JPH0760290A - Improved treatmet of pollited water - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To purify sewage with high efficiency by performing dephosphorization and deammoniation for polluted water through electrolysis and performing deodorization, decomposition and adsorption through fermented humic acid to purify polluted water, subjecting the filtrate to adsorption by a ceramic rod, adding a small amount of urea and ammonium sulfate to the filtrate, heating the mixture and electrolyzing the filtered aqueous liquid. CONSTITUTION:Domestic sewage and aqueous excreta are washed with water. Aqueous polluted water after primary sterilization is mixed with fermented compost, humic acid and carbon or the like in a fermentation tank 17 and the mixture is agitated to perform secondary deodorization and fermentation. Then adsorption of filtrate is performed in an adsorption tank 13 containing a ceramic porous rod which is produced by mixing zeolite and a coral fossil or the like and molding the mixture into a rod shape and sintering the molded form. Filtrate separated by a centrifugal separator is mixed and diluted with alkaline water produced from an electrolytic bath 25 discharged. Aerobic fermentation bacteria are added to the separated solid material. In accordance with necessity, the separated solid material is mixed with industrial waste such as the knot residue of fiber pulp and cottonseed shell supplied from a tank 23 in a secondary fermentation tank 22. The mixture is secondarily fermented to produce a soil conditioner. Further the strong alkaline liquid of electrolyte and urea are treated by ion exchangable diaphragm electrolysis.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

この発明は、従来使用して来た好嫌気性菌の分解によっ
て曝気を伴う活性汚泥処理では、既にその浄化能力が限
界に近く、設備費が高く処理時間が、特に曝気に時間が
かかる欠点を改善する事を目的として開発されたもの
で、従来の曝気による時間のロスと曝気に伴う悪臭が公
害として社会問題となっている現況を打破し、短時間で
無臭の状態で処理する方法として隔膜電解によって塩水
を電解液として電解した陽極酸化液のＰＨ４以下の水を
洗水として汚泥物、家庭用水、業務用水に使用し、汚泥
物をこの酸性水で殺菌し悪臭要因の一次発酵を抑制し
て、混合廃水として流した水をスクリーンでスラヂを分
離し、次に、そのコロイド瀘液を発酵堆肥と好気性菌で
処理して、コロイド質を沈降せしめたものの上澄液を毛
管電解して水で稀釈して廃水し、沈殿物に吸着性セラミ
ック成型物の焼結を投入して７０℃で加温し、尿素を入
れて１０〜２０分間で処理したコロイド質をポンプで移
行して瀘別した水液は３室隔膜電解して中室の中性精製
水液として放流し、陰極室のアルカリ性液は電解濃縮し
て回収し、陽極液も同様に回収して再利用する。この様
な方法では魚場の水産加工物の汚水処理による悪臭も、
直ちに脱臭されて従来の曝気に８〜１２時間かかった活
性汚泥法を３０分間で処理が終わるので、その設備面積
は１６分の１に縮小され、Ｂ・Ｏ・Ｄが水産加工場の場
合、２０Ｐ．Ｐ．Ｍであったものを、１Ｐ．Ｐ．Ｍ以下
に低下させ、アンモニア濃度も電解によって脱アンモニ
アが行われ燐酸も１０分の１以下となる。特に、水産加
工や畜産加工に於ける悪臭発生源の油脂は、発酵堆肥に
吸着され、リパーゼで分解吸着されて悪臭の発生を抑制
する効果を発揮する。次に、この汚水は堆肥によってコ
ロイド質は沈降するので、これを瀘別し、ゼオライト、
サンゴ化石、石灰石、７０：２０：２０の割合に７００
メッシュに粉砕した粉末を７００℃〜９００℃で棒状に
成型したものを以て煮沸吸着せしめるが、これに尿素、
硫安、アルカリ液を少量混入せしめる時は、コロイド質
は沈降吸着するが、７０℃の温度で加熱したものは透明
水液としてオーバーフォローする様にポンプで移行せし
め、毛管体で瀘別しながら排水せしめた水はそのまま放
流する。この時の放流水は、最初の汚水の透明度が７０
糎のものが２米まで変化し、他の活性汚泥法の様な着色
した鉛色排水とはならない。そして、Ｂ．Ｏ．Ｄは０．
１〜１Ｐ．Ｐ．Ｍの範囲内であり、電解に要する費用も
１ｔｏｎ当り３００ｗである。この吸着剤のセラミック
ス焼結棒は、パパイア酵素で処理すると共に酒精酵母や
乳酸菌、茸菌の入った水で発酵分解して浄化再生し、６
ケ月後は乾燥脱水焼成して再使用する。この様な方法で
は、曝気槽による水流ポンプ、並びに、曝気の必要がな
く、従って悪臭の公害性はない。この発酵堆肥はバーク
皮と鶏糞を細片化したものに好気性菌とパパイア酵素を
組合わせて９０日間６０℃で発酵分解したものが使用さ
れ、更に、この発酵菌を堆肥に追加したものを使用した
もので、フミン酸や木炭化粉が１０％加えられたものを
以て構成し、一次脱臭と沈降用として使用する。又、電
解酸化液は、ＰＨが４以下の酸性水が使用されるが、こ
の水洗水は３〜５日間消菌性があるので、最初から悪臭
が抑制されるのでスラヂの量が堆肥と共に瀘別される時
は、瀘液が既に無臭の状態にある。特に、水産物や畜産
物の加工に於いては、最初に古い材料を加工する場合で
も、酸性電解液で消菌と酸化分解によって悪臭が半減さ
れるので室内空気の浄化を行えば悪臭公害はない。又、
この材料の悪臭が取れない場合には、尿素を添加して発
酵堆肥を７０℃で加温かると、脂肪はリパーゼによって
分解し、悪臭は解消するから発酵堆肥とセラミック吸着
剤と尿素を組合せてパパイア酵素と共に加温する時は、
一工程で瀘別を行うだけで瀘液は透明な液として排出さ
れるから、これを水で稀釈すれば透明度は２米まで透視
が可能となる。そして、発酵堆肥は、使用後は新しい発
酵菌とパパイア菌の添加によって、繊維パルプやバー
ク、モミガラを添加する事によって再発酵すれば新しい
脱臭沈降剤が作られ、その間に吸着した不純吸着物も共
に発酵分解し、発酵中に悪臭はフミン酸、木炭粉の添加
で除去それ、発酵を終わるから５０％近くに炭素化した
堆肥は再利用されるが、この発酵堆肥を４５０℃で加熱
焼成する時は、水炭粉が形成されるので自給する事が出
来る。この様な仕組で汚水の処理によって、従来の活性
汚泥法の欠点の悪臭公害は除去され、汚水もＢ．Ｏ．Ｄ
が１０分の１以下に減少出来るので現在問題となってい
る魚の汚水が無公害室で処理され、且つ、ソーセーヂ工
場の悪臭公害も未然に処理それ、且つ、汚水の瀘別によ
って出来スラヂやスカムケーキが共に発酵堆肥と木炭
粉、フミン酸等によって発酵分解されるので、悪臭公害
はないばかりでなく、汚水の処理時間が発酵処理以外３
０分ないし、１時間で処理されるので、膨大な設備や建
