JPH07277152A - Mirror with heater - Google Patents
Mirror with heaterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07277152A JPH07277152A JP6095813A JP9581394A JPH07277152A JP H07277152 A JPH07277152 A JP H07277152A JP 6095813 A JP6095813 A JP 6095813A JP 9581394 A JP9581394 A JP 9581394A JP H07277152 A JPH07277152 A JP H07277152A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mirror
- heating
- film
- electrode
- heater
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、浴室の鏡や、車両用ド
アミラー等に好適に用いられる、防曇用又はミラーの表
面に付着した水滴、雨滴、露、氷といったものを除去す
るヒーター付ミラーに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mirror for a bathroom, a door mirror for vehicles, etc., and is equipped with a heater for removing fog or water drops, raindrops, dew, ice, etc. adhering to the surface of the mirror. Regarding the mirror.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】降雨時や、寒冷地の降雪時の車両の走行
において、バックミラー等に水滴が付着したり氷結した
りすることにより、後方の視認が不十分となり走行安全
性が損なわれることを防ぐことを目的として、ミラー表
面に付着した水滴、氷などを加温して除去するために加
熱できるミラーが種々提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art When a vehicle travels during rain or snow in a cold region, water drops adhere to the rear-view mirrors or icy, and the rear view becomes insufficient and driving safety is impaired. In order to prevent the above, various mirrors that can be heated to remove water droplets, ice, etc. adhering to the mirror surface by heating have been proposed.
【０００３】例えば、実公昭５８−２８９３７号公報に
は、鏡板の裏面に、熱伝導率の高い均熱板を密着状態で
配置し、この均熱板の裏面に発熱体を接合した車両用バ
ックミラーが開示されている。また、実公昭６２−３３
６４８号公報には、ミラー本体の背面に平面上のヒータ
を固着し、ヒーターのパターンをミラーの周縁部を中心
部より密にしたヒーター付ミラーが開示されている。更
に、実開平４−１０２５９９号公報には、電極によって
発熱領域が複数に分割されているミラー用面状発熱体が
開示されている。For example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-28937 discloses a vehicle back in which a soaking plate having a high thermal conductivity is arranged in close contact with the back face of a mirror plate, and a heating element is joined to the back face of the soaking plate. A mirror is disclosed. In addition, 62-33
Japanese Patent No. 648 discloses a mirror with a heater in which a heater on a plane is fixed to the back surface of the mirror body, and the heater pattern is closer to the peripheral portion of the mirror than the central portion. Further, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-102599 discloses a planar heating element for a mirror in which a heating area is divided into a plurality of areas by electrodes.
【０００４】上記のミラー又はミラー用面状発熱体にお
いては、良好な視界が得られるようミラー全面を均一に
加温すべく、複雑な発熱抵抗体パターンや複雑な電極パ
ターンを形成した別体の電熱基板をミラー基板裏面へ固
着させる等の方法が採られていた。しかし、ミラー基板
と別体の電熱基板を用いる方法では、複雑な発熱抵抗体
パターンや電極パターンを設計・製造しなければなら
ず、コストが高くなるという問題があった。また、別体
の電熱基板からの熱伝導によりミラー基板が加温される
ため、熱効率が悪く、水滴などの除去に時間が長くかか
るという問題もあった。そこで、実開平５−１３８７２
号公報のように、ミラー基板の表面に、反射膜兼発熱抵
抗体を形成し、この反射膜兼発熱抵抗体の表面に絶縁用
オーバーコート層を設けたヒーター付ミラーが提案され
ている。In the above-mentioned mirror or planar heating element for a mirror, in order to uniformly heat the entire surface of the mirror so as to obtain a good field of view, a separate heating resistor pattern or a complicated electrode pattern is formed. A method of fixing the electric heating substrate to the rear surface of the mirror substrate has been adopted. However, the method of using an electrothermal substrate that is separate from the mirror substrate requires a complicated heating resistor pattern and electrode pattern to be designed and manufactured, which causes a problem of high cost. Further, since the mirror substrate is heated by heat conduction from a separate electric heating substrate, there is a problem that thermal efficiency is poor and it takes a long time to remove water droplets and the like. Therefore, the actual Kaihei 5-13872
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-163, there is proposed a mirror with a heater in which a reflecting film / heating resistor is formed on the surface of a mirror substrate and an insulating overcoat layer is provided on the surface of the reflecting film / heating resistor.
【０００５】[0005]
【考案が解決しようとする課題】しかし、反射膜兼発熱
抵抗体をミラー基板表面に形成した場合には、熱効率は
改善されるものの、ミラーの中心部のみが昇温し易く、
端部における水滴などの除去には長時間を要する。ま
た、ミラー全面の加温をなすためには、各電極線をミラ
ー基板の周辺部近傍に設けることが行われているが、特
に、車両用のドアミラーはミラー基板の形状として矩形
や円形でなく略菱形、略平行四辺形、略台形、略楕円形
といったような、ミラー基板外縁の作る内角が小さい部
分（狭角部）とこれより大きい部分（広角部）とを有し
ているものが用いられているため、電極線は狭角部と広
角部の双方向に延びることになる。このような場合、特
に狭角部近傍が加温され難く、この狭角部の水滴などの
除去を速やかに行おうとすると、多大の電力を投入しな
ければならず、効率が悪いばかりでなく、特に広角部近
傍が著しく加温され、この広角部の過加熱により樹脂製
ホルダーの変形や、過加熱部への人間の接触などによる
やけどといった災害をもたらすことにもなる。However, when the reflective film / heating resistor is formed on the surface of the mirror substrate, the thermal efficiency is improved, but only the central portion of the mirror easily rises in temperature.
