JPH0727660A - Gas leakage detection method - Google Patents
Gas leakage detection methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0727660A JPH0727660A JP17335193A JP17335193A JPH0727660A JP H0727660 A JPH0727660 A JP H0727660A JP 17335193 A JP17335193 A JP 17335193A JP 17335193 A JP17335193 A JP 17335193A JP H0727660 A JPH0727660 A JP H0727660A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- flow rate
- pressure
- measuring device
- supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
- Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、主として都市ガスの屋
内配管及びガス器具に発生したガス漏れを検出するため
の方法に適用される。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is mainly applied to a method for detecting a gas leak occurring in a city gas indoor piping and a gas appliance.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】都市ガスの需要家の場合、本管から引き
込んだ引き込み管（供内管）の先端にはガスメータが取
り付けられ、ガスメータと屋内のガス栓との間は屋内配
管で結ばれている。このような状況において、屋内配管
及びガス器具からのガス漏れを検出する手段として、次
の２つの方法が一般に実施されている。2. Description of the Related Art In the case of a consumer of city gas, a gas meter is attached to the end of a lead-in pipe (serving pipe) drawn from a main pipe, and the gas meter and an indoor gas tap are connected by an indoor pipe. There is. In such a situation, the following two methods are generally practiced as means for detecting gas leakage from indoor piping and gas appliances.
【０００３】ａ．ガスメータを通過するガスの流量が異
常に多い場合、すなわちガスメータが一定の流量以上を
検出したときにガス漏れありと判定してガスを遮断す
る。A. When the flow rate of the gas passing through the gas meter is abnormally high, that is, when the gas meter detects a certain flow rate or more, it is determined that there is a gas leak and the gas is shut off.
【０００４】ｂ．ガス栓に接続されているガス器具の継
続使用安全時間をあらかじめ設定しておき、この継続使
用安全時間をオーバーした場合にガスを遮断する。B. The continuous use safety time of the gas appliance connected to the gas tap is set in advance, and the gas is shut off when the continuous use safety time is exceeded.
【０００５】因に、表１は上記ａに説明した異常ガス流
量検出時にガス漏れ（ガス噴出事故）ありと判定する場
合の基準の一例を示すもので、表２は、上記ｂに説明し
た継続使用安全時間を監視してガス漏れを判定する場合
の基準の一例を示すものである。Incidentally, Table 1 shows an example of criteria for judging that there is a gas leak (gas ejection accident) when detecting the abnormal gas flow rate described in the above a, and Table 2 shows the continuation described in the above b. It shows an example of a standard for determining a gas leak by monitoring a usage safety time.
【０００６】[0006]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【０００７】[0007]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【０００８】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし乍ら、上記公知
例においては、次のような欠点がある。However, the known examples described above have the following drawbacks.
【０００９】ａについては、非常に微量な量が流れてい
る場合、これをガス漏れとして検出することができない
ため、ガスを遮断せずに流し続けてガス事故を招いてし
まうことがある。逆に高カロリーのガス量を使用するガ
ス器具を長時間使用しているときには、これをガス漏れ
と判断して遮断してしまうことがある。With respect to a, when a very small amount is flowing, it cannot be detected as a gas leak, so that the gas may continue to flow without interruption, leading to a gas accident. On the contrary, when a gas appliance using a high calorie gas amount is used for a long time, it may be judged as a gas leak and shut off.
【００１０】ｂについては、ガス使用量に応じて継続使
用安全時間を変更することによって、よりガス漏れ事故
を未然に防ぐ判定をおこなうことはできるが、ガス使用
量の大きい器具ほど使用時間が短いというわけではない
ため誤作動を招く可能性が高い。Regarding b, it is possible to make a decision to prevent a gas leak accident by changing the continuous use safety time according to the amount of gas used, but a device with a larger amount of gas used has a shorter use time. This is not the case, so it is highly possible that a malfunction occurs.
