JPH0772080A - Gas detector - Google Patents

Gas detector

Info

Publication number
JPH0772080A
JPH0772080A JP31873891A JP31873891A JPH0772080A JP H0772080 A JPH0772080 A JP H0772080A JP 31873891 A JP31873891 A JP 31873891A JP 31873891 A JP31873891 A JP 31873891A JP H0772080 A JPH0772080 A JP H0772080A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
gas
sensor
hydrogen
film
oxide film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP31873891A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kentaro Ito
謙太郎 伊東
Tomoya Ogami
智也 大上
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP31873891A priority Critical patent/JPH0772080A/en
Publication of JPH0772080A publication Critical patent/JPH0772080A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a quick response from a gas sensor at the normal temperature by using a hydrouse tungsten oxide film instead of a solid body of a metal oxide. CONSTITUTION:After a hydrous tungsten oxide film 2 is formed on a substrate 1, a semi-transparent catalytic metallic film 3 is layered thereon, thereby to constitute a gas sensor. When the sensor is exposed to an environment containing hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing compound gas, a complex index of refraction of the tungsten film 2 is quickly changed. As a result, a reflectivity or transmittance of the sensor is quickly changed. A reflecting-type or transmitting-type gas detecting apparatus which converts the change of the reflectivity or transmittance into an electric amount and evaluates a concentration of a gas quickly is constituted by using the sensor.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は水素または含水素化合物ガスを検出する装置に
関するものであり、ガス漏れ検知、火災予知、変圧器の
絶縁油劣化予知などの分野で利用できる。従来、金属酸
化物の固体の光学的性質が水素などの還元性ガスによっ
て変化することを利用したガスセンサでは、常温におけ
るセンサの応答が迅速でなく、応答時間を1分程度にす
るにはセンサを加熱しなければならなかった。本発明
は、金属酸化物の固体の代わりに含水酸化タングステン
膜を用いることによってこの欠点を解消することを目的
とする。本発明の実例を図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明す
る。第1図はガスセンサの構造を示す。基板1に含水酸
化タングステン膜2を形成したのち、その上にさらに半
透明触媒金属膜3を堆積する。この素子を水素または含
水素化合物ガスを含む雰囲気にさらすと、含水酸化タン
グステン膜の複素屈折率が迅速に変化するので、素子の
光反射率または光透過率が迅速に変化する。それゆえ、
この変化を電気量に変換して前記ガスの濃度を迅速に評
価する反射型または透過型ガス検出装置が本素子を用い
ることによって構成できる。反射型ガス検出装置におけ
る本素子の一実施例を以下に示す。平坦なタングステン
基板1に膜厚数千Åの陽極酸化膜2を硫酸などの酸性溶
液中で形成したのち、膜厚数十Åのパラジウムまたは白
金薄膜3を真空蒸着、スパッタ法などにより堆積する。
第2図は上記実施例の素子における波長1.4μmの光
に対する反射率の変化を示す。素子の雰囲気を通常の空
気から1%水素を含む空気に変えたのち、再び空気に戻
したとき、素子は常温において約10秒で水素に応答す
る。この迅速な応答性は、陽極酸化時に形成される酸化
タングステンの水和物における水素原子または水素イオ
ンの速い拡散に基づく。第3図は反射型ガス検出装置の
一実施例である。常温付近に保たれたガスセンサに白熱
ランプ、発光ダイオード、レーザなどの光源6から入射
光ビーム4を照射し、反射光ビーム5はフォトダイオー
ドなどの受光器7に入射され、電気信号の出力によって
ガスの濃度が示される。ガスに対する感度は陽極酸化膜
の膜厚、光の波長などによって変化する。高い感度を実
現するため、反射光ビーム5の光路にフィルタ、プリズ
ム、回折格子などの光学素子を設置することができる。
第4図は本発明の他の実施例であり、光ビーム4および
5の導波路として2本の光ファイバを用いた装置であ
る。また第5図は、第4図の出射用および受光用光ファ
イバを1本にした装置の例である。低損失、可とう性の
光ファイバを使用することにより光信号の遠隔地への伝
送が可能である。本発明には、基板1を透明な基板例え
ばガラス板とした透過型ガス検出装置も含まれる。ただ
し、この場合第3図における反射光ビーム5および受光
器7、第4図における光ファイバ9および受光器7を基
板1の下方に配置し、光ビームを膜3から基板1へと透
過させる。なお、この透過型ガス検出装置においては、
基板1が膜3に対して上方になるよう本素子を裏返しに
しても同様の効果が得られる。
The present invention relates to an apparatus for detecting hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing compound gas, and can be used in the fields of gas leak detection, fire prediction, insulation oil deterioration prediction of transformers, and the like. Conventionally, in a gas sensor that utilizes the fact that the optical properties of a solid metal oxide are changed by a reducing gas such as hydrogen, the response of the sensor at room temperature is not quick, and the sensor needs to have a response time of about 1 minute. Had to heat up. The present invention aims to eliminate this drawback by using a hydrous tungsten oxide film instead of a solid metal oxide. An example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the structure of the gas sensor. After forming the hydrous tungsten oxide film 2 on the substrate 1, a semitransparent catalytic metal film 3 is further deposited thereon. When this element is exposed to an atmosphere containing hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing compound gas, the complex refractive index of the hydrous tungsten oxide film changes rapidly, so that the light reflectance or light transmittance of the element changes rapidly. therefore,
A reflective or transmissive gas detection device for converting this change into an electric quantity to quickly evaluate the concentration of the gas can be constructed by using the present element. An example of this element in the reflection type gas detection device will be shown below. An anodic oxide film 2 having a film thickness of several thousand Å is formed on a flat tungsten substrate 1 in an acidic solution such as sulfuric acid, and then a palladium or platinum thin film 3 having a film thickness of several tens of Å is deposited by vacuum evaporation, sputtering or the like.
FIG. 2 shows a change in reflectance with respect to light having a wavelength of 1.4 μm in the device of the above-mentioned embodiment. When the atmosphere of the device is changed from normal air to air containing 1% hydrogen and then returned to air, the device responds to hydrogen in about 10 seconds at room temperature. This rapid response is based on the fast diffusion of hydrogen atoms or hydrogen ions in the hydrate of tungsten oxide formed during anodization. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a reflection type gas detection device. A gas sensor kept near room temperature is irradiated with an incident light beam 4 from a light source 6 such as an incandescent lamp, a light emitting diode, or a laser, and a reflected light beam 5 is incident on a light receiver 7 such as a photodiode, and the gas is output by the output of an electric signal. The concentration of is shown. The sensitivity to gas changes depending on the thickness of the anodic oxide film, the wavelength of light, and the like. In order to realize high sensitivity, optical elements such as filters, prisms and diffraction gratings can be installed in the optical path of the reflected light beam 5.
FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which is an apparatus using two optical fibers as waveguides for the light beams 4 and 5. Further, FIG. 5 is an example of an apparatus in which the emitting and receiving optical fibers of FIG. By using a low loss, flexible optical fiber, it is possible to transmit an optical signal to a remote place. The present invention also includes a transmission type gas detection device in which the substrate 1 is a transparent substrate such as a glass plate. However, in this case, the reflected light beam 5 and the light receiver 7 in FIG. 3 and the optical fiber 9 and the light receiver 7 in FIG. 4 are arranged below the substrate 1, and the light beam is transmitted from the film 3 to the substrate 1. In addition, in this transmission type gas detection device,
The same effect can be obtained even when the present element is turned upside down so that the substrate 1 is above the film 3.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

