JPH07311887A - Approach detector - Google Patents
Approach detectorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07311887A JPH07311887A JP6102709A JP10270994A JPH07311887A JP H07311887 A JPH07311887 A JP H07311887A JP 6102709 A JP6102709 A JP 6102709A JP 10270994 A JP10270994 A JP 10270994A JP H07311887 A JPH07311887 A JP H07311887A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- detected
- level
- master station
- received
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、互いの距離が接近して
いる同士、例えば建設機械と作業者などの接近状況を検
知できる接近検知装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an approach detection device capable of detecting the approach statuses of a construction machine and an operator who are close to each other.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、建設現場の作業に従事する作業者
が高齢化している。また、作業に未熟な作業者も増加し
ている。それに伴い、重量のある大型の建設機器、例え
ば建設機械や建設車両と作業者の接触による死傷事故が
増加傾向にある。このように無意識のうちに建設機器に
作業者が接触する死傷事故をなくすために、建設機器と
作業者の接近状況を検知し、両者がある距離以内に接近
した場合に警報を発生し、作業者に対し危険を知らせる
一方、究極時には機器の動作を停止させる方法の実現が
求められている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, workers engaged in work at construction sites are aging. Further, the number of workers who are unskilled in the work is increasing. Along with this, there is an increasing tendency for fatal and injured accidents due to contact between workers and heavy construction equipment such as construction machinery and vehicles. In this way, in order to prevent accidents where workers unknowingly come into contact with construction equipment, the approach situation between construction equipment and the worker is detected, and an alarm is generated when both approach within a certain distance It is required to realize a method of stopping the operation of the equipment while at the same time notifying the person of danger.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】このような方法を実現
するために、電波や音波などの送信信号を送信する送信
装置と受信装置を建設機器に搭載し、建設機器の側から
送信信号を作業者に向けて送信し、作業者からの反射波
を受信し、その往復に要した時間から建設機器と作業者
の距離を検知する方法がある。しかし、この方法は、建
設機器と作業者の距離が近い場合、送信信号を送信して
から反射波を受信するまでの時間が短く、両者の距離の
測定が困難である。In order to realize such a method, a transmitter and a receiver for transmitting transmission signals such as radio waves and sound waves are mounted on construction equipment, and the transmission signals are processed from the construction equipment side. There is a method of detecting the distance between the construction equipment and the worker from the time required for the round trip by transmitting the wave to the worker and receiving the reflected wave from the worker. However, with this method, when the distance between the construction equipment and the worker is short, the time from transmitting the transmission signal to receiving the reflected wave is short, and it is difficult to measure the distance between the two.
【０００４】また、何かの手段で接近が検知できた場
合、建設機器周辺の作業者に識別コードを付与し、時分
割通信などの技術を利用して特定の作業者に対し警報を
発する方法も考えられる。例えば、建設機器が移動する
方向など、危険な作業領域にいる作業者に対し、建設機
器の側から個別に警報を発する方法である。しかし、こ
の方法は、作業者の全員に識別コードを付与し、作業者
に個別に警報を発する方式であるためシステムが複雑に
なり、実用的な方法とは言えない。Further, when the approach can be detected by some means, a worker is provided with an identification code around the construction equipment, and an alarm is given to a specific worker by using a technique such as time division communication. Can also be considered. For example, it is a method of individually issuing an alarm from the construction equipment side to a worker in a dangerous work area such as a direction in which the construction equipment moves. However, this method is not a practical method because the system is complicated because it gives a warning to each worker by giving an identification code to all the workers.
【０００５】本発明は、上記した欠点を解決するもの
で、互いの距離が接近している同士、例えば建設機器と
不特定多数の作業者の接近状況などを認識し、なお簡単
な機器の構成で検知できる接近検知装置を提供すること
を目的とする。The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks by recognizing that the distance between each other is close, for example, the approach situation between a construction machine and an unspecified number of workers, and the construction of a simple machine. It is an object of the present invention to provide an approach detection device that can be detected by.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の接近検知装置
は、変調信号の周波数が異なり、かつ周波数が異なる変
調信号ごとに出力レベルが異なる複数の送信パルス信号
を、所定の周期で繰り返し送信する送信装置と、前記繰
り返し送信される複数の送信パルス信号を受信する受信
装置と、この受信装置で受信された前記送信パルス信号
の変調信号の周波数を検出する検出手段と、この検出手
段で検出された変調信号の周波数から、前記出力レベル
が異なる複数の送信パルス信号の受信レベルを判定し、
前記送信装置と前記受信装置の接近の度合を検知する装
置を具備している。An approach detection apparatus of the present invention repeatedly transmits a plurality of transmission pulse signals having different frequencies of modulated signals and different output levels for the modulated signals having different frequencies at a predetermined cycle. A transmitting device, a receiving device that receives the plurality of repeatedly transmitted transmitting pulse signals, a detecting unit that detects a frequency of a modulated signal of the transmitting pulse signal received by the receiving device, and a detecting unit that detects the detecting unit. From the frequency of the modulated signal, determine the reception level of a plurality of transmission pulse signals different output level,
A device for detecting the degree of approach between the transmitting device and the receiving device is provided.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】上記した構成によれば、建設機器などに搭載さ
れた送信装置即ち親局から、出力レベルが異なり、かつ
変調信号の周波数が異なる複数の送信パルス信号を、例
えば一定の周期で繰り返し送信している。そして、この
送信パルス信号は、発信装置から離れている作業者即ち
子局で受信される。According to the above-mentioned structure, a plurality of transmission pulse signals having different output levels and different modulation signal frequencies are repeatedly transmitted, for example, at a constant cycle from a transmitter mounted on a construction machine, that is, a master station. is doing. Then, this transmission pulse signal is received by an operator, that is, a slave station, which is distant from the transmitting device.
