JPH07222921A - Liquid gathering method and plate, liquid gathering and distributing method and mechanism, gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact method and mechanism and gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact gathering and distributing mechanism and apparatus containing those mechanisms - Google Patents
Liquid gathering method and plate, liquid gathering and distributing method and mechanism, gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact method and mechanism and gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact gathering and distributing mechanism and apparatus containing those mechanismsInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07222921A JPH07222921A JP6333035A JP33303594A JPH07222921A JP H07222921 A JPH07222921 A JP H07222921A JP 6333035 A JP6333035 A JP 6333035A JP 33303594 A JP33303594 A JP 33303594A JP H07222921 A JPH07222921 A JP H07222921A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- gas
- plate
- cylinder
- collecting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、筒体内部を流下する液
体の集合方法及び集合板と、液体の集合分配方法及び集
合分配機構と、液体の急冷方法及び液体の急冷機構と、
液体の急冷集合分配機構と、それらの機構を含む装置に
関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid collecting method and a collecting plate, a liquid collecting and distributing mechanism, a liquid quenching method and a liquid quenching mechanism.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rapid cooling collective distribution mechanism and a device including these mechanisms.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、筒体内を流下する液体量を筒体の
横断面方向(半径方向)に均一に分布させるために、筒
体内に液体分配機構を配設することが広く行われてい
る。このような液体分配機構としては、従来各種のもの
が提案されているが、一般的には、多孔板や、チムニー
型分配板、バブルキャップ型分配板等が用いられてい
る。このような分配板は、筒内を流下する液体量を横断
面方向に均一に分布させるものの、液体を均一混合させ
る作用を有しないため、液体が複数の成分の混合物から
なる場合や、液体中に溶質成分が溶解している場合に
は、分配板を透過した液体は、その成分組成の点では、
筒体の横断面方向において未だ不均一であるという問題
がある。また、流下する液体が気液混合物の状態である
ときには、分配板を通る気液混合物の気液比が筒体の横
断面方向において不均一であるという問題がある他、分
配板を液体と気体が通る際の気液接触効率が未だ不十分
であり、液体を気体により急冷する際にも液体の温度が
筒体の横断面方向において不均一になるという問題もあ
る。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to uniformly distribute the amount of liquid flowing down in a cylinder body in the cross-sectional direction (radial direction) of the cylinder body, a liquid distribution mechanism is widely arranged in the cylinder body. . Various types of liquid distribution mechanisms have been proposed in the past, but generally, a perforated plate, a chimney type distribution plate, a bubble cap type distribution plate or the like is used. Although such a distribution plate evenly distributes the amount of liquid flowing down in the cylinder in the cross-sectional direction, it does not have a function of uniformly mixing the liquids, and therefore, when the liquid is composed of a mixture of a plurality of components or in the liquid. When the solute component is dissolved in, the liquid that has permeated the distribution plate is
There is a problem that the cross section of the cylinder is still non-uniform. Further, when the liquid flowing down is in a gas-liquid mixture state, there is a problem that the gas-liquid ratio of the gas-liquid mixture passing through the distribution plate is non-uniform in the cross-sectional direction of the cylindrical body. There is also a problem that the gas-liquid contact efficiency when passing through is still insufficient, and the temperature of the liquid becomes non-uniform in the cross-sectional direction of the cylinder even when the liquid is rapidly cooled by the gas.
【0003】分配板を通る液体の成分組成を横断面方向
に均一化させるために、分配板を通る以前の液体をあら
かじめ集合させる装置が提案されている(特公昭42−
24284号)。この集合装置は、中央部に2つの透孔
を有する板体の下面に、その透孔を包囲する中空の箱体
を配設し、その箱体の底面に2つの透孔を穿設した構造
のものである。この装置を用いる場合には、筒内を流下
する液体は、板体上に受止され、その板体中央部に形成
された透孔を通っていったん箱体内に流入集合し、箱体
内での流動により混合作用を受けた後、箱体の底面の流
通孔から下方に流出する。しかしながら、流下する液体
の集合にこのような箱体を用いる場合には、液体が箱体
内へ流入し、箱体内を流動する際の液体の流動エネルギ
ーにより、箱体に振動を生じたり、場合によっては箱体
にかかる液圧により箱体に破壊を生じたり、あるいはそ
の破壊を防止するための頑強な支持体を要する等の問題
がある。In order to make the composition of the liquid passing through the distribution plate uniform in the cross-sectional direction, a device has been proposed in which the liquid before passing through the distribution plate is collected in advance (Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-42).
24284). This collecting device has a structure in which a hollow box body surrounding the through hole is arranged on the lower surface of a plate body having two through holes in the central portion, and two through holes are formed on the bottom surface of the box body. belongs to. In the case of using this device, the liquid flowing down in the cylinder is received on the plate body, once flows into the box body through the through hole formed in the center part of the plate body, and then gathers in the box body. After being subjected to the mixing action due to the flow, it flows downward through the flow hole on the bottom surface of the box body. However, when such a box body is used for collecting the flowing liquid, the liquid flows into the box body, and the flow energy of the liquid when flowing in the box body causes vibration in the box body, or in some cases. There is a problem that the liquid pressure applied to the box causes the box to break, or a robust support is required to prevent the break.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、筒体内を流
下する液体を集合させる際に、集合装置に振動や破壊を
生じさせることのない液体の集合方法及び集合板を提供
するとともに、筒体内を流下する液体を分配機構を通し
て流下させるに際し、分配機構を通して流下する液体の
成分組成を、筒体の横断面方向において均一化させる液
体の分配方法及び分配機構を提供し、さらに、流下する
液体の効率的な気液接触方法及び気液接触機構と、液体
の気液接触集合分配機構と、それらの機構を含む各種装
置を提供することをその課題とする。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a liquid collecting method and a collecting plate that do not cause vibration or destruction in a collecting device when collecting liquid flowing down in a cylinder. Provided are a liquid distribution method and a liquid distribution mechanism for uniformizing the component composition of the liquid flowing down through the distribution mechanism in the transverse direction of the cylinder when the liquid flowing down through the body is flowed down through the distribution mechanism. It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient gas-liquid contacting method and a gas-liquid contacting mechanism, a gas-liquid contacting and collecting mechanism for liquid, and various devices including these mechanisms.
【0005】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、前記課題
を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、本発明を完成する
に至った。即ち、本発明によれば、筒体内を流下する液
体を液体受止板上に受止するとともに、その受止板に形
成された開口部から旋回流として下方に流下させること
を特徴とする筒体内を流下する液体の集合方法が提供さ
れる。また、本発明によれば、開口部を有する液体受止
板と、液体受止板の開口部上方に間隔を置いて配設され
た開口部被覆体と、開口部周縁と開口部被覆体との間に
形成された複数の液体流入口と、液体受止板の開口部周
縁に上端が連設され、内周面が液体受止板の開口部中心
線方向に向う傾斜面に形成された短筒体と、液体受止板
の開口部周縁に形成された液体流入口に連通する短筒体
内周面上にその内周面の下方斜め方向に沿って形成され
た複数の旋回流形成流路からなることを特徴とする筒体
内を流下する液体集合板が提供される。The present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems. That is, according to the present invention, a cylinder characterized in that the liquid flowing down in the cylinder is received on the liquid receiving plate and is made to flow downward as a swirling flow from an opening formed in the liquid receiving plate. Provided is a method of collecting liquid flowing down a body. Further, according to the present invention, a liquid receiving plate having an opening, an opening covering body disposed at a space above the opening of the liquid receiving plate, an opening peripheral edge and an opening covering body. A plurality of liquid inlets formed between the upper end of the liquid receiving plate and the upper end of the liquid receiving plate, and the inner peripheral surface of the liquid receiving plate is formed as an inclined surface toward the center line of the opening of the liquid receiving plate. A plurality of swirling flow forming flows formed on the peripheral surface of the short cylindrical body communicating with the short cylindrical body and the liquid inlet formed at the peripheral edge of the opening of the liquid receiving plate along the obliquely downward direction of the inner peripheral surface. There is provided a liquid collecting plate which flows down in a cylinder characterized by comprising a passage.
