JPH0780702A - Vibration damping method in cutting work - Google Patents
Vibration damping method in cutting workInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0780702A JPH0780702A JP22981393A JP22981393A JPH0780702A JP H0780702 A JPH0780702 A JP H0780702A JP 22981393 A JP22981393 A JP 22981393A JP 22981393 A JP22981393 A JP 22981393A JP H0780702 A JPH0780702 A JP H0780702A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- cutting
- vibration damping
- force
- cutting tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はワークの切削中に生じる
切削工具のびびり振動を抑制するのに好適な切削加工に
おける制振方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vibration control method for cutting which is suitable for suppressing chatter vibration of a cutting tool during cutting of a work.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】切削加工における工具のびびり振動は、
近年、改良が進んだ高能率、高精度な工作機械の機能を
大きく損ねる一因となる。たとえば、これはワークに不
用意に切込みをかけ過ぎてしまったとき、切削中に材料
の硬い部分に切れ刃が当ってしまったときの衝撃荷重、
その他の外部からの力の作用等から起こり、たとえば、
加工精度を大きく損ねてしまい、切削工具の固有振動数
と一致したとき、工具自信も損傷してしまうなどの不具
合が発生する。Chatter vibration of a tool during cutting is
In recent years, this is one of the causes of significantly impairing the functions of highly efficient and highly accurate machine tools that have been improved. For example, this is the impact load when the cutting edge is inadvertently overcut into the work, the cutting edge hits the hard part of the material during cutting,
It occurs due to the action of other external forces, for example,
Machining accuracy is greatly impaired, and when it matches the natural frequency of the cutting tool, the tool confidence will be damaged, and other problems will occur.
【0003】こうした工具のびびり振動を抑えるために
用いられる従来技術の一例に、たとえば図5に示すよう
なものがある。切削工具1は刃物台2に固定されてお
り、ある重さのあるウエイト3がホルダ4の上面に設け
られている。ボルト5はウエイト3に穿たれた座ぐり穴
3aを通してホルダ4内部に延びており、ウエイト3が
スプリング6を介して固定されている。切れ刃7はワー
ク8にくい込んで切削中であることを示している。な
お、図中、矢印Fvは切削における主分力、Sはウエイ
ト滑動方向、Nはワーク回転方向を示す。An example of a conventional technique used for suppressing such chatter vibration of a tool is shown in FIG. 5, for example. The cutting tool 1 is fixed to a tool rest 2, and a weight 3 having a certain weight is provided on an upper surface of a holder 4. The bolt 5 extends inside the holder 4 through a counterbore hole 3 a formed in the weight 3, and the weight 3 is fixed via a spring 6. The cutting edge 7 is embedded in the work 8 and indicates that the work is being cut. In the figure, arrow Fv indicates the main component force in cutting, S indicates the weight sliding direction, and N indicates the workpiece rotation direction.
【0004】上記の構成において、切削工具1に衝撃荷
重が作用したとき、ホルダ4の上面と、ウエイト3との
間に微小な隙間が生じ、ウエイト3がスプリング6の働
きでホルダ4の上面に押し付けられ、この過程でウエイ
ト3が繰り返し衝突することにより振動を減衰するもの
である。In the above construction, when an impact load is applied to the cutting tool 1, a minute gap is generated between the upper surface of the holder 4 and the weight 3, and the weight 3 acts on the upper surface of the holder 4 by the action of the spring 6. The weight 3 is pressed, and the weight 3 repeatedly collides in this process to damp the vibration.
【0005】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記し
た制振装置ではウエイト滑動方向Sが一方向に限られて
しまい、充分な振動減衰効果が得られない。すなわち、
切削抵抗はよく知られるように主分力Fvを含む送り分
力Vと背分力との合力であり、常に主合力Fvと一致す
る方向にホルダ4が変位するとは限らない。合力に合う
方向にウエイト滑動方向Sを向けるには上記の制振装置
では部材の配置を含めて不充分であり、この制振装置に
よらないより望ましい方法が求められている。However, in the above-described vibration damping device, the weight sliding direction S is limited to one direction, and a sufficient vibration damping effect cannot be obtained. That is,
As is well known, the cutting resistance is the resultant force of the feed component force V including the main component force Fv and the back force component, and the holder 4 is not always displaced in the direction that coincides with the main component force Fv. In order to direct the weight sliding direction S in a direction that matches the resultant force, the above-described vibration damping device is insufficient including the arrangement of the members, and a more desirable method that does not rely on this vibration damping device is required.
