JPH07290914A - Assembly of pneumatic tire with rim - Google Patents
Assembly of pneumatic tire with rimInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07290914A JPH07290914A JP6114340A JP11434094A JPH07290914A JP H07290914 A JPH07290914 A JP H07290914A JP 6114340 A JP6114340 A JP 6114340A JP 11434094 A JP11434094 A JP 11434094A JP H07290914 A JPH07290914 A JP H07290914A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tire
- rim
- gas
- internal pressure
- interior cavity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Tires In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、氷雪路の走行性能とオ
ンロードの走行性能との両立を図りうる空気入りタイヤ
とリムの組立体に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an assembly of a pneumatic tire and a rim capable of achieving both traveling performance on ice and snow roads and traveling performance on road.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】氷、雪
路面を走行する際に、タイヤの内圧を低下させることに
より接地面積を増大させグリップ力を高めることが知ら
れており、氷雪路の走行を目的とするタイヤにあって
は、低内圧で使用することが前提となっている。2. Description of the Related Art When traveling on ice or snowy roads, it is known to reduce the internal pressure of tires to increase the ground contact area and enhance the grip force. Tires intended for running are premised to be used at low internal pressure.
【０００３】このような低内圧のタイヤを、冬期以外の
時期にドライ路面で高速走行させた場合には、低内圧の
ままでは操縦安定性に劣り、しかも走行時においてタイ
ヤ各部の歪が大きくサイドウォール部にカットが生じる
などタイヤの構造的な欠陥が多発することになる。When such a tire having a low internal pressure is run at a high speed on a dry road surface in a period other than the winter season, the steering stability is inferior when the internal pressure remains low, and moreover, the distortion of each part of the tire is large during the running. This often causes structural defects in the tire such as cuts in the wall.
【０００４】前記問題点の一端を解決すべく、タイヤの
内腔に直結し、その内圧を制御すく内圧コントロールシ
ステムが開発されているが、このものは構造が複雑かつ
高価であるため普及されてはいない。In order to solve one of the above problems, an internal pressure control system has been developed which is directly connected to the inner cavity of a tire and controls the internal pressure of the inner cavity. However, this system is widely used because of its complicated structure and high cost. There isn't.
【０００５】本発明は、タイヤ内腔にその内腔に装填さ
れる気体を吸入しかつ排出しうる吸着剤を装填すること
を基本として、気温の変動に応じて内圧を変化させるこ
とが出来、前記問題点を解決しうる空気入りタイヤとリ
ムとの組立体の提供を目的としている。The present invention is based on the fact that the tire inner cavity is loaded with an adsorbent capable of inhaling and discharging the gas loaded in the inner cavity, and the inner pressure can be changed according to the fluctuation of the temperature, It is an object of the present invention to provide an assembly of a pneumatic tire and a rim that can solve the above problems.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、リム組みされ
た空気入りタイヤの内腔に、気温の低下とともに前記内
腔内の気体を吸収しかつ気温の上昇とともに放出する固
形の吸着剤を装填してなる空気入りタイヤとリムとの組
立体である。According to the present invention, a solid adsorbent that absorbs gas in the inner cavity as the temperature decreases and releases it as the temperature rises is provided in the inner cavity of a pneumatic tire having a rim. It is an assembly of a pneumatic tire and a rim to be loaded.
【０００７】又、前記気体は、吸着剤が吸収しかつ放出
しうる無機又は有機のガスであることが好ましい。Further, the gas is preferably an inorganic or organic gas which can be absorbed and released by the adsorbent.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】固形吸着剤は、有機系の吸着剤として例えば活
性炭、又無機系の吸着剤として例えばシリカゲル（Ｓｉ
Ｏ2 ・ｎＨ2 Ｏ）が好適に採用される。The solid adsorbent is, for example, activated carbon as an organic adsorbent, or silica gel (Si) as an inorganic adsorbent.
O 2 · nH 2 O) is preferably adopted.