【０００８】したがって、子局で受信される送信パルス
信号の数は、親局からの距離に応じて変化する。例え
ば、親局の近くでは、信号レベルの低下が小さいので、
すべての送信パルス信号が受信される。しかし、距離が
遠くなるにしたがって、信号レベルの低下が大きくな
り、受信できる送信パルス信号の数が減少する。このよ
うに、子局で受信されるパルス信号の数が親局からの距
離によって変化する関係を利用して、親局との接近状況
を検出する。Therefore, the number of transmission pulse signals received by the slave station changes according to the distance from the master station. For example, the signal level drop is small near the master station,
All transmitted pulse signals are received. However, as the distance increases, the signal level decreases more and the number of transmit pulse signals that can be received decreases. In this way, the approach situation with the master station is detected by utilizing the relationship that the number of pulse signals received by the slave station changes depending on the distance from the master station.
【０００９】そして、親局と子局がある距離範囲内に近
付いたことを子局が検知した場合に、警報を発するなど
して危険を知らせる。なお、送信パルス信号のうち、ど
のレベルのパルス信号が受信されているかは、受信信号
を検波し変調信号の周波数を判別することにより予め定
められた出力レベルと変調周波数との関係を識別してい
る。このため、受信された送信パルス信号の出力レベル
と受信強度の距離における変化を確実に判別できる。Then, when the slave station detects that the master station and the slave station have approached within a certain distance range, a warning is given to notify the danger. The level of the pulse signal received in the transmission pulse signal is detected by detecting the received signal and determining the frequency of the modulation signal to identify the relationship between the predetermined output level and the modulation frequency. There is. Therefore, it is possible to reliably determine the change in the output level of the received transmission pulse signal and the reception intensity in the distance.
【００１０】上記した構成によれば、子局は、親局から
送られる送信パルス信号を受信する機能を持つだけで、
送信する機能を持っていない。このため、子局の数が多
くなってもシステムの構成は複雑にならない。信号をパ
ルスとすることと、変調周波数によりパルスを識別する
ことによりＳ／Ｎの改善を図ると同時に、また、電力消
費も小さく小型、軽量にできる。According to the above configuration, the slave station has only the function of receiving the transmission pulse signal sent from the master station,
It does not have the ability to send. Therefore, the system configuration does not become complicated even if the number of slave stations increases. By making the signal a pulse and discriminating the pulse by the modulation frequency, the S / N is improved, and at the same time, the power consumption is small and the size and weight can be reduced.
【００１１】なお、親局から繰り返し送られる送信パル
ス信号に対し、子局で受信したパターンを、コンピュー
タなどを利用してある期間に亘って分析する構成にする
こともできる。この場合、作業者の過去の行動などをも
とに将来の行動を予測することができ、適確な警報を適
宜発生できる。It is also possible to use a computer or the like to analyze the pattern received by the slave station with respect to the transmission pulse signal repeatedly transmitted from the master station over a certain period. In this case, future actions can be predicted based on the past actions of the worker, and appropriate alarms can be appropriately generated.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例について、図面を参
照して説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１３】本発明の実施例では、建設機器などの側
に、図１に示されるような構成の送信装置、即ち親局が
搭載される。一方、作業者は、図２に示されるような構
成の受信装置、即ち子局を携帯している。In the embodiment of the present invention, a transmitter having a configuration as shown in FIG. 1, that is, a master station is mounted on the side of construction equipment or the like. On the other hand, the worker carries a receiver, that is, a slave station, having the configuration shown in FIG.
【００１４】ここで、建設機器などの側に搭載される親
局の構成について、図１を参照して説明する。The configuration of the master station mounted on the side of construction equipment will be described with reference to FIG.
