JPH07233730A - Mechanical supercharger - Google Patents
Mechanical superchargerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07233730A JPH07233730A JP2430394A JP2430394A JPH07233730A JP H07233730 A JPH07233730 A JP H07233730A JP 2430394 A JP2430394 A JP 2430394A JP 2430394 A JP2430394 A JP 2430394A JP H07233730 A JPH07233730 A JP H07233730A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- spool
- air compressor
- valve seat
- internal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
Landscapes
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、吸気を加圧してエン
ジンに供給する機械式過給機に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mechanical supercharger that pressurizes intake air and supplies it to an engine.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】公開実用平成３−８６９０号公報に機械
式過給機が記載されている。機械式過給機に用いられる
エアコンプレッサの代表的なものにスクリュ形とルーツ
形とがある。スクリュ形は一対のスクリュ形ロータの間
で吸気を圧送するもので内部で吸気が圧縮される圧縮型
である。一方、ルーツ型は断面が繭形の一対のロータで
吸気を送り出すもので内部圧縮を伴わない非圧縮型であ
る。2. Description of the Related Art A mechanical supercharger is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-8690. A screw type and a roots type are typical air compressors used for mechanical superchargers. The screw type pumps intake air between a pair of screw rotors, and is a compression type in which the intake air is compressed. On the other hand, the roots type is a non-compression type that does not involve internal compression, and sends out intake air with a pair of cocoon-shaped rotors.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】図４はエアコンプレッ
サの流量Ｑと圧力比Ｐ2 ／Ｐ1 （Ｐ1 は吸入側圧力、Ｐ
2 は吐出側圧力）のグラフである。グラフ２０１，２０
３、グラフ２０５，２０７、グラフ２０９，２１１はこ
の順で駆動力を大きくしたときのそれぞれルーツ形とス
クリュ形の特性を示している。スクリュ形は上記のよう
に内部圧縮により吸気が高圧になるからエンジン負荷の
高い状態で高圧になるエンジンへの過給効率が良く、一
方ルーツ形は吐出側で発生する逆流により効率が落ち
る。従って、図４の各グラフが示すように、圧力比が高
い範囲（エンジンの高負荷側）ではスクリュ形の方が流
量Ｑが多く、効率が良い。FIG. 4 shows the flow rate Q of the air compressor and the pressure ratio P 2 / P 1 (P 1 is the suction side pressure, P
2 is a graph of discharge side pressure). Graph 201, 20
3, graphs 205 and 207, and graphs 209 and 211 show roots-type and screw-type characteristics when the driving force is increased in this order. Since the screw type has a high intake pressure due to internal compression as described above, it has a high supercharging efficiency to an engine that has a high pressure when the engine load is high. Therefore, as shown in the graphs of FIG. 4, in the range where the pressure ratio is high (the high load side of the engine), the screw type has a larger flow rate Q and is more efficient.
【０００４】しかし、市街地走行のように大きな過給圧
を必要としない部分負荷のときもスクリュ形は内部圧縮
により必要以上の過給圧を発生させ余分な動力を使うか
ら、図４の圧力比ａ以下の範囲（矢印２１３で示す部分
負荷域）ではルーツ形より効率が悪い。However, even in a partial load where a large supercharging pressure is not required, such as when driving in an urban area, the screw type generates an excessive supercharging pressure by internal compression and uses extra power. Therefore, the pressure ratio shown in FIG. In the range of a or less (partial load range indicated by arrow 213), the efficiency is lower than that of the roots type.
