JPH08109110A - Microbial preparation for leguminous plant - Google Patents
Microbial preparation for leguminous plantInfo
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- JPH08109110A JPH08109110A JP6246314A JP24631494A JPH08109110A JP H08109110 A JPH08109110 A JP H08109110A JP 6246314 A JP6246314 A JP 6246314A JP 24631494 A JP24631494 A JP 24631494A JP H08109110 A JPH08109110 A JP H08109110A
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、マメ科植物用微生物製
剤に関し、詳しくは、ダイズ等のマメ科植物の成長を促
進させ、収量を増加させるための微生物製剤に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a microbial preparation for legumes, and more particularly to a microbial preparation for promoting the growth and increasing the yield of legumes such as soybean.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】マメ科植物は、リゾビウム（Rhizobiu
m）属細菌、ブラジリゾビウム（Bradyrhizobium）属細
菌、アゾリゾビウム（Azorhizobium）属細菌などの根粒
菌類の感染により共生的に根粒を形成する。根粒中に形
成されたバクテロイドが空中窒素固定を行うことによ
り、マメ科植物は他の作物の収穫が期待できないような
土地においても生産を行うことができる。現在、根粒菌
の純粋培養物をマメ科植物に人工接種することにより、
収量増加が図られている（Moawad, H. et al., Biol.Fe
rtil. Soils, 6, 174-177 (1988)）。Leguminous plants are Rhizobiu.
m) symbiotic root nodules are formed by infection with root nodule fungi such as bacteria belonging to the genus Bradyrhizobium and bacteria belonging to the genus Azorhizobium. The bacteroides formed in the nodules fix nitrogen in the air, so that legumes can be produced even in a land where other crops cannot be expected to be harvested. Currently, by artificially inoculating legumes with a pure culture of Rhizobium,
Yield has been increased (Moawad, H. et al., Biol.Fe
rtil. Soils, 6, 174-177 (1988)).
【０００３】一方、アゾスピリラム（Azospirillum）属
細菌（以下、「アゾスピリラム菌」という）は、植物に
緩やかに共生し植物の生育促進を行うことが知られてい
る植物成長促進根圏細菌の一種である。このアゾスピリ
ラム属細菌においても、純粋培養物をコムギ、トウモロ
コシ、イネ等の単子葉植物に接種することにより収量を
増加させようという試みが行われている（Singh, C. S.
et al., Plant Soil,53, 387 (1979)）。例えば、コム
ギの水耕栽培に対するアゾスピリラム ブラジレンス
（Azospirillum brasilense） ＡＴＣＣ２９７１０等の
効果については、種子に接種して葉の重量が約５０％増
加したという報告（Soil Biol. Biochem., 18, 297-301
(1988)）がある。しかし、根粒菌、アゾスピリラム菌
をそれぞれ単独で圃場に接種した場合には、安定した効
果が得られにくいという問題があった。On the other hand, a bacterium of the genus Azospirillum (hereinafter referred to as "Azospirillum") is a kind of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria known to gently coexist with plants and promote plant growth. . Even in this azospirillum bacterium, attempts have been made to increase the yield by inoculating a monoculture such as wheat, corn and rice with a pure culture (Singh, CS
et al., Plant Soil, 53, 387 (1979)). For example, regarding the effects of Azospirillum brasilense ATCC 29710 and the like on the hydroponics of wheat, it was reported that seeds were inoculated to increase the leaf weight by about 50% (Soil Biol. Biochem., 18, 297-301).
(1988)). However, when root nodule bacteria and azospirillum bacteria were individually inoculated into a field, there was a problem that it was difficult to obtain a stable effect.
【０００４】上記問題に対し、アゾスピリラム菌を根粒
菌と同時にマメ科植物に接種し、更なる収量増加を求め
る試みがなされており（蒲生卓磨、 「農業と園芸」、第
６４巻、第７号、第８８９〜８９５頁、１９８９年；仁
王以智夫、「微生物と資源」、第６巻、第３５〜４２頁、
１９８１年）、ある程度の成果が得られている。ところ
で、上記のような細菌を植物に接種するには、通常、培
養した細菌を鹿沼土などの土壌類、あるいは多孔質の石
材等の担体に吸着させ、水分含量を５０重量％より低く
調整した、あるいは調整してない微生物製剤が用いられ
ている。例えば、窒素固定能の高い根粒菌と滅菌した土
壌と水溶性高分子とを含有し、水分２５〜４５重量％の
粒状であることを特徴とする根粒菌の接種資材が開示さ
れている（特開平６−１４１８４８号公報）。しかし、
水分含量が５０重量％より低い微生物製剤での微生物の
保存性は低く、３か月程度で活性低下により使用できな
くなる。植物用の微生物製剤の実用化を進める上で、こ
の保存性の問題が障害となっていた。In response to the above problems, it has been attempted to inoculate legumes with Azospirillum fungi at the same time as root nodule fungi to further increase the yield (Gamo Takuma, "Agriculture and Horticulture", Vol. 64, No. 7). Pp. 889-895, 1989; Tomoo Nio, "Microorganisms and Resources," Vol. 6, pp. 35-42.
