JPH07333097A - Method for measuring gas leakage region - Google Patents
Method for measuring gas leakage regionInfo
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- JPH07333097A JPH07333097A JP14858994A JP14858994A JPH07333097A JP H07333097 A JPH07333097 A JP H07333097A JP 14858994 A JP14858994 A JP 14858994A JP 14858994 A JP14858994 A JP 14858994A JP H07333097 A JPH07333097 A JP H07333097A
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ガス漏洩におけるガス
漏洩領域およびガス漏洩量をガス検知装置からのガス濃
度データ及び風向風速計からの風向風速データから推定
する方法に関し、主として可燃性ガス、毒性ガス、各種
油及び有機溶剤の蒸気などのガス漏洩の可能性がある各
種屋外プラントにおけるガス漏洩の早期対処に有用なガ
ス漏洩領域、ガス漏洩点及びガス漏洩量の推定方法に関
するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for estimating a gas leakage region and a gas leakage amount in a gas leakage from gas concentration data from a gas detector and wind direction and wind speed data from a wind anemometer, and mainly relates to combustible gas, The present invention relates to a gas leakage region, a gas leakage point, and a method for estimating a gas leakage amount, which are useful for early countermeasures against gas leakage in various outdoor plants that may cause gas leakage such as toxic gas, various oils, and vapors of organic solvents.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、推定されるガス漏洩点の範囲が広
すぎたり、見当違いだったりするというという問題点が
あったが、これはガス漏洩領域、ガス漏洩点及びガス漏
洩量を推定するための確実な数理論的方法がなかったた
めである。他方、坂上の式やサットンの式のように漏洩
ガスの拡散による漏洩ガス濃度と風速、ガス漏洩量、位
置関係、気象条件によって定まるパラメータとの関係を
表現する式についてはよく知られている。例えばサット
ンの式はよく知られており通商産業省立地公害局監修
「新訂 公害防止の技術と法規（大気編）」４版、昭和
５６年８月発行にもあるように広く公害物質の拡散の計
算に用いられている。本発明を以下に説明するのにサッ
トンの式をベースにするが、もちろんサットンの式の代
わりに坂上の式または他の理論式、実験式などを用いて
もよいし、場所によってはこれらを使い分けても良い。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been a problem that the range of estimated gas leak points is too wide or is irrelevant. However, this estimates the gas leak region, the gas leak point, and the gas leak amount. This is because there was no reliable number-theoretic method for. On the other hand, equations expressing the relationship between the concentration of leaked gas due to diffusion of leaked gas and the wind speed, the amount of gas leaked, the positional relationship, and the parameters determined by the meteorological conditions, such as the Sakagami equation and the Sutton equation, are well known. For example, Sutton's formula is well known and widely spreads pollutant substances, as published in August 1981, "4th edition of the New Pollution Control Technology and Regulations (Atmosphere)" supervised by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry's Location Pollution Bureau. Is used in the calculation of. The present invention is described below on the basis of Sutton's formula, but of course, Sakagami's formula or other theoretical formulas, empirical formulas, etc. may be used instead of Sutton's formula, and these may be used depending on the place. May be.
【０００３】サットンの拡散式は漏洩ガスが濃度１００
％のときの任意の３次元位置の漏洩ガス濃度を次式で表
している。Sutton's diffusion system has a leak gas concentration of 100.
The leak gas concentration at an arbitrary three-dimensional position when% is expressed by the following equation.
【０００４】[0004]
【数１】 [Equation 1]
【０００５】ガス漏洩点からガス検知器までの上部空間
に架台などの上下方向の拡散を妨げる水平障害物がない
場合、When there is no horizontal obstacle such as a pedestal that prevents vertical diffusion in the upper space from the gas leak point to the gas detector,
【０００６】[0006]
【数２】 [Equation 2]
【０００７】となり、ガス漏洩点からガス検知器までの
上部空間に架台などの上下方向の拡散を妨げる水平障害
物がある場合で上下の水平障害物（地面を含む）による
漏洩ガスの反復反射がある場合には、If there is a horizontal obstacle such as a pedestal that prevents vertical diffusion in the upper space from the gas leak point to the gas detector, repeated reflection of the leaked gas by the upper and lower horizontal obstacles (including the ground) will occur. In some cases,
【０００８】[0008]
【数３】 となる。[Equation 3] Becomes
【０００９】上記の式に含まれる記号をプラントを考慮
して説明すると、 Ｃ（x,y,z）：ガス漏洩点の座標を（O,O,H）とし、風向
きの方向にｘ軸をとったときの、任意の位置座標（x,y,
z）におけるガス濃度。 Ｑ（O,O,H）：単位時間当たりの漏洩ガス量。 Ｕ ：風速。 Ｈ ：漏洩点の地表からの高さである。架台な
どの床がある場合は床面 からの高さとす
る。zも同じ床面からの任意の高さとなる。 Ｔ ：ガス漏洩点からガス検知器までの上部空
間に架台などの上下方向 の拡散を妨げる
水平障害物がある場合、上下の水平障害物（地面
を含む）の間の距離。 ｍ ：反射の回数で、通常ｍ＝−２〜２をとれ
ば充分良い近似になる。 Ｃy，Ｃz，ｎ：Ｈと気象条件によって定まるサットンの
拡散パラメータ。上下に水平障害物（地面を含む）があ
る場合、この間の大気の温度勾配は小さいので中立層を
なすと考えられる。ｎは１／５〜１／２の数値をとり、
中立層では１／４である。また高さ１０ｍ以下の中立層
の場合、Ｃy＝0.21（m1/8），Ｃz＝0.12（m1/8）であ
る。The symbols included in the above equation will be explained in consideration of the plant. C (x, y, z): The coordinates of the gas leak point are (O, O, H), and the x-axis is in the wind direction. Any position coordinates (x, y,
Gas concentration in z). Q (O, O, H): Leakage gas amount per unit time. U: Wind speed. H: The height of the leak point from the ground surface. If there is a floor such as a gantry, the height should be above the floor. z is an arbitrary height from the same floor. T: When there is a horizontal obstacle such as a gantry that prevents vertical diffusion in the upper space from the gas leak point to the gas detector, the upper and lower horizontal obstacles (ground
(Including). m: The number of reflections. Usually, if m = -2 to 2, a sufficiently good approximation can be obtained. Cy, Cz, n: Sutton diffusion parameters determined by H and meteorological conditions. When there are horizontal obstacles (including the ground) at the top and bottom, it is considered that they form a neutral layer because the temperature gradient of the atmosphere between them is small. n takes a numerical value of 1/5 to 1/2,
It is 1/4 in the neutral layer. In the case of a neutral layer having a height of 10 m or less, Cy = 0.21 (m 1/8 ) and Cz = 0.12 (m 1/8 ).
【００１０】漏洩点の推定に関しても上式から分かるよ
うに、単位時間当たりの漏洩ガス量が一定であるとき、
丁度ガス検知器が漏洩点の風下にあるように風が吹いて
いるならば（上式においてｙ＝０のとき）ガス濃度と風
速を乗じたガスフラックスの値が極大となるので、ガス
フラックスの値が極大となるような（風）向きの逆方向
が漏洩点の方向を示すこととなる。As can be seen from the above equation regarding the estimation of the leak point, when the leak gas amount per unit time is constant,
If the wind is blowing just below the leak point of the gas detector (when y = 0 in the above equation), the value of the gas flux obtained by multiplying the gas concentration and the wind speed will be the maximum value. The opposite direction of the (wind) direction that maximizes the value indicates the direction of the leak point.
