JPH0740219A - Cam grinding method and cam grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To extensively shorten cam grinding time by forming a cam by grinding the overall periphery of the cam after grinding a cam lift part by way of oscillating a ground article in a range of an angle of rotation of the ground article corresponding to the cam lift part. CONSTITUTION:In the case of manufacturing a cam 1, a ground article W to a cam top 1b of which a grinding flap of the maximum value (t) (=t1+t2+t3) is attached and to a base circle 1a of which a grinding flap of t3 is attached is prepapred. Thereafter, at first, lines in the radiative direction drawn from a boundary of the base circle 1a and a cam lift part 1c and a center O of the cam 1, in the case when an angle extending in the base circle 1a with the center O of the cam 1 as its center is made theta1 and an angle extending in the cam lift part 1c is made theta2, oscillates the ground article W within the angle theta2 in the cam lift part 1 and makes the grinding wheel 2 work on it. Thereafter, in the case when a cutting reaches t1+t2, it is changed to rotation in one direction, and furthermore, the overall periphery of the ground article W is ground until the cutting t3 is given. Consequently, it is possible to minimize air cut time and to shorten grinding time.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明はカム研削法及びカム研削
盤に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cam grinding method and a cam grinding machine.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来カムを研削する場合、即ち、被加工
物は少量生産の場合は旋削加工でカム部をカムトップま
での半径に取代を付した円板形状として、その後カム部
をフライス加工で研削代を付して荒仕上加工するか、又
は鍛造或は鋳造で成型された素材を先ずカムレース又は
カムフライスで研削代を残して切削後に研削している。
処が近時は鍛造、鋳造の素材成形精度を向上させ素型材
からカム部を研削のみで仕上げている。これは素型材成
形精度の向上とカムといえども、研削技術の向上により
比較的重研削可能となっているためであり、この場合は
被加工物の素材は予め、鍛造又は鋳造で所要のカムプロ
ファイルに対して研削代の付された形状をしている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the case of grinding a cam, that is, in the case of producing a small amount of workpieces, the cam portion is formed into a disc shape with a radius up to the cam top by a turning process, and then the cam portion is milled. A roughing process is performed with a grinding allowance, or a material formed by forging or casting is first ground with a cam race or a cam mill with a grinding allowance left after cutting.
Recently, the precision of material for forging and casting is improved, and the cam part is finished from the blank material only by grinding. This is because even if the accuracy of forming material is improved and the cam is used, it is possible to perform relatively heavy grinding due to the improvement of grinding technology.In this case, the material of the workpiece is the cam required for forging or casting in advance. The profile has a shape with a grinding allowance.

【０００３】図１２は被加工物Ｗのカム部の断面を示
す。図の鎖線で示す部分は研削後に創成されるカム１の
形状を示し、図の実線部分は被加工物Ｗたる素材の形状
を示す。カム１は中心Ｏに張る角が１８０度よりやや大
きい角θ１の間は基礎円１ａで残りのカム従動子を進退
させる部分はリフト最大のカムトップ１ｂと基礎円１ａ
を結んでカムリフト部１ｃとなっている。本例は内燃機
関の弁開閉用のカムである。カムリフト部１ｃはカム中
心線ＣＬ上に中心０２を置く半径ｒ２の円弧部１ｃ−１
と基礎円１ａ及び円弧部１ｃ−１に接する凸形曲線の腹
部１ｃ−２からできている。このようなカムリフト部１
ｃの形状は得ようとする運動特性、カム従動子の形状等
と併せて多様であり、本例は１例である。FIG. 12 shows a cross section of the cam portion of the workpiece W. The portion indicated by the chain line in the figure shows the shape of the cam 1 created after grinding, and the solid line portion in the figure shows the shape of the material that is the workpiece W. The cam 1 has a base circle 1a during an angle θ1 which is slightly larger than 180 degrees with respect to the center O, and the remaining cam follower moves back and forth. The cam top 1b with the maximum lift and the base circle 1a.
To form a cam lift portion 1c. This example is a cam for opening and closing a valve of an internal combustion engine. The cam lift portion 1c has an arc portion 1c-1 having a radius r2 and having a center 02 on the cam center line CL.
And a convex curved abdomen 1c-2 in contact with the base circle 1a and the arcuate portion 1c-1. Such a cam lift unit 1
The shape of c is various in combination with the motion characteristics to be obtained, the shape of the cam follower, and the like, and this example is one example.

【０００４】従来カムを研削する場合は被加工物を回転
し乍ら、砥石との間隔を変化させて逐次切り込みを与え
てカムを創成している。即ち、あたかも砥石をカム従動
子のようにして被加工物に作用させる。従って、砥石が
被加工物を研削中は最終にスパークアウト状態における
カム、即ち所要のカム１から、一定の砥石後退位置にお
いて被加工物が回転しており、逐次切り込んで行き最終
的にカムプロファィルが形成される。Conventionally, when grinding a cam, the workpiece is rotated to change the distance from the grindstone to successively make cuts to create the cam. That is, the grindstone acts on the workpiece as if it were a cam follower. Therefore, while the grindstone is grinding the work piece, the work piece is rotating from the cam in the spark-out state, that is, the required cam 1 at a constant grindstone retreat position, and the work piece is sequentially cut to finally finish the cam projection. A file is formed.

【０００５】カムプロファィルを得るためには被加工物
の角度送りに対して被加工物と砥石間隔を変える方法と
しては数値制御により、被加工物の回転と砥石台の進退
を連動する方法とマスターカムに被加工物を追従させる
ように支持して研削する方法とがある。何れも被加工物
を一定方向に回転し乍ら、砥石に切り込みを与えること
によりカムプロファィルを創成している。In order to obtain a cam profile, as a method of changing the distance between the work piece and the grindstone with respect to the angular feed of the work piece, there is a method of interlocking the rotation of the work piece and the advance / retreat of the grindstone by numerical control. There is a method of supporting and grinding a workpiece so as to follow the master cam. In each case, the cam profile is created by rotating the workpiece in a certain direction and making a cut in the grindstone.

【０００６】このような被加工物の回転速度は、研削条
件により種々選定されるが内燃機関用のカム軸では６３
〜４５ｒｐｍ程度に選ばれる。The rotation speed of such a work piece is variously selected according to the grinding conditions, but it is 63 for a camshaft for an internal combustion engine.
Approximately 45 rpm is selected.

【０００７】上記のような研削を行う場合は図１３に示
すようにカム１から一定量の後退位置に包絡面を画くよ
うに砥石２が後退した状態から研削されて符号１−１，
１−２，１−３，・・・・のように包絡面が画かれる。
そして研削代の多いカムトップ１ｂをとおる中心線ＣＬ
と交わる黒皮部分から被加工物Ｗが研削され、カムトッ
プ１ｂに隣るカムリフト部１ｃの範囲の黒皮部分が研削
されてカムリフト部１ｃにおける被加工物Ｗの研削範囲
が拡がり、最後に研削代の少ない基礎円１ａ部に対応す
る被加工物の部分が研削される。このような切り込みは
１回転に１回或は連続にて行われる。図１３に断面線で
示すようにカムの研削代はカムトップ１ｂから基礎円１
ａに向って次第に小さくなるように変化している。In the case of performing the above-described grinding, as shown in FIG. 13, the grinding wheel 2 is ground from a state in which the grinding wheel 2 is retracted so as to draw an envelope surface from the cam 1 to a retracted position of a certain amount, and reference numerals 1-1 and 1-1 are used.
The envelope surface is drawn like 1-2, 1-3, ....
And the center line CL passing through the cam top 1b with much grinding allowance
The workpiece W is ground from the black skin portion that intersects with the black top portion, the black skin portion in the range of the cam lift portion 1c adjacent to the cam top 1b is ground, and the grinding range of the workpiece W in the cam lift portion 1c is expanded. The portion of the work piece corresponding to the base circle 1a having a small margin is ground. Such cutting is performed once per rotation or continuously. As shown by the sectional line in FIG. 13, the grinding allowance of the cam is from the cam top 1b to the basic circle 1.
It changes so as to become gradually smaller toward a.