【０００９】これらの固形吸着剤は、何れも多孔質であ
り、低温時には、タイヤ内腔中の気体を吸収し、この吸
収によってタイヤ内圧が低下する。又、気温が上昇する
ことによって、前記固形吸着剤中に吸入した気体を放出
しタイヤ内圧が上昇する。Each of these solid adsorbents is porous and absorbs gas in the tire cavity at low temperatures, and this absorption reduces the tire internal pressure. Further, as the temperature rises, the gas sucked into the solid adsorbent is released and the tire internal pressure rises.
【００１０】空気入りタイヤにおいては、降雪時、又は
氷雪路上を走行することにより、気温が低下し、内腔内
の気体が吸着剤に吸収されその圧力（内圧）が低下す
る。これにより走行時における接地面積が増し、特に冬
期において氷雪路面走行する際にグリップ力、制動力が
高まり氷雪性能を高めることが出来る。他方、ドライ路
面においては、比較的高速で走行することによってタイ
ヤは摩擦熱により昇温し、その温度上昇とともに、吸着
剤に貯える気体が放出し内圧が高まり、走行安定性が向
上し、安定した高速走行をなしうる。さらに夏期等大気
の温度が常温よりも大となった場合には、吸着剤から多
量の気体が放出され内圧が高まることによって、タイヤ
の縦バネ定数が高くなり、その結果より高い走行安定性
を保持でき一層の高速走行が可能となる。In a pneumatic tire, when snow falls or when it runs on a snowy road, the temperature drops, and the gas in the inner cavity is absorbed by the adsorbent to lower its pressure (internal pressure). As a result, the ground contact area during traveling is increased, and especially when traveling on an ice / snow road surface in winter, grip power and braking force are increased, and ice / snow performance can be enhanced. On the other hand, on a dry road surface, the tire heats up due to frictional heat by traveling at a relatively high speed, and as the temperature rises, the gas stored in the adsorbent is released and the internal pressure increases, improving the running stability and stabilizing. Can drive at high speed. Furthermore, when the temperature of the atmosphere becomes higher than room temperature, such as in summer, a large amount of gas is released from the adsorbent and the internal pressure increases, which increases the vertical spring constant of the tire, resulting in higher running stability. It can be held, and higher speed running becomes possible.
【００１１】このように内腔に前記構成の吸着剤を装填
することにより、タイヤは気温に適した走行状態を保持
でき氷雪路性能とオンロード性能とを両立しうるのであ
る。By thus loading the adsorbent having the above-mentioned structure in the inner cavity, the tire can maintain a running condition suitable for the temperature, and both the snow and snow road performance and the on-road performance can be achieved.
【００１２】なお内腔に充填させる気体は、前記吸着材
が効果的に吸収、放出するようなガス、例えばメタン、
エタン等の有機ガス、及び窒素等の無機ガスであれば内
圧の変動差が一層大になる。The gas to be filled in the lumen is a gas that can be effectively absorbed and released by the adsorbent, such as methane.
If the organic gas such as ethane and the inorganic gas such as nitrogen are used, the difference in fluctuation of the internal pressure becomes larger.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】以下本発明の一実施例を図面に基づき説明す
る。空気入りタイヤとリムの組立体１は、空気入りタイ
ヤ２と、その空気入りタイヤ２が嵌着するリム３と、前
記空気入りタイヤ２及びリム３が形成する内腔４に装填
される吸着剤４とからなる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The pneumatic tire and rim assembly 1 includes a pneumatic tire 2, a rim 3 into which the pneumatic tire 2 is fitted, and an adsorbent loaded in the pneumatic tire 2 and a lumen 4 formed by the rim 3. 4 and.
【００１４】空気入りタイヤ２は、トレッド部１２とそ
の両端から半径方向内方にのびる１対のサイドウォール
部１３、１３と、該サイドウォール部１３の半径方向内
方にのびかつリム３のビードベース１９に嵌着するビー
ド底面１４ａを有するビード部とを有する。The pneumatic tire 2 includes a tread portion 12, a pair of sidewall portions 13 and 13 extending radially inward from both ends thereof, and a bead of a rim 3 extending radially inward of the sidewall portion 13. And a bead portion having a bead bottom surface 14a fitted to the base 19.
