JPH0755817Y2 - Thermal battery - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本考案は、熱電池、とくにリチウム／二硫化鉄系熱電池
に関し、詳しくはその発電部と点火器との短絡防止に関
するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a thermal battery, in particular, a lithium / iron disulfide-based thermal battery, and more particularly to prevention of a short circuit between its power generation section and an igniter.

従来の技術 熱電池は、常温では不活性であるが、高温に加熱すると
活性になり、外部へ電力を供給しうるようになる電池
で、貯蔵型電池の一種である。従って、５〜10年あるい
はそれ以上の貯蔵後においても製造直後となんら電池特
性が変わらないので緊急用電源に利用されている。ま
た、高温で作動させるために電極反応が進みやすく分極
も少ないので大電流放電特性にすぐれ、さらに、使用希
望時には起動信号を入れると瞬時に電力を取り出せるな
どの特長を有する。2. Description of the Related Art A thermal battery is a type of storage battery that is inactive at room temperature but becomes active when heated to a high temperature and can supply electric power to the outside. Therefore, even after storage for 5 to 10 years or more, the battery characteristics are the same as those immediately after the production, so that it is used as an emergency power source. Also, since it operates at high temperature, the electrode reaction easily proceeds and the polarization is small, so it has excellent characteristics of large current discharge, and when it is desired to use it, it has an advantage that power can be instantly taken out by inputting a start signal.

しかし近年では、益々高出力化が望まれており、特に高
電圧放電が必要とされる際は、発電部の上部に設けられ
る絶縁層破壊が起き易い。また熱電池使用機器の回路上
点火器用入力端子とマイナス出力端子が外部回路もしく
は内部で電気的に接合されて使用されるケースが多い。
この絶縁層を熱衝撃により炭化した点火器が貫通し、発
電部と接触することにより内部短絡を起こす可能性を有
していた。However, in recent years, higher output has been desired, and particularly when high voltage discharge is required, the insulating layer provided on the upper part of the power generation section is likely to be destroyed. In many cases, the input terminal for the igniter and the negative output terminal are electrically connected to each other in an external circuit or inside the circuit of the device using the thermal battery.
There was a possibility that an igniter carbonized by a thermal shock would penetrate this insulating layer and come into contact with the power generation section to cause an internal short circuit.

この課題を克服するために従来から進められて来た研究
は、発電部の上部に設けられる絶縁層厚みの増加をはか
る程度で、抜本的な改善が必要とされていた。The research that has been carried out in the past to overcome this problem required a drastic improvement to the extent that the thickness of the insulating layer provided above the power generation section was increased.

考案が解決しようとする課題 しかし前記の従来例は、電気的絶縁能力を増すため、発
電部の上部に設けられる絶縁層の厚みを増すことが必要
であり、これにより電池が大型化するといった問題点が
生じていた。However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, in order to increase the electrical insulation ability, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the insulating layer provided on the upper part of the power generation unit, which causes a problem that the battery becomes large. There were dots.

課題を解決するための手段 この課題を解決するため本考案は、発電部の0V側素電池
が、電池起動用点火器を有する電池蓋側にくるように、
複数の素電池と発熱剤とを積層し、電池ケースに挿入し
かつ薄い絶縁層が素電池と点火器との間に配置されたも
のである。Means for Solving the Problem In order to solve this problem, the present invention is designed so that the 0V side unit cell of the power generation unit comes to the battery lid side having the battery starting igniter.
A plurality of unit cells and a heat generating agent are laminated, inserted into a battery case, and a thin insulating layer is arranged between the unit cells and the igniter.

作用 この構成により発電部の出力電圧が高くなろうとも発電
部と点火器用入力端子との間の電圧は0Vであり、前記絶
縁層の厚みを増す必要はなく、電池も大型化することは
ない。また絶縁層を極力減らすことが可能となるので、
部品点数も減らすことができ、電池組み立ても簡素化で
きる。With this configuration, even if the output voltage of the power generation section becomes high, the voltage between the power generation section and the input terminal for the igniter is 0 V, it is not necessary to increase the thickness of the insulating layer, and the battery does not become large. .. Also, since it is possible to reduce the insulating layer as much as possible,
The number of parts can be reduced and battery assembly can be simplified.

実施例 以下本考案の実施例を第１図に示す。Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 below.

第１図は本考案の熱電池の斜視図を示す。第１図におい
て、１は１対の点火器用入力端子であり、４は一方の入
力端子１とマイナス出力端子２とを電気的に接合するリ
ード線である。また素電池12は純リチウムと鉄粉の一体
混合層もしくはリチウムアルミニウム合金層からなる負
極層９と、LiCl-KClもしくはLiF-LiCl-LiBrを含浸処理
したMgOバインダーからなる電解質層10と、二硫化鉄を
活物質とし溶融塩電解質LiCl-KClもしくはLiF-LiCl-LiB
rとの均質混合により得られる正極層11よりなり、負極
層９が電池蓋14側になるように配置され、さらに過塩素
酸カリウムと鉄粉との均一混合物からなる発熱剤８と交
互に積層される。第２図Ａは本考案の、また第２図Ｂは
従来のそれぞれ発電部と点火器用入力端子Ｓの結線を示
す回路図である。FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the thermal battery of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a pair of igniter input terminals, and 4 is a lead wire that electrically connects one input terminal 1 and one minus output terminal 2. Further, the unit cell 12 is a negative electrode layer 9 composed of an integrated mixed layer of pure lithium and iron powder or a lithium aluminum alloy layer, an electrolyte layer 10 composed of an MgO binder impregnated with LiCl-KCl or LiF-LiCl-LiBr, and disulfide. Molten salt electrolyte with iron as active material LiCl-KCl or LiF-LiCl-LiB
The positive electrode layer 11 obtained by homogeneous mixing with r is arranged so that the negative electrode layer 9 is on the battery lid 14 side, and the heat generating agent 8 made of a uniform mixture of potassium perchlorate and iron powder is alternately laminated. To be done. FIG. 2A is a circuit diagram of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a circuit diagram showing the connection of the conventional power generation part and the igniter input terminal S, respectively.