【０００５】そこで、この発明は、スクリュ形エアコン
プレッサを用いながら部分負荷域でもルーツ形と同等の
効率が得られる機械式過給機の提供を目的とする。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical supercharger which uses a screw type air compressor and can obtain the same efficiency as the roots type even in a partial load range.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明の機械式過給機
はエンジンの駆動力により、回転駆動され相対回転する
一対のスクリュ形ロータの間で吸気を圧送してエンジン
に供給するスクリュ形エアコンプレッサと、このエアコ
ンプレッサの吐出口側とロータの内部圧縮側とを連通す
るバイパス路と、このバイパス路に設けられたバルブシ
ートと、前記吐出口側の外部圧力を一側に受けてバルブ
シートには押圧され、他側にロータの内部圧縮側の内部
圧力を受けるスプールとを備え、内部圧力が設定値より
大きい場合にスプールがバルブシートから移動するよう
に一側と他側との受圧面積比を決めたことを特徴とす
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A mechanical supercharger of the present invention is a screw type air compressor for feeding intake air between a pair of screw type rotors that are rotationally driven and relatively rotated by the driving force of the engine to supply to the engine. A compressor, a bypass passage that connects the discharge side of this air compressor and the internal compression side of the rotor, a valve seat provided in this bypass passage, and a valve seat that receives external pressure on the discharge side on one side. Is provided with a spool that receives internal pressure on the internal compression side of the rotor on the other side, and the pressure receiving area on one side and the other side so that the spool moves from the valve seat when the internal pressure is higher than the set value. It is characterized by determining the ratio.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】圧力比（Ｐ1 ／Ｐ2 ）がａ′のときのエアコン
プレッサの吐出口側の外部圧力をａ（設定値）とし、ロ
ータの内部圧縮側の内部圧力をｂとしたとき、スプール
の外部圧力側受圧面積と内部圧力側受圧面積との比を
ｂ：ａにした。従って、ロータの内部圧縮側の圧力がａ
より大きくなるとスプールがバルブシートから移動して
バイパス路が開放され、内部圧力が吐出口側に逃げて内
部圧縮による余分な圧力が低減され、その分エンジン側
への吸気流量が増え効率が向上する。When the pressure ratio (P 1 / P 2 ) is a ', the external pressure on the discharge side of the air compressor is a (set value), and the internal pressure on the internal compression side of the rotor is b, the spool The ratio between the external pressure side pressure receiving area and the internal pressure side pressure receiving area was set to b: a. Therefore, the pressure on the internal compression side of the rotor is a
When it becomes larger, the spool moves from the valve seat and the bypass passage is opened, the internal pressure escapes to the discharge port side and the extra pressure due to internal compression is reduced, and the intake flow rate to the engine side increases by that amount and the efficiency improves. .
【０００８】こうして、ルーツ形と比較して高負荷域で
は効率が高く、低負荷域でも同等の効率が得られ、燃費
が向上する。Thus, as compared with the roots type, the efficiency is high in the high load range, the same efficiency is obtained in the low load range, and the fuel efficiency is improved.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】図１乃至図３により一実施例の説明をする。
以下、符号を与えていない部材等は図示されていない。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
Hereinafter, members and the like not given reference numerals are not shown.
【００１０】図１のように、この実施例の機械式過給機
１は、プーリ３と、ギヤケーシング５に収納された増速
歯車組及びタイミングギヤ組と、スクリュ形エアコンプ
レッサ７とを備え、このコンプレッサ７はコンプレッサ
ハウジング９と、一対のスクリュ形ロータと、吸入路１
１及び吐出路（吐出口側）１３と、バイパス路１５とバ
ルブ１７とを備えている。As shown in FIG. 1, a mechanical supercharger 1 of this embodiment comprises a pulley 3, a speed increasing gear set and a timing gear set housed in a gear casing 5, and a screw type air compressor 7. The compressor 7 includes a compressor housing 9, a pair of screw type rotors, and a suction passage 1.
1, a discharge path (discharge port side) 13, a bypass path 15 and a valve 17.
【００１１】プーリ３はベルトを介してエンジンのクラ
ンクシャフト側プーリと連結されており、プーリ３を回
転させるエンジンの駆動力は増速歯車組で増速され、タ
イミングギヤ組を介してエアコンプレッサ７に伝達され
各ロータを互いに反対方向に回転させる。The pulley 3 is connected to the crankshaft side pulley of the engine via a belt, the driving force of the engine for rotating the pulley 3 is increased by the speed increasing gear set, and the air compressor 7 is operated via the timing gear set. To rotate the rotors in opposite directions.
【００１２】エアコンプレッサ７は吸入路１１からの吸
気をロータ間で軸方向に圧送し、吐出路１３を介してエ
ンジンのシリンダに供給する。The air compressor 7 axially pumps the intake air from the intake passage 11 between the rotors and supplies it to the cylinder of the engine via the discharge passage 13.
【００１３】バイパス路１５は図１，図２に示すよう吐
出口側とロータの内部圧縮側１８とを連通するように一
対のスクリュロータ間に挟まれた余肉スペース２２に配
置されている。又、バルブ１７は、バイパス路１５に設
けられたバルブシート１９とスプール２１とスプール２
１のストッパリング２３とを備えている。スプール２１
はＡ面（一側）に掛る吐出口側の外部圧力によりバルブ
シート１９により押付けられ、Ｂ面にはコンプレッサ７
の内部圧縮による圧力が掛っている。As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bypass passage 15 is arranged in a surplus space 22 sandwiched between a pair of screw rotors so as to connect the discharge port side and the internal compression side 18 of the rotor. Further, the valve 17 includes a valve seat 19 provided on the bypass passage 15, a spool 21, and a spool 2.