【００１５】１１は変調信号発生器で、例えば８００Ｈ
ｚから１２００Ｈｚまで１００Ｈｚの周波数間隔を持つ
５個の変調信号ｆ１、ｆ２、ｆ３、ｆ４、ｆ５を発生し
ている。変調信号発生器１１は送信制御コンピュータ１
２で予め定められた送信レベルと変調信号の関係におい
て制御され、５個の変調信号ｆ１〜ｆ５のうちその１つ
が順に選択され増幅器１３に送られる。例えば最初の１
００ミリ秒の間は変調信号ｆ１が選択され増幅器１３に
送られる。次の１００ｍ秒の間は変調信号ｆ２が選択さ
れ増幅器１３に送られる。このようにして、変調信号ｆ
５までが順に選択され増幅器１３に送られる。そして、
５個目の変調信号ｆ５が増幅器１３に送られた後、ふた
たび変調信号ｆ１〜ｆ５が順に選択され増幅器１３に送
られる。したがって、変調信号発生器１１からは、変調
信号ｆ１〜ｆ５が０．５秒の周期で繰り返し生成され、
増幅器１３に送られる。なお、増幅器１３で増幅された
変調信号ｆ１〜ｆ５は変調器１４に加えられる。Reference numeral 11 is a modulation signal generator, for example 800H
Five modulated signals f1, f2, f3, f4 and f5 having a frequency interval of 100 Hz from z to 1200 Hz are generated. The modulation signal generator 11 is the transmission control computer 1
Controlled according to the relationship between the predetermined transmission level and the modulation signal in 2, one of the five modulation signals f1 to f5 is sequentially selected and sent to the amplifier 13. For example the first one
The modulated signal f1 is selected and sent to the amplifier 13 for 00 milliseconds. During the next 100 ms, the modulation signal f2 is selected and sent to the amplifier 13. In this way, the modulated signal f
Up to 5 are sequentially selected and sent to the amplifier 13. And
After the fifth modulated signal f5 is sent to the amplifier 13, the modulated signals f1 to f5 are again selected in order and sent to the amplifier 13. Therefore, the modulation signal generator 11 repeatedly generates the modulation signals f1 to f5 at a cycle of 0.5 seconds,
It is sent to the amplifier 13. The modulated signals f1 to f5 amplified by the amplifier 13 are added to the modulator 14.
【００１６】変調器１４には、水晶発振器１５が発生し
逓倍器１６で逓倍された信号は変調器１４において、変
調信号ｆ１〜ｆ５により変調され終段増幅器１７に加え
られる。同時に終段増幅器１７の動作は制御コンピュー
タ１２で予め定められた出力レベルに制御され、変調さ
れた信号を増幅している。この増幅の際、変調信号ｆ１
〜ｆ５は、パルス信号として、同時に、変調信号ｆ１〜
ｆ５ごとに出力レベルが順に小さくなるように制御され
る。なお、変調信号ｆ１〜ｆ５は、それぞれパルス幅が
１０ミリ秒で、互いの時間間隔が１００ミリ秒の５個の
パルス信号に変換され、このような５個のパルス信号が
０．５秒の周期で生成される。そして、終段増幅器１７
で生成されたパルス信号は、送信パルス信号として送信
アンテナＡ１から送信される。In the modulator 14, the signal generated by the crystal oscillator 15 and multiplied by the multiplier 16 is modulated by the modulation signals f1 to f5 in the modulator 14 and added to the final stage amplifier 17. At the same time, the operation of the final stage amplifier 17 is controlled to a predetermined output level by the control computer 12, and the modulated signal is amplified. During this amplification, the modulation signal f1
F5 are modulated signals f1 to f5 at the same time as pulse signals.
The output level is controlled to decrease in sequence for each f5. The modulated signals f1 to f5 are converted into five pulse signals each having a pulse width of 10 milliseconds and a mutual time interval of 100 milliseconds. Such five pulse signals have a duration of 0.5 seconds. It is generated in a cycle. And the final stage amplifier 17
The pulse signal generated in 1 is transmitted from the transmission antenna A1 as a transmission pulse signal.
【００１７】なお、親局から送信された電波は、建設機
器の周辺で作業する作業者が携帯する受信機、即ち子局
で受信される。ここで、子局の構成について図２を参照
して説明する。The radio wave transmitted from the master station is received by a receiver carried by a worker working around the construction equipment, that is, a slave station. Here, the configuration of the slave station will be described with reference to FIG.
【００１８】親局から送信された電波は子局の受信アン
テナＡ２で受信される。受信アンテナＡ２で受信された
信号は高周波増幅器２１で増幅され、周波数変換器２２
に供給される。周波数変換器２２には、水晶発振器２３
から局発信号が加えられており、受信された信号は中間
周波数に変換される。中間周波数に変換された受信信号
は中間周波増幅器２４で増幅され対数検波器２５で検波
される。検波された信号は変調信号検出器２６およびレ
ベル検出器２７に加えられる。そして、変調信号検出器
２６では、受信された送信パルス信号から変調信号が検
出される。同時に、レベル検出器２７では受信信号の信
号レベルが検出される。The radio wave transmitted from the master station is received by the reception antenna A2 of the slave station. The signal received by the receiving antenna A2 is amplified by the high frequency amplifier 21, and the frequency converter 22
Is supplied to. The frequency converter 22 includes a crystal oscillator 23.
