JPH07293602A - Two-wheel and four-wheel drive switching mechanism - Google Patents
Two-wheel and four-wheel drive switching mechanismInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07293602A JPH07293602A JP8162494A JP8162494A JPH07293602A JP H07293602 A JPH07293602 A JP H07293602A JP 8162494 A JP8162494 A JP 8162494A JP 8162494 A JP8162494 A JP 8162494A JP H07293602 A JPH07293602 A JP H07293602A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- drive shaft
- peripheral portion
- rotating member
- side drive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、エンジンからの駆動力
の配分状態を切り換えることができる、二輪駆動・四輪
駆動切換機構に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism capable of switching the distribution of driving force from an engine.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、車両の駆動力伝達状態（駆動
モード）を二輪駆動モードと差動制限式四輪駆動モード
（以下、フルタイム四輪駆動モードという）と直結四輪
駆動モードとを切り換えることのできる四輪駆動車にお
いて、駆動モードを切り換える駆動力配分機構として
は、例えば図７に示すような機構が考えられる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a driving force transmission state (driving mode) of a vehicle is classified into a two-wheel driving mode, a differential limited four-wheel driving mode (hereinafter referred to as a full-time four-wheel driving mode) and a direct-coupling four-wheel driving mode. In a four-wheel drive vehicle that can be switched, as a drive force distribution mechanism that switches the drive mode, for example, a mechanism shown in FIG. 7 can be considered.
【０００３】図７において、１は図示しないエンジンか
らの駆動力を前輪側に伝達しうる前輪側駆動軸（フロン
ト軸）であり、２はやはり図示しないエンジンからの駆
動力を後輪側に伝達しうる後輪側駆動軸（リア軸）、３
は複数のアウタプレート４と複数のインナプレート５と
をそなえた差動制限機構としてのビスカスカップリング
ユニット（ＶＣＵ）である。In FIG. 7, reference numeral 1 denotes a front-wheel-side drive shaft (front shaft) capable of transmitting driving force from an engine (not shown) to the front wheels, and reference numeral 2 denotes transmission of driving force from an engine (not shown) to the rear wheels. Possible rear wheel drive shaft (rear shaft), 3
Is a viscous coupling unit (VCU) as a differential limiting mechanism including a plurality of outer plates 4 and a plurality of inner plates 5.
【０００４】なお、アウタプレート４は、ＶＣＵ３のア
ウタケース７に取り付けられており、アウタケース７
は、その一端部側でフロント軸１に接続されている。し
たがって、フロント軸１とアウタプレート４とは、常に
一体回転するようになっている。また、インナプレート
５は、フロント軸１及びリア軸２と同軸上に設けられた
中間軸６に接続されており、中間軸６と一体に回転する
ようになっている。The outer plate 4 is attached to the outer case 7 of the VCU 3, and the outer case 7
Is connected to the front shaft 1 at one end thereof. Therefore, the front shaft 1 and the outer plate 4 always rotate integrally. Further, the inner plate 5 is connected to an intermediate shaft 6 provided coaxially with the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2, and is configured to rotate integrally with the intermediate shaft 6.
【０００５】一方、アウタケース７の他端部（開口端
部）側には、ドグクラッチ用の歯車８が形成されてお
り、この歯車８の近傍には、中間軸６に形成されたドグ
クラッチ用歯車９と、リア軸２に形成されたドグクラッ
チ用歯車１０とが直列的に配設されている。また、これ
らのドグクラッチ用歯車８，９，１０に噛合するような
ドグクラッチ用のスリーブ１１が設けられており、この
スリーブ１１には、例えばシフトレバー（図示省略）等
が接続されて、車室内から操作できるようになってい
る。On the other hand, a gear 8 for a dog clutch is formed on the other end (opening end) side of the outer case 7, and a gear for a dog clutch formed on the intermediate shaft 6 is formed near the gear 8. 9 and a dog clutch gear 10 formed on the rear shaft 2 are arranged in series. Further, a sleeve 11 for the dog clutch that meshes with the gears 8, 9, 10 for the dog clutch is provided. For example, a shift lever (not shown) is connected to the sleeve 11 so that the sleeve 11 can be removed from the passenger compartment. It can be operated.
【０００６】なお、エンジンからの回転駆動力は、フロ
ント側、リア側のどちらの車軸１，２に入力されていて
も構わないが、ここでは、便宜上、フロント軸１に入力
されているものとする。このような構成によれば、ドラ
イバがシフトレバーを操作してスリーブ１１の位置を移
動させることにより、車両の駆動力伝達状態（駆動モー
ド）を二輪駆動モード又はフルタイム四輪駆動モード又
は直結四輪駆動モード４に選択的に切り換えることがで
きる。Incidentally, the rotational driving force from the engine may be inputted to either the front side or the rear side axles 1 and 2, but here, for convenience, it is assumed that it is inputted to the front axle 1. To do. With such a configuration, the driver operates the shift lever to move the position of the sleeve 11 so that the driving force transmission state (driving mode) of the vehicle is changed to the two-wheel drive mode, the full-time four-wheel drive mode, or the direct connection four-wheel drive mode. It is possible to selectively switch to the wheel drive mode 4.
【０００７】つまり、二輪駆動モードに設定する場合
は、スリーブ１１を図中右側に移動させる。これによ
り、スリーブ１１がリア軸２のドグクラッチ用歯車１０
にのみ噛合して、フロント軸１とリア軸２とが切り離さ
れる。したがって、前輪側のみに駆動力が伝達されるよ
うになり、この車両は二輪駆動で走行するようになって
いる。That is, when the two-wheel drive mode is set, the sleeve 11 is moved to the right side in the figure. As a result, the sleeve 11 makes the dog clutch gear 10 of the rear shaft 2
The front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2 are separated from each other by meshing only with. Therefore, the driving force is transmitted only to the front wheels, and the vehicle is driven by two-wheel drive.
【０００８】また、フルタイム四輪駆動モードに設定す
る場合には、スリーブ１１を上述の二輪駆動力モード位
置よりも左方向へ移動させて、スリーブ１１を歯車９と
歯車１０とに噛合させる。これにより、リア軸２と中間
軸６とが接続され、フロント軸１とリア軸２とに差回転
が生じるとＶＣＵ３が作動してエンジン駆動力がリア軸
２に伝達されるようになるのである。When the full-time four-wheel drive mode is set, the sleeve 11 is moved to the left of the above-mentioned two-wheel drive force mode position so that the sleeve 11 meshes with the gear 9 and the gear 10. As a result, the rear shaft 2 and the intermediate shaft 6 are connected, and when a differential rotation occurs between the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2, the VCU 3 operates and the engine driving force is transmitted to the rear shaft 2. .
【０００９】また、直結四輪駆動モードに切り換える場
合は、スリーブ１１をさらに左方向へ移動させて、スリ
ーブ１１を歯車８と歯車１０とに噛合させる。これによ
り、ＶＣＵ３のアウタケース７とリア軸２とが直結状態
となり、エンジン駆動力はフロント軸１からアウタケー
ス７を介してリア軸２に伝達されるのである。したがっ
て、エンジンの駆動力が常にフロント軸１とリア軸２と
に例えば５０：５０で配分される直結四輪駆動モードが
達成されるのである。When switching to the direct-coupling four-wheel drive mode, the sleeve 11 is further moved to the left to engage the sleeve 11 with the gear 8 and the gear 10. As a result, the outer case 7 of the VCU 3 and the rear shaft 2 are directly connected, and the engine driving force is transmitted from the front shaft 1 to the rear shaft 2 via the outer case 7. Therefore, the direct-coupling four-wheel drive mode in which the driving force of the engine is always distributed to the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2 at, for example, 50:50 is achieved.
