JPH0796485B2 - Disease control microorganisms of solanaceous crops and disease control method - Google Patents
Disease control microorganisms of solanaceous crops and disease control methodInfo
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- JPH0796485B2 JPH0796485B2 JP62244948A JP24494887A JPH0796485B2 JP H0796485 B2 JPH0796485 B2 JP H0796485B2 JP 62244948 A JP62244948 A JP 62244948A JP 24494887 A JP24494887 A JP 24494887A JP H0796485 B2 JPH0796485 B2 JP H0796485B2
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- wilt
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、ナス科作物の病害とくに土壌伝染病の防除に
有効な微生物および該微生物を施用することを特徴とす
るそれら病害の防除法に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to microorganisms effective for controlling diseases of solanaceous crops, particularly soil-borne diseases, and a method for controlling those diseases characterized by applying the microorganisms. .
ナス科作物の主要な病害として、トマト疫病、トマト萎
凋病、トマト半身萎凋病、トマト青枯病、トマト根こぶ
線虫病、ナス半枯病、トマト半身萎凋病、ナス青枯病、
ジャガイモ疫病、ジャガイモ青枯病、ピーマン疫病等が
挙げられるが、これらのうち、萎凋病、半枯病、半身萎
凋病、青枯病、根こぶ線虫病は、土壌伝染病で難防除病
害とされている。As major diseases of solanaceous crops, tomato blight, tomato wilt, tomato wilt wilt, tomato wilt disease, tomato root-knot nematode disease, eggplant wilt disease, tomato wilt wilt, eggplant wilt disease,
Potato blight, potato wilt, bell pepper blight, etc. can be mentioned. Among them, wilt disease, half blight, wilt wilt, wilt disease, and root-knot nematode disease are soil-borne diseases and are difficult to control diseases. Has been done.
ナス科作物の病害防除法は、疫病等の空気伝染病に対し
ては茎葉部への殺菌剤の散布が行われているが、半身萎
凋病等の土壌伝染病に対しては有効な殺菌剤が無く、く
ん蒸剤や蒸気による土壌消毒の他、抵抗性品種あるいは
台木の利用、輪作等が実施されている。しかしながら、
化学合成農薬による防除は、薬剤耐性菌の出現や薬害、
公害発生等の恐れが有り、とくに、ある程度の経済性を
有していることから土壌伝染病の防除に現在多く使用さ
れているクロルピクリンや臭化メチル等のくん蒸剤は、
土壌中に生息する微生物を無差別に殺し、作物生産に対
して有益に働く微生物をも殺生してしまうという問題、
さらに、作物および人畜に対する危険性が極めて大き
い。一方、抵抗性品種あるいは台木を利用した防除は、
病原菌の寄生性が分化し抵抗性植物を侵し得る病原菌レ
ースが出現するという問題が有り、その利用については
限界がある。また、最近の野菜栽培では、施設の普及や
産地の指定化に伴って栽培される作物が単一となる傾向
に有り輪作の実施も困難な状況であり、連作障害の問題
も深刻化している。In the control method of diseases of solanaceous crops, a fungicide is applied to the foliage for airborne diseases such as epidemics, but an effective fungicide for soil-borne diseases such as wilt disease. In addition to soil disinfection with fumigants and steam, resistant varieties or rootstocks are used, and crop rotation is carried out. However,
Control with chemically-synthesized pesticides is necessary for the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria
There is a risk of pollution, especially fumigants such as chloropicrin and methyl bromide, which are currently often used for controlling soil-borne diseases because they have a certain degree of economic efficiency,
The problem of indiscriminately killing microorganisms that live in the soil, and also killing microorganisms that work beneficially for crop production,
Moreover, the risk to crops and livestock is extremely high. On the other hand, control using resistant varieties or rootstocks
There is a problem that the pathogenic bacterium race emerges, in which the parasitism of the pathogenic bacterium is differentiated to invade resistant plants, and its use is limited. Moreover, in recent vegetable cultivation, the number of crops cultivated tends to become single due to the spread of facilities and the designation of production areas, and it is difficult to carry out rotations, and the problem of continuous cropping is becoming more serious. .
本発明は、従来から行われているナス科作物の病害防除
における前記不利な点を解決し、合成農薬とくに土壌く
ん蒸剤に代わる新しい防除資材を提供するものである。The present invention solves the above-mentioned disadvantages in the conventional disease control of solanaceous crops, and provides a new control material as an alternative to synthetic pesticides, especially soil fumigants.