物面積を要せず、又、加熱水も少量で行えるので燃料コ
ストも半減する事ができ、河川や海洋綿の汚水がなく、
青粉の発生が少なく清水が維持される。又、燐酸やアン
モニアも隔膜電解によって分離できるので、赤潮の発生
を促進する事がないので魚の養殖として海洋面の汚染の
除去にも、この応用が出来るので硫化水素の発生も予防
され、海苔の養殖やカキの養殖にも使用されるばかりで
なく、養豚、養鶏の汚水処理にも利用され、又、レスト
ラン、ホテル等の排水処理にも利用され、特に、排水の
電解再利用が可能となるので、水源の節約にもなる。特
に稚魚の養殖や水耕栽培に於いても、この電解酸化水の
消毒に利用されるので産業上有用な発明である。この発
明の実施要領を図面によって説明すると次の如くであ
る。This invention has the drawback that activated sludge treatment that involves aeration due to the decomposition of aerobic bacteria that has been used in the past has already reached its limit of purification capacity, requires a high equipment cost, and requires a long treatment time, particularly aeration. It was developed for the purpose of improvement, and as a method of overcoming the current situation where the time loss due to aeration and the foul odor associated with aeration has become a social problem as pollution, and is treated in an odorless state in a short time, the diaphragm is used. Water of PH4 or less, which is an anodizing solution electrolyzed with salt water as an electrolytic solution by electrolysis, is used as washing water for sludge, household water, and commercial water, and the sludge is sterilized with this acidic water to suppress the primary fermentation of malodorous factors. Then, the sludge is separated from the water that has flowed as the mixed wastewater with a screen, and then the colloidal filtrate is treated with fermented compost and aerobic bacteria, and the supernatant of the colloidal substance is subjected to capillary electrolysis. Diluted with water Waste water is added to the precipitate, the sintered ceramic molded product is added to the precipitate, heated at 70 ° C., urea is added, and the treated colloid is treated with a pump for 10 to 20 minutes. The three-chamber electrolysis is performed and discharged as a neutral purified water liquid in the middle chamber, the alkaline liquid in the cathode chamber is electrolytically concentrated and recovered, and the anolyte is similarly recovered and reused. With such a method, the odor caused by the sewage treatment of fisheries processed fish products,
Immediately deodorized and activated conventional sludge process that took 8 to 12 hours is completed in 30 minutes, so the equipment area is reduced to 1/16, and when BOD is a seafood processing plant, 20P. P. What was M, 1P. P. The amount of ammonia is reduced to M or less, and the ammonia concentration is also deammonified by electrolysis to reduce phosphoric acid to 1/10 or less. In particular, fats and oils that are sources of offensive odors in fishery processing and livestock processing are adsorbed to fermented compost and decomposed and adsorbed by lipase to exert an effect of suppressing the generation of offensive odors. Next, since the colloidal substance of this wastewater is settled by compost, it is filtered and zeolite,
Coral fossil, limestone, 700: 70: 20: 20
The powder crushed into a mesh is molded into a rod shape at 700 ° C to 900 ° C, and is boiled and adsorbed using urea,
When a small amount of ammonium sulfate or alkaline solution is mixed in, colloidal substances are precipitated and adsorbed, but those heated at a temperature of 70 ° C are moved by a pump so as to overfollow as clear water solution and drained while filtering with a capillary body. The soaked water is discharged as it is. The effluent at this time had a transparency of 70
The amount of kame changes to 2 rice and does not become a colored lead-colored wastewater like other activated sludge methods. And B. O. D is 0.
1-1P. P. It is within the range of M, and the cost required for electrolysis is 300 w per ton. The ceramic sintered rod of this adsorbent is treated with papaya enzyme and fermented and decomposed with water containing sake yeast, lactic acid bacteria and fungi to purify and regenerate.