【0006】さらに、筒体内を流下する液体を集合さ
せ、旋回流とした後、この旋回流を分配機構を通して下
方に流下させることを特徴とする筒体内を流下する液体
の集合分配方法が提供される。さらにまた、本発明によ
れば、前記液体集合板と、その下方に配設した液体分配
機構からなることを特徴とする筒体内を流下する液体の
集合分配機構が提供される。Further, there is provided a method of collecting and distributing a liquid flowing down in a cylinder, characterized in that the liquid flowing down in the cylinder is collected into a swirl flow, and then the swirl flow is caused to flow downward through a distribution mechanism. It Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is provided a liquid collecting / distributing mechanism which is made up of the liquid collecting plate and a liquid distributing mechanism arranged below the liquid collecting plate, and which flows down in the cylinder.
【0007】さらにまた、本発明によれば、筒体内を流
下する液体に外部からの気体又は液体を混合し、この気
液混合物を集合させ、旋回流とし下方に流下させること
を特徴とする筒体内を流下する液体の気液又は液液接触
方法が提供される。さらにまた、本発明によれば、気体
又は液体噴出管と、その下方に配設された前記液体集合
板とからなることを特徴とする筒体内を流下する液体の
気液又は液液接触機構が提供される。Further, according to the present invention, a cylinder characterized in that a liquid or a liquid flowing down in the cylinder is mixed with a gas or a liquid from the outside, and the gas-liquid mixture is gathered to make a swirl flow to flow downward. A method for contacting a gas-liquid or liquid-liquid flowing down a body is provided. Still further, according to the present invention, there is provided a gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact mechanism for a liquid flowing down in a cylinder characterized by comprising a gas or liquid jetting pipe and the liquid collecting plate arranged below the pipe. Provided.
【0008】さらにまた、本発明によれば、気体又は液
体噴出管と、その下方に配設した前記液体の集合分配機
構とからなることを特徴とする筒体内を流下する液体の
気液又は液液接触集合分配機構が提供される。Furthermore, according to the present invention, a gas or liquid of a liquid flowing down in a cylinder characterized by comprising a gas or liquid jetting pipe and a collecting and distributing mechanism for the liquid arranged below the pipe. A liquid contact collective dispensing mechanism is provided.
【0009】さらにまた、本発明によれば、複数の充填
層を有する充填塔の充填層間又は複数の棚段を有する多
段塔の棚段間に、前記液体の集合分配機構を備えたこと
を特徴とする気液又は液液接触装置が提供される。さら
にまた、本発明によれば、触媒充填層間に、前記液体の
集合分配機構を備えたことを特徴とする反応装置が提供
される。さらにまた、本発明によれば、触媒充填層間
に、前記液体の気液又は液液接触集合分配機構を備えた
ことを特徴とする反応装置が提供される。さらにまた、
本発明によれば、水素化触媒層間に、前記液体の気液又
は液液接触集合分配機構を備えたことを特徴とする水素
化反応装置が提供される。Further, according to the present invention, the liquid collecting and distributing mechanism is provided between the packed layers of a packed column having a plurality of packed layers or between the trays of a multi-column column having a plurality of trays. A gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact device is provided. Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is provided a reaction device characterized in that the liquid collecting and distributing mechanism is provided between the catalyst-filled layers. Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is provided a reaction device comprising a gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact aggregation distribution mechanism between the catalyst-filled layers. Furthermore,
According to the present invention, there is provided a hydrogenation reaction device comprising a liquid-vapor contact or liquid-liquid contact assembly mechanism between the hydrogenation catalyst layers.
【0010】次に、本発明の液体集合板の1つの実施例
について図面を参照して説明する。図1は、本発明の液
体集合板を上方から見た平面図、図2はその斜視図、図
3はその分解斜視図、図4は図1におけるIV−IV断面
図、図5は本発明の液体集合板の筒体内に配置した状態
図、図6は受止板の平面図、図7は短筒体の斜視図、図
8は短筒体内周面に対する仕切板の取付説明図を示す。
集合板の材質は、金属、プラスチック、セラミックス等
であることができる。Next, one embodiment of the liquid collecting plate of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a plan view of the liquid collecting plate of the present invention seen from above, FIG. 2 is its perspective view, FIG. 3 is its exploded perspective view, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of the receiving plate, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the short cylinder, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of attaching the partition plate to the inner surface of the short cylinder. .
The material of the collecting plate may be metal, plastic, ceramics or the like.
【0011】図1〜図8において、1は液体受止板を示
し、この液体受止板1は、図5に示すように、液体が流
下する筒状体Tに通常水平に配設され、それにより筒状
体Tの内部は上部空間Ta及び下部空間Tbに仕切られ
る。図6に示すように、受止板1の中央部には多角形
(正八角形)状の開口部2が開設されている。3は開口
部2の上方に間隔を置いて配設された開口部被覆体であ
り、このものはその開口部全面を覆う寸法のものであれ
ばよい。図面においては円形状の板体が示されている
が、四角形や八角形等の多角形状の板体であることがで
きる。1 to 8, reference numeral 1 denotes a liquid receiving plate. As shown in FIG. 5, the liquid receiving plate 1 is normally arranged horizontally in a tubular body T through which liquid flows down. As a result, the inside of the tubular body T is partitioned into an upper space Ta and a lower space Tb. As shown in FIG. 6, a polygonal (regular octagonal) opening 2 is formed in the center of the receiving plate 1. Reference numeral 3 denotes an opening covering body which is arranged above the opening 2 at a distance, and may be of a size that covers the entire surface of the opening. Although a circular plate is shown in the drawings, it may be a polygonal plate such as a quadrangle or an octagon.
【0012】図面において、4は、図7に示すように、
八角形の横断面を有し、液体受止板の開口部中心線方向
に傾斜する周面を有する短筒体を示す。この短筒体の内
周面は、8個の逆台形状面4eから形成される。また、
その上端は液体受止板1の開口部周縁に連設され、下端
は開口7が形成されている。短筒体4の長さLは、3〜
50cm、通常、10〜30cmである。短筒体の上端
開口面積に対する下端開口面積比は1/6〜1/1.
2、好ましくは1/3〜1/2であり、受止板1に対す
る傾斜角θ2は通常20〜70°、好ましくは30〜6
0°である。In the drawings, 4 is as shown in FIG.
3 shows a short tubular body having an octagonal cross section and having a peripheral surface inclined in the direction of the opening center line of the liquid receiving plate. The inner peripheral surface of this short cylinder is formed of eight inverted trapezoidal surfaces 4e. Also,
The upper end of the liquid receiving plate 1 is connected to the peripheral edge of the opening, and the lower end of the liquid receiving plate 1 has an opening 7. The length L of the short tubular body 4 is 3 to
It is 50 cm, usually 10 to 30 cm. The ratio of the lower end opening area to the upper end opening area of the short cylinder is 1/6 to 1/1.
2, preferably 1/3 to 1/2, and the inclination angle θ 2 with respect to the receiving plate 1 is usually 20 to 70 °, preferably 30 to 6
It is 0 °.
