JPH0725594B2 - How to bond ceramics - Google Patents
How to bond ceramicsInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0725594B2 JPH0725594B2 JP60205960A JP20596085A JPH0725594B2 JP H0725594 B2 JPH0725594 B2 JP H0725594B2 JP 60205960 A JP60205960 A JP 60205960A JP 20596085 A JP20596085 A JP 20596085A JP H0725594 B2 JPH0725594 B2 JP H0725594B2
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- ceramics
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ＜産業上の利用分野＞ 本発明は、通電経路を形成するためのアーク放電と被接
着面付近を加熱するためのジユール熱とを用いる高温に
おいて導電性を有するセラミツクスの接着方法に関する
ものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention is directed to a ceramics having conductivity at high temperature using arc discharge for forming a current-carrying path and juule heat for heating the vicinity of a surface to be adhered. It relates to a bonding method.
＜従来の技術及びその問題点＞ 従来、セラミツクスの接着は、被接着物間に接着剤を介
在させ、または介在させることなく、電気炉等を用いて
熱処理するすることにより行われている。しかしながら
このような方法では、大型品、異型品、長形品等を接着
するには、容積の大きな加熱炉を必要とし、加熱エネル
ギーの損失が大きいという欠点がある。また、酸化雰囲
気中で行なう場合には、セラミツクスの全面が酸化され
易いという欠点もある。<Prior Art and Problems Thereof> Conventionally, the ceramics are adhered by interposing an adhesive between the adherends or by performing a heat treatment using an electric furnace or the like without intervening. However, such a method has a drawback that a heating furnace having a large volume is required for adhering a large-sized product, a deformed product, a long product, and the like, and a large amount of heating energy is lost. Further, when the process is performed in an oxidizing atmosphere, there is a drawback that the entire surface of the ceramic is easily oxidized.
そこで、大型品等の接着を行なうには、接着部のみを加
熱する局部加熱方法が行なわれている。局部加熱方法と
しては、レーザー、高周波加熱、電子ビーム加熱、油中
での放電加熱などの方法が知られているが、これらの方
法では、試料予熱や雰囲気調整のめたの大型チヤンバー
が必要となつたり、或いは大出力ビーム電源やそれらの
収束装置が必要となる等設備面において不経済であると
いう問題点がある。Therefore, in order to bond large-sized products or the like, a local heating method of heating only the bonded portion is performed. Laser heating, high frequency heating, electron beam heating, discharge heating in oil, etc. are known as local heating methods, but these methods require a large chamber for sample preheating and atmosphere adjustment. There is a problem that it is uneconomical in terms of equipment, such as the need for a drip or a high output beam power source and a converging device for them.
また電融耐火物をアーク熱によつて溶接する方法では、
機械的構造物として使用するセラミツクスの接合部に要
求される接合強度または気密性が得られないという問題
点がある。In addition, in the method of welding electrofused refractory by arc heat,
There is a problem that the bonding strength or airtightness required for the bonding part of the ceramics used as a mechanical structure cannot be obtained.
＜問題点を解決するための手段＞ 本発明の接着方法は、上記の従来技術の問題点を改良
し、少なくとも一方が高温において導電性を有するセラ
ミツクス相互の接着方法において、吹管とセラミツクス
端部との通電経路を形成するためのアーク放電とセラミ
ツクスの接着面を加熱するためのジユール熱とを利用し
た局部加熱方法であって、高温において導電性を有する
セラミツクスを重ねたときに、接着面の隙間にアーク放
電を生じない精度に加工して重ね、セラミツクスの接着
面の両側に少なくとも１対の吹管を燃焼性ガスの噴出孔
が接着両端部に向かうように設置し、その吹管からのガ
ス炎で接着面端部を加熱すると共に、その吹管間に高電
圧を印加してアーク放電を開始させて、吹管と被接着面
端部との間にアーク放電による通電経路を形成し、被接
着体セラミツクスの接着面付近は、被接着体セラミック
スの抵抗値と被接着体セラミツクスに通電する電流値と
によつて定まるジユール熱によつてセラミツクスを加熱
接合させる接着方法である。<Means for Solving Problems> The bonding method of the present invention improves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and at least one of them has conductivity at high temperature. Is a local heating method using arc discharge to form the current-carrying path of the and the Jewil heat for heating the bonding surface of the ceramics, and when the ceramics having conductivity at high temperature are stacked, a gap between the bonding surfaces is formed. Are processed and piled up so that arc discharge does not occur, and at least one pair of blow pipes are installed on both sides of the ceramic bonding surface so that the ejection holes of the combustible gas face both ends of the bonding, and the gas flame from the blow pipe While heating the end of the bonding surface, a high voltage is applied between the blowing tubes to start arc discharge, and an energization path by arc discharge is established between the blowing tube and the end of the bonded surface. A bonding method in which the ceramics are heated and bonded near the bonding surface of the ceramics to be bonded by heat generated by the juule heat determined by the resistance value of the ceramics to be bonded and the value of the current applied to the ceramics to be bonded.