【００１５】従って空気入りタイヤとリムとの組立体１
には前記トレッド部１２、サイドウォール部１３、ビー
ド部１４及びリム３によって囲まれかつ気密性を具えた
前記内腔４が形成される。Therefore, a pneumatic tire and rim assembly 1
The inner cavity 4 surrounded by the tread portion 12, the sidewall portion 13, the bead portion 14 and the rim 3 and having airtightness is formed therein.
【００１６】又、空気入りタイヤ２は、トレッド部１２
からサイドウォール部１３をへてビード部１４のビード
コア１５の回りをタイヤ軸方向内側から外側に巻き上げ
られて係止されるラジアル配列の１枚のカーカスプライ
からなるカーカス１６と、トレッド部１２の内方かつカ
ーカス１６の半径方向外側に配されるベルト層１７とを
具える。又ビードコア１５、１５間をのびるカーカス１
６の本体部とその両端の巻返し部との間には、ビードコ
ア１５からタイヤ半径方向外側にのびるビードエーペッ
クス１８が配置され、ビード部１２の形状及び剛性を保
持している。The pneumatic tire 2 has a tread portion 12
From the side wall portion 13 to the bead core 15 of the bead portion 14 is wound up from the inner side in the tire axial direction to the outer side, and the carcass 16 is composed of one carcass ply of a radial arrangement and locked, and the inside of the tread portion 12. And the belt layer 17 disposed on the outer side in the radial direction of the carcass 16. Also, the carcass 1 extending between the bead cores 15 and 15.
A bead apex 18 extending from the bead core 15 to the outer side in the tire radial direction is arranged between the body portion of 6 and the winding portions at both ends thereof, and retains the shape and rigidity of the bead portion 12.
【００１７】前記ベルト層１７は、スチール、芳香族ポ
リアミドなどの引張剛性の高いコードを用いた複数のプ
ライを、各プライ間でコードが交差するように、タイヤ
周方向に対し、本実施例では、１５〜３０°の比較的小
さい角度で配列することにより形成されている。又カー
カス１６は、乗用車用タイヤであるとき、通常ナイロ
ン、レーヨン、ポリエステルなどの有機繊維コードを用
いうる。The belt layer 17 comprises a plurality of plies using cords having high tensile rigidity, such as steel and aromatic polyamide, in the tire circumferential direction in the present embodiment so that the cords cross each other. It is formed by arranging at a relatively small angle of 15 to 30 °. When the carcass 16 is a tire for passenger cars, organic fiber cords such as nylon, rayon, polyester, etc. can be used.
【００１８】リム３は、タイヤ軸方向に対設される一対
のビードベース１９、１９間を筒状のリング片２１で接
続しており又ビードベース１９のタイヤ軸方向外端には
リムフランジ２２を立上げる。The rim 3 connects a pair of bead bases 19, 19 which are arranged in the tire axial direction to each other with a cylindrical ring piece 21. The rim flange 22 is provided at the outer end of the bead base 19 in the axial direction of the tire. Start up.
【００１９】吸着材５は、本実施例では粒状固形の活性
炭５Ａであり、飛散を防止するため、中空環状に形成さ
れかつ通気性を有し、かつ強靭な布又は金属を用いて形
成された容器体６内に収容される。この容器体６は、本
実施例では、その半径方向内面にゴム等伸縮可能な弾性
部材７が巻装される。従って吸着材５を収容した容器体
６は、リム３の前記リング片２２の外周面に沿って配設
されかつ該リム３に取付けられる。In this embodiment, the adsorbent 5 is granular solid activated carbon 5A, which is formed of a hollow annular member having air permeability and a strong cloth or metal to prevent scattering. It is accommodated in the container body 6. In this embodiment, the container body 6 has an elastic member 7 such as rubber that is stretchable and wound around the inner surface in the radial direction. Therefore, the container body 6 accommodating the adsorbent 5 is arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the ring piece 22 of the rim 3 and attached to the rim 3.
