JPH07224936A - Piston ring - Google Patents

Piston ring

Info

Publication number
JPH07224936A
JPH07224936A JP5318889A JP31888993A JPH07224936A JP H07224936 A JPH07224936 A JP H07224936A JP 5318889 A JP5318889 A JP 5318889A JP 31888993 A JP31888993 A JP 31888993A JP H07224936 A JPH07224936 A JP H07224936A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
piston ring
base material
chromium nitride
crn
coating layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP5318889A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2598878B2 (en
Inventor
Katsumi Takiguchi
勝美 滝口
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Riken Corp
Original Assignee
Riken Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Riken Corp filed Critical Riken Corp
Priority to JP5318889A priority Critical patent/JP2598878B2/en
Publication of JPH07224936A publication Critical patent/JPH07224936A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2598878B2 publication Critical patent/JP2598878B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve tightly fitting property and abrasion resistance of a piston ring, and also improve durability of an engine by forming a filmed layer which consists of Cr2N chromium nitride and CrN chromium nitride on at least the top/bottom sliding surface of a piston ring. CONSTITUTION:In a piston ring, a base material 1 maintained by a base material maintaining tool 2 and a target source material 5 connected to a water cooling copper pipe 6 are arranged opposing to each other, for example, in the inside of a vacuum container 4. The base material 1 is heated to a prescribed temperature by a heater 3, and also argon gas and nitrogen gas are respectively led from respective leading inlets 8, 9, so that the surface of the base material 1 is treated. Namely, filmed layer which consists of Cr2N chromium nitride and CrN chromium nitride is formed on at least the top/bottom sliding surface of the piston ring. In the filmed layer, the ratio of nitrogen is increased step by step or continuously from the surface side of the base material 1 toward the surface side of the filmed layer.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野)この発明は、耐摩耗性に優れた皮
膜を有する内撚機関用ピストンリングに関する。 (従来技術と問題点)内燃機関のピストンリングは、ピ
ストンの上昇下降の過程において、リング溝内での軸方
向、半径方向及び円周方向の運動を行う。ピストンリン
グの上下面は、リング溝の上下面との間で絶えず摺動を
繰り返し、摩耗する。近年、エンジンの高出力化などの
高性能化に伴い、ピストンリングに要求される条件はま
すます過酷なものとなっている、有鉛ガソリンを使用す
るエンジンでは燃焼により硬質の鉛化合物が生成され、
ディーゼルエンジンではカーボンなどの残渣が生成され
る。これらの生成物がリング溝内に堆積し、この堆積物
がリング上下面の摩耗を促進する。従来、リング上下面
の摩耗を防止するために、硬質クロムめっきを施したも
のが提案されているが、クロムめっきはリング上下面に
均一な厚さでかつ平坦なめっき層を形成することは難し
く、めっき後に仕上げ加工を施す必要がある。また、ク
ロムめっき層の高度はHmv800〜1000程度であ
り、耐摩耗性が十分でない場合があり、さらに優れた耐
摩耗性を有するピストンリングが望まれている。 (問題点を解決するための手段)この発明は、第1図に
示すように、ピストンリングの少なくとも上下摺動面
に、CrN窒化クロムとCrN窒化クロムからなる皮
膜層が形成し、また前記CrN窒化クロムとCrN窒
化クロムからなる皮膜層において、ピストンリング母材
表面側から複合皮膜層表面に向かって窒素の比率が段階
的あるいは連続的に増大しているピストンリングを提供
することで、上記のような問題点を解決している。 (作用)本発明ピストンリングの複合皮膜層は、窒化ガ
スの存在する減圧雰囲気の中で、クロムをターゲット材
として、スパッタリングを行うことによって得ることが
できる。スパッタリング法は、イオンプレーティング法
に比べて膜厚の制御がやり易く、しかも均一な膜厚が得
られるなどの利点がある。窒素ガス雰囲気中で、金属ク
ロムをターゲット材にしてスパッタリングを行うと、タ
ーゲット材のクロムは原子状になり、クロム原子の一部
は窒素と反応して窒化クロムとなる。本発明のような、
CrN窒化クロムとCrN窒化クロムからなる皮膜層
は真空容器内の窒素ガスの分圧を適当に選んで形成する
ことができる。また、真空容器内に窒素ガスを導入する
前にスパッタリングを行うと、ピストンリング母材に純
金属クロム膜の下地層が形成される。下地層が所定の厚
さになった所で徐々に窒素ガスを導入してスパッタリン
グを続けると、クロムの一部は窒化クロムに転換する。
このようにすると、ピストンリングの母材に近い方は、
密着性の良い金属クロムが形成され、摺動面に近い方は
耐摩耗性に優れている窒化クロムが多くなる。また、複
合皮膜層内の窒化クロムの量は連続的に増加するので、
金属クロム層との間での剥離が防止できる。第1表に、
母材温度を400℃とし、種々の窒素ガス分圧でスパッ
タリングを行ったとき、形成される皮膜の組織と硬度の
関係を示した。 この表から本発明のCrN窒化クロムとCrN窒化ク
ロムからなる皮膜層は極めて高い硬さをもつことがわか
る。 (実施例) 実施例1 本発明に使用したマグネトロン型ハイレートスパッタリ
ング装置の概要を第2図に示す。母材1を母材保持具2
で保持し、ヒーター3で母材1を所定の温度に加熱す
る。母材1の上方には、ターゲット源の金属5が設置し
てある。真空容器4の側壁には窒素ガス供給口9とプラ
ズマ用アルゴンガスの導入管8が設けてある。真空容器
4内は図示しない真空ポンプにより減圧されるようにな
っている。真空容器4内にアルゴンガスを導入し1×1
−2torr程度に減圧してボンバードにより、母材
1の表面のクリーニングを行う。次にアルゴンガスを導