【０００８】[0008]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記においてカムトッ
プ１ｂ近傍を研削している場合、被加工物の１回転につ
いてわずかの角度の間研削作用が行われ大部分は研削作
用が行われていない（エアカットという）。そして逐次
切り込まれることによりカムトップ１ｂより両側へ向っ
てカムリフト部１ｃの研削範囲は拡がって行くがこの際
も最大限３６０°−θ１（ただしθ１は基礎円１ａがカ
ム１の中心Ｏに張る角）の間は研削作用が行われて行く
としても、少くとも被加工物が基礎円１ａと砥石２が対
向する間はエアーカットとなる。即ち、少くとも被加工
物の大略半回転中は研削作用が行われない時間が研削開
始当初に存在する。一方被加工物の回転速度は前述した
ように６３〜４５ｒｐｍと遅いのでエアーカット時間は
大きく、被加工物の回転送りには研削に与らない無駄な
部分の割合が大きい。従って加工時間がきわめて長くか
かるということがある。When the vicinity of the cam top 1b is ground in the above, the grinding action is performed for a small angle for one rotation of the workpiece, and most of the grinding action is not performed ( Air cut). Then, by successively cutting, the grinding range of the cam lift portion 1c expands toward both sides from the cam top 1b, but also at this time, the maximum is 360 ° −θ1 (where θ1 is the base circle 1a extending on the center O of the cam 1). Even if the grinding action is performed during the corners, air cutting is performed at least while the workpiece circles the base circle 1a and the grindstone 2. That is, there is at least the time when the grinding action is not started during the half rotation of the workpiece at the beginning of grinding. On the other hand, since the rotation speed of the workpiece is as low as 63 to 45 rpm as described above, the air cut time is long, and the rotary feed of the workpiece has a large proportion of useless portions not involved in grinding. Therefore, the processing time may be extremely long.

【０００９】このような被加工物においてカムリフト部
に大きな取代を付すのは特に多気筒内燃機関においては
特徴的で各カム間の位相差があっても黒皮が残らないよ
うに研削代を付す必要があり、素材の加工の困難性によ
っている。そして精密鍛造、精密鋳造によってもカムリ
フト部の研削代は基礎円部の研削代よりも大きくしなけ
ればならないことには変らない。It is a characteristic of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine that a large allowance is provided for the cam lift portion in such a workpiece, and a grinding allowance is provided so that black skin does not remain even if there is a phase difference between the cams. It depends on the difficulty of processing the material. Even with precision forging and precision casting, the grinding allowance of the cam lift portion must be larger than the grinding allowance of the basic circle portion.

【００１０】本発明は上記のようなカムを研削するに際
して、エアーカット時間を少くすることにより加工時間
を短縮したカム研削法及びこのカム研削法が実施可能な
カム研削盤を提供することを目的とする。It is an object of the present invention to provide a cam grinding method in which the machining time is shortened by shortening the air cut time when grinding the cam as described above, and a cam grinder capable of carrying out the cam grinding method. And

【００１１】[0011]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の第１の発明は被
加工物の角度送りに対して被加工物と砥石との間隔を変
化させて逐次切り込みを与えて被加工物にカムを形成す
るカム研削法において、カムの回転中心がカム従動子に
変位を与えるカムリフト部に張る中心角とほぼ等しい範
囲以内で被加工物を揺動させて砥石を逐次被加工物に切
り込み、カムのリフト部を研削した後、被加工物を連続
で回転して逐次砥石に切り込みを与えカムを形成するこ
とを特徴とするカム研削法である。According to a first aspect of the present invention, a cam is formed on a work piece by changing the distance between the work piece and a grindstone and sequentially making cuts with respect to angular feed of the work piece. In the cam grinding method, the workpiece is oscillated within a range where the center of rotation of the cam is approximately equal to the central angle of the cam lift that gives displacement to the cam follower, and the grindstone is successively cut into the workpiece to lift the cam. This is a cam grinding method characterized in that after grinding a part, a workpiece is continuously rotated to sequentially cut a grindstone to form a cam.

【００１２】本発明の第２の発明は被加工物の角度送り
に対して被加工物と砥石との間隔を変化させて逐次切り
込みを与えて被加工物にカムを形成するカム研削法にお
いて、カムには一定方向の回転を与え、カムの回転中心
がカム従動子に変位に与えるカムリフト部に張る中心角
とほぼ等しい範囲以内で砥石が研削作用を行うのに適す
る周速を与えるように被加工物に研削送り回転速度を与
え、残りの研削作用を行わないカムの回転中は研削送り
回転速度よりも速い急速送り回転速度を与えることを特
徴とするカム研削法である。A second aspect of the present invention is a cam grinding method for forming a cam on a workpiece by changing the distance between the workpiece and the grindstone with respect to the angular feed of the workpiece to give successive cuts. The cam is rotated in a certain direction, and the center of rotation of the cam is controlled so as to give a peripheral speed suitable for the grinding action within a range substantially equal to the central angle of the cam lift that gives the displacement to the cam follower. It is a cam grinding method characterized in that a grinding feed rotation speed is applied to a workpiece and a rapid feed rotation speed higher than the grinding feed rotation speed is applied during rotation of a cam that does not perform the remaining grinding action.

【００１３】本発明の第３の発明は被加工物と砥石を夫
々電極とし、砥石が被加工物に作用した際に電流の流れ
る閉回路を設け、この閉回路中に電流検出器を配設し、
前記電流検出器の検出信号により、被加工物の回転制御
を行う制御装置を設けたことを特徴とするカム研削盤で
ある。According to a third aspect of the present invention, a workpiece and a grindstone are used as electrodes, and a closed circuit through which a current flows when the grindstone acts on the workpiece is provided, and a current detector is arranged in the closed circuit. Then
The cam grinder is provided with a control device for controlling the rotation of the workpiece according to the detection signal of the current detector.

【００１４】[0014]

【実施例】以下本発明の実施例を図面を用いて説明す
る。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

【００１５】「実施例１」図１はカム１の基礎円１ａと
カムリフト部１ｃの境をカムの中心Ｏから半径方向にと
おる線ＰＨが砥石２の中心ＯＷをとおるカム１の回転位
置をホームポジションとする（ホームポジション位置は
何処でもよいが説明を分かり易くするため）。カム１に
はカムトップ１ｂにおいて最大研削代ｔ＝ｔ１＋ｔ２＋
ｔ３がある。そして基礎円１ａにはｔ３、カムリフト部
の腹部１ｃ−２にｔ２＋ｔ３の研削代がある。[Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 shows a rotational position of the cam 1 where a line PH extending from the center O of the cam in the radial direction at the boundary between the base circle 1a of the cam 1 and the cam lift portion 1c passes through the center OW of the grindstone 2. Position (home position may be anywhere, but for clarity of explanation). For the cam 1, the maximum grinding allowance t = t1 + t2 + at the cam top 1b
There is t3. The basic circle 1a has a grinding allowance of t3, and the abdomen 1c-2 of the cam lift portion has a grinding allowance of t2 + t3.

【００１６】ホームポジションにおいて、カム１の中心
Ｏと砥石２の中心ＯＷ間の図示の距離ＬＯはカム１の基
礎円１ａの半径ｒと砥石２の半径Ｒとカムトップ１ｂに
おける研削代ｔを加えた値である。カム１の中心Ｏと砥
石２の中心ＯＷ間の距離がＬＯにおいて、被加工物が回
転するとカム１の中心Ｏとカムトップ１ｂを結ぶ線の延
長上において被加工物Ｗの素材の黒皮面に砥石２が接す
る関係にある。研削前被加工物Ｗがカム研削盤に装着さ
れた状態ではカム中心Ｏと砥石中心ＯＷ間の距離Ｌ１は
図２に示すように距離ＬＯより大きくなるように砥石２
は後退している。At the home position, the illustrated distance LO between the center O of the cam 1 and the center OW of the grindstone 2 is the radius r of the basic circle 1a of the cam 1, the radius R of the grindstone 2 and the grinding allowance t at the cam top 1b. It is a value. When the distance between the center O of the cam 1 and the center OW of the whetstone 2 is LO, the black skin surface of the material of the workpiece W on the extension of the line connecting the center O of the cam 1 and the cam top 1b when the workpiece rotates. The grindstone 2 is in contact with. When the workpiece W before grinding is mounted on the cam grinder, the distance L1 between the center O of the cam and the center OW of the grindstone is set to be larger than the distance LO as shown in FIG.
Is receding.