After a month, dry and dehydrate and bake to reuse. In such a method, there is no need for a water flow pump by an aeration tank and aeration, and therefore there is no odor pollution. This fermented compost is made from pieces of bark skin and chicken manure that are fermented and decomposed at 60 ° C for 90 days by combining aerobic bacteria and papaya enzyme. Furthermore, the fermented compost is added to the compost. It is used, and is composed of 10% humic acid and wood charcoal powder, and is used for primary deodorization and sedimentation. Acidic water with a pH value of 4 or less is used as the electrolytic oxidant, but since this washing water has sterilizing properties for 3 to 5 days, the malodor is suppressed from the beginning, so the amount of sludge is filtered with compost. When separated, the filtrate is already odorless. Especially in the processing of marine products and livestock products, even when processing old materials for the first time, the bad odor is halved by acid sterilization and oxidative decomposition, so there is no bad odor pollution if the indoor air is purified. . or,
If the malodor of this material cannot be removed, when urea is added and the fermented compost is heated at 70 ° C, fat is decomposed by lipase and the malodor is eliminated. Therefore, combine fermented compost, ceramic adsorbent, and urea. When heating with papaya enzyme,
Since the filtering liquid is discharged as a transparent liquid just by performing the filtering in one step, if it is diluted with water, the transparency can be seen up to 2 rice. After the fermented compost is added, new fermentative bacteria and papaya bacteria are added to the fermented compost to re-ferment it by adding fiber pulp, bark, and chaff, and a new deodorizing sedimentation agent is produced. Both are fermented and decomposed, and the odor is removed by adding humic acid and charcoal powder during fermentation. Compost that has been carbonized to nearly 50% is reused after fermentation is finished, but this fermented compost is heated and baked at 450 ° C. At times, it can be self-sufficient because water charcoal powder is formed. By treating the sewage with such a structure, the bad smell pollution of the conventional activated sludge method is removed, and the sewage is treated as B. O. D
Can be reduced to less than one-tenth, so the sewage of fish, which is currently a problem, is treated in a pollution-free room, and the foul odor pollution of the sausage factory is also dealt with in advance, and sludge and scum can be produced by filtering the sewage. Since both cakes are fermented and decomposed by fermented compost, charcoal powder, humic acid, etc., not only is there no foul odor pollution, but the wastewater treatment time is other than fermentation treatment.
Since it is processed in 0 minutes or 1 hour, it does not require a huge amount of equipment or building area, and because it requires a small amount of heating water, fuel costs can be cut in half, and there is no wastewater from rivers or marine cotton.
The amount of blue powder is small and fresh water is maintained. In addition, since phosphoric acid and ammonia can also be separated by diaphragm electrolysis, it does not promote the generation of red tide, so this application can be applied to the removal of pollution on the ocean surface as fish farming, so the generation of hydrogen sulfide can be prevented and Not only used for aquaculture and oyster farming, but also for sewage treatment of pigs and poultry, and also for wastewater treatment of restaurants, hotels, etc. In particular, electrolytic reuse of wastewater becomes possible. It also saves water resources. In particular, it is an industrially useful invention because it is used for disinfection of this electrolytically oxidized water even in the cultivation and hydroponics of fry. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

【図１】は水道水又は、井戸水又は、海水、河川水をポ
ンプ（１）で汲取り、隔膜（２）のある電解槽（３）に
水を導入して、隔膜（２）の両極に８分目入れて２〜４
ｗ０．０１〜０．１アンペアーの直流電力を印加して電
解する。この電解水中には１％の食塩芒硝が混入され
て、電解する時、約１０分間でＰＨ４の電解液が陽極に
生じ、陰極にはＰＨ１１以上のアルカリ水液が作られ
る。この陽極水を水洗用として使用する。電解槽（３）
からパイプで送られた陽極水はタンク（７）に送られ、
ここで水洗汚水は汚水と混合されてフィルター（８）で
瀘別され、固形スラヂは発酵タンク（１７）に送られ、
発酵堆肥（１８）と混合されて濃縮菌（１５）と混和
し、更に、フィルターから分離されたスカムケーキ（２
１）と共に混和し、発酵温度、６０〜８０℃で発酵せし
める。そして、フミン酸と木炭粉（２３）を混合機（２
２）中で混和して再利用して、堆肥タンク（９）に蓄積
されて、脱臭沈降剤として利用される。魚市場の排水に
於いては、排水１ｔｏｎに対し堆肥１０ｋｇが添加撹拌
されて、脱臭沈降に使用される。この脱臭沈降タンク
（１１）で約１０分〜３０分間 温度３０〜７０℃で処