It takes a long time to remove water drops and the like at the ends. Further, in order to heat the entire surface of the mirror, each electrode wire is provided in the vicinity of the peripheral portion of the mirror substrate. In particular, door mirrors for vehicles are not rectangular or circular in shape of the mirror substrate. The one having a portion with a small interior angle (narrow angle portion) and a portion with a larger interior angle (wide angle portion) formed by the outer edge of the mirror substrate, such as a substantially rhombus, a substantially parallelogram, a substantially trapezoid, and a substantially ellipse is used. Therefore, the electrode wire extends in both directions of the narrow angle portion and the wide angle portion. In such a case, it is particularly difficult to heat the vicinity of the narrow-angle portion, and in order to quickly remove water droplets and the like in the narrow-angle portion, a large amount of power must be supplied, which is not only inefficient, but also In particular, the vicinity of the wide-angle portion is remarkably heated, and overheating of the wide-angle portion may cause a disaster such as deformation of the resin holder and burns due to human contact with the overheated portion.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上述した従来
の課題を解決するためになしたもので、狭角部と広角部
とを有するミラー基板上に反射膜兼発熱抵抗体膜、又は
反射膜及び発熱抵抗体膜を形成し、この発熱抵抗体膜に
通電加温するための電極を設けたヒーター付ミラーであ
って、加温温度制御するための温度検出素子が、前記電
極の給電点に対しミラー基板の広角部側電極線端部近傍
に設けられていることを特徴とするヒーター付ミラーを
要旨とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and a reflecting film / heating resistor film or a mirror film having a narrow angle portion and a wide angle portion, or A heater-equipped mirror in which a reflective film and a heating resistor film are formed, and an electrode for heating by heating the heating resistor film is provided, in which a temperature detection element for controlling a heating temperature is a power supply to the electrode. The gist of the mirror with a heater is that it is provided in the vicinity of the wide angle portion side electrode wire end of the mirror substrate with respect to the point.
【０００７】図１は本発明の一実施例である車両用ドア
ミラーに用いるヒーター付ミラーの裏面斜視模式図であ
り、図２はその縦断面模式図である。参照符号１は、ガ
ラスなどの透明材料よりなる略平行四辺形のミラー基板
であり、このミラー基板１の四方のＲ付けされた角は、
ミラー基板１外縁の作る内角が小さい部分（狭角部）１
ｂ、１ｃとこれより大きい部分（広角部）１ａ、１ｄと
なっている。このミラー基板１の裏面には、反射膜兼発
熱抵抗体膜２が形成されている。この反射膜兼発熱抵抗
体膜２はチタン、クロム、ニクロムなどの膜をスパッタ
リング法や真空蒸着法により形成されたものである。な
お、反射膜兼発熱抵抗体膜２は、本実施例のように、ミ
ラー基板１裏面に形成した膜が反射膜と発熱抵抗体膜と
を兼ねているものである場合以外の構成も採用できる。
例えば、複層の膜を形成して、各々の膜に反射膜として
の働きと発熱抵抗体膜としての働きを重ね合せたもの
や、反射膜と発熱抵抗体膜との間に絶縁層を形成し、電
気的に接続されないよう形成したものも採用できる。複
層の膜を形成する場合、第１層は、材料としてアルミニ
ウム、クロム、ニッケル、ニクロム系合金、ニッケル−
燐などを用い、スパッタリング法、真空蒸着法又はめっ
き法などにより形成し、第２層は、材料としてチタン、
チタンシリサイド、クロムシリサイド、窒化タンタル、
炭化チタン、炭化タングステン、ホウ化ニオブ、鉄−ク
ロム−アルミニウム系合金などを用い、スパッタリング
法、真空蒸着法又はめっき法などにより形成することが
できる。また、反射膜と発熱抵抗体膜とを別個に形成す
る場合、反射膜としては材料としてアルミニウム、クロ
ム、ニッケル、ニクロム系合金、ニッケル−燐などを用
い、スパッタリング法、真空蒸着法又はめっき法などに
より形成し、絶縁層としてはシリカを用い、発熱抵抗体
膜としては材料としてチタン、チタンシリサイド、クロ
ムシリサイド、窒化タンタル、炭化チタン、炭化タング
ステン、ホウ化ニオブ、鉄−クロム−アルミニウム系合
金などを用い、スパッタリング法、真空蒸着法又はめっ
き法などにより形成することができる。FIG. 1 is a schematic rear perspective view of a heater-equipped mirror used in a vehicle door mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram thereof. Reference numeral 1 is a substantially parallelogram mirror substrate made of a transparent material such as glass, and the R-shaped corners of the four sides of the mirror substrate 1 are
Mirror substrate 1 Part with a small internal angle created by the outer edge (narrow angle part) 1
b and 1c and larger portions (wide-angle portions) 1a and 1d. On the back surface of the mirror substrate 1, a reflecting film / heating resistor film 2 is formed. The reflecting film / heating resistor film 2 is formed by forming a film of titanium, chromium, nichrome or the like by a sputtering method or a vacuum evaporation method. The reflective film / heat generating resistor film 2 may have a configuration other than the case where the film formed on the rear surface of the mirror substrate 1 also serves as the reflective film and the heat generating resistor film as in the present embodiment. .