The local signal is added to the received signal and the received signal is converted to an intermediate frequency. The received signal converted into the intermediate frequency is amplified by the intermediate frequency amplifier 24 and detected by the logarithmic detector 25. The detected signal is applied to the modulation signal detector 26 and the level detector 27. Then, the modulation signal detector 26 detects the modulation signal from the received transmission pulse signal. At the same time, the level detector 27 detects the signal level of the received signal.
【００１９】ところで、親局から送信された送信パルス
信号が子局で受信される場合、受信信号レベルは、図３
に示すように親局と子局間の距離の２乗に反比例する。
図３の横軸は距離（Ｒ）、縦軸は信号レベル（Ｅ）であ
る。しかし、受信信号を対数検波器を用いて検波するこ
とにより、受信信号の信号レベルと距離は図４に示すよ
うに比例関係になる。図４で、横軸は距離（Ｒ）、また
縦軸は信号レベル（Ｅ）である。By the way, when the transmission pulse signal transmitted from the master station is received by the slave station, the reception signal level is as shown in FIG.
As shown in, it is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the parent station and the child station.
In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents the distance (R) and the vertical axis represents the signal level (E). However, by detecting the received signal using the logarithmic detector, the signal level of the received signal and the distance have a proportional relationship as shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the horizontal axis represents the distance (R) and the vertical axis represents the signal level (E).
【００２０】ここで、変調信号ｆ１に対応する受信パル
スをＰ１とし、その他の変調信号ｆ２〜ｆ５に対応する
受信パルスをそれぞれＰ２〜Ｐ５とする。このとき、受
信パルスＰ１〜Ｐ５の信号レベルは、送信パルス信号の
出力の低下に対応して、Ｐ１からＰ５の順に小さくな
る。この関係を図５に示す。図５は、縦軸が受信パルス
の信号レベルＶD 、そして横軸が距離Ｒである。Here, it is assumed that the received pulse corresponding to the modulated signal f1 is P1 and the received pulses corresponding to the other modulated signals f2 to f5 are P2 to P5, respectively. At this time, the signal levels of the reception pulses P1 to P5 decrease in the order of P1 to P5 in response to the decrease in the output of the transmission pulse signal. This relationship is shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the vertical axis represents the signal level VD of the received pulse, and the horizontal axis represents the distance R.
【００２１】ところで、図６で示すように原点Ｏに親局
が位置し、その周辺に３個の子局Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃがあり、子
局Ａが親局に一番近く、子局Ｃが一番遠いものとする。
そして、原点Ｏにある親局から子局Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃまでの距
離Ｒを横軸に取り、受信パルスの信号レベルＶD を縦軸
に取ると、子局Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃにおける信号レベルＶD は、
図７のようになる。By the way, as shown in FIG. 6, the master station is located at the origin O, and there are three slave stations A, B, and C around it, and the slave station A is the closest to the master station and the slave station C. Is farthest away.
When the horizontal axis represents the distance R from the master station at the origin O to the slave stations A, B, and C, and the vertical axis represents the signal level VD of the received pulse, the signal levels VD at the slave stations A, B, and C are shown. Is
It becomes like FIG.
【００２２】子局Ａは親局に近いために、例えば５個の
パルスＰ１〜Ｐ５が検出される。また子局Ｂでは４個の
パルスＰ１〜Ｐ４が、また子局Ｃでは２個のパルスＰ
１、Ｐ２が検出される。なお、各パルスＰ１〜Ｐ５は１
００ミリ秒間隔であるため、縦軸に信号レベルＶD を、
また横軸に時間Ｔを取ると、子局Ａでは図８のように１
００ミリ秒間隔でパルスＰ１〜Ｐ５が検出される。ま
た、子局Ｃで検出される受信パルスは図９のようにな
る。なお、Ｐ１〜Ｐ５のどのパルスが検出されたかは、
変調信号検出器２６で検出された変調信号の周波数をも
とに判別される。Since the slave station A is close to the master station, for example, five pulses P1 to P5 are detected. The slave station B has four pulses P1 to P4, and the slave station C has two pulses P1 to P4.
1, P2 is detected. Each pulse P1 to P5 is 1
Since the intervals are 00 milliseconds, the vertical axis indicates the signal level VD,
If the time T is plotted on the horizontal axis, at the slave station A, as shown in FIG.
The pulses P1 to P5 are detected at intervals of 00 milliseconds. The received pulse detected by the slave station C is as shown in FIG. In addition, which pulse of P1 to P5 is detected is
The determination is made based on the frequency of the modulation signal detected by the modulation signal detector 26.
【００２３】上記したように、子局が親局に近くなると
全てのパルスＰ１〜Ｐ５が検出され、また親局から遠ざ
かるにつれて検出されるパルスの数は少なくなる。この
ように親局からの距離に応じて子局で検出されるパルス
の数が変化する。As described above, all the pulses P1 to P5 are detected when the slave station is close to the master station, and the number of pulses detected decreases as the slave station moves away from the master station. In this way, the number of pulses detected by the slave station changes according to the distance from the master station.
