JPH074496B2 - Metal fume collection method - Google Patents
Metal fume collection methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH074496B2 JPH074496B2 JP4215340A JP21534092A JPH074496B2 JP H074496 B2 JPH074496 B2 JP H074496B2 JP 4215340 A JP4215340 A JP 4215340A JP 21534092 A JP21534092 A JP 21534092A JP H074496 B2 JPH074496 B2 JP H074496B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- fume
- pressure loss
- present
- fumes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 title claims description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001926 trapping method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、特にプラズマ溶接装置
あるいはプラズマ切断装置等を使用する際に発生する金
属ヒュームの捕集方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for collecting metal fumes generated when a plasma welding apparatus, a plasma cutting apparatus or the like is used.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、設備機器の溶接作業や解体作業に
は，一般にガスバーナーによる溶断が広く行われていた
が、近年、プラズマを利用する溶接あるいは切断作業が
行われるようになってきている。特にプラズマ切断装置
は、設備機器の解体作業によく用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a gas burner has generally been widely used for welding and dismantling work of equipment, but in recent years, welding or cutting work using plasma has been performed. . Particularly, the plasma cutting device is often used for dismantling work of equipment.
【０００３】プラズマ切断法は，２〜３万℃以上のプラ
ズマを切断対象に当てて溶断するので、切断を効率良く
行うことができるが、金属を切断すると多量の金属ヒュ
ームを発生する。しかもこの発生量は溶接作業に比べて
はるかに多く、１分当り１〜１０ｇに達する。In the plasma cutting method, plasma of 20,000 to 30,000 ° C. or more is applied to the object to be melted, so that the cutting can be performed efficiently. However, when the metal is cut, a large amount of metal fumes are generated. Moreover, this amount is much larger than that in welding work, and reaches 1 to 10 g per minute.
【０００４】原子力施設においても、老朽設備の解体除
去にプラズマ切断法が用いられている。しかも除去した
設備は放射性廃棄物として細断され、ドラム缶詰される
ことが多いことから、切断量は非常に多い。Even in nuclear facilities, the plasma cutting method is used for dismantling and removing old equipment. Moreover, the removed facilities are often shredded as radioactive wastes and often drum-canned, so the amount of cutting is very large.
【０００５】周知のように、原子力施設内の各種機器
は、放射能により汚染されていることから、切断作業の
際発生する放射性のヒュームは、一般環境に漏らすこと
なく完全に捕集する必要がある。そのため原子力施設で
は、高性能フィルター（ＨＥＰＡフィルター、捕集効率
９９．９７％以上）を使用しているが、切断作業で発生
するヒュームはその粒径が０．１〜０．２μｍと極微細
なため、直接この高性能フィルターで捕集すると極短時
間で目詰りを起してしまう。（６１０×６１０×２９３
ｍｍの一般的なＨＥＰＡフィルターでヒュームを１５ｇ
捕集すると目詰りを起し、交換する必要が生じる。）そ
のため、ヒュームの発生段階で、それを極力回収して高
性能フィルターの負担を低減する必要がある。As is well known, since various equipment in a nuclear facility is contaminated by radioactivity, radioactive fumes generated during cutting work must be completely collected without leaking to the general environment. is there. For this reason, high-performance filters (HEPA filters, collection efficiency of 99.97% or more) are used in nuclear facilities, but the fume generated during cutting work has an extremely fine particle size of 0.1 to 0.2 μm. Therefore, if it is directly collected by this high-performance filter, it will cause clogging in an extremely short time. (610 x 610 x 293
15 g of fumes with a standard mm HEPA filter
If it is collected, it will become clogged and will need to be replaced. ) Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the load on the high-performance filter by collecting it as much as possible at the stage of fume generation.
【０００６】ヒュームの捕集方法としては、例えば実開
昭５７−７７３１６号公報に開示されている濾過捕集方
法、特開昭５７−８５７７号公報に開示されている静電
捕集方法などがある。As a method for collecting fume, for example, a filtration collecting method disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-77316 and an electrostatic collecting method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-8577 are available. is there.
