JPH07294910A - Color liquid crystal display element - Google Patents
Color liquid crystal display elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07294910A JPH07294910A JP6111792A JP11179294A JPH07294910A JP H07294910 A JPH07294910 A JP H07294910A JP 6111792 A JP6111792 A JP 6111792A JP 11179294 A JP11179294 A JP 11179294A JP H07294910 A JPH07294910 A JP H07294910A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal cell
- alignment
- refractive index
- color
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、印加電圧を制御する
ことにより複屈折を制御してカラー画像を表示するカラ
ー液晶表示素子に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a color liquid crystal display device that displays a color image by controlling birefringence by controlling an applied voltage.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、液晶に電界を印加して液晶分子の
配列を変形し、その際に生ずる複屈折性の変化を利用し
てカラー画像を表示する複屈折制御方式のカラー液晶表
示素子が知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been a birefringence control type color liquid crystal display element which displays an image by applying an electric field to a liquid crystal to deform the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules and utilizing the change in birefringence generated at that time. Are known.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、従来の複屈折
制御方式のカラー液晶表示素子は、表示できる色が限ら
れており、表示色の色純度も低く、美しいカラー画像を
表示できないという問題がある。また、従来の複屈折制
御方式のカラー液晶表示素子は視野角が狭く、見る方向
により表示色が容易に変化するという欠点がある。更
に、従来の複屈折制御方式のカラー液晶表示素子では、
温度変化等による液晶層のリタデーションの変化により
複屈折性が変化し、表示色が変化してしまうという問題
がある。一方、カラーフィルタを用いるカラー液晶表示
素子も知られているが、カラーフィルタの光透過率が低
いため、バックライト等の専用光源を用いなければ表示
が暗くなるという問題を備えている。However, the conventional birefringence control type color liquid crystal display element has a problem in that the colors that can be displayed are limited, the color purity of the display color is low, and a beautiful color image cannot be displayed. is there. Further, the conventional birefringence control type color liquid crystal display element has a drawback that the viewing angle is narrow and the display color is easily changed depending on the viewing direction. Furthermore, in the conventional birefringence control type color liquid crystal display element,
There is a problem that the birefringence changes due to the change in the retardation of the liquid crystal layer due to the temperature change and the like, and the display color also changes. On the other hand, a color liquid crystal display device using a color filter is also known, but it has a problem that the display becomes dark unless a dedicated light source such as a backlight is used because the light transmittance of the color filter is low.
【０００４】この発明は上記実状に鑑みてなされたもの
で、カラーフィルタ用いずに多くの色を専用光源を用い
なくとも明るく表示できるカラー液晶表示素子を提供す
ることを目的とする。また、この発明は、視野角の広い
カラー液晶表示素子を提供することを目的とする。さら
に、この発明は、温度変化等に起因する表示色の変化が
小さいカラー液晶表示素子を提供することを他の目的と
する。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a color liquid crystal display device which can display many colors brightly without using a color filter without using a dedicated light source. Another object of the present invention is to provide a color liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle. Another object of the present invention is to provide a color liquid crystal display element in which a change in display color due to a temperature change or the like is small.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、この発明の第１の観点にかかるカラー液晶表示素子
は、対向して配置された第１と第２の基板と、前記第１
と第２の基板の対向面にそれぞれ形成された第１と第２
の電極と、前記第１の電極と前記第１の基板上に形成さ
れ、第１の配向処理方向に配向処理が施された第１の配
向膜と、前記第２の電極と前記第２の基板上に形成さ
れ、第２の配向処理方向に配向処理が施された第２の配
向膜と、前記第１と第２の配向膜の間に封止され、前記
第１と第２の配向膜の配向処理に従って２３０°〜２７
０°ツイストして配向され、その光学異方性Δｎと厚さ
ｄの積Δｎ・ｄが１２５０ｎｍ〜１４５０ｎｍの値を有
する液晶と、より構成される第１の液晶セルと、対向面
に電極が形成され、対向して配置された第３と第４の基
板と、前記第３と第４の基板間に７０°〜１１０°ツイ
スト配向して封止され、Δｎ・ｄが３８０ｎｍ〜５８０
ｎｍの値を有する液晶と、より構成され、前記第１の液
晶セルに積層された第２の液晶セルと、前記第２の液晶
セルの外側に配置され、その透過軸が第２の配向処理方
向を基準として時計回り方向へ３０°〜５０°又は反時
計回り方向へ４０°〜６０°傾いた方向で交差するよう
に配置された第１の偏光板と、前記第１の液晶セルの外
側に配置され、その透過軸が第２の配向処理方向に対し
３５°〜５５°で交差するように配置された第２の偏光
板と、前記第１の液晶セルと前記第２の液晶セルの間に
配置され、その延伸軸方向の屈折率をｎｘ，延伸軸に直
交する方向の屈折率をｎｙ，厚さ方向の屈折率をｎｚと
した場合に、ｎｘ＞ｎｚ＞ｎｙの関係を満たし、前記延
伸軸が前記第２の配向処理方向に対し１５°〜３５°で
交差するように配置された２軸性の第１の位相差板と、
前記第１の液晶セルと前記第１の位相差板の間に配置さ
れ、その延伸軸方向の屈折率をｎｘ，延伸軸に直交する
方向の屈折率をｎｙ，厚さ方向の屈折率をｎｚとした場
合に、ｎｘ＞ｎｚ＞ｎｙの関係を満たし、前記延伸軸が
前記第２の配向処理方向に対し５°〜２５°で交差する
ように配置された２軸性の第２の位相差板と、より構成
されることを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above object, a color liquid crystal display element according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises a first and a second substrate which are arranged to face each other, and
A first and a second formed on opposite surfaces of the first and second substrates, respectively.
Electrode, a first alignment film formed on the first electrode and the first substrate, and subjected to an alignment treatment in a first alignment treatment direction, the second electrode and the second alignment film. The second alignment film formed on the substrate and subjected to the alignment treatment in the second alignment treatment direction, and the first and second alignment films are sealed between the first and second alignment films. 230 ° to 27 according to the film orientation treatment
A first liquid crystal cell composed of a liquid crystal that is oriented by twisting at 0 ° and has a product Δn · d of optical anisotropy Δn and thickness d of 1250 nm to 1450 nm, and an electrode on the opposite surface. The third and fourth substrates that are formed and arranged to face each other are sealed with a twist orientation of 70 ° to 110 ° between the third and fourth substrates and have Δn · d of 380 nm to 580 nm.
a second liquid crystal cell composed of a liquid crystal having a value of nm and laminated on the first liquid crystal cell and arranged outside the second liquid crystal cell, the transmission axis of which is the second alignment treatment. A first polarizing plate arranged so as to intersect in a direction inclined by 30 ° to 50 ° clockwise or 40 ° to 60 ° counterclockwise with respect to the direction, and the outside of the first liquid crystal cell. Of the first liquid crystal cell and the second polarizing plate arranged so that the transmission axis thereof intersects the second alignment treatment direction at 35 ° to 55 °. When the refractive index in the stretching axis direction is nx, the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the stretching axis is ny, and the refractive index in the thickness direction is nz, the relationship of nx>nz> ny is satisfied. The stretching axis is arranged so as to intersect the second alignment treatment direction at 15 ° to 35 °. A biaxial first retardation plate,
It is arranged between the first liquid crystal cell and the first retardation plate, and the refractive index in the stretching axis direction is nx, the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the stretching axis is ny, and the refractive index in the thickness direction is nz. In this case, a biaxial second retardation plate which satisfies the relationship of nx>nz> ny and is arranged such that the stretching axis intersects the second alignment treatment direction at 5 ° to 25 °. , And are configured.