【0013】図面において、5は、旋回流を与える液体
流路を形成するために短筒体4の内周面上に立設された
仕切板を示す。この仕切板5の数は、図面の場合、8個
である。この仕切板5は、図8に示すような四辺形状の
板体であって、その底辺部5aは短筒体4の内周面に接
合し、上辺部5bは開口部被覆体3の下面に接合してい
る。図8において、対向する2つの側辺部5c、5dの
うち短い側近部5cは、液体受止板1上方に形成された
開口部被覆体3の液体受止板面からの高さに対応する。
この仕切板5は、短筒体の内周面の下方斜め方向に沿っ
て、即ち、その内周面の傾斜方向と一定の角度で立設さ
れる。具体的には、図1の平面図において、隣接する2
つの仕切板5の端部5eを結ぶ線(図示の場合は8角形
の開口部2の1辺に相当)に対する配向角θ1が通常1
0〜60°、好ましくは20〜50°となるように仕切
板5を配向させる。図8に、短筒体4の内周面に対する
仕切板5の取付け説明図を示す。本実施例の場合には、
短筒体の内周面を形成する各逆台形状斜面4eのその逆
台形のあらかじめ定めた一方の各対角線4fに沿って立
設される。なお、仕切板5は、側辺部5c、5dを内側
又は外側に向けて適度に弯曲していてもよい。In the drawings, reference numeral 5 denotes a partition plate which is erected on the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body 4 in order to form a liquid flow path for giving a swirling flow. The number of partition plates 5 is eight in the drawing. The partition plate 5 is a quadrilateral plate body as shown in FIG. 8, the bottom side 5 a of which is joined to the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body 4 and the top side 5 b of which is the lower surface of the opening covering body 3. It is joined. In FIG. 8, the short side portion 5c of the two facing side portions 5c and 5d corresponds to the height of the opening covering body 3 formed above the liquid receiving plate 1 from the liquid receiving plate surface. .
The partition plate 5 is erected along the lower oblique direction of the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body, that is, at a constant angle with the inclination direction of the inner peripheral surface. Specifically, in the plan view of FIG.
The orientation angle θ 1 with respect to the line connecting the ends 5e of the two partition plates 5 (corresponding to one side of the octagonal opening 2 in the case shown) is usually 1
The partition plate 5 is oriented so as to be 0 to 60 °, preferably 20 to 50 °. FIG. 8 shows an explanatory view of how the partition plate 5 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body 4. In the case of this embodiment,
The inverted trapezoidal slopes 4e forming the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body are erected along the predetermined one diagonal lines 4f of the inverted trapezoid. The partition plate 5 may be appropriately curved with the side portions 5c and 5d facing inward or outward.
【0014】図1〜図8に示した液体集合板において、
液体受止板1の開口部2の周縁と開口部被覆体3との間
の環状空隙部は、8個の仕切板5によって、8個の旋回
流形成通路8が形成され、液体受止板1に受止された液
体は図8に示した矢印のように各通路を通って短筒体4
の開口7から旋回流となって流下する。In the liquid collecting plate shown in FIGS. 1 to 8,
In the annular space between the peripheral edge of the opening 2 of the liquid receiving plate 1 and the opening covering body 3, eight partition plates 5 form eight swirl flow forming passages 8 and the liquid receiving plate is formed. The liquid received in 1 passes through each passage as shown by the arrow in FIG.
It becomes a swirling flow from the opening 7 and flows down.
【0015】図1〜図8においては、液体受止板1の開
口部2の形状が八角状であるものの実施例について示し
たが、本発明の液体集合板はこのようなものに限られる
ものではなく、開口部2の形状は、各種の形状、例え
ば、三角形以上の多角形状とすることができ、これらの
場合、短筒体4の内周面の形状は、その開口部の形状に
応じた数の逆台形面で形成すればよい。また、液体受止
板1の中央開口部2の形状は、円形にすることができ、
この場合の短筒体4としては、横断面が円形のものを用
いればよい。さらに、液体受止板1に形成する開口部2
は、複数であってもよい。1 to 8 show an embodiment in which the shape of the opening 2 of the liquid receiving plate 1 is octagonal, but the liquid collecting plate of the present invention is not limited to this. Instead, the shape of the opening 2 can be various shapes, for example, a polygonal shape of a triangle or more, and in these cases, the shape of the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body 4 depends on the shape of the opening. It may be formed by a number of inverted trapezoid surfaces. The shape of the central opening 2 of the liquid receiving plate 1 can be circular,
In this case, the short tubular body 4 may have a circular cross section. Further, the opening 2 formed in the liquid receiving plate 1
May be plural.
【0016】次に、液体受止板に形成する開口部が円形
状の場合の液体集合板について、図9にその上方から見
た平面図、図10にその斜視図、図11にその分解斜視
図、図12に図9におけるXII−XII断面図を示し、さら
に、図13に液体受止板の平面図、図14に断面円形状
の短筒体の斜視図、図15に仕切板の取付説明図を示
す。これらの図9〜図15において示した各符号におい
て、図1〜図8において示した符号と100番違いのも
のは同一の意味を有する。また、図9〜図15で示した
液体集合板は、短筒体104の内周面上に8個の仕切板
105を立設して8個の液体流通路(旋回流形成通路)
108を形成した構造を有するものであるが、その流通
路108の個数は任意である。流通路の数は通常、3〜
12個、好ましくは6〜8個である。筒体内周面上に
は、その流通路の数に応じた仕切板105を立設する。
また、短筒体104の内周面に対する仕切板105の取
付けは、図9に示すように、その短筒体内周面上にその
液体流通路の数に応じた扇形を作図し、その各扇形のあ
らかじめ定めた配向角θ1に沿って仕切板105を立設
することによって行うことができる。Next, FIG. 9 is a plan view of the liquid collecting plate when the opening formed in the liquid receiving plate is circular, as seen from above, FIG. 10 is its perspective view, and FIG. 11 is its exploded perspective view. FIG. 12, FIG. 12 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line XII-XII in FIG. 9, further, FIG. 13 is a plan view of the liquid receiving plate, FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a short tube having a circular cross section, and FIG. An explanatory view is shown. In each of the reference numerals shown in FIGS. 9 to 15, the reference numeral different from the reference numeral shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 has the same meaning. Further, in the liquid collecting plate shown in FIGS. 9 to 15, eight partition plates 105 are erected on the inner peripheral surface of the short cylindrical body 104 to form eight liquid flow passages (swirl flow forming passages).
Although it has a structure in which 108 is formed, the number of the flow passages 108 is arbitrary. The number of flow passages is usually 3 ~
The number is 12, preferably 6 to 8. Partition plates 105 corresponding to the number of flow passages are provided upright on the peripheral surface of the cylinder.
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the partition plate 105 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the short cylindrical body 104 by drawing a fan shape corresponding to the number of the liquid flow passages on the inner peripheral surface of the short cylindrical body, and forming each fan shape. This can be performed by vertically arranging the partition plate 105 along the predetermined orientation angle θ 1 .
【0017】本発明の集合板は、筒体内に配設され、筒
体内を流下する液体を集合させ、旋回流として下方に流
下させる作用を示す。例えば、図4において、流下する
液体は、液体受止板1及び開口部被覆体3の上面に受止
され、開口部被覆体3の上面に受止された液体はさらに
液体受止板1上に流下受止される。そして、液体受止板
1上の液体は、仕切板5によって開口部2周縁と開口部
被覆体3の下面との間に形成された液体流入口から短筒
体4の内周面に沿って流下し、短筒体の下端開口周縁7
から旋回流となって流下する。本発明の液体集合板の場
合、液体受止板上に受止された液体は、実質上液体受止
板上に液溜りを生じることなく、液体流入口に流入す
る。The collecting plate of the present invention is arranged in the cylinder and has the function of collecting the liquid flowing down in the cylinder and causing it to flow downward as a swirling flow. For example, in FIG. 4, the liquid that flows down is received on the upper surfaces of the liquid receiving plate 1 and the opening cover body 3, and the liquid received on the upper surface of the opening cover body 3 is further on the liquid receiving plate 1. Received by the Then, the liquid on the liquid receiving plate 1 flows from the liquid inlet formed by the partition plate 5 between the peripheral edge of the opening 2 and the lower surface of the opening covering body 3 along the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body 4. Flowing down, the peripheral edge 7 of the lower end of the short cylinder
It turns into a swirling flow and flows down. In the case of the liquid collecting plate of the present invention, the liquid received on the liquid receiving plate flows into the liquid inflow port substantially without forming a liquid pool on the liquid receiving plate.