(1981), some results have been obtained. By the way, in order to inoculate a plant with the above-mentioned bacteria, usually, the cultured bacteria are adsorbed on a soil such as Kanuma soil or a carrier such as a porous stone material to adjust the water content to be less than 50% by weight. Or, an unadjusted microbial preparation is used. For example, an inoculum for rhizobia containing a rhizobia having a high nitrogen-fixing ability, a sterilized soil and a water-soluble polymer and having a water content of 25 to 45% by weight is disclosed (special feature (Kaihei 6-141848). But,
The microbial preservability of a microbial preparation having a water content of less than 50% by weight is low, and it becomes unusable after about 3 months due to a decrease in activity. This problem of storability has been an obstacle to the practical application of microbial preparations for plants.
【０００５】一方、根粒菌と光合成細菌とを混合するこ
とにより根粒菌の保存中の失活を防ぐ方法が開示されて
いる（特公昭５９−５０３１１号公報）が、アゾスピリ
ラム菌との併用により得られる効果は期待できない。On the other hand, a method for preventing inactivation of rhizobia during storage by mixing rhizobia and photosynthetic bacteria is disclosed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-50311), but it is obtained by using it in combination with azospirillum. The expected effect cannot be expected.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記観点か
らなされたものであり、マメ科植物に対し優れた成長促
進効果及び収量増加効果を有するとともに、保存安定性
に優れた微生物製剤を提供することを課題とする。The present invention has been made from the above viewpoints, and provides a microbial preparation having excellent growth-promoting and yield-increasing effects on legumes and excellent storage stability. The task is to do.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、上記課題を
解決するために鋭意研究を行った結果、アゾスピリラム
菌及び根粒菌を、水分量５０％〜９０％の担体に担持さ
せることにより、これらの細菌の保存安定性を高めるこ
とができることを見い出し、本発明に至った。Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive research to solve the above problems, the present inventor found that by supporting azospirillum and root nodule bacteria on a carrier having a water content of 50% to 90%, It was found that the storage stability of these bacteria can be increased, and the present invention has been completed.
【０００８】すなわち本発明は、アゾスピリラム菌及び
根粒菌を、水分量５０％〜９０％の担体に担持させたマ
メ科植物用微生物製剤である。この担体としては、有機
物担体であることが好ましい。また、本発明のマメ科植
物用微生物製剤は、ｐＨが５．５〜８．０の範囲に調製
されることが好ましい。That is, the present invention is a microbial preparation for legumes in which azospirillum and rhizobia are supported on a carrier having a water content of 50% to 90%. This carrier is preferably an organic carrier. Further, the microbial preparation for legumes of the present invention is preferably adjusted to have a pH in the range of 5.5 to 8.0.
【０００９】以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。本発明の
マメ科植物用微生物製剤は、アゾスピリラム菌及び根粒
菌を含有する。アゾスピリラム菌は、窒素固定能を有す
るグラム陰性の偏性好気性細菌の一種である。本発明に
用いるアゾスピリラム菌としては、アゾスピリラム属に
属し、マメ科植物に対して生育促進作用を有する微生物
であれば特に制限されないが、具体的には、アゾスピリ
ラム ブラジレンス（Azospirillum brasilense）、ア
ゾスピリラム リポフェラム（A. lipoferum）、アゾス
ピリラム ハロプレファランス（A. halopraeferan
s）、アゾスピリラム アマゾネンセ（A. amazonense）
等が挙げられる。これらの中では、アゾスピリラム ブ
ラジレンスが好ましい。The present invention will be described in detail below. The microbial preparation for legumes of the present invention contains azospirillum and rhizobia. Azospirillum is a kind of gram-negative obligate aerobic bacterium having nitrogen-fixing ability. The azospirillum bacterium used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a microorganism belonging to the genus Azospirillum and having a growth promoting action on legumes, and specifically, azospirillum brasilence (Azospirillum brasilense), azospirillum lipoferrum (A . lipoferum), Azospirillum A. halopraeferan
s), Azospirillum A. amazonense
Etc. Of these, Azospirillum brasilence is preferred.