【０００６】また、この発明の第２の観点にかかるカラ
ー液晶表示素子は、対向して配置された第１と第２の基
板と、前記第１と第２の基板の対向面にそれぞれ形成さ
れた第１と第２の電極と、前記第１の電極と前記第１の
基板上に形成され、第１の配向処理方向に配向処理が施
された第１の配向膜と、前記第２の電極と前記第２の基
板上に形成され、第２の配向処理方向に配向処理が施さ
れた第２の配向膜と、前記第１と第２の配向膜の間に封
止され、前記第１と第２の配向膜の配向処理に従って２
３０°〜２７０°ツイストして配向され、その光学異方
性Δｎと厚さｄの積Δｎ・ｄが実質的に１２５０ｎｍ〜
１４５０ｎｍの値を有する液晶と、より構成される第１
の液晶セルと、対向面に電極が形成され、対向して配置
された第３と第４の基板と、前記第３と第４の基板間に
７０°〜１１０°ツイスト配向して封止され、Δｎ・ｄ
が３８０ｎｍ〜５８０ｎｍの値を有する液晶と、より構
成され、前記第１の液晶セルに積層された第２の液晶セ
ルと、前記第２の液晶セルの外側に配置され、その透過
軸が第２の配向処理方向を基準として反時計回り方向へ
０°〜２０°又は時計回り方向へ７０°〜９０°傾いた
方向で交差するように配置された第１の偏光板と、前記
第１の液晶セルの外側に配置され、その透過軸が第２の
配向処理方向に対し３５°〜５５°で交差するように配
置された第２の偏光板と、前記第１の液晶セルと前記第
２の液晶セルの間に配置され、その延伸軸方向の屈折率
をｎｘ，延伸軸に直交する方向の屈折率をｎｙ，厚さ方
向の屈折率をｎｚとした場合に、ｎｘ＞ｎｚ＞ｎｙの関
係を満たし、前記延伸軸が前記第２の配向処理方向に対
し２５°〜４５°で交差するように配置された２軸性の
第１の位相差板と、前記第１の液晶セルと前記第２の偏
光板の間に配置され、その延伸軸方向の屈折率をｎｘ，
延伸軸に直交する方向の屈折率をｎｙ，厚さ方向の屈折
率をｎｚとした場合に、ｎｘ＞ｎｚ＞ｎｙの関係を満た
し、前記延伸軸が前記第２の配向処理方向に対し０°〜
２０°で交差するように配置された２軸性の第２の位相
差板と、より構成されることを特徴とする。Further, the color liquid crystal display element according to the second aspect of the present invention is formed on the first and second substrates arranged to face each other, and on the facing surfaces of the first and second substrates, respectively. First and second electrodes, a first alignment film formed on the first electrode and the first substrate and subjected to an alignment treatment in a first alignment treatment direction, and the second alignment film. An electrode and a second alignment film formed on the second substrate and subjected to an alignment treatment in a second alignment treatment direction; and a second alignment film sealed between the first and second alignment films. 2 according to the alignment treatment of the first and second alignment films
Oriented by twisting at 30 ° to 270 °, the product Δn · d of the optical anisotropy Δn and the thickness d is substantially 1250 nm to
A liquid crystal having a value of 1450 nm and a first
Of the liquid crystal cell, electrodes are formed on the opposite surfaces, and the third and fourth substrates are arranged so as to face each other, and sealed with a twist orientation of 70 ° to 110 ° between the third and fourth substrates. , Δn · d
A liquid crystal having a value of 380 nm to 580 nm, and a second liquid crystal cell stacked on the first liquid crystal cell and arranged outside the second liquid crystal cell and having a transmission axis of the second liquid crystal cell. A first polarizing plate disposed so as to intersect in a direction inclined by 0 ° to 20 ° in a counterclockwise direction or 70 ° to 90 ° in a clockwise direction with respect to the alignment treatment direction of 1., and the first liquid crystal. A second polarizing plate arranged outside the cell, the transmission axis of which intersects the second alignment treatment direction at 35 ° to 55 °; the first liquid crystal cell; and the second liquid crystal cell. The relationship of nx>nz> ny is established between the liquid crystal cells, where nx is the refractive index in the stretching axis direction, ny is the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the stretching axis, and nz is the refractive index in the thickness direction. And the stretching axis intersects the second alignment treatment direction at 25 ° to 45 °. Is disposed between the first liquid crystal cell and the second polarizing plate, and the biaxial first retardation plate is arranged to have a refractive index of nx,
When the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the stretching axis is ny and the refractive index in the thickness direction is nz, the relationship of nx>nz> ny is satisfied, and the stretching axis is 0 ° with respect to the second alignment treatment direction. ~
It is characterized by comprising a biaxial second retardation plate arranged so as to intersect at 20 °.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】上記構成によれば、第２の液晶セルの配向状態
を切り換えることにより、表示色の補色も表示でき表示
色が倍増し、多彩なカラー画像を表示できる。また、厚
さ方向にも位相差を有し光学的に２軸性の位相差板を２
枚使用しているので、光が液晶層を垂直に透過したとき
と斜めに透過したときとの位相差が２枚の２軸性位相差
板を透過することにより補償され、視野角が広くなる。
更に、表示色は液晶層の複屈折作用だけでなく、これと
２枚の２軸性位相差板の各複屈折作用が加わって得られ
るものであり、複屈折作用の温度依存性が液晶層の複屈
折作用の温度依存性よりも小さい２軸性位相差板を２枚
使用しているから、温度変化により液晶層のリタデーシ
ョンが変化しても、その影響は相対的に小さい。従っ
て、温度変化に起因する表示色の変動を低減できる。According to the above construction, by switching the alignment state of the second liquid crystal cell, a complementary color of the display color can be displayed, the display color can be doubled, and a variety of color images can be displayed. In addition, an optically biaxial retardation plate having a retardation in the thickness direction is also used.
Since two sheets are used, the phase difference between when the light is transmitted vertically through the liquid crystal layer and when it is transmitted obliquely is compensated by transmitting through the two biaxial retardation plates, and the viewing angle is widened. .
Further, the display color is obtained not only by the birefringence effect of the liquid crystal layer but also by the respective birefringence effects of the two biaxial retardation plates, and the temperature dependence of the birefringence effect is the liquid crystal layer. Since two biaxial retardation plates having a smaller temperature dependence of the birefringence action are used, even if the retardation of the liquid crystal layer changes due to temperature change, the influence is relatively small. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the variation in display color due to the temperature change.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例にかかる単純マトリク
ス駆動方式の液晶表示素子を図面を参照して説明する。 （第１実施例）まず、この発明の第１実施例にかかる単
純マトリクス駆動方式の反射型カラー液晶表示素子の構
成を図１及び図２を参照して説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A simple matrix drive type liquid crystal display device according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) First, the structure of a reflection type color liquid crystal display element of a simple matrix drive system according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
【０００９】図１は本実施例の液晶表示素子１１の断面
構成を示す。図１において、符号１２は第１の液晶セ
ル、３２は第２の液晶セル、２１、２２は位相差板、２
３、２４は偏光板、２５は反射板をそれぞれ示す。FIG. 1 shows a sectional structure of a liquid crystal display element 11 of this embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 12 is a first liquid crystal cell, 32 is a second liquid crystal cell, 21 and 22 are retardation plates, 2
Reference numerals 3 and 24 denote polarizing plates, and 25 denotes a reflecting plate.
【００１０】第１の液晶セル１２は、表示色を制御する
ためのものであり、ガラス基板（第１の基板）１３とガ
ラス基板（第２の基板）１４とが液晶を封入する微細間
隙（数μｍ間隔）を隔てて対向配置されて構成される。
両ガラス基板１３、１４の対向面には、ＩＴＯ（インジ
ウムとスズの酸化物）等の透明導電材料からなる複数の
走査電極１５と複数の信号電極１６とが交差した状態で
それぞれ配設されている。The first liquid crystal cell 12 is for controlling a display color, and a glass substrate (first substrate) 13 and a glass substrate (second substrate) 14 are provided with a fine gap (in which a liquid crystal is sealed). It is configured to face each other with a space of several μm).
A plurality of scanning electrodes 15 made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO (an oxide of indium and tin) and a plurality of signal electrodes 16 are arranged on the opposite surfaces of both glass substrates 13 and 14 in a state of intersecting each other. There is.
【００１１】配向膜１７、１８は、ガラス基板１３、１
４の内面に配設された走査電極１５及び信号電極１６の
表面に設けられ、液晶分子の配向方向を規制するための
ものである。配向膜１７、１８の表面には、ラビング処
理等の配向処理が施されており、近接する液晶分子の長
軸方向を配向処理方向に沿わせる。シール材１９は、ガ
ラス基板１３、１４の間の周辺部に配設され、ガラス基
板１３と１４の間を所定間隔に保持すると共に液晶を封
止する。The alignment films 17 and 18 are formed on the glass substrates 13 and 1, respectively.
It is provided on the surfaces of the scanning electrodes 15 and the signal electrodes 16 disposed on the inner surface of the liquid crystal display panel 4, and regulates the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules. The surfaces of the alignment films 17 and 18 are subjected to an alignment treatment such as a rubbing treatment, so that the major axis direction of adjacent liquid crystal molecules is aligned with the alignment treatment direction. The sealing material 19 is disposed in the peripheral portion between the glass substrates 13 and 14, holds the glass substrates 13 and 14 at a predetermined interval, and seals the liquid crystal.
【００１２】液晶層２０は、カイラル液晶が添加された
ネマティック液晶等から構成され、配向膜１７、１８の
配向規制力に従って、液晶分子が２５０°±２０°（望
ましくは±１０°）のツイスト角でねじれ配向した状態
となっている。液晶の光学異方性Δｎと液晶層２０の層
厚ｄの積Δｎ・ｄは１３５０ｎｍ±１００ｎｍに設定さ
れる。The liquid crystal layer 20 is composed of a nematic liquid crystal or the like to which a chiral liquid crystal is added, and the liquid crystal molecules have a twist angle of 250 ° ± 20 ° (preferably ± 10 °) according to the alignment regulating force of the alignment films 17 and 18. It is in a twisted orientation. The product Δn · d of the optical anisotropy Δn of the liquid crystal and the layer thickness d of the liquid crystal layer 20 is set to 1350 nm ± 100 nm.