【００１１】本発明者はこのことを利用して一定地域内
にある少なくとも２点のガスフラックスの値の時系列上
の極大値の向きの逆方向に線を引き交点を求め、この点
を囲む領域をガス漏洩源の位置として推定する方法を特
許出願した。また、１つのガス検出器の位置における２
つのガスフラックスの値から、ガス漏洩領域とガス漏洩
量を推定する方法を特許出願した。以上の方法では複数
のガス検出点の平均ガス濃度を含むデータからガス漏洩
量域、ガス漏洩源位置及びガス漏洩量を推定することが
できなかった。Utilizing this fact, the present inventor draws a line in the direction opposite to the direction of the maximum value on the time series of the gas flux values of at least two points within a certain area, finds an intersection, and surrounds this point. A patent application has been filed for a method of estimating the region as the position of the gas leakage source. In addition, 2 in one gas detector position
We applied for a patent for a method of estimating the gas leakage area and the gas leakage amount from the values of two gas fluxes. With the above method, the gas leakage amount region, the gas leakage source position, and the gas leakage amount cannot be estimated from the data including the average gas concentrations at the plurality of gas detection points.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記したよう
な従来技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、本発
明の主な目的は、一定地域内において任意の位置に配置
された１つ以上のガス検出点をもつガス検出装置につい
て、それぞれほぼ同一時刻に対して得られた任意のガス
検出装置からの４つの平均ガス濃度データとこれに対応
する風向風速データからガス漏洩領域、ガス漏洩点位置
およびガス漏洩量とを推定するための方法を提供するこ
とにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art as described above, and the main object of the present invention is to arrange the device at an arbitrary position within a certain area. For gas detectors having three or more gas detection points, four gas average concentration data from arbitrary gas detectors obtained at almost the same time and corresponding wind direction and wind speed data are used to determine the gas leakage region and the gas. It is to provide a method for estimating a leak point position and a gas leak amount.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記した課題は本発明に
よれば、一定地域内において任意の位置に配置された１
つまたは複数のガス検出点をもつ特定ガス検出装置につ
いて、ほぼ同一時刻に対して得られた該ガス検出点の平
均ガス濃度データと該平均ガス濃度データの得られた時
刻とほぼ同一時刻の風向風速データからガス漏洩領域を
推定するための方法であって、該ガス検出装置の各ガス
検出点におけるガス濃度を該各ガス検出点とガス漏洩点
との間の位置関係と、風速、ガス漏洩量および気象条件
によって定まるパラメーターとの間の関係として表現す
るガス拡散式から、該各ガス検出点について得られた平
均ガス濃度との関係を表す新たな式を作成し、該各ガス
検出点の高さの近傍の任意の高さをもつ水平面上の点に
ガス漏洩点があると仮定し、該ガス漏洩点から第１およ
び第２の平均ガス濃度データに対する２つの風向の方位
上に引いた線にそれぞれ該各ガス検出点から垂線を引い
て該ガス漏洩点と該各ガス検出点との間の位置関係を求
め、これらの位置関係と第１および第２の該平均ガス濃
度データから前記の新たな式に基いてガス漏洩点がある
と仮定した点について得られるガス漏洩量の推定値をそ
れぞれ求め、前記各ガス漏洩量の推定値が互いに一致す
る点の軌跡を求め、該軌跡を、推定されるガス漏洩領域
とすることを特徴とするガス漏洩領域の推定方法を提供
することにより達成される。According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problems can be solved by the following method.
For a specific gas detection device having one or a plurality of gas detection points, the average gas concentration data at the gas detection points obtained at almost the same time and the wind direction at approximately the same time as the time at which the average gas concentration data was obtained. A method for estimating a gas leakage region from wind speed data, comprising determining a gas concentration at each gas detection point of the gas detection device, a positional relationship between each gas detection point and the gas leakage point, a wind speed, and a gas leakage. From the gas diffusion formula expressed as the relationship between the amount and the parameter determined by the meteorological condition, a new formula representing the relationship with the average gas concentration obtained for each gas detection point is created, and Assuming that there is a gas leak point at a point on the horizontal plane having an arbitrary height near the height, and drawn from the gas leak point on the two wind directions for the first and second average gas concentration data. Line A vertical line is drawn from each of the gas detection points to obtain the positional relationship between the gas leakage point and each of the gas detection points, and the positional relationship and the first and second average gas concentration data described above Obtaining an estimated value of the gas leakage amount obtained for a point assuming that there is a gas leakage point based on a new equation, and obtaining a locus of points at which the estimated values of the respective gas leakage amounts match each other, and the locus, This is achieved by providing a method for estimating a gas leakage region, which is characterized as an estimated gas leakage region.
【００１４】また、所望に応じて、前記ガス検出装置が
複数のガス検出点を有し、これらのガス検出点について
重み係数を掛けて加算して前記平均ガス濃度データを求
め、かつこの平均ガス濃度データを略同一時刻に必要な
数得ることができる。If desired, the gas detection device has a plurality of gas detection points, and these gas detection points are multiplied by weighting factors and added to obtain the average gas concentration data. The required number of concentration data can be obtained at approximately the same time.
【００１５】[0015]
【作用】まず、（１）式に基づいてｋ番目の風向に対し
てｉ番目のガス検出装置においてｊ番目の位置に配置さ
れたガス検出点のガス濃度をＣi,j,kとし、これに重み
係数ρi,jを掛けて加算した平均ガス濃度をＣai,kとす
ると次式が得られる。First, based on the equation (1), the gas concentration at the gas detection point located at the jth position in the ith gas detection device with respect to the kth wind direction is defined as C i, j, k. Is multiplied by a weighting factor ρ i, j and added, and the average gas concentration is defined as C ai, k , the following equation is obtained.
【００１６】[0016]
【数４】 ここで、[Equation 4] here,
【００１７】[0017]
【数５】 [Equation 5]
【００１８】[0018]
【数６】 [Equation 6]
【００１９】（４）式はｊが１以上Ｊまでの検出点をも
つガス検出装置の平均ガス濃度を与える式である。
（４）式を次式のようにＱについて解いた形にし、必ず
しもガス漏洩点でない点を仮定して測定された平均ガス
濃度および風向風速を与えると、これらから正しいガス
漏洩点を求めるために必要なＱi,kを計算することがで
きる。Expression (4) is an expression that gives the average gas concentration of the gas detection device having detection points where j is 1 or more and J.
When the equation (4) is solved for Q as in the following equation, and the average gas concentration and the wind direction and wind speed that are measured assuming the point that is not necessarily the gas leak point are given, the correct gas leak point can be obtained from these. The required Q i, k can be calculated.
【００２０】[0020]
【数７】 [Equation 7]
【００２１】上式において風速と平均ガス濃度を掛け合
わせた数値は以下においてガスフラックス、Ｆi.kと呼
ぶことにする。The numerical value obtained by multiplying the wind speed and the average gas concentration in the above equation will be referred to as a gas flux, F ik , hereinafter.
【００２２】ここで、真のガス漏洩点Ｐの３次元座標を
（ＸS，ＹS，ＺS）とし、仮定したガス漏洩点Ｐ’の３
次元座標を（Ｘ，Ｙ，Ｈ）としてあらわすこととする。
図１から分かるようにＰ’からｋ番目の風向の方位αk
に対し線を引き、ｉ番目のガス検出装置Ｇiのｊ番目の
ガス検出点の仮定した水平面上の位置Ｇi.j（Ｘi,j，Ｙ
i,j，Ｈ）からこの線に垂線を引いて、（１）式に示さ
れるｘに相当するＬi.j,kと、ｙに相当するＷi.j,kを求
めている。Here, assuming that the three-dimensional coordinates of the true gas leak point P are (X S , Y S , Z S ), the assumed gas leak point P ′ is 3
The dimensional coordinates are represented as (X, Y, H).
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the direction of the k-th wind direction from P ′ α k
A line is drawn to the position G ij (X i, j , Y) on the assumed horizontal plane of the j-th gas detection point of the i-th gas detection device G i.
A perpendicular line is drawn from ( i, j , H) to obtain L ij, k corresponding to x and W ij, k corresponding to y shown in the equation (1).
【００２３】前記（２）式は下側の水平障害物（地面を
含む）の１回反射を考慮した式であり、（３）式は上部
空間に架台などの上下方向の拡散を妨げる水平障害物が
ある場合で上下の水平障害物（地面を含む）による漏洩
ガスの反復反射がある場合の式である。The expression (2) is an expression in which the single reflection of the lower horizontal obstacle (including the ground) is taken into consideration, and the expression (3) is a horizontal obstacle that prevents vertical diffusion of a pedestal in the upper space. This is the formula when there is repeated reflection of leaked gas due to upper and lower horizontal obstacles (including the ground) when there is an object.
