JPH0794328B2 - Glass preform for optical element and method for manufacturing optical element - Google Patents
Glass preform for optical element and method for manufacturing optical elementInfo
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- JPH0794328B2 JPH0794328B2 JP31350690A JP31350690A JPH0794328B2 JP H0794328 B2 JPH0794328 B2 JP H0794328B2 JP 31350690 A JP31350690 A JP 31350690A JP 31350690 A JP31350690 A JP 31350690A JP H0794328 B2 JPH0794328 B2 JP H0794328B2
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- optical element
- glass preform
- molding
- mold
- glass
- Prior art date
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、光学機器等における光学素子に使用される光
学素子用ガラスプリフォームと光学素子の製造方法に関
するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a glass preform for an optical element used for an optical element in an optical device and the like, and a method for manufacturing the optical element.
従来の技術 近年、レンズ、プリズム等の光学素子はガラスなどの光
学素子用材料を研磨で製造する変わりに、金型内の光学
素子用材料を投入し加熱加圧することによって成形する
方法が数多く提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, many optical elements such as lenses and prisms have been proposed in which the optical element material such as glass is manufactured by polishing, instead of manufacturing the optical element material such as glass by polishing. Has been done.
研磨法に変わる成形方法については、例えば特開昭60−
246231号公報に記載のものがある。以下、図面を参照し
ながら成形法について第３図〜第５図を用いて説明す
る。As for the molding method instead of the polishing method, for example, JP-A-60-
There is one described in Japanese Patent No. 246231. The molding method will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.
一般にプレス成形によって光学素子を製造する場合、光
学素子用材料を所定の大きさに切断しガラス軟化点付近
まで予備加熱し、この加熱された光学素子用材料を型閉
めしたとき、レンズの完成品とほぼ同一形状となるよう
に加工された上型と下型の上下型の間に供給し、所定の
温度で加圧成形を行なっている。Generally, when an optical element is manufactured by press molding, the material for the optical element is cut into a predetermined size, preheated to near the glass softening point, and the heated material for the optical element is closed. It is supplied between the upper and lower dies, which are processed to have substantially the same shape as the above, and pressure molding is performed at a predetermined temperature.
光学素子用材料１の形状は、できるかぎり簡単な形状が
製造工程あるいは材料の加工コストの面でも望ましく、
例えば第４図に示されるようなセンタレス加工で所定の
硝材外径に加工した棒材を所定の幅で切断した円柱体の
ものがある。The shape of the optical element material 1 is preferably as simple as possible from the viewpoint of manufacturing process or material processing cost.
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, there is a cylindrical body obtained by cutting a bar material, which has been processed into a predetermined glass material outer diameter by centerless processing, into a predetermined width.
しかしこの用な材料を用いて成形すると、第５図示す材
料の角部６が先に変形し上型２と下型３と接触する部分
がなじんでしまい、密閉空間７ができる。However, when the material for this purpose is used for molding, the corner portion 6 of the material shown in FIG. 5 is deformed first, and the portions in contact with the upper die 2 and the lower die 3 become familiar, and a closed space 7 is formed.
一旦密閉空間ができると成形完了時まで密閉空間が存在
し、金型の加工面が素材に十分転写される不良レンズと
なる。Once a closed space is created, the closed space exists until the completion of molding, and the processed surface of the mold becomes a defective lens that is sufficiently transferred to the material.
こういった未転写不良を防止する従来の方法について第
３図を用いて説明する。A conventional method for preventing such untransferred defects will be described with reference to FIG.
下型３は連続棒3aを介してベース3bに固定されており、
上型２は連結棒2aを介してピストン棒2bに取り付けられ
ている。The lower die 3 is fixed to the base 3b via the continuous rod 3a,
The upper die 2 is attached to the piston rod 2b via the connecting rod 2a.
材料１は加熱ヒータ８より成形温度まで加熱される。所
望の成形温度に達した時点で上型２がピストン９によっ
て加工し、材料と接触する。The material 1 is heated by the heater 8 to the molding temperature. When the desired molding temperature is reached, the upper mold 2 is processed by the piston 9 and comes into contact with the material.