【００１１】本発明の目的は、少量のガス漏れの場合で
も確実に検出することができると共に、検査区間が長い
場合でも正確にガス漏れを判定できるガス漏れ検出方法
を提案することである。An object of the present invention is to propose a gas leak detection method capable of surely detecting even a small amount of gas leak and accurately determining gas leak even when the inspection section is long.
【００１２】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に係るガス漏れ検
出方法は次のとおりである。The gas leak detection method according to the present invention is as follows.
【００１３】ガス漏れ検査区間の端末にガス器具が取り
付けられていて、このガス器具は使用状態にあること、
ガス漏れ検査区間の上流部に供給ガス圧力変動装置を取
り付けると共にガス漏れ検査区間内にガス圧力測定装置
及び流量測定装置を取り付け、前記供給ガス圧力変動装
置により供給ガス圧力を能動的に変動させ、この時に発
生するガス漏れ検査区間内の圧力の変動及び流量の変動
をガス圧力測定装置及びガス流量測定装置により夫々測
定して夫々の測定値を求めると共に測定された圧力値と
流量値の変動量から配管内の総容量を推測してガス流量
測定装置により測定されたガスがガス器具に到達するま
での時間を計算し、ガス漏れを判断する際の流量は、こ
の時間を経過した後の流量を基準にするガス漏れ検出方
法。A gas appliance is attached to the terminal of the gas leak inspection section, and the gas appliance is in a used state,
A gas pressure measuring device and a flow rate measuring device are installed in the gas leakage inspection section while the supply gas pressure varying device is installed in the upstream part of the gas leak inspection section, and the supply gas pressure is actively changed by the supply gas pressure varying apparatus. The fluctuations of pressure and flow rate in the gas leak inspection section that occur at this time are measured by the gas pressure measuring device and the gas flow measuring device to obtain the respective measured values, and the fluctuation amount of the measured pressure value and flow rate value. Calculate the time required for the gas measured by the gas flow rate measuring device to reach the gas appliance by estimating the total volume in the pipe from the flow rate when judging gas leakage, and the flow rate after this time has elapsed Gas leak detection method based on.
【００１４】[0014]
【作用】ガス流量の他に、ガス供給圧力の変動を検出す
る機構を持つガスメータで、ガス供給圧力を能動的に変
動させた場合、器具側にガス供給圧力の変動によるガス
流量の変化を補正する機構がなければ、ガス供給圧力の
変動が、そのままガス流量の変動を引き起こす。ガス漏
れの時がこの場合に相当する。したがって、ガス漏れが
発生しているときは、ガス供給圧力とガス流量の間には
相関関係がある。[Function] In addition to the gas flow rate, a gas meter with a mechanism for detecting changes in the gas supply pressure corrects changes in the gas flow rate due to changes in the gas supply pressure on the instrument side when the gas supply pressure is actively changed. Without such a mechanism, the fluctuation of the gas supply pressure causes the fluctuation of the gas flow rate as it is. This is the case when there is a gas leak. Therefore, when a gas leak occurs, there is a correlation between the gas supply pressure and the gas flow rate.
【００１５】一方、ガス給湯器、風呂釜等は器具内にガ
スガバナを内蔵しており、ガス供給圧力の変動をガスガ
バナが吸収するため、ガス供給圧力が変動しても、ガス
流量にその影響は現れない。したがって、ガス供給圧力
とガス流量は無相関となる。本発明は、ガス供給圧力と
ガス流量の間の相関関係に着目してガス漏れを検出する
ものである。On the other hand, a gas water heater, a bath kettle, etc. have a built-in gas governor in the equipment, and the gas governor absorbs the fluctuation of the gas supply pressure. It does not appear. Therefore, there is no correlation between the gas supply pressure and the gas flow rate. The present invention detects gas leakage by focusing on the correlation between gas supply pressure and gas flow rate.