【００１３】第２の液晶セル３２は、補色を表示させる
ためのもので、液晶分子のツイスト角が９０°±２０°
のツイステッドネマティック型セルである。第２の液晶
セル３２は、ガラス基板（第３の基板）３３とガラス基
板（第４の基板）３４とが液晶を封入する微細間隙（数
μｍ間隔、例えば、６．８μｍ）を隔てて対向配置され
て構成される。ガラス基板３３、３４の対向面には、透
明導電材料からなる複数の走査電極３５と複数の信号電
極３６とが交差した状態でそれぞれ配設されている。配
向膜３７、３８は、ガラス基板３３、３４の内面に配設
された走査電極３５及び信号電極３６の表面に設けら
れ、配向処理が施されている。シール材３９は、ガラス
基板３３、３４の間の周辺部に配設され、ガラス基板３
３と３４の間を所定間隔に保持すると共に液晶を封止す
る。液晶層４０は、カイラル液晶が添加されたネマティ
ック液晶等から構成され、配向膜３７、３８の配向規制
力に従って、液晶分子が９０°±２０°（望ましくは±
１０°）のツイスト角でねじれ配向した状態となってい
る。液晶層４０のΔｎ・ｄは４８０ｎｍ±１００ｎｍに
設定される。The second liquid crystal cell 32 is for displaying complementary colors and has a twist angle of liquid crystal molecules of 90 ° ± 20 °.
This is a twisted nematic cell. In the second liquid crystal cell 32, a glass substrate (third substrate) 33 and a glass substrate (fourth substrate) 34 are opposed to each other with a minute gap (several μm, for example, 6.8 μm) between which liquid crystal is sealed. Arranged and configured. A plurality of scanning electrodes 35 made of a transparent conductive material and a plurality of signal electrodes 36 are arranged on the opposing surfaces of the glass substrates 33 and 34 in a state of intersecting with each other. The alignment films 37 and 38 are provided on the surfaces of the scanning electrodes 35 and the signal electrodes 36 provided on the inner surfaces of the glass substrates 33 and 34, and are subjected to the alignment treatment. The sealing material 39 is disposed in the peripheral portion between the glass substrates 33 and 34, and
The liquid crystal is sealed while keeping a distance between 3 and 34 at a predetermined interval. The liquid crystal layer 40 is composed of a nematic liquid crystal or the like to which a chiral liquid crystal is added, and liquid crystal molecules are 90 ° ± 20 ° (desirably ±) according to the alignment regulating force of the alignment films 37 and 38.
The twisted orientation is 10 °). Δn · d of the liquid crystal layer 40 is set to 480 nm ± 100 nm.
【００１４】位相差板２１は、その平面上の延伸軸方向
（最大屈折率方向）の屈折率をｎｘ，平面上で延伸軸に
直交する方向の屈折率をｎｙ，厚さ方向の屈折率をｎｚ
とした場合に、ｎｘ＞ｎｚ＞ｎｙの関係を満たし、厚み
方向にも位相差を有する２軸性の位相差板であり、その
屈折率異方性Δｎ＝ｎｘ−ｎｙと厚さｄの積Δｎ・ｄが
１６００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍ、Ｎｚ値が０．３〜０．７、望
ましくは、０．４５±０．１のものである。なお、Ｎｚ
値は次式のように定義される。 Ｎｚ＝（ｎｘ−ｎｚ）／（ｎｘ−ｎｙ） ここで、ｎｘは平面上で最大の屈折率、ｎｙは平面上で
屈折率が最大の方向に直交する方向の屈折率、ｎｚは厚
さ方向の屈折率である。位相差板２２も２軸性の位相差
板であり、そのΔｎ・ｄが１５５０ｎｍ±３０ｎｍ、Ｎ
ｚ値が０．３〜０．７、望ましくは、０．４５±０．１
のものである。The retardation plate 21 has a refractive index nx in the drawing axis direction (maximum refractive index direction) on its plane, a refractive index ny in the direction orthogonal to the drawing axis on the plane, and a refractive index in the thickness direction. nz
Is a biaxial retardation plate that satisfies the relationship of nx>nz> ny and also has a retardation in the thickness direction, and its refractive index anisotropy Δn = nx−ny is multiplied by the thickness d. Δn · d is 1600 nm ± 30 nm and Nz value is 0.3 to 0.7, preferably 0.45 ± 0.1. Note that Nz
The value is defined as: Nz = (nx-nz) / (nx-ny) Here, nx is the maximum refractive index on the plane, ny is the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the maximum refractive index direction on the plane, and nz is the thickness direction. Is the refractive index of. The retardation plate 22 is also a biaxial retardation plate, and its Δn · d is 1550 nm ± 30 nm, N
z value is 0.3 to 0.7, preferably 0.45 ± 0.1
belongs to.
【００１５】偏光板２３、２４は、入射光のうち、吸収
軸方向の偏光成分を遮断（吸収）し、それと直交する偏
光成分を透過させるものである。反射板２５は、偏光板
２４の下面に設けられ、偏光板２４を透過した光を第１
の液晶セル１２側に反射するものである。The polarizing plates 23 and 24 block (absorb) the polarization component in the absorption axis direction of the incident light and transmit the polarization component orthogonal thereto. The reflection plate 25 is provided on the lower surface of the polarizing plate 24, and transmits the light transmitted through the polarizing plate 24 to the first side.
Is reflected to the liquid crystal cell 12 side.
【００１６】図２（Ａ）〜（Ｆ）は、液晶セル１２、３
２の配向処理方向と位相差板２１、２２の光軸と偏光板
２３、２４の透過軸の組み合わせの一例を、各構成要素
毎の平面図で模式的に示した図である。なお、図２
（Ｅ）中の一点鎖線Ｓは表示面の左右方向に沿う基準線
であり、説明の便宜上設けたものである。FIGS. 2A to 2F show liquid crystal cells 12 and 3, respectively.
It is the figure which showed typically an example of the combination of the orientation process direction of 2, the optical axis of the phase difference plates 21 and 22, and the transmission axis of the polarizing plates 23 and 24 by the top view for each component. Note that FIG.
An alternate long and short dash line S in (E) is a reference line extending in the left-right direction of the display surface and is provided for convenience of description.
【００１７】図２（Ｅ）に示すように、第１の液晶セル
１２の下側の配向膜１８に施された配向処理の方向（配
向処理方向）１８ａは、基準線Ｓに対して３５°±１０
°傾いて設定されている。上側の配向膜１７の配向処理
方向１７ａは、配向膜１８の配向処理方向１８ａを基準
として、７０°±１０°傾いた方向に設定されている。
液晶層２０の液晶分子は、下側のガラス基板１４から上
側のガラス基板１３に向かって時計回りに２５０°±２
０°（望ましくは、±１０°）ツイストした配向状態と
なる。As shown in FIG. 2 (E), the orientation process direction (orientation process direction) 18 a applied to the lower orientation film 18 of the first liquid crystal cell 12 is 35 ° with respect to the reference line S. ± 10
° It is set to tilt. The alignment treatment direction 17a of the upper alignment film 17 is set to a direction inclined by 70 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18.
The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 20 are rotated by 250 ° ± 2 clockwise from the lower glass substrate 14 toward the upper glass substrate 13.
The twisted state is 0 ° (desirably ± 10 °).
【００１８】図２（Ａ）に示すように、偏光板２３の透
過軸２３ａは、配向膜１８の配向処理方向１８ａに対し
て４０°±１０°（基準線Ｓに対して５°±１０°）で
交差するように設定されている。図２（Ｂ）に示すよう
に、第２の液晶セル３２の下側の配向膜３８に施された
配向処理方向３８ａは、配向膜１８の配向処理方向１８
ａに対して４０°±１０°で交差するように、即ち、偏
光板２３の透過軸２３ａに平行となるように設定されて
いる。第２の液晶セル３２の配向膜３７に施された配向
処理方向３７ａは、配向膜３８の配向処理方向３８ａを
基準として、９０°±１０°で交差する方向に設定され
ている。これにより液晶分子は、下側のガラス基板３４
から上側のガラス基板３３側に向かって時計回りに９０
°±２０°ツイストした配向状態となる。As shown in FIG. 2A, the transmission axis 23a of the polarizing plate 23 is 40 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18 (5 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the reference line S). ) Is set to intersect. As shown in FIG. 2B, the alignment treatment direction 38 a applied to the lower alignment film 38 of the second liquid crystal cell 32 is the alignment treatment direction 18 of the alignment film 18.
It is set so as to intersect with a at 40 ° ± 10 °, that is, to be parallel to the transmission axis 23a of the polarizing plate 23. The alignment treatment direction 37a applied to the alignment film 37 of the second liquid crystal cell 32 is set to intersect with the alignment treatment direction 38a of the alignment film 38 at 90 ° ± 10 °. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules are transferred to the lower glass substrate 34.
90 clockwise from the upper glass substrate 33 side
The alignment state is twisted by ± 20 °.