その後、上型が上下に振動加圧するが、例えばサーボパ
ルサ10を使ってこれを実行する。振動加圧は例えば全加
圧ストローク９割まで行い、残りの１割を定常加圧で成
形する。全加工ストロークに達したところで通電をや
め、所望の温度に降温したところで型を開き冷却後レン
ズを取り出す。After that, the upper mold vibrates and presses up and down, and this is executed by using, for example, the servo pulser 10. For example, vibration pressurization is performed up to 90% of the total pressurization stroke, and the remaining 10% is molded by steady pressurization. When the entire processing stroke is reached, the power supply is stopped, and when the temperature is lowered to the desired temperature, the mold is opened and the lens is taken out after cooling.
発明が解決しようとする課題 しかしこの様な光学素子用材料を用いて成形するとき、
金型内に光学素子用材料を投入する際に、金型と接触す
るエッジ部分にクラックが入ったり、割れたりするとい
った現象が発生する。Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, when molding using such a material for an optical element,
When the material for an optical element is put into the mold, a phenomenon occurs in which an edge portion contacting the mold is cracked or broken.
こういった状態で成形すると、破損した材料が金型を傷
つけたり、成形された光学素子の表面に破損した材料が
残ったままであったり、形状精度不良となることが多
い。When molding is performed in such a state, the damaged material often damages the mold, the damaged material remains on the surface of the molded optical element, or the shape accuracy is often poor.
又、光学素子用材料の側面はセンタレス加工面であるた
め表面粗さが大きく、光学素子の光学有効面の一部分の
表面粗さが悪くなるために透過率が劣化するといった課
題があった。Further, since the side surface of the optical element material is a centerless processed surface, the surface roughness is large, and the surface roughness of a part of the optically effective surface of the optical element is deteriorated, so that the transmittance is deteriorated.
課題を解決するための手段 上記課題を解決するために、本発明は、光学素子用ガラ
ス材料を予備加熱することにより、その角部を熱加工処
理して表面張力によって丸みを持たせるとともに、その
側面も鏡面に変化させて光学素子用プリフォームとな
す。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention, by preheating the glass material for an optical element, while having a roundness by surface tension by heat processing treatment of its corners, The side surface is also changed to a mirror surface to form an optical element preform.
そして、このプリフォームを上型と下型の間に投入して
行なう光学素子の成形工程においては、その成形工程の
途中において、成形圧力を１回以上減圧するかあるいは
零にするものである。Then, in the molding process of the optical element which is performed by inserting the preform between the upper mold and the lower mold, the molding pressure is reduced once or more to zero during the molding process.
作 用 上記手段によって得た光学素子用ガラスプリフォームで
は、角部には丸みが形成されているために、成形金型に
はこのプリフォームを投入した際にも成形金型と接する
部分は面接触となるためにチッピングを起こしたり割れ
たりすることなく成形できる。The glass preform for optical elements obtained by the above means has rounded corners, and therefore, even when the preform is put into the molding die, the portion in contact with the molding die is a surface. Because of the contact, molding can be performed without causing chipping or cracking.
また、成形時に、上記の様に成形圧力を減圧にすること
により、成形型とガラスプリフォームとので形成される
密閉空間中の空気は排除されて、型の転写面はガラスプ
リフォームに密着することができ、良好な成形を行なう
ことが可能となる。Further, during molding, by reducing the molding pressure as described above, the air in the closed space formed by the molding die and the glass preform is eliminated, and the transfer surface of the mold adheres to the glass preform. Therefore, it becomes possible to perform good molding.
実施例 以下、本発明を実施例に基づき説明する。Examples Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on Examples.
第１図は、本発明の成形方法に係る成形装置の要部断面
図であり、上型11と下型12の軸ずれをなくし、かつ所定
の光学素子の厚みになるように任意の高さに調整した胴
型14を具備している。そして、前記上下型11、12と胴型
14で囲まれる空間にはガラスプリフォーム13が供給され
ている。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a molding apparatus according to the molding method of the present invention, in which the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 are prevented from axial misalignment, and an arbitrary height is obtained so as to obtain a predetermined optical element thickness. It is equipped with a body mold 14 adjusted to. And the upper and lower molds 11 and 12 and the body mold
A glass preform 13 is supplied to the space surrounded by 14.
ガラスプリフォームは第２図に示すような円柱体であ
り、側面はセンタレス加工により表面粗さ10μｍ程度と
なっている。The glass preform is a cylindrical body as shown in FIG. 2, and the side surface has a surface roughness of about 10 μm by centerless processing.