【0006】また、上記の制振装置は減衰効果を高める
ときに、ウエイト3を大きくしたり、あるいはスプリン
グ6を強くする必要があるが、このような方法を用いた
としても装置が大形化する割に、減衰効果は上がらず、
特に切削抵抗が大きいワークを加工する場合に有効に機
能させるのが困難である。Further, in order to enhance the damping effect, it is necessary to make the weight 3 larger or the spring 6 stronger in the above-mentioned vibration control device, but even if such a method is used, the device becomes large in size. However, the damping effect does not increase,
In particular, it is difficult to function effectively when processing a work having a large cutting resistance.
【0007】本発明の目的は切削工具に生じるびびり振
動を効果的に抑制する切削加工における制振方法を提供
することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration damping method in cutting which effectively suppresses chatter vibration generated in a cutting tool.
【0008】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明はワーク切削中の
切削工具に生じるびびり振動を抑制するにあたり、制振
装置の軸心方法に沿って滑動するウエイトを設け、ウエ
イト滑動軸を切削工具の切れ刃に作用する切削抵抗の合
力方向に常に一致させることを特徴とするものである。In order to suppress chatter vibration generated in a cutting tool during cutting of a workpiece, the present invention provides a weight that slides along the axial center method of a vibration damping device, and uses the weight sliding shaft as a cutting tool. It is characterized in that the cutting force acting on the cutting edge is always matched with the resultant direction.
【0009】また、別の発明はワーク切削中の切削工具
に生じるびびり振動を抑制するにあたり、横断面でみて
切削工具と各面で接する振動減衰材を備えたウエイトを
設け、ウエイトを切削工具の切れ刃に作用する切削抵抗
の合力方向を含むあらゆる方向に移動させることを特徴
とするものである。In another invention, in order to suppress chatter vibration generated in a cutting tool during cutting of a workpiece, a weight provided with a vibration damping material contacting the cutting tool at each surface in cross section is provided, and the weight is used as a cutting tool. It is characterized in that it is moved in all directions including the resultant direction of the cutting resistance acting on the cutting edge.
【0010】[0010]
【作用】切削におけるびびり振動を抑制するうえで一部
の切削抵抗成分だけを考慮したのでは不充分で、各成分
の合力の係わり方に注目する。すなわち、合力方向に制
振装置のウエイト軸心を向けて配置する。[Function] In order to suppress chatter vibration in cutting, it is not sufficient to consider only a part of the cutting resistance component, and attention is paid to how the resultant force of each component is involved. That is, the weight axis of the vibration damping device is arranged in the resultant direction.
【0011】こうして合力方向とウエイト滑動方向とを
一致させることで、加振される切削工具の変位方向とウ
エイトの動作方向を正確に合わせることができ、制振効
果をより確実にすることが可能になる。By making the resultant force direction and the weight sliding direction coincide with each other in this way, the displacement direction of the cutting tool to be vibrated and the operating direction of the weight can be accurately matched, and the vibration damping effect can be made more reliable. become.
【0012】[0012]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を図1を参照して説
明する。ホルダ4の先端にはチップ9が装着されてい
る。切れ刃7はワーク8の方向に向けられ、ワーク8に
一部がくい込んでいる。このとき、切削工具1に生じる
切削抵抗成分は主分力Fv、送り分力Ffおよび背分力
Fpで現すことができる。これから切削抵抗の合力Rは
切れ刃7から斜め下向きになることが判る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. A tip 9 is attached to the tip of the holder 4. The cutting edge 7 is directed toward the work 8 and a part of the cutting edge 7 bites into the work 8. At this time, the cutting resistance component generated in the cutting tool 1 can be expressed by the main component force Fv, the feed component force Ff, and the back component force Fp. From this, it is understood that the resultant force R of the cutting resistance is diagonally downward from the cutting edge 7.
【0013】本実施例の制振装置10のウエイト軸心は
この合力Rの方向に向けられており、ウエイト滑動方向
Sと合力Rの方向とを一致させることができる。制振装
置10はウエイト11、ボルト12およびスプリング1
3からなる。ボルト12を固定するにあたり、実施例の
ものはホルダ4に固定ねじ14を刻み、ボルト12先端
をそこに螺合させている。The weight axis of the vibration damping device 10 of this embodiment is oriented in the direction of the resultant force R, and the weight sliding direction S and the direction of the resultant force R can be matched. The vibration damping device 10 includes a weight 11, a bolt 12, and a spring 1.