【００２４】また、上式においてＪが無限大のとき例え
ば２点間に無限大のガス検出点があるような場合を想定
すれば、赤外線を２点間に透過させてその間の平均濃度
を測定した場合などに相当し、（５）式を無限点に対応
するよう近似化して計算することができる。If J is infinity in the above equation, assuming that there is an infinite gas detection point between the two points, infrared rays are transmitted between the two points and the average concentration between them is measured. In this case, the equation (5) can be approximated and calculated so as to correspond to an infinite point.
【００２５】いま１番目と２番目の風向風速に対しｉ番
目とｉ’番目（ｉ＝ｉ’またはｉ≠ｉ’のいずれでもよ
い）のガス検出装置の平均ガス濃度が測定可能下限値以
上となり、２つのデータが得られたこととする。The average gas concentration of the i-th and i'-th (i = i 'or i ≠ i') gas detectors for the first and second wind direction wind speeds is not less than the measurable lower limit value. It is assumed that two data are obtained.
【００２６】この場合ガス漏洩点Ｐ（ＸS，ＹS，ＺS）
の高さが分からないので、これらのガス検出装置のガス
検出点近傍の任意の高さを仮定し、その高さの水平面上
の任意の点で２つのデータに対応したＱi,1とＱi'2とを
計算し、Ｑi,1＝Ｑi,2なる点の軌跡を試行計算により求
めることができる。この軌跡は、In this case, the gas leakage point P (X S , Y S , Z S )
Since we do not know the height of the gas detector, we assume an arbitrary height in the vicinity of the gas detection points of these gas detectors, and at any point on the horizontal plane of that height, Q i, 1 and Q i By calculating i′2 , the locus of points where Q i, 1 = Q i, 2 can be obtained by trial calculation. This trajectory is
【００２７】[0027]
【数８】 として求めるとよい。[Equation 8] It is good to ask as.
【００２８】この軌跡は対象とする地域を例えば一定間
隔の格子に分割し、格子の中の中央点においてＡ1,2を
計算し、Ａ1,2がプラスとなる点とマイナスとなる点を
色分けすれば、色の境目として容易に描くことができ
る。更に正確な軌跡は格子間隔を細かくするか、Ａ1,2
がＯに収束するする点をＸまたはＹを変えて求めればよ
い。In this locus, the target area is divided into, for example, a grid at regular intervals, A 1,2 is calculated at the center point in the grid, and points where A 1,2 is positive and negative are Color coding makes it easy to draw boundaries between colors. For a more accurate trajectory, make the lattice spacing finer, or use A 1,2
The point at which is converged to O may be obtained by changing X or Y.
【００２９】この軌跡はガス検出装置のガス検出点が複
数になると複雑な曲線となる。仮定した高さにガス漏洩
点があればこの曲線上に推定されるガス漏洩点があるは
ずであり、この曲線はガス漏洩の可能性のある領域（こ
こではガス漏洩領域と呼んでいる）を示している。Ａ
1,2を求める段階でＱが異常に大きくなる領域がある
が、現実では起こり得ないとしてこの領域を考慮の対象
外としてもよい。This locus becomes a complicated curve when the gas detection device has a plurality of gas detection points. If there is a gas leak point at the assumed height, there should be an estimated gas leak point on this curve, and this curve shows the area of potential gas leak (called the gas leak area here). Shows. A
Although there is a region where Q becomes abnormally large at the stage of obtaining 1 , 2 , this region may be excluded from consideration because it cannot occur in reality.
【００３０】同様に１番目または２番目のデータと３番
目の風向風速に対して得られたｉ”番目のガス検出装置
の平均ガス濃度データとから、ガス漏洩点の高さを前記
の高さに仮定してｉ番目とｉ’番目のデータについてと
同様の計算を行うと新たなガス漏洩領域が得られる。Similarly, from the 1st or 2nd data and the average gas concentration data of the i "th gas detector obtained for the 3rd wind direction wind speed, the height of the gas leak point is determined as the above height. If a similar calculation is performed for the i-th and i′-th data assuming that, a new gas leakage region is obtained.
【００３１】この場合ｉ”番目のガス検出装置は一般に
は任意に選べる、すなわちｉ＝ｉ”、ｉ≠ｉ”または
ｉ’＝ｉ”、ｉ’≠ｉ”のいずれでもよい。In this case, the i "th gas detector can generally be arbitrarily selected, that is, i = i", i ≠ i "or i '= i", i' ≠ i ".
【００３２】しかし、ガス検出装置のガス検出点が１つ
の場合には既に特許出願してあるように（特願平５−２
９２６０２号）、２つのデータまでは同じガス検出装置
すなわちｉ＝ｉ’のデータを使ってよいがそれ以上のデ
ータについては別のガス検出装置すなわちｉ”≠ｉ＝
ｉ’のデータでなければガス漏洩領域の交点がないため
ガス漏洩点を求めることができない。However, if there is only one gas detection point in the gas detection device, it is possible to file a patent application (Japanese Patent Application No. 5-2.
92602), the same gas detector, i.e., i = i ', may be used for up to two data, but for other data, another gas detector, i "≠ i =, may be used.
If there is no data of i ′, the gas leak point cannot be obtained because there is no intersection of the gas leak regions.
【００３３】これに対しガス検出装置のガス検出点が２
つ以上の場合には３つ乃至４つのデータが同じガス検出
装置からの場合でもガス漏洩点を求めることができるこ
とがわかった。On the other hand, the gas detection point of the gas detection device is 2
In the case of three or more data, it was found that the gas leak point can be obtained even when three or four data are from the same gas detection device.
【００３４】前記の説明においてデータの順番は時系列
的である必要はなく大きさの順にするなど任意に決める
ことができるのはもちろんである。In the above description, the order of the data does not have to be time-series, and it is needless to say that the order of data can be arbitrarily determined.
【００３５】以上のような３つのデータに基づき得られ
たガス漏洩領域の交点はそれぞれの交点において３つの
データに基づくガス漏洩量が等しくなりガス漏洩点の候
補となる点の近似的２次元位置を与えている。At the intersections of the gas leakage regions obtained based on the above three data, the amount of gas leakage based on the three data becomes equal at each intersection, and the approximate two-dimensional position of the gas leakage point candidate is obtained. Is giving.
【００３６】同様に１番または３番目のデータと４番目
の風向風速に対して得られたｉ3'番目のガス検知器の平
均ガス濃度データとから、ガス漏洩点の高さを前記の高
さに仮定して同様の計算を行うと新たなガス漏洩領域が
得られる。[0036] From the same manner as in No. 1 or the third data and fourth average gas concentration data obtained i 3 'th gas detector with respect to wind direction and speed, the height of the gas leakage point of the high If a similar calculation is performed under the assumption of the above, a new gas leakage region can be obtained.
【００３７】この新たなガス漏洩領域が前記のガス漏洩
点の近似的２次元位置と互いに交わりそれぞれのガス漏
洩量が一致すればこの点がガス漏洩点の３次元位置であ
り、一致しない場合にはガス漏洩点の高さを仮定し直し
て再計算し、ガス漏洩領域の交点においてそれぞれのガ
ス漏洩量が一致する点を推定されるガス漏洩点の３次元
位置とする。If the new gas leakage region intersects the approximate two-dimensional position of the gas leakage point and the respective gas leakage amounts match, this point is the three-dimensional position of the gas leakage point. Recalculates again assuming the height of the gas leak point, and sets the point where the gas leak amounts match at the intersection of the gas leak regions as the estimated three-dimensional position of the gas leak point.
【００３８】前記のようにガス漏洩領域を求めながらガ
ス漏洩点とガス漏洩量を求めるのではなく、一気にこれ
らを求める方法を以下に示す。A method of obtaining these at a stroke, instead of obtaining the gas leakage point and the gas leakage amount while obtaining the gas leakage region as described above, will be described below.
【００３９】すなわち、４つの風向風速データと平均ガ
ス濃度データから３次元的に仮定したガス漏洩点に対す
る４つのガス漏洩量を前記した方法で計算し、これらが
一致する点を求め、これを推定されるガス漏洩点の３次
元位置とすればよい。That is, the four gas leakage amounts with respect to the gas leakage points which are three-dimensionally assumed from the four wind direction wind velocity data and the average gas concentration data are calculated by the above-mentioned method, and the coincident points are obtained and estimated. It may be a three-dimensional position of the gas leakage point.