【００１０】ところで、上記以外にも、フルタイム四輪
駆動モードと直結四輪駆動モードとのみを切り換える機
構として、例えば図８に示すような機構が考えられる。
この切換機構では、リア軸（又はフロント軸）２が中空
に形成され、このリア軸（又はフロント軸）２内に、リ
ア軸（又はフロント軸）２と同軸上にフロント軸（又は
リア軸）１が設けられている。また、詳細は図示しない
が、フロント軸とリア軸との差回転を許容するための差
動機構（ディファレンシャルギア）が設けられている。
なお、エンジンからの駆動力は、例えばデフキャリア１
３の外周側に形成された歯車２７から入力される。Incidentally, in addition to the above, as a mechanism for switching only between the full-time four-wheel drive mode and the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode, for example, a mechanism shown in FIG. 8 can be considered.
In this switching mechanism, a rear shaft (or front shaft) 2 is formed in a hollow shape, and the rear shaft (or front shaft) 2 is coaxial with the front shaft (or rear shaft) 2 inside the rear shaft (or front shaft) 2. 1 is provided. Although not shown in detail, a differential mechanism (differential gear) for allowing a differential rotation between the front shaft and the rear shaft is provided.
The driving force from the engine is, for example, the differential carrier 1
3 is input from the gear 27 formed on the outer peripheral side.
【００１１】また、フロント軸１及びリア軸２の端部
（図中右側）には、これら２本のシャフト１，２の差動
制限を行なう差動制限機構としてのＶＣＵ３が設けられ
ている。このＶＣＵ３は、アウタケース７とインナケー
ス１４とから構成されており、アウタケース７には複数
のアウタプレート４が取り付けられ、インナケース１４
には複数のインナプレート５が取り付けられている。ま
た、アウタケース７は、フロント軸１の端部に設けられ
たスプライン溝に係合してフロント軸１と一体に回転
し、インナケース１４はリア軸２に設けられたスプライ
ン溝に係合してリア軸２と一体に回転するようになって
いる。A VCU 3 as a differential limiting mechanism for limiting the differential between the two shafts 1 and 2 is provided at the ends of the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2 (on the right side in the drawing). The VCU 3 is composed of an outer case 7 and an inner case 14, and a plurality of outer plates 4 are attached to the outer case 7,
A plurality of inner plates 5 are attached to the. The outer case 7 engages with a spline groove provided at the end of the front shaft 1 to rotate integrally with the front shaft 1, and the inner case 14 engages with a spline groove provided at the rear shaft 2. It is designed to rotate integrally with the rear shaft 2.
【００１２】したがって、フロント軸１とリア軸２との
間で差回転が生じると、差動機構によりこの差回転が吸
収されるが、この差回転が大きくなると、ＶＣＵ３によ
り差回転が制限される。また、アウタケース７の端部
（図中左側）には、ドグクラッチ用の歯車８が設けられ
ており、この歯車８に隣接して、インナケース１４に接
続されたドグクラッチ用の歯車９が設けられている。Therefore, when a differential rotation occurs between the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2, this differential rotation is absorbed by the differential mechanism, but when this differential rotation becomes large, the differential rotation is limited by the VCU 3. . A gear 8 for a dog clutch is provided at an end portion (left side in the figure) of the outer case 7, and a gear 9 for a dog clutch connected to the inner case 14 is provided adjacent to the gear 8. ing.
【００１３】さらに、この歯車９にはスリーブ１１が噛
合しており、スリーブ１１を移動させて歯車８及び歯車
９に噛合させることにより、アウタケース７とインナケ
ース１４とをロックして、これらのアウタケース７とイ
ンナケース１４とを常に一体に回転させることができる
ようになっている。したがって、フルタイム四輪駆動モ
ードで走行するときは、スリーブ１１を図中左側に移動
させて、アウタケース７とインナケース１４とをフリー
にすることにより、エンジンの駆動力がフロント軸１と
リア軸２とに伝達される。また、これらの２本のシャフ
ト１，２に差回転が生じるとディファレンシャルギアに
より吸収されたり、あるいはＶＣＵ３により差回転が制
限されるのである。Further, a sleeve 11 is meshed with the gear 9, and the outer case 7 and the inner case 14 are locked by moving the sleeve 11 to mesh with the gear 8 and the gear 9. The outer case 7 and the inner case 14 can always be rotated integrally. Therefore, when traveling in the full-time four-wheel drive mode, by moving the sleeve 11 to the left side in the drawing and freeing the outer case 7 and the inner case 14, the driving force of the engine is increased by the front shaft 1 and the rear case. It is transmitted to the shaft 2. Further, if a differential rotation occurs between these two shafts 1 and 2, it is absorbed by the differential gear, or the differential rotation is limited by the VCU 3.
【００１４】また、直結四輪駆動モードで走行するとき
は、スリーブ１１を図中右側に移動させることにより、
アウタケース７とインナケース１４とをロックする。ア
ウタケース７及びインナケース１４は、それぞれリア軸
２及びフロント軸１にスプラインを介して噛合している
ので、アウタケース７とインナケース１４とをロックす
ることにより、２本のプロペラシャフト１，２が直結状
態となるのである。なお、符号１５は、この切換機構の
ケーシングである。When traveling in the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode, by moving the sleeve 11 to the right side in the figure,
The outer case 7 and the inner case 14 are locked. Since the outer case 7 and the inner case 14 mesh with the rear shaft 2 and the front shaft 1 via splines, respectively, by locking the outer case 7 and the inner case 14, the two propeller shafts 1 and 2 are locked. Is directly connected. Reference numeral 15 is a casing of this switching mechanism.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、図８に
示すような機構では、フルタイム四輪駆動モードと直結
四輪駆動モードとの切り換えを行なうために、ＶＣＵ３
のアウタケース７及びインナケース１４とに歯車９，１
０を設ける必要があり、切換機構の小型化が困難であ
る。また、部品点数も増加してしまうという課題があ
る。However, in the mechanism shown in FIG. 8, the VCU 3 is used to switch between the full-time four-wheel drive mode and the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode.
The outer case 7 and inner case 14 of the gears 9, 1
Therefore, it is difficult to reduce the size of the switching mechanism. In addition, there is a problem that the number of parts also increases.
【００１６】また、図７に示すような二輪駆動モードが
設定された切換機構では、歯車がさらに１つ増えてしま
い、部品点数がさらに増加してしまう。また、切換機構
自体の小型化もやはり困難であるという課題がある。本
発明は、このような課題に鑑み創案されたもので、部品
点数を削減して、駆動モードの切換機構を小型化できる
ようにした二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構を提供すること
を目的とする。Further, in the switching mechanism in which the two-wheel drive mode is set as shown in FIG. 7, the number of gears is increased by one and the number of parts is further increased. Further, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the size of the switching mechanism itself. The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism in which the number of parts is reduced and the driving mode switching mechanism can be downsized. To do.