第1図はガスセンサの構造の断面図、第2図は雰囲気を
最初に空気、ついで含水素空気、最後に再び空気にした
ときのガスセンサの膜の反射率の変化を示した図、第3
図は反射型ガス検出装置の実施例を示す図、第4図は2
本の光ファイバを用いた反射型ガス検出装置を示す図、
第5図は出射および受光のため1本の光ファイバを用い
た反射型ガス検出装置を示す図である。 1・・基板、2・・含水酸化タングステン膜、3・・触
媒金属薄膜、4・・入射光ビーム、5・・反射光ビー
ム、6・・光源、7・・受光器、8,9・・光ファイ
バ。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the gas sensor, FIG. 2 is a view showing changes in the reflectance of the film of the gas sensor when the atmosphere is first changed to air, then to hydrogen-containing air, and finally to air again.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a reflection type gas detection device, and FIG.
The figure which shows the reflection type gas detector which uses the optical fiber of the book,
FIG. 5 is a view showing a reflection type gas detection device using one optical fiber for emitting and receiving light. 1 ... Substrate 2, Tungsten oxide hydroxide film, 3 ... Catalyst metal thin film, 4 ... Incident light beam, 5 ... Reflected light beam, 6 ... Light source, 7 ... Light receiver, 8, 9 ... Optical fiber.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】水素または含水素化合物ガスの検出装置で
あって、被検ガスの影響によ栄って光学的性質が迅速に
変化する含水酸化タングステン膜からなるガスセンサ
と、この変化を電気量に変換して前記ガスの濃度を評価
するための装置とを含むガス検出装置
1. A hydrogen or hydrogen-containing compound gas detector, comprising a gas sensor comprising a hydrous tungsten oxide film whose optical properties change rapidly under the influence of a gas to be detected, and an electric quantity of this change. And a device for evaluating the concentration of the gas by converting into gas
JP31873891A 1991-09-25 1991-09-25 Gas detector Pending JPH0772080A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP31873891A JPH0772080A (en) 1991-09-25 1991-09-25 Gas detector