【００１０】また、本発明に用いる根粒菌としては、マ
メ科植物の根に感染して根粒を形成するグラム陰性細菌
であり、マメ科植物に対して生育促進作用を有するもの
であれば特に制限されず、具体的にはリゾビウム（Rhiz
obium）属、ブラジリゾビウム（Bradyrhizobium）属、
アゾリゾビウム（Azorhizobium）属に属する微生物が挙
げられる。さらに具体的には、リゾビウム メリロッテ
イ（Rhizobium meliloti）、リゾビウム トリフォリイ
（R. trifolii）、リゾビウム レグミノサルム（R. le
guminosarum）、リゾビウム ファゼオリイ（R. phaseo
li）、リゾビウム ルピニ（R. lupini）、リゾビウム
フレデイ（R. fredii）、リゾビウムロッテイ（R. lo
ti）、ブラジリゾビウム ジャポニクム（Bradyrhizobi
um japonicum）、アゾリゾビウム カウリノダンス（Az
orhizobium caulinodans）が挙げられる。The rhizobia used in the present invention is a gram-negative bacterium which infects roots of legumes to form nodules, and is particularly limited as long as it has a growth promoting action on legumes. Rhizium (Rhiz
obium), Bradyrhizobium (Bradyrhizobium),
A microorganism belonging to the genus Azorhizobium can be mentioned. More specifically, Rhizobium meliloti, Rhizobium trifolii, Rhizobium legminosalm
guminosarum), Rhizobium phaseolii (R. phaseo)
li), Rhizobium lupini (R. lupini), Rhizobium fredii (R. fredii), Rhizobium lotti (R. lo)
ti), Braziryzobium japonicum (Bradyrhizobi
um japonicum), Azorizobium Kaulino Dance (Az
orhizobium caulinodans).
【００１１】上記根粒菌及びアゾスピリラム菌の培養に
用いる培地は、これらの微生物の増殖に適した培地であ
れば特に制限されないが、液体培地が好ましい。尚、ア
ゾスピリラム菌については、ＤＬ−リンゴ酸を培地に添
加すると培地中の菌数を高めることができる。具体的に
は、アゾスピリラム菌の培養には、ＲＣ培地（ＤＬ−リ
ンゴ酸：５ｇ／Ｌ、ＫＯＨ：４．８ｇ／Ｌ、酵母エキ
ス：０．５ｇ／Ｌ、ＫＨ 2ＰＯ4：０．５ｇ／Ｌ、ＭｇＳ
Ｏ4・７Ｈ2Ｏ：０．２ｇ／Ｌ、ＮａＣｌ：０．１ｇ／
Ｌ、ＦｅＣｌ3・６Ｈ2Ｏ：０．０１５ｇ／Ｌ、ｐＨ７．
０）が挙げられる。また、根粒菌の培養には、以下の組
成を有する培地が挙げられる。マニトール：１０ｇ／
Ｌ、酵母エキス：０．４ｇ／Ｌ、ＫＨ2ＰＯ4：０．５ｇ
／Ｌ、ＭｇＳＯ 4・７Ｈ2Ｏ：０．２ｇ／Ｌ、ＮａＣｌ：
０．１ｇ／Ｌ。これらの培地に、上記根粒菌あるいはア
ゾスピリラム菌を１０8個細胞／Ｌの割合で接種後、３
０℃で２４時間、毎分１８０回の振盪培養を行い、その
後、遠心分離機で集菌し菌体を得ることができる。For culturing the above-mentioned root nodule bacteria and azospirillum bacteria
The medium used is a medium suitable for the growth of these microorganisms.
There is no particular limitation as long as it is a liquid medium. In addition,
For Zospirillum, DL-malic acid was added to the medium.
When added, the number of bacteria in the medium can be increased. Specifically
In order to culture Azospirillum, RC medium (DL-Li
Ngoic acid: 5 g / L, KOH: 4.8 g / L, yeast exhaust
Space: 0.5g / L, KH 2POFour: 0.5 g / L, MgS
OFour・ 7H2O: 0.2 g / L, NaCl: 0.1 g /
L, FeCl3・ 6H2O: 0.015 g / L, pH 7.
0) can be mentioned. For culturing Rhizobium,
Examples of the medium include a growth medium. Manitol: 10g /
L, yeast extract: 0.4 g / L, KH2POFour: 0.5g
/ L, MgSO Four・ 7H2O: 0.2 g / L, NaCl:
0.1 g / L. Add these rhizobia or bacteria to these media.
10 zospirillum bacteria83 after inoculation at the rate of individual cells / L
Shake culture was performed 180 times per minute at 0 ° C for 24 hours.
After that, the cells can be collected by a centrifuge to obtain bacterial cells.
【００１２】本発明に用いる担体としては、有機質及び
無機質のいずれのものも使用でき、有機質及び無機質の
両方を含むものでもよい。具体的には、例えば、赤玉
土、焼成赤玉土、鹿沼土、黒ボク土、バーミキュライ
ト、パーライト、ゼオライト等の無機質、または、ピー
トモス、木炭、パルプ、藁、バガス、油かす、魚かす、
骨粉、血粉、貝化石、カニがら等の有機物あるいはそれ
らの混合物が挙げられる。微生物の保存安定性の観点か
らは、これらのうちでは有機質の担体が好ましい。The carrier used in the present invention may be either organic or inorganic, and may include both organic and inorganic substances. Specifically, for example, Akadama soil, calcined Akatama soil, Kanuma soil, Kuroboku soil, vermiculite, perlite, minerals such as zeolite, or peat moss, charcoal, pulp, straw, bagasse, oil cake, fish cake,
Examples thereof include organic substances such as bone meal, blood meal, fossil shellfish, crab and the like, or a mixture thereof. Among these, organic carriers are preferable from the viewpoint of storage stability of microorganisms.