【００２４】したがって、変調信号検出装置２６で検出
される変調信号の周波数によって、５個のパルスＰ１〜
Ｐ５のうちどのパルスが検出されたかが判定され、その
判定結果が受信レベルと共に受信制御コンピュータ２８
に送られ、予め定められた送信出力レベルに伴う受信レ
ベルの距離における変化を、実験データをも加味したコ
ンピュータのアルゴリズムによって信号処理が行われ接
近状況が判断される。その結果、親局と子局が接近し危
険と判断されると警報装置２９を動作させ例えば警報音
を発生する。Therefore, depending on the frequency of the modulation signal detected by the modulation signal detecting device 26, the five pulses P1 to P1
It is determined which pulse of P5 has been detected, and the determination result and the reception level are received together with the reception control computer 28.
Then, signal processing is performed by a computer algorithm in consideration of the change in the distance of the reception level associated with a predetermined transmission output level, and the approach situation is judged. As a result, when the master station and the slave station approach each other and it is determined to be dangerous, the alarm device 29 is operated and, for example, an alarm sound is generated.
【００２５】なお警報音を発生する場合、例えば全ての
パルスＰ１〜Ｐ５が検出される状態になった際に、子局
と親局が接近したと判断して発生するようにしてもよ
く、また、受信信号レベルが高い例えばＰ１〜Ｐ３の３
個のパルスが検出された際に一応の警報音を発し、その
後、Ｐ１〜Ｐ５の５個のパルスが検出された際に、至近
距離に接近したものと判断して高い警報音を発生し危険
を知らせるようにしてもよい。When the alarm sound is generated, for example, when all the pulses P1 to P5 are detected, the alarm sound may be generated by determining that the slave station and the master station are close to each other. , The received signal level is high, for example 3 of P1 to P3
When a single pulse is detected, a tentative alarm sound is emitted, and then, when five pulses P1 to P5 are detected, it is determined that the user is approaching a close range and a high alarm sound is generated, which is dangerous. May be notified.
【００２６】いずれにしても、これらの接近の判断基準
は、予め定められた送信出力レベルと受信レベルの距離
における変化に依存する。In any case, these judgment criteria for the approach depend on the change in distance between the predetermined transmission power level and reception level.
【００２７】ところで、親局からは複数の送信パルス信
号を１つのグループとして、これをある周期で繰り返し
送信している。したがって、子局の側で、受信されるパ
ルス数の変化をある期間に亘って収集し、この変化を、
制御コンピュータ２８などに搭載したソフトウェアのア
ルゴリズムによって分析するようにすることもできる。
このように受信パルス数の変化を分析すれば、親局と子
局の接近状況をより正確に判断できる。また、将来の位
置関係などを予測し、危険な状況を事前に判断すること
もできる。By the way, the master station repeatedly transmits a plurality of transmission pulse signals as one group in a certain cycle. Therefore, on the side of the slave station, a change in the number of pulses received is collected over a period of time, and this change is
It is also possible to analyze by an algorithm of software installed in the control computer 28 or the like.
By analyzing the change in the number of received pulses in this way, it is possible to more accurately determine the approach situation between the master station and the slave station. In addition, it is possible to predict a future positional relationship and to judge a dangerous situation in advance.
【００２８】例えば、建設機器と作業者が接触する恐れ
のある受信パルスの時間変化を、１つの受信パターンデ
ータとして収集しておく。そして、接触の恐れがある受
信パターンデータと子局で検出された実際の受信パター
ンとを、コンピュータに持たせたアルゴリズムなどを利
用して対比し、両パターンが類似する場合に警報を発生
することもできる。For example, the time change of the reception pulse that may cause a contact between the construction equipment and the worker is collected as one reception pattern data. Then, the reception pattern data that may be in contact with the actual reception pattern detected by the slave station are compared using an algorithm or the like provided in a computer, and an alarm is issued when both patterns are similar. You can also
【００２９】なお、親局と子局の接近状況は、上記した
ように受信されるパルス数の変化で検知される。しか
し、親局と子局の接近状況は、親局から送信された送信
信号を子局で受信する信号レベルでも検知できる。した
がって、図２のようにレベル検出器２７で受信信号の信
号レベルを検出している場合、受信信号の信号レベルか
ら得られる距離データと、パルス数の変化から得られる
距離データとを組み合わせて判断すれば、親局と子局の
接近状況をより確実に判定できる。The approach situation between the master station and the slave station is detected by the change in the number of pulses received as described above. However, the approaching state between the master station and the slave station can also be detected by the signal level at which the slave station receives the transmission signal transmitted from the master station. Therefore, when the signal level of the received signal is detected by the level detector 27 as shown in FIG. 2, it is determined by combining the distance data obtained from the signal level of the received signal and the distance data obtained from the change in the number of pulses. By doing so, it is possible to more reliably determine the approach situation between the master station and the slave station.