【００１９】図２（Ｃ）に示すように、位相差板２１
は、平面上で屈折率が最も大きくなる軸（延伸軸）２１
ａが、配向膜１８の配向処理方向１８ａに対して２５°
±１０°（基準線Ｓに対して１０°±１０°）で交差す
るように設定されている。図２（Ｄ）に示すように、位
相差板２２は、平面上で屈折率が最も大きくなる軸２２
ａが配向膜１８の配向処理方向１８ａに対して１５°±
１０°（基準線Ｓに対して５０°±１０°）で交差する
ように設定されている。図２（Ｆ）に示すように、偏光
板２４は、その透過軸２４ａが配向膜１８の配向処理方
向１８ａに対して４５°±１０°（基準線Ｓに対して１
０°±１０°）で交差するように設定されている。As shown in FIG. 2C, the phase difference plate 21
Is an axis (stretching axis) 21 where the refractive index becomes maximum on the plane.
a is 25 ° with respect to the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18.
It is set to intersect at ± 10 ° (10 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the reference line S). As shown in FIG. 2D, the retardation plate 22 has an axis 22 where the refractive index becomes maximum on the plane.
a is 15 ° ± with respect to the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18.
It is set to intersect at 10 ° (50 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the reference line S). As shown in FIG. 2F, the transmission axis 24a of the polarizing plate 24 is 45 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18 (1 with respect to the reference line S).
It is set to intersect at 0 ° ± 10 °).
【００２０】次に、上記構成の液晶表示素子の着色原理
について説明する。初めに、第２の液晶セル３２が配置
されていない場合を仮定する。この場合、図１の上方か
ら液晶表示素子１１に入射する光は、偏光板２３を透過
することにより直線偏光となり、さらに、位相差板２
１、２２を透過する過程で、位相差板２１、２２の光学
的配置条件とリタデーション値に応じた偏光作用を受け
て波長毎に偏光状態が異なる楕円偏光となる。これらの
波長毎の楕円偏光は、第１の液晶セル１２を通る過程
で、第１の液晶セル１２の光学的配置条件とリタデーシ
ョン値に応じた偏光作用を受けて、さらに偏光状態が変
化する。位相差板２１、２２及び第１の液晶セル１２に
よる偏光作用を受けた偏光状態が各々異なる各波長毎の
楕円偏光が偏光板２４に入射すると、偏光板２４の透過
軸２４ａに一致する偏光成分の光が偏光板２４を透過す
る。Next, the coloring principle of the liquid crystal display device having the above structure will be described. First, assume that the second liquid crystal cell 32 is not arranged. In this case, the light incident on the liquid crystal display element 11 from above in FIG. 1 becomes linearly polarized light by passing through the polarizing plate 23, and further, the phase difference plate 2
In the process of passing through 1 and 22, the polarized state is changed to elliptically polarized light for each wavelength due to the polarization effect according to the optical arrangement condition and retardation value of the retardation plates 21 and 22. In the process of passing through the first liquid crystal cell 12, the elliptically polarized light of each wavelength is subjected to the polarization action according to the optical arrangement condition and the retardation value of the first liquid crystal cell 12, and the polarization state is further changed. When elliptically polarized light of different wavelengths which are polarized by the retardation plates 21 and 22 and the first liquid crystal cell 12 are incident on the polarizing plate 24, a polarization component that coincides with the transmission axis 24a of the polarizing plate 24. Light passes through the polarizing plate 24.
【００２１】偏光板２４を透過した光は、反射板２５で
反射され、上述した光経路と逆の経路で液晶表示素子１
１の上面側に出射し、この出射光の分光強度がピークを
示す波長の表示色が得られる。位相差板２１、２２のリ
タデーションは固定値であり、第１の液晶セル１２のリ
タデーションは、液晶分子の配向状態により定まる。従
って、第１の液晶セル１２に印加する電圧値を変えて液
晶分子の配向状態を変化させることにより、第１の液晶
セル１２における偏光作用を変化させ、表示色の色相及
び／又は輝度を変化させることができる。The light transmitted through the polarizing plate 24 is reflected by the reflecting plate 25, and the liquid crystal display element 1 is routed in the opposite path to the above-mentioned optical path.
1 is emitted to the upper surface side, and a display color having a wavelength at which the spectral intensity of the emitted light has a peak is obtained. The retardations of the retardation plates 21 and 22 are fixed values, and the retardation of the first liquid crystal cell 12 is determined by the alignment state of liquid crystal molecules. Therefore, by changing the voltage value applied to the first liquid crystal cell 12 to change the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules, the polarization effect in the first liquid crystal cell 12 is changed, and the hue and / or the brightness of the display color is changed. Can be made.
【００２２】具体的に説明すると、走査電極１５と信号
電極１６の間に電圧を印加していない時には、液晶表示
素子１１に入射した光は、位相差板２１、２２の偏光作
用と、液晶分子の初期配向に応じた偏光作用とを受け、
それに応じ、波長毎に偏光状態が異なる楕円偏光とな
る。そして、偏光板２４を透過し、反射板２５で反射さ
れ、逆の経路を経て液晶表示素子１１の上面側に出射す
る際の出射光の色は、位相差板２１、２２のリタデーシ
ョンと初期配向状態の液晶層２０のリタデーションに応
じた色となる。More specifically, when no voltage is applied between the scanning electrode 15 and the signal electrode 16, the light incident on the liquid crystal display element 11 is polarized by the retardation plates 21 and 22, and the liquid crystal molecules. Received the polarization effect according to the initial orientation of
Accordingly, elliptically polarized light having a different polarization state for each wavelength is obtained. Then, the color of the emitted light that passes through the polarizing plate 24, is reflected by the reflecting plate 25, and is emitted to the upper surface side of the liquid crystal display element 11 via the reverse path is the retardation of the retardation plates 21 and 22 and the initial alignment. The color changes according to the retardation of the liquid crystal layer 20 in the state.
【００２３】第１の液晶セル１２の走査電極１５と信号
電極１６間に電圧を印加し、その実効電圧値を上昇させ
ると液晶分子が初期ツイスト状態から徐々に立ち上が
る。立ち上がった配向状態に応じて第１の液晶セル１２
のリタデーションが変化し、液晶表示素子１１に入射し
た光は、位相差板２１、２２の偏光作用と、第１の液晶
セル１２の変化したリタデーションに応じた偏光作用と
を受け、それに応じた楕円偏光となる。そのため、その
時の表示色は、第１の液晶セル１２に電圧を印加してい
ない時の表示色とは異なる。When a voltage is applied between the scanning electrode 15 and the signal electrode 16 of the first liquid crystal cell 12 and the effective voltage value is increased, the liquid crystal molecules gradually rise from the initial twisted state. The first liquid crystal cell 12 according to the raised alignment state
Of the phase change plates 21 and 22 and the polarization effect of the retardation of the first liquid crystal cell 12 corresponding to the changed retardation of the first liquid crystal cell 12, and the ellipse corresponding thereto is obtained. It becomes polarized light. Therefore, the display color at that time is different from the display color when no voltage is applied to the first liquid crystal cell 12.
【００２４】第１の液晶セル１２に液晶分子がほぼ垂直
配向する大きさの電圧を印加したときには、第１の液晶
セル１２のリタデーションはほぼ”０”となる。よっ
て、第１の液晶セル１２による偏光作用がほとんどなく
なり、液晶表示素子１１に入射した光は、位相差板２
１、２２の偏光作用のみによる楕円偏光となる。この楕
円偏光は、偏光板２４、反射板２５、及びその逆の経路
を経て液晶表示素子１１から出射し、位相差板２１、２
２のリタデーションに応じた色に着色される。When a voltage of such a magnitude that the liquid crystal molecules are substantially vertically aligned is applied to the first liquid crystal cell 12, the retardation of the first liquid crystal cell 12 becomes almost "0". Therefore, the polarization effect of the first liquid crystal cell 12 is almost eliminated, and the light incident on the liquid crystal display element 11 receives the retardation film 2
It becomes elliptically polarized light only by the polarization action of 1, 22. The elliptically polarized light is emitted from the liquid crystal display element 11 via the polarizing plate 24, the reflecting plate 25, and the reverse path thereof, and is then transmitted through the retardation plates 21 and 2.
It is colored in a color corresponding to the retardation of 2.
【００２５】次に、第２の液晶セル３２の機能について
考える。第２の液晶セル３２の液晶層４０の液晶分子が
全て基板面に対し垂直に配向した状態では、第２の液晶
セル３２は通過する光に対し、偏光作用を及ぼさない。
従って、液晶表示素子１１の表示色は第２の液晶セル３
２が存在しない場合と同一になる。Next, the function of the second liquid crystal cell 32 will be considered. When all the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 40 of the second liquid crystal cell 32 are aligned perpendicular to the substrate surface, the second liquid crystal cell 32 has no polarization effect on the light passing therethrough.
Therefore, the display color of the liquid crystal display element 11 is the same as that of the second liquid crystal cell 3.
It is the same as when 2 is not present.