理し、静止した後、上澄液をポンプで取去りフィルター
（１２）で瀘別して、吸着タンク（１３）に送られ、加
温されてセラミック棒で吸着して脱臭脱色を行うが脱臭
沈降タンク（１１）の底部のコロイダル水はフィルター
（１２）によって瀘別されて分離したスカムケーキは、
発酵槽（１８）に発酵堆肥、木炭粉、フミン酸と共に瀘
別固形物として新しいバーク皮粉、発酵菌と共に投入さ
れて、６０〜８０℃の温度で発酵する。この発酵を迅速
に行う為には、空気を吹き込み攪拌すると良い。又、フ
ィルター（１２）によって瀘別した汚水は、吸着タンク
（１３）に導入されて吸着タンク（１３）内に予め入れ
た吸着セラミック捧（１３’）に浸漬されて７０℃に加
熱され約２０分後パイプ（１３ａ）からポンプ（１３
ｂ）によって、汚水は浄化されて、脂肪は、リパーゼで
分解されて吸着される。そして、汚水はフィルター（１
９）で瀘別して、そのスカムケーキの固形物（２１）
は、発酵槽（１８）中に混合投入して発酵される。次
に、フィルター（１９）で浄化された瀘液は貯水タンク
（２０）に貯水し、ポンプ（２０ａ）でパイプ（２０
ｂ）を通じて、３室隔膜電解槽（２５）の中室に送り込
まれて、両端の陰陽極室（２６）（２６’）に塩水を入
れて電解し、中室の汚水（Ａ）の不純物をイオン化して
両極室に除去し、汚水中のアンモニア、ソーダカリを陰
極に分離し、陽極には燐酸を塩素、有機酸と共に分離し
て精製した中室の汚水（Ａ）をパイプ（２７）を通じて
ポンプで貯水槽（２８）に貯水し、河川水、井戸水、海
水で稀釈して排出せしめるが、貯水槽（２８）の汚水の
１部はパイプ（２９）を通じて電解槽（３）の陰極に送
られ陰極室（３ａ）の電解液に添加され、オーバーフォ
ローした水パイプ（３０）を通じてタンク（３１）に貯
水されて、アルカリ洗滌液として使用される。この使用
後の水液はフィルター（３ｃ）で瀘別した瀘液をタンク
（３３）に貯水して、そのアルカリ中和液として脱臭沈
降タンク（１１）に導入されて、先に導入された酸性汚
水と混合されて、ＰＨを６〜７に調整して、発酵堆肥、
木炭粉、フミン酸と接触せしめて発酵脱臭せしめる。次
に、発酵槽（１８）中で発酵せしめた発酵堆肥は、二次
発酵槽（２２）に送られて、発酵菌、バーク皮粉、モミ
ガラ、綿実粕、ノット粕等をタンク（２３）から混合
し、二次発酵を９０日間行う。この発酵堆肥は、１部を
有機肥料として利用し、他部を脱臭沈降剤としてタンク
（１１）に再利用し、リサイクルする。この様な工程で
処理された最終時の汚水は、透明度 ２米に達し、Ｂ．
Ｏ．Ｄ０．０５Ｐ．Ｐ．Ｍ Ｃ．Ｏ．Ｄ ３Ｐ．Ｐ．Ｍ
となり放水されるので清水の状態で排水されるから、河
川や海水に直接放流されても青粉の藻草の発生がなく、
赤潮の発生もない。これは、柏崎の鰹加工工場の廃水を
テストした結果、である。しかし、現在の基準値では、
フィルター（１９）で瀘別して汚水を貯水タンク（２
０）から直接、河川水で稀釈して放流する時は、Ｂ・Ｏ
・Ｄ ３Ｐ．Ｐ．Ｍ〜１０Ｐ．Ｐ．Ｍ Ｃ．Ｏ．Ｄ ２
０Ｐ．Ｐ．Ｍであった。家庭用糞尿汚水をこの方法で処
理しても同様に脱臭が行われ、汚水タンク（７）に汚水
を導入して電解陽極水と混合したものは、悪臭が生じな
いが、長時間貯留する時は、二次電解槽（３’）を付属
せしめて、水洗タンク（７）の上澄液を陽極室で電解す
れば２ボルト０．５アンペアーで約１０分処理すると完
全に消臭される。次後の処理は同様に処理される。又、
家庭から出る生ゴミも水洗タンク（７）で浸積処理され
て、同様な工程で処理されるが、この水洗タンク（７）
は投入水洗する以前に悪臭ガスの発生するものは、室内
に於いて０．１％ＣＬＯ２液を含浸したセラミック棒の
吸着剤を通じて、室内空気を循環せしめれば脱臭が充分
行われる。又、脱臭沈降剤としての発酵堆肥は発酵時、
水分が７０〜８０％あるので乾燥室（２４）で含水量
５０％とに低下せしめたものに、硫酸第一鉄を０．０１
％添加したものを、尿素０．０１％と混合して発酵した
堆肥が使用される。[Fig. 1] is tap water, well water, sea water, or river water, which is pumped by a pump (1) and introduced into an electrolytic cell (3) having a diaphragm (2) to both electrodes of the diaphragm (2). Put the 8th minute and add 2-4
DC power of 0.01 to 0.1 amperes is applied to electrolyze. When 1% sodium chloride salt is mixed in this electrolyzed water and electrolysis is performed, an electrolyte solution of PH4 is produced in the anode in about 10 minutes, and an alkaline water solution of PH11 or more is produced in the cathode. This anode water is used for washing. Electrolyzer (3)
The anode water sent from the pipe is sent to the tank (7),
Here, the wash filthy water is mixed with the filthy water, filtered by the filter (8), and the solid sludge is sent to the fermentation tank (17),
The scum cake (2) mixed with the fermented compost (18) and mixed with the concentrated bacteria (15), and further separated from the filter (2)
Mix with 1) and ferment at 60-80 ° C. Then, the humic acid and charcoal powder (23) are mixed by a mixer (2
It is mixed in 2) and reused, accumulated in the compost tank (9), and used as a deodorizing sedimentation agent. In the wastewater of the fish market, 10 kg of compost is added to 1 ton of wastewater and stirred to be used for deodorizing sedimentation. The deodorizing sedimentation tank (11) is treated for about 10 to 30 minutes at a temperature of 30 to 70 ° C., and after standing still, the supernatant is removed by a pump, filtered by a filter (12), and sent to an adsorption tank (13). It is heated and adsorbed with a ceramic rod to deodorize and decolorize, but the colloidal water at the bottom of the deodorizing sedimentation tank (11) is filtered by the filter (12) to separate the scum cake,
A fermenting compost, charcoal powder, and humic acid are added to the fermenter (18) together with new bark skin powder and fermenting bacteria as a filtered solid matter, and fermented at a temperature of 60 to 80 ° C. In order to carry out this fermentation rapidly, it is advisable to blow air and stir. The sewage separated by the filter (12) is introduced into the adsorption tank (13), immersed in the adsorption ceramic pellet (13 ') previously placed in the adsorption tank (13), heated to 70 ° C., and heated to about 20 ° C. After a minute from the pipe (13a) to the pump (13
According to b), wastewater is purified and fat is decomposed by lipase and adsorbed. And the sewage is filtered (1
The scum cake solids (21) which have been separated by 9)
Are mixed and put into a fermenter (18) to be fermented. Next, the filtrate filtered by the filter (19) is stored in a water storage tank (20), and a pipe (20) is pumped by a pump (20a).