本発明において、高温において導電性を有するセラミツ
クスとは、800℃以上の温度で1,000〜10,000V程度の電
圧を印加して、吹管と被接着面端部との間でアーク放電
を開始させることにより、数10mA程度以上の電流が流れ
るセラミツクスをいい、常温において導電性を有するか
否かは問題とはならない。In the present invention, the ceramics having conductivity at high temperature, by applying a voltage of about 1,000 ~ 10,000V at a temperature of 800 ℃ or more, by starting arc discharge between the blow tube and the end of the surface to be bonded , Refers to a ceramic that allows a current of several tens of mA or more to flow, and it does not matter whether or not it has conductivity at room temperature.
本発明が適用できるセラミツクスとしては、具体的に
は、ランタンクロマイト、酸化スズ等を例示できる。ま
た、アルミナ、ジルコニア、コーヂライト等は、SiO2,A
l2O3,Fe2O3等のガラス成分を含むので、高温においてガ
ラス分のイオン伝導により導電性を示し、依つて本発明
の方法を適用できる。接着を行なうセラミツクスは、両
者同一であつてもよく、又異なつてもよい。異なるセラ
ミツクスの接合を行なう場合には、少なくとも一方が高
温において導電性を有するものであれば接着を行なうこ
とができる。Specific examples of ceramics to which the present invention can be applied include lanthanum chromite and tin oxide. Moreover, alumina, zirconia, Kodjiraito etc., SiO 2, A
Since it contains a glass component such as l 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 , it exhibits conductivity at high temperatures due to ionic conduction of the glass component, and thus the method of the present invention can be applied. The ceramics to be bonded may be the same or different. When bonding different ceramics, bonding can be performed if at least one of them has conductivity at high temperature.
本発明の方法では、まずセラミツクスの接着面の表面粗
さ（Rmax）を例えば２〜10［μｍ］程度で、接着面のう
ねりを含めた最大の隙間を例えば50［μｍ］以下の精度
に加工して、接着部分を重ねた後、接着面の両側に少な
くとも１対の吹管を設置する。このとき、吹管は、接着
面端部から適当な距離をあけ、吹管の燃焼性ガス噴出孔
が接着面端部に向かうように配置される。In the method of the present invention, first, the surface roughness (Rmax) of the bonding surface of the ceramic is, for example, about 2 to 10 [μm], and the maximum gap including the waviness of the bonding surface is processed to an accuracy of, for example, 50 [μm] or less. Then, after stacking the bonded portions, at least one pair of blow pipes are installed on both sides of the bonded surface. At this time, the blow tube is arranged with an appropriate distance from the end of the bonding surface, and the combustible gas injection holes of the blow tube are arranged toward the end of the bonding surface.