【００１７】カム１は図２のホームポジションから図示
矢印イの方向にカムリフト部１ｃがカム１の中心Ｏに張
る角θ２の間回転し、次に逆方向に同角度回転するよう
に揺動する。砥石２を急速前進して次に被加工物に接近
後研削の切込み送り速度で進み、カム１が角θ２揺動す
ると先ず図３に示すようにカム中心Ｏとカムトップ１ｂ
を結ぶ線ＣＬの延長線がとおる被加工物Ｗの黒皮面と砥
石２は接する。更に切り込んで行き図４で示すように砥
石２の切り込みがｔ１となるとカム１の中心Ｏとカムト
ップ１ｂを結ぶ線ＣＬを中心に振り分けて角θ３の間に
おいて被加工物から斜線で示した部分が研削される。更
に切り込みを続け図５に示すように切り込みｔ１＋ｔ２
に達すると図６に断面線で示したようにカムリフト部１
ｃがカム１の中心Ｏに張る角θ２の間が研削される。続
いてカム１は砥石２と同方向回転に変り、カム１は回転
送り速度で送られ、砥石２は切り込まれて基礎円１ａに
おいて被研削物Ｗの黒皮が研削され、更に加えて切り込
みがｔ３に達すると、カム１の全周が創成されて、カム
１の外周がカム形状となり、スパークアウトで所要形状
となる。The cam 1 rotates from the home position in FIG. 2 in the direction of arrow A in the figure for the angle θ2 formed by the cam lift portion 1c with respect to the center O of the cam 1, and then swings so as to rotate in the opposite direction by the same angle. . When the grinding wheel 2 rapidly advances and then approaches the object to be processed and advances at the cutting feed rate for grinding, and the cam 1 swings by the angle θ2, first, as shown in FIG. 3, the cam center O and the cam top 1b.
The grindstone 2 is in contact with the black surface of the workpiece W, which is an extension of the line CL connecting the two. As shown in FIG. 4, when further cutting is performed and the cutting of the grindstone 2 becomes t1, it is divided around the line CL connecting the center O of the cam 1 and the cam top 1b, and the portion shown by the oblique line from the workpiece between the angles θ3. Is ground. Further cutting is continued, and as shown in FIG. 5, cutting t1 + t2
6 reaches the cam lift portion 1 as shown by the sectional line in FIG.
Grinding is performed between the angles θ2 where c extends from the center O of the cam 1. Subsequently, the cam 1 changes to rotate in the same direction as the grindstone 2, the cam 1 is fed at a rotational feed speed, the grindstone 2 is cut and the black skin of the workpiece W is ground in the basic circle 1a, and further cut is made. When t reaches t3, the entire circumference of the cam 1 is created, and the outer circumference of the cam 1 becomes a cam shape, and the required shape is obtained by sparking out.

【００１８】説明の便宜上研削代ｔをｔ１，ｔ２，ｔ３
に分けて説明したが実際には切り込み回数は多く、或は
通常のプランジカットのように連続で切り込み、リンゴ
の皮剥ぎのように研削してもよい。For convenience of description, the grinding allowance t is t1, t2, t3.
Although it has been described separately, the number of cuts is large in practice, or the cuts may be continuously cut like a normal plunge cut and ground like peeling an apple.

【００１９】「実施例２」実施例１ではカムリフト部１
ｃに対応する部分を研削する際、カムリフト部１ｃがカ
ム１の中心Ｏに張る角θ２の間被加工物Ｗを角θ２揺動
させている。このような揺動を行うと切り込みｔ１の研
削に際してはカムトップ１ｂ部側の大略θ３（図１参照
カムリフト部１ｃの円弧部１ｃ−１と腹部１ｃ−ｂの境
がカム１の中心Ｏに張る角）の回転角の間は研削作用が
行われるが大略角θ２−θ３の間はエアーカットとなる
無駄がある。本実施例では後述の数値制御装置又はカム
研削盤等の装置を用いて被加工物の回転により被加工物
が研削され、研削作業が終って砥石２と被加工物が接触
しなくなると被加工物を逆転させるようにする。[Second Embodiment] In the first embodiment, the cam lift portion 1 is used.
When the portion corresponding to c is ground, the workpiece W is swung by the angle θ2 during the angle θ2 that the cam lift portion 1c extends from the center O of the cam 1. When such swinging is performed, when grinding the notch t1, approximately θ3 on the cam top 1b portion side (the boundary between the arcuate portion 1c-1 and the abdominal portion 1c-b of the cam lift portion 1c extends to the center O of the cam 1 in FIG. 1). The grinding action is performed during the rotation angle (angle), but there is a waste of air cutting during the angle θ2-θ3. In this embodiment, the workpiece is ground by the rotation of the workpiece using a device such as a numerical control device or a cam grinder described later, and when the grinding work is finished and the grindstone 2 and the workpiece are no longer in contact with each other, the workpiece is processed. Try to reverse things.

【００２０】次にこの研削方法を説明する。Next, this grinding method will be described.

【００２１】図１におけるホームポジションにおいて研
削が始まる前にはカム１の中心Ｏと砥石中心ＯＷ間の距
離は距離Ｌ０より大きくなるように砥石２は後退して図
２のようにカム１の中心Ｏと砥石２の中心ＯＷは距離Ｌ
１となっている。Before the start of grinding at the home position in FIG. 1, the grindstone 2 moves backward so that the distance between the center O of the cam 1 and the grindstone center OW becomes larger than the distance L0, and the center of the cam 1 as shown in FIG. O and the center OW of the grindstone 2 are distance L
It is 1.

【００２２】図７に示すようにカム１はカム１の中心Ｏ
とカムトップ１ｂを結ぶ線ＣＬが砥石２の中心ＯＷとカ
ム１の中心Ｏを結ぶ線が一致する位置を中心として、切
り込みｔ１が与えられたときに研削される範囲の角θ３
より大きい角度θ３′（図８参照）の間急速度で揺動さ
せる。砥石２を急速前進して被加工物Ｗに接近後研削の
切り込み送り速度で進み、カム１が角θ３′揺動してい
るのでカム１の中心Ｏとカムトップ１ｂを結ぶ線ＣＬの
延長線が被加工物Ｗの黒皮と交わる点又はその両側のど
ちらかで砥石２と被加工物は接して研削が始まる。切り
込みは連続して行われており、予め設定した切り込みｔ
１に達すると、ここで図８に示すように被加工物Ｗが矢
印ロの方向へ回転し研削されている状態から砥石２が被
加工物より離れてエアーカットに入ると、後述の装置実
施例４又は５により、被加工物は逆回転して矢印ハの方
向に向う。As shown in FIG. 7, the cam 1 has a center O of the cam 1.
And a line CL connecting the cam top 1b and a line connecting the center OW of the grindstone 2 and the center O of the cam 1 coincide with each other, and an angle θ3 of a range ground when a cut t1 is provided.
It is swung at a rapid speed for a larger angle θ3 ′ (see FIG. 8). The grindstone 2 rapidly advances to approach the workpiece W and then advances at the cutting feed rate for grinding, and the cam 1 swings at the angle θ3 ′. Therefore, an extension line of the line CL connecting the center O of the cam 1 and the cam top 1b. The grinding stone 2 and the work piece come into contact with each other at either the point where the black crosses the work piece W or both sides thereof, and grinding starts. The cuts are performed continuously, and the preset cut t
When it reaches 1, when the grindstone 2 separates from the work piece and enters the air cut from the state in which the work piece W rotates in the direction of the arrow B and is ground as shown in FIG. According to Example 4 or 5, the work piece rotates in the reverse direction and faces in the direction of arrow C.

【００２３】砥石２の切り込みは連続しているのでこれ
以後は砥石２が被加工物Ｗより離れる毎に被加工物Ｗを
逆回転させることを連続する。このことにより、被加工
物Ｗの揺動角はカムＯの中心とカムトップ１ｂを結ぶ線
ＣＬを揺動を振り分ける二等分線として次第に増加し、
図９に示すようにカムリフト部１ｃにおける黒皮が全部
取り去られた状態では研削作用開始からの切り込みの総
計はｔ１＋ｔ２に達し、被加工物Ｗは角θ２揺動する。
この後、砥石２の切り込みがｔ１＋ｔ２に達したことで
もって、或は被加工物Ｗの揺動角がθ２に達したことで
もって、被加工物Ｗは砥石２と同方向の回転方向で一方
向に回転を始め、更なる切り込みｔ３によってカム１の
形状に達する。Since the cutting of the grindstone 2 is continuous, thereafter, every time the grindstone 2 is separated from the workpiece W, the workpiece W is continuously rotated in the reverse direction. As a result, the swing angle of the workpiece W gradually increases as a bisector dividing the swing of the line CL connecting the center of the cam O and the cam top 1b.
As shown in FIG. 9, in the state where the black skin in the cam lift portion 1c is completely removed, the total cutting depth from the start of the grinding action reaches t1 + t2, and the workpiece W swings at the angle θ2.
After that, because the cut of the grindstone 2 reaches t1 + t2 or the swing angle of the work W reaches θ2, the work W is rotated in the same direction as the grindstone 2. Direction, and reaches the shape of the cam 1 by a further cut t3.