1 and the stopper ring 23. Spool 21
Is pressed by the valve seat 19 by the external pressure on the A side (one side) on the discharge port side, and the compressor 7 is pressed on the B side.
The pressure is applied by the internal compression of.
【００１４】図３のグラフ２５，２７、グラフ２９，３
１、グラフ３３，３５はこの順で駆動力を大きくしたと
きのルーツ形と実施例のエアコンプレッサ７の特性を示
している。圧力比ａ′以下の破線のグラフ３７，３９，
４１は従来のスクリュ形エアコンプレッサの特性であ
る。エアコンプレッサ７のグラフ２７，３１，３５が示
すように、圧力比が高い範囲（エンジンの高負荷域）で
はエアコンプレッサ７がルーツ形より効率が良く、ａ′
まで圧力比が下がるとグラフが交差して両者の効率は等
しくなる。Graphs 25 and 27 and graphs 29 and 3 of FIG.
1. Graphs 33 and 35 show the characteristics of the roots type and the air compressor 7 of the embodiment when the driving force is increased in this order. Graphs 37, 39 with broken lines below the pressure ratio a '
41 is the characteristic of the conventional screw type air compressor. As shown by the graphs 27, 31, and 35 of the air compressor 7, the air compressor 7 is more efficient than the roots type in the range where the pressure ratio is high (engine high load range), and a '
When the pressure ratio decreases to, the graphs intersect and the efficiencies of the two become equal.
【００１５】圧力比がａ′のときの内部圧力をｂとし、
外部圧力をａとしたとき、スプール２１のＡ面とＢ面の
受圧面積比をｂ：ａにしてある。従って、圧力比がａ′
より大きいときスプール２１は外部圧力によりバルブシ
ート１９に押付けられてバイパス路１５は閉止されてい
る。又、圧力比がａ′になると内部圧力と外部圧力とに
よりスプール２１に掛る力は等しくなり、圧力比がａ′
より小さくなると内部圧力によりスプール２１はストッ
パリング２３に当るまで移動してバイパス路１５が開放
される。Let b be the internal pressure when the pressure ratio is a '.
When the external pressure is a, the pressure receiving area ratio between the A surface and the B surface of the spool 21 is b: a. Therefore, the pressure ratio is a '
When larger, the spool 21 is pressed against the valve seat 19 by the external pressure, and the bypass passage 15 is closed. When the pressure ratio becomes a ', the force exerted on the spool 21 becomes equal due to the internal pressure and the external pressure, and the pressure ratio becomes a'.
When it becomes smaller, the spool 21 is moved by the internal pressure until it hits the stopper ring 23 and the bypass passage 15 is opened.
【００１６】このように、圧力比がａ′より小さくなる
とバイパス路１５を介し内部圧力が吐出口をバイパスし
てエンジン側へ逃げるから、内部圧力が下がり内部圧縮
による余分な圧力が低減されると共にエンジン側への吸
気流量Ｑが増える。従って、図４のように圧力比ａ′以
下ではエアコンプレッサ７の効率が向上してルーツ形と
同等になる。こうして、機械式過給機１が構成されてい
る。As described above, when the pressure ratio becomes smaller than a ', the internal pressure bypasses the discharge port and escapes to the engine side through the bypass passage 15, so that the internal pressure decreases and the extra pressure due to the internal compression is reduced. The intake air flow rate Q to the engine side increases. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, when the pressure ratio is a'or less, the efficiency of the air compressor 7 is improved and becomes equal to the roots type. Thus, the mechanical supercharger 1 is configured.
【００１７】機械式過給機１は、コンプレッサハウジン
グ９のロータに挟まれた余肉スペースに設けた簡単なバ
イパスバルブ機構のみで装置を大型化させることがな
く、エンジンの高負荷域では内部圧縮によって高い効率
が得られると共に、低負荷域では内部圧縮による効率低
下が防止されてルーツ形と同等の効率が得られ、市街地
走行などでの燃費が向上する。The mechanical supercharger 1 does not increase the size of the device only by a simple bypass valve mechanism provided in the extra space sandwiched between the rotors of the compressor housing 9, and the internal compression is performed in the high load region of the engine. High efficiency can be obtained, and in the low load region, efficiency reduction due to internal compression can be prevented, and efficiency equivalent to that of the roots type can be obtained, and fuel consumption in city driving etc. is improved.