次に本実施例の効果を調べた結果を述べる。Next, the results of examining the effect of this embodiment will be described.

発電部の積層素電池数を65枚とし、出力電流が150Aとな
る放電試験を行う。第２図Ａに本考案の電池の結線を示
したように、積層体最上部のマイナス出力端子２と点火
器用入力端子１の一方とは結線されているが、発電部の
最上部の素電池の電圧は0Vであり点火器用入力端子との
電圧差はない。また、第２図Ｂに従来の発電部と点火器
用入力端子との結線を示したが、この場合もマイナス出
力端子と点火器用の一方の入力端子とは本考案と同様電
気的に結線されている。しかし発電部の最上部の素電池
はプラス側が位置し、その電圧は100Vであり、点火器用
入力端子との電圧差は100Vとなる。又150Aの大電流放電
であるので、発電部の上部に設けられる絶縁層が破壊さ
れ、この部分で炭化された点火器が発電部側に貫通する
と、大きな内部短絡を起こす危険性が極めて高い。その
ため絶縁層部を厚くすることになり電池が大型化すると
いう結果であった。The number of stacked unit cells in the power generation section is set to 65, and a discharge test with an output current of 150 A is performed. As shown in FIG. 2A showing the connection of the battery of the present invention, the negative output terminal 2 at the top of the stack and one of the igniter input terminals 1 are connected, but the unit cell at the top of the power generation section is connected. The voltage is 0V and there is no voltage difference with the igniter input terminal. Also, FIG. 2B shows the connection between the conventional power generation section and the input terminal for the igniter, but in this case as well, the negative output terminal and one input terminal for the igniter are electrically connected as in the present invention. There is. However, the unit cell at the top of the power generation section is located on the positive side, the voltage is 100V, and the voltage difference with the input terminal for the igniter is 100V. Further, since the discharge is a large current of 150 A, if the insulating layer provided on the upper part of the power generation part is destroyed and the igniter carbonized at this part penetrates to the power generation part side, there is an extremely high risk of causing a large internal short circuit. As a result, the insulating layer portion becomes thicker, resulting in a larger battery.

本考案は発電部の最上部に位置する素電池はマイナス出
力端子を電池蓋14側に向けて電圧差を0Vとし絶縁層を薄
くしたので内部短絡の危険性もなく、電池は大型化しな
い。In the present invention, since the unit cell located at the top of the power generation section has the voltage difference of 0 V with the negative output terminal facing the battery lid 14 and the insulating layer is thin, there is no risk of internal short circuit and the cell does not become large.

考案の効果 以上の説明から明らかなように、点火器用入力端子と発
電部のマイナス出力端子とが外部回路もしくは内部で電
気的に結線されている場合、本考案の構造をとると、発
電部の上部に設けられる絶縁層の厚みを増すことなく電
池の大型化は避けられ、絶縁層破壊による内部短絡も避
けることができる。Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above description, when the igniter input terminal and the negative output terminal of the power generation section are electrically connected to each other in an external circuit or inside, the structure of the present invention allows It is possible to avoid increasing the size of the battery without increasing the thickness of the insulating layer provided on the upper part, and to avoid an internal short circuit due to destruction of the insulating layer.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

第１図は本考案の点火器用入力端子とマイナス出力端子
とを電気的に接合した電池蓋と積層発電部の配置を示す
部分断面図、第２図Ａは本考案の積層発電部と点火器と
の結線図、第２図Ｂは従来の積層発電部と点火器との結
線図である。 １……点火器用入力端子、２……マイナス出力端子、５
……点火器、９……負極層、10……電解質層、11……正
極層。FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of a battery lid in which an input terminal for an igniter and a negative output terminal of the present invention are electrically joined and a laminated power generation section, and FIG. 2A is a laminated power generation section and an igniter of the present invention. FIG. 2B is a connection diagram between the conventional laminated power generation section and the igniter. 1 …… Ignition input terminal, 2 …… Minus output terminal, 5
...... Ignition device, 9 ... Negative electrode layer, 10 ... Electrolyte layer, 11 ... Positive electrode layer.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 【請求項１】少なくとも素電池12と素電池の加熱体であ
る発熱剤８を交互に積層した発電部と、この発電部と空
間もしくは着火剤により電気的に絶縁された点火器５
と、１対の点火器用入力端子１と電力用出力端子を有す
る電池蓋14を備え、前記電力用出力端子であるマイナス
出力端子が点火器用入力端子の一方と外部回路もしくは
電池内部で電気的に接合された熱電池において、マイナ
ス出力端子２と電気的に接合される素電池が、点火器側
に配置されかつ薄い絶縁層７が素電池と点火器との間に
配置されていることを特徴とする熱電池。1. A power generation section in which at least a unit cell 12 and a heating agent 8 which is a heating body of the unit cell are alternately laminated, and an igniter 5 electrically insulated from the power generation section by a space or an ignition agent.
And a battery lid 14 having a pair of igniter input terminals 1 and electric power output terminals, the negative output terminal being the electric power output terminal being electrically connected to one of the igniter input terminals in an external circuit or inside the battery. In the bonded thermal battery, the unit cell electrically connected to the negative output terminal 2 is arranged on the igniter side, and the thin insulating layer 7 is arranged between the unit battery and the igniter. And thermal battery.