【００２４】上述において切り込みがｔ１＋ｔ２に達し
たことの検出は砥石２を担持する砥石台をねじ送り装置
を介してサーボモータで駆動し、サーボモータを数値制
御することにより得られる。或は被加工物を支持する加
工物主軸台の加工物主軸をサーボモータで駆動し、同軸
にエンコーダを備えて数値制御装置へフィードバックす
るように角θ２を検出してもよい。In the above description, the detection that the cut has reached t1 + t2 can be obtained by driving the grindstone base carrying the grindstone 2 with the servomotor via the screw feeding device and numerically controlling the servomotor. Alternatively, the workpiece spindle of the workpiece spindle supporting the workpiece may be driven by a servomotor, and the angle θ2 may be detected so as to be coaxially provided with an encoder and fed back to the numerical controller.

【００２５】「実施例３」実施例１，２はカムリフト部
のみの研削の際にカムリフト部１ｃを含む範囲がカム１
の中心Ｏに張る角θ２以内の角度以内で砥石２に対向し
て揺動させた。本実施例３は被加工物Ｗを一方向回転さ
せ、砥石２がカムリフト部１ｃに対する部分において切
り込まれ、研削作用がカムリフト部１ｃに対して行われ
る範囲では被加工物Ｗの回転速度を研削送り回転速度ω
１とし、基礎円１ａに対して行われるエアーカットの範
囲では被加工物Ｗの回転速度を早送り回転速度ω２と
し、所定の切り込みｔ１＋ｔ２に達した後は被加工物Ｗ
を研削送り回転速度ω１とする。[Third Embodiment] In the first and second embodiments, the cam 1 is in the range including the cam lift portion 1c when grinding only the cam lift portion.
The grindstone 2 was swung so as to face the grindstone 2 within an angle within an angle θ2 of the center O. In the third embodiment, the workpiece W is rotated in one direction, the grindstone 2 is cut in a portion corresponding to the cam lift portion 1c, and the rotation speed of the workpiece W is ground in a range in which the grinding action is performed on the cam lift portion 1c. Feed rotation speed ω
1, the rotational speed of the workpiece W is set to the rapid feed rotational speed ω2 in the range of the air cut performed on the base circle 1a, and the workpiece W is cut after the predetermined cut t1 + t2 is reached.
Is the grinding feed rotation speed ω1.

【００２６】或は以下のようにしてもよい。砥石２と被
加工物Ｗが研削作用に入ると被加工物Ｗは研削送り回転
速度ω１とし、砥石２と被加工物が研削作用から脱して
離れると早送り回転速度ω２に変更する。これによっ
て、カムトップ１ｂ付近の被加工物の研削では被加工物
の研削送り回転速度ω１の持続回転角度と持続時間は短
く、エアーカットの持続回転角度は大きいものとなる。Alternatively, the following may be performed. When the grindstone 2 and the work piece W enter the grinding action, the work piece W is changed to the grinding feed rotation speed ω1, and when the grindstone 2 and the work piece are separated from the grinding action, the feed speed is changed to the fast feed rotation speed ω2. As a result, in grinding the workpiece near the cam top 1b, the continuous rotation angle and duration of the grinding feed rotation speed ω1 of the workpiece is short, and the continuous rotation angle of the air cut is large.

【００２７】従ってエアーカットによる経過時間が短く
なるため、全加工時間は短くなる。そしてカムリフト部
１ｃに対応する範囲では砥石２が作用している被加工物
Ｗの回転角度は次第に大きくなるが尚エアーカットの持
続回転角度は大きいが早送り回転速度ω２で経過するの
で持続時間は小さい。この研削方法では切り込みが最後
の切り込みｔ３に入って基礎円１ａ部分を研削する際に
連続切り込みを行っていると、基礎円１ａ部のカム１の
中心Ｏを中心とする半径ｒ＋ｔ３の所定の被加工物黒皮
表面は凹凸があるので基礎円１ａ部分における被加工物
の研削始めには黒皮表面に砥石２が作用する度に研削送
り回転速度ω１となり、又エアーカットになる度に早送
り回転速度ω２となるので基礎円１ａ部分に対応する角
θ１の間被加工物Ｗに砥石２が作用する状態では研削送
り回転速度ω１と早送り回転速度ω１の頻繁なくり返し
となり振動が生ずるおそれがある。そこで切り込みｔ１
＋ｔ２となった状態においてこの切り込みｔ１＋ｔ２又
は回転角がθ２になったことを検出して被加工物Ｗを基
礎円１ａのカム１の中心Ｏに張る角θ１に相当する部分
が砥石２の作用状態で通過する間は切削送り回転速度ω
１に切り換えるようにすることにより解決が計られる。
つまり、連続して研削送り回転速度ω１とすることにす
る。Therefore, since the elapsed time due to the air cut is shortened, the total processing time is shortened. In the range corresponding to the cam lift portion 1c, the rotation angle of the workpiece W on which the grindstone 2 acts gradually increases, but the continuous rotation angle of the air cut is large, but the continuous time is small because the rapid feed rotation speed ω2 elapses. . In this grinding method, when the cut enters the last cut t3 and the continuous cut is made when grinding the portion of the basic circle 1a, when the basic circle 1a portion has a predetermined radius r + t3 with the center O of the cam 1 as the center. Since the black surface of the workpiece has irregularities, the grinding feed rotation speed is ω1 every time the grindstone 2 acts on the surface of the workpiece at the beginning of grinding of the workpiece in the basic circle 1a, and the rapid feed rotation is performed every time the air is cut. Since the speed is ω2, when the grindstone 2 acts on the workpiece W during the angle θ1 corresponding to the portion of the basic circle 1a, the grinding feed rotation speed ω1 and the rapid feed rotation speed ω1 may be repeatedly returned and vibration may occur. There is a cut t1
When the cut t1 + t2 or the rotation angle becomes θ2 in the state of + t2, the portion corresponding to the angle θ1 extending the workpiece W to the center O of the cam 1 of the base circle 1a corresponds to the working state of the grindstone 2. Cutting feed rotation speed ω
The solution is measured by switching to 1.
That is, the grinding feed rotation speed ω1 is continuously set.

【００２８】上記の被加工物Ｗの１回転中における回転
速度の制御は被加工物Ｗを支持する加工物主軸台の加工
物主軸をサーボモータで駆動すると共に同軸にエンコー
ダを備え、数値制御装置でサーボアンプを介してサーボ
モータを駆動し、エンコーダで被加工物Ｗの回転位置を
フィードバックすればよい。又砥石２は砥石２を担持す
る砥石台をねじ送り装置を介してサーボモータで駆動
し、このサーボモータを前記数値制御装置で駆動し、砥
石切り込みがｔ１＋ｔ２になるまではカムリフト部１ｃ
に相当する部分の被加工物Ｗの砥石２が作用研削時のみ
研削送り回転速度ω１とするように予め数値制御装置に
プログラムとして入力しておけばよい。即ち、カム１の
中心Ｏとカムトップ１ｂを結ぶ線ＣＬを二等分線とし
て、カム１の中心Ｏを頂点として張る角が零からカムリ
フト部１ｃと基礎円１ａとの境界における同中心Ｏから
の半径方向の線がカム１の中心Ｏを頂点として張る角θ
２になるまで被加工物Ｗの回転角を切り込みに従って次
第に増加させるプログラムを入力すればよい。或は後述
の実施例５で説明する装置により制御してもよい。The rotation speed of the workpiece W during one rotation is controlled by driving the workpiece spindle of the workpiece headstock supporting the workpiece W by a servomotor and coaxially providing an encoder. Then, the servo motor may be driven via the servo amplifier, and the rotational position of the workpiece W may be fed back by the encoder. Further, the grindstone 2 drives a grindstone base carrying the grindstone 2 by a servomotor via a screw feeding device, and this servomotor is driven by the numerical control device, and the cam lift portion 1c is driven until the grindstone cut becomes t1 + t2.
The program may be input in advance to the numerical control device as a program so that the grinding stone 2 of the workpiece W in the portion corresponding to (3) is set to the grinding feed rotation speed ω1 only during the working grinding. That is, the line CL connecting the center O of the cam 1 and the cam top 1b is made into a bisector, and the angle extending from the center O of the cam 1 to the apex is zero to the same center O at the boundary between the cam lift portion 1c and the base circle 1a. Of the radius O of the cam 1 with the center O of the cam 1 as the apex
It is only necessary to input a program for gradually increasing the rotation angle of the workpiece W according to the cut until the number becomes 2. Alternatively, it may be controlled by the device described in Embodiment 5 below.