【００４０】このため、Therefore,
【数９】 [Equation 9]
【００４１】[0041]
【数１０】 （９）および（１０）式でＢを定義すると、Ｂは３次元
的に仮定したガス漏洩点に対して４つのガス漏洩量が等
しいとき限りなく０に近づく。[Equation 10] When B is defined by the equations (9) and (10), B approaches 0 infinitely when four gas leakage amounts are equal to the gas leakage point assumed three-dimensionally.
【００４２】ここで上記２式におけるｉはｉ番目のガス
検出装置に限定されるものではなく、ｋに対し任意のガ
ス検出装置を指定できる。Here, i in the above two expressions is not limited to the i-th gas detection device, and any gas detection device can be designated for k.
【００４３】したがって、例えば対象とする地域につい
ての水平面格子点についてガス漏洩点の高さを仮定して
Ｂを計算し、Ｂの最小点が一定の値例えば１０-2以下と
なる１つ以上の点を求めてガス漏洩点の３次元位置とす
ればよい。Therefore, for example, B is calculated on the assumption of the height of the gas leak point with respect to the horizontal plane lattice point in the target area, and one or more values at which the minimum point of B becomes a constant value, for example, 10 -2 or less. The point may be obtained and used as the three-dimensional position of the gas leakage point.
【００４４】上記２式では基準となるガス漏洩量として
平均値を使用したが最小値、最大値または特定ガス検出
装置の値を使用してもよい。In the above two expressions, the average value is used as the reference gas leakage amount, but the minimum value, the maximum value or the value of the specific gas detection device may be used.
【００４５】漏洩ガスは大気の乱流により拡散していく
ので、例え正確に測定したとしてもガス濃度、風向、風
速のデータには必然的に揺らぎがありばらついている。Since the leaked gas diffuses due to the turbulent flow of the atmosphere, the data of gas concentration, wind direction, and wind speed inevitably fluctuate and scatter even if measured accurately.
【００４６】したがって、１つ以上のガス検出点をもつ
ガス検出装置に対し平均ガス濃度データに風速を掛けて
得られるガスフラックスの対数を、ガス検出点の数を上
回らない数の極大値をもつ風向の方位に関する多項式や
フーリエ級数などの回帰式で回帰分析するなどのデータ
処理を行うことが望ましい。Therefore, for a gas detector having one or more gas detection points, the logarithm of the gas flux obtained by multiplying the average gas concentration data by the wind speed has a maximum value that does not exceed the number of gas detection points. It is desirable to perform data processing such as regression analysis using a regression equation such as a polynomial or Fourier series related to the direction of the wind direction.
【００４７】ガス検出点の数を上回らない数の極大値を
もつ関数を使う理由は、ガス漏洩点がガス検出装置に近
い場合に丁度風向がガス検出点の方向を向いたときに平
均ガス濃度データが極大値をもち、その極大値の数がガ
ス検出点の数を上回らないからである。The reason why the function having the maximum value of the number not exceeding the number of gas detection points is used is that when the gas leak point is close to the gas detection device, the average gas concentration is just when the wind direction is directed to the gas detection point. This is because the data has a maximum value and the number of the maximum values does not exceed the number of gas detection points.
【００４８】この場合同じ水平座標をもつ２つ以上のガ
ス検出点は１つとして数えられる。In this case, two or more gas detection points having the same horizontal coordinate are counted as one.
【００４９】ガス漏洩点がガス検出装置から遠い場合に
は２つのガス検出点間のガス濃度差が小さくなるので風
向の方位に関して極大値と極小値の差は小さくなる。When the gas leak point is far from the gas detecting device, the difference in gas concentration between the two gas detecting points becomes small, and therefore the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the direction of the wind direction becomes small.
【００５０】また、赤外線を２点間に透過させてその間
の平均濃度を測定した場合には風向の方位に関してガス
フラックスの対数が台形に近い形状になる。Further, when infrared rays are transmitted between two points and the average concentration between them is measured, the logarithm of the gas flux becomes a trapezoidal shape in the direction of the wind direction.
【００５１】ガス検出装置のガス検出点が３つ以上ある
場合に例えばこれを一直線上に等間隔に配置するとガス
漏洩点がこの直線に並行にガス検出点の間隔だけ移動し
ても同じ平均ガス濃度を与える場合があり、前記の推定
方法ではこれを識別できず複数のガス漏洩点が得られる
ことになるので、ガス検出点の間隔はランダムに配置す
るとよい。When the gas detection device has three or more gas detection points, for example, if they are arranged at equal intervals on a straight line, the same average gas is obtained even if the gas leak points move parallel to this line by the distance of the gas detection points. Since the concentration may be given and the above estimation method cannot identify this and a plurality of gas leak points are obtained, it is preferable to arrange the gas detection points at random intervals.
【００５２】また、ガス検出点の水平位置を同じにして
上下に配置したガス検出装置においては中間を横断する
水平な対称面の上下にガス漏洩点が計算上あらわれ、前
記の推定方法ではいずれがゴーストかを識別できないの
で上下同じ配置にならないようにするとよい。Further, in the gas detection device in which the horizontal positions of the gas detection points are the same and are arranged above and below, the gas leak points appear above and below the horizontal plane of symmetry intersecting the middle, and whichever of the above estimation methods is used. Since it is not possible to distinguish between ghosts, it is advisable not to arrange them in the same position.
【００５３】また、データの揺らぎによる差を見るため
に、それぞれについて標準偏差などでデータの幅を求
め、これらのデータにより前記の演算を行い、幅のある
ガス漏洩領域を求めることができる。Further, in order to see the difference due to the fluctuation of the data, the width of the data can be obtained for each of them by the standard deviation, and the above-mentioned calculation can be carried out by these data to obtain the gas leakage region having a width.
【００５４】また、ガス漏洩点およびガス漏洩量が分か
れば任意の風向風速にたいして漏洩ガス濃度分布などを
計算でき安全対策に役立てることができる。Further, if the gas leak point and the gas leak amount are known, the leak gas concentration distribution and the like can be calculated for any wind direction and wind speed, which can be used as a safety measure.
【００５５】上記において、もし気象条件が不明の場合
もしくは確定できない場合は気象条件を変数としてサッ
トンの拡散パラメーターを変えてガス漏洩領域、ガス漏
洩点およびガス漏洩量を求めてもよい。In the above, if the meteorological condition is unknown or cannot be determined, the gas leak region, the gas leak point, and the gas leak amount may be obtained by changing the Sutton diffusion parameter using the meteorological condition as a variable.
【００５６】実際のプラントでは機器などによる気流の
乱れがあり、ここに示したような理想的な状態でのガス
拡散からはズレるが、先ず理想的な状態でのガス漏洩点
およびガス漏洩量を推定し、次に機器の周りの流線を想
定するなどズレを補正することにより実際の状態に近付
けることができる。In an actual plant, there is turbulence in the air flow due to equipment and the like, and there is a deviation from the gas diffusion in the ideal state shown here, but first, the gas leak point and gas leak amount in the ideal state are It is possible to approximate the actual state by estimating and then correcting the misalignment such as assuming a streamline around the device.
【００５７】[0057]
実施例１ 本発明の好適実施例を図２〜図３に基づいて詳しく説明
する。Embodiment 1 A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
【００５８】本発明のガス漏洩点とガス漏洩量の推定方
法を実現するシステム例は図２に示すようにＭ（≧１）
個のガス検知器Ｇ（１）〜Ｇ（Ｍ）と、Ｎ（≧１）個の
風速計Ｂ（１）〜Ｂ（Ｎ）とを有し、データ処理装置３
に接続されたガス濃度データ収集記憶装置１及び風向風
速データ収集記憶装置２に平均ガス濃度データ及び風向
風速データを入力するようになっている。An example of a system for realizing the method of estimating the gas leak point and the gas leak amount of the present invention is M (≧ 1) as shown in FIG.
The data processing device 3 includes the gas detectors G (1) to G (M) and N (≧ 1) anemometers B (1) to B (N).
The average gas concentration data and the wind direction and wind speed data are input to the gas concentration data collection and storage device 1 and the wind direction and wind speed data collection and storage device 2 connected to.