【００１３】担体に上記微生物を担持させるには、担体
と微生物又はその懸濁液を混合すればよい。混合物の水
分量は、微生物製剤全量に対して５０〜９０重量％、好
ましくは６０〜８０重量％の範囲に調整する。従来の微
生物製剤は、通常４０重量％以上の水分を含んでいる
が、５０重量％より低く調整されている。これに対し、
本発明においては、水分含量を５０〜９０重量％とする
ことで、微生物の保存安定性を向上させることができ
る。In order to support the above-mentioned microorganisms on the carrier, the carrier may be mixed with the microorganism or its suspension. The water content of the mixture is adjusted to 50 to 90% by weight, preferably 60 to 80% by weight, based on the total amount of the microbial preparation. Conventional microbial formulations usually contain more than 40% by weight of water, but are adjusted to below 50% by weight. In contrast,
In the present invention, the storage stability of microorganisms can be improved by setting the water content to 50 to 90% by weight.
【００１４】微生物の配合量としては、特に制限されな
いが、５０〜９０重量％の水分を含んだ状態の担体１ｇ
当たりアゾスピリラム菌及び根粒菌をそれぞれ１０5〜
１０8個細胞づつ、好ましくは１０7個以上づつ配合する
ことにより、所期の効果が期待できる。また、アゾスピ
リラム菌と根粒菌の配合比は、細胞数として０．１〜１
０の範囲が好ましい。The amount of microorganisms to be added is not particularly limited, but 1 g of carrier containing 50 to 90% by weight of water.
Azospirillum and root nodule bacteria are 10 5 ~
The desired effect can be expected by mixing 10 8 cells, preferably 10 7 cells or more. The mixing ratio of Azospirillum and Rhizobium is 0.1 to 1 in terms of cell number.
A range of 0 is preferred.
【００１５】本発明の微生物製剤は、ｐＨを５．５〜
８．０の範囲に調整することによって、微生物の保存安
定性をさらに高めることができる。ｐＨの調整は、例え
ば石炭灰を担体の一部として配合することによって行え
る。石炭灰を用いる場合には、石炭灰の配合量は微生物
製剤全量に対して５〜３０重量％の範囲であることが好
ましく、微生物製剤１重量部に水５重量部を加えたとき
のｐＨが５．５〜８．０の範囲となるような割合とする
のがよい。また、石炭灰の配合量は、石炭灰を除いた担
体の乾燥重量の３〜３００重量％の範囲であることが好
ましい。この範囲で石炭灰を配合することは、植物に成
長に必要なマグネシウム、カルシウム及びカリウム等の
金属の他、ホウ素やモリブデン等のような微量元素を補
強することができる点からも好ましい。The microbial preparation of the present invention has a pH of 5.5-5.5.
By adjusting the range to 8.0, the storage stability of microorganisms can be further enhanced. The pH can be adjusted, for example, by incorporating coal ash as a part of the carrier. When using coal ash, the content of coal ash is preferably in the range of 5 to 30% by weight based on the total amount of the microbial preparation, and the pH when 5 parts by weight of water is added to 1 part by weight of the microbial preparation. It is preferable that the ratio be in the range of 5.5 to 8.0. The amount of coal ash blended is preferably in the range of 3 to 300% by weight based on the dry weight of the carrier excluding coal ash. Blending coal ash in this range is preferable in that it is possible to reinforce the trace elements such as boron and molybdenum in addition to the metals such as magnesium, calcium and potassium required for plant growth.
【００１６】用いる石炭灰としては、例えば微粉炭の燃
焼灰、流動床燃焼灰の粉砕灰等が挙げられる。好ましい
石炭灰としては、酸化カルシウムの含量が１．５重量％
以上のものであり、平均粉径が５ｍｍ以下、より好まし
くは粉径３ｍｍ〜１０μｍの粒子が全体の８０％以上を
占めるものである。更に、石炭灰１重量部に水５重量部
を加えた時のｐＨが９以上のものが好ましい。Examples of the coal ash used include pulverized coal combustion ash and fluidized bed combustion ash crushed ash. The preferred coal ash has a calcium oxide content of 1.5% by weight.
The average particle diameter is 5 mm or less, and more preferably particles having a particle diameter of 3 mm to 10 μm account for 80% or more of the entire particles. Further, the pH is preferably 9 or more when 5 parts by weight of water is added to 1 part by weight of coal ash.
【００１７】本発明が適用されるマメ科植物としては、
ダイズ、エンドウ、インゲン、ソラマメ、ラッカセイ、
アズキ等マメ科の植物であれば何れでもよいが、これら
の中ではダイズ、エンドウ、インゲンが好適である。
尚、根粒菌は通常、宿主特異性を有しているので、マメ
科植物の種類に応じて菌種を選択すればよい。例えば、
ダイズにはブラジリゾビウム ジャポニクムが、エンド
ウにはリゾビウム レグミノサルムが、インゲンにはリ
ゾビウム ファゼオリイが各々好適である。また、アゾ
スピリラム菌の宿主特異性については、根粒菌に比べ遥
かに緩いので、マメ科植物に対しては、同一菌種のアゾ
スピリラム菌を用いることができる。The legumes to which the present invention is applied include
Soybean, pea, kidney bean, broad bean, groundnut,
Any leguminous plant such as azuki bean may be used, but of these, soybean, pea and kidney bean are preferable.