It consists of three. In fixing the bolt 12, the fixing screw 14 is carved on the holder 4 in the embodiment and the tip of the bolt 12 is screwed into the holder.
【0014】ウエイト11には座ぐり穴11aを穿って
おり、スプリング13はこの座ぐり穴11aに装着され
る。The weight 11 has a counterbore 11a formed therein, and the spring 13 is mounted in the counterbore 11a.
【0015】上記の構成において、加工中、切削工具1
に比較的大きい衝撃加重が作用したとき、切削抵抗成分
である主分力Fv、送り分力Ff、背分力Fpの合力R
方向にホルダ4が変位し、ウエイト11とボルト12の
頭部との微小な隙間が生じる。このとき、ウエイト11
がスプリング13の働きによって同一方向に滑り、ボル
ト12の頭部と衝突し、ウエイト11が跳ね返って再び
ボルト12の頭部と衝突し、この繰り返しにより振動エ
ネルギが消費され、びびり振動が消滅する。In the above configuration, the cutting tool 1 is being machined during machining.
When a relatively large impact load is applied to, the resultant force R of the cutting force component of the main component force Fv, the feed component force Ff, and the back component force Fp
The holder 4 is displaced in the direction, and a minute gap is formed between the weight 11 and the head of the bolt 12. At this time, the weight 11
Is slid in the same direction by the action of the spring 13, collides with the head of the bolt 12, the weight 11 bounces and collides with the head of the bolt 12 again, and by repeating this, vibration energy is consumed and chatter vibration disappears.
【0016】本実施例においては主分力Fvのみなら
ず、送り分力Ff、背分力Fpの切削抵抗成分が考慮さ
れることで、制振装置10をより効果的に利用すること
が可能である。In the present embodiment, not only the main component force Fv but also the cutting resistance components of the feed component force Ff and the back component force Fp are taken into consideration, so that the vibration damping device 10 can be used more effectively. Is.
【0017】制振装置10は必要最小限の部材からな
り、シンプルな構成で、固定方法も簡単なため、軽切削
条件から重切削条件まであらゆる用途に応じることがで
きる。上記実施例は切削抵抗成分の3分力を考慮したも
のであるが、2分力の合力方向に一致する方向に制振装
置を設けてもよい。The vibration damping device 10 is composed of a minimum number of necessary members, has a simple structure, and has a simple fixing method, so that it can be used for any application from light cutting conditions to heavy cutting conditions. Although the above embodiment takes into consideration the three-component force of the cutting resistance component, the vibration damping device may be provided in the direction that coincides with the resultant direction of the two-component force.
【0018】図2はこの2分力の合力方向R´に制振装
置10を適用した実施例である。制振装置10のウエイ
ト軸心は主分力Fvと背分力Fpとの合力R´の方向に
向けられ、ウエイト滑動方向Sと合力R´の方向とを一
致させている。FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the vibration damping device 10 is applied in the resultant direction R'of the two-component force. The weight axis of the vibration damping device 10 is oriented in the direction of the resultant force R'of the main component force Fv and the back force component Fp, and the weight sliding direction S and the direction of the resultant force R'are aligned.
【0019】制振装置10はウエイト11、ボルト1
2、スプリング13にユニバーサルジョイント15を付
加して構成したものである。The vibration damping device 10 includes a weight 11 and a bolt 1.
2. A universal joint 15 is added to the spring 13.
【0020】ホルダ4´には固定ねじ14を刻み、ここ
にユニバーサルジョイント15の主軸15aを螺合して
固定する。また、ボルト12はベース15bと結合して
一体に動作する。A fixing screw 14 is cut on the holder 4 ', and a main shaft 15a of a universal joint 15 is screwed into and fixed to the holder 4'. Further, the bolt 12 is connected to the base 15b and operates integrally.
【0021】この制振装置10のウエイト滑動方向Sを
合力R´の方向と合わせるにはユニバーサルジョイント
15で方向を一致させた後に固定レバー(図示せず)に
よって回動を止める。In order to match the weight sliding direction S of the vibration damping device 10 with the direction of the resultant force R ', the universal joint 15 is made to match the direction and then the rotation is stopped by a fixing lever (not shown).
【0022】本実施例はユニバーサルジョイント15が
ホルダ4に固定されることから、シンプルな制振装置1
0とする利点は幾分損なわれるが、ウエイト滑動方向S
と合力R´の方向を一致させる際にユニバーサルジョイ
ント15で容易に修正できる利点がある。In this embodiment, since the universal joint 15 is fixed to the holder 4, the simple vibration damping device 1
Although the advantage of 0 is somewhat impaired, the weight sliding direction S
There is an advantage that the universal joint 15 can easily correct when the directions of the resultant force R ′ and the direction of the resultant force R ′ coincide with each other.