本発明者らは、“交叉防御（クロス−プロテクション
（crss−protection））”という植物−微生物間相互の
現象〔ベイカー ケイ．エフ．ら（Baker,K.F.et al）
（1974）；バイオロジカル コントロール オブ プラ
ント パト−ゲンス ダブリュウ．エッチ．フリーマ
ン、サンフランシスコ（Biological Control of Plant
Pathogens W.H.Freeman,San Francisco）］に着目し、
作物自身に病害抵抗性を付与することにより防除困難な
土壌伝染病を防除することを目的として、自然界から多
数の微生物を純粋分離し、トマトを主たる対象として研
究を進めた結果、トマトのみならず広くナス科作物の病
害防除に有効で、しかも人畜ならびに作物に安全な微生
物を見い出し、本発明を完成するに至った。The present inventors have found that a cross-protection (crss-protection) phenomenon between plants and microorganisms [Baker Kei. F. Et al (Baker, KFet al)
(1974); Biological Control of Plant Patgens Double. Etch. Freeman, San Francisco (Biological Control of Plant
Pathogens WHFreeman, San Francisco)],
For the purpose of controlling soil-borne diseases that are difficult to control by imparting disease resistance to the crop itself, many microorganisms were purely separated from the natural world, and as a result of research conducted mainly on tomato, the result was not only on tomatoes. The present invention has been completed by finding microorganisms which are widely effective for disease control of solanaceous crops and are safe for humans and crops.
すなわち、本発明は、ナス科作物の病害防除に有効な新
規微生物 フザリム オキシスポルム（Fusarium oxysp
orum sp.）MT−0062−（微工研菌寄第9608号）および病
原性の無い該新規微生物を植物根または土壌に処理する
ことを特徴とするナス科作物病害の防除方法である。That is, the present invention relates to a novel microorganism Fusarium oxysporum that is effective in controlling diseases of solanaceous crops.
orum sp.) MT-0062- (Ministry of Industrial Science and Research No. 9608) and the novel pathogen-free microorganisms are applied to plant roots or soil to control diseases of solanaceous crops.
本発明に係る微生物は、自然細土壌で生育させたトマト
の根圏から分離して得られたフザリウム属オキシスポル
ム種（Fusarium oxysporum sp.）の新規菌株である。The microorganism of the present invention is a novel strain of Fusarium oxysporum sp. Obtained by separating from the rhizosphere of tomato grown in natural fine soil.
フザリウム属オキシスポルム種（Fusarium oxysporum s
p.）は、国立予防衛生研究所の病原体等安全管理規程に
よれば危険度が最も低い“1;多量に取り扱っても、実験
室感染の可能性が殆んど無い”と定められており、人畜
に対する安全性も保証されている。本菌株も同様であ
る。Fusarium oxysporum s
p.) is defined as having the lowest risk according to the National Institute of Preventive Health's safety management rules for pathogens, etc. "1; there is almost no possibility of laboratory infection even if a large amount is handled." , Safety against humans and animals is also guaranteed. The same applies to this strain.
本発明に係る微生物の培養は、ツアペック液体培地、ポ
テト・デキストロース液体培地等の糸状菌用液体培地を
用いた振とう培養あるいは静置培養で容易に行うことが
でき、さらに寒天入りの平板、斜面培地による培養も有
効である。また、ジャーファメンタを用いた培養や土壌
ふすま培養により大量に培養することも可能である。Cultivation of the microorganism according to the present invention can be easily carried out by shaking culture or static culture using a liquid medium for filamentous fungi such as Tuapeck liquid medium, potato dextrose liquid medium, and further, agar-containing flat plate, slope Culturing with a medium is also effective. It is also possible to culture a large amount by culturing using jarfamentor or soil bran culture.
本発明に係る処理方法は、作物の根部または栽培土壌に
対して行われ、その処理形態は、胞子のみならず菌糸を
含む菌糸体、さらに、本微生物の培養濾液、胞子発芽液
も有効である。根部への処理は、胞子あるいは菌糸体懸
濁液、培養濾液、胞子発芽液に根部を浸漬する方法で行
ない、土壌への処理は、灌注あるいは作条施用の方法を
用いる処理時期は、育苗開始時および定植時の両方が望
ましく、さらに、栽培期途中の追加施用は防除効果を持
続させるのに有効である。なお、浸根処理の場合は懸濁
液1ml当り胞子で104個以上、好ましくは106個以上が、
土壌処理の場合は乾土1g当り103個以上、好ましくは105
個以上が効果上好ましい。The treatment method according to the present invention is performed on the root or cultivated soil of a crop, and the treatment form is a mycelium containing mycelia as well as spores, and further, a culture filtrate of the present microorganism and a spore germination solution are also effective. . The roots are treated by immersing the roots in a spore or mycelium suspension, culture filtrate, or spore germination solution, and the soil is treated by irrigation or row application. Both at the time of planting and at the time of planting are desirable, and further application during the growing season is effective for maintaining the control effect. In the case of rooting treatment, 10 4 or more spores per 1 ml of the suspension, preferably 10 6 or more,
For soil treatment, 10 3 or more, preferably 10 5 per 1 g of dry soil
More than one is preferable in terms of effect.
また、本発明に係る防除法と抵抗性品種の利用等の他の
防除法を併用することにより、連作圃場等病原菌密度の
高まった病害激発土壌においても有効となる。In addition, by using the control method according to the present invention in combination with other control methods such as the use of resistant varieties, it is also effective in disease-prone soil where the density of pathogenic bacteria is high, such as continuous cropping fields.