It is sent to the middle chamber of the three-chamber diaphragm electrolyzer (25) through b), salt water is put into the cathode and anode chambers (26) (26 ') at both ends to electrolyze, and impurities in the wastewater (A) in the middle chamber are removed. It is ionized and removed to both polar chambers, ammonia and soda potash in the waste water are separated into the cathode, and phosphoric acid is separated into chlorine and organic acids in the anode, and the purified waste water (A) in the middle chamber is pumped through the pipe (27). The water is stored in the water tank (28) and diluted with river water, well water, and seawater for discharge. A part of the waste water in the water tank (28) is sent to the cathode of the electrolyzer (3) through the pipe (29). It is added to the electrolytic solution in the cathode chamber (3a), is stored in the tank (31) through the over-followed water pipe (30), and is used as an alkaline cleaning solution. The water solution after this use is stored in the tank (33), which is filtered by the filter (3c), and is introduced into the deodorizing sedimentation tank (11) as its alkaline neutralizing solution. It is mixed with sewage, pH is adjusted to 6-7, fermented compost,
Fermented and deodorized by contact with charcoal powder and humic acid. Next, the fermented compost fermented in the fermenter (18) is sent to the secondary fermenter (22) to store fermenting bacteria, bark skin powder, chaff, cottonseed meal, knot meal, etc. in the tank (23). And the secondary fermentation is carried out for 90 days. One part of this fermented compost is used as an organic fertilizer, and the other part is reused in the tank (11) as a deodorizing settling agent for recycling. The final sewage treated in this way reaches a transparency of 2 rice,
O. D0.05P. P. MC. O. D 3P. P. M
Since it will be discharged in the form of fresh water, it will be drained in the state of fresh water, so even if it is discharged directly into rivers or seawater, there will be no generation of blue powder algae,
There is no red tide. This is the result of testing the wastewater of a bonito processing plant in Kashiwazaki. However, with the current standard values,
Filter (19) to separate filthy water from the storage tank (2
0) When diluting directly with river water and releasing,
・ D 3P. P. M-10P. P. MC. O. D 2
0P. P. It was M. Even if domestic manure sewage is treated by this method, it is deodorized in the same manner. When sewage is introduced into the sewage tank (7) and mixed with electrolytic anode water, no bad odor occurs, but when stored for a long time If a secondary electrolysis tank (3 ') is attached and the supernatant of the washing tank (7) is electrolyzed in the anode chamber, it is completely deodorized by treating with 2 volts and 0.5 amperes for about 10 minutes. Subsequent processing is similarly processed. or,
Garbage from home is also immersed in the washing tank (7) and processed in the same process, but this washing tank (7)
Those that generate offensive odor gas before washing with charged water can be sufficiently deodorized by circulating the indoor air through the adsorbent of the ceramic rod impregnated with 0.1% CLO2 solution in the room. In addition, fermented compost as a deodorizing sedimentation agent, during fermentation,
Water content in the drying room (24) is 70-80%
What was reduced to 50%, 0.01% ferrous sulfate
%, The compost fermented by mixing with 0.01% of urea is used.

【図２】は従来の活性汚泥法の改良装置を示す工程図で
ある。マンション総合汚水又は、工場排水をフィルター
した瀘液をタンク（９ｃ）から曝気槽（１ｃ）にパイプ
（１０ｃ）によりポンプ（１１ｃ）を以て導入した汚水
は、パイプ（４ｃ）によって電解槽（２ｃ）の陽極室
（３’ｃ）の酸性電解液（ＰＨ４）を曝気槽（１ｃ）に
導入し、曝気槽（１ｃ）の汚水をポンプ（５ｃ）により
パイプ（６ｃ）を通じてフィルター（７ｃ）で瀘別した
瀘液を一旦、タンク（８ｃ）に貯液してパイプで陽極室
（３’ｃ）に導入し、電解を１ｔｏｎの汚水に対して
２ボルト０．１アンペアーで１０分間行うと、脱臭が行
われるのでこれを循環して脱臭したコロイダルの汚水
（ｋ）をポンプでパイプ（１３ｃ）によって二次曝気槽
（１’ｃ）に入れて、通常の方法で分解菌を添加して曝
気する。即ち、パイプ（１４ｃ）でポンプ（１５ｃ）に
より汚水を循環する。この時に、パイナップルの根から
取ったサポニンやアマチヤヅルのサポニンを添加し、パ
パイア、木炭粉を入れて曝気する事により１０時間後の
上澄液はその間に流出せしめて水で稀釈して放流し、底
部の濃縮汚水は濃縮タンク（１６ｃ）に導入してスカム
ケーキを沈降させ、発酵堆肥、乳酸菌を入れて撹拌して
脱臭し、これをポンプで底部から取出し遠心分離機（１
７ｃ）で瀘別し、スカムケーキを発酵堆肥、木炭粉、フ
ミン酸と共に取出して発酵菌を１ｔｏｎ堆肥に５０ｇを
混合して発酵する。そして、この１部を有機肥料とて市
販し、他部は脱臭沈降剤として再利用する。この遠心分
離機（１７ｃ）で分離された瀘液は、電解槽（１８ｃ）
で処理されて曝気槽（１’ｃ）に送られ再利用される。
この、二次曝気槽（１’ｃ）の汚水液のＰＨは電解槽
（２ｃ）のアルカリ性陰極液によって調整されるから、
曝気槽中の分解菌の死滅は生じない。この様な方法で曝
気槽の悪臭は完全に消失されるので、公害ガスの拡散は
殆ど生じない。この時の汚水処理の脱臭に使用する電解
液の酸化は、３００ｗ／１ｔｏｎの割合で行われるから
安価である。この様に、一次発酵で処理された汚水は、
濃縮タンク（１６ｃ）に於いても脱臭が行われるので従
来の如く、特に、悪臭発生がない特徴があり、無臭の状
態で汚水は処理される。この、凝集沈殿剤としては、発
酵堆肥が作用するのでスムースに行われる。養豚汚水や
水産、畜産加工やレストラン、ホテル、食堂、ゴルフ場
等の汚水処理は、FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing an improved apparatus for a conventional activated sludge method. The contaminated condominium sewage or the filtered effluent filtered from the factory effluent is introduced into the aeration tank (1c) from the tank (9c) by the pipe (10c) by the pump (11c). The acidic electrolyte (PH4) in the anode chamber (3'c) was introduced into the aeration tank (1c), and the wastewater in the aeration tank (1c) was filtered by the pump (5c) through the pipe (6c) with the filter (7c). The filtrate is once stored in the tank (8c) and introduced into the anode chamber (3'c) by a pipe to electrolyze 1 ton of sewage.