【００１７】[0017]
【課題を解決するための手段】このため、請求項１記載
の本発明の二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構は、駆動力が前
輪側駆動軸と後輪側駆動軸との何れか一方に直接伝達さ
れるとともに該前輪側駆動軸と該後輪側駆動軸との他方
に選択的に伝達される駆動力伝達機構にそなえられる二
輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構において、該前輪側駆動軸に
結合されうる第１回転部材と、該第１回転部材に対して
相対回転可能であって軸方向へ一体的に結合されるとと
もに該後輪側駆動軸に結合されうる第２回転部材と、こ
れらの両回転部材の相対回転に応じて該両回転部材間の
差動を制限する差動制限機構とをそなえ、該前輪側駆動
軸と該後輪側駆動軸とが互いに同軸上に配設されると共
に該前輪側駆動軸と該後輪側駆動軸とのそれぞれに同径
の外周部が形成され、該第１回転部材及び該第２回転部
材に、該前輪側駆動軸及び該後輪側駆動軸の各外周部に
対して軸方向に摺動可能で且つ一体回転するように結合
しうる内周部がそれぞれ形成されて、該第１回転部材及
び該第２回転部材を軸方向に摺動させて、該第１回転部
材及び該第２回転部材の各内周部の該前輪側駆動軸及び
該後輪側駆動軸の各外周部に対する結合関係を切り換え
る切換駆動手段が設けられていることを特徴としてい
る。Therefore, in the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism of the present invention according to claim 1, the driving force is directly applied to one of the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft. In a two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism provided with a driving force transmission mechanism that is transmitted and is selectively transmitted to the other of the front-wheel-side drive shaft and the rear-wheel-side drive shaft, it is coupled to the front-wheel-side drive shaft. A first rotating member, a second rotating member that is relatively rotatable with respect to the first rotating member, is integrally connected in the axial direction, and is also connected to the rear wheel side drive shaft; The front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft are arranged coaxially with each other, and a differential limiting mechanism for limiting a differential between the both rotary members according to relative rotation of the both rotary members. At the same time, an outer peripheral portion having the same diameter is formed on each of the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft. , Which can be coupled to the first rotating member and the second rotating member so as to be axially slidable and integrally rotatable with respect to respective outer peripheral portions of the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft. Peripheral portions are respectively formed, and the first rotating member and the second rotating member are slid in the axial direction, and the front wheel side drive shaft of each inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member and the second rotating member is formed. And a switching drive means for switching the coupling relationship between the rear wheel side drive shaft and each outer peripheral portion.
【００１８】また、請求項２記載の本発明の二輪駆動・
四輪駆動切換機構は、上記請求項１記載の構成に加え
て、該第１回転部材及び該第２回転部材の各内周部の該
前輪側駆動軸及び該後輪側駆動軸の各外周部に対する該
結合関係が、該第１回転部材の内周部が該前輪側駆動軸
の外周部のみに結合され該第２回転部材の内周部が該後
輪側駆動軸の外周部のみに結合される差動制限式四輪駆
動モードと、該第１回転部材の内周部と該第２回転部材
の内周部とのいずれか一方が該前輪側駆動軸の外周部と
該後輪側駆動軸の外周部との両方に結合される直結四輪
駆動モードと、該第１回転部材の内周部と該第２回転部
材の内周部との両方が該前輪側駆動軸の外周部と該後輪
側駆動軸の外周部とのいずれか一方のみに結合される二
輪駆動モードとの３つのモードをそなえていることを特
徴としている。A two-wheel drive according to the present invention as set forth in claim 2
The four-wheel drive switching mechanism is, in addition to the structure according to claim 1, each outer periphery of the front wheel side drive shaft and each rear wheel side drive shaft of each inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member and the second rotating member. The inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member is connected only to the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft, and the inner peripheral portion of the second rotating member is connected only to the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft. One of the inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member and the inner peripheral portion of the second rotating member is connected to the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel drive shaft and the rear wheel. A direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode that is coupled to both the outer peripheral portion of the side drive shaft and both the inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member and the inner peripheral portion of the second rotating member have an outer periphery of the front wheel side drive shaft. It is characterized in that it has three modes, that is, a two-wheel drive mode that is coupled to only one of the above portion and the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft.
【００１９】また、請求項３記載の本発明の二輪駆動・
四輪駆動切換機構は、上記請求項１又は２記載の構成に
加えて、該第１回転部材の内周部と該前輪側駆動軸の外
周部と、及び、該第２回転部材の内周部と該後輪側駆動
軸の外周部とが、いずれもスプライン結合されているこ
とを特徴としている。また、請求項４記載の本発明の二
輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構は、上記請求項１又は２記載
の構成に加えて、該差動制限機構が、ビスカスカップリ
ングユニットであることを特徴としている。Further, the two-wheel drive according to the present invention according to claim 3
The four-wheel drive switching mechanism has, in addition to the structure according to claim 1 or 2, the inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member, the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft, and the inner peripheral portion of the second rotating member. The portion and the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft are both spline-coupled. Further, the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism of the present invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration according to claim 1 or 2, the differential limiting mechanism is a viscous coupling unit. There is.
【００２０】[0020]
【作用】上述の請求項１記載の本発明の二輪駆動・四輪
駆動切換機構では、切換駆動手段により、第１回転部材
及び第２回転部材を軸方向に摺動させることにより、第
１回転部材及び第２回転部材の各内周部と前輪側駆動軸
及び後輪側駆動軸の各外周部との結合関係が切り換えら
れる。これにより、駆動力が前輪側駆動軸と後輪側駆動
軸との何れか一方に直接伝達されるとともに、前輪側駆
動軸と後輪側駆動軸との他方に選択的に伝達されて駆動
力の伝達状態が変更される。In the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism of the present invention described in claim 1, the switching drive means axially slides the first rotating member and the second rotating member so that the first rotating member rotates. The coupling relationship between the inner peripheral portions of the member and the second rotary member and the outer peripheral portions of the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft is switched. As a result, the driving force is directly transmitted to either the front wheel side drive shaft or the rear wheel side drive shaft, and selectively transmitted to the other of the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft to drive the driving force. The transmission state of is changed.
【００２１】また、上述の請求項２記載の本発明の二輪
駆動・四輪駆動切換機構では、第１回転部材及び第２回
転部材の各内周部の前輪側駆動軸及び後輪側駆動軸の各
外周部に対する結合関係により、差動制限式四輪駆動モ
ードと直結四輪駆動モードと二輪駆動モードとに切り換
えられる。つまり、第１回転部材の内周部が前輪側駆動
軸の外周部のみに結合され、第２回転部材の内周部が後
輪側駆動軸の外周部のみに結合されると、差動制限式四
輪駆動モードとなる。Further, in the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism of the present invention described in claim 2, the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft of the inner peripheral portions of the first rotating member and the second rotating member are provided. Depending on the coupling relationship with each outer peripheral portion, the differential limited four-wheel drive mode, the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode, and the two-wheel drive mode can be switched. That is, when the inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member is coupled only to the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft and the inner peripheral portion of the second rotating member is coupled only to the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft, the differential limiting The four-wheel drive mode is set.
【００２２】また、第１回転部材の内周部と第２回転部
材の内周部とのいずれか一方が、前輪側駆動軸の外周部
と後輪側駆動軸の外周部との両方に結合されると、直結
四輪駆動モードとなる。さらに、第１回転部材の内周部
と第２回転部材の内周部との両方が、前輪側駆動軸の外
周部又は後輪側駆動軸の外周部のどちらか一方のみに結
合されると、二輪駆動モードとなる。Further, either one of the inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member and the inner peripheral portion of the second rotating member is connected to both the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft and the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft. Then, the direct connection four-wheel drive mode is set. Further, if both the inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member and the inner peripheral portion of the second rotating member are coupled to only one of the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft or the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft. , The two-wheel drive mode is set.