【0018】本発明の液体集合板において、旋回流形成
流路8、108は、短筒体4、104の内周面と、その
内周面上にその内周面の下方斜め方向に沿って立設され
た仕切板5、105とによって形成される。この場合、
短筒体の内周面は流路の底面を形成し、仕切板は流路の
側面を形成し、流路の上面は空間(開放)状態になって
いる。また、液体の流れの下端は自由落下の状態になっ
ている。従って、液体が旋回流形成流路を流通する際に
は、その流路の上面が空間状態になり、流体の流れの下
端が自由落下の状態になっていることから、旋回流エネ
ルギーはその短筒体や仕切板には強く伝達されず、短筒
体や仕切板の振動の発生や破壊を生じるようなことはな
く、それを防ぐための頑強な支持体も必要とされない。
また、液体は、その旋回流形成流路を流通する際に混合
作用を受け、均質化される。液体が気液混合物である場
合には、その混合作用により、気体と液体は強く気液接
触し、均質な気液混合物とされる。旋回流形成流路によ
る混合作用をより強いものとするには、流通する液体に
乱流を生じさせるような線速度が得られるように、流路
のサイズを調節する。In the liquid collecting plate of the present invention, the swirl flow forming flow paths 8 and 108 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular members 4 and 104 and on the inner peripheral surface thereof along the obliquely downward direction of the inner peripheral surface. It is formed by the upright partition plates 5 and 105. in this case,
The inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body forms the bottom surface of the flow path, the partition plate forms the side surface of the flow path, and the upper surface of the flow path is in a space (open) state. Further, the lower end of the liquid flow is in a free fall state. Therefore, when the liquid flows through the swirl flow forming flow path, the upper surface of the flow path is in a spatial state and the lower end of the flow of the fluid is in a free fall state. It is not strongly transmitted to the tubular body or the partition plate, the vibration or the destruction of the short tubular body or the partition plate does not occur, and a robust support for preventing this is not required.
Further, the liquid is subjected to a mixing action when flowing through the swirl flow forming flow path, and is homogenized. When the liquid is a gas-liquid mixture, the gas and the liquid are in strong gas-liquid contact due to the mixing action to form a homogeneous gas-liquid mixture. In order to enhance the mixing action of the swirl flow forming flow passage, the size of the flow passage is adjusted so that a linear velocity that causes turbulent flow in the flowing liquid is obtained.
【0019】本発明の液体集合板によれば、筒体内を流
下する液体は、短筒体の内周面上に形成された旋回流形
成通路内に集合され、この通路の先端から、旋回流とし
て下方に流出される。この液体の集合過程と旋回流形成
過程において、液体は混合作用を受け、旋回流として流
下する液体の成分組成は、その任意の位置において、ほ
ぼ同一の成分組成となっている。また、本発明の液体集
合板によれば、筒体内を流下する液体が気液混合物の状
態である場合には、短筒体の内周面上に形成された旋回
流形成流路内を流通する際に、その気液混合物は強く気
液接触されるので、気体と気体との間の熱交換を効率よ
く行うことができる他、液体中への気体の吸収、気体中
に含まれる特定成分の液体中への溶解等の物理化学的反
応を効率よく行わせることができる。しかも、本発明の
集合板により短筒体下方に形成される旋回流の内部は空
間になっていることから、旋回流形成流路を流通した気
液混合物の気体成分は、この旋回流の内部空間からその
旋回流として流下する液体幕と接触した後、外部空間に
移動するが、この際の気液接触よっても、前記した気液
間の熱交換や、物理化学的反応が起る。従って、本発明
の集合板を用いることにより、筒体内を流下する気液混
合物の効率的な気液接触を行わせることができ、本発明
の液体集合板は、気液接触装置としてもすぐれた効果を
示すものである。According to the liquid collecting plate of the present invention, the liquid flowing down in the cylindrical body is collected in the swirling flow forming passage formed on the inner peripheral surface of the short cylindrical body, and the swirling flow is formed from the tip of this passage. As it flows out downwards. In the liquid gathering process and the swirling flow forming process, the liquids are subjected to the mixing action, and the component composition of the liquid flowing down as the swirling flow has almost the same component composition at any position. Further, according to the liquid collecting plate of the present invention, when the liquid flowing down in the cylinder is in the state of a gas-liquid mixture, it flows in the swirl flow forming flow passage formed on the inner peripheral surface of the short cylinder. In that case, the gas-liquid mixture is strongly brought into gas-liquid contact, so that heat exchange between the gas and the gas can be efficiently performed, absorption of the gas into the liquid, and a specific component contained in the gas. A physicochemical reaction such as dissolution of the in a liquid can be efficiently performed. Moreover, since the inside of the swirl flow formed below the short cylinder by the collecting plate of the present invention is a space, the gas component of the gas-liquid mixture that has flowed through the swirl flow forming flow channel is inside the swirl flow. After coming into contact with the liquid curtain flowing down from the space as its swirling flow, it moves to the external space, but due to the gas-liquid contact at this time, the heat exchange between the gas and the liquid and the physicochemical reaction occur. Therefore, by using the collecting plate of the present invention, efficient gas-liquid contact of the gas-liquid mixture flowing down in the cylinder can be performed, and the liquid collecting plate of the present invention is also excellent as a gas-liquid contact device. It shows the effect.
【0020】さらに、本発明の液体集合板は、流下する
液体と、上昇する気体との間の気液接触装置としてもす
ぐれた効果を示すものである。この場合、筒体内を上昇
する気体は、前記の場合とは逆に、旋回流として流下す
る液体幕を通過して旋回流内部の空間に入り、ここか
ら、旋回流形成流路内を上昇し、液体受止板の開口部周
縁に形成された液体流入口を通ってその上方の空間部に
上昇する。Further, the liquid collecting plate of the present invention exhibits an excellent effect as a gas-liquid contact device between the flowing liquid and the rising gas. In this case, contrary to the above case, the gas rising in the cylindrical body passes through the liquid curtain flowing down as a swirling flow and enters the space inside the swirling flow, and from there, rises in the swirling flow forming flow path. , Rises to the space above the liquid inlet through the liquid inlet formed at the periphery of the opening of the liquid receiving plate.
【0021】本発明の液体集合板においては、比較的大
きな流量で液体を流下させることができるので、液体受
止板上に実質的な液溜りを生じさせることなく、液体受
止板上に受止された液体を集合させ、液体集合板の下方
に流下させることができる。しかも、液体が流通する旋
回流形成流路は、閉鎖流路ではなく、開放流路として形
成され、旋回流のエネルギーは短筒体や仕切板に強く伝
達されることなく放散されるので、液体集合板に対する
振動の発生や破壊を生じるようなことはなく、また流路
を流通する際の圧力損失も非常に小さいという利点があ
る。In the liquid collecting plate of the present invention, the liquid can be made to flow down at a relatively large flow rate, so that the liquid receiving plate can receive the liquid receiving plate without causing substantial liquid pool. The stopped liquids can be collected and allowed to flow down below the liquid collecting plate. Moreover, the swirl flow forming flow path through which the liquid flows is formed as an open flow path, not a closed flow path, and the energy of the swirl flow is dissipated without being strongly transmitted to the short cylinder or the partition plate. There is an advantage that vibration or generation of the collecting plate is not caused and the pressure loss when flowing through the flow path is very small.