【００５９】また、データ処理装置３にはガスフラック
ス警報設定値、各ガス検知装置のガス検出点データ及び
風向風速計位置データ等を入力したり、各種操作を行う
ためのキーボード４、ガス検出点を含むガス検知装置Ｇ
（１）〜Ｇ（Ｍ）及び風向風速計Ｂ（１）〜Ｂ（Ｎ）の
番号とその位置を記憶する計器位置記憶装置５、ガス検
知装置の番号毎のガスフラックス、平均ガス濃度、風
向、風速等を必要な時間間隔で過去の一定時間例えば過
去１時間、時系列的に記憶する外部記憶装置６、警報器
７、ＣＲＴ表示装置８及びプリンタ９が接続されてい
る。Further, the data processing device 3 inputs a gas flux alarm set value, gas detection point data of each gas detection device, wind direction and anemometer position data, and the like, and a keyboard 4 for performing various operations and a gas detection point. Gas detector G including
(1) to G (M) and wind direction anemometers B (1) to B (N), the instrument position storage device 5 that stores the numbers and their positions, the gas flux for each number of the gas detection device, the average gas concentration, and the wind direction. An external storage device 6, an alarm device 7, a CRT display device 8 and a printer 9 that store the wind speed and the like at a required time interval in a time series for the past fixed time, for example, the past one hour, are connected.
【００６０】各ガス検知器Ｇ（１）〜Ｇ（Ｍ）に対し
て、それぞれの位置での風向風速の近似値を与える風速
計としてその近傍にある風向風速計Ｂ（１）〜Ｂ（Ｎ）
が選択され、各ガス検出装置からの平均ガス濃度データ
と風向風速データとが１対１に対応するようになってい
る。The wind direction anemometers B (1) to B (N), which are close to the gas detectors G (1) to G (M), provide an approximate value of the wind direction wind speed at each position. )
Is selected, and the average gas concentration data from each gas detection device and the wind direction wind speed data have a one-to-one correspondence.
【００６１】この場合１個のガス検知装置に対し複数の
風向風速計を選びそれらの風向風速データをその位置関
係により内挿または外挿して用いてもよい。通常ＮはＭ
の５０分の１以上、望ましくは２０分の１以上でＭを超
えない数である。また、ガス検知装置と風向風速計とを
一体化して同一場所の空気の風向風速とガス濃度とを同
時に計れるようにしてもよく、この場合これらの個数
Ｍ，ＮはＭ＝Ｎとなる。In this case, a plurality of wind direction anemometers may be selected for one gas detection device and the wind direction wind speed data may be interpolated or extrapolated depending on the positional relationship. Usually N is M
Is 1/50 or more, preferably 1/20 or more and does not exceed M. Further, the gas detection device and the wind direction anemometer may be integrated so that the wind direction and the gas concentration of the air at the same location can be measured at the same time. In this case, the numbers M and N of these are M = N.
【００６２】本システムに於いては常時送信されるガス
検知装置と風向風速計の測定データはデジタル信号とし
て変換され、データ処理装置３にてデータの選択、記
憶、演算等がなされるようになっている。また、風向風
速は時間的に変化が早いので風向風速計の応答特性が良
すぎる場合には必要に応じ例えば１０秒間の風向と風速
の平均値を風向と風速データとすることができるように
なっている。In this system, the measurement data of the gas detection device and the anemometer that are constantly transmitted are converted into digital signals, and the data processing device 3 selects, stores and calculates data. ing. Further, since the wind direction and wind speed change rapidly with time, if the response characteristics of the wind direction and anemometer are too good, the wind direction and wind speed data can be used as an average value of wind direction and wind speed for 10 seconds, for example, if necessary. ing.
【００６３】ガス濃度データ収集記憶装置１は、ガス検
知装置からの平均ガス濃度データを過去のデータを更新
しながら一定時間間隔で時系列的に収集記憶するように
なっている。同様に風向風速データ収集記憶装置２は、
風向風速計からの風速データを更新しながら収集記憶す
るようになっている。The gas concentration data collection / storage device 1 collects and stores the average gas concentration data from the gas detection device in time series at regular time intervals while updating the past data. Similarly, the wind direction and wind speed data collection storage device 2
The wind speed data from the anemometer is updated and collected and stored.
【００６４】データ処理装置３は、平均ガス濃度データ
をガス濃度データ収集記憶装置１から、また、各ガス検
出装置に対応する風向と風速データを風向風速データ収
集記憶装置２から取り出し、これらの平均ガス濃度デー
タと風速データがそれぞれ測定可能範囲にある場合はこ
れらを掛け合わせてガスフラックスを算出し、風速デー
タが測定可能範囲より低い場合は測定可能下限値の風速
に平均ガス濃度を掛け合わせてガスフラックスを算出
し、平均ガス濃度データが測定可能範囲より低い場合は
測定可能下限値のガス濃度に風速を掛け合わせてガスフ
ラックスを算出するようになっている。The data processing device 3 retrieves the average gas concentration data from the gas concentration data collecting and storing device 1 and the wind direction and wind speed data corresponding to each gas detecting device from the wind direction and wind speed data collecting and storing device 2, and averages these. If the gas concentration data and wind speed data are in the measurable range, they are multiplied to calculate the gas flux.If the wind speed data is lower than the measurable range, the measurable lower limit wind speed is multiplied by the average gas concentration. The gas flux is calculated, and when the average gas concentration data is lower than the measurable range, the gas concentration is calculated by multiplying the measurable lower limit gas concentration by the wind speed.
【００６５】図３は本発明のＣＲＴ表示装置８による表
示例であり、プラントのなかの一部である長方形をなす
敷地部分を示し、敷地に設置されている機器の表示はこ
こでは省略されている。FIG. 3 is a display example by the CRT display device 8 of the present invention, showing a rectangular site portion which is a part of the plant, and the display of the equipment installed on the site is omitted here. There is.
【００６６】敷地の左下角を原点として図３のように
Ｘ，Ｙ軸をとるときにガス検出装置Ｇ（１）〜Ｇ（１
０）は敷地の周囲に配置されている。When the X and Y axes are set as shown in FIG. 3 with the lower left corner of the site as the origin, the gas detectors G (1) to G (1
0) is located around the site.
【００６７】Ｇ（１）、Ｇ（２）、Ｇ（９）、Ｇ（１
０）は図３に黒点で示す２つのガス検出点を持ち、それ
以外は図３に黒点で示す１つのガス検出点を持つ。G (1), G (2), G (9), G (1
0) has two gas detection points shown by black dots in FIG. 3, and other than that has one gas detection point shown by black dots in FIG.
【００６８】風向風向計Ｂ（１）は敷地中央部に設置さ
れている。Wind direction The wind vane B (1) is installed in the central part of the site.
【００６９】図３には平均ガス濃度データと風向風速デ
ータがそれぞれ測定可能範囲にあるガス検知装置Ｇ
（１）に対して、作用の項で説明した回帰分析に基づき
ガス漏洩領域を計算し表示している。FIG. 3 shows a gas detector G in which the average gas concentration data and the wind direction and wind speed data are in the measurable range.
For (1), the gas leakage region is calculated and displayed based on the regression analysis described in the section of action.
【００７０】以下に数値例によって示すと、図３に示す
地域は敷地とその上６ｍの位置にある水平架台に挟まれ
た空間であり、濃度１００％のエチレンが漏洩し、最初
にガス検出装置Ｇ（１）が平均ガス濃度データと風向風
速データがそれぞれ測定可能範囲にあるデータを検出し
た。As shown by the numerical examples below, the area shown in FIG. 3 is a space between the site and a horizontal stand located 6 m above it, and ethylene with a concentration of 100% leaks, and the gas detection device is first used. G (1) detected data in which the average gas concentration data and the wind direction wind speed data were in the measurable range.
【００７１】ガス検出装置の敷地からの高さは全て２．
５ｍであり、最初はガス漏洩点の高さが不明なのでとり
あえずガス検知器の高さと同じとする。即ち、All heights from the site of the gas detector are 2.