入し、1×10−3torr程度に減圧して、スパッタ
リングを開始する。次に窒素ガス供給口9より窒素ガス
を導入し、スパッタリングを行う。スパッタリングされ
たターゲット源の金属5は、容器内の窒素と一部反応し
て、母材1にCrN窒化クロムとCrN窒化クロムか
らなる皮膜層を形成する。呼び径×幅×厚さが、φ77
mm×1.5×3.1のSKD−61材のピストンリン
グを適当な間隔で並べて母材1として、以下の条件で反
応性スパッタリングを実施した。 母材温度: 400℃ スパッタ電力: 1KW 窒素ガス分圧: 1.5×10−3torr アルゴンガス分圧:1×10−3torr ターゲット材: 金属クロム 処理時間: 10分 母材バイアス: −100V 実施例2 実施例1の方法において初めは窒素ガスを導入せずにス
パッタリングを行って金属クロムの下地層を形成し2分
経過後に窒素ガスを導入してCrN窒化クロムとCr
N窒化クロムからなる皮膜層を形成した。この処理をピ
ストンリングの上下摺動面に行い、厚さがそれぞれ6μ
mの皮膜層を形成した。本実施例1,2により得られた
ピストンリングと、比較のため、従来の硬質クロムめっ
きを施したピストンリングを水冷4サイクル4気筒、1
300ccのエンジンに組み込み7500回転、全負荷
で5時間の実機試験を行い、ピストンリング上下面の摩
耗量を測定した。 (発明の効果)測定の結果、本発明によるピストンリン
グは、従来の硬質クロムめっきを施したものに比べて、
摩耗量は約1/5であった。また、スパッタリングによ
り得られた複合皮膜層の表面は平坦で、仕上げ加工は不
要であった。このように、窒化クロムからなる複合皮膜
層を有する本発明のピストンリングは、密着性、耐摩耗
性に優れたピストンリングとして、エンジンの耐久性を
向上させる上で顕著な効果を示すことが理解できる。
Description: (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to a piston ring for an internally twisted engine having a coating excellent in wear resistance. (Prior Art and Problems) A piston ring of an internal combustion engine moves axially, radially and circumferentially in a ring groove in the process of ascending and descending the piston. The upper and lower surfaces of the piston ring repeatedly slide between the upper and lower surfaces of the ring groove and wear. In recent years, due to higher performance of engines such as higher output, the requirements for piston rings are becoming more and more severe.In engines using leaded gasoline, hard lead compounds are generated by combustion. ,
Diesel engines produce residues such as carbon. These products accumulate in the ring groove, and this deposit promotes wear on the upper and lower surfaces of the ring. Conventionally, hard chrome plating has been proposed to prevent wear on the upper and lower surfaces of the ring, but chrome plating makes it difficult to form a flat plating layer with a uniform thickness on the upper and lower surfaces of the ring. , It is necessary to finish after plating. Further, the altitude of the chromium plating layer is about H mv 800 to 1000, may wear resistance is not sufficient, and a piston ring is desirable to have more excellent wear resistance. (Means for Solving Problems) According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a coating layer composed of Cr 2 N chromium nitride and CrN chromium nitride is formed on at least the upper and lower sliding surfaces of a piston ring, and To provide a piston ring in which a ratio of nitrogen in the coating layer made of Cr 2 N chromium nitride and CrN chromium nitride is increased stepwise or continuously from the piston ring base metal surface side toward the composite coating layer surface. Then, the above problems are solved. (Function) The composite coating layer of the piston ring of the present invention can be obtained by performing sputtering using chromium as a target material in a reduced pressure atmosphere in which a nitriding gas exists. The sputtering method has advantages over the ion plating method such that the film thickness can be easily controlled and a uniform film thickness can be obtained. When metallic chromium is used as a target material for sputtering in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, chromium in the target material becomes atomic, and some of the chromium atoms react with nitrogen to become chromium nitride. Like the present invention,
The coating layer made of Cr 2 N chromium nitride and CrN chromium nitride can be formed by appropriately selecting the partial pressure of nitrogen gas in the vacuum container. If sputtering is performed before introducing nitrogen gas into the vacuum container, a base layer of a pure metal chromium film is formed on the piston ring base material. When the underlayer has a predetermined thickness, nitrogen gas is gradually introduced to continue the sputtering, and a part of chromium is converted into chromium nitride.