【0022】従来、筒体内に複数の充填層や棚段を有
し、その充填層や棚段において気液接触や液液接触を行
わせる装置としては、各種のものが知られている。この
ような気液接触や液液接触を行わせる装置には、例え
ば、各種の反応塔、吸収塔、放散塔、冷却塔、蒸留塔等
を挙げることができる。これらの装置(以下、単に接触
装置とも言う)においては、液体は筒体内を上方から下
方へ流下し、一方、気体は上方から下方へ流下するか又
は下方から上方へ上昇する。このような接触装置におい
ては、各充填層間又は棚段間には、その充填層又は棚段
から流下する液体を、その下方に位置する充填層棚段へ
均等に分配するように、液体分配機構が配設されてい
る。本発明の液体集合板は、このような液体分配機構と
組合せて、筒体内を流下する液体の集合分配機構として
筒体内に配設することにより、分配機構を通って流下す
る分配液体流の横断面方向に対する成分組成の分布を均
一化させることができるとともに、充填層間又は棚段間
の空間部を流通する液体と気体又は液体と液体との間の
接触効率を向上させることができる。充填層間や棚段間
の空間部に配設される液体分配機構は特に制約されるも
のではなく、従来公知の各種のものを用いることができ
る。このような液体分配機構は、例えば、多孔板、チム
ニー型分配板、バブルキャップ型分配板、多孔板に通気
筒を透設したもの等の分配板の1つ又は複数を組合せて
構成することができる。Conventionally, various types of devices have been known which have a plurality of packing layers or shelves in a cylinder, and which make gas-liquid contact or liquid-liquid contact in the packing layers or shelves. Examples of the apparatus for performing such gas-liquid contact or liquid-liquid contact include various reaction towers, absorption towers, desorption towers, cooling towers, distillation towers, and the like. In these devices (hereinafter, also simply referred to as contact devices), liquid flows down from the upper side to the lower side in the cylinder, while gas flows down from the upper side or rises from the lower side to the upper side. In such a contact device, a liquid distribution mechanism is provided between the packed layers or between the trays so that the liquid flowing down from the packed bed or the trays is evenly distributed to the packed bed trays located therebelow. Is provided. The liquid collecting plate of the present invention, in combination with such a liquid distributing mechanism, is arranged in the cylinder as a collecting and distributing mechanism for the liquid flowing down in the cylindrical body, so that the liquid flowing across the distributing mechanism is traversed. It is possible to make the distribution of the component composition in the plane direction uniform and improve the contact efficiency between the liquid and the gas or the liquid and the liquid flowing in the space between the packing layers or between the trays. The liquid distribution mechanism arranged in the space between the packing layers or between the shelves is not particularly limited, and various conventionally known ones can be used. Such a liquid distribution mechanism may be configured by combining one or a plurality of distribution plates such as a perforated plate, a chimney type distribution plate, a bubble cap type distribution plate, and a perforated plate with a through cylinder provided therethrough. it can.
【0023】次に、接触装置に対して配設した本発明の
液体の集合分配機構の1つの実施例について、図面によ
り説明する。この接触装置において、気体は上方から下
方へ流通してもよいし、下方から上方へ流通してもよ
い。図16において、1は図1〜8に示した本発明の液
体集合板の液体受止板、11は多孔板からなる第1分配
板、12は多孔板からなる第2分配板を示し、これらの
液体集合板と、2つの多孔板11、12は、本発明の液
体の集合分配機構を形成する。第2分配板12を形成す
る多孔板の透孔の寸法は、第2分配板11を形成する多
孔板の透孔の寸法よりも小さく設計されている。また、
第1分配板11の中央部には、無孔板13が配設されて
いる。この無孔板13は、液体集合板の短筒体4から旋
回幕14として流下する液体の横方向への分散を向上さ
せるためにのものであるが、その使用は必ずしも必要と
されず、省略することができる。P1及びP2は充填層を
示し、Tは筒体を示し、矢印は流体の流れ方向を示す。Next, one embodiment of the liquid collecting and distributing mechanism of the present invention provided for the contact device will be described with reference to the drawings. In this contact device, the gas may flow from above to below or from below to above. In FIG. 16, 1 is a liquid receiving plate of the liquid collecting plate of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, 11 is a first distribution plate made of a porous plate, and 12 is a second distribution plate made of a porous plate. The liquid collecting plate and the two porous plates 11 and 12 form the liquid collecting and distributing mechanism of the present invention. The size of the through holes of the perforated plate forming the second distribution plate 12 is designed to be smaller than the size of the through holes of the perforated plate forming the second distribution plate 11. Also,
A non-perforated plate 13 is arranged in the center of the first distribution plate 11. The non-perforated plate 13 is for improving the lateral dispersion of the liquid flowing down from the short cylinder body 4 of the liquid collecting plate as the swirl curtain 14, but the use thereof is not always necessary and is omitted. can do. P 1 and P 2 indicate packed layers, T indicates a cylinder, and arrows indicate the flow direction of the fluid.
【0024】図16において、充填層P1を流下する液
体又は気体混合物は、充填層P1の底部から充填層P1の
底部と集合板10との間の空間部Ta内に流下する。充
填層P1の底部から流下する液体において、筒体中心部
から流下するA1と、筒体周縁部から流下する液体B1と
は、流下量及び成分組成において不均一なものとなって
いる。また、流下する液体が気液混合物の場合には、流
下する気液混合物A1とB1とは、その気液比においても
不均一なものとなっている。空間部Taに流下した液体
は、集合板により旋回流となってその下方の第1分配板
11上に流下し、第1分配板11上に一定の液高さで滞
留するとともに、その分配板11の透孔を通って第2分
配板12上に流下する。第1分配板11上に滞留する液
体は、その液体に流下する旋回流の旋回作用により混合
され、均一化される。第2分配板12上に流下した液体
は、第2分配板12上に一定の液高さで滞留するととも
に、その分配板12の透孔を通って充填層P2の上部へ
流下し、充填層P2間を流下する。第2分配板12を通
って流下する液体において、筒体中心部から流下する液
体A2と、筒体周縁部から流下する液体B2とは、その流
下量及び成分組成において均一なものとなっている。ま
た、流下する液体が気液混合物の場合には、流下する気
液混合物A2とB2とは、その気液比においても均一なも
のとなっている。[0024] In FIG. 16, the liquid or gas mixture flows down the packed layer P 1 flows down into the space Ta between the set plate 10 and the bottom of the packed layer P 1 from the bottom of the packed bed P 1. In the liquid flowing down from the bottom of the packed bed P 1 , the liquid A 1 flowing down from the central portion of the cylinder and the liquid B 1 flowing down from the peripheral edge of the cylinder are inhomogeneous in terms of the amount and the component composition. . Further, when the liquid flowing down is a gas-liquid mixture, the flowing gas-liquid mixtures A 1 and B 1 are also non-uniform in their gas-liquid ratio. The liquid that has flowed down into the space portion Ta becomes a swirl flow by the collecting plate, flows down onto the first distribution plate 11 below it, and stays on the first distribution plate 11 at a constant liquid height, and at the same time, the distribution plate. It flows down through the through hole 11 onto the second distribution plate 12. The liquid staying on the first distribution plate 11 is mixed and made uniform by the swirling action of the swirling flow flowing down to the liquid. The liquid flowing down on the second distribution plate 12 stays on the second distribution plate 12 at a constant liquid height, and flows down through the through holes of the distribution plate 12 to the upper part of the packed bed P 2 for filling. Flow down between layers P 2 . In the liquid flowing down through the second distribution plate 12, the liquid A 2 flowing down from the central part of the cylinder and the liquid B 2 flowing down from the peripheral part of the cylinder are uniform in the amount of flow down and the component composition. ing. Further, when the liquid that flows down is a gas-liquid mixture, the gas-liquid mixtures A 2 and B 2 that flow down are also uniform in their gas-liquid ratio.