【0023】さらに、本実施例は主合力Fvと背分力F
pとの合力R´を考慮したものであるが、主分力Fvと
送り分力との合力を考慮してウエイト滑動方向Sを決め
ることができる。Further, in this embodiment, the main resultant force Fv and the back force F are
Although the resultant force R ′ with p is taken into consideration, the weight sliding direction S can be determined in consideration of the resultant force of the main component force Fv and the feed component force.
【0024】さらに、上記の実施例と異なる実施例を図
3および図4を参照して説明する。図3において、符号
20で示される制振装置はホルダ4のが外周面との間に
間隔を保つように内面をそれよりも大きく形成される角
穴21を有するウエイト22と、この角穴21に沿って
ホルダ4との間の隙間を埋めるように装着される弾性材
料、たとえば合成ゴムからなる振動減衰材23と、ウエ
イト22をホルダ4に固定する締付ボルト24とを備え
る。ウエイト22には角穴21から外面に少し突出させ
た突起部22aにかけて延びる切欠き溝22bを形成
し、また、突起部22aに切欠き溝22bと直角方向に
ねじ22cを刻み、締付ボルト24をそこに螺合できる
ようになっている。Further, an embodiment different from the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. In FIG. 3, a vibration damping device indicated by reference numeral 20 has a weight 22 having a square hole 21 whose inner surface is formed larger than that of the holder 4 so as to keep a space between the holder 4 and the outer peripheral surface, and the square hole 21. A vibration damping material 23 made of an elastic material, for example, synthetic rubber, which is mounted so as to fill the gap between the holder 4 and the holder 4, and a tightening bolt 24 for fixing the weight 22 to the holder 4. The weight 22 is formed with a cutout groove 22b extending from the square hole 21 to a protruding portion 22a slightly protruding to the outer surface, and a screw 22c is formed in the protruding portion 22a in a direction perpendicular to the cutout groove 22b to tighten the tightening bolt 24. Can be screwed there.
【0025】図4はこの制振装置20を固定したホルダ
4を刃物台2に固定したところを示している。FIG. 4 shows that the holder 4 to which the vibration damping device 20 is fixed is fixed to the tool rest 2.
【0026】本実施例の制振効果はウエイト22の角穴
21に装着した振動減衰材23の弾性に依存したもの
で、切削工具1の切れ刃7を通して切削抵抗を実際にホ
ルダ4に受けて振動の発生状態を比較する必要がある。
これは締付けボルト24の締付力を変化させてウエイト
22に伝わる励振力の方向を見極めながら行い振動が小
さくなるところを見つけることになる。本実施例は切削
抵抗の合力方向を含む、あらゆる方向にウエイト22が
微量動き、切削条件およびワークの剛性の変動による複
雑な切削振動を減衰することができる。The damping effect of this embodiment depends on the elasticity of the vibration damping material 23 mounted in the square hole 21 of the weight 22, and the cutting resistance is actually received by the holder 4 through the cutting edge 7 of the cutting tool 1. It is necessary to compare the state of vibration occurrence.
This is carried out while changing the tightening force of the tightening bolt 24 to determine the direction of the exciting force transmitted to the weight 22 and finding a place where the vibration becomes small. In the present embodiment, the weight 22 moves in a small amount in all directions including the resultant direction of the cutting resistance, and it is possible to damp complicated cutting vibration due to variations in cutting conditions and work rigidity.
【0027】この制振装置20の形状はホルダ4に平板
で隔壁を設けた形となり、切れ刃7で生成される切り屑
が隔壁に妨げられて飛散せず、作業者の安全を確保する
うえでも効果がある。The shape of the vibration damping device 20 is such that the partition wall is provided on the holder 4 with a flat plate, and the chips generated by the cutting edge 7 are prevented from being scattered by the partition wall to ensure the safety of the operator. But it works.
【0028】なお、実施例のウエイト22は角形のもの
であるが、円形状にしてもよく、ワークの形状によって
はさらに別な形状を採用することもできる。Although the weight 22 of the embodiment is a square shape, it may be a circular shape, and another shape may be adopted depending on the shape of the work.
【0029】さらに、切れ刃7の監視のためにそこだけ
を見えるようにコ字形など、ウエイト22の一部を切欠
いた形状にすることも可能である。Further, in order to monitor only the cutting edge 7, it is possible to make a part of the weight 22 into a cutout shape so that only the cutting edge 7 can be seen.