【００２０】前記活性炭５Ａは、大きな比表面積と吸着
能力とを有する多孔質の炭素物質であり、木炭等を十分
に炭化したのに水蒸気による高温処理と、高温焼成など
を施すことによって製造される。その形態は表１に示す
範囲であることが好ましい。なお活性炭５Ａに代えてシ
リカゲル（ＳｉＯ2 ・ｎＨ2 Ｏ）などの無機吸着剤を用
いることが出来る。The activated carbon 5A is a porous carbon material having a large specific surface area and adsorption capacity, and is produced by subjecting charcoal or the like to a high temperature treatment with steam and high temperature calcination, even though it has been sufficiently carbonized. . The form is preferably within the range shown in Table 1. An inorganic adsorbent such as silica gel (SiO 2 · nH 2 O) can be used instead of the activated carbon 5A.
【００２１】前記吸着材５は、活性炭５Ａを用いた場合
において、タイヤサイズが２６５／７０Ｒ１５のタイヤ
であり、その内腔容積が０．０５ｍ3 に対して活性炭を
１００ｇ以上かつ３kg以下の範囲で装填される。１００
ｇ未満では、内圧の変化が少なく効果がなく、又３kgを
こえるとタイヤ重量が大となり走行諸性能に影響を及ぼ
すからである。[0021] The adsorbing material 5, in the case of using activated carbon 5A, a tire having a tire size is 265 / 70R15, in the inner space volume in the range of activated carbon and not more than 3kg less 100g against 0.05 m 3 Is loaded. 100
This is because if it is less than g, the change in internal pressure is small and it is not effective, and if it exceeds 3 kg, the tire weight becomes large and various running performance is affected.
【００２２】内腔４に充填されるガスとしては、空気の
他、メタン（ＣＨ4 ）、エタン（Ｃ2 Ｈ6 ）、窒素（Ｎ
2 ）等のガス、又はこれらのガスと空気とを混和して用
いることが出来る。前記メタン、エタン、窒素の各ガス
は、吸着剤に吸着されやすい性質を有し、内圧を一層効
果的に変動させるからである。なお前記ガス以外に吸着
剤に吸着されやすい有機又は無機ガスを用いることが出
来る。As the gas filled in the lumen 4, in addition to air, methane (CH 4 ), ethane (C 2 H 6 ), nitrogen (N
It is possible to use gases such as 2 ) or a mixture of these gases and air. This is because each of the methane, ethane, and nitrogen gases has a property of being easily adsorbed by the adsorbent and changes the internal pressure more effectively. In addition to the above gases, an organic or inorganic gas that is easily adsorbed by the adsorbent can be used.
【００２３】[0023]
１）テストＡ タイヤサイズが２６５／７０Ｒ１５のタイヤについて、
吸着材の装填量及び内腔への封入ガスの種類を違えるこ
とによって、気温と内圧の変化の関係を調査した。1) Test A For tires with a tire size of 265 / 70R15,
The relationship between changes in temperature and internal pressure was investigated by varying the adsorbent loading and the type of gas enclosed in the lumen.
【００２４】図２は、吸着剤として活性炭を１kg装填
し、内腔への封入ガスの種類を違えた場合の結果を示
す。テストの結果、メタン、エタンガスを封入すること
によって空気１００％の場合に比べて気温差の変動によ
り内圧の変化が大きいことが確認できた。FIG. 2 shows the results when 1 kg of activated carbon was loaded as an adsorbent and the kind of gas enclosed in the lumen was changed. As a result of the test, it was confirmed that by enclosing methane and ethane gas, the change in the internal pressure was larger due to the change in temperature difference than in the case of 100% air.