【0025】図16に示した接触装置においては、必要
に応じ、筒体Tの外部から気体又は液体を空間部Ta内
に導入することができる。気液接触装置によっては、充
填層から流下する液体を加熱又は冷却するタイプのもの
があるが、このような場合、外部から液状又は気体状の
加熱媒体や冷却媒体を空間部Ta内に導入する。本発明
の集合板は、前記したように、気液接触作用や、液/液
混合作用にすぐれていることから、それら加熱媒体や冷
却媒体による液体の加熱や冷却を効果的に達成すること
ができる。In the contact device shown in FIG. 16, gas or liquid can be introduced into the space Ta from the outside of the tubular body T, if necessary. Depending on the gas-liquid contact device, there is a type that heats or cools the liquid flowing down from the packed bed. In such a case, a liquid or gaseous heating medium or cooling medium is introduced into the space Ta from the outside. . As described above, the collecting plate of the present invention is excellent in the gas-liquid contact action and the liquid / liquid mixing action, so that it is possible to effectively achieve the heating and cooling of the liquid by the heating medium and the cooling medium. it can.
【0026】次に、本発明の集合分配機構を複数の触媒
充填層を有する炭化水素油の水素化処理塔に適用した場
合の水素化処理塔の説明断面図を示す。図17におい
て、1は本発明による液体集合板の液体受止板、21、
22は触媒充填層、26は触媒充填層を支持するための
格子構造を有するサポートグリッド、27、28は多孔
板、32はクエンチガス(水素)導入管、33はクエン
チガスリング、34は無孔板を各示す。クエンチガスリ
ング33、液体集合板、多孔板27、多孔板28は、液
体の急冷集合分配機構を形成する。Next, an explanatory sectional view of a hydrotreating tower in the case where the collective distribution mechanism of the present invention is applied to a hydrotreating tower of a hydrocarbon oil having a plurality of catalyst packed beds is shown. In FIG. 17, 1 is a liquid receiving plate of the liquid collecting plate according to the present invention, 21,
22 is a catalyst packed layer, 26 is a support grid having a lattice structure for supporting the catalyst packed layer, 27 and 28 are perforated plates, 32 is a quench gas (hydrogen) introduction pipe, 33 is a quench gas ring, and 34 is a non-perforated plate. Each plate is shown. The quench gas ring 33, the liquid collecting plate, the perforated plate 27, and the perforated plate 28 form a liquid rapid cooling collecting and distributing mechanism.
【0027】サポートグリッド26は、触媒充填層21
を支持するためのもので、格子構造を有する板状体から
なる。多孔板27、28は、流下する気液混合物を半径
方向に均一な流量で流下分配させるためのものである。
多孔板27の孔径は5〜50mm程度であり、多孔板2
8の孔径は5〜30mm程度であり、多孔板27は気液
混合物をやや粗い流量分布で流下分配させ、多孔板28
は気液混合物を均一化された流量分布で流下分配させ
る。これらの多孔板はいずれか一方又は両方を省略する
こともできる。クエンチリング33は、周面に多数のガ
ス噴出孔を有する環状パイプからなり、クエンチガス導
入管32から導入されたクエンチガスを反応筒T内の空
間に噴出し、反応筒内を流下する反応生成物(気液混合
物)を急冷させる。The support grid 26 includes the catalyst packed layer 21.
And a plate-like body having a lattice structure. The perforated plates 27, 28 are for distributing the flowing gas-liquid mixture at a uniform flow rate in the radial direction.
The hole diameter of the perforated plate 27 is about 5 to 50 mm.
The hole diameter of 8 is about 5 to 30 mm, and the perforated plate 27 distributes the gas-liquid mixture downward with a slightly rough flow rate distribution.
Distributes the gas-liquid mixture with a uniform flow distribution. One or both of these porous plates may be omitted. The quench ring 33 is composed of an annular pipe having a large number of gas ejection holes on its peripheral surface, ejects the quench gas introduced from the quench gas introduction pipe 32 into the space inside the reaction tube T, and produces reaction by flowing down in the reaction tube. Quench the object (gas-liquid mixture).
【0028】触媒充填層21、22は、従来公知の水素
化処理触媒粒子からなる。水素化処理触媒としては、例
えば、アルミナ、シリカ、チアニア、ボリア、ジルコニ
ア、シリカ−アルミナ、シリカ−マグネシア、アルミナ
−チタニア、アルミナ−マグネシア、アルミナ−ボリ
ア、アルミナ−ジルコニア等の多孔性無機酸化物担体
に、クロム、モリブデン、タングステン、コバルト等の
水素化活性金属の少なくとも1種類を担持させたもの等
を挙げることができる。The catalyst packed layers 21 and 22 are composed of conventionally known hydrotreating catalyst particles. Examples of the hydrotreating catalyst include porous inorganic oxide carriers such as alumina, silica, cyania, boria, zirconia, silica-alumina, silica-magnesia, alumina-titania, alumina-magnesia, alumina-boria, and alumina-zirconia. Examples thereof include those carrying at least one kind of hydrogenation active metal such as chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and cobalt.
【0029】図17に示した構造の水素化処理塔を用い
て炭化水素油の水素化処理を行うためには、原料炭化水
素油と水素との混合物を300〜450℃、50〜20
0kg/cm2Gの高温加圧下で触媒充填層21の上部
からその触媒充填層21中を流下させる。このことによ
り、炭化水素油中のイオウ分や窒素分等の不純物は水素
との反応により硫化水素やアンモニア等のガス状物に変
換されるとともに、炭化水素油は分解や水素添加等の反
応を受け、それらの反応生成物を含む水素化処理生成物
が得られる。In order to carry out hydrotreating of hydrocarbon oil using the hydrotreating tower having the structure shown in FIG. 17, a mixture of raw hydrocarbon oil and hydrogen is heated to 300 to 450 ° C. and 50 to 20.
Under the high temperature pressure of 0 kg / cm 2 G, the catalyst packed bed 21 is made to flow down from the upper part of the catalyst packed bed 21. As a result, impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen in hydrocarbon oil are converted to gaseous substances such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia by reaction with hydrogen, and hydrocarbon oil undergoes reactions such as decomposition and hydrogenation. A hydrotreating product containing these reaction products is obtained.
【0030】前記のようにして、触媒充填層21の底部
からは、水素化処理生成物として、硫化水素やアンモニ
ア及び炭化水素物の分解により生成した分解ガス(メタ
ンやエタン等)等を含む水素ガスと水素化処理油の混合
物が流下し、クエンチ帯域Taに入り、ここで導管32
を通り、クエンチリング33から噴出されるクエンチガ
ス(水素ガス)と接触してクエンチ(急冷)される。炭
化水素油の水素化反応は発熱反応であり、触媒充填層2
1から得られる水素化処理生成物は、触媒充填層21へ
の供給温度よりも高温のものとなっており、これを急冷
せずに、高温のまま次の触媒充填層22を流下させる
と、触媒充填層22内において、多量のコーキングを生
じたり、暴走反応を生じたり、触媒の失活等の不都合を
生じ、所期の水素化処理が達成されないおそれがある
が、前記のクエンチにより、このような不都合の発生を
防止することができる。As described above, from the bottom of the catalyst-packed layer 21, hydrogen containing hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and cracked gas (methane, ethane, etc.) generated by decomposing hydrocarbons as hydrogenation products. The mixture of gas and hydrotreated oil flows down and enters the quench zone Ta, where the conduit 32
And is contacted with the quench gas (hydrogen gas) ejected from the quench ring 33 to be quenched (quenched). The hydrogenation reaction of hydrocarbon oil is an exothermic reaction, and the catalyst packed bed 2
The hydrotreated product obtained from No. 1 has a temperature higher than the supply temperature to the catalyst packed bed 21, and if the next catalyst packed bed 22 is allowed to flow down at a high temperature without being rapidly cooled, In the catalyst packed bed 22, a large amount of coking may occur, a runaway reaction may occur, inconvenience such as catalyst deactivation may occur, and the desired hydrotreatment may not be achieved. It is possible to prevent such an inconvenience.