【００２３】また、上述の請求項３記載の本発明の二輪
駆動・四輪駆動切換機構では、第１回転部材の内周部と
前輪側駆動軸の外周部と、及び、第２回転部材の内周部
と後輪側駆動軸の外周部とが、いずれもスプラインによ
り係合する。また、上述の請求項４記載の本発明の二輪
駆動・四輪駆動切換機構では、ビスカスカップリングユ
ニットが差動制限機構として用いられる。Further, in the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism of the present invention as set forth in claim 3, the inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member, the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft, and the second rotating member. The inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft are both engaged by splines. Further, in the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism of the present invention described in claim 4, the viscous coupling unit is used as the differential limiting mechanism.
【００２４】[0024]
【実施例】以下、図面により、本発明の一実施例として
の二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構について説明すると、図
１〜図３はいずれもその要部構成を示す模式的な断面図
であって、図１は差動制限式四輪駆動モードを示す図、
図２は直結四輪駆動モードを示す図、図３は二輪駆動モ
ードを示す図、図４は本機構を搭載した車両の駆動力伝
達系の模式図であって前輪駆動車を基にした四輪駆動車
に本機構を適用した場合の駆動力伝達系の模式図、図５
は本機構を搭載した車両の駆動力伝達系の模式図であっ
て後輪駆動車を基にした四輪駆動車に本機構を適用した
場合の駆動力伝達系の模式図、図６は本機構を搭載した
車両の駆動力伝達系の模式図であってハイ・ローの変速
段をそなえた四輪駆動車に本機構を適用した場合の駆動
力伝達系の模式図である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism as one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 3 are all schematic sectional views showing the construction of the main part thereof. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a limited four-wheel drive mode,
2 is a diagram showing a direct-coupling four-wheel drive mode, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a two-wheel drive mode, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a driving force transmission system of a vehicle equipped with this mechanism, which is based on a front-wheel drive vehicle. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a driving force transmission system when the present mechanism is applied to a wheel drive vehicle.
Is a schematic diagram of a driving force transmission system of a vehicle equipped with this mechanism. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the driving force transmission system when the mechanism is applied to a four-wheel drive vehicle based on a rear-wheel drive vehicle. It is a schematic diagram of a driving force transmission system of a vehicle equipped with the mechanism, and is a schematic diagram of the driving force transmission system when the present mechanism is applied to a four-wheel drive vehicle having high and low shift stages.
【００２５】図１〜図３において、１は図示しないエン
ジンからの駆動力を前輪側に伝達しうる前輪側駆動軸
（フロント軸）であり、２は駆動力を後輪側に伝達しう
る後輪側駆動軸（リア軸）、３はケース１６に収納され
た差動制限機構としてのビスカスカップリングユニット
（ＶＣＵ）である。ケース１６は、第１回転部材として
のインナケース１４と第２回転部材としてのアウタケー
ス７とから構成されており、図１に示すように、インナ
ケース１４内にはインナプレート５が取り付けられてお
り、インナケース１４の外周側に形成されたアウタケー
ス７の内側にはアウタプレート４が取り付けられてい
る。1 to 3, reference numeral 1 is a front-wheel-side drive shaft (front shaft) capable of transmitting a driving force from an engine (not shown) to the front wheels, and 2 is a rear wheel capable of transmitting the driving force to the rear wheels. Wheel-side drive shafts (rear shafts) 3 are viscous coupling units (VCU) as a differential limiting mechanism housed in the case 16. The case 16 is composed of an inner case 14 as a first rotating member and an outer case 7 as a second rotating member. As shown in FIG. 1, the inner plate 5 is mounted inside the inner case 14. The outer plate 4 is attached to the inner side of the outer case 7 formed on the outer peripheral side of the inner case 14.
【００２６】また、ＶＣＵ３は、フロント軸１及びリア
軸２と同軸上に設けられており、インナケース１４とア
ウタケース７とは軸方向へ一体に移動でき、且つ相互に
回転可能に構成されている。そして、インナケース１４
とアウタケース７とが相対的に回転運動を行なうとイン
ナプレート５とアウタプレート４との相対回転により、
ＶＣＵ３内の作動流体（例えばシリコンオイル）が剪断
されて相対的な回転が抑制されながら力の伝達を行なう
ようになっている。Further, the VCU 3 is provided coaxially with the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2, and the inner case 14 and the outer case 7 are configured so as to be movable integrally in the axial direction and mutually rotatable. There is. And the inner case 14
When the outer case 7 and the outer case 7 relatively rotate, the relative rotation of the inner plate 5 and the outer plate 4 causes
The working fluid (for example, silicone oil) in the VCU 3 is sheared to suppress the relative rotation and transmit the force.
【００２７】ところで、アウタケース７及びインナケー
ス１４の内周部には、シャフト１，２の外周面（外周
部）と摺接しうる摺接面２１，２２がそれぞれ設けら
れ、この摺接面２１，２２が、シャフト１，２の外周面
上を摺動することによりケース１６が、シャフト１，２
上を移動するようになっている。そして、このフロント
軸１及びリア軸２の外周部にはスプライン溝１７，１８
が形成されており、インナケース１４の内周の摺接面２
１には、これらのスプライン溝１７，１８に係合するよ
うに、これらのスプライン溝１７，１８に対応した形状
でスプライン１９が形成されている。By the way, on the inner peripheral portions of the outer case 7 and the inner case 14, there are provided sliding contact surfaces 21 and 22 which are capable of sliding contact with the outer peripheral surfaces (outer peripheral portions) of the shafts 1 and 2, respectively. , 22 slide on the outer peripheral surfaces of the shafts 1, 2, so that the case 16 moves
It is designed to move up. The spline grooves 17, 18 are formed on the outer peripheral portions of the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2.
Is formed, and the sliding contact surface 2 on the inner circumference of the inner case 14 is formed.
1, the spline 19 is formed in a shape corresponding to the spline grooves 17 and 18 so as to be engaged with the spline grooves 17 and 18.
【００２８】また、アウタケース７の端部の摺接面２２
は、インナケース１４の内周面に隣接して、このインナ
ケース１４の内周面と面一になるように形成されてい
る。そして、アウタケース７の内周の摺接面２２には、
やはりシャフト１，２の外周面に形成されたスプライン
溝１７，１８に係合するように、これらに対応した形状
でスプライン２０が形成されている。Further, the sliding contact surface 22 at the end of the outer case 7
Is formed adjacent to the inner peripheral surface of the inner case 14 so as to be flush with the inner peripheral surface of the inner case 14. Then, on the inner peripheral sliding contact surface 22 of the outer case 7,
A spline 20 is formed in a shape corresponding to the spline grooves 17 and 18 formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the shafts 1 and 2, respectively.
【００２９】ところで、アウタケース７には、ケース１
６をフロント軸１及びリア軸２に沿って移動（摺動）さ
せる切換駆動手段としてスリーブ１１が設けられてい
る。そして、このスリーブ１１には、例えばシフトレバ
ー（図示省略）が接続されており、ドライバの操作によ
りスリーブ１１を介してケース１６を移動させることが
できるようになっている。By the way, the outer case 7 has a case 1
A sleeve 11 is provided as a switching drive means for moving (sliding) 6 along the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2. A shift lever (not shown) is connected to the sleeve 11, and the case 16 can be moved via the sleeve 11 by operating a driver.