Since the root nodule bacteria usually have host specificity, the fungal species may be selected according to the type of legumes. For example,
Bradyrhizobium japonicum is suitable for soybean, Rhizobium leguminosalum is preferred for pea, and Rhizobium phaseolii is preferred for kidney bean. Further, since the host specificity of Azospirillum is far less than that of Rhizobium, the same species of Azospirillum can be used for legumes.
【００１８】本発明のマメ科植物用微生物製剤の使用法
としては、育苗培土への散布、播種部位への接種等が挙
げられる。育苗培土は、畑土、水田土壌、人工培土など
いずれでもよく、適用する植物に応じて適宜設定すれば
よい。例えば、エダマメの様なダイズには砂や人工培土
が好ましい。また、植物を栽培する際に、苗床から本圃
に移植する場合には、苗床及び本圃のいずれに使用して
もよく、両方に使用してもよい。[0018] Examples of the method of using the microbial preparation for legumes of the present invention include spraying to seedling raising soil, inoculation to a sowing site, and the like. The seedling-raising soil may be any of upland soil, paddy soil, artificial soil, etc., and may be appropriately set according to the plant to which it is applied. For example, sand or artificial soil is preferable for soybeans such as edamame. Moreover, when transplanting from a nursery bed to this field at the time of cultivating a plant, it may be used for both a nursery bed and this field, and may be used for both.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例】以下に、本発明の実施例を説明する。EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below.
【００２０】＜１＞アゾスピリラム菌及び根粒菌の培養 アゾスピリラム ブラジレンス（ＡＴＣＣ２９１４５）
は、ＲＣ培地（ＤＬ−リンゴ酸：５ｇ／Ｌ、ＫＯＨ：
４．８ｇ／Ｌ、酵母エキス：０．５ｇ／Ｌ、ＫＨ 2Ｐ
Ｏ4：０．５ｇ／Ｌ、ＭｇＳＯ4・７Ｈ2Ｏ：０．２ｇ／
Ｌ、ＮａＣｌ：０．１ｇ／Ｌ、ＦｅＣｌ3・６Ｈ2Ｏ：
０．０１５ｇ／Ｌ、ｐＨ７．０）を用い、５００ｍＬ坂
口フラスコに１００ｍＬづつ培地を分注後、別に液体培
養した種菌をフラスコ１本に１０7個細胞づつ接種し
て、これを毎分１８０回振盪する振盪培養機の中で３２
℃、２４時間培養後、遠心分離により集菌した。<1> Culture of Azospirillum and Rhizobium Azospirillum brasilence (ATCC 29145)
Is an RC medium (DL-malic acid: 5 g / L, KOH:
4.8 g / L, yeast extract: 0.5 g / L, KH 2P
OFour: 0.5 g / L, MgSOFour・ 7H2O: 0.2 g /
L, NaCl: 0.1 g / L, FeCl3・ 6H2O:
0.015g / L, pH 7.0), 500mL slope
Dispense 100 mL of medium into each neck flask, and then add liquid culture separately.
10 inoculated seeds per flask7Inoculate individual cells one by one
And shake it 180 times per minute in a shaking incubator.
After culturing at C for 24 hours, the cells were collected by centrifugation.
【００２１】一方、根粒菌（Bradyrhizobium japonicum
ＡＴＣＣ１０３２４）は、マニトール：１０ｇ／Ｌ、
酵母エキス：０．４ｇ／Ｌ、ＫＨ2ＰＯ4：０．５ｇ／
Ｌ、ＭｇＳＯ4・７Ｈ2Ｏ：０．２ｇ／Ｌ、ＮａＣｌ：
０．１ｇ／Ｌ を含む培地を用い、その他の条件はアゾ
スピリラム菌と同じ条件で培養後、遠心分離により集菌
した。On the other hand, root nodule bacteria (Bradyrhizobium japonicum)
ATCC10324) is mannitol: 10 g / L,
Yeast extract: 0.4 g / L, KH 2 PO 4 : 0.5 g /
L, MgSO 4 · 7H 2 O : 0.2g / L, NaCl:
Using a medium containing 0.1 g / L, other conditions were the same as those of Azospirillum, and the cells were collected by centrifugation.
【００２２】＜２＞担体の種類、ｐＨ及び水分含量の検
討 上記のようにして得られたアゾスピリラム菌と根粒菌を
用いて、以下に示す試験例１及び比較例１〜３の微生物
製剤を調製し、これらの微生物製剤中に含まれる微生物
の保存安定性を試験した。<2> Examination of type of carrier, pH and water content Using the azospirillum and rhizobia obtained as described above, microbial preparations of Test Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 shown below are prepared. Then, the storage stability of the microorganisms contained in these microbial preparations was tested.