By doing this, one closer to the base material of the piston ring
Metal chrome with good adhesion is formed, and chromium nitride, which has excellent wear resistance, increases in areas closer to the sliding surface. Also, since the amount of chromium nitride in the composite coating layer increases continuously,
It is possible to prevent peeling from the metal chromium layer. In Table 1,
When the base material temperature was 400 ° C. and the sputtering was performed at various partial pressures of nitrogen gas, the relationship between the structure and hardness of the film formed was shown. From this table, it can be seen that the coating layer of Cr 2 N chromium nitride and CrN chromium nitride of the present invention has extremely high hardness. (Example) Example 1 The outline of the magnetron type high rate sputtering apparatus used in the present invention is shown in FIG. Base material 1 to base material holder 2
And the base material 1 is heated to a predetermined temperature by the heater 3. A metal 5 as a target source is installed above the base material 1. On the side wall of the vacuum container 4, a nitrogen gas supply port 9 and a plasma argon gas introduction pipe 8 are provided. The inside of the vacuum container 4 is decompressed by a vacuum pump (not shown). Argon gas is introduced into the vacuum container 4 and 1 × 1
The surface of the base material 1 is cleaned by reducing the pressure to 0 −2 torr and using bombarding. Next, argon gas is introduced, the pressure is reduced to about 1 × 10 −3 torr, and sputtering is started. Next, nitrogen gas is introduced from the nitrogen gas supply port 9 to perform sputtering. The sputtered target metal 5 partially reacts with nitrogen in the container to form a film layer of Cr 2 N chromium nitride and CrN chromium nitride on the base material 1. Nominal diameter x width x thickness is φ77
Reactive sputtering was carried out under the following conditions by using piston rings of SKD-61 material of mm × 1.5 × 3.1 arranged at appropriate intervals as the base material 1. Base material temperature: 400 ° C. Sputtering power: 1 kW Nitrogen gas partial pressure: 1.5 × 10 −3 torr Argon gas partial pressure: 1 × 10 −3 torr Target material: Metal chromium treatment time: 10 minutes Base material bias: −100 V Implementation Example 2 In the method of Example 1, initially sputtering was performed without introducing nitrogen gas to form an underlayer of metallic chromium, and after 2 minutes, nitrogen gas was introduced to introduce Cr 2 N chromium nitride and Cr.
A coating layer made of N chromium nitride was formed. This process is applied to the upper and lower sliding surfaces of the piston ring, and the thickness of each is 6μ.
m coating layer was formed. For comparison with the piston rings obtained in Examples 1 and 2, a conventional hard chrome-plated piston ring was used for a water-cooled 4-cycle 4-cylinder cylinder.
It was built into a 300 cc engine and subjected to an actual machine test at 7,500 rpm for 5 hours at full load to measure the amount of wear on the upper and lower surfaces of the piston ring. (Effect of the invention) As a result of the measurement, the piston ring according to the present invention has a higher hardness than the conventional hard chrome plated one.
The amount of wear was about 1/5. Further, the surface of the composite coating layer obtained by sputtering was flat and no finishing process was required. As described above, it is understood that the piston ring of the present invention having the composite coating layer made of chromium nitride has a remarkable effect in improving the durability of the engine as a piston ring having excellent adhesion and wear resistance. it can.