【００１６】ところで、図３で計測されるように、ガス
供給圧力を例えばガバナ或いはバルブ等で能動的に変化
させた時、ガス漏れ検査区間が非常に短い場合には、ガ
ス供給圧力の変動に伴う一時的なガス配管内での行き来
は無視できる。従って、図４に示すように、ガバナの無
いガス器具では圧力変動の影響がそのまま流量（パルス
数で換算される）として現れるが、図５のようにガバナ
付ガス器具であれば、測定されるガス流量（パルス数で
換算される）は、圧力変動をガバナで吸収してしまう。
ところが、ガス漏れ検査区間が長い場合（配管総容量が
大きい場合）は、ガス供給圧力の変動に伴う一時的なガ
ス漏れ検査区間内での移動量は無視できなくなる。例え
ば、図６はガバナの無いガス器具が端末に取り付けられ
ている場合に測定されるパルス数で換算されるガス流量
であり、図７はガバナ付ガス器具の場合である。この図
６及び図７では、ガス圧力の変動に対応して、検査区間
が長いことに起因する配管内でのガスの移動があり、こ
れが流量変動として検出されてしまい、ガス漏れがある
場合の流量変動なのか否かの判断がつきにくくなる。し
たがって、ガス漏れがない場合の、単純な流量変動を取
り除くためには、流量の計測は、単純な流量変動が終息
した後の流量でなければならない。このためには、前記
のとおり、区間が短い場合にはそれ程問題ないが、長い
場合には問題があるので、この区間の長さを先ず推定
し、この推定値から単純な変動が終息するまでの時間を
計算し、この時間を経過した後の流量を計測してガス漏
れの判定基準に利用することが必要である。図６及び図
７における点線は、この時間経過後に計測される流量変
動を示すもので、流量の変動とこの差が良く判る。By the way, as shown in FIG. 3, when the gas supply pressure is actively changed by, for example, a governor or a valve, when the gas leak inspection section is very short, the gas supply pressure fluctuates. The accompanying temporary traffic within the gas pipe can be ignored. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, in a gas appliance without a governor, the influence of pressure fluctuation appears as it is as a flow rate (converted by the number of pulses), but in the case of a gas appliance with a governor as shown in FIG. 5, it is measured. The gas flow rate (converted by the number of pulses) absorbs pressure fluctuations with a governor.
However, when the gas leak inspection section is long (when the total pipe capacity is large), the temporary movement amount in the gas leak inspection section due to the fluctuation of the gas supply pressure cannot be ignored. For example, FIG. 6 shows a gas flow rate converted by the number of pulses measured when a gas appliance without a governor is attached to the terminal, and FIG. 7 shows a gas appliance with a governor. In FIGS. 6 and 7, there is a movement of gas in the pipe due to a long inspection section corresponding to a change in gas pressure, and this is detected as a flow rate change, and there is a gas leak. It becomes difficult to judge whether there is a flow rate fluctuation. Therefore, in order to eliminate simple flow fluctuations in the absence of gas leaks, the measurement of flow should be the flow after the simple flow fluctuations have ceased. For this purpose, as mentioned above, when the interval is short, there is not so much problem, but when it is long, there is a problem, so the length of this interval is first estimated, and from this estimated value until the simple fluctuation ends. It is necessary to calculate the time and measure the flow rate after this time has elapsed and use it as the criterion for gas leak determination. Dotted lines in FIGS. 6 and 7 show flow rate fluctuations measured after the passage of time, and the difference between the flow rate fluctuations and this difference can be clearly understood.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例】図１は、本発明の実施例を説明するためのも
のである。１はガスメータ（マイコンメータ）にして、
このガスメータ１内には、ガス圧力測定装置２及びガス
流量測定装置３、能動的に圧力変動可能な供給ガス圧力
変動装置１０及びガス遮断弁４、圧力・流量演算回路５
−１、ガス漏れ判定回路５−２が組み込まれている。６
は供内管、７はヘッダー８とガバナ付ガス器具９を結ぶ
屋内配管にして、供内管６からガスメータ１内に入った
供給ガスは、このガスメータ１で計量されてからヘッダ
ー８→屋内配管７→ガス器具９と流れる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is for explaining an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a gas meter (microcomputer meter),
Inside the gas meter 1, a gas pressure measuring device 2 and a gas flow measuring device 3, a supply gas pressure changing device 10 capable of actively changing pressure, a gas cutoff valve 4, a pressure / flow rate calculating circuit 5 are provided.