Since it is 5 m, and the height of the gas leak point is unknown at first, it is assumed to be the same as the height of the gas detector for the time being. That is,
【００７２】Ｇ1,1（５，０，２．５），Ｇ1,2（１５，
０，２．５），Ｃｙ＝０．２１ Ｃｚ＝０．１２，ｎ＝１／４，Ｈ＝２．５（ｍ），Ｔ＝
６（ｍ）G 1,1 (5,0,2.5), G 1,2 (15,
0, 2.5), Cy = 0.21 Cz = 0.12, n = 1/4, H = 2.5 (m), T =
6 (m)
【００７３】最初の２分間に１０秒間隔で１２個のデー
タが得られ、これらについて４次式による回帰分析の結
果得られた回帰式から以下のような測定された範囲内の
４つの風向の方位とガスフラックスの値を選択した。即
ち、Twelve data were obtained at 10-second intervals during the first 2 minutes, and from these regression equations obtained as a result of regression analysis by a quartic equation, four wind directions within the measured range were calculated as follows. Values of orientation and gas flux were selected. That is,
【００７４】Ｆ1,1＝８０×１０-6（ｍ3／ｍ2・ｓ），
α1＝６５π／１８０ Ｆ1,2＝１４０×１０-6（ｍ3／ｍ2・ｓ），α2＝６０π
／１８０ Ｆ1,3＝１７９×１０-6（ｍ3／ｍ2・ｓ），α3＝７０π
／１８０ Ｆ1,4＝２３５×１０-6（ｍ3／ｍ2・ｓ），α4＝８０π
／１８０F 1,1 = 80 × 10 -6 (m 3 / m 2 · s),
α 1 = 65π / 180 F 1,2 = 140 × 10 −6 (m 3 / m 2 · s), α 2 = 60π
/ 180 F 1,3 = 179 × 10 −6 (m 3 / m 2 · s), α 3 = 70π
/ 180 F 1,4 = 235 × 10 −6 (m 3 / m 2 · s), α 4 = 80π
/ 180
【００７５】上記の最初の２つのガスフラックスと方位
から作用の項で説明した方法で求めたガス漏洩領域を図
３に実線で示すｑ１２で表示している。The gas leakage region obtained by the method described in the section of action from the above first two gas fluxes and directions is shown by q12 shown by the solid line in FIG.
【００７６】次に１番目と３番目のデータから同様に破
線で示すｑ１３が得られた。Next, q13 indicated by a broken line was obtained from the first and third data in the same manner.
【００７７】図３に表示したようにｑ１２とｑ１３は座
標（１９．８，２０．３，２．５）に於て１つの交点を
もち、この点に於てガス漏洩量が等しいのでガス漏洩点
の候補となる点の近似的２次元位置を与えている。交点
が１つであることからガス漏洩点の候補ではなくまさに
近似的２次元位置であると考えて良い。ガス漏洩量が等
しい交点が２つ以上ある時にはどちらかが真のガス漏洩
点の近似的２次元位置であるかの判別は難しい。このよ
うなことはガス検出装置のガス検出点が等間隔で一直線
に並んだときなどに出易い。As shown in FIG. 3, q12 and q13 have one intersection at the coordinates (19.8, 20.3, 2.5), and at this point the amount of gas leakage is equal, so gas leakage is The approximate two-dimensional position of a point candidate is given. Since there is only one intersection, it may be considered that it is not a gas leak point candidate but an approximate two-dimensional position. When there are two or more intersections having the same gas leakage amount, it is difficult to determine which is the approximate two-dimensional position of the true gas leakage point. Such a thing is likely to occur when the gas detection points of the gas detection device are aligned in a straight line at equal intervals.
【００７８】次に１番目と４番目のデータから同様にｑ
１４が得られ（図示されていない）、前記ガス漏洩点の
近似的２次元位置の近傍でｑ１２及びｑ１３と交わる
が、近似的２次元位置を通らなかったので、ガス漏洩的
の高さを仮定し直して再計算したところ、座標（２０．
０，２０．０，１．０）に於て３つのガス漏洩領域が互
いに交わり、それぞれのガス漏洩量が７２（ｍ3／ｈ）
で一致したのでこの点を推定されるガス漏洩点の３次元
位置とした。Next, similarly from the first and fourth data, q
14 is obtained (not shown) and intersects q12 and q13 in the vicinity of the approximate two-dimensional position of the gas leak point, but does not pass through the approximate two-dimensional position, so a gas leaky height is assumed. When recalculated and recalculated, the coordinates (20.
0, 20.0, 1.0), the three gas leakage regions intersect with each other, and the amount of each gas leakage is 72 (m 3 / h)
Therefore, this point was set as the estimated three-dimensional position of the gas leakage point.
【００７９】実施例２ 上記実施例１に於てＧ（３）から次の１分間に１０秒間
隔で６個のデータが得られ、これらについての２次式に
よる回帰分析の結果得られた回帰式から以下のような測
定された範囲内の２つの風向の方位とガスフラックスの
値を選択した。即ち、Example 2 Six data were obtained from G (3) in the following 1 minute at intervals of 10 seconds, and a regression obtained as a result of regression analysis by a quadratic equation for these was obtained. From the equation, two wind direction and gas flux values within the measured range were selected as follows. That is,
【００８０】Ｆ3,5＝３６×１０-6（ｍ3／ｍ2・Ｓ），
α5＝４０π／１８０ Ｆ3,6＝１９９×１０-6（ｍ3／ｍ2・Ｓ），α6＝３５π
／１８０F 3,5 = 36 × 10 -6 (m 3 / m 2 · S),
α 5 = 40π / 180 F 3,6 = 199 × 10 −6 (m 3 / m 2 · S), α 6 = 35π
/ 180
【００８１】上記の２つのガスフラックスと方位から作
用の項で説明した方法で求めたガス漏洩領域を図４にｑ
５６で表示している。また、図４には図３に於けるｑ１
２を表示しており、ｑ５６とは３点で交わる。この場合
３つの交点のうち中央の交点に於けるｑ１２及びｑ５６
のガス漏洩量が３つのなかで一番一致するのでガス漏洩
点の候補となる点の近似的２次元位置として図４に表示
した。ガス漏洩点の高さを仮定し直して再計算したとこ
ろ、実施例１と同じ結果が得られた。FIG. 4 shows the gas leakage region obtained from the above two gas fluxes and directions by the method explained in the section of action.
It is indicated by 56. Further, in FIG. 4, q1 in FIG.
2 is displayed and intersects with q56 at 3 points. In this case, q12 and q56 at the center intersection among the three intersections
Since the gas leakage amount of 3 is the best match among the three, it is shown in FIG. 4 as an approximate two-dimensional position of the candidate gas leakage point. When the height of the gas leak point was re-calculated and recalculated, the same result as in Example 1 was obtained.
【００８２】実施例３ 上記実施例２に於てガス漏洩領域を求めないで直接ガス
漏洩点を求めるために対象とする地域を格子状に分割
し、格子点のＢを（９）式により計算した。格子の間隔
は最初５ｍとし、次にＢ値が１０以下の領域については
前の１／５の格子間隔とし、更にＢ値が１以下の領域に
ついては前の１／５の格子間隔として同じ点の重複計算
がないように計算した。各格子点を囲む正方形をＢ値が
大きい所は安全色の緑としＢ値が小さくなるにしたがっ
て段々危険色である赤色となるようにして表示した。ま
た、Ｂ値が０．１以下の領域は点滅するようにした。Embodiment 3 In the above-mentioned Embodiment 2, the target area is divided into grids in order to directly find the gas leak point without finding the gas leak area, and the grid point B is calculated by the equation (9). did. The grid spacing is 5m first, then the previous 1/5 grid spacing for areas with a B value of 10 or less, and the same 1/5 grid spacing for areas with a B value of 1 or less. Calculated so that there is no duplicate calculation of. A square surrounding each grid point is displayed such that a portion having a large B value is green as a safety color and as the B value becomes smaller, it becomes a red color which is a dangerous color. Further, the area where the B value is 0.1 or less is made to blink.
【００８３】ここでは以上の様子を説明するために図５
にこのようにして計算された各Ｘ値に対するＹ方向のＢ
の最小値の常用対数値を示した。図５から分かるように
仮定した高さＨは２．５，１．５，１（ｍ）の３つであ
り、１（ｍ）の高さのときＢは１０-2以下となる点があ
り、この点の座標及びガス漏洩量は実施例１及び２と同
じ結果となった。Here, in order to explain the above situation, FIG.
B in the Y direction for each X value calculated in this way
The common logarithm of the minimum value of is shown. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the assumed heights H are 2.5, 1.5, and 1 (m), and when the height is 1 (m), B is 10 −2 or less. The coordinates of this point and the amount of gas leakage were the same as those in Examples 1 and 2.