【0031】前記のようにしてクエンチされた気流混合
物からなる水素化処理生成物は、本発明による液体集合
板によって集合混合された後、多孔板27、28を順次
流下し、第2触媒充填層22中を流下し、その間に水素
化処理を受け、その触媒充填層の底部から気液混合物か
らなる水素化処理生成物が得られる。この水素化処理生
成物は、常法により気液分離された後、蒸留処理され
る。The hydrotreated product consisting of the air-stream mixture quenched as described above is collected and mixed by the liquid collecting plate according to the present invention, and then sequentially flowed down the perforated plates 27 and 28 to form a second catalyst packed bed. It is made to flow down through 22 and is hydrotreated during that time, and a hydrotreated product consisting of a gas-liquid mixture is obtained from the bottom of the catalyst packed bed. The hydrotreated product is subjected to distillation treatment after being gas-liquid separated by a conventional method.
【0032】前記のようにして炭化水素油を水素化処理
する場合、触媒充填層中には充填の不均一さにより流体
の通過しやすい通路等が存在し、流下する炭化水素油の
水素化処理に不均一性が生じるため、触媒充填層底部か
らクエンチ帯域Ta内に流下する水素化処理生成物の成
分組成は、反応塔の横断面方向に対し、不均一に分布し
たものとなる。本発明による液体集合板は、その成分組
成の横断面方向への分布が不均一な状態で流下する水素
化処理生物を集合させ、これを旋回流として下方の多孔
板上に流下させることから、多孔板上に滞留する水素化
処理生成物の成分組成は、反応塔の横断面方向に均一に
分布したものとなる。またクエンチ帯域Taに噴出され
たクエンチガスも、水素化処理生成物とともに、本発明
の集合板を通るため、水素化処理生成物とクエンチガス
との混合も均一化され、集合板を通った気液混合物は、
全体的に気体と液体とが均一に混合したものとなり、同
時に所定温度に冷却されたものである。このようにし
て、効率的な水素化処理が達成される。When the hydrocarbon oil is hydrotreated as described above, the catalyst packed bed has a passage or the like through which the fluid easily passes due to the nonuniform packing, so that the hydrocarbon oil flowing down is hydrotreated. Therefore, the component composition of the hydrotreated product flowing down from the bottom portion of the catalyst packed bed into the quench zone Ta becomes non-uniformly distributed in the cross-sectional direction of the reaction tower. The liquid collecting plate according to the present invention collects hydrotreated organisms that flow down in a state where the distribution of its component composition in the cross-sectional direction is non-uniform, and since it is made to flow down onto the lower porous plate as a swirling flow, The component composition of the hydrotreated product staying on the porous plate is uniformly distributed in the cross-sectional direction of the reaction tower. Further, since the quench gas ejected to the quench zone Ta also passes through the collecting plate of the present invention together with the hydroprocessing product, the mixing of the hydroprocessing product and the quench gas is made uniform, and the gas that has passed through the collecting plate is obtained. The liquid mixture is
The gas and the liquid are uniformly mixed as a whole and are simultaneously cooled to a predetermined temperature. In this way, efficient hydrotreating is achieved.
【0033】[0033]
【発明の効果】本発明の液体集合板は、液液接触又は気
液接触を行わせる各種の充填塔あるいは複数の棚段を有
する多段塔等の接触装置に対して適用され、その筒体内
を流下する液体を集合混合させ、旋回流として下方に流
下させる作用効果を示す。この場合、筒体内を上方又は
下方に流通する気体が存在する場合には、その気体と液
体との良好な気液接触が達成される。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The liquid collecting plate of the present invention is applied to a contact device such as various packed towers or multi-stage towers having a plurality of trays for performing liquid-liquid contact or gas-liquid contact, and the inside of the cylinder is The action and effect of causing the flowing liquids to be aggregated and mixed and to flow downward as a swirling flow is shown. In this case, when there is a gas that flows upward or downward in the cylinder, good gas-liquid contact between the gas and the liquid is achieved.
【0034】本発明の液体の集合分配機構は、筒体内を
流下する液体を、筒体の横断方向に対して、均一化され
た流量分布及び成分組成分布で下方に流下させる作用効
果を示す。The liquid collecting / distributing mechanism of the present invention has the effect of causing the liquid flowing down in the cylinder to flow downward in the transverse direction of the cylinder with a uniform flow rate distribution and component composition distribution.
【0035】本発明の液体の気液又は液液接触集合分配
機構は、筒体内を流下する液体と筒体内に導入された急
冷用又は加熱用気体又は液体とを効率よく接触させて効
率よく急冷又は加熱させるとともに、筒体の横断面方向
に対して、均一化された流量分布及び成分組成分布で下
方に流下させる作用効果を示すThe liquid-vapor or liquid-liquid contact collecting / distributing mechanism of the present invention efficiently and rapidly cools the liquid flowing down in the cylinder with the quenching or heating gas or liquid introduced into the cylinder. Or, it has the effect of heating and causing it to flow downward with a uniform flow distribution and component composition distribution in the cross-sectional direction of the cylinder.
【0036】本発明の液体の集合分配機構又は液体の気
液又は液液接触集合分配機構を有する接触装置は、筒体
内を流下する液体が、筒体の横断方向に対して均一化さ
れた流量分布及び成分組成分布であるため、気液接触効
率や、液液接触効率、反応効率等の点で著しく改良され
たものである。The contact device having the liquid collecting / distributing mechanism or the gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact collecting / distributing mechanism of the present invention has a uniform flow rate of the liquid flowing down in the cylinder in the transverse direction of the cylinder. Since it has a distribution and a component composition distribution, it is remarkably improved in terms of gas-liquid contact efficiency, liquid-liquid contact efficiency, reaction efficiency and the like.
【0037】本発明の液体の気液又は液液接触集合分配
機構を有する処理塔は、筒体内を流下する水素化処理生
成物が、筒体の横断面方向に対して均一化された流量分
布及び成分組成分布であるとともに、水素化処理生成物
の急冷用気体(水素)による急冷を効率よく行うことが
できるため、多量のコーキング発生や、暴走反応及び接
触の急激な失活を防止し、効率的な水素化処理を達成す
ることができる。The treatment tower having the liquid-vapor or liquid-liquid contact aggregation distribution mechanism of the present invention has a flow rate distribution in which the hydrogenation products flowing down in the cylinder are made uniform in the cross-sectional direction of the cylinder. In addition to the component composition distribution, it is possible to efficiently quench the hydrotreated product with a quenching gas (hydrogen), so that a large amount of coking is generated, runaway reaction and sudden deactivation of contact are prevented. Efficient hydrotreating can be achieved.
【図1】本発明の液体集合板の1つの実施例についての
その上方から見た平面図を示す。FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a liquid collecting plate according to the present invention as seen from above.
【図2】その斜視図を示す。FIG. 2 shows a perspective view thereof.
【図3】その分解斜視図を示す。FIG. 3 shows an exploded perspective view thereof.
【図4】図1におけるIV−IV断面図を示す。FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.
【図5】その筒体内への設置状態図を示す。FIG. 5 shows a state of installation in the cylinder.
【図6】その受止板の平面図を示す。FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the receiving plate.
【図7】その短筒体の斜視図を示す。FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the short tubular body.
【図8】その短筒体内周面に対する仕切板の取付け説明
図を示す。FIG. 8 shows an explanatory view of how the partition plate is attached to the peripheral surface of the short cylinder.
【図9】本発明の液体集合板の他の実施例についてのそ
の上方から見た平面図を示す。FIG. 9 is a plan view of another embodiment of the liquid collecting plate according to the present invention viewed from above.
【図10】その斜視図を示す。FIG. 10 shows a perspective view thereof.
【図11】その分解図を示す。FIG. 11 shows an exploded view thereof.
【図12】図9におけるXII−XII断面図を示す。12 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG.
【図13】その液体受止板の平面図を示す。FIG. 13 shows a plan view of the liquid receiving plate.
【図14】その短筒体の斜視図を示す。FIG. 14 shows a perspective view of the short tubular body.
【図15】その短筒体内周面に対する仕切板の取付け説
明図を示す。FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of how the partition plate is attached to the peripheral surface of the short cylinder body.