本発明に係る微生物および病害防除方法は、トマトの場
合は萎凋病、根腐萎凋病、半身萎凋病、青枯病、根こぶ
線虫病、複合病等の土壌伝染病をはじめとして疫病、葉
かび病等の空気伝染病の防除にも有効である。また、ナ
スの場合は半枯病、半身萎凋病，青枯病等の病害の防除
に極めて有効で、ジャガイモ、ピーマン、タバコ等の他
のナス科作物においても同様で、類似の病害に対しても
有効である。Microorganisms and disease control method according to the present invention, wilt disease in the case of tomato, root rot wilt, wilt wilt disease, wilt disease, root-knot nematode disease, plague disease including soil infectious diseases such as complex diseases, leaves. It is also effective in controlling airborne diseases such as mold disease. In addition, in the case of eggplant, it is extremely effective in controlling diseases such as half blight, wilt of wilt, and bacterial wilt, and it is the same in other solanaceous crops such as potatoes, bell peppers, tobacco, etc. Is also effective.
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明にかかる新規微生物および
それによる病害防除方法について詳細に説明する。Hereinafter, the novel microorganism according to the present invention and the disease control method using the same will be described in detail with reference to Examples.
本発明に係る微生物は、自然細土壌で生育させたトマト
の根圏から分離して得られたフザリウム属オキシスポル
ム種（Fusarium oxysporum sp.）の新規菌株であり、次
のように特定される。The microorganism of the present invention is a novel strain of Fusarium oxysporum sp. Obtained by separating from the rhizosphere of tomato grown in natural fine soil, and is specified as follows.
フザリウム属菌で、ツアペック寒天培地等の糸状菌用
培地において短担子梗上で小型分生胞子を擬頭状に形成
することからオキシスポルム種と同定される。Fusarium species are identified as Oxysporum species because they form small conidia in a pseudo-capillary form on short basidiomycota in filamentous fungal media such as Tuapeck agar.
トマトをはじめとするナス科作物およびその他の作物
に病原性を示さない。It is not pathogenic to solanaceous crops including tomato and other crops.
ナス科作物の同属同種病原菌と比較し、大型分生胞子
の形成が明らかに多い。（第１図参照） 菌体内可溶性エステラーゼのアイゾザイムパターンが
第２図に示すように、ナス科作物の同属同種病原菌と明
らかに異なる。The formation of large conidia is apparently higher than that of the same family and pathogens of solanaceous crops. (See FIG. 1) As shown in FIG. 2, the azozyme pattern of intracellular soluble esterase is clearly different from that of the same genus and homologous pathogens of solanaceous crops.
なお、菌体内可溶性エステラーゼのアイソザイムパター
ンは、次の方法で分析される。The isozyme pattern of intracellular soluble esterase is analyzed by the following method.
改変ツアペック・ドックス液体培地で27℃下10日間静置
培養して得られた菌糸体を、凍結後0.05Mトリス塩酸緩
衝液とともに磨砕し、10000Gで遠心を行い、その上清を
供試試料とした。供試試料は、蛋白質量を600ugとし、p
H9.4用のポリアクリルアミドゲル（分離用ゲル;7.5％、
濃縮用ゲル;2.5％）を用いて定電流2.5mAで泳動した。
酵素染色は、ベリー アンド フランク（Berry ＆ Fra
nk）の方法［ベリー，ジェイ．エイ．ら（Berry,J.A.et
al）（1973）、アメリカン ジャーナル オブ ボタ
ニー（Am.J.Bot），60,976−986〕に準じてエステラー
ゼ染色を行った。The mycelium obtained by static culture at 27 ° C for 10 days in modified Tuapec-Dox liquid medium was frozen, ground with 0.05M Tris-HCl buffer, centrifuged at 10,000 G, and the supernatant was used as the test sample. And The test sample had a protein mass of 600 ug and p
Polyacrylamide gel for H9.4 (separation gel; 7.5%,
Electrophoresis was carried out at a constant current of 2.5 mA using a concentrating gel (2.5%).
Enzyme stain is based on Berry & Frank (Berry & Fra
nk) method [Berry, Jay. A. Berry, JAet
al) (1973), American Journal of Botany (Am. J. Bot), 60 , 976-986].