【００２６】一方、第２の液晶セル３２の液晶分子が初
期配向状態にある状態では、液晶分子は９０°ツイスト
しており、第２の液晶セル３２を通過する光を９０°偏
光させる。このため、液晶表示素子１１の表示色は第２
の液晶セル３２が存在しない場合の表示色の補色とな
る。On the other hand, when the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal cell 32 are in the initial alignment state, the liquid crystal molecules are twisted by 90 °, and the light passing through the second liquid crystal cell 32 is polarized by 90 °. Therefore, the display color of the liquid crystal display element 11 is the second color.
This is a complementary color to the display color when the liquid crystal cell 32 of No. exists.
【００２７】従って、第１の液晶セル１２の走査電極１
５と信号電極１６間に印加する信号を制御して液晶層２
０に印加する実効電圧を制御することにより、液晶層２
０の複屈折性を制御して所望の色を表示することができ
る。さらに、第２の液晶セル３２の走査電極３５と信号
電極３６間に印加する信号を制御して液晶層４０に印加
する実効電圧を制御することにより、液晶層４０の旋光
性を制御して、表示色をその補色に切り換えることでき
る。Therefore, the scan electrode 1 of the first liquid crystal cell 12
5 controls the signal applied between the liquid crystal layer 2 and the signal electrode 16.
By controlling the effective voltage applied to 0, the liquid crystal layer 2
The birefringence of 0 can be controlled to display a desired color. Furthermore, by controlling the signal applied between the scanning electrode 35 and the signal electrode 36 of the second liquid crystal cell 32 to control the effective voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 40, the optical activity of the liquid crystal layer 40 is controlled, The display color can be switched to its complementary color.
【００２８】具体的に説明すると、第２の液晶セル３２
に電圧を印加しない状態では、液晶層２０への印加電圧
（実効電圧）の上昇に伴って、液晶表示素子１１の表示
色は白→赤→青→緑と変化する。一方、第２の液晶セル
３２に電圧を印加することにより、白をその補色である
黒に、赤をその補色であるシアンに、青をその補色であ
る黄色に、緑をその補色であるマゼンタに変換できる。
従って、図３に例示するように、外部から供給される画
像データが指示する色に応じて第１の液晶セル１２の信
号電極１５に印加する電圧（又はパルス幅）と第２の液
晶セル３２の信号電極３６に印加する電圧（又はパルス
幅）とを信号電極ドライバで制御することにより、画像
データにより指示された任意の色を表示できる。More specifically, the second liquid crystal cell 32
When no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 20, the display color of the liquid crystal display element 11 changes from white to red to blue to green as the applied voltage (effective voltage) to the liquid crystal layer 20 increases. On the other hand, by applying a voltage to the second liquid crystal cell 32, white is black as its complementary color, red is cyan as its complementary color, blue is yellow as its complementary color, and green is magenta as its complementary color. Can be converted to.
Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the voltage (or pulse width) applied to the signal electrode 15 of the first liquid crystal cell 12 and the second liquid crystal cell 32 according to the color indicated by the image data supplied from the outside. By controlling the voltage (or pulse width) applied to the signal electrode 36 of the signal electrode driver by the signal electrode driver, it is possible to display an arbitrary color indicated by the image data.
【００２９】上記構成によれば、厚さ方向にも位相差を
有し光学的に２軸性の位相差板２１、２２を使用してい
るので、光が液晶層２０を垂直に透過したときと斜めに
透過したときとの位相差が２軸性の位相差板２１、２２
を透過することにより補償され、視野角が広くなる。ま
た、表示色は液晶層２０、４０の複屈折作用だけでな
く、これと２枚の２軸性の位相差板２１、２２の各複屈
折作用が加わって得られるものであり、複屈折作用の温
度依存性が液晶層２０、４０の複屈折作用の温度依存性
よりも小さい２軸性の位相差板２１、２２を２枚使用し
ているから、温度変化により液晶層２０、４０のリタデ
ーションが変化しても、その影響は相対的に小さい。従
って、温度変化に起因する表示色の変動を低減できる。According to the above configuration, since the optically biaxial retardation plates 21 and 22 having a retardation in the thickness direction are used, when light is transmitted vertically through the liquid crystal layer 20. And the retardation plates 21 and 22 having a biaxial phase difference between when transmitted obliquely.
Is compensated for by the transmission of the light and the viewing angle is widened. The display color is obtained not only by the birefringence effect of the liquid crystal layers 20 and 40 but also by the respective birefringence effects of the two biaxial retardation plates 21 and 22. Since the two biaxial retardation plates 21 and 22 whose temperature dependence of the liquid crystal layers 20 and 40 is smaller than that of the birefringence of the liquid crystal layers 20 and 40 are used, the retardation of the liquid crystal layers 20 and 40 depends on the temperature change. Even if the value changes, the effect is relatively small. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the variation in display color due to the temperature change.
【００３０】具体例 第１実施例の具体例として、配向膜１７、１８、３７、
３８の配向処理方向１７ａ，１８ａ、３７ａ、３８ａ、
位相差板２１、２２の延伸軸２１ａ，２２ａ、及び偏光
板２３、２４の透過軸２３ａ，２４ａの配置角度を図２
（Ａ）〜（Ｆ）示す各角度に設定し、液晶層２０のΔｎ
・ｄを１３９０ｎｍとし、液晶層４０のΔｎ・ｄを４８
０ｎｍとしたカラー液晶表示素子を作成し、走査電極１
５、３５と信号電極１６、３６に供給する信号を制御し
て、スタティック駆動した。Concrete Example As a concrete example of the first embodiment, the alignment films 17, 18, 37,
38 orientation processing directions 17a, 18a, 37a, 38a,
The arrangement angles of the stretching axes 21a and 22a of the phase difference plates 21 and 22 and the transmission axes 23a and 24a of the polarizing plates 23 and 24 are shown in FIG.
(A) to (F) are set to the respective angles shown, and Δn of the liquid crystal layer 20
・ D is 1390 nm, and Δn ・ d of the liquid crystal layer 40 is 48
A color liquid crystal display device having a thickness of 0 nm was prepared, and a scanning electrode 1
The signals supplied to the signal electrodes 5 and 35 and the signal electrodes 16 and 36 were controlled to perform static driving.
【００３１】図４に示すように、液晶層４０の印加実効
電圧が１．０Ｖ未満の状態（液晶がほぼ初期配向状態）
では、液晶層２０の印加電圧の実効値が２．０４Ｖ未満
では、この液晶表示素子１１の表示色は白となり、２．
１５Ｖ〜２．１７Ｖでは赤となり、２．１８Ｖ〜２．２
２Ｖでは青となり、２．２６Ｖ以上ではその表示色は緑
となる。そして、各表示色は図５のＣＩＥ色度図に示す
ように、その色純度が高い。一方、液晶層４０の印加実
効電圧が１．５Ｖ以上の状態（液晶分子がほぼ垂直配向
状態）では、液晶層２０の印加電圧の実効値が２．０４
Ｖ未満では、液晶表示素子１１の表示色は黒となり、
２．１５Ｖ〜２．１７Ｖではシアンとなり、２．１８Ｖ
〜２．２２Ｖでは黄となり、２．２６Ｖ以上ではその表
示色はマゼンタとなる。また、この具体例の液晶表示素
子は、温度変化に伴う表示色の変動が小さく、視野角が
広かった。As shown in FIG. 4, the effective voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 40 is less than 1.0 V (the liquid crystal is almost in the initial alignment state).
Then, when the effective value of the applied voltage to the liquid crystal layer 20 is less than 2.04 V, the display color of the liquid crystal display element 11 becomes white.
It becomes red at 15V to 2.17V and 2.18V to 2.2.
At 2V, the color is blue, and at 2.26V or higher, the display color is green. Each display color has a high color purity as shown in the CIE chromaticity diagram of FIG. On the other hand, when the effective voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 40 is 1.5 V or more (the liquid crystal molecules are substantially vertically aligned), the effective value of the applied voltage to the liquid crystal layer 20 is 2.04.
Below V, the display color of the liquid crystal display element 11 becomes black,
It becomes cyan at 2.15V to 2.17V and 2.18V
At 2.22V, the color is yellow, and at 2.26V or higher, the display color is magenta. Further, in the liquid crystal display element of this specific example, the change in display color due to the temperature change was small and the viewing angle was wide.