【００２３】試験例１は、ピートモス９重量部に石炭灰
１重量部を加え、水分含量５０重量％に調製し、アゾス
ピリラム菌と根粒菌をそれぞれ担体１ｇ当たり１０7個
となるように混合した。In Test Example 1, 9 parts by weight of peat moss was mixed with 1 part by weight of coal ash to prepare a water content of 50% by weight, and azospirillum bacteria and root nodule bacteria were mixed at 10 7 per 1 g of the carrier.
【００２４】比較例１は、アゾスピリラム菌５×１０11
個と根粒菌５×１０11個の湿菌体を均一に混合した。比
較例２は、バーミキュライトの水分含量を５０％に調製
してアゾスピリラム菌と根粒菌を、それぞれ担体１ｇ当
たり１０7個体となるように均一に混合した。 比較例
３は、ピートモスの水分含量を５０重量％に調製し、ア
ゾスピリラム菌と根粒菌をそれぞれ担体１ｇ当たり１０
7個体となるように均一に混合した。Comparative Example 1 is 5 × 10 11 of Azospirillum.
Wet cells and 5 × 10 11 nodule bacteria were uniformly mixed. In Comparative Example 2, the water content of vermiculite was adjusted to 50%, and azospirillum and rhizobia were uniformly mixed so that 10 7 individuals were obtained per 1 g of the carrier. In Comparative Example 3, the water content of peat moss was adjusted to 50% by weight, and azospirillum and rhizobia were each added to 10 g per 1 g of the carrier.
The mixture was uniformly mixed so that 7 individuals were obtained.
【００２５】上記の各微生物製剤の保存安定性は次のよ
うにして行った。比較例１の微生物製剤は４℃に、比較
例２、３及び試験例１の微生物製剤は２５℃に置き、２
４０日保存した。保存前及び保存後に、微生物製剤１ｇ
を３０ｍＬの０．１Ｍ ＭｇＳＯ4に懸濁して１時間振盪
した後、この懸濁液を１００００倍に希釈し、標準寒天
培地に一定量塗布してコロニー形成数を調べ、保存前の
コロニー形成数に対する保存後のコロニー形成数を生存
率とした。結果を表１に示す。The storage stability of each of the above microbial preparations was determined as follows. The microbial preparation of Comparative Example 1 was placed at 4 ° C, and the microbial preparations of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 and Test Example 1 were placed at 25 ° C.
It was stored for 40 days. 1 g of microbial preparation before and after storage
Was suspended in 30 mL of 0.1 M MgSO 4 and shaken for 1 hour, then this suspension was diluted 10000 times and applied on a standard agar medium in a fixed amount to examine the number of colonies formed. The survival rate was defined as the number of colonies formed after storage. The results are shown in Table 1.
【００２６】[0026]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２７】比較例１では、一般に保存性がよいといわ
れている４℃で保存しても、２４０日後には、ほぼ１０
０％が死滅したのに対し、試験例では２５℃で保存して
も生菌が残存していた。特に、試験例１では４０％の微
生物が生存していた。In Comparative Example 1, even after storage at 4 ° C., which is generally said to have good storage stability, after 240 days, it was almost 10
While 0% of the cells died, in the test example, viable cells remained even after storage at 25 ° C. Particularly, in Test Example 1, 40% of the microorganisms survived.
【００２８】＜３＞水分含量の検討 微生物製剤中の水分含量が微生物の保存安定性に与える
影響を調べた。ピートモス９重量部に石炭灰１重量部を
加え混合後、表２に示したように水分を調製し、さらに
アゾスピリラム菌と根粒菌をそれぞれ微生物製剤１ｇ当
たり１０7個となるように均一に混合した。その後、２
５℃で２４０日目保存した後、前記と同様にして生存率
を測定した。結果を表２に示す。<3> Examination of Water Content The effect of the water content in the microbial preparation on the storage stability of microorganisms was investigated. After adding 1 part by weight of coal ash to 9 parts by weight of peat moss and mixing, the water content was adjusted as shown in Table 2, and further, azospirillum bacteria and root nodule bacteria were uniformly mixed at 10 7 per 1 g of the microorganism preparation. . Then 2
After storage at 5 ° C for 240 days, the survival rate was measured in the same manner as above. Table 2 shows the results.
【００２９】[0029]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００３０】この結果から、水分含量は５０〜９０重量
％で４０％以上の微生物が生存できることが明らかであ
る。From these results, it is clear that 40% or more of microorganisms can survive at a water content of 50 to 90% by weight.