次いで、吹管からのガス炎により接着面端部を加熱する
と共に、これらの吹管間に1,000〜10,000Vの直流又は交
流の電圧を印加して、吹管と被接着面端部との間でアー
ク放電を開始させてこれらの間にアーク放電による通電
経路を形成する。ガス炎により高温に加熱された接着部
分のセラミツクスは、導電性が高くなり、吹管からのガ
ス炎により運ばれた電荷は、接着部分のセラミツクスを
通過して、両極間は、通電される。このとき、セラミツ
クスの接着面の表面粗さ及びうねりが、セラミツクスが
重ね合わされたときに、隙間にアークが発生しない精度
に加工されているために、接着部分にアークを発生させ
ないで、セラミツクスに生じる抵抗熱、即ちジユール熱
によつて切着部分のセラミツクスは短時間に加熱され、
セラミツクスは相互に加熱接合して強固に接合される。
この加熱時には、加熱接合部分は、加熱により抵抗が低
下して、電流が急激に増加する傾向となる。従つて、電
流が必要以上に増加することを防止して、セラミツクス
の種類に応じた適正な電流値に保つことが必要となる。
このためには、サイリスタ等を使用する電流制御回路を
組み込むなどの電流制御方法を採ればよい。Then, the ends of the bonding surface are heated by the gas flame from the blow tube, and a DC or AC voltage of 1,000 to 10,000 V is applied between these blow tubes to cause arc discharge between the blow tube and the end of the adhered surface. Is started to form an energization path by arc discharge therebetween. The ceramic of the bonded portion heated to a high temperature by the gas flame becomes highly conductive, and the electric charge carried by the gas flame from the blower tube passes through the ceramic of the bonded portion, and the two electrodes are energized. At this time, the surface roughness and waviness of the bonding surface of the ceramics are generated in the ceramics without generating an arc in the bonding portion because the ceramics are processed with a precision such that no arc is generated in the gap when the ceramics are overlapped. Due to the resistance heat, that is, the juule heat, the ceramics of the cut portion is heated in a short time,
The ceramics are heat-bonded to each other and firmly bonded.
At the time of this heating, the resistance of the heat-bonded portion decreases due to heating, and the current tends to increase rapidly. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the current from increasing more than necessary and to keep the current value appropriate for the type of ceramics.
For this purpose, a current control method such as incorporating a current control circuit using a thyristor or the like may be adopted.
セラミツクスの接着は、ガス炎による加熱後、セラミツ
クス又は吹管を移動させる必要がない接着面積が小さい
場合には、通常10〜30秒程度の通電により終了する。接
着面が広い場合には、適当な移動手段によつてセラミツ
クス又は吹管を移動させながら接着を行なえばよく、ま
た吹管を複数対設けることによつて広い範囲を同時に接
着することもできる。The bonding of the ceramics is usually finished by applying a current for about 10 to 30 seconds when the bonding area where the ceramics or the blow tube does not need to be moved after heating by the gas flame is small. When the bonding surface is wide, the bonding may be carried out while moving the ceramics or the blowing tube by an appropriate moving means, and a wide range can be bonded simultaneously by providing a plurality of pairs of blowing tubes.
被接着体セラミツクスとして平板状のセラミツクスを用
い、この側面部の接着を行なう場合についての概略図を
第１図に示す。第１図において、被接着体セラミツクス
（１）及び（２）の接着面を重ねた後、吹管（３）及び
（４）を被接着セラミツクスの接着面の端部に向けて接
着面の両側に設置する。次いで、ガス炎（５）及び
（６）により接着部端部を両側から加熱する。接着面が
容易に加熱されて通電され易くなるように両吹管によつ
て挟まれる部分のセラミツクスの接着部の長さは、でき
るだけ短かくなるようにすることが適切である。従つて
第１図の場合には、被接着体セラミツクスの接着面の長
辺に向けて吹管（３）及び（４）の燃焼性ガス噴出孔を
設置すればよい。次いで、吹管（３）及び（４）の間に
電源（７）により電圧を印加すると、吹管（３）と吹管
（３）側のセラミツクス端部とがアーク放電して吹管と
セラミツクス端部との通過経路を形成し、セラミツクス
の接着面には、アークが発生する隙間がないために、セ
ラミツクス接着部である導電性を帯びた表面付近のセラ
ミツクス自体を電流が流れ、同時に反対側の吹管（４）
側のセラミツクス端部と吹管（４）とがアーク放電する
ことにより、被接着体の接合を行ないながらセラミツク
ス又は吹管を適当な移動手段（図示せず）によつて移動
させて、接着部の全面の接着を行なう。FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a case where a flat plate-like ceramic is used as the adherend ceramic and the side surface is adhered. In FIG. 1, after adhering the adhering surfaces of the adherend ceramics (1) and (2), the blow pipes (3) and (4) are directed toward the ends of the adhering surface of the adherent ceramics on both sides of the adhering surface. Install. Next, the end portions of the bonded portion are heated from both sides by gas flames (5) and (6). It is appropriate that the length of the bonding portion of the ceramics, which is the portion sandwiched by the two blowing tubes, be as short as possible so that the bonding surface is easily heated and easily energized. Therefore, in the case of FIG. 1, the combustible gas ejection holes of the blow pipes (3) and (4) may be installed toward the long side of the adhesion surface of the adherend ceramics. Next, when a voltage is applied by the power supply (7) between the blow pipes (3) and (4), the blow pipe (3) and the ceramic end portion on the blow pipe (3) side are arc-discharged, and the blow pipe and the ceramic end portion are discharged. Since there is no gap in which an arc is generated on the bonding surface of the ceramics that forms a passage, an electric current flows through the ceramics itself near the conductive surface that is the bonding portion of the ceramics, and at the same time the blowing tube (4 )
When the end of the ceramics on the side and the blow pipe (4) are arc-discharged, the ceramics or the blow pipe is moved by an appropriate moving means (not shown) while joining the adherends, and the entire surface of the bonded portion is moved. Adhere to.
本発明で使用できる吹管としては、特に限定はなく、導
電性を有し、かつ耐熱性のあるものであればよく、例え
ば、黄銅、銅、タングステン、カーボン、モリブデン等
を材質とするものが使用できる。吹管とセラミツクスと
の距離は、吹管からのガス炎が接着面の端部に到達する
ように設定する。燃焼ガスとしては、都市ガス、プロパ
ンガス、水素・酸素ガス等の燃焼性ガスを適宜単独又は
混合して用いればよい。The blow tube that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited, as long as it has conductivity and heat resistance, for example, those made of brass, copper, tungsten, carbon, molybdenum, etc. are used. it can. The distance between the blow tube and the ceramic is set so that the gas flame from the blow tube reaches the end of the bonding surface. As the combustion gas, combustible gases such as city gas, propane gas and hydrogen / oxygen gas may be used alone or in combination.
また、ガス炎による加熱に先立つて被接着体を約800℃
以上に加熱しておくことが、スポーリング防止上好まし
い。Also, prior to heating with a gas flame, the adherend should be heated to approximately 800 ° C.
It is preferable to heat above to prevent spalling.
本発明の方法では、ガス炎により高温に加熱することに
よつてセラミツクスの導電性を向上させることができ、
その結果1,000〜10,000V程度の電圧でアーク放電を開始
させて吹管とセラミツクス間の通電経路を形成すると、
電流が大きくなつて、セラミツクスを加熱接合させるた
めに充分なジユール熱を生じさせることができる。In the method of the present invention, it is possible to improve the conductivity of the ceramics by heating to a high temperature by a gas flame,
As a result, when the arc discharge is started at a voltage of about 1,000 to 10,000 V and the energization path between the blow tube and the ceramic is formed,
As the electric current increases, sufficient Jewil heat can be generated to heat bond the ceramics.
＜発明の効果＞ 本発明の接着方法は、通電経路を形成するアーク放電と
セラミツクスを加熱するジユール熱とを利用した局部通
電加熱方式であるので、次の効果を有する。<Advantages of the Invention> Since the bonding method of the present invention is a local electrification heating method that uses arc discharge that forms an energization path and Jewil heat that heats the ceramics, it has the following effects.
接着剤が不要である。No adhesive is needed.
試料の形状に限定されることなく、突合せ面を接着す
ることができる。The abutting surface can be adhered without being limited to the shape of the sample.
加熱炉を使用しないために、大形構造物、化学プラン
ト等の現地施工が可能である。Since no heating furnace is used, large-scale structures, chemical plants, etc. can be installed on site.
加熱炉を使用しないために、高温度を短時間に得るこ
とができ、高温における接合強度が得やすい。Since no heating furnace is used, a high temperature can be obtained in a short time, and the bonding strength at a high temperature can be easily obtained.