【００３２】（第２実施例）上記実施例においては、２
枚の位相差板２１、２２を第１の液晶セル１２と第２の
液晶セル３２の間に配置したが、位相差板の位置は任意
であり、例えば、図５に示すように、位相差板２１を第
１の液晶セル１２と第２の液晶セル３２の間に配置し、
位相差板２２を第１の液晶セル１２と偏光板２４の間に
配置するようにしてもよい。このように位相差板２１、
２２を配置した場合の、配向膜１７、１８、３７、３８
の配向処理方向１７ａ，１８ａ、３７ａ、３８ａ、位相
差板２１、２２の延伸軸２１ａ，２２ａ、及び偏光板２
３、２４の透過軸２３ａ，２４ａの配置を図７（Ａ）〜
（Ｆ）に示す。(Second Embodiment) In the above embodiment, 2
Although the retardation plates 21 and 22 are arranged between the first liquid crystal cell 12 and the second liquid crystal cell 32, the position of the retardation plate is arbitrary. For example, as shown in FIG. The plate 21 is arranged between the first liquid crystal cell 12 and the second liquid crystal cell 32,
The retardation plate 22 may be arranged between the first liquid crystal cell 12 and the polarizing plate 24. In this way, the phase difference plate 21,
Alignment films 17, 18, 37, 38 when 22 is arranged
Orientation processing directions 17a, 18a, 37a, 38a, stretching axes 21a, 22a of the phase difference plates 21, 22 and the polarizing plate 2.
The arrangement of the transmission shafts 23a and 24a of Nos. 3 and 24 is shown in FIG.
It shows in (F).
【００３３】図７（Ｅ）に示すように、第１の液晶セル
１２の下側の配向膜１８の配向処理方向１８ａは、基準
線Ｓに対してほぼ３５°±１０°で交差するように設定
されている。一方、第１の液晶セル１２の上側の配向膜
１７に施された配向処理方向１７ａは、配向膜１８の配
向処理方向１８ａを基準として、７０°±１０°で交差
するように設定され、液晶層２０の液晶分子は、下側の
ガラス基板１４から上側のガラス基板１３に向かって時
計回りに２５０°±２０°（望ましくは±１０°）ツイ
ストした配向状態となる。As shown in FIG. 7E, the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18 on the lower side of the first liquid crystal cell 12 intersects the reference line S at approximately 35 ° ± 10 °. It is set. On the other hand, the alignment treatment direction 17a applied to the upper alignment film 17 of the first liquid crystal cell 12 is set to intersect at 70 ° ± 10 ° with the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18 as a reference. The liquid crystal molecules in the layer 20 are twisted clockwise from the lower glass substrate 14 toward the upper glass substrate 13 by 250 ° ± 20 ° (desirably ± 10 °).
【００３４】図７（Ａ）に示すように、偏光板２３の透
過軸２３ａは、第１の液晶セル１２の配向膜１８の配向
処理方向１８ａに対して１０°±１０°（基準線Ｓに対
して４５°±１０°）で交差するように設定されてい
る。図７（Ｂ）に示すように、第２の液晶セル３２の下
側の配向膜３８の配向処理方向３８ａは、配向膜１８の
配向処理方向１８ａに対して１０°±１０°で交差する
ように、即ち、偏光板２３の透過軸２３ａに平行に設定
されている。第２の液晶セル３２の上側の配向膜３７の
配向処理方向３７ａは、配向膜３８の配向処理方向３８
ａを基準として、９０°±１０°で交差する方向に設定
されている。これにより液晶分子は、下側のガラス基板
３４から上側のガラス基板３３側に向かって時計回りに
９０°±２０°ツイストした配向状態となる。As shown in FIG. 7A, the transmission axis 23a of the polarizing plate 23 is 10 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18 of the first liquid crystal cell 12 (within the reference line S). It is set to intersect at 45 ° ± 10 °). As shown in FIG. 7B, the alignment treatment direction 38a of the alignment film 38 on the lower side of the second liquid crystal cell 32 intersects the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18 at 10 ° ± 10 °. That is, it is set parallel to the transmission axis 23a of the polarizing plate 23. The alignment treatment direction 37 a of the alignment film 37 on the upper side of the second liquid crystal cell 32 is the alignment treatment direction 38 of the alignment film 38.
It is set in a direction intersecting at 90 ° ± 10 ° with reference to a. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules are twisted clockwise by 90 ° ± 20 ° from the lower glass substrate 34 toward the upper glass substrate 33 side.
【００３５】図７（Ｃ）に示すように、位相差板２１
の、屈折率が最も大きくなる軸（延伸軸）２１ａは、配
向膜１８の配向処理方向１８ａに対して３５°±１０°
（基準線Ｓに対して０°±１０°）で交差するように設
定されている。図７（Ｅ）に示すように、位相差板２２
の延伸軸２２ａは、配向膜１８の配向処理方向１８ａに
対して１０°±１０°（基準線Ｓに対して４５°±１０
°）で交差するように設定されている。図７（Ｆ）に示
すように、偏光板２４の透過軸２４ａは、配向膜１８の
配向処理方向１８ａに対して４５°±１０°（基準線Ｓ
に対して１０°±１０°）で交差するように設定されて
いる。As shown in FIG. 7C, the phase difference plate 21
The axis (stretching axis) 21a having the largest refractive index is 35 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18.
It is set to intersect at (0 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the reference line S). As shown in FIG. 7E, the phase difference plate 22
The stretching axis 22a of 10 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18 (45 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the reference line S).
°) are set to intersect. As shown in FIG. 7F, the transmission axis 24 a of the polarizing plate 24 is 45 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the alignment treatment direction 18 a of the alignment film 18 (reference line S
Is set at 10 ° ± 10 °).
【００３６】液晶層４０のΔｎ・ｄは４８０ｎｍ±１０
０ｎｍ、位相差板２１のΔｎ・ｄは１６００ｎｍ±３０
ｎｍ、Ｎｚ値は０．３〜０．７（望ましくは０．４５±
０．１）であり、液晶層２０のΔｎ・ｄは１３５０ｎｍ
±１００ｎｍであり、位相差板２２のΔｎ・ｄは１６０
０ｎｍ±３０ｎｍ、Ｎｚ値は０．３〜０．７（望ましく
は０．４５±０．１）である。Δn · d of the liquid crystal layer 40 is 480 nm ± 10
0 nm, Δn · d of retardation plate 21 is 1600 nm ± 30
nm and Nz values are 0.3 to 0.7 (preferably 0.45 ±
0.1), and Δn · d of the liquid crystal layer 20 is 1350 nm.
± 100 nm, and Δn · d of the retardation plate 22 is 160
0 nm ± 30 nm, and Nz value is 0.3 to 0.7 (desirably 0.45 ± 0.1).
【００３７】このような構成によれば、液晶層４０に電
圧を印加しない状態で、液晶層２０に電圧を印加すると
印加電圧の実効値の上昇に伴って表示色が赤紫、白、青
紫、黒と変化する。一方、液晶層４０に閾値以上の電圧
を印加した状態では、これらの補色が表示される。従っ
て、走査電極１５、３５と信号電極１６、３６に印加す
る信号を印加することにより、表示色を制御してカラー
画像を表示することが可能となり、その表示色の数を通
常の２倍にすることができる。また、位相差板２１、２
２として２軸性の位相差板を使用しているので、液晶セ
ルの厚み方向の位相差が大きくなり、視野角が改善され
る。さらに、表示色の温度による色ずれが低減される。According to this structure, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 20 without applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 40, the display colors are red purple, white, and blue purple as the effective value of the applied voltage increases. It changes to black. On the other hand, these complementary colors are displayed when a voltage equal to or higher than the threshold is applied to the liquid crystal layer 40. Therefore, by applying signals to the scanning electrodes 15 and 35 and the signal electrodes 16 and 36, it is possible to control the display colors and display a color image, and the number of the display colors is doubled as usual. can do. In addition, the phase difference plates 21, 2
Since the biaxial retardation plate is used as 2, the retardation in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal cell is increased, and the viewing angle is improved. Further, the color shift due to the temperature of the display color is reduced.
【００３８】以上説明したように、この発明の第１及び
第２実施例の液晶表示素子によれば、液晶セル１２と３
２の印加電圧を制御して表示色を制御し、任意のカラー
画像を表示できる。また、視野角が大きくなり、さら
に、温度変化による色ずれ等を低減できる。As described above, according to the liquid crystal display elements of the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal cells 12 and 3 are provided.
It is possible to display an arbitrary color image by controlling the applied voltage of 2 to control the display color. In addition, the viewing angle is increased, and further color shift due to temperature change can be reduced.
【００３９】なお、この発明は上記第１及び第２実施例
に限定されない。例えば、第１実施例において、図８に
示すように、偏光板２３の偏光軸２３ａを第１の液晶セ
ル１２の配向膜１８の配向処理方向１８ａに対して反時
計方向へ５０°±１０°（基準線Ｓに対して８５°±１
０°）傾けて交差させ、第２実施例において、図９に示
すように、偏光板２３の偏光軸２３ａを液晶セル１２の
配向膜１８の配向処理方向１８ａに対して時計方向へ８
０°±１０°（基準線Ｓに対して４５°±１０°）傾け
て交差させことにより、図４に示す液晶４０への印加電
圧と表示色の関係を逆にすることも可能である。このよ
うな配置とすることにより、液晶４０が初期配向状態
（ほぼ９０°ねじれ状態）の時に、黒、シアン、黄色、
マゼンタの各色を表示するようにできる。The present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments described above. For example, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the polarization axis 23a of the polarizing plate 23 is set to 50 ° ± 10 ° counterclockwise with respect to the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18 of the first liquid crystal cell 12. (85 ° ± 1 with respect to the reference line S
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the polarization axis 23a of the polarizing plate 23 is set in the clockwise direction with respect to the alignment treatment direction 18a of the alignment film 18 of the liquid crystal cell 12 and is inclined by 0 °).