【００２９】「実施例４」以下、本発明の実施例４を図
１０に従って説明する。図１０は模式的に示す３軸数値
制御によりカムプロファイルを形成する数値制御カム研
削盤の平面図である。この数値制御カム研削盤は制御装
置を除き従来例と同様機台３上で左右に往復動するよう
にテーブル４を備え、テーブル４上に加工物主軸台５、
心押台６を固定し、加工物主軸台５に回転自在に支持さ
れた加工物主軸７と心押台６に取付けたセンタ８との間
で被加工物Ｗが加工物主軸（Ｃ軸）回転用サーボモータ
９により回転駆動されるように支持されている。[Fourth Embodiment] A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a plan view of a numerical control cam grinder that forms a cam profile by three-axis numerical control shown schematically. This numerically controlled cam grinding machine is provided with a table 4 so as to reciprocate left and right on a machine base 3 as in the conventional example except for a control device, and a workpiece headstock 5 is mounted on the table 4.
A workpiece W is a work spindle (C axis) between a work spindle 7 rotatably supported by a work spindle 5 with a tailstock 6 fixed and a center 8 attached to the tailstock 6. It is supported so as to be rotationally driven by a rotation servomotor 9.

【００３０】砥石台１１は被加工物Ｗに直交する方向で
被加工物Ｗに対して進退する様に、機台３上に設けた摺
動台１２に担持され、摺動台１２は図示されないねじ送
り装置を介してＸ軸（砥石台１１送り）サーボモータ１
３により駆動される。砥石２は砥石台１１に回転自在に
支持されている。砥石修正台１４は、砥石台１１の進退
方向と同一方向に進退する様に、砥石台１１上に設けら
れた摺動台に担持され、図示されていないねじ送り装置
を介してＹ軸サーボモータ１５により駆動される。ダイ
ヤモンド工具Ｄは砥石修正台１４に回転自在に支持され
ている。The grindstone base 11 is carried by a slide base 12 provided on the machine base 3 so as to advance and retreat with respect to the work W in a direction orthogonal to the work W, and the slide base 12 is not shown. X-axis (grind head 11 feed) servo motor 1 via screw feed device
Driven by 3. The grindstone 2 is rotatably supported by a grindstone base 11. The grindstone correction base 14 is carried by a slide base provided on the grindstone base 11 so as to advance and retreat in the same direction as the advancing and retreating direction of the grindstone base 11, and a Y-axis servomotor is mounted via a screw feeding device (not shown). Driven by 15. The diamond tool D is rotatably supported by the grindstone correcting base 14.

【００３１】１６は機台３に固定したＺ軸（テーブル４
の送り用）のサーボモータであって被加工物Ｗの各カム
Ｗ１，Ｗ２・・・・（前各実施例の符号１はこの内の１
つ）の位置を砥石２に位置決めする。16 is a Z-axis (table 4) fixed to the machine base 3.
Servo motors for feeding the workpieces) and each of the cams W1, W2 of the workpiece W ... (the reference numeral 1 in each of the preceding embodiments is 1 of these)
Position) to the grindstone 2.

【００３２】Ｃ軸サーボモータ９を変速回転して、カム
Ｗｉ（ｉ：１，２，３，４）の砥石２の研削作用部にお
ける研削送り、即ち周速がほぼ一定になるようにし被加
工物Ｗを回転し、Ｘ軸サーボモータ１３をＣ軸サーボモ
ータ９の回転角に関連ずけて駆動して所要カム形状に創
成すると共に切り込みを行なう。The C-axis servomotor 9 is rotated at a variable speed so that the grinding feed of the grinding wheel 2 of the cam Wi (i: 1, 2, 3, 4), that is, the peripheral speed becomes substantially constant, and the workpiece is machined. The object W is rotated and the X-axis servomotor 13 is driven in association with the rotation angle of the C-axis servomotor 9 to create a desired cam shape and make a cut.

【００３３】砥石修正切り込みは１個乃至数個のカムを
研削する度にダイヤモンド工具ＤをＹ軸サーボモータ１
５により駆動することにより行なう。The grindstone correction cut is made by setting the diamond tool D to the Y-axis servomotor 1 every time one or several cams are ground.
It is performed by driving with 5.

【００３４】修正補正切り込みは、修正を行なう度に、
砥石台１１をＸ軸サーボモータ１３により駆動する事に
より行なう。The correction correction cut is made every time correction is made.
This is performed by driving the grindstone base 11 by the X-axis servomotor 13.

【００３５】各サーボモータ９，１３，１５，１６は数
値制御装置１７により制御される。カム１のプロファイ
ルを創成するための入力装置１９で数値制御装置１７へ
入力するプログラムは従来例と同様Ｃ軸サーボモータ９
とＸ軸サーボモータ１３を関連ずけて駆動するようにす
るものである。本発明ではカムプロファイルの創成は上
記同様で更に被加工物Ｗの回転角を研削作用範囲に限定
して揺動し、或は回転速度を研削作用中とエアーカット
中で異にする。Each servo motor 9, 13, 15, 16 is controlled by a numerical controller 17. The program input to the numerical controller 17 by the input device 19 for creating the profile of the cam 1 is the C-axis servomotor 9 as in the conventional example.
And the X-axis servomotor 13 are driven independently of each other. In the present invention, the creation of the cam profile is the same as above, and the rotation angle of the workpiece W is further swung with the rotation range limited to the grinding action range, or the rotation speed is made different between the grinding action and the air cut.

【００３６】数値制御装置１７のみにて上記を実現する
には以下、何れも入力装置１９でプログラムを入力して
所望の運動を行う。実施例１では砥石２が切り込みｔ１
に達するまでカム１の中心Ｏを中心としてカムトップ１
ｂの両側に張る角θ３の間を研削するように被加工物Ｗ
を揺動する。そのため、角度θ３のみ被加工物Ｗが揺動
回転するようにＣ軸サーボモータ９を正逆回転し、その
回転角をＣ軸サーボモータ９と同軸のエンコーダ１８で
検出してカムプロファイルの内カムリフト部１ｃのカム
トップ部付近を創成するようにＸ軸サーボモータ１３を
駆動し同時にＸ軸サーボモータ１３に切り込み送りを加
え砥石切り込みがｔ１に達した後はＣ軸サーボモータ９
でもって被加工物Ｗの揺動角をθ２に変更し切込みｔ１
＋ｔ２に達した処でＣ軸サーボモータ９を一方向回転に
切り変えて被加工物Ｗを一方向に３６０度連続研削送り
回転速度ω１で回転して切り込みｔ３分切り込んでスパ
ークアウトで研削完了する。In order to realize the above with the numerical control device 17 alone, a program is input through the input device 19 to perform a desired motion. In the first embodiment, the grindstone 2 makes a cut t1.
Cam top 1 centered on the center O of cam 1 until reaching
Workpiece W is ground so as to grind between angles θ3 extending on both sides of b.
Rock. Therefore, the C-axis servomotor 9 is rotated forward and reverse so that the workpiece W swings and rotates only by the angle θ3, and the rotation angle is detected by the encoder 18 coaxial with the C-axis servomotor 9 to detect the cam lift within the cam profile. The X-axis servo motor 13 is driven so as to create the vicinity of the cam top portion of the portion 1c, and at the same time, the cutting feed is added to the X-axis servo motor 13 and after the grindstone cutting reaches t1, the C-axis servo motor 9
Therefore, the swing angle of the workpiece W is changed to θ2 and the cut t1
When + t2 is reached, the C-axis servomotor 9 is switched to one direction rotation, and the workpiece W is rotated in one direction at 360 ° continuous grinding feed rotation speed ω1 and is cut for t3 cuts to complete the spark-out grinding. .

【００３７】実施例２では砥石２の切り込みが研削始め
からｔ１＋ｔ２に達するまでの間、砥石台１１をＸ軸サ
ーボモータ１３で進退し乍ら且つ切り込み送りを与える
ように制御し乍ら、Ｃ軸サーボモータ９をカムリフト部
１ｃのカムトップ１ｂに砥石２が被加工物Ｗに研削作用
を始めて後に、被加工物Ｗに生ずる研削範囲がカム１の
中心Ｏを中心として張る角が次第に増加するのに応じて
被加工物Ｗの揺動回転角度を正逆転制御し、砥石２が切
り込みｔ１＋ｔ２に達した後にはＣ軸サーボモータ９を
砥石２と被加工物Ｗが同方向回転且つ被加工物Ｗが研削
送り回転速度で回転するように駆動すればよい。In the second embodiment, the grinding wheel base 11 is moved forward and backward by the X-axis servomotor 13 while the cutting of the grinding wheel 2 reaches t1 + t2 from the start of grinding, and the C-axis is controlled. After the servomotor 9 starts the grinding action on the work W by the cam top 1b of the cam lift portion 1c and the grindstone 2 starts the grinding action on the work W, the angle formed by the grinding range of the work W around the center O of the cam 1 gradually increases. According to the above, the swinging rotation angle of the workpiece W is controlled in the forward and reverse directions, and after the grindstone 2 reaches the cut t1 + t2, the C-axis servomotor 9 rotates the grindstone 2 and the workpiece W in the same direction and the work W Should be driven so as to rotate at the grinding feed rotation speed.