【００３０】また、子局に送信機能を持たせ、単に警報
音を発するだけでなく、建設機器の移動を停止させたり
減速させたりする信号を、建設機器に向け作業者が送信
する構成にすることもできる。また、建設機器を操作す
る人に対し警報を発することもできる。In addition, the slave station is provided with a transmission function so that the operator sends a signal to the construction equipment to stop or slow down the movement of the construction equipment as well as to simply emit an alarm sound. You can also It is also possible to give an alarm to a person who operates the construction equipment.
【００３１】ここで、建設機器の移動を停止させたり減
速させたりする構成について、図２を参照して説明す
る。Here, a structure for stopping or decelerating the movement of the construction equipment will be described with reference to FIG.
【００３２】例えば、制御コンピュータ２８の信号処理
により、危険と判定した場合は終段増幅器３１に信号を
送り、終段増幅器３１を動作させる。このとき、終段増
幅器３１には、変調信号発生器３２と水晶発振器３４か
ら逓倍器３５を通して変調器３３で変調された変調信号
が加えられており、この信号を送信信号として送信アン
テナＡ３から送信する。For example, when it is determined that the danger is caused by the signal processing of the control computer 28, a signal is sent to the final stage amplifier 31 to operate the final stage amplifier 31. At this time, the modulation signal generated by the modulator 33 is added to the final stage amplifier 31 from the modulation signal generator 32 and the crystal oscillator 34 through the multiplier 35, and this signal is transmitted from the transmission antenna A3 as a transmission signal. To do.
【００３３】送信アンテナＡ３から送信された送信信号
は、親局の受信アンテナＡ４（図１）で受信され、高周
波増幅器４１で増幅される。そして、周波数変換器４２
において、水晶発振器４３から送られる局発信号で周波
数変換され、中間周波増幅器４４で増幅される。増幅さ
れた後、検波器４５で検波され変調信号検出器４６で変
調信号が検出される。検出された変調信号は制御コンピ
ュータ１２に送られ処理される。そして、子局から危険
を知らせる信号と判断すると、例えば、建設機器の移動
を停止させたり減速させたりする回路のスイッチＳＷを
閉じ、建設機器を停止し、あるいは減速し危険を回避さ
せる。The transmission signal transmitted from the transmission antenna A3 is received by the reception antenna A4 (FIG. 1) of the master station and amplified by the high frequency amplifier 41. Then, the frequency converter 42
At, the frequency is converted by the local oscillation signal sent from the crystal oscillator 43 and amplified by the intermediate frequency amplifier 44. After being amplified, it is detected by the wave detector 45 and the modulated signal is detected by the modulated signal detector 46. The detected modulated signal is sent to the control computer 12 for processing. When it is determined that the signal notifies the danger from the slave station, for example, the switch SW of the circuit for stopping or decelerating the movement of the construction equipment is closed, and the construction equipment is stopped or decelerated to avoid the danger.
【００３４】なお、上記した実施例において、親局から
正規に送信される送信パルス信号は近くの建物などから
の反射波を受け子局が受信するレベルが地域により変動
することも予想される。このような多重波の影響を受け
た場合には、例えば子局の側で受信する信号レベルを制
御する処理を設けることで対応できる。例えば、親局か
ら送信される複数の送信パルスは、そのパルスの順番に
したがって出力レベルを小さくしている。このとき、出
力レベルをどのように低下させるかを親局の側で予め設
定した規則に従えば、子局の側で受信される信号レベル
の低下が予測できる。したがって、最初のパルスＰ１が
受信された場合にそのレベルを検出し、その後に受信さ
れるパルスＰ２〜Ｐ５の信号レベルを予測する。そし
て、予測された信号レベルが含まれるように受信レベル
の上限と下限を設定し、設定された信号レベルに挟まれ
た信号だけを正規のものとして受信するようにする。In the above-mentioned embodiment, it is expected that the level of the transmission pulse signal that is normally transmitted from the master station will be reflected by the nearby building and the like and the level received by the slave station will vary depending on the region. In the case of being affected by such multiple waves, it is possible to deal with the situation by providing processing for controlling the signal level received at the slave station side, for example. For example, the output level of a plurality of transmission pulses transmitted from the master station is reduced according to the order of the pulses. At this time, according to a rule preset by the master station as to how to reduce the output level, it is possible to predict a decrease in the signal level received by the slave station. Therefore, when the first pulse P1 is received, its level is detected, and the signal levels of the pulses P2 to P5 received thereafter are predicted. Then, the upper and lower limits of the reception level are set so that the predicted signal level is included, and only the signal sandwiched between the set signal levels is received as a normal signal.
【００３５】また、送信パルス信号を構成する各パルス
の時間間隔も予め設定してあるので、この時間間隔で到
来する信号のみを受信するような構成も併せて採用すれ
ば、反射波や雑音波の除去がより確実になる。Further, since the time interval of each pulse constituting the transmission pulse signal is also set in advance, if a structure for receiving only signals arriving at this time interval is also adopted, reflected waves and noise waves Will be more reliable.
【００３６】また、作業者が作業する環境は高温、高湿
など厳しい条件が予想される。したがって、子局は、警
報音を発生する部分を除いて、モールド完全密封構造と
するなど丈夫な作りにする。また、受信アンテナは、作
業ウェアに編み込む形式にするなどすれば作業者の姿勢
に関係なくあらゆる方向からの電波を受信でき、送信パ
ルス信号を確実に受信できる。なお、親局は車両などの
一部に取り付けられることになるので、金属や鋳物など
の箱に収納する構造にする。Further, it is expected that the working environment of the worker will be severe conditions such as high temperature and high humidity. Therefore, the slave station has a durable structure such as a completely sealed structure of the mold, except for the part where the alarm sound is generated. Further, if the receiving antenna is of a form that is knitted into work wear, it can receive radio waves from any direction regardless of the posture of the worker, and can reliably receive the transmission pulse signal. Since the master station will be attached to a part of a vehicle or the like, the master station should be housed in a box made of metal or casting.
【００３７】また、複数チャンネルを用意し例えば周波
数などを切り換える構成にしても、雑音に対する影響を
少なくできる。Even if a plurality of channels are prepared and the frequency is switched, the influence on noise can be reduced.
【００３８】なお、上記した実施例では、建設機器と作
業者などの距離が接近している場合で説明している。し
かし、作業者の危険領域が広い場合でも適応できること
は言うまでもない。また、送信パルス信号の構成も上記
した実施例のものに限らず、種々の構成のものが考えら
れる。例えば、複数の送信パルスは、そのパルスの順番
に出力レベルを低下させているが、基準パルスを設ける
などにより送受でタイミングが認識できれば逆に出力レ
ベルが上昇するようにすることなども自由である。しか
し、最初に受信されたパルスのレベルを検出し、その後
に受信されるパルスの信号レベルを予測する場合など
は、パルスの順番に応じて出力レベルを低下させた構成
が使用される。In the above-mentioned embodiment, the case where the construction equipment is close to the worker is explained. However, it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied even when the worker's dangerous area is wide. Further, the structure of the transmission pulse signal is not limited to that of the above-mentioned embodiment, and various structures can be considered. For example, although the output level of a plurality of transmission pulses is lowered in the order of the pulses, it is also possible to increase the output level conversely if the timing can be recognized by transmission and reception by providing a reference pulse or the like. . However, when detecting the level of the pulse received first and predicting the signal level of the pulse received after that, a configuration in which the output level is lowered according to the order of the pulses is used.
【００３９】[0039]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、建設機器と作業者な
ど、互いの距離が接近している同士の接近状況を検知で
きる接近検知装置を実現できる。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize an approach detection device capable of detecting the approach situation of a construction machine and a worker who are close to each other.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す回路構成図で、親局の
構成を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention and is a diagram showing a configuration of a master station.
【図２】本発明の一実施例を示す回路構成図で、子局の
構成を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention and is a diagram showing a configuration of a slave station.
【図３】本発明の一実施例を説明する図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の一実施例を説明する図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の一実施例を説明する図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の一実施例を説明する図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の一実施例を説明する図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
【図８】本発明の一実施例を説明する図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
【図９】本発明の一実施例を説明する図である。FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
１１…変調信号発生器 １２…送信制御コンピュータ １３…増幅器 １４…変調器 １５、２３…水晶発振器 １６…逓倍器 １７…終段増幅器 ２１…高周波増幅器 ２２…周波数変換器 ２４…中間周波増幅器 ２５…検波器 ２６…変調信号検出器 ２７…レベル検出器 Ａ１、Ａ３…送信アンテナ Ａ２、Ａ４…受信アンテナ 11 ... Modulation signal generator 12 ... Transmission control computer 13 ... Amplifier 14 ... Modulator 15, 23 ... Crystal oscillator 16 ... Multiplier 17 ... Final stage amplifier 21 ... High frequency amplifier 22 ... Frequency converter 24 ... Intermediate frequency amplifier 25 ... Detection Device 26 ... Modulation signal detector 27 ... Level detector A1, A3 ... Transmission antenna A2, A4 ... Reception antenna
Claims (1)
が異なる変調信号ごとに出力レベルが異なる複数の送信
パルス信号を、所定の周期で繰り返し送信する送信装置
と、前記繰り返し送信される複数の送信パルス信号を受
信する受信装置と、この受信装置で受信された前記送信
パルス信号の変調信号の周波数を検出する検出手段と、
この検出手段で検出された変調信号の周波数から、前記
出力レベルが異なる複数の送信パルス信号の受信レベル
を判定し、前記送信装置と前記受信装置の接近の度合を
検知する装置を具備した接近検知装置。1. A transmission device which repeatedly transmits a plurality of transmission pulse signals having different modulation signals with different frequencies and different output levels for the respective modulation signals, and a plurality of the transmissions which are repeatedly transmitted. A receiver for receiving the pulse signal, and a detector for detecting the frequency of the modulated signal of the transmission pulse signal received by the receiver,
Proximity detection provided with a device for determining the reception level of a plurality of transmission pulse signals having different output levels from the frequency of the modulated signal detected by the detection means and detecting the degree of proximity of the transmission device and the reception device. apparatus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6102709A JPH07311887A (en) | 1994-05-17 | 1994-05-17 | Approach detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6102709A JPH07311887A (en) | 1994-05-17 | 1994-05-17 | Approach detector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07311887A true JPH07311887A (en) | 1995-11-28 |