【００２５】図３は、内腔にメタンガスを１００％封入
した場合において活性炭量と内圧の変化との関係を示
す。活性炭の量が多いほど内圧の変化が大きく生じるこ
とを示している。FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the amount of activated carbon and the change in internal pressure when 100% of methane gas is enclosed in the lumen. It shows that the greater the amount of activated carbon, the greater the change in internal pressure.
【００２６】図４は、活性炭を１kg装填し、内腔への封
入されるメタンガスの混合比率を変化させた場合の気温
差による内圧の変動の関係を示す。メタンガスの混合比
率が高いほど内圧の変化が大きいことが確認出来た。FIG. 4 shows the relationship of the fluctuation of the internal pressure due to the temperature difference when 1 kg of activated carbon was loaded and the mixing ratio of the methane gas sealed in the lumen was changed. It was confirmed that the higher the mixing ratio of methane gas, the greater the change in internal pressure.
【００２７】前記テストの結果、吸着剤の装填量が多い
ほど、又内腔に封入されるガスが吸着性の高いガスほ
ど、しかもそのガスの混合比率が高いほどタイヤの内圧
変動を大きくしうることが判明した。さらに、内腔に吸
着剤を装填しかつ吸着性の高いガスを封入することによ
って吸着剤を装填しない従来のタイヤに比して略２倍以
上のタイヤ内圧変動を得ることが出来ることが確認出来
た。As a result of the above-mentioned test, the larger the adsorbent loading amount, the higher the adsorbability of the gas filled in the inner cavity, and the higher the mixing ratio of the gases, the greater the fluctuation of the tire internal pressure. It has been found. Furthermore, it has been confirmed that by filling the inner cavity with an adsorbent and encapsulating a highly adsorbent gas, it is possible to obtain a tire internal pressure fluctuation that is approximately two times or more that of a conventional tire not loaded with an adsorbent. It was
【００２８】２）テストＢ 前述のテストＡと同サイズのタイヤについて、吸着剤と
して活性炭を用い、かつ内腔への充填ガスの種類及び混
合比率を違えて実車により走行性能のテストを行った。
なお従来のタイヤについても併せてテストを行い性能の
比較を行った。テスト方法は次の通り。2) Test B With respect to the tire having the same size as that of the test A, the running performance was tested with an actual vehicle using activated carbon as an adsorbent and different kinds and mixing ratios of gas filling the lumen.
The conventional tires were also tested and their performances were compared. The test method is as follows.
【００２９】１）氷上制動性 氷盤によって形成された試験路上を３０km／Ｈの速度で
走行させるとともに４輪ロックにて急ブレーキをかけ、
車が停車するまでの制動距離を測定し、その逆数値を比
較例１、１１、２１をそれぞれ１００とする指数で表示
した。数値が大きいほど良好である。1) Braking property on ice While running on a test road formed by an ice disk at a speed of 30 km / H, a four-wheel lock is applied to brake suddenly.
The braking distance until the car stopped was measured, and the reciprocal value thereof was displayed as an index with Comparative Examples 1, 11, and 21 being 100, respectively. The larger the value, the better.
【００３０】２）雪上走行性、路上走行安定性及び路上
乗心地 ドライバーのフィーリングにより判定するとともに、比
較例１、１１、２１をそれぞれ１００とする指数で表示
した。数値が大きいほど良好である。テスト結果を表２
に示す。2) Snow Running Performance, Road Running Stability, and Road Ride Comfort Judgment was made based on the driver's feeling, and Comparative Examples 1, 11, and 21 were displayed as indices with 100 as each. The larger the value, the better. Table 2 shows the test results
Shown in.
【００３１】[0031]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００３２】テストの結果、実施例のものは比較例のも
のに比して路上性能を略保持しつつ氷雪路走行性能を高
めることが出来た。As a result of the test, it was possible to improve the running performance on the snowy and snowy roads while substantially maintaining the road performance in the example as compared with the comparative example.