Deodorization is carried out for 10 minutes at 2 volts and 0.1 amperes, so circulating the deodorized colloidal sewage (k) into the secondary aeration tank (1'c) by a pipe (13c) with a pump. , Aerate by adding degrading bacteria in the usual way. That is, the waste water is circulated by the pump (15c) through the pipe (14c). At this time, saponin taken from the root of pineapple or saponin of Amachiya vine is added, and papaya and charcoal powder are added and aerated to allow the supernatant liquid after 10 hours to flow out in the meantime and then diluted with water and released. The concentrated wastewater at the bottom is introduced into the concentration tank (16c) to settle the scum cake, and the fermented compost and lactic acid bacteria are added and stirred to deodorize, and this is pumped out from the bottom to centrifuge (1
After filtering in 7c), the scum cake is taken out together with the fermented compost, charcoal powder, and humic acid, and 50 g of fermented bacteria is mixed with 1 ton compost for fermentation. Then, one part of this is marketed as an organic fertilizer, and the other part is reused as a deodorizing precipitant. The filtrate separated by this centrifuge (17c) is used in the electrolytic cell (18c).
Is sent to the aeration tank (1'c) for reuse.
Since the pH of the sewage liquid in the secondary aeration tank (1'c) is adjusted by the alkaline catholyte in the electrolytic tank (2c),
No killing of degrading bacteria in the aeration tank occurs. Since the malodor in the aeration tank is completely eliminated by such a method, the diffusion of pollution gas hardly occurs. Oxidation of the electrolytic solution used for deodorizing the sewage treatment at this time is performed at a rate of 300 w / 1 ton, which is inexpensive. In this way, the sewage treated in the primary fermentation is
Since deodorization is also performed in the concentrating tank (16c), it has a characteristic that no bad odor is generated as in the conventional case, and sewage is treated in an odorless state. As the flocculating and precipitating agent, the fermented compost acts, so that it can be smoothly performed. Sewage treatment for pig farming sewage, fisheries, livestock processing, restaurants, hotels, restaurants, golf courses, etc.

【図１】の工程によって行われるが、従来の設備のある
活性汚泥法でも[Fig. 1] Although it is carried out by the process of Fig. 1, even with the activated sludge method with conventional equipment

【図２】の工程を履行すれば悪臭の発生は防げるが、曝
気時間に１０時間はかかるがサポニン、パパイア、乳酸
を使用したものは４時間でも充分である。それは、発酵
堆肥による三次発酵処理を施す事によって達成される。
又、If the process shown in FIG. 2 is carried out, the generation of malodor can be prevented, but it takes 10 hours for aeration time, but 4 hours is sufficient for those using saponin, papaya or lactic acid. It is achieved by performing a tertiary fermentation process with fermented compost.
or,

【図２】の（１９ｃ）は発酵タンクを示し、新しいバー
ク皮粉、ノット粕、パルプスラヂ、モミガラ等を発酵菌
と混合したものをタンク（２０ｃ）からスカムケーキに
混合して、発酵タンク（１９ｃ）内で６０℃の温度で空
気を吹き込みながら発酵し、９０日間塾成して発酵堆肥
を作るが、脱臭沈降用に使用する。発酵肥料には、木炭
粉、フミン酸を１０％添加して使用する事は前記に既に
延べている。しかし、この方法では、普通Ｂ．Ｏ．Ｄは
５Ｐ．Ｐ．Ｍになるよう河川水や井戸水を以て稀釈して
放流しているが、アンモニア、ソーダカリ、燐酸の濃度
は低下しないから、従来Ｂ．Ｏ．Ｄ １Ｐ．Ｐ．Ｍ以下
にするには電解精製が必要である。従って、(19c) of FIG. 2 shows a fermentation tank, in which a mixture of fresh bark skin powder, knot meal, pulp sludge, rice husk and the like with fermenting bacteria is mixed with scum cake from the tank (20c), and the fermentation tank (19c) Fermentation is carried out at a temperature of 60 ° C. in air), and fermentation is carried out for 90 days to produce fermented compost, which is used for deodorant sedimentation. It has already been described above that charcoal powder and humic acid are added to fermented fertilizers in an amount of 10%. However, in this method, B. O. D is 5P. P. Although it is diluted with river water or well water so as to be discharged to M, the concentration of ammonia, soda potassium, and phosphoric acid does not decrease. O. D 1P. P. Electrorefining is required to obtain M or less. Therefore,

【図１】に示す方法では公知の活性汚泥法の３分の１の
設備費で、しかも、処理時間が１０分の１に減少するの
で生産量が拡大する利点がある。又ね３室隔膜電解室の
中室に毒性汚水を入れて分解する時は、隔膜の選定によ
って電気泳動によって分離する毒物はイオン化されて除
去されるばかりでなく、発酵物を吸着後焼却する事によ
って改良される。又、病院の透析血液汚水は、電解酸化
殺菌し、発酵堆肥に吸着して乾燥焼却すれば感染の心配
はない。屠殺場の内臓物の血液等の入った汚物は悪臭が
極めて高いので問題となっているが、これらの、悪臭も
発酵堆肥と尿素、硫酸鉄、フミン酸、木炭粉の混合物と
を混合した汚水は、直ちに脱臭され、更に、セラミック
吸着剤によって吸着脱臭され、ホルモン酵素等やトリメ
チル、アミンの様な嫌な臭いも全て脱臭除去されると共
に瀘液は無色透明液となる。特に、血液中に含まれる油
性分は血液の１２〜２５％も含有して、悪臭の要因とな
るが、リパーゼやパパイア酵素の添加した発酵堆肥で吸
着除去されるので、生臭い臭気は容易に除去され、公害