両端面は鏡面に研磨加工され、さらに両端面の角部Ａは
電気炉において所定の温度と時間で熱加工処理し所望の
Ｒに熱加工されている。Both end faces are mirror-finished, and the corner portions A of both end faces are heat-treated at a predetermined temperature and time in an electric furnace to be heat-treated into a desired R.
さらにこの熱加工によってガラスプリフォームの側面は
鏡面となされる。Further, the side surface of the glass preform becomes a mirror surface by this heat processing.
本実施例ではSF8硝材を使用し、500℃の温度で30分加熱
することでR0.1mmが得られた。In this example, SF8 glass material was used, and R0.1 mm was obtained by heating at a temperature of 500 ° C. for 30 minutes.
角部ＡのＲの大きさは0.05mm未満であると金型にガラス
プリフォームを投入した際や上金型をガラスプリフォー
ムに接触させた際にチッピングを起こす可能性があり、
角部Ｒは0.05mm以上が良い。If the R of the corner A is less than 0.05 mm, chipping may occur when the glass preform is put into the mold or when the upper mold is brought into contact with the glass preform.
The corner radius R is preferably 0.05 mm or more.
又Ｒを1mm以上の大きな寸法にしようとすると、熱加工
時間が非常に長くなるため量産性に乏しい。Also, if R is made to have a large dimension of 1 mm or more, the heat processing time becomes very long, and mass productivity is poor.
従ってガラスプリフォームの端面の中央部は平面部が残
っている。Therefore, the flat portion remains in the central portion of the end surface of the glass preform.
このガラスプリフォームを両端面が上下金型の転写面11
a,12aに接するように型内に供給する。15は加熱源を内
蔵した加圧ステージであり、図示していないが例えば油
圧ポンプなどによる加圧力が印加される。Transfer both sides of this glass preform to the upper and lower molds 11
Supply into the mold so as to contact with a and 12a. Reference numeral 15 denotes a pressurizing stage having a built-in heating source, which is not shown in the drawing, but a pressing force is applied by, for example, a hydraulic pump.
又加圧ステージは成形途中に任意の圧力に減圧あるいは
零にできるようになっている。Further, the pressure stage can be depressurized or reduced to zero during the molding.
16は加熱源を内蔵した成形ステージであり、固定されて
いる。Reference numeral 16 is a molding stage having a built-in heating source, which is fixed.
以上のように構成された成形装置を用いてガラスプリフ
ォームを成形する方法を説明する。A method of molding a glass preform using the molding apparatus configured as described above will be described.
ガラスプリフォームは直径6mmφ×長さ6mmの光学ガラス
SF8の円柱体であり、両端面の角部は上記の如くR0.1mm
であり側面は鏡面である。又端面の中央部は平面部が残
っている。The glass preform is an optical glass with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 6 mm.
It is a SF8 cylinder, and the corners on both end surfaces are R0.1 mm as described above.
And the side surface is a mirror surface. Further, the flat portion remains in the central portion of the end face.
このガラスプリフォームを下型12の転写面12aに立て置
きに投入し、その後上型11を胴型14に合わせて挿入しガ
ラスプリフォームに接触させる。This glass preform is placed vertically on the transfer surface 12a of the lower mold 12, and then the upper mold 11 is inserted in alignment with the barrel mold 14 and brought into contact with the glass preform.
このとき金型転写面11a,12aとガラスプリフォーム端面
で囲まれる空間11b,12bができる。At this time, spaces 11b and 12b surrounded by the mold transfer surfaces 11a and 12a and the end surface of the glass preform are formed.
その後、加熱源に通電してガラスプリフォームの温度を
530℃に加熱する。530℃に達してからしばらくして、ガ
ラスプリフォームの粘度は1010ポアズとなっている。After that, energize the heating source to increase the temperature of the glass preform.
Heat to 530 ° C. Shortly after reaching 530 ° C, the viscosity of the glass preform has reached 10 10 poise.
次に加圧ステージに圧力が供給され、上型11がガラスプ
リフォームを押圧し始める。この時の圧力は2Kg/mm2以
上が望ましい。Next, pressure is supplied to the pressure stage, and the upper mold 11 starts to press the glass preform. The pressure at this time is preferably 2 Kg / mm 2 or more.