実施例１ バーミキュライトで育苗した本葉が第３から４枚期のト
マト苗（品種；ポンデローサ）を実験区当り10個体供試
した。ポテト・デキストロース液体培置で27℃下、６日
間深とう培養することにより得られた胞子を滅菌蒸留下
で107個/mlに希釈調整した本発明に係る微生物の懸濁液
にトマト苗の根を30分間浸漬した後バーミキュライトに
各々仮植した。なお、対照は、滅菌蒸留水に同様の処理
をした後バーミキュライトに仮植したものを用いた。36
時間後、同様の方法で調製した萎凋病菌（フザリュウム
オキシスポルム エフ エスピー ライコペルシチ
レース（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici race）
Ｊ−１）、半身萎凋病菌（ベルティシリュウム ダーリ
アェ（Verticillium dahliae））の各胞子懸濁液107個/
mlに再び30分間浸漬し、育苗床土1000mlに各々定植して
栽培した。30日後に発病状態を観察し、発病の度合を、
本葉の各葉位について階級値として表した。Example 1 Ten tomato seedlings (cultivar: Ponderosa) with 3 to 4 true leaves grown in vermiculite were tested per experimental group. Spores obtained by deep culturing at 27 ° C. for 6 days in a liquid liquid of potato dextrose were diluted and adjusted to 10 7 cells / ml under sterile distillation, and a suspension of the microorganism according to the present invention was used to prepare a tomato seedling. The roots were soaked for 30 minutes and then tentatively planted in vermiculite. As a control, sterilized distilled water was treated in the same manner and then was temporarily planted in vermiculite. 36
After a lapse of time, a wilt disease fungus (Fusalum oxysporum F. sp.
Race (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici race)
J-1), each spore suspension of the wilt fungus (Verticillium dahliae) 10 7 /
It was soaked again in 30 ml for 30 minutes, and planted and cultivated in 1000 ml of nursery bed soil. After 30 days, observe the disease state and check the degree of disease
Each leaf position of the true leaves was expressed as a class value.
0;無発病 1;葉の一部分発病（黄化，萎凋） 2;葉の1/2程度発病 3;葉の大部分発病または落葉 と定め、固体ごとの発病指数を次式により計算し、平均
発病指数を求めた。さらに、下記の式により本菌株を浸
根処理することによる防除率を対照区の平均発病指数に
対して算出した。0: No disease 1; Leaf partial disease (yellowing, wilting) 2; Leaf half disease 3; Most leaf disease or fallen leaves, and calculate the disease index for each individual by the following formula, and average The disease index was calculated. Furthermore, the control rate by root-infiltrating this strain was calculated by the following formula with respect to the average disease index of the control group.
結果は第１表に示すとおり、本発明に係る微生物の胞子
懸濁液をトマトの根に処理することにより、萎凋病、半
身萎凋病の発病指数が対照区と比べて著しく減少し、極
めて高い防除率が認められた。 The results are shown in Table 1, by treating the roots of tomatoes with the spore suspension of the microorganism of the present invention, the disease index of wilt disease and wilt disease of the body is remarkably reduced as compared with the control group, and is extremely high. A control rate was recognized.
実施例２ 実施例１と同様の方法で調製した本発明に係る微生物の
胞子が105個/g生存している育苗床上100mlにトマト種子
（品種；ポンデローサ）を各々播種、育苗し、実験区当
り10個体を供試した。なお、対照は、無菌の育苗床土で
同様に育苗をしたものを用い、本葉が第４から５枚期に
育苗床土1000mlに各々定植した後、実施例１と同様の方
法で調製した萎凋病菌（フザリュウム オキシスポルム
エフ エスピー ライコペルシチ レース（Fusarium
oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici race）Ｊ−１）、根腐
萎凋病菌（フザリュウム オキシスポルム エス エス
ピー ライコペルシチ レース（Fusarium oxysporum
f.sp. lycopersici race）Ｊ−３）、半身萎凋病菌（ベ
ルティシリュウム ダーリアェ（Verticillium dahlia
e））の各胞子懸濁液10mlを各株基に灌注接種して栽培
した。50日後に発病状態を観察し、実施例１と同様に平
均発病指数を求め、さらに、処理区の対照区に対する防
除率を算出した。Example 2 Tomato seeds (cultivar: Ponderosa) were sown and seeded in 100 ml on a nursery bed in which 10 5 spores of the microorganism of the present invention were prepared by the same method as in Example 1 and survived. Ten individuals were tested. The control was prepared by the same method as in Example 1 after seedlings were similarly planted with aseptic nursery soil, and the true leaves were planted in 1000 ml of nursery nursery soil at the 4th to 5th stage, respectively. Fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum FSP
oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici race) J-1), root rot wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum sp.
f.sp. lycopersici race) J-3), wilt fungus (Verticillium dahlia)
10 ml of each spore suspension of e)) was irrigated and inoculated into each strain base to grow. 50 days later, the disease state was observed, the average disease index was determined in the same manner as in Example 1, and the control rate of the treated group to the control group was calculated.
結果は第２表に示すとおり、本発明に係る微生物を含む
育苗床土で育苗したトマト苗は、萎凋病、根腐萎凋病、
半身萎凋病の発病指数がいずれも対照区と比べて著しく
減少し、高い防除効果が認められた。 As shown in Table 2, the tomato seedlings raised in the nursery bed soil containing the microorganism of the present invention showed wilt disease, root rot wilt disease,
The onset index of hemitrophic wilt was markedly reduced compared to the control group, and a high control effect was observed.