拡散は少ない。この場合７０℃の温度で発酵分解すれば
より迅速に分解する。この時に使用する好気性菌は酒
精、乳酸、酵母と茸菌の混合物が１ｇ当り１億株の含有
したゼオライト粉５０ｇを１ｔｏｎの堆肥原料に添加混
合して発酵に供する。灰化されるこの活性汚泥法に於い
て曝気槽に添加される非ステロイド系のサポニンを添加
する時の効果は、次の如くである。即ち、サポニンには
色々な種類がある。そのサポニンの構造を示すと次の如
くである。 トリテルペノイドの非糖体のオリゴ配糖体又 が利用されるが、このサポニンの添加は水液のＰＨによ
って表面張力を変化する。即ち、ＰＨ３では３５．８ｄ
ｙｎｅ／ｃｍ２０℃であるが、ＰＨ９では３８．２とな
り、ＰＨ１１となると３９ｄｙｎｅ／ｃｍ２０℃とな
る。このサポニンの添加は界面活性剤として作用し、膜
反応を促進せしめ、溶存酸素量を増大せしめ、活性汚泥
化を促進する効果がある。これをThe method shown in FIG. 1 has an advantage of increasing the production amount because the equipment cost is one-third of that of the known activated sludge method and the treatment time is reduced to one-tenth. Also, when toxic wastewater is put into the middle chamber of the three-chamber electrolysis chamber for decomposition, the toxic substances separated by electrophoresis are not only ionized and removed, but also the fermented substances are incinerated after adsorption. Be improved by. In addition, if dialyzed blood sewage in a hospital is electrolytically oxidatively sterilized, adsorbed on fermented compost, and dried and incinerated, there is no risk of infection. The slaughterhouse's internal organs, such as blood containing filth, has a very bad odor, which is a problem, but these odors are also sewage mixed with fermented compost and a mixture of urea, iron sulfate, humic acid, and charcoal powder. Is immediately deodorized, and is further adsorbed and deodorized by a ceramic adsorbent to remove all unpleasant odors such as hormone enzymes, trimethyl, and amine, and the filtrate becomes a colorless transparent liquid. In particular, the oily component contained in blood contains 12 to 25% of blood and causes a bad odor, but since it is adsorbed and removed by the fermented compost containing lipase and papaya enzyme, the fishy odor is easily removed. The pollution spread is low. In this case, fermentative decomposition at a temperature of 70 ° C. results in faster decomposition. The aerobic bacteria used at this time are 50 g of zeolite powder containing 100 million strains per 1 g of a mixture of alcohol, lactic acid, yeast and fungi, and added to 1 ton of compost raw material for fermentation. In this activated sludge method of ashing, the effect of adding the non-steroidal saponin added to the aeration tank is as follows. That is, there are various kinds of saponins. The structure of the saponin is shown below. Non-glycosylated oligoglycosides of triterpenoids or However, the addition of this saponin changes the surface tension depending on the pH of the aqueous liquid. That is, PH3 is 35.8d
Although it is yne / cm20 ° C., it becomes 38.2 for PH9 and 39 dyne / cm20 ° C. for PH11. The addition of this saponin acts as a surfactant, has the effect of promoting the membrane reaction, increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen, and promoting the conversion to activated sludge. this

【図３】に示す如くである。無添加（Ａ）に比べてサポ
ニン添加（Ｂ）のものは、ＳＳ即ち、スラヂが急激に減
少する。このサポニンは４％前後で毎日１回添加して曝
気を行うが、このＳＳの変化はＰＨ７．４ Ｂ．Ｏ．Ｄ
２０Ｐ．Ｐ．ＭからＰＨ７でＳＳ １９となりＢ．
Ｏ．Ｄ １７Ｐ．Ｐ．Ｍ となりそして、脱水汚泥量は
１７００〜２０００ｋｇ／日であったものが ３８．９
まで低下する。この方法は、従来公知の活性汚泥法をサ
ポニン添加によって処理効果を向上するものである。し
かし、この活性汚泥法も排水のＢ．Ｏ．Ｄやアンモニア
や燐酸の増加による河川の汚染に対しては、増加するが
この改善には基本的に考えを変えねばならずコストは高
くなっても、より以上無公害の処理法が必要である。従
って、加熱法によって殺菌効果を高め、特に、蛋白質の
多い排水では蛋白質を凝固せしめて、発酵分解を抑え、
そのスカムケーキは動物飼料に利用し、瀘別を容易にす
ると共に油脂の過酸物生成による悪臭をパパイア酵素と
リパーゼで分解して、セラミックで吸着させたものは、
排水汚染をより少なくする効果があり、スカムケーキの
瀘別も容易で瀘布の汚染も少ないので生産の向上にもな
る。又、発酵菌としては、アスペルギリウス菌の外に、
乳酸菌や茸菌が使用されるので無害である。又、セラミ
ック吸着剤は、ベントナイト、サンゴ化石、石灰石が混
合されて成型し、８００〜９００℃で焼結せしめたもの
を使用すると、多孔質のものが得られ、その形状は捧で
もよく、球状やペレット状のものも成型される。水１ｔ
ｏｎに１ｔｏｎのセラミック吸着体がタンクの中に仕組
まれている。この様に、この発明の特徴は、従来探用の
活性汚泥法がＢ．Ｏ．ＤやＣ．Ｏ．Ｄに於いて総合規制
を受ける段階に来ている事は承知の事実であり、琵琶湖
の湖水の汚染は、次後精製される可能性はなく、新しい
企画によって浄化されねば近畿一円の飲料水は、益々汚
染が激しく、今日、Ｂ．Ｏ．Ｄをより減少せしめ、且つ
悪臭公害を除去せしめるには本発明によって初めて達成
されるものである。特に、工業排水や医療廃水には毒性
も多く、特に、フェノールの様なものや農薬類による汚
染では、現行の活性汚泥法では解決出来ないが、電解透
析法の採用によってこれを解決出来、発酵堆肥、フミン
酸、木炭粉で吸着した毒物は焼却して熱分解する事も充
分行えるので、合理性でありクローム酸の６価クローム
塩は電解酸化により３価クロームにすれば、沈殿が容易
となり、又、６価クロームのクローム酸を発酵堆肥に吸
着せしめたものを乾燥焼結する時は、安定した酸化クロ
ームに変化するので二次公害性は少なくなる。水産加
工、特に鰹の血水の汚水処理や屠殺場の牛、豚の廃水処
理は、未だに解決が困難であるが、これらは７０℃の加
熱法によって、ゼオライト焼結体の吸着剤と発酵堆肥の
混合物の使用によって全てが解決され、処理時間も１０
分の１以下で行われ。設備費も３分の１以下で設置され
るので極めて合理的であり、産業上有用な発明である。FIG. 3 is as shown in FIG. In the case of the saponin-added (B), the SS, that is, the sludge, sharply decreases as compared with the case of no-addition (A). This saponin is added at about 4% once a day for aeration, and the change in SS is PH7.4 B.P. O. D
20P. P. From M to PH7, SS 19 and B.I.