For example, a multi-layered film is formed, and each film has a function as a reflection film and a function as a heating resistor film, or an insulating layer is formed between the reflective film and the heating resistor film. However, those formed so as not to be electrically connected can also be used. When forming a multi-layer film, the first layer is made of aluminum, chromium, nickel, a nichrome alloy, nickel-
The second layer is formed by using phosphorus or the like by a sputtering method, a vacuum deposition method or a plating method, and the second layer is made of titanium,
Titanium silicide, chromium silicide, tantalum nitride,
Titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, niobium boride, an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, or the like can be used and can be formed by a sputtering method, a vacuum evaporation method, a plating method, or the like. When the reflective film and the heating resistor film are separately formed, aluminum, chromium, nickel, nichrome alloy, nickel-phosphorus, or the like is used as the material for the reflective film, and the sputtering method, the vacuum deposition method, the plating method, or the like is used. Silica is used as the insulating layer and titanium, titanium silicide, chromium silicide, tantalum nitride, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, niobium boride, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, etc. are used as the material for the heating resistor film. It can be formed by a sputtering method, a vacuum deposition method, a plating method, or the like.
【０００８】さらに、この反射膜兼発熱抵抗体膜２の裏
面には、前記反射膜兼発熱抵抗体膜２に通電するため
の、ミラー基板１の狭角部と広角部の双方向に延在する
一対の対向する電極線３ａ、３ｂよりなる電極が設けら
れている。この対向する電極線３ａ、３ｂは、ミラー端
部における加温も可能なように、その間隔が、端部近傍
における電極間隔が中央部における電極間隔より狭くな
るように設けられている。電極線３ａにおいてＥ１はミ
ラー基板１の狭角部１ｂ側電極線端部であり、Ｅ２はミ
ラー基板１の広角部１ａ側電極線端部である。また、電
極線３ｂにおいて、Ｅ３はミラー基板１の狭角部１ｃ側
電極線端部であり、Ｅ４はミラー基板１の広角部１ｄ側
電極線端部である。この電極線３ａ、３ｂは種々の方法
で形成することができる。例えば、銅や銀ペーストを用
いて銅や銀の薄層を形成したり、その上にハンダを施し
たり、ニッケルめっきによりニッケルの薄層を形成した
りなどである。また、ミラー全面の均一な加温をなすた
めに、電極線の材質・幅・厚さなどを変えることによ
り、場所により不均一な抵抗値を持たせた電極であって
も良い。また、電極は上記のように一対であることに限
定されない。例えば、一対の電極線の中央部に第３の電
極線がある場合でもよい。なお、基板の狭角部をも含め
たミラー全面の均一な加温を成すためには、これらの給
電点は、それぞれの電極線上の、給電点に対し基板の狭
角部側電極線端部における電圧降下が、広角部側電極線
端部における電圧降下より小さくなるよう設けられてい
ることが好ましい。Further, on the back surface of the reflection film / heat generating resistor film 2, there is extended in both directions of the narrow angle portion and the wide angle portion of the mirror substrate 1 for supplying electricity to the reflection film / heat generating resistor film 2. An electrode composed of a pair of opposing electrode lines 3a, 3b is provided. The opposing electrode lines 3a and 3b are provided such that the interval between the electrodes near the ends is smaller than the interval between the electrodes in the center so that the mirror ends can be heated. In the electrode wire 3a, E1 is an end of the electrode wire on the narrow-angle portion 1b side of the mirror substrate 1, and E2 is an end of the electrode wire on the wide-angle portion 1a side of the mirror substrate 1. In addition, in the electrode wire 3b, E3 is an end of the narrow-angle portion 1c side electrode wire of the mirror substrate 1, and E4 is an end of the wide-angle portion 1d side electrode wire of the mirror substrate 1. The electrode wires 3a and 3b can be formed by various methods. For example, a thin layer of copper or silver is formed by using a copper or silver paste, solder is applied on the thin layer, or a thin layer of nickel is formed by nickel plating. Further, in order to uniformly heat the entire surface of the mirror, the electrode may have a non-uniform resistance value depending on the location by changing the material, width, thickness, etc. of the electrode wire. Further, the electrodes are not limited to being a pair as described above. For example, the third electrode wire may be provided at the center of the pair of electrode wires. In order to uniformly heat the entire surface of the mirror including the narrow angle portion of the substrate, these feeding points should be located on the electrode lines at the narrow angle portion side electrode wire end portions of the substrate with respect to the feeding points. It is preferable that the voltage drop at is smaller than the voltage drop at the wide-angle-side electrode wire end.