【００３０】そして、このスリーブ１１の位置を移動さ
せることにより、インナケース１４，アウタケース７の
各内周部の、シャフト１，２の各外周部に対する結合関
係を切り換えることができ、この結合関係に応じて、こ
の車両の駆動力伝達状態（駆動モード）を差動制限式四
輪駆動モード（フルタイム四輪駆動モード）と直結四輪
駆動モードと二輪駆動モードとに切り換えることができ
るのである。By moving the position of the sleeve 11, it is possible to switch the coupling relationship between the inner peripheral portions of the inner case 14 and the outer case 7 and the outer peripheral portions of the shafts 1 and 2, and this coupling relationship. The drive force transmission state (drive mode) of the vehicle can be switched between the differential limited four-wheel drive mode (full-time four-wheel drive mode), the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode, and the two-wheel drive mode according to .
【００３１】即ち、フルタイム四輪駆動モードは、図１
に示すように、スプライン１９がスプライン溝１７のみ
と結合しスプライン２０がスプライン溝１８のみと係合
することで実現し、直結四輪駆動モードは、図２に示す
ように、スプライン１９が、スプライン溝１７とスプラ
イン溝１８との両方に同時に係合することで実現し、二
輪駆動モードは、図３に示すように、スプライン１９と
スプライン２０とが共にスプライン溝１７のみに係合す
ることで実現するようになっている。That is, the full-time four-wheel drive mode is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the spline 19 is connected only to the spline groove 17 and the spline 20 is engaged only to the spline groove 18. In the direct connection four-wheel drive mode, as shown in FIG. It is realized by engaging both the groove 17 and the spline groove 18 at the same time, and the two-wheel drive mode is realized by engaging both the spline 19 and the spline 20 only in the spline groove 17, as shown in FIG. It is supposed to do.
【００３２】なお、符号２３，２４は、それぞれフロン
ト軸１及びリア軸２を支持するベアリングであって、符
号２５は、アウタケース７とインナケース１４との間に
設けられたベアリング、符号２６は、フロント軸１とリ
ア軸２との相対回転を円滑にするためのベアリングであ
る。本発明の一実施例としての二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換
機構は、上述のように構成されているので、例えば図４
に示すような前輪駆動車を基にした四輪駆動車の駆動力
伝達系に本機構３６を適用すると、以下のように作用す
る。Reference numerals 23 and 24 are bearings for supporting the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2, respectively, reference numeral 25 is a bearing provided between the outer case 7 and the inner case 14, and reference numeral 26 is a bearing. A bearing for smoothing the relative rotation between the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2. Since the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism as one embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above, for example, FIG.
When the present mechanism 36 is applied to the driving force transmission system of a four-wheel drive vehicle based on a front-wheel drive vehicle as shown in FIG.
【００３３】つまり、フルタイム四輪駆動モードで走行
したい場合には、ドライバは、例えばシフトレバー等を
介してスリーブ１１を操作して、図１に示す位置にＶＣ
Ｕ３のケース１６を移動させる。これにより、フロント
軸１とインナケース１４とが一体に回転するようにな
り、リア軸２とアウタケース７とが一体に回転するよう
になる。That is, when the driver wants to travel in the full-time four-wheel drive mode, the driver operates the sleeve 11 via, for example, a shift lever or the like to move the VC to the position shown in FIG.
The case 16 of U3 is moved. As a result, the front shaft 1 and the inner case 14 rotate together, and the rear shaft 2 and the outer case 7 rotate together.
【００３４】そして、フロント軸１とリア軸２との間で
差回転が生じると、回転数差が小さいうちはＶＣＵ３に
よりこの差回転が吸収されるが、回転数差が大きくなる
とＶＣＵ３内の作動流体によりインナケース１４とアウ
タケース７とが一体に回転するようになって、エンジン
３０からトランスミッション３１及びトランスファー３
２を介してフロント軸１に伝達された回転駆動力が、リ
ア軸２に伝達されるようになり、フルタイム四輪駆動モ
ードが実現するのである。なお、図４に示す符号３３は
リアディファレンシャルギアである。When a differential rotation occurs between the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2, the differential rotation is absorbed by the VCU 3 while the rotational speed difference is small, but when the rotational speed difference becomes large, the operation in the VCU 3 is performed. The fluid causes the inner case 14 and the outer case 7 to rotate integrally, and the engine 30 to the transmission 31 and the transfer 3 are rotated.
The rotational driving force transmitted to the front shaft 1 via 2 is transmitted to the rear shaft 2, and the full-time four-wheel drive mode is realized. Reference numeral 33 shown in FIG. 4 is a rear differential gear.
【００３５】また、直結四輪駆動モードで走行したい場
合は、スリーブ１１を操作して、ケース１６を図１に示
す位置よりも右側、即ち、図２に示すような位置に移動
させる。これにより、インナケース１４の摺接面２１が
フロント軸１上を摺動して、スプライン１９がフロント
軸１及びリア軸２のスプライン溝１７，１８の両方に係
合する。したがって、これら２本のシャフト１，２がイ
ンナケース１４を介して一体に接続されて、１本の軸と
して回転し、フロント軸１とリア軸２との間の差回転を
許容しない直結四輪駆動モードが達成されるのである。When it is desired to drive in the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode, the sleeve 11 is operated to move the case 16 to the right of the position shown in FIG. 1, that is, to the position shown in FIG. As a result, the sliding contact surface 21 of the inner case 14 slides on the front shaft 1, and the spline 19 engages with both the spline grooves 17 and 18 of the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2. Therefore, these two shafts 1 and 2 are integrally connected via the inner case 14 and rotate as one shaft, and the direct-coupling four-wheel system that does not allow differential rotation between the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2. The drive mode is achieved.
【００３６】また、二輪駆動モードで走行したい場合
は、スリーブ１１を操作して、直結四輪駆動モードとは
逆に、ケース１６を図１に示す位置よりも左側、即ち、
図３に示すような位置に移動する。これにより、アウタ
ケース７の摺接面２２が摺動してリア軸２上からフロン
ト軸１上へ移動する。そして、この摺接面２２のスプラ
イン２０がリア軸２のスプライン溝１８から離脱してフ
ロント軸１のスプライン溝１７のみと係合する。When it is desired to travel in the two-wheel drive mode, the sleeve 11 is operated to reverse the case 16 to the left side of the position shown in FIG.
It moves to the position as shown in FIG. As a result, the sliding contact surface 22 of the outer case 7 slides and moves from the rear shaft 2 to the front shaft 1. The spline 20 of the sliding contact surface 22 is disengaged from the spline groove 18 of the rear shaft 2 and engages only with the spline groove 17 of the front shaft 1.