O. D 17P. P. And the dewatered sludge amount was 1700 to 2000 kg / day, which was 38.9.
Falls to. This method improves the treatment effect by adding saponin to the conventionally known activated sludge method. However, this activated sludge method is also used for draining B. O. The pollution of rivers due to the increase of D, ammonia, and phosphoric acid increases, but this improvement requires a fundamental change of thinking, and even if the cost increases, more pollution-free treatment methods are required. . Therefore, the heating method enhances the bactericidal effect, especially in wastewater containing a lot of protein, the protein is coagulated to suppress fermentation decomposition,
The scum cake is used for animal feed, facilitates filtration, decomposes the bad odor caused by the peracid formation of fats and oils with papaya enzyme and lipase, and adsorbs it on ceramics.
It also has the effect of reducing the pollution of wastewater, the scum cake can be easily filtered, and the filtration of the scum cake is less, which also improves the production. As a fermenting bacterium, in addition to Aspergillus,
It is harmless because lactic acid bacteria and fungi are used. The ceramic adsorbent is a mixture of bentonite, coral fossil, and limestone, and is molded and sintered at 800-900 ° C to obtain a porous adsorbent. Also pellets are molded. 1t of water
A ceramic adsorbent of 1 ton is installed in the tank. As described above, the feature of the present invention is that the activated sludge method for conventional search is based on the B. O. D and C. O. It is a fact known that we are now at the stage of being subject to comprehensive regulations in D. The pollution of lake water at Lake Biwa is unlikely to be purified next time, and if it is not purified by a new project, drinking water of Kinki 1 yen Is more and more heavily polluted, and today, B. O. In order to further reduce D and eliminate bad smell pollution, the present invention can be achieved for the first time. In particular, industrial wastewater and medical wastewater are highly toxic, and in particular, contamination by substances such as phenol and pesticides cannot be solved by the current activated sludge method, but this can be solved by adopting electrolytic dialysis method and fermentation. It is reasonable that poisons adsorbed by compost, humic acid, and charcoal powder can be incinerated and pyrolyzed. It is rational, and if hexavalent chrome salt of chromic acid is converted to trivalent chromium by electrolytic oxidation, precipitation will be easy. Also, when the fermented compost adsorbed chromic acid of hexavalent chrome is dried and sintered, it changes into stable oxidized chrome, so the secondary pollution is reduced. It is still difficult to solve fishery processing, especially sewage treatment of bonito blood water and wastewater treatment of slaughterhouse cattle and pigs, but these are heated by 70 ° C and the adsorbent of zeolite sinter and fermented compost are processed. The use of the mixture solves everything and the processing time is 10
Done in less than a fraction. The equipment cost is also less than one-third, so it is extremely rational and is an industrially useful invention.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】 本法による電解脱臭発酵堆肥混合物による汚
水処理工程図[Fig. 1] Process diagram of sewage treatment by electrolytic deodorization fermentation compost mixture by this method

【図２】 活性汚泥法の脱臭改良法の工程図[Figure 2] Process diagram of the deodorization improvement method of the activated sludge method

【図３】 サポニンの特性[Figure 3] Characteristics of saponin

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.⁶ 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｃ０２Ｆ 9/00 Ｍ 7446−4Ｄ Ｒ 7446−4Ｄ ５０３ Ｃ 7446−4Ｄ ５０４ Ａ 7446−4Ｄ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location C02F 9/00 M 7446-4D R 7446-4D 503 C 7446-4D 504 A 7446-4D

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 後文記載の如く、隔膜電解のＰＨ４以下の陽極酸化液を
水洗液として家庭排水、糞尿水を水洗して一次殺菌を行
い、瀘別してスラヂを取り去り、且つ、脱臭を行う。次
にこの汚泥水を発酵堆肥、フミン酸炭素粉等と混合撹拌
して二次脱臭と発酵を行い、次にゼオライト、麥飯石、
サンゴ化石、石灰石等を混合して成型した棒状物を焼結
せしめたセラミック多孔棒を温度７０℃で、必要に応じ
て尿素や琉安、塩安をいれて加熱して、遠心分離器で分
離せしめた瀘液を電解陰極室のアルカリ性水と混合稀釈
して放流する。次に、分離した固形物は好気性発酵菌を
加えて二次発酵し、出来ればコンポストや繊維パルプの
ノット粕、綿実殼等の産業廃棄物とを混合して発酵し
て、土壌改良剤を作ると共に、発酵堆肥を次の発酵脱臭
沈降剤として再利用する。又、電解液のアルカリ性の濃
い液や尿素は更にイオン交換性隔膜電解で処理する事を
特徴途する汚水処理法。As described below, domestic effluent and feces and urine water are washed with an anodizing solution having a pH value of 4 or less for diaphragm electrolysis as a washing solution for primary sterilization, filtered to remove sludge, and deodorized. Next, this sludge water is fermented compost, mixed and stirred with humic acid carbon powder, etc. to carry out secondary deodorization and fermentation, and then zeolite, malt stone,
Ceramic perforated rod made by sintering rod-shaped material mixed with coral fossil, limestone, etc., is heated at 70 ° C with urea, Ryu-an, and ammonium salt if necessary, and separated by centrifuge. The soaked filtrate is mixed with alkaline water in the electrolytic cathode chamber, diluted and discharged. Next, the separated solid matter is subjected to secondary fermentation by adding aerobic fermentative bacteria, and if possible, fermented by mixing with industrial waste such as compost, knot meal of fiber pulp, cotton seed shell, and the like, and a soil conditioner. And the fermented compost is reused as the next fermentation deodorant settling agent. In addition, a highly alkaline alkaline solution of the electrolyte or urea is further treated by ion-exchange membrane electrolysis, which is a sewage treatment method.