【００３１】＜４＞エダマメに対する成長促進作用 径９ｃｍの黒色ビニールポットに赤玉土を、ポットの上
部２ｃｍの隙間を残して加え、エダマメ（品種：サッポ
ロミドリ）の種子を２粒づつ播種した。この様なポット
を、比較例９から１３、試験例５のそれぞれにつき２０
ポットづつ作成した。<4> Growth-promoting action on green soybeans Red pearl earth was added to a black vinyl pot having a diameter of 9 cm, leaving a gap of 2 cm above the pot, and two seeds of green soybean (variety: Sapporo Midori) were sown. 20 such pots were prepared for each of Comparative Examples 9 to 13 and Test Example 5.
I made each pot.
【００３２】比較例９は、何も添加せず、比較例１０は
アゾスピリラム菌を１ポット当たり１０7個体接種し、
比較例１１は根粒菌を１ポット当たり１０7個体接種
し、比較例１２はアゾスピリラム菌と根粒菌を１ポット
当たり１０7個体接種した。試験例５は、前記試験例１
の微生物製剤（ピートモス９重量部に石炭灰１重量部を
加え、水分量を５０％に調製し、アゾスピリラム菌と根
粒菌を担体１ｇ当たりそれぞれ１０7個体になるように
添加、混合したもの）を１ポット当たり１ｇ接種し、比
較例１３では、ピートモス９重量部に石炭灰１重量部を
加え、水分含量を５０％に調製したものを１ポット当た
り１ｇ接種した。In Comparative Example 9, nothing was added, and in Comparative Example 10, 10 7 individuals of Azospirillum were inoculated per pot.
Comparative Example 11 The root nodule bacteria and 10 7 individual inoculated per pot, Comparative Example 12 was 10 7 individual inoculated per pot Azospirillum bacteria and rhizobia. Test Example 5 is the same as Test Example 1 above.
Microbial preparation (9 parts by weight of peat moss and 1 part by weight of coal ash were added to adjust the water content to 50%, and azospirillum and root nodule bacteria were added and mixed so that 10 7 individuals were added per 1 g of the carrier). 1 g per pot was inoculated. In Comparative Example 13, 1 part by weight of coal ash was added to 9 parts by weight of peat moss to adjust the water content to 50%, and 1 g per pot was inoculated.
【００３３】これらのポットは、種子が発芽してから１
ポット当たり１本になるように間引きを行い、１日１回
潅水し、１か月生育させた。生育１か月の時点で苗を全
て引き抜き、根に付いた土を水洗し、地上部と根部を切
り分けた後、茎長を測定した。その後、試料と地上部と
根とを別々に１１０℃で３日間乾燥させ、各々の重量を
測定した。それらの結果を表３に示す。表中の各数値
は、比較例９の値を１００とした相対値で示したもので
ある。また、T/R率は、根重に対する地上重の比であ
る。In these pots, 1
Thinning was carried out so that the number of pots was one per pot, watering was carried out once a day, and the plants were grown for one month. After one month of growth, all the seedlings were pulled out, the soil attached to the root was washed with water, and the above-ground part and the root part were cut off, and then the stem length was measured. Then, the sample, the above-ground part, and the root were separately dried at 110 ° C. for 3 days, and each weight was measured. The results are shown in Table 3. Each numerical value in the table is a relative value with the value of Comparative Example 9 as 100. The T / R ratio is the ratio of ground weight to root weight.
【００３４】[0034]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００３５】この結果から、本発明の微生物製剤は、エ
ダマメに対して顕著な成長促進効果を有することが明ら
かである。From these results, it is clear that the microbial preparation of the present invention has a remarkable growth promoting effect on green soybeans.
【００３６】＜５＞エダマメに対する収量増加作用 エダマメ（品種：サッポロミドリ）を、関東ローム層の
畑で栽培した。栽培期間は１９９４年４月２５日〜７月
２０日であった。まず、底部が網目になっている３０ｃ
ｍ×４０ｃｍのプラスチックバットに人工培土（呉羽化
学社製 クレハ園芸培土）を４Ｌ入れ、種子を１バット
当たり６０粒播種した。本葉２枚になるまでバットで生
育させ、畑に移植した。その際、比較例１４は、苗をそ
のまま植え付け、比較例１５は苗の植え付け穴に１穴当
たりアゾスピリラム菌を１０7個接種し、比較例１６は
１穴当たり根粒菌を１０7個体接種し、比較例１７はア
ゾスピリラム菌と根粒菌をそれぞれ１穴当たり１０7個
体づつ接種した。また、試験例６は、試験例１と同様に
調製した微生物製剤を１穴当たり１ｇづつ接種し、比較
例１８は、比較例１３と同様に調製した担体を１穴当た
り１ｇづつ接種した。各区共に、１区４０本づつ３反復
とした。<5> Yield increasing action on green soybeans Green soybeans (variety: Sapporo Midori) were cultivated in a field in the Kanto loam layer. The cultivation period was April 25 to July 20, 1994. First, the bottom is a mesh 30c
4 L of artificial soil (Kureha horticultural soil manufactured by Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd.) was placed in a plastic vat of m × 40 cm, and 60 seeds were seeded per vat. The leaves were grown in bats until they had 2 true leaves, and transplanted to the field. At that time, in Comparative Example 14, the seedlings were planted as they were, in Comparative Example 15, 10 7 azospirillum bacteria were inoculated per hole in the planting holes of the seedlings, and in Comparative Example 16 10 7 nodule bacteria were inoculated per hole. In Comparative Example 17, 10 7 individuals were inoculated with Azospirillum and Rhizobium per well. In Test Example 6, 1 g of the microbial preparation prepared in the same manner as in Test Example 1 was inoculated per well, and in Comparative Example 18, the carrier prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 13 was inoculated at 1 g per well. For each section, 40 sections per section were repeated 3 times.