It is also possible to reverse the relationship between the applied voltage to the liquid crystal 40 and the display color shown in FIG. 4 by inclining and intersecting at 0 ° ± 10 ° (45 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the reference line S). With such an arrangement, when the liquid crystal 40 is in the initial alignment state (almost 90 ° twisted state), black, cyan, yellow,
Each color of magenta can be displayed.
【００４０】また、上記実施例では、単純マトリクス方
式の液晶表示素子を例に本願発明を説明したが、本願発
明は、ＴＦＴ（薄膜トランジスタ）等をアクティブ素子
として用いたアクティブマトリクス方式の液晶表示素子
にも適用可能である。Further, although the present invention has been described by taking the simple matrix type liquid crystal display element as an example in the above embodiment, the present invention is applicable to an active matrix type liquid crystal display element using a TFT (thin film transistor) or the like as an active element. Is also applicable.
【００４１】上記実施例では、反射板２５を偏光板２４
側に有する反射型の液晶表示素子について説明したが、
反射板２５を偏光板２３側に配置しても同様の効果を得
ることができる。また、上記実施例では、反射板２５を
備えた反射型の液晶表示素子について説明したが、この
発明は透過型の液晶表示素子にも適用可能である。In the above embodiment, the reflection plate 25 is replaced by the polarization plate 24.
Although the reflective liquid crystal display element on the side has been described,
The same effect can be obtained by disposing the reflection plate 25 on the polarizing plate 23 side. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the reflective liquid crystal display element provided with the reflection plate 25 has been described, but the present invention is also applicable to a transmissive liquid crystal display element.
【００４２】[0042]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、この発明によれ
ば、色純度の高い三原色と白及び黒を表示できフルカラ
ーで画像を表示でき、視野角を広くし、さらに、温度変
化に伴う色ずれを低減できる。As described above, according to the present invention, the three primary colors of high color purity and white and black can be displayed, a full-color image can be displayed, the viewing angle can be widened, and color shift due to temperature change can be achieved. Can be reduced.
【図１】この発明の第１実施例にかかる液晶表示素子の
断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display element according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】第１実施例にかかる液晶表示素子における配向
処理の方向と、偏光板の透過軸と、位相差板の延伸軸の
位置関係を示す平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a positional relationship between a direction of alignment treatment, a transmission axis of a polarizing plate and a stretching axis of a retardation plate in the liquid crystal display element according to the first example.
【図３】第１と第２の液晶表示セルの駆動部の構成例を
示すブロック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of drive units of first and second liquid crystal display cells.
【図４】第１実施例に係る液晶表示素子の印加電圧と表
示色の関係を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between an applied voltage and a display color of the liquid crystal display element according to the first example.
【図５】第１実施例に係る液晶表示素子の色度図の一例
を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a chromaticity diagram of the liquid crystal display element according to the first example.
【図６】この発明の第２実施例にかかる液晶表示素子の
断面図である。FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display element according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】第２実施例にかかる液晶表示素子における配向
処理の方向と、偏光板の透過軸と、位相差板の延伸軸の
位置関係を示す平面図である。FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a positional relationship between a direction of alignment treatment, a transmission axis of a polarizing plate and a stretching axis of a retardation plate in a liquid crystal display element according to a second example.
【図８】第１実施例にかかる液晶表示素子における配向
処理の方向と、偏光板の透過軸の位置関係の変形例を示
す図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a modification of the positional relationship between the orientation of the alignment treatment and the transmission axis of the polarizing plate in the liquid crystal display element according to the first example.
【図９】第２実施例にかかる液晶表示素子における配向
処理の方向と、偏光板の透過軸の位置関係の変形例を示
す図である。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a modification of the positional relationship between the orientation of the alignment treatment and the transmission axis of the polarizing plate in the liquid crystal display element according to the second example.
１１・・・液晶表示素子、１２・・・第１の液晶セル、１３・・
・ガラス基板、１４・・・ガラス基板、１５・・・走査電極、
１６・・・信号電極、１７・・・配向膜、１８・・・配向膜、１
９・・・シール材、２０・・・液晶層、２１・・・位相差板、２
２・・・位相差板、２３・・・偏光板、２４・・・偏光板、２５・
・・反射板、３２・・・第２の液晶セル、３３・・・ガラス基
板、３４・・・ガラス基板、３５・・・走査電極、３６・・・信
号電極、３７・・・配向膜、３８・・・配向膜、３９・・・シー
ル材、４０・・・液晶層11 ... Liquid crystal display element, 12 ... First liquid crystal cell, 13 ...
・ Glass substrate, 14 ... Glass substrate, 15 ... Scan electrode,
16 ... Signal electrode, 17 ... Alignment film, 18 ... Alignment film, 1
9 ... Sealing material, 20 ... Liquid crystal layer, 21 ... Phase difference plate, 2
2 ... Retardation plate, 23 ... Polarizing plate, 24 ... Polarizing plate, 25 ...
..Reflector plate, 32 ... Second liquid crystal cell, 33 ... Glass substrate, 34 ... Glass substrate, 35 ... Scan electrode, 36 ... Signal electrode, 37 ... Alignment film, 38 ... Alignment film, 39 ... Sealing material, 40 ... Liquid crystal layer
Claims (5)
前記第１と第２の基板の対向面にそれぞれ形成された第
１と第２の電極と、前記第１の電極と前記第１の基板上
に形成され、第１の配向処理方向に配向処理が施された
第１の配向膜と、前記第２の電極と前記第２の基板上に
形成され、第２の配向処理方向に配向処理が施された第
２の配向膜と、前記第１と第２の配向膜の間に封止さ
れ、前記第１と第２の配向膜の配向処理に従って２３０
°〜２７０°ツイストして配向され、その光学異方性Δ
ｎと厚さｄの積Δｎ・ｄが１２５０ｎｍ〜１４５０ｎｍ
の値を有する液晶と、より構成される第１の液晶セル
と、 対向面に電極が形成され、対向して配置された第３と第
４の基板と、前記第３と第４の基板間に７０°〜１１０
°ツイスト配向して封止され、Δｎ・ｄが３８０ｎｍ〜
５８０ｎｍの値を有する液晶と、より構成され、前記第
１の液晶セルに積層された第２の液晶セルと、 前記第２の液晶セルの外側に配置され、その透過軸が第
２の配向処理方向を基準として時計回り方向へ３０°〜
５０°又は反時計回り方向へ４０°〜６０°傾いた方向
で交差するように配置された第１の偏光板と、 前記第１の液晶セルの外側に配置され、その透過軸が第
２の配向処理方向に対し３５°〜５５°で交差するよう
に配置された第２の偏光板と、 前記第１の液晶セルと前記第２の液晶セルの間に配置さ
れ、その延伸軸方向の屈折率をｎｘ，延伸軸に直交する
方向の屈折率をｎｙ，厚さ方向の屈折率をｎｚとした場
合に、ｎｘ＞ｎｚ＞ｎｙの関係を満たし、前記延伸軸が
前記第２の配向処理方向に対し１５°〜３５°で交差す
るように配置された２軸性の第１の位相差板と、 前記第１の液晶セルと前記第１の位相差板の間に配置さ
れ、その延伸軸方向の屈折率をｎｘ，延伸軸に直交する
方向の屈折率をｎｙ，厚さ方向の屈折率をｎｚとした場
合に、ｎｘ＞ｎｚ＞ｎｙの関係を満たし、前記延伸軸が
前記第２の配向処理方向に対し５°〜２５°で交差する
ように配置された２軸性の第２の位相差板と、 より構成されることを特徴とするカラー液晶表示素子。1. A first substrate and a second substrate arranged to face each other,
First and second electrodes respectively formed on the facing surfaces of the first and second substrates, and an alignment treatment in a first alignment treatment direction formed on the first electrode and the first substrate. A first alignment film that has been subjected to a second alignment film, a second alignment film that is formed on the second electrode and the second substrate, and that has been subjected to an alignment process in a second alignment process direction; Between the first and second alignment films and sealed according to the alignment treatment of the first and second alignment films.