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP31873891A JPH0772080A (en) 1991-09-25 1991-09-25 Gas detector

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0772080A true JPH0772080A (en) 1995-03-17

Family

ID=18102396

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP31873891A Pending JPH0772080A (en) 1991-09-25 1991-09-25 Gas detector

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0772080A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005300339A (en) * 2004-04-12 2005-10-27 Hitachi Cable Ltd Optical gas sensor
JP2007121013A (en) * 2005-10-26 2007-05-17 Japan Atomic Energy Agency Optical hydrogen gas detection element, its manufacturing method, and optical hydrogen gas detection device and method using element
JP2007132889A (en) * 2005-11-14 2007-05-31 Japan Atomic Energy Agency Optical hydrogen sensing material using ion irradiation and its manufacturing method
WO2007116919A1 (en) * 2006-04-04 2007-10-18 Japan Atomic Energy Agency Hydrogen gas detecting material and method for coating same

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005300339A (en) * 2004-04-12 2005-10-27 Hitachi Cable Ltd Optical gas sensor
JP2007121013A (en) * 2005-10-26 2007-05-17 Japan Atomic Energy Agency Optical hydrogen gas detection element, its manufacturing method, and optical hydrogen gas detection device and method using element
JP4644869B2 (en) * 2005-10-26 2011-03-09 独立行政法人 日本原子力研究開発機構 OPTICAL HYDROGEN GAS DETECTING ELEMENT AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND OPTICAL HYDROGEN GAS DETECTING DEVICE AND METHOD USING THE ELEMENT
JP2007132889A (en) * 2005-11-14 2007-05-31 Japan Atomic Energy Agency Optical hydrogen sensing material using ion irradiation and its manufacturing method
WO2007116919A1 (en) * 2006-04-04 2007-10-18 Japan Atomic Energy Agency Hydrogen gas detecting material and method for coating same
US8052898B2 (en) 2006-04-04 2011-11-08 Japan Atomic Energy Agency Hydrogen gas detecting material and the coating method

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