【０００９】更に、ミラー裏面は、電気的絶縁のため、
温度変化によりクラックが発生しないヤング率の低い樹
脂・ゴム等の絶縁材料４によりコーティングされてい
る。参照符号５は前記電極線３ａ、３ｂと給電回路（不
図示）とを半田付け等により接続するためのリード線で
あり、Ａ１、Ａ２は、それぞれの電極線の給電点であ
る。尚、電極線内における給電点は、複数個であっても
よい。Further, since the rear surface of the mirror is electrically insulated,
It is coated with an insulating material 4 such as resin or rubber having a low Young's modulus that does not generate cracks due to temperature changes. Reference numeral 5 is a lead wire for connecting the electrode wires 3a and 3b to a power supply circuit (not shown) by soldering or the like, and A1 and A2 are power supply points of the respective electrode wires. There may be a plurality of feeding points in the electrode wire.
【００１０】参照符号６は加温温度制御のための温度検
出素子であり、サーモスタットやサーミスタ等が用いら
れる。この温度検出素子６は、電極３の給電点Ａ１又は
Ａ２に対しミラー基板１の広角部側電極線端部Ｅ２又は
Ｅ４の近傍に設けられることが必要である。この温度検
出素子は、前記広角部側電極線端部Ｅ２又はＥ４のいず
れの近傍に設けられても良いが、より広角部側に設けら
れている方が特に好ましい。また、温度検出素子６をミ
ラー面と非接触状態で使うこともできる。例えば、赤外
線受光素子よりなる温度検出素子６をミラーホルダー等
に取り付け、給電点Ａ１又はＡ２に対し基板の広角部側
電極線端部Ｅ２又はＥ４の近傍の発熱抵抗体膜２の表面
を赤外線モニター部とし、加温温度制御を行うこともで
きる。Reference numeral 6 is a temperature detecting element for controlling the heating temperature, and a thermostat, a thermistor or the like is used. The temperature detecting element 6 needs to be provided near the feed point A1 or A2 of the electrode 3 near the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E2 or E4 of the mirror substrate 1. The temperature detecting element may be provided in the vicinity of either the wide-angle-side electrode wire end portion E2 or E4, but it is particularly preferable to be provided on the wider-angle portion side. Further, the temperature detecting element 6 can also be used in a non-contact state with the mirror surface. For example, the temperature detecting element 6 including an infrared light receiving element is attached to a mirror holder or the like, and the surface of the heating resistor film 2 near the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E2 or E4 of the substrate with respect to the feeding point A1 or A2 is monitored by an infrared monitor. It is also possible to control the heating temperature as a part.
【００１１】[0011]
【作用】本発明に係るヒーター付ミラーが、ミラー基板
狭角部を含む全面が所望通りの温度制御の下、均一な加
温が可能になるのは、従来過加熱状態となり易かった基
板の広角部側電極線端部近傍に温度検出素子を設けるこ
とにより、過加熱部の温度制御を容易に成したこと及び
過加熱部の熱容量を多きくし実質上温度上昇速度を抑
え、加温され難かった狭角部を適度に加温しても広角部
での温度上昇を小さくしたことで、効率的にミラー基板
全面を加温できるようになした為である。In the mirror with the heater according to the present invention, uniform heating can be performed under the desired temperature control over the entire surface including the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate. By providing a temperature detection element near the end of the part-side electrode wire, the temperature of the overheated part was easily controlled, and the heat capacity of the overheated part was increased to effectively suppress the temperature rise rate, making it difficult to heat. This is because even if the narrow-angle portion is moderately heated, the temperature rise in the wide-angle portion is reduced, so that the entire surface of the mirror substrate can be efficiently heated.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】以下、実施例によってより詳細に説明する。 実施例１ 図１に示す車両用ドアミラーにおいて、ガラス製ミラー
基板１上に、チタン膜をスパッタリング法により０．０
８μｍ厚形成して反射膜兼発熱抵抗体膜２とし、更に銅
ペーストのスクリーン印刷法により抵抗値の均一な銅薄
層を電極３として形成し、サーモスタットよりなる温度
検出素子６を広角部側電極線端部Ｅ２近傍に設け、この
電極３の電極線３ａ、３ｂの中間点より狭角部１ｂ、１
ｃ寄りに設定した給電点Ａ１、Ａ２にリード線５を接続
してヒーター付ミラーを作製した。前記給電点Ａ１−Ａ
２間にＤＣ１２Ｖの電圧を印加したところ３．６Ａの電
流が流れた。このヒーター付ミラーの加温を上記サーモ
スタットよりなる温度検出素子６により制御したとこ
ろ、ミラー表面の温度を５０〜６５℃の範囲で設定通り
制御することができた。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples. Example 1 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 1, a titanium film was formed on a glass mirror substrate 1 by a sputtering method to form 0.0
8 μm thick is formed as a reflection film and heating resistor film 2, and a copper thin layer having a uniform resistance value is formed as an electrode 3 by screen printing method of copper paste, and a temperature detecting element 6 composed of a thermostat is formed on the wide-angle side electrode. Provided in the vicinity of the line end E2, the narrow angle portions 1b, 1
A lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding points A1 and A2 set near c to manufacture a mirror with a heater. The feeding point A1-A
When a voltage of DC 12 V was applied between the two, a current of 3.6 A flowed. When the heating of the mirror with the heater was controlled by the temperature detecting element 6 composed of the thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 65 ° C.
【００１３】実施例２ 実施例１のヒーター付ミラーにおいて、サーモスタット
よりなる温度検出素子６を広角部側電極線端部Ｅ４近傍
に設けた以外は実施例１と同様になしてヒーター付ミラ
ーを作製した（図３参照）。このヒーター付ミラーも、
実施例１のものと同様に、ミラー表面全面の温度を５０
〜６５℃の範囲で設定通り制御することができた。Example 2 A mirror with a heater is manufactured in the same manner as in the example 1 except that the temperature detecting element 6 made of a thermostat is provided in the vicinity of the wide angle side electrode wire end E4. (See FIG. 3). This mirror with heater also
As in Example 1, the temperature on the entire surface of the mirror is set to 50
It was possible to control as set in the range of ˜65 ° C.
【００１４】実施例３ 図４に示す車両用ドアミラーにおいて、略楕円状ガラス
製ミラー基板１上に、スパッタリング法によりニクロム
膜及びチタン膜をそれぞれ０．０５μｍ厚順次形成して
反射膜兼発熱抵抗体膜２とし、更に銀及び銅ペーストの
スクリーン印刷法により銀及び銅の二層構造よりなる薄
層を電極３として形成し、サーミスタよりなる温度検出
素子６を広角部側電極線端部Ｅ４近傍に設け、この電極
３の電極線３ａ、３ｂの中間点より狭角部１ｂ、１ｃ寄
りに設定した給電点Ａ１、Ａ２にリード線５を接続して
ヒーター付ミラーを作製した。この給電点Ａ１−Ａ２間
にＤＣ１２Ｖの電圧を印加したところ２．５Ａの電流が
流れた。このヒーター付ミラーの加温を上記サーミスタ
よりなる温度検出素子６により制御したところ、ミラー
表面全面の温度を５０〜６５℃の範囲で設定通り制御す
ることができた。Embodiment 3 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 4, a nichrome film and a titanium film are sequentially formed on a mirror substrate 1 made of substantially oval glass by a sputtering method to have a thickness of 0.05 μm, respectively. A thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper is formed as the electrode 3 by the screen printing method of silver and copper paste, and the temperature detecting element 6 made of a thermistor is provided in the vicinity of the wide angle side electrode wire end E4. A heater-equipped mirror was prepared by connecting the lead wires 5 to the feeding points A1 and A2 that are provided and are located closer to the narrow-angle portions 1b and 1c than the middle point of the electrode wires 3a and 3b of the electrode 3. When a voltage of DC 12V was applied between the feeding points A1 and A2, a current of 2.5A flowed. When the heating of the mirror with heater was controlled by the temperature detecting element 6 composed of the thermistor, the temperature of the entire surface of the mirror could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 65 ° C.
【００１５】実施例４ 図５に示す車両用ドアミラーにおいて、略台形状ガラス
製ミラー基板１上に、チタン膜をスパッタリング法によ
り０．１μｍ厚形成して反射膜兼発熱抵抗体膜２とし、
更に銀及び銅ペーストのスクリーン印刷法により抵抗値
の均一な銀及び銅の二層構造よりなる薄層を電極３とし
て形成し、サーモスタットよりなる温度検出素子６を広
角部側電極線端部Ｅ２近傍に設け、この電極３の電極線
３ａ、３ｂの中間点より狭角部１ｂ、１ｃ寄りに設定し
た給電点Ａ１、Ａ２にリード線５を接続してヒーター付
ミラーを作製した。この給電点Ａ１−Ａ２間にＤＣ１２
Ｖの電圧を印加したところ４．５Ａの電流が流れた。こ
のヒーター付ミラーの加温を上記サーモスタットよりな
る温度検出素子６により制御したところ、ミラー表面全
面の温度を５０〜６０℃の範囲で設定通り制御すること
ができた。Example 4 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 5, a titanium film having a thickness of 0.1 μm was formed on a substantially trapezoidal glass mirror substrate 1 by a sputtering method to form a reflecting film / heating resistor film 2.
Further, a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper having a uniform resistance value is formed as the electrode 3 by a screen printing method of silver and copper paste, and a temperature detecting element 6 made of a thermostat is provided in the vicinity of the wide angle side electrode wire end E2. , And the lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding points A1 and A2 set near the narrow angle portions 1b and 1c from the midpoint of the electrode wires 3a and 3b of the electrode 3 to manufacture a mirror with a heater. DC12 between this feeding point A1-A2
When a voltage of V was applied, a current of 4.5 A flowed. When the heating of the mirror with heater was controlled by the temperature detecting element 6 composed of the thermostat, the temperature of the entire surface of the mirror could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 60 ° C.
【００１６】実施例５ 実施例４のヒーター付ミラーにおいて、サーモスタット
よりなる温度検出素子６を広角部側電極線端部Ｅ４近傍
に設けた以外は実施例４と同様になしてヒーター付ミラ
ーを作製した。このヒーター付ミラーも、実施例４のも
のと同様に、ミラー表面全面の温度を５０〜６５℃の範
囲で設定通り制御することができた。Embodiment 5 A heater-equipped mirror is manufactured in the same manner as in Embodiment 4, except that the temperature detecting element 6 made of a thermostat is provided near the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E4. did. This heater-equipped mirror was also able to control the temperature of the entire surface of the mirror within the range of 50 to 65 ° C. as set, as in Example 4.
【００１７】実施例６ 図６に示す車両用ドアミラーにおいて、片側のみ斜辺の
略台形状ガラス製ミラー基板１上に、チタン膜をスパッ
タリング法により０．１μｍ厚形成して反射膜兼発熱抵
抗体膜２とし、更に銀及び銅ペーストのスクリーン印刷
法により抵抗値の均一な銀及び銅の二層構造よりなる薄
層を電極３として形成し、サーモスタットよりなる温度
検出素子６を広角部側電極線端部Ｅ２近傍に設け、この
電極３の電極線３ａ、３ｂの中間点より狭角部１ｂ、１
ｃ寄りに設定した給電点Ａ１、Ａ２にリード線５を接続
してヒーター付ミラーを作製した。この給電点Ａ１−Ａ
２間にＤＣ１２Ｖの電圧を印加したところ４．３Ａの電
流が流れた。このヒーター付ミラーの加温をサーモスタ
ットよりなる温度検出素子６により制御したところ、ミ
ラー表面全面の温度を５０〜６０℃の範囲で設定通り制
御することができた。Embodiment 6 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 6, a titanium film is formed to a thickness of 0.1 μm on a substantially trapezoidal glass mirror substrate 1 of which one side is a hypotenuse by a sputtering method to form a reflecting film and a heating resistor film. 2 and further, a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper having a uniform resistance value is formed as the electrode 3 by a screen printing method of silver and copper paste, and a temperature detecting element 6 made of a thermostat is formed on the wide end side electrode wire end. Provided in the vicinity of the portion E2, the narrow angle portions 1b, 1
A lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding points A1 and A2 set near c to manufacture a mirror with a heater. This feeding point A1-A
When a voltage of DC12V was applied between the two, a current of 4.3A flowed. When the heating of the mirror with the heater was controlled by the temperature detecting element 6 composed of a thermostat, the temperature of the entire surface of the mirror could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 60 ° C.
【００１８】実施例７ 図７に示す車両用ドアミラーにおいて、片側のみ斜辺の
略台形状ガラス製ミラー基板１上に、チタン膜をスパッ
タリング法により０．１μｍ厚形成して反射膜兼発熱抵
抗体膜２とし、更に、ミラー基板１の斜辺及びこの斜辺
に対向する辺に銀及び銅ペーストのスクリーン印刷法に
より抵抗値の均一な銀及び銅の二層構造よりなる薄層を
電極３として形成し、サーモスタットよりなる温度検出
素子６を広角部側電極線端部Ｅ２近傍に設け、この電極
３の電極線３ａの中間点より狭角部１ｃ寄りに設定した
給電点Ａ１と、電極線３ｂの中心（電位的にも中点でＡ
２−Ｅ０間の電圧降下とＡ２−Ｅ００間の電圧降下は等
しい。）に設けた給電点Ａ２にリード線５を接続してヒ
ーター付ミラーを作製した。この給電点Ａ１−Ａ２間に
ＤＣ１２Ｖの電圧を印加したところ、３．１Ａの電流が
流れた。このヒーター付ミラーの加温をサーモスタット
よりなる温度検出素子６により制御したところ、基板の
狭角部近傍も含めて、ミラー表面の温度を５０〜６５℃
の範囲で設定通り制御することができた。Embodiment 7 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 7, a titanium film is formed to a thickness of 0.1 μm by a sputtering method on a substantially trapezoidal glass mirror substrate 1 having only one side of which is a hypotenuse, and a reflecting film / heating resistor film is formed. 2. Further, a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper having a uniform resistance value is formed as an electrode 3 on the oblique side of the mirror substrate 1 and a side opposite to the oblique side by a screen printing method of silver and copper paste, A temperature detecting element 6 composed of a thermostat is provided in the vicinity of the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E2, and the feeding point A1 is set to be closer to the narrow-angle portion 1c than the middle point of the electrode wire 3a of the electrode 3 and the center of the electrode wire 3b ( A in terms of potential
The voltage drop between 2-E0 and A2-E00 is equal. ), The lead wire 5 was connected to the feeding point A2, and a mirror with a heater was produced. When a voltage of DC 12V was applied between the feeding points A1 and A2, a current of 3.1A flowed. When the heating of the mirror with heater was controlled by the temperature detecting element 6 composed of a thermostat, the temperature of the mirror surface including the vicinity of the narrow angle portion of the substrate was 50 to 65 ° C.
It was possible to control according to the setting within the range.
【００１９】比較例１ 実施例１において、サーモスタットよりなる温度検出素
子６を狭角部側電極線端部Ｅ１近傍に設けた以外は実施
例１と同様になしてヒーター付ミラーを作製した。この
ヒーター付ミラーを、前記サーモスタットによりミラー
表面全面の温度を５０〜６５℃の範囲で加温制御しよう
としたところ、広角部側電極線端部Ｅ２及びＥ４近傍の
温度が著しく上昇し９５℃にも達し、設定通り制御する
ことができなかった。Comparative Example 1 A mirror with a heater was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature detecting element 6 made of a thermostat was provided in the vicinity of the narrow-angle-side electrode wire end E1. When the temperature of the entire mirror surface of the mirror with the heater was controlled to be heated in the range of 50 to 65 ° C by the thermostat, the temperature in the vicinity of the wide angle side electrode wire ends E2 and E4 remarkably increased to 95 ° C. Also reached, and could not be controlled as set.
【００２０】比較例２ 実施例４において、サーモスタットよりなる温度検出素
子６を反射膜兼発熱抵抗体膜２の中央部に設けた以外は
実施例１と同様になしてヒーター付ミラーを作製した。
このヒーター付ミラーを、前記サーモスタットによりミ
ラー表面全面の温度を５０〜６５℃の範囲で加温制御し
ようとしたところ、特に広角部側電極線端部Ｅ２近傍の
温度が著しく上昇し８０℃にも達し、設定通り制御する
ことができなかった。Comparative Example 2 A mirror with a heater was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the temperature detecting element 6 made of a thermostat was provided in the central portion of the reflective film / heating resistor film 2 in Example 4.
When the temperature of the entire surface of the mirror of the heater-equipped mirror was controlled by the thermostat in the range of 50 to 65 ° C, the temperature particularly near the wide-angle-side electrode wire end E2 increased remarkably and reached 80 ° C. Reached and could not control as set.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】本発明に係わるヒーター付ミラーは、ミ
ラー基板の狭角部の加温が可能なため、狭角部を含めた
ミラー基板全面において均一な加温が得られることから
所望の温度制御が可能であり、ミラー表面に付着した水
滴、氷などを全面にわたって速やかに除去できる。ま
た、特に、大きな電流を流すことによって、降雨時の走
行中にミラーに付着した雨滴の迅速な除去も可能であ
る。Since the mirror with heater according to the present invention can heat the narrow angle portion of the mirror substrate, uniform heating can be obtained over the entire surface of the mirror substrate including the narrow angle portion. It can be controlled, and water droplets, ice, etc. adhering to the mirror surface can be quickly removed over the entire surface. Further, in particular, by supplying a large current, it is possible to quickly remove raindrops adhering to the mirror during traveling during rainfall.
【図１】 本考案の実施例１の裏面斜視模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic rear perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】 図１の縦断面模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of FIG.
【図３】 本考案の実施例２の裏面斜視模式図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic rear perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】 本考案の実施例３の裏面斜視模式図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic rear perspective view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】 本考案の実施例４の裏面斜視模式図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic rear perspective view of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】 本考案の実施例６の裏面斜視模式図である。FIG. 6 is a rear perspective schematic view of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
【図７】 本考案の実施例７の裏面斜視模式図である。FIG. 7 is a schematic rear perspective view of Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
１ ミラー基板 ２ 反射膜兼発熱抵抗体膜 ３ 電極 ３ａ、３ｂ、３ｃ 電極線 ４ 絶縁材料 ５ リード線 ６ 温度検出素子 １ａ、１ｄ 広角部 １ｂ、１ｃ 狭角部 Ａ１、Ａ２ 給電点 Ｅ１、Ｅ３ 狭角部側電極線端部 Ｅ２、Ｅ４ 広角部側電極線端部 Ｅ０、Ｅ００ 電極線端部 1 Mirror Substrate 2 Reflection Film / Heating Resistor Film 3 Electrodes 3a, 3b, 3c Electrode Wire 4 Insulating Material 5 Lead Wire 6 Temperature Detection Element 1a, 1d Wide Angle Part 1b, 1c Narrow Angle Part A1, A2 Feeding Point E1, E3 Narrow Corner side electrode wire ends E2, E4 Wide angle side electrode wire ends E0, E00 Electrode wire ends
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成７年６月１４日[Submission date] June 14, 1995
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００１５[Name of item to be corrected] 0015
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【００１５】実施例４ 図５に示す車両用ドアミラーにおいて、略台形状ガラス
製ミラー基板１上に、チタン膜をスパッタリング法によ
り０．１μｍ厚形成して反射膜兼発熱抵抗体膜２とし、
更に銀及び銅ペーストのスクリーン印刷法により抵抗値
の均一な銀及び銅の二層構造よりなる薄層を電極３とし
て形成し、サーモスタットよりなる温度検出素子６を広
角部側電極線端部Ｅ２近傍に設け、この電極３の電極線
３ａ、３ｂの中間点より各電極線の狭角部１ｄ、１ｃ寄
りに設定した給電点Ａ１、Ａ２にリード線５を接続して
ヒーター付ミラーを作製した。この給電点Ａ１−Ａ２間
にＤＣ１２Ｖの電圧を印加したところ４．５Ａの電流が
流れた。このヒーター付ミラーの加温を上記サーモスタ
ットよりなる温度検出素子６により制御したところ、ミ
ラー表面全面の温度を５０〜６０℃の範囲で設定通り制
御することができた。Example 4 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 5, a titanium film having a thickness of 0.1 μm was formed on a substantially trapezoidal glass mirror substrate 1 by a sputtering method to form a reflecting film / heating resistor film 2.
Further, a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper having a uniform resistance value is formed as the electrode 3 by a screen printing method of silver and copper paste, and a temperature detecting element 6 made of a thermostat is provided in the vicinity of the wide angle side electrode wire end E2. , And the lead wire 5 is connected to the feeding points A1 and A2 which are set to be close to the narrow angle portions 1d and 1c of the electrode wires from the midpoint of the electrode wires 3a and 3b of the electrode 3 to manufacture a mirror with a heater. . When a voltage of DC 12V was applied between the feeding points A1 and A2, a current of 4.5A flowed. When the heating of the mirror with heater was controlled by the temperature detecting element 6 composed of the thermostat, the temperature of the entire surface of the mirror could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 60 ° C.
【手続補正２】[Procedure Amendment 2]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００１７[Correction target item name] 0017
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【００１７】実施例６ 図６に示す車両用ドアミラーにおいて、片側のみ斜辺の
略台形状ガラス製ミラー基板１上に、チタン膜をスパッ
タリング法により０．１μｍ厚形成して反射膜兼発熱抵
抗体膜２とし、更に銀及び銅ペーストのスクリーン印刷
法により抵抗値の均一な銀及び銅の二層構造よりなる薄
層を電極３として形成し、サーモスタットよりなる温度
検出素子６を広角部側電極線端部Ｅ２近傍に設け、この
電極３の電極線３ａ、３ｂの中間点より各電極線の狭角
部１ｄ、１ｃ寄りに設定した給電点Ａ１、Ａ２にリード
線５を接続してヒーター付ミラーを作製した。この給電
点Ａ１−Ａ２間にＤＣ１２Ｖの電圧を印加したところ
４．３Ａの電流が流れた。このヒーター付ミラーの加温
をサーモスタットよりなる温度検出素子６により制御し
たところ、ミラー表面全面の温度を５０〜６０℃の範囲
で設定通り制御することができた。Embodiment 6 In the vehicle door mirror shown in FIG. 6, a titanium film is formed to a thickness of 0.1 μm on a substantially trapezoidal glass mirror substrate 1 of which one side is a hypotenuse by a sputtering method to form a reflecting film and a heating resistor film. 2 and further, a thin layer having a two-layer structure of silver and copper having a uniform resistance value is formed as the electrode 3 by a screen printing method of silver and copper paste, and a temperature detecting element 6 made of a thermostat is formed on the wide end side electrode wire end. The lead wire 5 is connected to the feeding points A1 and A2 which are provided in the vicinity of the portion E2 and which are set near the narrow angle portions 1 d and 1 c of each electrode wire from the midpoint of the electrode wires 3a and 3b of the electrode 3, and the lead wire 5 is connected to the mirror with a heater. Was produced. When a voltage of DC 12V was applied between the feeding points A1 and A2, a current of 4.3A flowed. When the heating of the mirror with the heater was controlled by the temperature detecting element 6 composed of a thermostat, the temperature of the entire surface of the mirror could be controlled as set within the range of 50 to 60 ° C.
【手続補正３】[Procedure 3]
【補正対象書類名】図面[Document name to be corrected] Drawing
【補正対象項目名】図５[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 5
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【図５】 [Figure 5]
【手続補正４】[Procedure amendment 4]
【補正対象書類名】図面[Document name to be corrected] Drawing
【補正対象項目名】図６[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 6
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【図６】 [Figure 6]
【手続補正５】[Procedure Amendment 5]
【補正対象書類名】図面[Document name to be corrected] Drawing
【補正対象項目名】図７[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 7
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【図７】 [Figure 7]
Claims (1)
に反射膜兼発熱抵抗体膜、又は反射膜及び発熱抵抗体膜
を形成し、この発熱抵抗体膜に通電加温するための電極
を設けたヒーター付ミラーであって、加温温度制御する
ための温度検出素子が、前記電極の給電点に対しミラー
基板の広角部側電極線端部近傍に設けられていることを
特徴とするヒーター付ミラー。1. A heat generating resistor film also serving as a reflective film or a reflective film and a heat generating resistor film are formed on a mirror substrate having a narrow angle portion and a wide angle portion, and the heat generating resistor film is heated by energization. A heater-equipped mirror provided with an electrode, wherein a temperature detection element for controlling a heating temperature is provided in the vicinity of the wide-angle-side electrode wire end of the mirror substrate with respect to the feeding point of the electrode. A mirror with a heater.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09581394A JP3527958B2 (en) | 1994-04-07 | 1994-04-07 | Heated mirror |
| CA002153061A CA2153061A1 (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-02 | Mirror with heater |
| EP94931674A EP0677434B1 (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-02 | Mirror with heater |
| US08/492,083 US5990449A (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-02 | Electric heating device for mirror |
| PCT/JP1994/001848 WO1995012508A1 (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-02 | Mirror with heater |
| DE69430117T DE69430117T2 (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-02 | MIRROR WITH RADIATOR |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09581394A JP3527958B2 (en) | 1994-04-07 | 1994-04-07 | Heated mirror |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07277152A true JPH07277152A (en) | 1995-10-24 |
| JP3527958B2 JP3527958B2 (en) | 2004-05-17 |
Family
ID=14147872
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09581394A Expired - Fee Related JP3527958B2 (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-04-07 | Heated mirror |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3527958B2 (en) |
-
1994
- 1994-04-07 JP JP09581394A patent/JP3527958B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3527958B2 (en) | 2004-05-17 |
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