° -270 ° twisted and oriented, its optical anisotropy Δ
The product Δn · d of n and thickness d is 1250 nm to 1450 nm
A first liquid crystal cell composed of a liquid crystal having a value of, a third and a fourth substrate with electrodes formed on the opposite surfaces and facing each other, and between the third and the fourth substrates. 70 ° to 110
° Twisted and sealed, Δn · d is 380nm ~
A second liquid crystal cell composed of a liquid crystal having a value of 580 nm and laminated on the first liquid crystal cell; and a transmission axis of the second liquid crystal cell disposed outside the second liquid crystal cell and having a transmission axis. 30 ° clockwise from the direction
A first polarizing plate disposed so as to intersect in a direction inclined by 50 ° or 40 ° to 60 ° in the counterclockwise direction; and a transmission axis of the first polarizing plate disposed outside the first liquid crystal cell. A second polarizing plate arranged so as to intersect the alignment treatment direction at 35 ° to 55 °, and a second polarizing plate arranged between the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell and refracted in the stretching axis direction. When the index is nx, the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the stretching axis is ny, and the refractive index in the thickness direction is nz, the relationship of nx>nz> ny is satisfied, and the stretching axis is the second alignment treatment direction. And a biaxial first retardation plate arranged so as to intersect at 15 ° to 35 ° with respect to the first liquid crystal cell and the first retardation plate. When the refractive index is nx, the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the stretching axis is ny, and the refractive index in the thickness direction is nz, a biaxial second retardation plate which satisfies the relationship of nx>nz> ny and is arranged such that the stretching axis intersects the second alignment treatment direction at 5 ° to 25 °. A color liquid crystal display device characterized by being processed.
ｎｍ±３０ｎｍ、Ｎｚ値が０．３〜０．７の２軸性の位
相差板であり、 前記第２の位相差板はΔｎ・ｄが１５５０ｎｍ±３０ｎ
ｍ、Ｎｚ値が０．３〜０．７の２軸性の位相差板であ
る、ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のカラー液晶表示
素子。2. The first retardation plate has a Δn · d of 1600.
nm ± 30 nm, Nz value is 0.3 to 0.7 biaxial retardation plate, Δn · d of the second retardation plate is 1550 nm ± 30 n
The color liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, which is a biaxial retardation plate having m and Nz values of 0.3 to 0.7.
前記第１と第２の基板の対向面にそれぞれ形成された第
１と第２の電極と、前記第１の電極と前記第１の基板上
に形成され、第１の配向処理方向に配向処理が施された
第１の配向膜と、前記第２の電極と前記第２の基板上に
形成され、第２の配向処理方向に配向処理が施された第
２の配向膜と、前記第１と第２の配向膜の間に封止さ
れ、前記第１と第２の配向膜の配向処理に従って２３０
°〜２７０°ツイストして配向され、その光学異方性Δ
ｎと厚さｄの積Δｎ・ｄが実質的に１２５０ｎｍ〜１４
５０ｎｍの値を有する液晶と、より構成される第１の液
晶セルと、 対向面に電極が形成され、対向して配置された第３と第
４の基板と、前記第３と第４の基板間に７０°〜１１０
°ツイスト配向して封止され、Δｎ・ｄが３８０ｎｍ〜
５８０ｎｍの値を有する液晶と、より構成され、前記第
１の液晶セルに積層された第２の液晶セルと、 前記第２の液晶セルの外側に配置され、その透過軸が第
２の配向処理方向を基準として反時計回り方向へ０°〜
２０°又は時計回り方向へ７０°〜９０°傾いた方向で
交差するように配置された第１の偏光板と、 前記第１の液晶セルの外側に配置され、その透過軸が第
２の配向処理方向に対し３５°〜５５°で交差するよう
に配置された第２の偏光板と、 前記第１の液晶セルと前記第２の液晶セルの間に配置さ
れ、その延伸軸方向の屈折率をｎｘ，延伸軸に直交する
方向の屈折率をｎｙ，厚さ方向の屈折率をｎｚとした場
合に、ｎｘ＞ｎｚ＞ｎｙの関係を満たし、前記延伸軸が
前記第２の配向処理方向に対し２５°〜４５°で交差す
るように配置された２軸性の第１の位相差板と、 前記第１の液晶セルと前記第２の偏光板の間に配置さ
れ、その延伸軸方向の屈折率をｎｘ，延伸軸に直交する
方向の屈折率をｎｙ，厚さ方向の屈折率をｎｚとした場
合に、ｎｘ＞ｎｚ＞ｎｙの関係を満たし、前記延伸軸が
前記第２の配向処理方向に対し０°〜２０°で交差する
ように配置された２軸性の第２の位相差板と、 より構成されることを特徴とするカラー液晶表示素子。3. A first substrate and a second substrate arranged to face each other,
First and second electrodes respectively formed on the facing surfaces of the first and second substrates, and an alignment treatment in a first alignment treatment direction formed on the first electrode and the first substrate. A first alignment film that has been subjected to a second alignment film, a second alignment film that is formed on the second electrode and the second substrate, and that has been subjected to an alignment process in a second alignment process direction; Between the first and second alignment films and sealed according to the alignment treatment of the first and second alignment films.
° -270 ° twisted and oriented, its optical anisotropy Δ
The product Δn · d of n and the thickness d is substantially 1250 nm to 14
A first liquid crystal cell composed of liquid crystal having a value of 50 nm; third and fourth substrates having electrodes formed on the opposite surfaces and facing each other; and the third and fourth substrates Between 70 ° and 110
° Twisted and sealed, Δn · d is 380nm ~
A second liquid crystal cell composed of a liquid crystal having a value of 580 nm and laminated on the first liquid crystal cell; and a transmission axis of the second liquid crystal cell disposed outside the second liquid crystal cell and having a transmission axis. 0 ° to the counterclockwise direction based on the direction
A first polarizing plate arranged so as to intersect in a direction inclined by 20 ° or clockwise by 70 ° to 90 °, and arranged outside the first liquid crystal cell, and its transmission axis has a second alignment. A second polarizing plate disposed so as to intersect the processing direction at 35 ° to 55 °, and a refractive index in the stretching axis direction disposed between the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell. Nx, the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the stretching axis is ny, and the refractive index in the thickness direction is nz, the relationship of nx>nz> ny is satisfied, and the stretching axis is in the second alignment treatment direction. A biaxial first retardation plate arranged so as to intersect at 25 ° to 45 °, and a refractive index in the stretching axis direction arranged between the first liquid crystal cell and the second polarizing plate. Is nx, the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the stretching axis is ny, and the refractive index in the thickness direction is nz, >Nz> ny, and a biaxial second retardation plate arranged such that the stretching axis intersects the second alignment treatment direction at 0 ° to 20 °. A color liquid crystal display device characterized by the following.
６００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍ、Ｎｚ値が０．３〜０．７の２軸
性の位相差板であることを特徴とする請求項３に記載の
カラー液晶表示素子。4. The first and second retardation plates have a Δnd of 1
The color liquid crystal display element according to claim 3, wherein the color liquid crystal display element is a biaxial retardation plate having 600 nm ± 30 nm and an Nz value of 0.3 to 0.7.
射板を備え、反射型であることを特徴とする請求項１乃
至４のいずれか１つに記載のカラー液晶表示素子。5. The color liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, further comprising a reflection plate provided outside one of the first and second polarizing plates and being a reflection type. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6111792A JPH07294910A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Color liquid crystal display element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6111792A JPH07294910A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Color liquid crystal display element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07294910A true JPH07294910A (en) | 1995-11-10 |
Family
ID=14570275
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6111792A Pending JPH07294910A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Color liquid crystal display element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07294910A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5838408A (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1998-11-17 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Liquid crystal device and electronic equipment using the same |
| CN103033985A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-04-10 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device and preparation method thereof |
| CN110168435A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-08-23 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Image display device |
-
1994
- 1994-04-28 JP JP6111792A patent/JPH07294910A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5838408A (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1998-11-17 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Liquid crystal device and electronic equipment using the same |
| CN103033985A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-04-10 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal display device and preparation method thereof |
| CN110168435A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-08-23 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Image display device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6693689B1 (en) | Reflective liquid crystal display device | |
| JPH0743707A (en) | Liquid crystal display device and its production | |
| JPH07244284A (en) | Liquid crystal display | |
| JP3308154B2 (en) | Liquid crystal panel and its driving method | |
| JPH02124529A (en) | Two-layer type liquid crystal display device | |
| JPH07294910A (en) | Color liquid crystal display element | |
| JPH02285324A (en) | Liquid crystal display element | |
| JPH08190081A (en) | Color liquid crystal display element | |
| JPH09258214A (en) | Color liquid crystal display device | |
| JP3297606B2 (en) | Color liquid crystal display panel | |
| JPH0311317A (en) | Liquid crystal display device | |
| JP3648572B2 (en) | Color liquid crystal display device | |
| JPH0815696A (en) | Color liquid crystal display element | |
| JPH075457A (en) | Color liquid crystal display device | |
| JPH10301080A (en) | Liquid crystal display device | |
| JPH03259221A (en) | Liquid crystal display element | |
| JPH07333601A (en) | Color liquid crystal display element | |
| JP3289370B2 (en) | Color liquid crystal display | |
| KR20020058272A (en) | a optical film for liquid crystal display | |
| JP3295600B2 (en) | Color liquid crystal display panel | |
| JPH095702A (en) | Color liquid crystal display device | |
| JPH03230123A (en) | Display operation terminal device | |
| JPH09281482A (en) | Liquid crystal display element | |
| JPH03191326A (en) | Liquid crystal display device | |
| JPH0933915A (en) | Color liquid crystal display element |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |