JPH07256815A - Waterproof sheet - Google Patents
Waterproof sheetInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07256815A JPH07256815A JP7128194A JP7128194A JPH07256815A JP H07256815 A JPH07256815 A JP H07256815A JP 7128194 A JP7128194 A JP 7128194A JP 7128194 A JP7128194 A JP 7128194A JP H07256815 A JPH07256815 A JP H07256815A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- woven fabric
- asphalt
- layer
- waterproof sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、建築及び土木構築物等
の防水工事に用いる防水シートに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet used for waterproofing construction and civil engineering structures.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、建造物の防水工法として、アスフ
ァルトルーフィング、改質アスファルトルーフィング、
合成高分子シート等をアスファルトやその他の接着剤を
介して建造物に張り付ける工法が一般的に行われてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, asphalt roofing, modified asphalt roofing,
A method of attaching a synthetic polymer sheet or the like to a building through asphalt or another adhesive is generally used.
【０００３】これら従来の防水工法にあって、下地構造
物の挙動により防水シートが破断したり、施工ミスによ
る接着不良により、あるいは防水シートの端末部から雨
水が侵入することにより、漏水を引き起こすことがしば
しば発生している。In these conventional waterproof construction methods, water leakage is caused by breakage of the waterproof sheet due to the behavior of the underlying structure, defective adhesion due to a construction error, or rainwater entering from the terminal portion of the waterproof sheet. Often occurs.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】一旦発生した漏水を補
修するには、欠陥部を見出すための労力、補修の費用な
ど多大なものがある。また、地下防水等においては、欠
陥部の発見は事実上不可能であり、建造物内部から注入
防水材を注入する応急処置で対応しているのが実情であ
る。In order to repair a leak that has occurred once, there is a great deal of labor for finding a defective portion and repair cost. In addition, it is virtually impossible to find a defective portion in underground waterproofing, and the actual situation is to deal with it by first-aid measures by injecting an injection waterproof material from inside the building.
【０００５】本発明は、上記のような防水層の欠陥によ
る漏水を防止することができる防水シートを提供するこ
とを目的とする。An object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof sheet which can prevent water leakage due to the above-mentioned defects of the waterproof layer.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、アスファルト
層の片面に、吸水性繊維を用いた不織布を、該不織布の
厚さの一部に前記アスファルト層を含浸させて、接着し
てなる防水シートである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a waterproofing method in which a non-woven fabric using water-absorbent fibers is impregnated on one side of an asphalt layer, and the asphalt layer is impregnated in a part of the thickness of the non-woven fabric, and the non-woven fabric is adhered. It is a sheet.
【０００７】本発明において、アスファルト層は、アス
ファルトルーフィングの構成部分をなす層であり、通
常、不織布等の各種芯材の両面にアスファルトが塗覆さ
れることによりアスファルト層が形成される。吸水性繊
維を用いた不織布を接着する面と反対側のアスファルト
層の表面には、通常、タルク、珪砂、炭酸カルシウムな
どの鉱物質細粉を付着することが行われる。アスファル
ト層は改質アスファルトを用いることもできる。In the present invention, the asphalt layer is a layer forming a part of the asphalt roofing, and the asphalt layer is usually formed by coating both surfaces of various core materials such as nonwoven fabric with asphalt. Mineral fine powders such as talc, silica sand, and calcium carbonate are usually attached to the surface of the asphalt layer on the side opposite to the side to which a nonwoven fabric made of water-absorbent fibers is attached. Modified asphalt can also be used for the asphalt layer.
【０００８】本発明においては吸水性繊維を用いた不織
布をアスファルト層に接着する。吸水性繊維とは、吸水
機能を備えた繊維をいう。繊維に吸水性樹脂を付着ない
しコーティングしたものと繊維自体が吸水膨潤性を有す
るものがある。不織布の間隙部に吸水性樹脂粉末等を充
填することにより吸水機能を与えるものは、吸水によっ
て吸水性樹脂が移動してしまい、漏水防止効果を持続さ
せることが難しいので不適当である。In the present invention, a non-woven fabric using water-absorbent fibers is adhered to the asphalt layer. The water-absorbent fiber means a fiber having a water-absorbing function. There are fibers in which a water-absorbent resin is adhered or coated, and fibers which have water-swelling swellability. A material which gives a water absorbing function by filling a water absorbent resin powder or the like in the gaps of the non-woven fabric is not suitable because the water absorbing resin moves due to water absorption and it is difficult to maintain the water leakage preventing effect.