【００３８】被加工物Ｗを常に一方向回転して研削する
実施例３では予め被加工物Ｗのカム部の研削代に基づい
てカムリフト部１ｃに対応する研削範囲においてカムト
ップ１ｂに対応する位置から砥石２が被加工物Ｗを研削
し始め、次第に研削範囲が拡がる状態に基づいてカムリ
フト部１ｃに対応する範囲において砥石２が研削作用を
している間のみ研削送り回転速度ω１となるようにＣ軸
サーボモータ９を駆動して回転し、残りの回転角は研削
送り回転方向と同方向に急速送り回転速度ω２となるよ
うに駆動し、切り込みがｔ１＋ｔ２に達した後は研削送
り回転速度ω１となるようにし、更にｔ３切り込んでス
パークアウトして研削を完了する。In the third embodiment in which the workpiece W is always rotated in one direction and ground, the position corresponding to the cam top 1b in advance in the grinding range corresponding to the cam lift portion 1c based on the grinding allowance of the cam portion of the workpiece W in advance. The grindstone 2 starts to grind the workpiece W, and the grinding feed rotational speed ω1 is set only while the grindstone 2 is performing the grinding action in the range corresponding to the cam lift portion 1c based on the state in which the grinding range gradually expands. The C-axis servomotor 9 is driven to rotate, and the remaining rotation angle is driven so as to have a rapid feed rotation speed ω2 in the same direction as the grinding feed rotation direction, and after the cutting reaches t1 + t2, the grinding feed rotation speed ω1. Then, t3 is further cut to spark out and the grinding is completed.

【００３９】「実施例５」実施例４では被加工物が研削
される際に被加工物が回転する角度を砥石２の累積切り
込み量に従って変化させるためには予め入力装置から数
値制御装置へ入力しておかなければならない。しかし乍
ら、一つのカムについても砥石研削作用面が画く包絡
面、即ち、カム１の周面に対して法線方向に与えた研削
代ｔ１，ｔ２，ｔ３に対して被加工物Ｗの回転角と切り
込み状態を解析しておかねばならず、カム１の形状が、
カムＷ１，Ｗ２，Ｗ３・・・Ｗ６とあるように同一被加
工物Ｗ上で異なり、或は被加工物Ｗが異なるためカム形
状が異なるということがあるからプログラムが繁雑とな
り、プログラム作成に多大の労力が必要となってしま
う。又、マスターカムを用いた倣い研削盤においては実
施例１に対応するため被加工物Ｗと同軸上に回転ドッグ
プレートを設けて回転ドッグプレート上のドッグでリミ
ットスイッチ或は近接スイッチを制御してカムリフト１
ｃ部に対応する回転角の間のみ切削送り回転速度にする
ことができる。しかし乍ら、実施例２，３にあるように
切削送り回転速度ω１で回転送りを与える回転角の範囲
が可変のように制御することは困難である。[Fifth Embodiment] In the fourth embodiment, in order to change the angle of rotation of the workpiece when the workpiece is ground in accordance with the cumulative cut amount of the grindstone 2, the input device inputs in advance to the numerical controller. I have to keep it. However, even with respect to one cam, the rotation of the workpiece W with respect to the envelope surface delineated by the grinding wheel grinding surface, that is, the grinding allowances t1, t2, t3 given in the direction normal to the circumferential surface of the cam 1. It is necessary to analyze the corner and the cut state, and the shape of the cam 1
Since the cams W1, W2, W3, ... W6 are different on the same workpiece W, or the workpieces W are different and the cam shapes are different, the program becomes complicated, and it is very difficult to create a program. Labor is required. Further, in the copying grinding machine using the master cam, in order to correspond to the first embodiment, a rotary dog plate is provided coaxially with the workpiece W, and the limit switch or the proximity switch is controlled by the dog on the rotary dog plate. Cam lift 1
The cutting feed rotation speed can be set only during the rotation angle corresponding to the portion c. However, as in Examples 2 and 3, it is difficult to control the range of the rotation angle at which the cutting feed rotation speed ω1 is applied so as to be variable.

【００４０】この実施例では数値制御カム研削盤におい
ては研削範囲の角度を予めプログラムとして入力する必
要がなく、倣いカム研削盤においても研削範囲の角度を
次第に変化可能なカム研削盤を提供できる。In this embodiment, it is not necessary to input the angle of the grinding range as a program in advance in the numerically controlled cam grinder, and it is possible to provide the cam grinder in which the angle of the grinding range can be gradually changed even in the copying cam grinder.

【００４１】図１１は一部断面図を含むフローシートで
ある。FIG. 11 is a flow sheet including a partial sectional view.

【００４２】砥石軸２１は図１０で説明した砥石台１１
に備えられるものであり、砥石軸２１には砥石２が取り
付けてある。本例では砥石２は導電性砥石例えばＣＧ砥
石であって、砥石２の中心孔には砥石成型時一体に金属
性のリング２ａが嵌め込まれている。このリング２ａに
ショルダー部２２ａを嵌め込んで硬質合成樹脂絶縁材２
２が砥石２の両端面に接し、絶縁材２２は砥石アダプタ
２５のボス２５ａに嵌合し、砥石アダプタ２５のボス２
５ａに嵌合する円板状の砥石フランジ２６と砥石アダプ
タ２５のフランジ部２５ｂで挟まれており、砥石アダプ
タ２５のフランジ部２５ｂ、絶縁材２２、砥石フランジ
２６を挿通する通しボルトナット２７により締め込まれ
ている。そして砥石アダプタ２５は砥石軸２１の先端部
に嵌合し、砥石軸２１と砥石アダプタ２５にわたるキー
２８で回り止めされ、砥石軸２１にねじ込んだナット２
９により、砥石アダプタ２５が固定されることにより、
砥石２が砥石軸２１に固定されている。The grindstone shaft 21 is the grindstone base 11 described in FIG.
And the grindstone 2 is attached to the grindstone shaft 21. In this example, the grindstone 2 is a conductive grindstone, for example, a CG grindstone, and a metal ring 2a is integrally fitted into the center hole of the grindstone 2 when the grindstone is molded. The shoulder portion 22a is fitted into the ring 2a, and the hard synthetic resin insulating material 2
2 is in contact with both end surfaces of the grindstone 2, and the insulating material 22 is fitted into the boss 25a of the grindstone adapter 25.
It is sandwiched between a disk-shaped grindstone flange 26 that fits in 5a and a flange portion 25b of the grindstone adapter 25, and is tightened with a through bolt nut 27 that inserts the flange portion 25b of the grindstone adapter 25, the insulating material 22, and the grindstone flange 26. It is embedded. Then, the whetstone adapter 25 is fitted to the tip end portion of the whetstone shaft 21, is prevented from rotating by the key 28 extending over the whetstone shaft 21 and the whetstone adapter 25, and is screwed into the whetstone shaft 21.
By fixing the whetstone adapter 25 by 9,
The grindstone 2 is fixed to the grindstone shaft 21.

【００４３】砥石２のリング２ａには両端のみ被覆のな
い被覆電線のリード線３２の一端が固定されて、リード
線３２は絶縁材２２間を半径方向へ配され、砥石軸２１
の半径方向の穴を絶縁状態で中心側へ挿通し、砥石軸２
１の中心孔２１ａを砥石軸後部へ向って延出され、砥石
軸２１の後端に砥石軸２１に対して絶縁材３３を介して
固定されたスリップリング３４に向って砥石軸２１に対
して絶縁状態で砥石軸２１を半径方向に挿通して、絶縁
材３３を貫通してスリップリング３４に固定されてい
る。One end of a lead wire 32 of a covered electric wire whose both ends are not covered is fixed to the ring 2a of the grindstone 2, and the lead wire 32 is arranged between the insulating materials 22 in the radial direction.
Insert the hole in the radial direction of
1 of the central hole 21a toward the rear part of the grindstone shaft, toward the rear end of the grindstone shaft 21 toward the slip ring 34 fixed via the insulating material 33 to the grindstone shaft 21 with respect to the grindstone shaft 21 In the insulated state, the grindstone shaft 21 is inserted in the radial direction, penetrates the insulating material 33, and is fixed to the slip ring 34.