【００３３】[0033]
【発明の効果】叙上の如く本発明の空気入りタイヤとリ
ムとの組立体は、タイヤの内腔に固形の吸着剤を装填す
ることを要旨としており、これによって、気温の低下と
ともに内圧が減じ氷雪路における走行性能が高まり、か
つ気温の上昇時には内圧が高まり路上での走行性能が向
上することによって、氷雪上走行性能とオンロード走行
性能との両立を図り、全気候、全天型用のタイヤとし
て、しかも経済的に提供することができる。As described above, the pneumatic tire and rim assembly of the present invention is characterized by loading a solid adsorbent into the inner cavity of the tire, which reduces the internal pressure as the temperature decreases. By improving the running performance on ice and snow roads, and increasing the internal pressure when the temperature rises to improve the running performance on the road, both ice and snow running performance and on-road running performance are achieved, and it is suitable for all climates and all sky models. The tire can be provided economically.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】気温と内圧との関係を充填ガスの相違によって
示すグラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the air temperature and the internal pressure by the difference in the filling gas.
【図３】気温と内圧との関係を活性炭の装填量の相違に
よって示すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between air temperature and internal pressure by the difference in the loading of activated carbon.
【図４】気温と内圧との関係を装填ガスの混合比によっ
て示すグラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between air temperature and internal pressure by the mixing ratio of the charging gas.
２ 空気入りタイヤ ３ リム ４ 内腔 ５ 吸着剤 2 Pneumatic tire 3 Rim 4 Lumen 5 Adsorbent
【表１】 [Table 1]
Claims (2)
気温の低下とともに前記内腔内の気体を吸収しかつ気温
の上昇とともに放出する固形の吸着剤を装填してなる空
気入りタイヤとリムとの組立体。1. An inner cavity of a pneumatic tire having a rim assembled,
An assembly of a pneumatic tire and a rim, which is loaded with a solid adsorbent that absorbs gas in the inner cavity as the temperature drops and releases as the temperature rises.
しうる有機又は無機のガスからなることを特徴とする請
求項１記載の空気入りタイヤとリムとの組立体。2. The pneumatic tire / rim assembly according to claim 1, wherein the gas comprises an organic or inorganic gas that can be absorbed and released by the adsorbent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6114340A JPH07290914A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Assembly of pneumatic tire with rim |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6114340A JPH07290914A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Assembly of pneumatic tire with rim |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07290914A true JPH07290914A (en) | 1995-11-07 |
Family
ID=14635330
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6114340A Pending JPH07290914A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Assembly of pneumatic tire with rim |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07290914A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006103606A (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-20 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Pneumatic tire |
| US7793694B2 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2010-09-14 | Bridgestone Corporation | Safety tire and hollow ring body |
| JP2013541682A (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2013-11-14 | カーボン エア リミテッド | Air spring |
| JP2019059168A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-18 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Rim for PCI |
| US10343478B2 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2019-07-09 | Carbon Air Limited | Transfer method and apparatus |
| US20210146724A1 (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2021-05-20 | Audi Ag | Wheel for a motor vehicle |
-
1994
- 1994-04-28 JP JP6114340A patent/JPH07290914A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006103606A (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-20 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Pneumatic tire |
| JP4561292B2 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2010-10-13 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
| US7793694B2 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2010-09-14 | Bridgestone Corporation | Safety tire and hollow ring body |
| JP2013541682A (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2013-11-14 | カーボン エア リミテッド | Air spring |
| JP2017020658A (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2017-01-26 | カーボン エア リミテッドＣａｒｂｏｎ Ａｉｒ Ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ | Air spring |
| US9784330B2 (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2017-10-10 | Carbon Air Limited | Air spring |
| US10533621B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2020-01-14 | Carbon Air Limited | Gas strut air spring |
| US10343478B2 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2019-07-09 | Carbon Air Limited | Transfer method and apparatus |
| JP2019059168A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-18 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Rim for PCI |
| US20210146724A1 (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2021-05-20 | Audi Ag | Wheel for a motor vehicle |
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