【０００９】上記観点から、本発明では吸水性繊維を用
いるものであり、さらには、繊維に吸水性樹脂を付着な
いしコーティングしたものよりも繊維自体が吸水膨潤性
を有するものの方が、確実に漏水防止効果を持続させる
ことができるので、より好ましい。このような繊維とし
ては、アクリル繊維の表層を加水分解し、芯層をなすア
クリル繊維の外側に吸水膨潤性を付与した表層をもつ二
層構造をなす吸水性繊維が挙げられる。繊維としての機
能と吸水ポリマーとしての機能との二つの機能をもつ複
合機能繊維であり、吸水により、直径が１０倍以上にも
膨張し、吸水した水を充分に保持する。From the above viewpoint, the present invention uses the water-absorbent fiber, and moreover, the fiber itself has a water-absorption swelling property more reliably than the one in which the water-absorbent resin is adhered or coated on the fiber. It is more preferable because the prevention effect can be maintained. Examples of such a fiber include a water-absorbent fiber having a two-layer structure having a surface layer obtained by hydrolyzing the surface layer of the acrylic fiber to give water-swelling property to the outside of the acrylic fiber forming the core layer. It is a composite functional fiber having two functions, that is, a function as a fiber and a function as a water-absorbing polymer, and when it absorbs water, its diameter expands 10 times or more, and the absorbed water is sufficiently retained.
【００１０】本発明において、不織布としては、嵩高不
織布を用いることが好ましい。嵩高不織布は、柔軟で引
張り強さ、耐圧縮性、復元性等に優れ比較的肉厚で嵩高
なものである。乾式で吸水性繊維をランダムに集積して
製造することができ、繊維同士の固定を接着剤やヒート
セットによらず、ニードルパンチ法によることで嵩高な
ものが得られる。接着剤やヒートセットで固定すると不
織布がペーパーライクとなり、吸水膨潤性が阻害される
傾向があるが、嵩高不織布を用いることで吸水膨潤性を
充分に発揮させることができる。In the present invention, a bulky nonwoven fabric is preferably used as the nonwoven fabric. The bulky non-woven fabric is flexible, has excellent tensile strength, compression resistance, and restoring property, and is relatively thick and bulky. It is possible to produce dry and water-absorbent fibers by randomly accumulating them, and by using the needle punching method to fix the fibers to each other without using an adhesive or heat setting, a bulky product can be obtained. When fixed with an adhesive or heat setting, the non-woven fabric becomes paper-like and tends to impair the water-absorption swelling property. However, by using a bulky non-woven fabric, the water-absorption swelling property can be sufficiently exhibited.
【００１１】不織布の目付は特に限定されるものではな
いが、用途（屋根、地下等）及び経済性を考慮すると、
通常、５０〜２００ｇ／ｍ2 の範囲のものが好ましく使
用できる。前記吸水性繊維に他の繊維を混ぜて不織布を
構成してもよい。The basis weight of the non-woven fabric is not particularly limited, but considering the use (roof, underground, etc.) and economical efficiency,
Usually, those in the range of 50 to 200 g / m 2 can be preferably used. A nonwoven fabric may be formed by mixing the water-absorbent fiber with another fiber.
【００１２】本発明において、不織布に対するアスファ
ルト層の含浸（浸透）は、不織布の厚さ全体に含浸させ
るものではなく、不織布の厚さの一部に、すなわちアス
ファルトが含浸されない厚さ部分を残して、含浸させる
ものである。含浸の程度は、使用する不織布の吸水性能
や目付、接着強度等の条件を考慮し、用途に応じて本発
明の作用効果を奏するべく決定されるものであり、特に
限定されるものではないが、通常、不織布の厚さの５〜
４０％、さらに好ましくは１０〜３０％の範囲である。
上記範囲より小さいと吸水膨張時にアスファルト層と剥
離するおそれがあり、アスファルト層と不織布とが接着
していないと漏水時の水流で不織布が移動したり、アス
ファルト層と不織布の界面を水が浸透し、止水効果が低
下しやすい。また上記範囲より大きいと吸水膨張効果が
低下しやすい。In the present invention, the impregnation (penetration) of the asphalt layer into the non-woven fabric does not impregnate the entire thickness of the non-woven fabric, but leaves a part of the thickness of the non-woven fabric, that is, a portion where the asphalt is not impregnated. , To be impregnated. The degree of impregnation is determined in consideration of the water absorption performance and basis weight of the nonwoven fabric to be used, conditions such as adhesive strength, and the like so as to achieve the action and effect of the present invention depending on the application, and is not particularly limited. , Usually 5 to the thickness of the non-woven fabric
The range is 40%, more preferably 10 to 30%.
If it is less than the above range, it may peel off from the asphalt layer during water absorption expansion, and if the asphalt layer and the non-woven fabric are not adhered, the non-woven fabric may move due to water flow during water leakage, or water may penetrate the interface between the asphalt layer and the non-woven fabric. , The water blocking effect tends to decrease. On the other hand, if it exceeds the above range, the water absorption expansion effect tends to be lowered.
【００１３】不織布に対するアスファルト層の含浸、接
着は、ルーフィング製造時、コーティングしたアスファ
ルトの温度が低下しないうちに、不織布を張り合わせ、
圧着することにより行うことができ、この時の温度を調
整することにより、アスファルト層の不織布に対する含
浸の厚さを容易に調整することができる。The asphalt layer is impregnated and adhered to the non-woven fabric by laminating the non-woven fabric before manufacturing the roofing and before the temperature of the coated asphalt is lowered.
This can be performed by pressure bonding, and by adjusting the temperature at this time, the thickness of the asphalt layer impregnated into the nonwoven fabric can be easily adjusted.
【００１４】[0014]
【作用】本発明の防水シートは建造物等の防水工事に用
いられ、防水層の欠陥部より浸入した水は吸水性繊維よ
りなる不織布に吸水、保持され、建造物内部への空隙部
は閉塞されて水の浸入が遮られ、また、不織布にアスフ
ァルト層を含浸させて接着したので両者は強固に一体化
されており、吸水により両者が剥離することなく、漏水
を防止できる。The waterproof sheet of the present invention is used for waterproofing of a building, etc., and the water infiltrated from the defective portion of the waterproof layer is absorbed and retained by the nonwoven fabric made of the water-absorbent fiber, and the void portion inside the building is closed. As a result, the infiltration of water is blocked, and since the non-woven fabric is impregnated with the asphalt layer and bonded, the two are firmly integrated, and the two can be prevented from leaking without being separated due to water absorption.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】ＪＩＳ Ａ６０２２に規定するストレッチル
ーフィング（ＡＲ）と、ＪＩＳＡ６０１３に規定する改
質アスファルトルーフィング（ＭＲ）、吸水性不織布と
してアクリル繊維の表層を加水分解し、吸水膨潤性を付
与した二層構造を有する吸水性繊維（東洋紡製、商品名
ランシール）を用いた嵩高不織布（１８０ｇ／ｍ2 ）を
使用し、各種試料を作成した。試料の中央に２ｃｍの十
文字の切れ目を入れ、水圧試験を行い、漏水の有無と、
試験終了後のルーフィングと不織布の剥がれ及び不織布
の吸水の状況を観察した。水圧試験は１ｋｇ／ｃｍ3 で
１時間行った。[Examples] Stretch roofing (AR) specified in JIS A6022, modified asphalt roofing (MR) specified in JIS A6013, and a two-layer structure in which the surface layer of acrylic fiber as a water-absorbent nonwoven fabric is hydrolyzed to impart water-swelling property. Various samples were prepared using a bulky non-woven fabric (180 g / m 2 ) using a water-absorbent fiber (trade name: Lanseal, manufactured by Toyobo) having the above. Make a 2 cm cross in the center of the sample and perform a water pressure test to check if there is any water leakage.