【００４４】スリップリング３４に対してはばね力で接
するブラシ３５は電流検出器３６に結合され、電流検出
器３６は被加工物Ｗに導通する例えば心押台６に結ばれ
ている。これによって砥石２と被加工物Ｗが接すると砥
石２−リング２ａ−リード線３２−スリップリング３４
−ブラシ−３５−電流検出器３６−心押台６−センタ８
−被加工物Ｗと閉回路が構成される。この閉回路のブラ
シ３５と電流検出器３６の間には電源３７が介装されて
いる。電流検出器３６の検出した信号は数値制御装置１
７の補助機能の回路に送られるように配線されている。A brush 35, which is in contact with the slip ring 34 by a spring force, is connected to a current detector 36, and the current detector 36 is connected to the tailstock 6, which is electrically connected to the workpiece W. As a result, when the grindstone 2 contacts the workpiece W, the grindstone 2-ring 2a-lead wire 32-slip ring 34
-Brush-35-Current detector 36-Tailstock 6-Center 8
A work piece W and a closed circuit are constructed. A power supply 37 is interposed between the brush 35 and the current detector 36 in this closed circuit. The signal detected by the current detector 36 is the numerical controller 1
7 is routed so as to be sent to the circuit of the auxiliary function.

【００４５】加工物主軸７は図示されない歯車列を介し
てＣ軸サーボモータ９の出力軸に固定されている。本例
においては砥石台１１の進退はＸ軸サーボモータ１３に
より行われる。倣いカム研削盤では被加工物Ｗが砥石２
に向って進退する。The workpiece spindle 7 is fixed to the output shaft of a C-axis servomotor 9 via a gear train (not shown). In this example, the whetstone head 11 is moved back and forth by the X-axis servomotor 13. In the copy cam grinder, the workpiece W is the grindstone 2
Move back and forth.

【００４６】上記構成における作用を説明する。The operation of the above configuration will be described.

【００４７】Ｃ軸サーボモータ９が数値制御装置１７に
より駆動され、歯車列を介して加工物主軸７が駆動され
ると加工物主軸７は被加工物Ｗを回転する。被加工物Ｗ
の回転角に従って数値制御装置１７はＸ軸サーボモータ
１３を駆動して砥石台１１を進退して被加工物Ｗにカム
１のリフト変化に応じた運動をし乍ら急速前進して、被
加工物Ｗのカム１の部分の取代ｔを付した外周に接近す
ると切り込み送り速度に変る。この切り込み送りと同時
に被加工物Ｗは一旦早送り回転速度ω２に制御される。
ここで、被加工物Ｗのカムトップ１ｂ付近で先ず研削が
始まる。砥石２が被加工物Ｗに接すると、砥石２−リン
グ２ａ−リード線３２−スリップリング３４−ブラシ３
５−電流検出器３６−心押台６−センタ８−被加工物Ｗ
と閉回路が構成され、電源３７により、この閉回路に電
流が流れる。電流検出器３６は電流を検出した信号を０
から１へのＨ能動信号として数値制御装置１７の補助機
能の回路へ送り、数値制御装置１７はＣ軸サーボモータ
９を減速して被加工物Ｗの研削部即ち、カム１のカムト
ップ１ｂ部付近における周速を研削送り速度になるよう
に制御する。被加工物Ｗの回転により、カム１のカムト
ップ部１ｂ付近の被加工物は研削されて砥石２が被加工
物Ｗと離れると、前記した砥石２−リング２ａ−リード
線３２−スリップリング３４−電流検出器３６−心押台
６−センタ８−被加工物Ｗの閉回路は回路が開成するの
で電流検出器３６はＨからＬへのＬ能動信号として数値
制御装置１７の補助機能の回路へ送る。When the C-axis servomotor 9 is driven by the numerical controller 17 and the workpiece spindle 7 is driven via the gear train, the workpiece spindle 7 rotates the workpiece W. Workpiece W
The numerical controller 17 drives the X-axis servomotor 13 in accordance with the rotation angle of to move the grindstone base 11 back and forth, move the workpiece W in accordance with the change in lift of the cam 1, and rapidly move forward to move the workpiece. When the cam W of the object W approaches the outer periphery with the allowance t, the cutting feed speed changes. Simultaneously with this cutting feed, the workpiece W is once controlled to the rapid feed rotation speed ω2.
Here, grinding is first started in the vicinity of the cam top 1b of the workpiece W. When the grindstone 2 contacts the workpiece W, the grindstone 2-ring 2a-lead wire 32-slip ring 34-brush 3
5-Current Detector 36-Tailstock 6-Center 8-Workpiece W
And a closed circuit are configured, and a current flows through the closed circuit by the power supply 37. The current detector 36 outputs a signal that detects the current to 0.
1 to H as an H active signal to the circuit of the auxiliary function of the numerical controller 17, and the numerical controller 17 decelerates the C-axis servomotor 9 to grind the workpiece W, that is, the cam top 1b of the cam 1. The peripheral speed in the vicinity is controlled to be the grinding feed speed. When the workpiece W near the cam top portion 1b of the cam 1 is ground by the rotation of the workpiece W and the grindstone 2 is separated from the workpiece W, the grindstone 2-ring 2a-lead wire 32-slip ring 34 described above. -Current detector 36-Tailstock 6-Center 8-The closed circuit of the workpiece W opens the circuit, so the current detector 36 outputs the L active signal from H to L and the circuit of the auxiliary function of the numerical controller 17. Send to.

【００４８】ここで実施例２のように被加工物Ｗのカム
リフト部１ｃを被加工物Ｗを揺動してカムを創成する場
合は、前記Ｌ能動信号を受けて数値制御装置１７の補助
機能の回路は数値制御装置１７によるＣ軸サーボモータ
９の回転方向を変更する。するとＸ軸サーボモータ１３
は連続して切り込み動作を進めているのですぐ砥石２は
被加工物Ｗに接触して研削が始まる。この回転方向の変
更による被加工物Ｗの回転速度は研削送り回転速度であ
る。上記のように砥石２と被加工物Ｗの接触により電流
検出器３６に電流が流れるがこの信号は制御に用いな
い。そして砥石２がカムトップ１ｂ付近で被加工物Ｗか
ら離れると電流検出器３６はそのＨからＬへのＬ能動信
号を数値制御装置１７へ送り、Ｃ軸サーボモータ９を逆
転させ元の回転方向に変える。これをくり返すと、研削
部分がカム１の中心Ｏに張る角は次第に大となりカムリ
フト部１ｃに対する部分が研削代ｔ３を残して形成され
る。ここで数値制御装置１７はプログラムによりＸ軸サ
ーボモータ１３の制御量が切り込みがｔ１＋ｔ２に達し
たこと又はＣ軸サーボモータ９による被加工物Ｗの回転
角がカムリフト部１ｃがカム１の中心Ｏに張る角θ２に
なったことをもって、Ｃ軸サーボモータ９を砥石２の回
転方向と同方向の一方向回転に変更し、カム１回りの研
削代ｔ３の部分の研削を行う。Here, when the cam lift portion 1c of the workpiece W is rocked on the workpiece W to create a cam as in the second embodiment, an auxiliary function of the numerical controller 17 is received in response to the L active signal. The circuit of changes the rotation direction of the C-axis servomotor 9 by the numerical controller 17. Then the X-axis servo motor 13
Since the cutting operation is continuously progressing, the grindstone 2 comes into contact with the workpiece W immediately and the grinding is started. The rotation speed of the workpiece W due to this change in the rotation direction is the grinding feed rotation speed. As described above, a current flows through the current detector 36 due to the contact between the grindstone 2 and the workpiece W, but this signal is not used for control. When the grindstone 2 separates from the workpiece W near the cam top 1b, the current detector 36 sends an L active signal from H to L to the numerical controller 17, causing the C-axis servomotor 9 to rotate in the reverse direction. Change to. By repeating this, the angle formed by the ground portion on the center O of the cam 1 gradually increases, and the portion for the cam lift portion 1c is formed leaving the grinding allowance t3. Here, the numerical control device 17 determines that the control amount of the X-axis servo motor 13 has reached the cut t1 + t2 or the rotation angle of the workpiece W by the C-axis servo motor 9 is set to the center O of the cam 1 by the cam lift portion 1c. When the angle θ2 is reached, the C-axis servomotor 9 is changed to one-direction rotation in the same direction as the rotation direction of the grindstone 2, and the grinding allowance t3 around the cam 1 is ground.

【００４９】実施例３のように一方向回転にて被加工物
Ｗを研削する場合は砥石２と被加工物Ｗの接触でもって
前記閉回路が形成され、電流検出器３６から出るＬから
ＨへのＨ能動信号でもって被加工物Ｗを研削送り回転速
度とし、砥石２と被加工物Ｗが離れることでもって前記
閉回路が開成した際の電流検出器３６から出るＨからＬ
へのＬ能動信号でもって被加工物Ｗを早送り回転速度に
制御すればよい。When the workpiece W is ground by unidirectional rotation as in the third embodiment, the closed circuit is formed by the contact between the grindstone 2 and the workpiece W, and the current detector 36 outputs L to H. H active signal to the workpiece W for grinding feed rotation speed, and when the closed circuit is opened by the separation of the grindstone 2 and the workpiece W, H to L output from the current detector 36.
The workpiece W may be controlled at the fast-forward rotation speed by the L active signal to the.