【0030】[0030]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように本発明は
制振装置の軸心方向に沿って滑動するウエイトを設けて
そのウエイト滑動軸を切削工具の切れ刃に作用する切削
抵抗の合力方向に常に一致させるようにしたので、ワー
ク切削中、切削工具に生じるびびり振動を確実に抑制す
ることができ、高能率を維持しつつ精度を高く保てるな
ど、優れた効果を奏する。As is apparent from the above description, the present invention is provided with a weight that slides along the axial direction of the vibration damping device, and the weight sliding axis is the resultant direction of the cutting resistance that acts on the cutting edge of the cutting tool. The chatter vibration generated in the cutting tool can be surely suppressed during the work cutting, and an excellent effect such as high accuracy and high accuracy can be obtained.
【図1】本発明による制振方法を実現する制振装置の装
着状態を示す斜視図。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a mounted state of a vibration damping device that realizes a vibration damping method according to the present invention.
【図2】本発明の制振装置の他の実施例を示す側面図。FIG. 2 is a side view showing another embodiment of the vibration damping device of the invention.
【図3】本発明の制振装置の他の実施例を示す断面図。FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the vibration damping device of the invention.
【図4】図3に示される制振装置の断面図。4 is a cross-sectional view of the vibration damping device shown in FIG.
【図5】従来技術による制振装置の一例を示す側面図。FIG. 5 is a side view showing an example of a vibration damping device according to a conventional technique.
4………ホルダ 7………切れ刃 9………チップ 10………制振装置 11、22…ウエイト 12、24…締付ボルト 13………スプリング 15………ユニバーサルジョイント 21………角穴 23………振動減衰材 4 ... Holder 7 ... Cutting edge 9 ... Tip 10 ... Damping device 11, 22 ... Weight 12, 24 ... Tightening bolt 13 ... Spring 15 ... Universal joint 21 ... Square hole 23 ………… Vibration damping material
Claims (2)
振動を抑制するにあたり、制振装置の軸心方法に沿って
滑動するウエイトを設け、前記ウエイト滑動軸を該切削
工具の切れ刃に作用する切削抵抗の合力方向に常に一致
させることを特徴とする切削加工における制振方法。1. In suppressing chatter vibration generated in a cutting tool during work cutting, a weight that slides along a shaft center method of a vibration damping device is provided, and the weight sliding shaft acts on a cutting edge of the cutting tool. A damping method in cutting, which is characterized by always matching the resultant direction of cutting resistance.
振動を抑制するにあたり、横断面でみて該切削工具と各
面で接する振動減衰材を備えたウエイトを設け、該ウエ
イトを該切削工具の切れ刃に作用する切削抵抗の合力方
向を含むあらゆる方向に移動させることを特徴とする切
削加工における制振方法。2. In suppressing chatter vibration generated in a cutting tool during cutting of a workpiece, a weight provided with a vibration damping material that is in contact with the cutting tool at each surface in cross section is provided, and the weight is cut by the cutting tool. A vibration damping method in cutting, which comprises moving the blade in all directions including the resultant direction of the cutting resistance acting on the blade.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP22981393A JP3325969B2 (en) | 1993-09-16 | 1993-09-16 | Vibration suppression method in cutting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP22981393A JP3325969B2 (en) | 1993-09-16 | 1993-09-16 | Vibration suppression method in cutting |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPH0780702A true JPH0780702A (en) | 1995-03-28 |
JP3325969B2 JP3325969B2 (en) | 2002-09-17 |
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JP22981393A Expired - Fee Related JP3325969B2 (en) | 1993-09-16 | 1993-09-16 | Vibration suppression method in cutting |
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JP (1) | JP3325969B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006189167A (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2006-07-20 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Dynamic vibration absorbing device |
CN104191033A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-12-10 | 江苏建中新材料科技有限公司 | Cutting device and method for bearing steel tube |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102179534B (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2013-01-09 | 上海理工大学 | Magnetorheological vibration reduction system based on shearing work mode for cylindrical turning vibrations |
-
1993
- 1993-09-16 JP JP22981393A patent/JP3325969B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006189167A (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2006-07-20 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Dynamic vibration absorbing device |
JP4509961B2 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2010-07-21 | 東芝機械株式会社 | Dynamic vibration absorber |
CN104191033A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-12-10 | 江苏建中新材料科技有限公司 | Cutting device and method for bearing steel tube |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP3325969B2 (en) | 2002-09-17 |
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