上型ツバ部11cと胴型14の端面が接するまでの全加圧ス
トローク5mmのうち2.5mmまで押圧したところで一旦圧力
供給を停止し、加圧ステージを上昇させ上金型11と離
し、上金型11に印加される圧力を零にする。このときガ
ラスプリフォームの粘度は109ポアズとなっている。When 2.5 mm of the total pressure stroke of 5 mm until the upper mold flange 11c and the end surface of the body mold 14 come into contact with each other, the pressure supply is stopped once, the pressure stage is raised and the upper mold 11 is separated, and the upper mold is The pressure applied to the mold 11 is made zero. At this time, the viscosity of the glass preform is 10 9 poise.
又このとき正圧になっていた金型転写面11a,12aとガラ
スプリフォーム端面で囲まれる空間11b,12bは常圧に戻
る。Further, at this time, the spaces 11b and 12b surrounded by the mold transfer surfaces 11a and 12a and the glass preform end surface, which are positive pressure, return to normal pressure.
次に再び加圧ステージ15を上金型11に密着させた後加圧
を開始し、全加圧ストローク5mmまで成形する。Next, the pressing stage 15 is brought into close contact with the upper mold 11 again, and then pressurization is started to form a total pressurization stroke of 5 mm.
この時空間11b,12bは完全になくなっており、金型転写
面の形状がガラスプリフォームに十分に転写されてい
る。At this time, the spaces 11b and 12b are completely removed, and the shape of the mold transfer surface is sufficiently transferred to the glass preform.
その後通電を停止し加圧した状態で430℃まで加圧冷却
し、その後圧力を零にする。そして室温になったところ
で型開きを行い光学素子を取り出す。After that, stop energizing and pressurize and cool to 430 ° C in the pressurized state, and then reduce the pressure to zero. Then, at room temperature, the mold is opened and the optical element is taken out.
本実施例では、成形途中において圧力を零にしたが、光
学素子の材料の種類と大きさによっては減圧するだけで
常圧に戻るので、減圧するだけでもよい。In the present embodiment, the pressure was set to zero during molding, but depending on the type and size of the material of the optical element, the pressure may be reduced to normal pressure, and thus the pressure may be reduced.
ガラスプリフォームをつくる熱加工の条件は、成形素子
用材料の種類によって適宜変える必要がある。The conditions of thermal processing for producing the glass preform need to be appropriately changed depending on the type of material for the molding element.
又、光学素子用材料の端面は鏡面が必要であり、研磨面
と同等の表面粗さを持つ割断面を利用しても良い。本実
施例では円柱状の光学素子用材料を使用したが、直方体
や立方体等の加工し易い形状のものを使用しても良い。Further, the end surface of the optical element material needs to be a mirror surface, and a split surface having the same surface roughness as the polished surface may be used. Although a cylindrical optical element material is used in the present embodiment, a shape such as a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube that is easy to process may be used.
発明の効果 以上、本発明によれば、金型内にガラスプリフォームを
投入した際に金型と面接触するために角部でチッピング
を起こしたり割れたりすることがない。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the present invention, when the glass preform is put into the mold, the surface contact with the mold does not cause chipping or cracking at the corners.
また面接触であるために、角部がエッジのある場合に比
べて熱の伝わり方が良くなり、加圧成形可能な状態にな
るまでの時間を短縮できる。又、ガラスプリフォーム内
の温度分布をほとんどなくなるために、冷却時のガラス
の収縮も均一になり光学素子の形状精度も良くなる。更
に本発明のガラスプリフォームは側面が鏡面であるため
に得られる光学素子の透過率も良好となる。Further, because of the surface contact, the heat is transmitted in a better manner as compared with the case where the corner portion has the edge, and the time required for the press-moldable state can be shortened. Moreover, since the temperature distribution in the glass preform is almost eliminated, the shrinkage of the glass during cooling is uniform and the shape accuracy of the optical element is improved. Further, since the glass preform of the present invention has a mirror-finished side surface, the optical element obtained has a good transmittance.
また、金型転写面とガラスプリフォーム端面で囲まれる
空間がなくなり、金型形状がガラスプリフォームに良く
転写され、光学性能の良い光学素子が得られる。Further, the space surrounded by the die transfer surface and the end surface of the glass preform disappears, the die shape is well transferred to the glass preform, and an optical element having good optical performance can be obtained.