【０００７】しかしながら濾過捕集方法は、前記のよう
にヒュームが微粒子であることからすぐ目詰りを起して
しまうので、交換するかあるいはヒュームを払い落とす
必要がある。この払い落し方法として現在種々の方法が
実用化されているが、一般の粉塵ではうまく除去するこ
とができても、ヒュームは微粒子のため、効果的な除去
を行うことができず、その結果圧力損失が回復しないの
で、集塵効率が低下してしまう。However, in the filtration and collection method, since the fumes are fine particles as described above, the clogging occurs immediately. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the fumes or remove the fumes. Various methods have been put to practical use at present as a method for removing this, but even if it can be successfully removed with general dust, fume cannot be effectively removed because it is fine particles, and as a result, pressure Since the loss is not recovered, the dust collection efficiency will decrease.
【０００８】一方、静電捕集方法は、高電圧を用いるこ
とから、装置が複雑で高価になるのみならず、放射能を
含むヒュームでは保守が容易ではない。On the other hand, since the electrostatic collection method uses a high voltage, not only the apparatus becomes complicated and expensive, but also the fumes containing radioactivity are not easy to maintain.
【０００９】また、粉塵を捕集する方法として、不織布
状のフィルターを使用することも行われているが、不織
布状のフィルターは厚みを有するため、バグフィルター
のような払い落としは困難でありそのため粉塵が付着
し、圧力損失が一定値を超えた段階で新品と交換する
か、あるいは粉塵等を水により洗い流し、再生して使用
している。A non-woven filter is also used as a method for collecting dust, but since the non-woven filter has a thickness, it is difficult to remove it like a bag filter. When dust adheres and the pressure loss exceeds a certain value, it is replaced with a new one, or the dust etc. is washed off with water and regenerated for use.
【００１０】しかしながら、不織布状のフィルターを用
いて、金属溶断時に発生するヒュームを捕集しようとす
ると、極少量の捕集で圧力損失が所定値を超えてしま
う。従って、その都度フィルターを交換したり、あるい
は洗い流しを行うことは非常に不経済である。However, if a non-woven fabric filter is used to collect fumes generated when the metal is melted, the pressure loss exceeds a predetermined value even if the fumes are collected in a very small amount. Therefore, it is very uneconomical to replace or wash the filter each time.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記のよう
な問題を解決し、ヒュームを捕集する際のフィルターの
圧力損失の低減を図り、集塵効率を向上させようとする
ものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, reduce the pressure loss of a filter when collecting fumes, and improve the dust collection efficiency. .
【００１２】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段】すなわち本発明は、金属
ヒュームを捕集するフィルターに不織布繊維を使用する
金属ヒューム捕集方法において、該フィルターに付着し
たヒュームにより圧力損失が上昇して、所定値を超えた
とき、該フィルターに振動、叩撃等の物理的刺激を与
え、付着したヒュームの形状を変化させて、圧力損失を
低減させることを特徴とするものである。Means for Solving the Problems That is, the present invention provides a method for collecting metal fume using a non-woven fiber for a filter for collecting metal fume, wherein the fumes attached to the filter increase the pressure loss to a predetermined value. When the temperature exceeds the limit, the filter is subjected to a physical stimulus such as vibration and beating to change the shape of the adhered fumes to reduce the pressure loss.
【００１３】以下、図面により本発明を詳細に説明す
る。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
【００１４】図１は本方法を使用する前置ヒューム捕集
装置の平面図、図２は正面図、図３は側面図で、含ヒュ
ーム空気入口１、空気出口２を有する器体Ａの内部に不
織布繊維からなるメインフィルター３を設置してある。
４は該メインフィルター３の前方に配置したスパッタフ
ィルター、また５は観察窓、６はメインフィルター交換
口、７はスパッタフィルター交換口である。なお、図４
はメインフィルター３の平面図、図５は同じく正面図、
図６は側面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view of a front fume trapping apparatus using this method, FIG. 2 is a front view, and FIG. 3 is a side view showing the inside of a body A having a fume-containing air inlet 1 and an air outlet 2. A main filter 3 made of non-woven fiber is installed in the.
4 is a sputter filter arranged in front of the main filter 3, 5 is an observation window, 6 is a main filter exchange port, and 7 is a sputter filter exchange port. Note that FIG.
Is a plan view of the main filter 3, FIG. 5 is a front view of the same,
FIG. 6 is a side view.
【００１５】そこで、図示の前置ヒューム捕集装置を、
切断個所に設置し、金属ヒュームを含む空気を含ヒュー
ム空気入口１から器体Ａ内に導入すると、該空気はスパ
ッタフィルター４を経てメインフィルター３に至り、金
属ヒュームの微粒子は、該フィルター３の不織布繊維に
付着し、捕集される。Therefore, the illustrated front fume collecting device is
When it is installed at a cutting point and air containing metal fume is introduced into the body A from the fume-containing air inlet 1, the air reaches the main filter 3 through the sputter filter 4, and the fine particles of metal fume are separated from the filter 3. It adheres to the non-woven fibers and is collected.
【００１６】図７および図８は金属ヒューム微粒子の捕
集状態を示す説明図で、金属顕微鏡で観察すると、０．
０２μｍ程度の大きさの一次粒子が連なって数珠状を呈
していることが判った。これらのヒュームがメインフィ
ルター３の繊維上で捕集されると、次第に図８に示すよ
うに蜘蛛の巣状（樹枝状）に成長して繊維の間を閉塞
し、空気の流れを阻止するために圧力損失の増加をきた
し、その結果捕集効率が低下するものと考えられる。FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are explanatory views showing the collection state of metal fume fine particles.
It was found that primary particles having a size of about 02 μm were continuous to form a beaded shape. When these fumes are collected on the fibers of the main filter 3, as shown in FIG. 8, they gradually grow into a spider web (branch) and block the spaces between the fibers to block the flow of air. It is considered that the pressure loss increases and the collection efficiency decreases as a result.
【００１７】そこで、圧力損失の値が上昇して所定値を
超えた時点で、集塵機の運転中、あるいは一旦停止さ
せ、メインフィルター３に振動あるいは叩撃等の物理的
刺激を加えると、メインフィルター３の不織布繊維に付
着した金属ヒュームは、その堆積構造が不安定で比較的
結合力が小さいので、繊維同士がずれる程度の刺激力で
変形して塊状になり、その結果、容易に空気の流路が開
かれ、圧力損失が減少する。Therefore, when the value of the pressure loss rises and exceeds a predetermined value, the dust collector is in operation, or is temporarily stopped, and a physical stimulus such as vibration or tapping is applied to the main filter 3, so that the main filter is The metal fume adhering to the non-woven fabric of No. 3 has an unstable deposition structure and a comparatively small binding force, so it is deformed into lumps by the stimulating force that the fibers are displaced from each other, and as a result, the air flow easily. The passage is opened and pressure loss is reduced.
【００１８】上記の物理的刺激は、機械的振動，電気的
振動、パルスエアによる空気圧の利用、音波による空気
振動その他任意の手段を採用することができる。As the physical stimulation, mechanical vibration, electric vibration, use of air pressure by pulse air, air vibration by sound wave, or any other means can be adopted.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例】メインフィルターとして、エレクトレットフ
ィルターＥＡ−６０Ｎ（三井石化株式会社製）を使用し
てヒュームの捕集を開始した。図９の実線に示すよう
に、圧力損失が所定値（１５０ｍｍＡｑ）に達したとき
に、フィルターを左右に振る程度の振動を加えたとこ
ろ、圧力損失は急速に減少して、２０ｍｍＡｑと殆ど当
初の状態に戻り、また処理風量も点線に示すように、同
様に３０ｍ３／ｍｉｎまで回復し、再捕集を開始するこ
とができた。[Examples] As a main filter, an electret filter EA-60N (manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) was used to start collecting fume. As shown by the solid line in FIG. 9, when the pressure loss reached a predetermined value (150 mmAq), when the filter was vibrated to the left and right, the pressure loss rapidly decreased to 20 mmAq, which is almost the original value. After returning to the state, the treated air volume was similarly recovered to 30 m 3 / min as shown by the dotted line, and the recollection could be started.
【００２０】また図１０に、フィルターに振動を与え、
繰り返してヒュームを捕集したときの８回分の圧力損失
の変化を示す。初期の圧力損失は９．５ｍｍＨ２Ｏと低
く、２回目の捕集からの再生後の圧力損失は２０ｍｍＨ
２Ｏ程度になっているが、再生を重ねることによる大幅
な圧力損失の上昇は認められない。また圧力損失が１５
０ｍｍＨ２Ｏに上昇するまでの時間は、１回目８０分に
対し、２回目４８分、３回目１７分と、回数を増す毎に
短くなる傾向が見られる。Further, in FIG. 10, vibration is applied to the filter,
The change in pressure loss for eight times when repeatedly collecting the fume is shown. The initial pressure loss is as low as 9.5 mmH 2 O, and the pressure loss after regeneration from the second collection is 20 mmH.
Although it is about 2 O, no significant increase in pressure loss due to repeated regeneration is observed. Also, the pressure loss is 15
The time until the temperature rises to 0 mmH 2 O is 80 minutes for the first time, 48 minutes for the second time, and 17 minutes for the third time, and there is a tendency that the time decreases as the number of times increases.
【００２１】次に、図１１にフィルターに振動を与えつ
つ長時間繰り返し使用したときの再生後の初期圧力損失
変化を示した。フィルターは時間の経過とともに圧力損
失が増加し、約８時間で初期の３倍の３０ｍｍＨ２Ｏに
なっている。この間に捕集したヒュームの重量は約３０
０ｇで、標準的な作業時間で算出したヒューム発生作業
の２日分に相当する。（１日の作業時間を４時間，ヒュ
ーム発生率０．７ｇ／分としたとき。）Next, FIG. 11 shows changes in the initial pressure loss after regeneration when the filter is repeatedly used for a long time while vibrating. The pressure loss of the filter increased with the lapse of time, and reached about 3 times the initial value of 30 mmH 2 O in about 8 hours. The weight of the fume collected during this period is about 30.
At 0 g, it corresponds to two days of fume generation work calculated with standard work time. (When the working time per day is 4 hours and the fume generation rate is 0.7 g / min.)
【００２２】また、図１２に本発明による再生後の初期
圧力損失の変化を、一般の大気塵を捕集したときのエレ
クトレットフィルターＡＳＴＥＲ−５９−９０（日本無
機株式会社製アステルフィルター エレクトレットＥＲ
型）の圧力損失と比較した結果を示した。本発明の圧力
損失の変化は該ＡＳＴＥＲ−５９−９０の上昇カーブと
ほぼ一致していることが判る。このことから、再生後の
初期圧力損失変化は、大気塵を捕集したときと同様の傾
向を有しているといえる。FIG. 12 shows the change in the initial pressure loss after regeneration according to the present invention. The electret filter ASTER-59-90 (Aster Filter Electret ER manufactured by Japan Inorganic Co., Ltd.)
The results are shown in comparison with the pressure loss of the (type). It can be seen that the change in pressure loss of the present invention is substantially in agreement with the rising curve of ASTER-59-90. From this, it can be said that the change in the initial pressure loss after regeneration has the same tendency as that when the atmospheric dust is collected.
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明は金属ヒュ
ームによるフィルターの目詰りを極力防止することがで
きるので、効率的なヒュームの捕集を行うことができ
る。従って特に原子力施設における設備の解体作業に最
適である。As described above, according to the present invention, the clogging of the filter by the metal fume can be prevented as much as possible, so that the fume can be collected efficiently. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for the dismantling work of equipment in nuclear facilities.
【図１】本発明を使用する前置ヒューム捕集装置の平面
図FIG. 1 is a plan view of a front fume trap using the present invention.
【図２】本発明を使用する前置ヒューム捕集装置の正面
図FIG. 2 is a front view of a front fume trap using the present invention.
【図３】本発明を使用する前置ヒューム捕集装置の側面
図FIG. 3 is a side view of a pre-fume collection device using the present invention.
【図４】本発明に使用されるフィルターの平面図FIG. 4 is a plan view of a filter used in the present invention.
【図５】本発明に使用されるフィルターの正面図FIG. 5 is a front view of a filter used in the present invention.
【図６】本発明に使用されるフィルターの側面図FIG. 6 is a side view of the filter used in the present invention.
【図７】本発明におけるヒューム捕集状況を示す説明図FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a fume collection situation in the present invention.
【図８】本発明におけるヒューム捕集状況を示す説明図FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a fume collection situation in the present invention.
【図９】本発明におけるヒューム捕集結果を示すグラフFIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of fume collection in the present invention.
【図１０】本発明方法を繰り返したときの圧力損失の変
化を示すグラフFIG. 10 is a graph showing changes in pressure loss when the method of the present invention is repeated.
【図１１】本発明方法を繰り返したときの圧力損失の変
化を示すグラフFIG. 11 is a graph showing changes in pressure loss when the method of the present invention is repeated.
【図１２】本発明方法と従来法による圧力損失の変化と
を対比して示すグラフFIG. 12 is a graph showing changes in pressure loss by the method of the present invention and the conventional method in comparison.
Ａ 器体 １ 含ヒューム空気入口 ２ 空気出口 ３ メインフィルター ４ スパッタフィルター ５ 観察窓 ６ メインフィルター交換口 ７ スパッタフィルター交換口 A Body 1 Fume-containing air inlet 2 Air outlet 3 Main filter 4 Sputter filter 5 Observation window 6 Main filter exchange port 7 Spatter filter exchange port
Claims (2)
織布繊維を使用する金属ヒューム捕集方法において、該
フィルターに付着したヒュームにより圧力損失が上昇し
て、所定値を超えたとき、該フィルターに物理的刺激を
与え、付着したヒュームの形状を変化させて、圧力損失
を低減させることを特徴とする金属ヒューム捕集方法。1. A metal fume trapping method using non-woven fibers for a filter for trapping metal fume, wherein when the pressure loss increases due to fumes adhering to the filter and exceeds a predetermined value, the filter is physically attached to the filter. A method for collecting metal fume, which comprises applying a physical stimulus to change the shape of the attached fume to reduce the pressure loss.
よることを特徴とする請求項１記載の金属ヒューム捕集
方法。2. The method for collecting metal fume according to claim 1, wherein the physical stimulation means is vibration or beating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4215340A JPH074496B2 (en) | 1992-07-06 | 1992-07-06 | Metal fume collection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4215340A JPH074496B2 (en) | 1992-07-06 | 1992-07-06 | Metal fume collection method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06106015A JPH06106015A (en) | 1994-04-19 |
| JPH074496B2 true JPH074496B2 (en) | 1995-01-25 |
Family
ID=16670682
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4215340A Expired - Lifetime JPH074496B2 (en) | 1992-07-06 | 1992-07-06 | Metal fume collection method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH074496B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007266020A (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2007-10-11 | Nec Corp | Method and device for air-cooling electronic equipment |
| CN110440381A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-12 | 深圳市文地科技有限公司 | A kind of fresh air system being convenient for except haze with automatic replacement function |
-
1992
- 1992-07-06 JP JP4215340A patent/JPH074496B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06106015A (en) | 1994-04-19 |
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