After the test, the roofing and the peeling of the non-woven fabric and the water absorption state of the non-woven fabric were observed. The water pressure test was conducted at 1 kg / cm 3 for 1 hour.
【００１６】ＡＲ又はＭＲと上記嵩高不織布とを張り合
わせてアスファルト含浸厚さを０．２ｍｍ（１０％）と
したもの並びにＡＲと上記嵩高不織布とを張り合わせて
アスファルト含浸厚さを０．６ｍｍ（３０％）としたも
のは、いずれも漏水は全く見られず、試験終了後の試料
状況に異状はなく、不織布のきわめて局部的な吸水でと
どまり、漏水防止効果がきわめて高いことが確認され
た。AR or MR and the above-mentioned bulky non-woven fabric are laminated to have an asphalt impregnated thickness of 0.2 mm (10%), and AR and MR are laminated together to have an asphalt-impregnated thickness of 0.6 mm (30%). No water leakage was observed at all, and the situation of the sample after the test was not abnormal, and it was confirmed that the non-woven fabric stayed only with extremely localized water absorption, and the water leakage prevention effect was extremely high.
【００１７】ＡＲと上記嵩高不織布とを張り合わせてア
スファルト含浸厚さを０．１ｍｍ（５％）としたものは
漏水はないが、ルーフィングと不織布に剥がれの徴候が
みられ、吸水範囲がやや広がっていた。ＡＲと上記嵩高
不織布とを張り合わせてアスファルト含浸厚さを０．７
ｍｍ（３５％）としたものは試験終了後の試料状況に異
状はなく、不織布のきわめて局部的な吸水でとどまって
いたが、５０分経過後にわずかながら漏水がみられた。
したがって、上記の例では不織布に対するアスファルト
層の含浸の厚さは、不織布の厚さの１０〜３０％の範囲
が好ましい。The asphalt impregnated thickness of 0.1 mm (5%) obtained by adhering AR and the above-mentioned bulky non-woven fabric has no water leakage, but the roofing and the non-woven fabric show signs of peeling and the water absorption range is slightly widened. It was The asphalt impregnation thickness is 0.7 by laminating AR and the above-mentioned bulky nonwoven fabric.
In the case of mm (35%), there was no abnormality in the sample state after the end of the test, and the non-woven fabric stayed due to extremely localized water absorption, but a slight water leakage was observed after 50 minutes.
Therefore, in the above example, the thickness of the asphalt layer impregnated into the nonwoven fabric is preferably in the range of 10 to 30% of the thickness of the nonwoven fabric.
【００１８】なお、ＡＲと、吸水性樹脂を充填した不織
布（ポリプロピレンニードルパンチ品）とを張り合わせ
てアスファルト含浸厚さを０．６ｍｍ（３０％）とした
ものは漏水はみられなかったものの、不織布の広い範囲
に吸水があり、前述のとおり吸水による樹脂の移動が生
じるため長期的な効果の持続は期待できない。It should be noted that although the AR and the non-woven fabric filled with the water-absorbent resin (polypropylene needle punch product) were laminated to have an asphalt impregnation thickness of 0.6 mm (30%), no water leakage was observed, but the non-woven fabric There is water absorption in a wide range and the resin migration due to water absorption occurs as described above, so long-term effects cannot be expected.
【００１９】さらに、上記のＭＲと上記嵩高不織布とを
張り合わせてアスファルト含浸厚さを０．６ｍｍ（３０
％）とした防水シートについて、その効果を確認するべ
く、日本建築学会「建築工事標準仕様書」ＪＡＳＳ ８
「防水工事」に定める性能評価試験方法のうち水密試験
を行った。不織布は改質アスファルトルーフィングの幅
１ｍに対し、９０ｃｍ幅のものを使用し、１０ｃｍは防
水シートの重ね部とした。この防水シートを水密試験用
箱の内側に張り、通常の防水と同様に、改質アスファル
トシートの重ね部は、トーチバーナーで溶接させながら
接着させた。施工が完了し水を張り、漏水のないことを
確認後、さらに防水シートに傷をつけ漏水が生じるか否
か確認したが、漏水は見られず、本発明による効果が確
認された。Furthermore, the above-mentioned MR and the above-mentioned bulky non-woven fabric are bonded together to give an asphalt impregnation thickness of 0.6 mm (30 mm).