Family
ID=14334804
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6102709A Pending JPH07311887A (en) | 1994-05-17 | 1994-05-17 | Approach detector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07311887A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002250768A (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-09-06 | Denso Corp | Body search system |
| WO2004109325A1 (en) | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-16 | Sony Corporation | Distance detection system |
| JP2006329796A (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-07 | Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute | Infrared tracking device |
| JP2007256051A (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-10-04 | Fujikura Ltd | Mobile unit position detection method |
| JP2009192279A (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2009-08-27 | Ntt Communications Kk | System for determining distance between terminals, radio terminal, program and storage medium |
| JP2012088333A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2012-05-10 | Q Factor Inc | Distance detection device |
| JP2013088286A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2013-05-13 | Omron Automotive Electronics Co Ltd | Vehicle detection device, communication equipment, and vehicle detection system |
| JP2014134387A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Position detection system |
| JP2017181177A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-05 | 瀚誼世界科技股▲フン▼有限公司 | Wireless device proximity detection method |
-
1994
- 1994-05-17 JP JP6102709A patent/JPH07311887A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002250768A (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-09-06 | Denso Corp | Body search system |
| WO2004109325A1 (en) | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-16 | Sony Corporation | Distance detection system |
| JP2004361276A (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-24 | Sony Corp | Distance detection system |
| KR101031154B1 (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2011-04-27 | 소니 주식회사 | Distance detection system |
| US8314619B2 (en) | 2003-06-05 | 2012-11-20 | Sony Corporation | Distance detection system |
| JP2006329796A (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-07 | Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute | Infrared tracking device |
| JP2007256051A (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-10-04 | Fujikura Ltd | Mobile unit position detection method |
| JP2009192279A (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2009-08-27 | Ntt Communications Kk | System for determining distance between terminals, radio terminal, program and storage medium |
| JP2013088286A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2013-05-13 | Omron Automotive Electronics Co Ltd | Vehicle detection device, communication equipment, and vehicle detection system |
| JP2012088333A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2012-05-10 | Q Factor Inc | Distance detection device |
| JP2014134387A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Position detection system |
| JP2017181177A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-05 | 瀚誼世界科技股▲フン▼有限公司 | Wireless device proximity detection method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AU2017206204B2 (en) | Proximity detection system with concurrent RF and magnetic fields | |
| WO2012158906A1 (en) | Collision avoidance system for rail line vehicles | |
| JP3964405B2 (en) | Alarm device | |
| JPH07311887A (en) | Approach detector | |
| KR101709098B1 (en) | System and method for providing information of running train | |
| KR100974946B1 (en) | System and method for preventing collision of cranes | |
| CA2836216A1 (en) | Resilient antenna disturbance detector | |
| JPH08205253A (en) | Small power radio information collection system | |
| JP5509971B2 (en) | Navigation support device for aircraft, navigation support method, and navigation support program | |
| ZA200508120B (en) | Collission avoidance method and system | |
| JP2931207B2 (en) | Train approach warning device | |
| Chellaswamy et al. | Design and analysis of an intelligent collision avoidance system for locomotives | |
| JP4249089B2 (en) | Relay-type obstacle detection system and method | |
| JPH0811720A (en) | Train alarm device | |
| KR20110042684A (en) | A dangerous area sensing system using wireless radio | |
| KR20170054223A (en) | System and method for providing information of running train | |
| EP3518155B1 (en) | Anti-collision system and method between objects | |
| JP2796705B2 (en) | Safety management system | |
| WO2022130725A1 (en) | Entry/exit determination system and entry/exit determination method | |
| JPH04126664A (en) | Train approach alarm system | |
| JPH07168986A (en) | Proximity detection system and master machine and slave machine to be used in this system | |
| JP3202865B2 (en) | Parent-child station mutual danger recognition type ultrasonic transceiver | |
| JP7207722B2 (en) | proximity warning system | |
| RU40978U1 (en) | DEVICE FOR NOTIFICATION OF THE APPROACH OF THE TRAIN TO THE PLACE OF REPAIR TRAVEL WORKS | |
| JP4100472B2 (en) | Parent / child station danger detection ultrasonic transmitter / receiver |