【００８４】[0084]
【発明の効果】上記した説明から明らかなように、本発
明による複数点の平均ガス濃度を含むガス検出システム
に於けるガス漏洩領域、ガス漏洩点及びガス漏洩量の推
定方法によれば、ガス検出装置からの測定データとその
近傍または同じ場所にある風向風速計からの測定データ
を処理してガスフラックスの値を算出し、このガスフラ
ックスとその向きとからデータの揺らぎを考慮したガス
漏洩領域、３次元ガス漏洩点及びガス漏洩量を数理的に
確実な方法で正確に推定することができる。As is apparent from the above description, according to the method for estimating the gas leakage region, the gas leakage point, and the gas leakage amount in the gas detection system including the average gas concentrations of a plurality of points according to the present invention, The gas leakage value is calculated by processing the measurement data from the detector and the measurement data from the anemometer near or at the same location to calculate the value of the gas flux, and considering the fluctuation of the data from this gas flux and its direction. It is possible to accurately estimate the three-dimensional gas leak point and the gas leak amount by a mathematically reliable method.
【図１】ガス検知装置のガス検出点とガス漏洩点の位置
関係を示す図。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between a gas detection point and a gas leakage point of a gas detection device.
【図２】本発明が適用されたガス漏洩検出システムの構
成を示すブロック図。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a gas leakage detection system to which the present invention has been applied.
【図３・４】ガス漏洩領域、ガス漏洩点の近似的位置お
よびガス漏洩量推定におけるＣＲＴ表示装置への表示
例。FIGS. 3 and 4 are examples of display on a CRT display device in estimating a gas leakage area, an approximate position of a gas leakage point, and a gas leakage amount.
【図５】ガス漏洩点を一気に求める方法を説明する図。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a method of obtaining a gas leak point at a stretch.
１ ガス濃度データ収集記憶装置 ２ 風速風向データ収集記憶装置 ３ データ処理装置 ４ キーボード ５ 計器位置記憶装置 ６ 外部記憶装置 ７ 警報器 ８ ＣＲＴ表示装置 ９ プリンタ 1 gas concentration data collection storage device 2 wind speed wind direction data collection storage device 3 data processing device 4 keyboard 5 instrument position storage device 6 external storage device 7 alarm device 8 CRT display device 9 printer
Claims (8)
された１つまたは複数のガス検出点をもつ特定ガス検出
装置について、ほぼ同一時刻に対して得られた該ガス検
出点の平均ガス濃度データと該平均ガス濃度データの得
られた時刻とほぼ同一時刻の風向風速データからガス漏
洩領域を推定するための方法であって、 該ガス検出装置の各ガス検出点におけるガス濃度を該各
ガス検出点とガス漏洩点との間の位置関係と、風速、ガ
ス漏洩量および気象条件によって定まるパラメーターと
の間の関係として表現するガス拡散式から、該各ガス検
出点について得られた平均ガス濃度との関係を表す新た
な式を作成し、 該各ガス検出点の高さの近傍の任意の高さをもつ水平面
上の点にガス漏洩点があると仮定し、 該ガス漏洩点から第１および第２の平均ガス濃度データ
に対する２つの風向の方位上に引いた線にそれぞれ該各
ガス検出点から垂線を引いて該ガス漏洩点と該各ガス検
出点との間の位置関係を求め、 これらの位置関係と第１および第２の該平均ガス濃度デ
ータから前記の新たな式に基いてガス漏洩点があると仮
定した点について得られるガス漏洩量の推定値をそれぞ
れ求め、 前記各ガス漏洩量の推定値が互いに一致する点の軌跡を
求め、 該軌跡を、推定されるガス漏洩領域とすることを特徴と
するガス漏洩領域の推定方法。1. Average gas concentration data of a specific gas detection device having one or a plurality of gas detection points arranged at arbitrary positions in a certain area, obtained at substantially the same time. And a method for estimating a gas leakage region from wind direction and wind speed data at approximately the same time as the time at which the average gas concentration data was obtained, wherein the gas concentration at each gas detection point of the gas detection device is detected by the gas detection device. The average gas concentration obtained for each gas detection point from the gas diffusion formula expressed as the relationship between the positional relationship between the point and the gas leak point and the parameter determined by the wind speed, the gas leak amount, and the meteorological conditions. A new equation representing the relationship between the gas detection points is created, and it is assumed that there is a gas leakage point at a point on the horizontal plane having an arbitrary height near the height of each gas detection point. Second flat A vertical line is drawn from each of the gas detection points on the two lines drawn on the azimuth direction of the uniform gas concentration data to obtain the positional relationship between the gas leak point and each of the gas detection points. And an estimated value of the gas leakage amount obtained from the first and second average gas concentration data based on the above-mentioned new equation on the assumption that there is a gas leakage point. A method for estimating a gas leakage region, characterized in that a locus of points whose values match each other is obtained, and the locus is used as an estimated gas leakage region.
された１つまたは複数のガス検出点をもつ特定ガス検出
装置について、ほぼ同一時刻に対して得られた該ガス検
出点の平均ガス濃度データと該平均ガス濃度データの得
られた時刻とほぼ同一時刻の風向風速データからガス漏
洩領域或いはガス漏洩点の候補となる点の近似的２次元
位置としてのガス漏洩領域を推定するための方法であっ
て、 該ガス検出装置の各ガス検出点におけるガス濃度を該各
ガス検出点とガス漏洩点との間の位置関係と、風速、ガ
ス漏洩量および気象条件によって定まるパラメーターと
の間の関係として表現するガス拡散式から、該各ガス検
出点について得られた平均ガス濃度との関係を表す新た
な式を作成し、 該各ガス検出点の高さの近傍の任意の高さをもつ水平面
上の点にガス漏洩点があると仮定し、 該ガス漏洩点から第１〜第３の平均ガス濃度データから
選ばれた２つの平均ガス濃度データに対する２つの風向
の方位上に引いた線にそれぞれ該各ガス検出点から垂線
を引いて該ガス漏洩点と該各ガス検出点との間の位置関
係を求め、 これらの位置関係と、対応する平均ガス濃度データから
前記の新たな式に基いてガス漏洩点があると仮定した点
について得られるガス漏洩量の推定値をそれぞれ求め、 前記各ガス漏洩量の推定値が互いに一致する点の軌跡を
求め、 前記第１〜第３の平均ガス濃度データから選ばれた更に
もう１組の異なる２つの平均ガス濃度データについて同
様な演算を行い、前記と同様な軌跡を更にもう１つ求
め、 これらの軌跡が交わり、それぞれのガス漏洩量が一致す
る点を、推定されるガス漏洩領域或いはガス漏洩点の候
補となる点の近似的２次元位置とすることを特徴とする
ガス漏洩領域の推定方法。2. The average gas concentration data of a specific gas detection device having one or a plurality of gas detection points arranged at arbitrary positions within a certain area, obtained at approximately the same time. And a method for estimating a gas leakage region as an approximate two-dimensional position of a gas leakage region or a point that is a candidate for a gas leakage point from wind direction and wind speed data at approximately the same time as the time when the average gas concentration data was obtained. Then, the gas concentration at each gas detection point of the gas detection device is defined as the relationship between the positional relationship between each gas detection point and the gas leakage point and the parameter determined by the wind speed, the gas leakage amount, and the weather conditions. From the gas diffusion formula to be expressed, a new formula representing the relationship with the average gas concentration obtained for each gas detection point is created, and a horizontal plane having an arbitrary height near the height of each gas detection point is created. It is assumed that there is a gas leak point at the point of, and the lines drawn on the two wind direction directions with respect to the two average gas concentration data selected from the first to third average gas concentration data from the gas leak point, respectively. A vertical line is drawn from each of the gas detection points to obtain the positional relationship between the gas leak point and each of the gas detection points. Based on these positional relationships and the corresponding average gas concentration data, based on the above new equation. The estimated values of the gas leakage amounts obtained for the points assuming that there are gas leakage points are obtained, and the loci of points at which the estimated values of the respective gas leakage amounts match each other are obtained, and the first to third average gas concentrations are obtained. The same calculation is performed on yet another set of two different average gas concentration data selected from the data, and another locus similar to the above is obtained, and these loci intersect, and the respective gas leakage amounts match. Estimate the point A method for estimating a gas leakage region, which is set to an approximate two-dimensional position of a candidate gas leakage region or a gas leakage point candidate.