短時間で接合することができ、省エネになる。It can be joined in a short time and saves energy.
セラミツクスの接着部と非接触であるので、吹管とセ
ラミツクスとの相対移動時に、接着部に損傷を与えるこ
とがない。Since it is not in contact with the adhesive portion of the ceramic, the adhesive portion is not damaged when the blow tube and the ceramic are moved relative to each other.
接着面全面を高温度のアークと接触させないので、接
着面の分解による凹凸の発生及び熱衝撃によるクラック
の発生を防止して接合強度を大にすることができる。Since the entire bonding surface is not brought into contact with the high-temperature arc, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of irregularities due to the decomposition of the bonding surface and the generation of cracks due to thermal shock, thereby increasing the bonding strength.
接合中の間隙を極めて小さくしているので、接合後の
接合面に気孔が発生することを防止して接合強度を大に
することができる。Since the gap during bonding is extremely small, it is possible to prevent the generation of pores on the bonded surface after bonding and increase the bonding strength.
ジユール熱を利用するので、通電電流の電流値、通電
時間、通電時間の経過に対する通電電流波形等の入熱制
御が、アーク放電よりも容易にすることができるので、
熱衝撃に弱いセラミツクスを高強度で接合することがで
きる。Since the heat of the jule is used, the heat input control of the current value of the energizing current, the energizing time, and the energizing current waveform with respect to the passage of the energizing time can be made easier than the arc discharge.
It is possible to bond ceramics, which are weak against thermal shock, with high strength.
＜実施例＞ 以下、実施例を示して本発明を詳細に説明する。<Examples> Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples.
実施例１ 導電性を有するセラミツクスであるランタンクロマイト
板（厚さ10mm,長さ10cm,幅5cm）２枚を用い、接着剤を
介在させることなく10mm×10cmの面を重ねた。次いで、
２個の吹管を、燃焼性ガスの噴出孔が対向するように設
置し、ガス炎による加熱後、5,000Vの電圧を印加してア
ーク放電を開始した。５秒後に、電圧300V、電流0.7Aと
なり、以後0.7Aを保つた。次いで、ランタンクロマイト
板を接着面の長さ方向に5cm/minの速度で移動させなが
ら通電を続けて、接着面全体の接着を行なつた。接着強
度は、29kg/mm2であつた。Example 1 Two lanthanum chromite plates (thickness 10 mm, length 10 cm, width 5 cm) which are conductive ceramics were used, and 10 mm × 10 cm surfaces were stacked without interposing an adhesive. Then
Two blow tubes were installed so that the combustible gas ejection holes face each other, and after heating with a gas flame, a voltage of 5,000 V was applied to start arc discharge. After 5 seconds, the voltage was 300 V and the current was 0.7 A, and 0.7 A was maintained thereafter. Next, the lanthanum chromite plate was moved in the length direction of the bonding surface at a speed of 5 cm / min to continue energization to bond the entire bonding surface. The adhesive strength was 29 kg / mm 2 .
実施例２ 高温においてイオン導電性を示すガラス成分を含有する
セラミツクスであるAl2O3板（厚さ10mm,長さ10cm,幅5c
m）２板を用い、接着剤を介在させることなく10mm×10c
mの面を重ねた。次いで、実施例１と同様にして吹管を
設置し、ガス炎による加熱後、7,000Vの電圧を印加して
アーク放電を開始した。５秒後に、電圧500V及び電流1A
となり、以後1Aを保つた。次いでAl2O3板を接着面の長
さ方向に5cm/minの速度で移動させながら通電を続け
て、接着面全体の接着を行なつた。接着強度は、22kg/m
m2であつた。Example 2 Al 2 O 3 plate (thickness 10 mm, length 10 cm, width 5 c, which is a ceramic containing a glass component that exhibits ionic conductivity at high temperature.
m) 2 plates, 10mm × 10c without any adhesive
Layered m faces. Next, a blow tube was installed in the same manner as in Example 1, and after heating with a gas flame, a voltage of 7,000 V was applied to start arc discharge. 5 seconds later, voltage 500V and current 1A
And kept 1A thereafter. Next, the Al 2 O 3 plate was moved in the lengthwise direction of the bonding surface at a speed of 5 cm / min to continue energization to bond the entire bonding surface. Adhesive strength is 22kg / m
It was m 2 .