【００１８】なお、スプール２１とストリッパリング２
３との間及び又はスプール２１とバルブシート１９との
間にスプリング等の弾性体を介在させることによりバル
ブ切り換りの応答性を向上させることができる。The spool 21 and the stripper ring 2
The responsivity of valve switching can be improved by interposing an elastic body such as a spring between the spool 3 and the valve seat 19 and / or between the spool 21 and the valve seat 19.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】この発明の機械式過給機は、スクリュ形
エアコンプレッサの吐出口側と内部圧縮側とを連通する
バイパス路に配置されたスプールが内部圧力が設定値よ
り大きくなるとバルブシートから移動してバイパス路が
開放されるようにこのスプールの内部圧力を受ける面と
外部圧力を受ける面との面積比を決めた。従って、内部
圧力が設定値になる圧力比より小さい部分負荷域で、余
分な吐出圧が低減されて流量が増加し、効率が向上して
市街地走行などでの燃費が向上する。According to the mechanical supercharger of the present invention, when the internal pressure of the spool arranged in the bypass passage connecting the discharge side and the internal compression side of the screw type air compressor becomes larger than the set value, the spool moves from the valve seat. The area ratio between the surface receiving the internal pressure and the surface receiving the external pressure of the spool was determined so that the spool was moved to open the bypass passage. Therefore, in a partial load range in which the internal pressure is smaller than the pressure ratio at which the set value is reached, the excess discharge pressure is reduced, the flow rate is increased, the efficiency is improved, and the fuel consumption in city driving is improved.
【図１】要部を切り欠いて示した一実施例の側面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a side view of an embodiment in which a main part is cut away.
【図２】図１のＸ−Ｘ断面図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.
【図３】実施例とルーツ形エアコンプレッサ及び従来の
スクリュ形エアコンプレッサの特性を比較するグラフで
ある。FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the characteristics of an example, a roots type air compressor and a conventional screw type air compressor.
【図４】従来のスクリュ形エアコンプレッサの特性をル
ーツ形エアコンプレッサの特性と較べたグラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the characteristics of a conventional screw type air compressor with the characteristics of a roots type air compressor.
１…機械式過給機 ７…スクリュ形エアコンプレッサ １５…バイパス路 １９…バルブシート ２１…スプール Ａ面…一側の受圧面 Ｂ面…他側の受圧面 1 ... Mechanical supercharger 7 ... Screw type air compressor 15 ... Bypass passage 19 ... Valve seat 21 ... Spool A surface ... One side pressure receiving surface B side ... Other side pressure receiving surface
Claims (1)
対回転する一対のスクリュ形ロータの間で吸気を圧送し
てエンジンに供給するスクリュ形エアコンプレッサと、
このエアコンプレッサの吐出口側とロータの内部圧縮側
とを連通するバイパス路と、このバイパス路に設けられ
たバルブシートと、前記吐出口側の外部圧力を一側に受
けてバルブシートには押圧され、他側にロータの内部圧
縮側の内部圧力を受けるスプールとを備え、内部圧力が
設定値より大きい場合にスプールがバルブシートから移
動するように一側と他側との受圧面積比を決めたことを
特徴とする機械式過給機。1. A screw type air compressor for feeding intake air between a pair of screw type rotors which are rotationally driven by a driving force of an engine and relatively rotate to supply the intake air to the engine.
A bypass passage that connects the discharge side of the air compressor and the internal compression side of the rotor, a valve seat provided in the bypass passage, and external pressure on the discharge side is received on one side and pressed against the valve seat. The other side is equipped with a spool that receives the internal pressure on the internal compression side of the rotor, and the pressure receiving area ratio between the one side and the other side is determined so that the spool moves from the valve seat when the internal pressure is higher than the set value. A mechanical supercharger characterized by that.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2430394A JPH07233730A (en) | 1994-02-22 | 1994-02-22 | Mechanical supercharger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2430394A JPH07233730A (en) | 1994-02-22 | 1994-02-22 | Mechanical supercharger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07233730A true JPH07233730A (en) | 1995-09-05 |
Family
ID=12134412
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2430394A Pending JPH07233730A (en) | 1994-02-22 | 1994-02-22 | Mechanical supercharger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07233730A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6055967A (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 2000-05-02 | Ishikawajma-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. | Screw supercharger for vehicle |
| US6530753B2 (en) | 2000-05-29 | 2003-03-11 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Screw compressor with a fluid contracting bypass |
-
1994
- 1994-02-22 JP JP2430394A patent/JPH07233730A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6055967A (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 2000-05-02 | Ishikawajma-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. | Screw supercharger for vehicle |
| US6530753B2 (en) | 2000-05-29 | 2003-03-11 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Screw compressor with a fluid contracting bypass |
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