-1, The gas leak determination circuit 5-2 is incorporated. 6
Is a supply pipe, 7 is an indoor pipe connecting the header 8 and the gas appliance 9 with a governor, and the supply gas entering the gas meter 1 from the supply pipe 6 is measured by the gas meter 1 and then the header 8 → indoor pipe 7 → gas appliance 9 flows.
【００１８】上記実施例において、ガス器具９の何れか
が使用されている状態において、供給ガス圧力変動装置
１０をステップ状に変動させたとき、圧力・流量演算回
路５−１は、圧力測定装置２及び流量測定装置３から入
力された変動圧力値及び流量値を計測し、この計測値の
変動量から配管内の総容量を推測し、この推測値からガ
ス流量測定装置３部分からガス器具９まで流れる時間を
計算し、この時間経過後の流量の変動を基準にしてガス
漏れを判定し、これをガス漏れ判定回路５−２に送信す
る。ガス漏れ判定回路５−２はこの信号を受信すると、
警報装置を駆動し、同時にガス遮断弁４を閉じる。図２
は、圧力・流量演算回路５−１の判定フローである。In the above embodiment, when any one of the gas appliances 9 is used and the supply gas pressure changing device 10 is changed stepwise, the pressure / flow rate calculating circuit 5-1 is operated by the pressure measuring device. 2 and the variable pressure value and the flow rate value input from the flow rate measuring device 3, the total volume in the pipe is estimated from the variation amount of the measured value, and the gas flow rate measuring device 3 part to the gas appliance 9 are estimated from this estimated value. The time to flow is calculated, the gas leak is judged based on the fluctuation of the flow rate after this time elapses, and this is transmitted to the gas leak judgment circuit 5-2. When the gas leak determination circuit 5-2 receives this signal,
The alarm device is driven, and at the same time, the gas cutoff valve 4 is closed. Figure 2
Is a determination flow of the pressure / flow rate calculation circuit 5-1.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】本発明は以上のように、ガバナ付ガス器
具使用中に、供給ガスに圧力変動を能動的に与え、この
時の圧力と流量の変動を測定すると共に配管容量の推定
と圧力変動に伴って実際に現れる流量変動までの時間を
計算し、ガス漏れ判定のための流量値は、この時間経過
後に計測されるものを基準にするようにした。この結
果、配管長に左右されない正確度の高いガス漏れ検査を
行うことができる。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention actively applies pressure fluctuations to the supply gas during use of the gas instrument with a governor, measures the pressure and flow rate fluctuations at this time, and estimates the pipe capacity and pressure. The time until the flow rate change that actually appears with the change was calculated, and the flow rate value for gas leak determination was based on that measured after the elapse of this time. As a result, it is possible to perform a highly accurate gas leak inspection that is not affected by the pipe length.
【図１】本発明の実施例の説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】判定フローの説明図。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a determination flow.
【図３】検査区間内のガス圧力変動の説明図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a gas pressure fluctuation in an inspection section.
【図４】ガバナ無しガス器具の場合のパルス数で換算さ
れる流量変動の説明図。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of flow rate fluctuations converted by the number of pulses in the case of a governor-less gas appliance.
【図５】ガバナ付ガス器具の場合のパルス数で換算され
る流量変動の説明図。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of flow rate fluctuations converted by the number of pulses in the case of a gas appliance with a governor.