【００３７】これにより、フロント軸１とリア軸２との
駆動力伝達経路が完全に遮断され、図４に示すような駆
動力伝達系では前輪駆動の二輪駆動モードとなる。この
ように、本発明の二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構では、差
動制限機構３をケース１６ごと、シャフト１，２上を移
動させて駆動モードを切り換えることにより、従来のド
グクラッチ用の歯車及びスリーブが不要となり、部品点
数を削減することができる。また、歯車及びスリーブを
用いることなく構成することにより、小型化が可能にな
り重量やコストの低減を図ることができるのである。As a result, the drive force transmission path between the front shaft 1 and the rear shaft 2 is completely cut off, and the drive force transmission system as shown in FIG. 4 is in the two-wheel drive mode of front wheel drive. As described above, in the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism of the present invention, the differential limiting mechanism 3 is moved for each case 16 on the shafts 1 and 2 to switch the drive mode, thereby changing the conventional gears for dog clutches and A sleeve is not required, and the number of parts can be reduced. Further, by using the gears and the sleeve without using the sleeve, the size can be reduced, and the weight and the cost can be reduced.
【００３８】また、本機構３６は、極めてシンプルなメ
カニズムで構成されることにより、高い作動信頼性を得
ることもできる利点もある。なお、図５には、後輪駆動
車を基にした四輪駆動車に本機構を適用した場合を示し
ている。ここではトランスファー３２とフロントディフ
ァレンシャルギア３４との間に本機構３６Ａを設け、ト
ランスファー３２から前方に配設されたシャフトがリア
軸２に相当し、本機構３６Ａを介して前輪側に配設され
たシャフトがフロント軸１に相当する。Further, since the present mechanism 36 is constituted by an extremely simple mechanism, there is an advantage that high operation reliability can be obtained. Note that FIG. 5 shows a case where the present mechanism is applied to a four-wheel drive vehicle based on a rear-wheel drive vehicle. Here, the main mechanism 36A is provided between the transfer 32 and the front differential gear 34, and the shaft arranged in front of the transfer 32 corresponds to the rear shaft 2, and is arranged on the front wheel side via the main mechanism 36A. The shaft corresponds to the front shaft 1.
【００３９】この構成では、図４に示す前輪駆動ベース
の場合とは、インナケース１４のスプライン１９とアウ
タケース７のスプライン２０との位置関係が逆になる。
つまり、図５中のリア軸（エンジン駆動力の入力される
軸）２側にスプライン１９が、フロント軸１側にスプラ
イン２０が位置するようになる。したがって、このよう
な駆動力伝達系の車両では、二輪駆動モード時に後輪駆
動の車両となる。In this structure, the positional relationship between the spline 19 of the inner case 14 and the spline 20 of the outer case 7 is opposite to that of the front wheel drive base shown in FIG.
That is, the spline 19 is located on the side of the rear shaft (the shaft to which the engine driving force is input) 2 and the spline 20 is located on the side of the front shaft 1 in FIG. Therefore, a vehicle of such a driving force transmission system is a vehicle of rear wheel drive in the two-wheel drive mode.
【００４０】さらに、図６は、後輪駆動車を基にした四
輪駆動車に本機構を適用した場合の模式図であって、本
機構３６Ａはトランスファー３２内に設けられ、フロン
ト軸１，リア軸２に対するスプライン１９とスプライン
２０との位置関係は図５の場合と同様になっている。ま
た、この例ではトランスファー３２内にハイ・ローの車
速切換機構（副変速機）３５も設けられている。Further, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram when the present mechanism is applied to a four-wheel drive vehicle based on a rear wheel drive vehicle. The present mechanism 36A is provided in the transfer 32, and the front shaft 1, The positional relationship between the spline 19 and the spline 20 with respect to the rear shaft 2 is the same as in the case of FIG. Further, in this example, a high / low vehicle speed switching mechanism (auxiliary transmission) 35 is also provided in the transfer 32.
【００４１】そして、このように本機構３６Ａをトラン
スファー３２内に一体に組み込んで構成することによ
り、駆動部品の大型化を招くことなく二輪駆動モード，
フルタイム四輪駆動モード，直結四輪駆動モードの切り
換えを行なうことができる。なお、本実施例では、エン
ジンから直接駆動力が入力されるシャフト側にスプライ
ン１９が位置し、直接駆動力が入力されないシャフト側
にスプライン２０が位置するような構成を説明している
が、エンジンから直接駆動力が入力されるシャフト側に
スプライン２０が位置し、直接駆動力が入力されないシ
ャフト側にスプライン１９が位置するような構成として
も良い。In this way, by integrally incorporating the mechanism 36A into the transfer 32, the two-wheel drive mode can be realized without increasing the size of the drive parts.
It is possible to switch between full-time four-wheel drive mode and direct drive four-wheel drive mode. In the present embodiment, the spline 19 is located on the shaft side where the driving force is directly input from the engine, and the spline 20 is located on the shaft side where the driving force is not directly input. The spline 20 may be located on the shaft side to which the driving force is directly input, and the spline 19 may be located on the shaft side to which the driving force is not directly input.
【００４２】また、本実施例では、差動制限機構として
ＶＣＵ（ビスカスカップリングユニット）を用いて説明
しているが、この差動制限機構はＶＣＵのみに限られる
ものではなく、２軸間の差動を制限できるような機構で
あれば、他の機構、例えばＨＣＵ（ハイドロカップリン
グユニット）等を用いてもよい。また、本実施例では、
インナケース１４の内周部とフロント軸１の外周部と、
及び、アウタケース７の内周部とリア軸２の外周部と
が、いずれもスプライン結合されているが、これらの結
合構造は、スプライン構造に限られるものではなく、例
えば、セレーション構造を用いてもよい。Further, in this embodiment, a VCU (Viscous Coupling Unit) is used as the differential limiting mechanism, but the differential limiting mechanism is not limited to the VCU, but between the two axes. Other mechanism such as HCU (hydrocoupling unit) may be used as long as the mechanism can limit the differential. Further, in this embodiment,
An inner peripheral portion of the inner case 14 and an outer peripheral portion of the front shaft 1,
Also, the inner peripheral portion of the outer case 7 and the outer peripheral portion of the rear shaft 2 are both spline-coupled, but these coupling structures are not limited to the spline structure. For example, a serration structure may be used. Good.