実施例３ 実施例２と同様にトマト苗（品種；レッド・チェリー）
を育苗し、根こぶ線虫病（病原線虫；メロイドジーネ
インコグニータ（Meloidogyne incognita）激発土壌10
00mlに各々定植して栽培した。複合病の場合は、定植時
に実施例１と同様の方法で調製した萎凋病菌（フザリュ
ウム オキシスポルム エフ エスピー ライコペルシ
チ レース（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici r
ace）Ｊ−１）の胞子懸濁液10mlを各株基に灌注接種し
た。50日後に発病状態を観察し、実施例１と同様に平均
発病指数を求め、さらに、処理区の対照区に対する防除
率を算出した。Example 3 Tomato seedlings (variety: red cherry) as in Example 2
Raised seedlings and root-knot nematode disease (pathogenic nematode; meloidine
Incognita (Meloidogyne incognita) Soil 10
Each planted in 00 ml and cultivated. In the case of a complex disease, a wilt disease fungus (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici r was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 at the time of planting.
10 ml of spore suspension of ace) J-1) was irrigated and inoculated into each strain base. 50 days later, the disease state was observed, the average disease index was determined in the same manner as in Example 1, and the control rate of the treated group to the control group was calculated.
結果は第３表に示すとおり、本発明に係る微生物はトマ
ト根こぶ線虫病、複合病に対して極めて高い防除率が認
められた。 As shown in Table 3, the microorganism according to the present invention showed a very high control rate against root-knot nematode disease of tomato and complex diseases.
実施例４ 実施例２と同様の方法で調製して得た本発明に係る微生
物の胞子を含む育苗床土500mlにトマト種子（品種；ポ
ンデローサ）を各々播種、育苗し、実験区当り10個体を
供試した。ジゃガイモの生切片を培地として17℃下、５
日間培養して得られた萎凋病菌（フィトフトーラ イン
フェスタンス（Phytophthora infestans））の卵胞子嚢
を滅菌蒸留水で105個/mlに希釈調整した懸濁液を、本葉
が第７から８枚期にトマト苗の葉面に散布接種した。７
日後に発病状態を観察し、発病の程度は、個体ごとの病
斑数を数え、平均病斑数を求めた。さらに、下記の式に
より処理区の対照区に対する防除率を算出した。Example 4 Tomato seeds (variety: Ponderosa) were sown and seeded on 500 ml of nursery bed soil containing the spores of the microorganism of the present invention prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, and 10 seeds per experimental section were obtained. I tried it. 5 min at 17 ℃ using live slices of potato
A suspension prepared by diluting sporangia of wilt disease fungus (Phytophthora infestans) with sterile distilled water to 10 5 cells / ml was used for the 7th to 8th leaves Was spray-inoculated on the leaves of tomato seedlings. 7
The disease state was observed after a day, and the degree of disease was determined by counting the number of lesions for each individual and determining the average number of lesions. Furthermore, the control ratio of the treated plot to the control plot was calculated by the following formula.
結果は第４表に示すとおり、本発明に係る微生物はトマ
ト疫病の病斑数を減少し、その防除に有効であることが
認められた。 As a result, as shown in Table 4, it was confirmed that the microorganism according to the present invention reduced the number of lesions of tomato late blight and was effective in controlling them.
実施例５ バーミキュライトで育苗した本葉第３から４枚期のトマ
ト苗（品種；ポンデローサ）を実験区当り10個体供試し
た。ツアペック液体培地で27℃下、６日間振とう培養し
た後無菌濾過することにより得られた本発明に係る微生
物の培養濾液、あるいは該微生物の胞子を107個/ml含む
ツアペック液体培地を27℃下、12時間振とう培養して胞
子を発芽させた後無菌濾過することにより得られた胞子
発芽液に根を30分間浸漬した後バーミキュライトに各々
仮植した。なお、対照は、滅菌蒸留水に同様の処理をし
た後バーミキュライトに仮植したものを用いた。36時間
後、実施例１と同様の方法で調製した萎凋病菌（フザリ
ュウム オキシスポルム エフ エスピー ライコペル
シチレース（Fsarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici ra
ce）Ｊ−１）の胞子懸濁液に根を再び30分間浸漬し、育
苗床土1000mlに各々定植して栽培した。20日後に発病状
態を観察し、実施例１と同様に平均発病指数を求め、さ
らに、処理区の対照区に対する防除率を算出した。Example 5 Ten tomato seedlings (cultivar: Ponderosa) of the third to fourth true leaves grown in vermiculite were tested per experimental group. A culture filtrate of the microorganism of the present invention obtained by culturing with shaking in a Tuapeque liquid medium at 27 ° C for 6 days and then aseptically filtering, or a Tuapeque liquid medium containing 10 7 / ml of spores of the microorganism at 27 ° C. The roots were immersed for 30 minutes in a spore germination solution obtained by sterilizing the spores by shaking culture for 12 hours and then sterile-filtering, and then temporarily transplanted to vermiculite. As a control, sterilized distilled water was treated in the same manner and then was temporarily planted in vermiculite. 36 hours later, the wilt disease fungus (Fsarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici ra prepared by the same method as in Example 1)
The roots were immersed again in the spore suspension of ce) J-1) for 30 minutes, and then planted and cultivated in 1000 ml of nursery bed soil. After 20 days, the disease state was observed, the average disease index was determined in the same manner as in Example 1, and the control rate of the treated group to the control group was calculated.
結果は第５表に示すとおり、本発明に係る微生物の培養
濾液、胞子発芽液をトマト根に処理することにより、萎
凋病の発病指数が対照区と比べて減少し、高い防除率が
得られた。 The results are shown in Table 5, by treating the tomato root with the culture filtrate of the microorganism of the present invention and the spore germination solution, the disease index of wilt disease was reduced as compared with the control group, and a high control rate was obtained. It was
実施例６ バーミキュライトで育苗した本葉が第３から４枚期のナ
ス苗（品種；千両２号）を実験区当り10個体供試した。
実施例１と同様の方法で調整して得た本発明に係る微生
物の胞子懸濁液に根を30分間浸漬した後バーミキュライ
トに各々仮植した。なお、対照は、滅菌蒸留水に同様の
所をした後バーミキュライトに仮植したものを用いた。
36時間後、実施例１と同様の方法で調製した半枯病菌
（フザリュウム オキシスポルム エフ エスピー メ
ロンゲナェ（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.melongena
e））、半身萎凋病菌（ベルティシリュウム ダーリア
ェ（Verticillium dahliae））の各胞子懸濁液に根を再
び30分間浸漬し、育苗床土1000mlに各々定植して栽培し
た。30日後に発病状態を観察し、実施例１と同様に平均
発病指数を求め、さらに、処理区の対照区に対する防除
率を算出した。Example 6 Ten eggplant seedlings (cultivar: Senryo No. 2) having 3 to 4 true leaves grown in vermiculite were tested per experimental group.
The roots were dipped in a spore suspension of the microorganism of the present invention prepared by the same method as in Example 1 for 30 minutes, and then temporarily planted in vermiculite. As a control, sterilized distilled water was used in the same manner, and then vermiculite was temporarily transplanted.
After 36 hours, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.melongena prepared by the same method as in Example 1 was used.
e)), the roots were immersed again in each spore suspension of the wilt disease-causing fungus (Verticillium dahliae) for 30 minutes, and planted and cultivated in 1000 ml of nursery bed soil. After 30 days, the disease state was observed, the average disease index was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, and the control rate of the treated group to the control group was calculated.
結果は第６表に示すとおり、本発明に係る微生物の胞子
懸濁液をナスの根に処理することにより、半枯病、半身
萎凋病の発病指数が対照区と比べて著しく減少し、極め
て高い防除率が得られた。The results are shown in Table 6, by treating the eggplant roots with the spore suspension of the microorganism according to the present invention, the onset index of half blight and half body wilt was significantly reduced as compared with the control group, and A high control rate was obtained.
実施例７ 実施例２と同様の方法で調製して得られた本発明に係る
微生物を含む育苗床土100mlにナス種子（品種；千両２
号）を各々播種、育苗し、実験区当り10個体を供試し
た。なお、対照は、無菌の育苗床土で同様に育苗したも
のを用いた。本葉が第４から５枚期に育苗床土1000mlに
各々定植した後、実施例１と同様の方法で調製した半枯
病菌（フザリュウム オキシスポルム エフ エスピー
メロンゲナェ（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.melongena
e））、半身萎凋病（ベルティシリュウム ダーリアェ
（Verticillium dahliae））の各胞子懸濁液10mlを各株
基に灌注接種して栽培した。50日後に発病状態を観察
し、実施例１と同様に平均発病指数を求め、さらに、処
理区の対照区に対する防除率を算出した。 Example 7 100 ml of nursery bed soil containing the microorganism of the present invention prepared by the same method as in Example 2 was added to eggplant seeds (variety: Senryo 2).
No.) was sown and raised, and 10 individuals were tested per experimental plot. In addition, the control used what was similarly raised by aseptic nursery bed soil. The true leaves were planted in 1000 ml of nursery bed soil at the 4th to 5th seedlings, respectively, and then prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melongena).
e)), 10 ml of each spore suspension of wilt disease (Verticillium dahliae) was irrigated and cultivated in each strain base. 50 days later, the disease state was observed, the average disease index was determined in the same manner as in Example 1, and the control rate of the treated group to the control group was calculated.
結果は第７表に示すとおり、本発明に係る微生物を含む
育苗床土で育苗したナス苗は、半枯病、半身萎凋病の発
病指数がいずれも対照区と比べて著しく減少し、高い防
除効果が認められた。 The results are shown in Table 7, and the eggplant seedlings raised in the nursery bed soil containing the microorganism of the present invention had a significantly reduced disease index of half blight and half body wilt compared to the control group, and had high control. The effect was recognized.
実施例８ 実施例２と同様の方法で調製して得られた本発明に係る
微生物を含む育苗土500mlにトマト種子（品種；ポンデ
ローサ）を各々播種、育苗し、実験区当り５個体を供試
した。なお、対照は、無菌の育苗床土で同様に育苗をし
たものを用いた。本葉が第７から８枚期に萎凋病激発圃
場へ定植した。この際に、同様の方法で調製して得た本
発明に係る微生物を含む育苗床土を栽培土壌の1/10量植
穴に添加した。また、萎凋病激発土壌をクロルピクリン
くん蒸剤で殺菌操作（20/10アール）を行った土壌も
供試した。60日後に発病状態を観察し、実施例１と同様
に平均発病指数を求め、さらに、処理区の対照区に対す
る防除率を算出した。Example 8 Tomato seeds (cultivar: Ponderosa) were sown and seeded on 500 ml of nursery soil containing the microorganism of the present invention prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, and 5 individuals were tested per experimental section. did. In addition, as a control, a seedling raised in the same manner with sterile nursery soil was used. The true leaves were planted in the field where the wilt disease rapidly occurred in the 7th to 8th leaves. At this time, a nursery bed soil containing the microorganism according to the present invention prepared by the same method was added to 1/10 the volume of the cultivation soil. In addition, soil with violent wilt disease was sterilized with chlorpicrin fumigant (20/10 are) and used. After 60 days, the disease state was observed, the average disease index was determined in the same manner as in Example 1, and the control rate of the treated group to the control group was calculated.
結果は第８表に示すように、本発明に係る微生物を育苗
時および定植時に処理することにより、クロルピクリン
くん蒸剤と同等以上の防除効果が得られた。 As shown in Table 8, by controlling the microorganisms of the present invention at the time of raising seedlings and at the time of planting, the control effect equivalent to or higher than that of the chlorpicrin fumigant was obtained.
実施例９ トマト（品種；ポンデローサ）、ナス（品種；千両２
号）、キュウリ（品種；霜知不地這）、イチゴ（品種；
宝交早生）、ダイコン（品種；若駒）の幼苗を実験区当
り５個体供試した。実施例１と同様の方法で調製して得
られた本発明に係る微生物の胞子懸濁液に各根を30分間
浸漬し、育苗床土100mlに各々定植して栽培した。な
お、対照として、実施例１と同様の方法で調製した各作
物に病原性を有するトマト萎凋病菌（フザリュウム オ
キシスポルム エフ エスピー ライコペルシチ レー
ス（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici race）Ｊ
−１）、ナス半枯病菌（フザリュウム オキシスポルム
エフ エスピー メロンゲナェ（Fusarium oxysporum
f.sp.melongenae））、キュウリつる割病菌（フザリュ
ウム オキシスポルム エフ エスピー キュキュメリ
ナム（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum））、イ
チゴ萎黄病菌（フザリュウム オキシスポルム エフ
エスピー フラガリアェ（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.fr
agariae））、ダイコン萎黄病菌（フザリュウム オキ
シスポルム エフ エスピー ラファニ（Fusarium oxy
sporum f.sp.raphani））の胞子懸濁液を同様に処理を
して栽培した。30日後に発病状態を観察し、生育阻害や
葉の黄化、萎凋等の外部病徴で判断した。Example 9 Tomato (variety: Ponderosa), eggplant (variety: thousand cars 2)
No.), cucumber (cultivar; Shimochi-no-chi), strawberry (cultivar;
5 seedlings of daikon (variety; young piece) were tested per experimental section. Each root was immersed in a spore suspension of the microorganism of the present invention prepared by the same method as in Example 1 for 30 minutes, and planted and cultivated in 100 ml of nursery bed soil. As a control, tomato wilt fungus (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici race) J having pathogenicity to each crop prepared by the same method as in Example 1 was used.
-1), Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium oxysporum)
f.sp.melongenae)), cucumber wilt disease fungus (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum)), strawberry yellow rot (Fusarium oxysporum f)
Esparium oxysporum f.sp.fr
agariae)), Japanese radish (Fusarium oxysporum)
sporum f.sp.raphani)) spore suspension was similarly treated and cultivated. After 30 days, the disease state was observed and judged based on external symptoms such as growth inhibition, yellowing of leaves, and wilting.
結果は第９表に示すとおり、本発明に係る微生物はナス
科作物のトマト、ナスをはじめとして主要作物のキュウ
リ、イチゴ、ダイコンに対して何ら病原性を示さなかっ
た。 As shown in Table 9, the microorganism according to the present invention did not show any pathogenicity to the solanaceous crops such as tomato and eggplant as well as to the main crops such as cucumber, strawberry and radish.
〔発明の効果〕 本発明に係る新規微生物および病害防除方法は人畜に対
し安全であり、薬害、公害の恐れもなく、作物生産に対
して有益に働く微生物をも殺生することもなく、さらに
連鎖障害の恐れもなく、ナス科作物の難防除病害の防除
に有効であり、農業生産に有用である。[Effects of the Invention] The novel microorganisms and disease control method according to the present invention are safe for humans and animals, have no fear of phytotoxicity and pollution, and do not kill microorganisms that work beneficially for crop production. It is effective in controlling difficult-to-control diseases of solanaceous crops without fear of damage and is useful for agricultural production.