【図６】検査区間が長く、端末にガバナ無しガス器具が
取り付けられている場合のパルス数で換算されるガス流
量変動の説明図。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of gas flow rate fluctuations converted by the number of pulses when the inspection section is long and the governorless gas appliance is attached to the terminal.
【図７】検査区間が長く、端末にガバナ付ガス器具が取
り付けられている場合のパルス数で換算されるガス流量
変動の説明図。FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of gas flow rate fluctuations converted by the number of pulses when the inspection section is long and a gas appliance with a governor is attached to the terminal.
１ ガスメータ ２ ガス圧力測定装置 ３ ガス流量測定装置 ４ ガス遮断弁 ５−１ 圧力・流量の演算回路 ５−２ ガス漏れ判定回路 ６ 供内管 ７ 屋内配管 ８ ヘッダー ９ ガバナ付ガス器具 １０ 能動的供給ガス圧力変動装置 1 Gas Meter 2 Gas Pressure Measuring Device 3 Gas Flow Measuring Device 4 Gas Cutoff Valve 5-1 Pressure / Flow Rate Calculation Circuit 5-2 Gas Leakage Judgment Circuit 6 Service Pipe 7 Indoor Pipe 8 Header 9 Gas Appliance with Governor 10 Active Supply Gas pressure fluctuation device
Claims (1)
り付けられていて、このガス器具は使用状態にあるこ
と、 ガス漏れ検査区間の上流部に供給ガス圧力変動装置を取
り付けると共にガス漏れ検査区間内にガス圧力測定装置
及び流量測定装置を取り付け、 前記供給ガス圧力変動装置により供給ガス圧力を能動的
に変動させ、この時に発生するガス漏れ検査区間内の圧
力の変動及び流量の変動をガス圧力測定装置及びガス流
量測定装置により夫々測定して夫々の測定値を求めると
共に測定された圧力値と流量値の変動量から配管内の総
容量を推測してガス流量測定装置により測定されたガス
がガス器具に到達するまでの時間を計算し、ガス漏れを
判断する際の流量は、この時間を経過した後の流量を基
準にするガス漏れ検出方法。1. A gas appliance is attached to a terminal of the gas leak inspection section, the gas appliance is in a use state, a supply gas pressure fluctuation device is attached to an upstream portion of the gas leak inspection section, and the gas leak inspection section is also installed. A gas pressure measuring device and a flow rate measuring device are installed inside, and the supply gas pressure fluctuation device actively fluctuates the supply gas pressure. The gas measured by the gas flow rate measuring device is estimated by measuring each with the measuring device and the gas flow rate measuring device to obtain each measured value, and estimating the total volume in the pipe from the fluctuation amount of the measured pressure value and flow rate value. A gas leak detection method that calculates the time required to reach a gas appliance and uses the flow rate after this time as a reference for the flow rate when determining a gas leak.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05173351A JP3117844B2 (en) | 1993-07-13 | 1993-07-13 | Gas leak detection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05173351A JP3117844B2 (en) | 1993-07-13 | 1993-07-13 | Gas leak detection method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0727660A true JPH0727660A (en) | 1995-01-31 |
| JP3117844B2 JP3117844B2 (en) | 2000-12-18 |
Family
ID=15958810
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05173351A Expired - Fee Related JP3117844B2 (en) | 1993-07-13 | 1993-07-13 | Gas leak detection method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3117844B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010139282A (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-24 | Yazaki Corp | Determination device and its pressure value correction method |
| JP2018128214A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2018-08-16 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | Gas piping system |
-
1993
- 1993-07-13 JP JP05173351A patent/JP3117844B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010139282A (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-24 | Yazaki Corp | Determination device and its pressure value correction method |
| JP2018128214A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2018-08-16 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | Gas piping system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3117844B2 (en) | 2000-12-18 |
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