【図面の簡単な説明】 第1図に、本発明のピストンリングを示す。 図中 1…ピストンリング 2…複合皮膜層 第2図に、本発明の実施例のマグネトロン型ハイレート
スパッタリング装置の概要を示す。 図中 1…母材(ピストンリング) 2…母材保持具 4…真空容器 5…ターゲット源 6…水冷銅パイプ 7…シャッター 8…アルゴンガス導入口 9…窒素ガス導入口
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a piston ring of the present invention. In the drawing, 1 ... Piston ring 2 ... Composite coating layer FIG. 2 shows an outline of a magnetron type high rate sputtering apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 ... Base material (piston ring) 2 ... Base material holder 4 ... Vacuum container 5 ... Target source 6 ... Water-cooled copper pipe 7 ... Shutter 8 ... Argon gas inlet 9 ... Nitrogen gas inlet

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 (1)ピストンリングの少なくとも上下摺動面に、Cr
N窒化クロムとCrN窒化クロムからなる皮膜層が形
成されていることを特徴とするピストンリング。 (2)前記CrN窒化クロムとCrN窒化クロムから
なる皮膜層において、ピストンリング母材表面側から皮
膜層表面に向かって窒素の比率が段階的あるいは連続的
に増大していることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項
記載のピストンリング。
(Claims) (1) At least the upper and lower sliding surfaces of the piston ring are provided with Cr.
Piston rings, wherein a coating layer composed of 2 N chromium nitride and CrN chromium nitride is formed. (2) In the coating layer made of Cr 2 N chromium nitride and CrN chromium nitride, the ratio of nitrogen increases stepwise or continuously from the piston ring base metal surface side toward the coating layer surface. The piston ring according to claim 1.
JP5318889A 1993-11-12 1993-11-12 piston ring Expired - Lifetime JP2598878B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5318889A JP2598878B2 (en) 1993-11-12 1993-11-12 piston ring

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5318889A JP2598878B2 (en) 1993-11-12 1993-11-12 piston ring

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61069814A Division JPH0765543B2 (en) 1986-03-29 1986-03-29 piston ring

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH07224936A true JPH07224936A (en) 1995-08-22
JP2598878B2 JP2598878B2 (en) 1997-04-09

Family

ID=18104102

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP5318889A Expired - Lifetime JP2598878B2 (en) 1993-11-12 1993-11-12 piston ring

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2598878B2 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006077328A (en) * 2004-09-09 2006-03-23 Ina-Schaeffler Kg Wear-resistant coating and process for producing it
CN103522627A (en) * 2013-10-12 2014-01-22 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Composite coating on surface of valve sealing piece and preparation method for composite coating
US9777239B2 (en) 2011-05-27 2017-10-03 Mahle Metal Leve S.A. Element comprising at least one sliding surface having a coating for use in an internal combustion engine or a compressor

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006077328A (en) * 2004-09-09 2006-03-23 Ina-Schaeffler Kg Wear-resistant coating and process for producing it
KR101282483B1 (en) * 2004-09-09 2013-07-04 섀플러 테크놀로지스 아게 운트 코. 카게 Wear-resistant coating and method of producing the same
US9777239B2 (en) 2011-05-27 2017-10-03 Mahle Metal Leve S.A. Element comprising at least one sliding surface having a coating for use in an internal combustion engine or a compressor
CN103522627A (en) * 2013-10-12 2014-01-22 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Composite coating on surface of valve sealing piece and preparation method for composite coating

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2598878B2 (en) 1997-04-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3221892B2 (en) Piston ring and its manufacturing method
JPH04368A (en) Wear resistant coating film and production thereof
JP2001090835A (en) Hard coating and sliding member coated therewith and its manufacturing method
JP2771947B2 (en) Sliding member
JPH0625597B2 (en) piston ring
JP2003113941A (en) Piston ring and combination structure of piston ring and ring groove of piston
JP2739722B2 (en) piston ring
JPH0931628A (en) Sliding member and its production
JP2007132423A (en) Piston ring
JP2968907B2 (en) Wear resistant coating
JPH05172248A (en) Piston ring and manufacture thereof
JPH07224936A (en) Piston ring
JPH0765543B2 (en) piston ring
JP2500147B2 (en) piston ring
JP2687320B2 (en) piston ring
JPS62188856A (en) Piston ring
JP4374153B2 (en) piston ring
US5672386A (en) Process for forming a coating of chromium and nitrogen having good wear resistance properties
JP4374154B2 (en) piston ring
JP2000001767A (en) Sliding member
JP2681863B2 (en) Cylinder liner and piston ring combinations for diesel engines
JP2681875B2 (en) piston ring
JP2534566Y2 (en) piston ring
JPH05223172A (en) Piston ring
JP2003042293A (en) Piston ring

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term