【００３７】その後、通常の管理により栽培を行い７月
２０日に収穫した。収穫時に各苗ごとに果実を全て取
り、その果実の総重量を測定後、莢中に種子が１粒入っ
ているものと２、３粒入っているものに分け、それぞれ
の重さを測定した。その結果を示したのが表４である。
ここで各数値は比較例１４での値を１００とした相対値
で示してある。After that, cultivation was carried out under normal management and harvested on July 20. At the time of harvest, all the fruits were taken from each seedling, the total weight of the fruits was measured, and then the seeds were divided into those with one seed and those with a few seeds, and the weights were measured. . Table 4 shows the result.
Here, each numerical value is shown as a relative value with the value in Comparative Example 14 as 100.
【００３８】[0038]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００３９】この結果から明らかなように、本発明の微
生物製剤は、エダマメに対して顕著な収量増加効果を有
している。As is clear from these results, the microbial preparation of the present invention has a remarkable yield-increasing effect on green soybeans.
【００４０】[0040]
【発明の効果】本発明により、マメ科植物に対し優れた
成長促進効果及び収量増加効果を有し、かつ、保存安定
性に優れた微生物製剤を提供することができる。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a microbial preparation having excellent growth promoting effect and yield increasing effect on legumes and excellent storage stability.
Claims (6)
５０％〜９０％の担体に担持させたマメ科植物用微生物
製剤。1. A microbial preparation for legumes in which azospirillum and root nodule bacteria are carried on a carrier having a water content of 50% to 90%.
る請求項１記載のマメ科植物用微生物製剤。2. The microbial preparation for legumes according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is an organic carrier.
れ担体１ｇ当たり１０5〜１０8個細胞づつ含有すること
を特徴とする請求項１又は２記載のマメ科植物用微生物
製剤。3. The legume plant microbial preparation according to claim 1, wherein the azospirillum bacterium and the root nodule bacterium each contain 10 5 to 10 8 cells per 1 g of the carrier.
菌の細胞数の比率が、０．１〜１０であることを特徴と
する請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載のマメ科植物
用微生物製剤。4. The legume plant microorganism according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the number of root nodule cells to the number of cells of Azospirillum is 0.1-10. Formulation.
たことを特徴とする請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記
載のマメ科植物用微生物製剤。5. The legume plant microbial preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pH is adjusted to a range of 5.5 to 8.0.
全量に対して５〜３０重量％含有することを特徴とする
請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載のマメ科植物用微
生物製剤。6. The legume plant microorganism according to claim 1, wherein coal ash is contained as a part of the carrier in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight based on the total amount of the microorganism preparation. Formulation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24631494A JP3574685B2 (en) | 1994-10-12 | 1994-10-12 | Microbial preparations for legumes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24631494A JP3574685B2 (en) | 1994-10-12 | 1994-10-12 | Microbial preparations for legumes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08109110A true JPH08109110A (en) | 1996-04-30 |
| JP3574685B2 JP3574685B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 |
Family
ID=17146719
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24631494A Expired - Fee Related JP3574685B2 (en) | 1994-10-12 | 1994-10-12 | Microbial preparations for legumes |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP3574685B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999009834A3 (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 1999-06-24 | Phylaxia Pharma Rt | Method for improving soil microorganism population |
| JP2009051771A (en) * | 2007-08-27 | 2009-03-12 | Mayekawa Mfg Co Ltd | NEW USE OF BACTERIUM BELONGING TO GENUS Azospirillum |
| JP2009203180A (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-10 | Tokachi Nogyo Kyodo Kumiai Rengokai | Microbial material |
| JP2018009025A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2018-01-18 | ノボザイムス バイオロジカルズ，インコーポレイティド | Competitive and effective bacterial strains |
-
1994
- 1994-10-12 JP JP24631494A patent/JP3574685B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999009834A3 (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 1999-06-24 | Phylaxia Pharma Rt | Method for improving soil microorganism population |
| JP2009051771A (en) * | 2007-08-27 | 2009-03-12 | Mayekawa Mfg Co Ltd | NEW USE OF BACTERIUM BELONGING TO GENUS Azospirillum |
| JP2009203180A (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-10 | Tokachi Nogyo Kyodo Kumiai Rengokai | Microbial material |
| JP2018009025A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2018-01-18 | ノボザイムス バイオロジカルズ，インコーポレイティド | Competitive and effective bacterial strains |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3574685B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 |
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