第１図は本発明の成形方法を具現化した成形装置の要部
断面図、第２図は本発明の光学素子用ガラスプリフォー
ムの外観図、第３図は従来の成形装置の構成図、第４図
は従来の光学素子用材料の外観図、第５図は従来の成形
方法を示す断面図である。 １……光学素子用材料、２……上型、３……下型、６…
…材料の角部、７……密閉空間、８……加熱ヒータ、９
……ピストン、10……サーボパルサ、11……上型、11a
……金型転写面、11b……空間、12……下型、12a……金
型転写面、12b……空間、13……ガラスプリフォーム、1
4……胴型、15……加圧ステージ、16……成形ステー
ジ。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a molding apparatus that embodies the molding method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an external view of a glass preform for an optical element of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional molding apparatus, FIG. 4 is an external view of a conventional optical element material, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a conventional molding method. 1 ... Material for optical element, 2 ... Upper mold, 3 ... Lower mold, 6 ...
… Corner of material, 7 …… closed space, 8 …… heater, 9
...... Piston, 10 ...... Servo pulser, 11 ...... Upper mold, 11a
…… Mold transfer surface, 11b …… Space, 12 …… Lower mold, 12a …… Mold transfer surface, 12b …… Space, 13 …… Glass preform, 1
4 …… Body type, 15 …… Pressure stage, 16 …… Molding stage.
Claims (6)
用ガラスプリフォームであって、前記光学素子用ガラス
プリフォームは、光学素子用材料を熱加工処理によって
角部に丸みをもたせると共に側面を鏡面になしたもので
あることを特徴とする光学素子用ガラスプリフォーム。1. A glass preform for an optical element for obtaining an optical element by pressure molding, wherein the glass preform for an optical element has a corner portion rounded by a heat processing of an optical element material. A glass preform for optical elements, which has a mirror-finished side surface.
有する円柱状ガラス材料であることを特徴とする請求項
１記載の光学素子用ガラスプリフォーム。2. The glass preform for an optical element according to claim 1, wherein the material for the optical element is a cylindrical glass material having a cut surface or a split cross section.
央部に平面部があることを特徴とする請求項１記載の光
学素子用ガラスプリフォーム。3. The glass preform for an optical element according to claim 1, wherein the glass preform for an optical element has a flat portion at a central portion of an end face thereof.
であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の光学素子用ガラ
スプリフォーム。4. The glass preform for an optical element according to claim 1, wherein the material for the optical element is a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube.
ことにより角部のＲが0.05mm以上となされたことを特徴
とする請求項１記載の光学素子用ガラスプリフォーム。5. The glass preform for an optical element according to claim 1, wherein the R of the corner is made to be 0.05 mm or more by rounding the corner by heat processing.
に、請求項１から請求項５のいずれかに記載の光学素子
用ガラスプリフォームを投入し、その後、前記光学素子
用ガラスプリフォームを成形する成形工程において、成
形圧力を１回以上減圧するかあるいは零にすることを特
徴とする光学素子の製造方法。6. The glass preform for an optical element according to claim 1, which is placed between an upper mold and a lower mold for molding an optical element, and then, for the optical element. A method of manufacturing an optical element, characterized in that, in a molding step of molding a glass preform, the molding pressure is reduced once or more or is made zero.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31350690A JPH0794328B2 (en) | 1990-11-19 | 1990-11-19 | Glass preform for optical element and method for manufacturing optical element |
| US07/712,710 US5160361A (en) | 1990-06-13 | 1991-06-10 | Method of manufacturing optical element |
| EP91109568A EP0463463B1 (en) | 1990-06-13 | 1991-06-11 | Method of manufacturing optical element |
| DE69113327T DE69113327T2 (en) | 1990-06-13 | 1991-06-11 | Process for the production of optical elements. |
| KR1019910009707A KR930006320B1 (en) | 1990-06-13 | 1991-06-13 | Production of material for forming optical element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31350690A JPH0794328B2 (en) | 1990-11-19 | 1990-11-19 | Glass preform for optical element and method for manufacturing optical element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04187528A JPH04187528A (en) | 1992-07-06 |
| JPH0794328B2 true JPH0794328B2 (en) | 1995-10-11 |
Family
ID=18042131
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31350690A Expired - Fee Related JPH0794328B2 (en) | 1990-06-13 | 1990-11-19 | Glass preform for optical element and method for manufacturing optical element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0794328B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5927637B1 (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-06-01 | Hoya株式会社 | Glass material for press molding, method for producing glass material for press molding, and method for producing optical element |
-
1990
- 1990-11-19 JP JP31350690A patent/JPH0794328B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04187528A (en) | 1992-07-06 |
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