【００４３】[0043]
【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、請求項１記載の本
発明の二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構によれば、駆動力が
前輪側駆動軸と後輪側駆動軸との何れか一方に直接伝達
されるとともに該前輪側駆動軸と該後輪側駆動軸との他
方に選択的に伝達される駆動力伝達機構にそなえられる
二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構において、該前輪側駆動軸
に結合されうる第１回転部材と、該第１回転部材に対し
て相対回転可能であって軸方向へ一体的に結合されると
ともに該後輪側駆動軸に結合されうる第２回転部材と、
これらの両回転部材の相対回転に応じて該両回転部材間
の差動を制限する差動制限機構とをそなえ、該前輪側駆
動軸と該後輪側駆動軸とが互いに同軸上に配設されると
共に該前輪側駆動軸と該後輪側駆動軸とのそれぞれに同
径の外周部が形成され、該第１回転部材及び該第２回転
部材に、該前輪側駆動軸及び該後輪側駆動軸の各外周部
に対して軸方向に摺動可能で且つ一体回転するように結
合しうる内周部がそれぞれ形成されて、該第１回転部材
及び該第２回転部材を軸方向に摺動させて、該第１回転
部材及び該第２回転部材の各内周部の該前輪側駆動軸及
び該後輪側駆動軸の各外周部に対する結合関係を切り換
える切換駆動手段が設けられるという構成により、従来
のドグクラッチ用の歯車及びスリーブが不要となり、部
品点数を削減することができる。また、歯車及びスリー
ブを用いることなく構成することにより、駆動力配分系
（駆動切換系）の小型化が可能になり重量やコストの低
減を図ることができるという利点がある。さらに、極め
てシンプルなメカニズムで構成されることにより、高い
作動信頼性を得ることもできる。As described above in detail, according to the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism of the present invention as set forth in claim 1, the driving force is either the front wheel side drive shaft or the rear wheel side drive shaft. A two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism provided with a drive force transmission mechanism that is directly transmitted to the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft, and is selectively transmitted to the other of the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft. A first rotary member that can be coupled to the first rotary member, and a second rotary member that can be relatively rotated with respect to the first rotary member and that is integrally coupled in the axial direction and that can be coupled to the rear wheel side drive shaft,
A differential limiting mechanism that limits the differential between the rotating members according to the relative rotation of the rotating members, and the front-wheel-side drive shaft and the rear-wheel-side drive shaft are arranged coaxially with each other. The front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft are formed with outer peripheral portions having the same diameter, and the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel are attached to the first rotating member and the second rotating member. Inner peripheral portions that are slidable in the axial direction and that can be coupled so as to rotate integrally are formed on the outer peripheral portions of the side drive shafts, respectively, and the first rotating member and the second rotating member are arranged in the axial direction. It is said that switching drive means is provided for slidingly switching the connection relationship between the inner peripheral portions of the first rotating member and the second rotating member to the outer peripheral portions of the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft. The configuration eliminates the need for conventional gears and sleeves for dog clutches, reducing the number of parts Door can be. Further, the configuration without using the gear and the sleeve has an advantage that the driving force distribution system (drive switching system) can be downsized, and the weight and the cost can be reduced. Further, by being constructed by an extremely simple mechanism, high operation reliability can be obtained.
【００４４】また、本機構をトランスファー内に組み込
むことにより、駆動部品を大型化することなく二輪駆動
モード，フルタイム四輪駆動モード，直結四輪駆動モー
ドの切り換えを行なうことができるようになる。また、
部品点数を削減して小型化を図ることができるという利
点がある。また、請求項２記載の本発明の二輪駆動・四
輪駆動切換機構によれば、上記請求項１記載の構成に加
えて、該第１回転部材及び該第２回転部材の各内周部の
該前輪側駆動軸及び該後輪側駆動軸の各外周部に対する
該結合関係が、該第１回転部材の内周部が該前輪側駆動
軸の外周部のみに結合され該第２回転部材の内周部が該
後輪側駆動軸の外周部のみに結合される差動制限式四輪
駆動モードと、該第１回転部材の内周部と該第２回転部
材の内周部とのいずれか一方が該前輪側駆動軸の外周部
と該後輪側駆動軸の外周部との両方に結合される直結四
輪駆動モードと、該第１回転部材の内周部と該第２回転
部材の内周部との両方が該前輪側駆動軸の外周部と該後
輪側駆動軸の外周部とのいずれか一方のみに結合される
二輪駆動モードとの３つのモードをそなえるという構成
により、駆動力配分状態を簡単に切り換えることができ
るようになるという利点がある。Further, by incorporating this mechanism in the transfer, it becomes possible to switch between the two-wheel drive mode, the full-time four-wheel drive mode, and the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode without increasing the size of the drive parts. Also,
There is an advantage that the number of parts can be reduced and the size can be reduced. Further, according to the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism of the present invention described in claim 2, in addition to the configuration described in claim 1, the inner peripheral portions of the first rotary member and the second rotary member are The coupling relationship between the outer peripheral portions of the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft is such that the inner peripheral portion of the first rotary member is coupled only to the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft. Any of the differential limited four-wheel drive mode in which the inner peripheral portion is coupled only to the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft, and the inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member and the inner peripheral portion of the second rotating member. A direct-coupling four-wheel drive mode in which one of them is coupled to both the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft and the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft, and the inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member and the second rotating member. Both of the inner peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft and the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft are connected to only one of the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft and the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft. The configuration that provided with a de, there is an advantage that so the driving force distribution state can easily be switched.
【００４５】また、請求項３記載の本発明の二輪駆動・
四輪駆動切換機構によれば、上記請求項１又は２記載の
構成に加えて、該第１回転部材の内周部と該前輪側駆動
軸の外周部と、及び、該第２回転部材の内周部と該後輪
側駆動軸の外周部とが、いずれもスプライン結合される
という構成により、簡単且つ低コストで確実に駆動力の
切り換えを行なうことができる。Further, the two-wheel drive of the present invention according to claim 3
According to the four-wheel drive switching mechanism, in addition to the configuration according to claim 1 or 2, the inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member, the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft, and the second rotating member. With the configuration in which the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft are both spline-coupled, it is possible to reliably and reliably switch the driving force at low cost.
【００４６】また、請求項４記載の本発明の二輪駆動・
四輪駆動切換機構によれば、上記請求項１又は２記載の
構成に加えて、該差動制限機構が、ビスカスカップリン
グユニットであるという構成により、低コストで比較的
簡単に本発明を実現することができる。Further, the two-wheel drive according to the present invention according to claim 4
According to the four-wheel drive switching mechanism, in addition to the configuration according to claim 1 or 2, the differential limiting mechanism is a viscous coupling unit, so that the present invention can be realized relatively easily at low cost. can do.
【図１】本発明の一実施例としての二輪駆動・四輪駆動
切換機構の要部構成を示す模式的な断面図であって、差
動制限式四輪駆動モードを示す模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism as one embodiment of the present invention, which is a schematic diagram showing a differential limited four-wheel drive mode.
【図２】本発明の一実施例としての二輪駆動・四輪駆動
切換機構の要部構成を示す模式的な断面図であって、直
結四輪駆動モードを示す模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main-part configuration of a two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism as one embodiment of the present invention, showing a direct-connection four-wheel drive mode.
【図３】本発明の一実施例としての二輪駆動・四輪駆動
切換機構の要部構成を示す模式的な断面図であって、二
輪駆動モードを示す図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main-part configuration of a two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism as one embodiment of the present invention, showing a two-wheel drive mode.
【図４】本発明の一実施例としての二輪駆動・四輪駆動
切換機構を搭載した車両の駆動力伝達系の模式図であっ
て、前輪駆動車を基にした四輪駆動車に本機構を適用し
た場合の駆動力伝達系の模式図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a driving force transmission system of a vehicle equipped with a two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism as an embodiment of the present invention, which is a four-wheel drive vehicle based on a front-wheel drive vehicle. It is a schematic diagram of a driving force transmission system when is applied.
【図５】本発明の一実施例としての二輪駆動・四輪駆動
切換機構を搭載した車両の駆動力伝達系の模式図であっ
て、後輪駆動車を基にした四輪駆動車に本機構を適用し
た場合の駆動力伝達系の模式図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a driving force transmission system of a vehicle equipped with a two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism as one embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to a four-wheel drive vehicle based on a rear-wheel drive vehicle. It is a schematic diagram of a driving force transmission system when a mechanism is applied.
【図６】本発明の一実施例としての二輪駆動・四輪駆動
切換機構を搭載した車両の駆動力伝達系の模式図であっ
て、ハイ・ローの変速段をそなえた四輪駆動車に本機構
を適用した場合の駆動力伝達系の模式図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a driving force transmission system of a vehicle equipped with a two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, for a four-wheel drive vehicle having high / low shift speeds. It is a schematic diagram of a driving force transmission system when this mechanism is applied.
【図７】従来の二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構の一例を示
す模式的な構成図である。FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism.
【図８】従来の二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構の他の例を
示す模式的な断面図である。FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of a conventional two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism.
１ 前輪側駆動軸（フロント軸） ２ 後輪側駆動軸（リア軸） ３ 差動制限機構としてのビスカスカップリングユニッ
ト（ＶＣＵ） ４ アウタプレート ５ インナプレート ６ 中間軸 ７ 第２回転部材（アウタケース） ８，９，１０ ドグクラッチ用歯車 １１ 切換駆動手段（スリーブ） １３ デフキャリア １４ 第１回転部材（インナケース） １５ ケーシング １６ 差動制限機構のケース １７，１８ スプライン溝 １９，２０ スプライン ２１，２２ 摺接面 ２３〜２６ ベアリング ２７ 歯車 ３０ エンジン ３１ トランスミッション ３２ トランスファー ３３ リアディファレンシャルギア ３４ フロントディファレンシャルギア ３５ ハイ・ロー切換機構（副変速機） ３６，３６Ａ 本機構1 Front Wheel Drive Shaft (Front Shaft) 2 Rear Wheel Drive Shaft (Rear Shaft) 3 Viscous Coupling Unit (VCU) 4 as a Differential Limiting Mechanism 4 Outer Plate 5 Inner Plate 6 Intermediate Shaft 7 Second Rotating Member (Outer Case) ) 8, 9, 10 Dog clutch gear 11 Switching drive means (sleeve) 13 Differential carrier 14 First rotating member (inner case) 15 Casing 16 Case of differential limiting mechanism 17,18 Spline groove 19,20 Spline 21,22 Sliding Contact surface 23 to 26 Bearing 27 Gear 30 Engine 31 Transmission 32 Transfer 33 Rear differential gear 34 Front differential gear 35 High / low switching mechanism (auxiliary transmission) 36, 36A This mechanism
Claims (4)
の何れか一方に直接伝達されるとともに該前輪側駆動軸
と該後輪側駆動軸との他方に選択的に伝達される駆動力
伝達機構にそなえられる二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構に
おいて、 該前輪側駆動軸に結合されうる第１回転部材と、該第１
回転部材に対して相対回転可能であって軸方向へ一体的
に結合されるとともに該後輪側駆動軸に結合されうる第
２回転部材と、これらの両回転部材の相対回転に応じて
該両回転部材間の差動を制限する差動制限機構とをそな
え、 該前輪側駆動軸と該後輪側駆動軸とが互いに同軸上に配
設されると共に該前輪側駆動軸と該後輪側駆動軸とのそ
れぞれに同径の外周部が形成され、 該第１回転部材及び該第２回転部材に、該前輪側駆動軸
及び該後輪側駆動軸の各外周部に対して軸方向に摺動可
能で且つ一体回転するように結合しうる内周部がそれぞ
れ形成されて、 該第１回転部材及び該第２回転部材を軸方向に摺動させ
て、該第１回転部材及び該第２回転部材の各内周部の該
前輪側駆動軸及び該後輪側駆動軸の各外周部に対する結
合関係を切り換える切換駆動手段が設けられていること
を特徴とする、二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構。1. A driving force is directly transmitted to either one of a front wheel side drive shaft and a rear wheel side drive shaft and selectively transmitted to the other of the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft. A two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism provided with a driving force transmission mechanism, and a first rotating member that can be coupled to the front-wheel-side drive shaft;
A second rotating member that is rotatable relative to the rotating member and that is integrally coupled in the axial direction and that is capable of being coupled to the rear-wheel-side drive shaft, and both the rotating members according to the relative rotation of these rotating members. A differential limiting mechanism for limiting the differential between rotating members, wherein the front-wheel-side drive shaft and the rear-wheel-side drive shaft are arranged coaxially with each other and the front-wheel-side drive shaft and the rear-wheel-side drive shaft are provided. An outer peripheral portion having the same diameter is formed on each of the drive shafts, and the first rotating member and the second rotating member are axially arranged with respect to respective outer peripheral portions of the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft. Inner peripheral portions that are slidable and that can be integrally rotated are formed, and the first rotating member and the second rotating member are slid in the axial direction, and the first rotating member and the first rotating member are formed. (2) Switch the connection relationship between each inner peripheral portion of the rotary member and each outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft. That wherein the switching drive means are provided, two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive switching mechanism.
内周部の該前輪側駆動軸及び該後輪側駆動軸の各外周部
に対する該結合関係が、 該第１回転部材の内周部が該前輪側駆動軸の外周部のみ
に結合され該第２回転部材の内周部が該後輪側駆動軸の
外周部のみに結合される差動制限式四輪駆動モードと、 該第１回転部材の内周部と該第２回転部材の内周部との
いずれか一方が該前輪側駆動軸の外周部と該後輪側駆動
軸の外周部との両方に結合される直結四輪駆動モード
と、 該第１回転部材の内周部と該第２回転部材の内周部との
両方が該前輪側駆動軸の外周部と該後輪側駆動軸の外周
部とのいずれか一方のみに結合される二輪駆動モードと
の３つのモードをそなえていることを特徴とする、請求
項１記載の二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構。2. The coupling relationship between the inner peripheral portions of the first rotating member and the second rotating member with respect to the outer peripheral portions of the front wheel side drive shaft and the rear wheel side drive shaft is the same as that of the first rotating member. A differential limited four-wheel drive mode in which the inner peripheral portion is coupled only to the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft, and the inner peripheral portion of the second rotating member is coupled only to the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft; One of the inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member and the inner peripheral portion of the second rotating member is coupled to both the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft and the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft. In the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode, both the inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member and the inner peripheral portion of the second rotating member are connected to the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft and the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft. The two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism is provided with three modes including a two-wheel drive mode in which only one of them is coupled.
軸の外周部と、及び、該第２回転部材の内周部と該後輪
側駆動軸の外周部とが、いずれもスプライン結合されて
いることを特徴とする、請求項１又は２記載の二輪駆動
・四輪駆動切換機構。3. The inner peripheral portion of the first rotating member and the outer peripheral portion of the front wheel side drive shaft, and the inner peripheral portion of the second rotating member and the outer peripheral portion of the rear wheel side drive shaft are both The two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism is also spline-connected.
グユニットであることを特徴とする、請求項１又は２記
載の二輪駆動・四輪駆動切換機構。4. The two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive switching mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the differential limiting mechanism is a viscous coupling unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8162494A JPH07293602A (en) | 1994-04-20 | 1994-04-20 | Two-wheel and four-wheel drive switching mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8162494A JPH07293602A (en) | 1994-04-20 | 1994-04-20 | Two-wheel and four-wheel drive switching mechanism |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07293602A true JPH07293602A (en) | 1995-11-07 |
Family
ID=13751493
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8162494A Withdrawn JPH07293602A (en) | 1994-04-20 | 1994-04-20 | Two-wheel and four-wheel drive switching mechanism |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07293602A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013519846A (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2013-05-30 | マグナ パワートレイン アーゲー ウント コ カーゲー | Connecting device |
-
1994
- 1994-04-20 JP JP8162494A patent/JPH07293602A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013519846A (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2013-05-30 | マグナ パワートレイン アーゲー ウント コ カーゲー | Connecting device |
| US9022192B2 (en) | 2010-02-12 | 2015-05-05 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg | Coupling assembly |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20010703 |