【００５０】本実施例では被加工物を揺動して被加工物
の研削される部分のみが研削送りされ、エアーカットが
ないから、送り長さが最小ですみ研削時間が短い。又被
加工物を一方向に回転する場合も被加工物の研削される
部分のみが研削送りされ、送り長さが最小となり、残り
のエアーカット部分は早送りで経過するため、研削時間
が短い。In this embodiment, the workpiece is oscillated and only the portion to be ground of the workpiece is ground and fed. Since there is no air cut, the feed length is minimum and the grinding time is short. Also, when the work piece is rotated in one direction, only the part to be ground of the work piece is ground and fed, the feed length is minimized, and the remaining air-cut parts are fast-forwarded, so the grinding time is short.

【００５１】[0051]

【発明の効果】本発明の第１の発明は、被加工物にカム
を形成するカム研削法において、先ずカムリフト部に相
当する被加工物の回転角の範囲内で被加工物を揺動させ
てカムリフト部を研削した後にカム全周を研削してカム
を創成するようにしたので、カムリフト部に研削代をよ
り多く付してある鍛造品、鋳造品の成型素材、特に鋳造
品の多気筒カムの創成においてはカム研削時間を著しく
短縮できる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, in a cam grinding method for forming a cam on a workpiece, first, the workpiece is swung within a range of a rotation angle of the workpiece corresponding to a cam lift portion. After grinding the cam lift part, the entire circumference of the cam is ground to create the cam, so the cam lift part has more grinding allowance, forged products, cast material, especially multi-cylinder cast products. The cam grinding time can be significantly reduced in the creation of the cam.

【００５２】本発明の第２の発明は被加工物にカムを形
成するカム研削法において、カムリフト部に相当する被
加工物の回転角の範囲内では被加工物を研削送り回転速
度で回転し、一回転中の残りの回転角の範囲では早送り
回転速度としたのでカム研削時間を短縮できる。A second aspect of the present invention is a cam grinding method for forming a cam on a workpiece, wherein the workpiece is rotated at a grinding feed rotation speed within a range of a rotation angle of the workpiece corresponding to a cam lift portion. The cam grinding time can be shortened because the rapid feed rotation speed is set within the range of the remaining rotation angle during one rotation.

【００５３】本発明の第３発明は被加工物と砥石を夫々
電極とし、砥石が被加工物に作用した際に電流の流れる
閉回路を設け、この閉回路中に電流検出器を配設し、前
記電流検出器の検出信号により、被加工物の回転制御を
行う制御装置を設けたので、この第３の発明のカム研削
盤を用いて第１又は第２の発明を実施すると、砥石が被
加工物に作用することが直ちに検出され、砥石が研削後
に被加工物から離れると直ちに検出されるので、被加工
物の研削送り回転角度を正確に把握出来、研削作用のな
い範囲を研削送り回転速度でエアーカットすることがな
くなり、第１の発明に適用すればエアーカットが皆無と
なり、第２の発明に適用すれば研削送り回転速度でエア
ーカットするということがなくなる。According to a third aspect of the present invention, a workpiece and a grindstone are used as electrodes, and a closed circuit through which a current flows when the grindstone acts on the workpiece is provided, and a current detector is arranged in this closed circuit. Since a control device for controlling the rotation of the workpiece by the detection signal of the current detector is provided, when the first or second invention is carried out using the cam grinder of the third invention, the grindstone is It is immediately detected that the work piece acts on the work piece, and immediately after the grindstone leaves the work piece after grinding, the grinding feed rotation angle of the work piece can be accurately grasped, and the range where no grinding action occurs There is no need to perform air cutting at the rotational speed. When applied to the first invention, there is no air cutting, and when applied to the second invention, there is no need to perform air cutting at the grinding feed rotational speed.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明の実施例１のカム研削法を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a cam grinding method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】本発明の実施例１のカム研削法を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a cam grinding method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

【図３】本発明の実施例１のカム研削法を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a cam grinding method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

【図４】本発明の実施例１のカム研削法を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cam grinding method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

【図５】本発明の実施例１のカム研削法を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a cam grinding method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

【図６】本発明の実施例１のカム研削法を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a cam grinding method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

【図７】本発明の実施例２のカム研削法を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a cam grinding method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

【図８】本発明の実施例２のカム研削法を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a cam grinding method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

【図９】本発明の実施例２のカム研削法を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a cam grinding method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

【図１０】本発明の実施例４のフローシートである。FIG. 10 is a flow sheet of Example 4 of the present invention.

【図１１】本発明の実施例５のフローシートである。FIG. 11 is a flow sheet of Example 5 of the present invention.

【図１２】従来のカム研削法を説明するための断面図で
ある。FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a conventional cam grinding method.

【図１３】従来のカム研削法を説明するための断面図で
ある。FIG. 13 is a sectional view for explaining a conventional cam grinding method.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ カム ２ 砥石 ６ 心押台 ７ 加工物主軸 ８ センタ ９ Ｃ軸サーボモータ １１ 砥石台 １３ Ｘ軸サーボモータ １７ 数値制御装置 １８ エンコーダ ２１ 砥石軸 ２２ 絶縁材 ２５ 砥石アダプタ ２６ 砥石フランジ ３２ リード線 ３３ 絶縁材 ３４ スリップリング ３６ 電流検出器 ３７ 電源 1 cam 2 grindstone 6 tailstock 7 work spindle 8 center 9 C-axis servo motor 11 grindstone base 13 X-axis servomotor 17 numerical control device 18 encoder 21 grindstone shaft 22 insulating material 25 grindstone adapter 26 grindstone flange 32 lead wire 33 insulation Material 34 Slip ring 36 Current detector 37 Power supply

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 被加工物の角度送りに対して被加工物と
砥石との間隔を変化させて逐次切り込みを与えて被加工
物にカムを形成するカム研削法において、カムの回転中
心がカム従動子に変位を与えるカムリフト部に張る中心
角とほぼ等しい範囲以内で被加工物を揺動させて砥石を
逐次被加工物に切り込み、カムのリフト部を研削した
後、被加工物を連続で回転して逐次砥石に切り込みを与
えカムを形成することを特徴とするカム研削法。1. A cam grinding method for forming a cam on a workpiece by changing the distance between the workpiece and a grindstone with respect to the angular feed of the workpiece to form a cam on the workpiece in a cam grinding method. The workpiece is swung within a range that is approximately equal to the center angle of the cam lift that gives displacement to the follower, the grindstone is sequentially cut into the workpiece, the lift portion of the cam is ground, and the workpiece is continuously cut. A cam grinding method characterized by rotating and successively making a cut in a grindstone to form a cam. 【請求項２】 被加工物の角度送りに対して被加工物と
砥石との間隔を変化させて逐次切り込みを与えて被加工
物にカムを形成するカム研削法において、カムには一定
方向の回転を与え、カムの回転中心がカム従動子に変位
に与えるカムリフト部に張る中心角とほぼ等しい範囲以
内で砥石が研削作用を行うのに適する周速を与えるよう
に被加工物に研削送り回転速度を与え、残りの研削作用
を行わないカムの回転中は研削送り回転速度よりも速い
急速送り回転速度を与えることを特徴とするカム研削
法。2. In a cam grinding method for forming a cam on a workpiece by changing the distance between the workpiece and a grindstone with respect to the angular feed of the workpiece to sequentially make cuts, the cam is moved in a fixed direction. Grinding feed rotation to the work piece so that the grinding wheel gives a peripheral speed suitable for grinding within a range approximately equal to the center angle of the cam lift that gives rotation to the cam follower and the cam rotation center gives displacement to the cam follower. A cam grinding method characterized in that a rapid feed rotation speed that is higher than a grinding feed rotation speed is given during rotation of a cam that gives speed and does not perform the remaining grinding action. 【請求項３】 被加工物と砥石を夫々電極とし、砥石が
被加工物に作用した際に電流の流れる閉回路を設け、こ
の閉回路中に電流検出器を配設し、前記電流検出器の検
出信号により、被加工物の回転制御を行う制御装置を設
けたことを特徴とするカム研削盤。3. A workpiece and a grindstone are used as electrodes respectively, and a closed circuit through which a current flows when the grindstone acts on the workpiece is provided, and a current detector is arranged in the closed circuit. A cam grinder provided with a control device for controlling the rotation of the workpiece according to the detection signal of.