第１図は、本発明方法の実施態様の一例を示す図であ
る。（１）及び（２）はセラミツクス、（３）及び
（４）は電極を兼ねる吹管、（５）及び（６）はガス
炎、（７）は電源である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an embodiment of the method of the present invention. (1) and (2) are ceramics, (3) and (4) are blow tubes that also serve as electrodes, (5) and (6) are gas flames, and (7) is a power source.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特公 昭40−26908（ＪＰ，Ｂ１) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Patent Publication Sho 40-26908 (JP, B1)
Claims (1)
クスを重ねたとき接着面の隙間にアーク放電が生じない
精度に加工して重ね、 ii）接着面の両側に少なくとも１対の吹管を、燃焼性ガ
スの噴出孔が接着面端部に向かうように設置し、 iii）吹管からのガス炎により接着面端部を加熱すると
共に、吹管間に1000〜10000Vの直流又は交流電圧を印加
してアーク放電を開始させて、吹管と被接着面端部との
間にアーク放電による通電経路を形成し、被接着体セラ
ミツクスの接着面付近は、被接着体セラミックスの抵抗
値と被接着体セラミツクスに通電する電流値とによつて
定まるジユール熱によつて加熱するセラミツクスの接着
方法。Claims: 1. i) When ceramics having conductivity at high temperature are superposed and processed so that arc discharge does not occur in the gap between the adhering surfaces, and ii) at least one pair of blow pipes are burned on both sides of the adhering surface. Installed so that the emission holes of the characteristic gas are directed toward the end of the bonding surface, and iii) heating the end of the bonding surface with a gas flame from the blow tube and applying a DC or AC voltage of 1000 to 10000 V between the blow tubes to create an arc. Electric discharge is started to form an energization path by arc discharge between the blow tube and the end of the surface to be adhered, and the resistance value of the ceramic to be adhered and the ceramic to be adhered are energized near the adhesion surface of the ceramic to be adhered. A method for adhering ceramics which is heated by means of Jyuhl's heat which is determined by the applied current value.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60205960A JPH0725594B2 (en) | 1985-09-17 | 1985-09-17 | How to bond ceramics |
| US06/900,778 US4724020A (en) | 1985-09-17 | 1986-08-27 | Method for jointing ceramic elements |
| CA000518306A CA1256511A (en) | 1985-09-17 | 1986-09-16 | Method for joining ceramic elements |
| EP86112827A EP0218943B1 (en) | 1985-09-17 | 1986-09-17 | Method for jointing ceramic elements |
| DE8686112827T DE3667781D1 (en) | 1985-09-17 | 1986-09-17 | METHOD FOR CONNECTING CERAMIC OBJECTS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60205960A JPH0725594B2 (en) | 1985-09-17 | 1985-09-17 | How to bond ceramics |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6265986A JPS6265986A (en) | 1987-03-25 |
| JPH0725594B2 true JPH0725594B2 (en) | 1995-03-22 |
Family
ID=16515553
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60205960A Expired - Lifetime JPH0725594B2 (en) | 1985-09-17 | 1985-09-17 | How to bond ceramics |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0725594B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63307172A (en) * | 1987-06-05 | 1988-12-14 | Daihen Corp | Electrical bonding of ceramics |
| JP2706726B2 (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1998-01-28 | 株式会社ダイヘン | Electric joining method of ceramics |
| DE69130104T2 (en) * | 1990-06-13 | 1999-04-08 | Daihen Corp | ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE ADHESIVE FOR CERAMICS |
| US5368673A (en) | 1990-06-28 | 1994-11-29 | Daihen Corporation | Joining method for joining electrically ceramic bodies and a joining apparatus and joining agent for use in the joining method |
-
1985
- 1985-09-17 JP JP60205960A patent/JPH0725594B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6265986A (en) | 1987-03-25 |
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