第１図は、ツアペック寒天培地上で形成した本発明に係
る微生物 フザリウム オキシスポルム（Fusarium oxy
sporum sp.）MT−0062（微工研菌寄第9608号）の大型分
生胞子および小型分生胞子の、第２図は、ツアペック寒
天培地上で形成したトマト萎凋病菌（フザリュウム オ
キシスポルム エフ エスピー ライコペルシチ レー
ス（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici race）Ｊ−
１）の大型分生胞子および小型分生胞子の「生物の形
態」を示す図面に代わる走査型電子顕微鏡による写真で
ある。 第３図は、本発明に係る微生物フザリウム オキシスポ
ルム（Fusarium oxysporum sp.）MT−0062（微工研菌寄
第9608号）およびトマト萎凋病菌（フザリュウム オキ
シスポルム エフ エスピー ライコペルシチ レース
（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici race）Ｊ−
１）、ナス半枯病菌（フザリュウム オキシスポルム
エフ エスピー メロンゲナェ（Fusarium oxysporum
f.sp.melongenae））の菌体内可溶性エステラーゼのア
イソザイムパターンである。FIG. 1 shows the microorganism Fusarium oxysporum according to the present invention formed on Tuapec agar.
Fig. 2 shows large and small conidia of sporum sp.) MT-0062 (Ministry of Industrial Science and Technology, No. 9608). Fig. 2 shows tomato wilt disease fungus (Fusalium oxysporum F. sp. leicopersicum) formed on Tuapeck agar medium. Race (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici race) J-
It is a photograph by a scanning electron microscope as a substitute for a drawing, which shows the "biological morphology" of the large conidia and small conidia of 1). FIG. 3 shows the bacterium Fusarium oxysporum sp. race) J-
1), eggplant half-blight fungus (fusarium oxysporum)
FSP melons (Fusarium oxysporum)
f.sp.melongenae)) intracellular soluble esterase isozyme pattern.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 日本植物病理学会報 第50巻 第１号 （1987）Ｐ．１−９ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Society for Plant Pathology Vol. 50 No. 1 (1987) P. 1-9
Claims (2)
フザリウム オキシスポルム（Fusarium oxysporum s
p.）MT−0062（微工研菌寄第9608号）。1. A novel microorganism Fusarium oxysporum s effective for controlling diseases of solanaceous crops.
p.) MT-0062 (Ministry of Microbiological Research, No. 9608).
シスポルム（Fusarium oxysporum sp.）MT−0062（微工
研菌寄第9608号）を植物根または土壌に処理することを
特徴とするナス科作物病害の防除方法。2. A pathogenic plant disease characterized by treating a plant root or soil with a novel non-pathogenic microorganism Fusarium oxysporum sp. MT-0062 (Ministry of Industrial Science and Technology No. 9608). Control method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62244948A JPH0796485B2 (en) | 1987-09-29 | 1987-09-29 | Disease control microorganisms of solanaceous crops and disease control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62244948A JPH0796485B2 (en) | 1987-09-29 | 1987-09-29 | Disease control microorganisms of solanaceous crops and disease control method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6490107A JPS6490107A (en) | 1989-04-06 |
| JPH0796485B2 true JPH0796485B2 (en) | 1995-10-18 |
Family
ID=17126344
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62244948A Expired - Lifetime JPH0796485B2 (en) | 1987-09-29 | 1987-09-29 | Disease control microorganisms of solanaceous crops and disease control method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0796485B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07110802B2 (en) * | 1987-12-23 | 1995-11-29 | 三井東圧化学株式会社 | Disease control microorganisms and disease control methods for solanaceous crops |
| JP2572631B2 (en) * | 1988-05-26 | 1997-01-16 | 群馬県 | Control bacterium for plant disease and method for controlling plant disease by using the bacterium |
| JPH04327510A (en) * | 1991-04-30 | 1992-11-17 | Wakunaga Pharmaceut Co Ltd | Mycotic infection inhibitor for garlic |
| JP2578302B2 (en) * | 1992-12-25 | 1997-02-05 | 日本たばこ産業株式会社 | Novel microorganism, soil disease controlling agent containing the microorganism, and soil disease controlling method using the same |
| JP4415246B2 (en) | 2003-08-25 | 2010-02-17 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel vapor leak inspection module |
| JP4164866B2 (en) | 2003-08-25 | 2008-10-15 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel vapor leak inspection module |
| JP5168687B2 (en) * | 2007-12-25 | 2013-03-21 | 独立行政法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 | How to protect against plant diseases caused by root-knot nematodes |
-
1987
- 1987-09-29 JP JP62244948A patent/JPH0796485B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 日本植物病理学会報第５０巻第１号（１９８７）Ｐ．１−９ |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6490107A (en) | 1989-04-06 |
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