%), To confirm the effect of the waterproof sheet, "Architectural Construction Standard Specification" JASS 8
The watertightness test was performed among the performance evaluation test methods specified in "Waterproofing". The non-woven fabric used had a width of 90 cm with respect to a width of 1 m of the modified asphalt roofing, and 10 cm was used as the overlapping portion of the waterproof sheet. This waterproof sheet was attached to the inside of the watertight test box, and the laminated portion of the modified asphalt sheet was bonded by welding with a torch burner as in the case of normal waterproofing. After the construction was completed and water was filled and it was confirmed that there was no water leakage, it was further checked whether the waterproof sheet was scratched and water leakage occurred, but no water leakage was observed and the effect of the present invention was confirmed.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明に係る防水
シートによれば、防水層の欠陥等による漏水を防止する
ことができる。また、その製造も接着剤等を用いる必要
もなく容易であるのでその効果はきわめて大きい。As described above, according to the waterproof sheet of the present invention, it is possible to prevent water leakage due to defects in the waterproof layer. Further, the production is easy without the need of using an adhesive agent or the like, so that the effect is extremely large.
Claims (5)
用いた不織布を、該不織布の厚さの一部に前記アスファ
ルト層を含浸させて、接着してなる防水シート。1. A waterproof sheet obtained by bonding a non-woven fabric using water-absorbent fibers to one side of an asphalt layer by impregnating the non-woven fabric in a part of the thickness of the non-woven fabric and adhering the non-woven fabric.
性を有するものである請求項１記載の防水シート。2. The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbent fibers themselves are water-swellable.
の外側に吸水膨潤性を備えた表層をもつ二層構造をなす
吸水性繊維を用いた嵩高不織布である請求項２記載の防
水シート。3. The waterproof sheet according to claim 2, wherein the non-woven fabric is a bulky non-woven fabric using a water-absorbent fiber having a two-layer structure having a surface layer having a water-absorption swelling property on the outer side of an acrylic fiber forming a core layer.
ァルト層を含浸させた請求項１，２又は３記載の防水シ
ート。4. The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the asphalt layer is impregnated with 10% to 30% of the thickness of the nonwoven fabric.
なる請求項１，２，３又は４記載の防水シート。5. The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the asphalt layer is made of modified asphalt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6071281A JP2772908B2 (en) | 1994-03-17 | 1994-03-17 | Tarpaulin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6071281A JP2772908B2 (en) | 1994-03-17 | 1994-03-17 | Tarpaulin |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07256815A true JPH07256815A (en) | 1995-10-09 |
| JP2772908B2 JP2772908B2 (en) | 1998-07-09 |
Family
ID=13456175
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6071281A Expired - Fee Related JP2772908B2 (en) | 1994-03-17 | 1994-03-17 | Tarpaulin |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2772908B2 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| JPS6428699A (en) * | 1987-07-23 | 1989-01-31 | Fujitsu Ltd | Continuous voice recognition system |
| JPH047200U (en) * | 1990-05-01 | 1992-01-22 |
-
1994
- 1994-03-17 JP JP6071281A patent/JP2772908B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6136358U (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-03-06 | 亀水化学工業株式会社 | casting equipment |
| JPS62266A (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1987-01-06 | ザ ユニバ−シテイ オブ ケンタツキ− リサ−チ フアウンデ−シヨン | Lac+ saccharomyces cersiviae |
| JPS6428699A (en) * | 1987-07-23 | 1989-01-31 | Fujitsu Ltd | Continuous voice recognition system |
| JPH047200U (en) * | 1990-05-01 | 1992-01-22 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2772908B2 (en) | 1998-07-09 |
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