A (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2010-06-17 | Ohbayashi Corp | Underground structure, and method of constructing the same |
JP2010150843A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-07-08 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Lightweight banking material and banking method |
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