された１つまたは複数のガス検出点をもつ特定ガス検出
装置について、ほぼ同一時刻に対して得られた該ガス検
出点の平均ガス濃度データと該平均ガス濃度データの得
られた時刻とほぼ同一時刻の風向風速データからガス漏
洩領域或いはガス漏洩点の３次元位置としてのガス漏洩
領域を推定するための方法であって、 該ガス検出装置の各ガス検出点におけるガス濃度を該各
ガス検出点とガス漏洩点との間の位置関係と、風速、ガ
ス漏洩量および気象条件によって定まるパラメーターと
の間の関係として表現するガス拡散式から、該各ガス検
出点について得られた平均ガス濃度との関係を表す新た
な式を作成し、 該各ガス検出点の高さの近傍の任意の高さをもつ水平面
上の点にガス漏洩点があると仮定し、 該ガス漏洩点から第１〜第４の平均ガス濃度データから
選ばれた２つの平均ガス濃度データに対する２つの風向
の方位上に引いた線にそれぞれ該各ガス検出点から垂線
を引いて該ガス漏洩点と該各ガス検出点との間の位置関
係を求め、 これらの位置関係と、対応する平均ガス濃度データから
前記の新たな式に基いてガス漏洩点があると仮定した点
について得られるガス漏洩量の推定値をそれぞれ求め、 前記各ガス漏洩量の推定値が互いに一致する点の軌跡を
求め、 前記第１〜第４の平均ガス濃度データから選ばれた更に
もう２組の異なる２つの平均ガス濃度データについて同
様な演算を行い、前記と同様な軌跡を更にもう２つ求
め、 これらの軌跡が同一点で互いに交わりそれぞれのガス漏
洩量が一致すればこの点がガス漏洩点の３次元位置であ
り、 一致しない場合にはガス漏洩点の高さを仮定し直して再
計算し、 それぞれのガス漏洩量が一致する点を推定されるガス漏
洩点の３次元位置とすることを特徴とするガス漏洩領域
の推定方法。3. Average gas concentration data of a specific gas detection device having one or a plurality of gas detection points arranged at arbitrary positions within a certain area, obtained at substantially the same time. And a method for estimating a gas leakage region as a three-dimensional position of a gas leakage region or a gas leakage point from wind direction and wind speed data at approximately the same time as the time at which the average gas concentration data was obtained. From the gas diffusion formula expressing the gas concentration at each gas detection point as a positional relationship between each gas detection point and the gas leakage point, and the relationship between the wind speed, the gas leakage amount, and the parameter determined by the meteorological condition, A new equation representing the relationship with the obtained average gas concentration for each gas detection point is created, and the gas leakage point is located at a point on the horizontal plane having an arbitrary height near the height of each gas detection point. Assuming that each gas detection point is perpendicular to each of the lines drawn from the gas leakage points in the two wind direction directions with respect to the two average gas concentration data selected from the first to fourth average gas concentration data. To obtain the positional relationship between the gas leak point and each of the gas detection points, and it is assumed that there is a gas leak point based on these positional relationships and the corresponding average gas concentration data based on the new equation. The estimated value of the gas leakage amount obtained for each point is obtained, and the locus of points at which the estimated values of the respective gas leakage amounts are coincident with each other is determined, and further selected from the first to fourth average gas concentration data. The same calculation is performed on two sets of two different average gas concentration data, two more similar trajectories are obtained, and if these trajectories intersect at the same point and the respective gas leakage amounts match, this point Gas leak It is the 3D position of the point, and if they do not match, the height of the gas leak point is assumed again and recalculation is performed, and the point where the respective gas leak amounts match is taken as the estimated 3D position of the gas leak point. A method for estimating a gas leakage region, which is characterized by the following.
る過程を更に有することを特徴とする請求項３に記載の
ガス漏洩領域の推定方法。4. The method for estimating a gas leakage region according to claim 3, further comprising the step of obtaining a gas leakage amount from the gas diffusion formula.
データ数に等しい数をもって配置されること特徴とする
請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載のガス漏洩領域の推定
方法。5. The method for estimating a gas leakage region according to claim 1, wherein the gas detection devices are arranged in a number equal to at least the number of data.
を有し、これらのガス検出点について重み係数を掛けて
加算して前記平均ガス濃度データを求め、かつこの平均
ガス濃度データを略同一時刻に必要な数得ること特徴と
する請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載のガス漏洩領域の
推定方法。6. The gas detection device has a plurality of gas detection points, and these gas detection points are multiplied by a weighting factor and added to obtain the average gas concentration data, and the average gas concentration data are substantially the same. The method for estimating a gas leakage region according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a required number is obtained at a time.
検出装置に対して、 その平均ガス濃度データに風速を掛けて得られるガスフ
ラックスの対数を、ガス検出点の数を上回らない数の、
上に凸な極値をもつ風向の方位に関する関数で近似でき
るとして回帰分析し、得られた回帰式に基づいて推定に
必要なデータを得ることを特徴とする請求項１乃至６の
いずれかに記載の方法。7. A gas detection device having one or more gas detection points, wherein the logarithm of the gas flux obtained by multiplying the average gas concentration data by the wind speed does not exceed the number of gas detection points. ,
The data required for estimation is obtained based on the regression equation obtained by performing a regression analysis assuming that it can be approximated by a function relating to the direction of the wind direction having an upwardly convex extreme value. The method described.
上の場合にこれらを３次元的に配置するに当たって各検
出点が同じ水平面上の一直線上に等間隔に並ばないよう
に、また、上下にこれらを配置するに当たって同じ水平
座標とならないように配置することを特徴とする請求項
１若しくは７のいずれかに記載の方法。8. When the number of detection points of the gas detection device is three or more, when arranging them three-dimensionally, the detection points are not arranged on a straight line on the same horizontal plane at equal intervals, and 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower parts are arranged so that they do not have the same horizontal coordinate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14858994A JPH07333097A (en) | 1994-06-06 | 1994-06-06 | Method for measuring gas leakage region |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14858994A JPH07333097A (en) | 1994-06-06 | 1994-06-06 | Method for measuring gas leakage region |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07333097A true JPH07333097A (en) | 1995-12-22 |
Family
ID=15456135
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14858994A Pending JPH07333097A (en) | 1994-06-06 | 1994-06-06 | Method for measuring gas leakage region |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07333097A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004027369A2 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-01 | National Research Council Of Canada | Method and apparatus for detecting and locating gas leaks |
| CN105865722A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Deployment method of fixed monitoring and mobile emergency system |
| CN106482906A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-03-08 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of near surface gas based on dilatation wave leaks method for rapidly positioning |
| US20210055180A1 (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2021-02-25 | Bridger Photonics, Inc. | Apparatuses and methods for gas flux measurements |
| CN113586965A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-11-02 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | SF in GIS pipeline6Mixed gas on-line inflating device |
| CN113971874A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-25 | 中国化学工程第六建设有限公司 | Emergency safety alarm system for site operation |
-
1994
- 1994-06-06 JP JP14858994A patent/JPH07333097A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004027369A2 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-01 | National Research Council Of Canada | Method and apparatus for detecting and locating gas leaks |
| WO2004027369A3 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-11-18 | Ca Nat Research Council | Method and apparatus for detecting and locating gas leaks |
| US7430897B2 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2008-10-07 | National Research Council Of Canada | Method and apparatus for detecting and locating gas leaks |
| CN105865722A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Deployment method of fixed monitoring and mobile emergency system |
| CN105865722B (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2018-05-11 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | A kind of stationary monitoring and the dispositions method of moving emergency system |
| CN106482906A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-03-08 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of near surface gas based on dilatation wave leaks method for rapidly positioning |
| US20210055180A1 (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2021-02-25 | Bridger Photonics, Inc. | Apparatuses and methods for gas flux measurements |
| CN113586965A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-11-02 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | SF in GIS pipeline6Mixed gas on-line inflating device |
| CN113971874A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-25 | 中国化学工程第六建设有限公司 | Emergency safety alarm system for site operation |
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