【図16】本発明の液体の集合分配機構の構成説明図を
示す。FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the structure of a liquid collecting and distributing mechanism of the present invention.
【図17】本発明の液体の急冷集合分配機構を有する水
素化処理塔の説明断面図を示す。FIG. 17 shows an explanatory cross-sectional view of a hydrotreatment tower having a liquid rapid cooling collective distribution mechanism of the present invention.
1、101 液体受止板 2、102 開口部 3、103 開口部被覆板 4、104 短筒体 5、105 仕切板 7、107 開口 8、108 旋回流形成流路 11、12、27、28 多孔板 13 無孔板 14 旋回流幕 21、22 触媒充填層 26 サポートグリッド 32 クエンチガス導入管 33 クエンチリング 34 無孔板 P1、P2 充填物 T 筒体 Ta 上部空間 Tb 下部空間1, 101 Liquid receiving plate 2, 102 Opening part 3, 103 Opening covering plate 4, 104 Short tube body 5, 105 Partition plate 7, 107 Opening 8, 108 Swirl flow forming flow path 11, 12, 27, 28 Porous Plate 13 Non-perforated plate 14 Swirling flow curtain 21, 22 Catalyst packing layer 26 Support grid 32 Quench gas introduction pipe 33 Quench ring 34 Non-perforated plate P 1 , P 2 Packing T Tubular body Ta Upper space Tb Lower space
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 梶山 隆一郎 神奈川県横浜市鶴見区鶴見中央二丁目12番 1号 千代田化工建設株式会社内 (72)発明者 下山 義和 神奈川県横浜市鶴見区鶴見中央二丁目12番 1号 千代田化工建設株式会社内 (72)発明者 田中 純一郎 神奈川県横浜市鶴見区鶴見中央二丁目12番 1号 千代田化工建設株式会社内 (54)【発明の名称】 液体の集合方法及び集合板と、液体の集合分配方法及び集合分配機構と、液体の気液又は液液接 触方法及び液体の気液又は液液接触機構と、液体の気液又は液液接触集合分配機構と、それらの 機構を含む装置Front page continuation (72) Inventor Ryuichiro Kajiyama 2-12-1, Tsurumi Chuo, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Chiyoda Kakoh Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Yoshikazu Shimoyama 2--12, Tsurumi-chu, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa No. 1 in Chiyoda Kakoh Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Junichiro Tanaka 2-12-1, Tsurumi Chuo, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Chiyoda Kakoh Construction Co., Ltd. (54) [Title of Invention] Liquid collecting method and collecting plate , A liquid collective distribution method and a collective distribution mechanism, a liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contacting method and a liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact mechanism, a liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact collective distribution mechanism, and Device including mechanism
Claims (21)
受止するとともに、その受止板に形成された開口部から
旋回流として下方に流下させることを特徴とする筒体内
を流下する液体の集合方法。1. A downflow in a cylinder, characterized in that a liquid flowing down in the cylinder is received on a liquid receiving plate, and is made to flow downward as a swirl flow from an opening formed in the receiving plate. Liquid collection method.
板の開口部上方に間隔を置いて配設された開口部被覆体
と、液体受止板の開口部周縁と開口部被覆体との間に形
成された複数の液体流入口と、液体受止板の開口部周縁
に上端が連設され、内周面が液体受止板の開口部中心線
方向に向う傾斜面に形成された短筒体と、液体受止板の
開口部周縁に形成された液体流入口に連通する短筒体内
周面上にその内周面の下方斜め方向に沿って形成された
複数の旋回流形成流路からなることを特徴とする筒体内
を流下する液体集合板。2. A liquid stop plate having an opening, an opening cover provided at a distance above the opening of the liquid stop plate, a periphery of the opening of the liquid stop plate, and an opening cover. A plurality of liquid inlets formed between the body and the body and an upper end connected to the peripheral edge of the opening of the liquid receiving plate, and the inner peripheral surface is formed as an inclined surface facing the center line direction of the opening of the liquid receiving plate. A plurality of swirling flows formed on the peripheral surface of the short cylindrical body communicating with the short cylindrical body and the liquid inflow port formed at the peripheral edge of the opening of the liquid receiving plate along the obliquely downward direction of the inner peripheral surface. A liquid collecting plate that flows down in a cylinder characterized by comprising a forming flow path.
の内周面の下方斜め方向に沿って立設され、その上辺部
が開口部被覆板の下面に接合している複数の四辺形状仕
切板により形成されたものである請求項2の液体集合
板。3. A plurality of swirl flow forming flow passages are provided upright on a peripheral surface of a short cylindrical body along an obliquely downward direction of the inner peripheral surface, and an upper side thereof is joined to a lower surface of an opening cover plate. The liquid collecting plate according to claim 2, which is formed by the quadrilateral partition plate.
請求項2又は3の液体集合板。4. The liquid collecting plate according to claim 2, wherein the cross section of the short cylinder is polygonal or circular.
からなり、旋回流形成流路が、短筒体内周面を形成する
8個の逆台形状斜面上のその各逆台形のあらかじめ定め
られた一方の対角線に沿って立設され、その上辺部が開
口部被覆板の下面に接合している8個の四辺形状仕切板
により形成されたものである請求項2の液体集合板。5. The short tubular body comprises a short tubular body having an octagonal cross section, and the swirl flow forming flow passage has eight inverted trapezoidal slopes forming the circumferential surface of the short tubular body. 3. The liquid according to claim 2, which is formed by eight quadrilateral partition plates which are erected along one predetermined diagonal line of the trapezoid and whose upper side is joined to the lower surface of the opening covering plate. Assembly board.
からなり、旋回流形成流路が、短筒体内周面の上にその
内周面の下方斜め方向に沿って立設され、その上辺部が
開口部被覆板の下面に接合している複数の四辺形状仕切
板により形成されたものである請求項2の液体集合板。6. The short tubular body is formed of a short tubular body having a circular cross section, and the swirling flow forming flow path is erected on the inner circumferential surface of the short tubular body along a downward oblique direction of the inner circumferential surface. 3. The liquid collecting plate according to claim 2, wherein the upper side portion is formed by a plurality of quadrilateral partition plates joined to the lower surface of the opening covering plate.
流とした後、この旋回流を分配機構を通して下方に流下
させることを特徴とする筒体内を流下する液体の集合分
配方法。7. A method of collecting and distributing a liquid flowing down in a cylinder, comprising collecting liquids flowing down in the cylinder into a swirl flow, and then causing the swirl flow to flow downward through a distribution mechanism.
流とするために、請求項2〜6のいずれかの液体集合板
を用いる請求項7の液体の集合分配方法。8. The method of collecting and distributing liquid according to claim 7, wherein the liquid collecting plate according to any one of claims 2 to 6 is used to collect the liquid flowing down in the cylinder into a swirl flow.
と、その下方に配設した液体分配機構からなることを特
徴とする筒体内を流下する液体の集合分配機構。9. A collecting and distributing mechanism for a liquid flowing down in a cylinder, comprising the liquid collecting plate according to claim 2 and a liquid distributing mechanism arranged below the liquid collecting plate.
9の液体の集合分配機構。10. The liquid collecting and distributing mechanism according to claim 9, wherein the liquid distributing mechanism is a perforated plate.
体又は液体を混合し、この混合物を集合させ、旋回流と
し下方に流下させることを特徴とする筒体内を流下する
液体の気液又は液液接触方法。11. A gas-liquid liquid flowing down in a cylinder, characterized by mixing a gas or a liquid from the outside with a liquid flowing down in the cylinder and collecting the mixture to make a swirl flow downward. Liquid-liquid contact method.
体又は液体との混合物を集合させ、旋回流とするため
に、請求項2〜6のいずれかの液体集合板を用いる請求
項11の液体の気液又は液液接触方法。12. The liquid collecting plate according to claim 2 is used to collect a mixture of a liquid flowing down in the cylinder and a gas or a liquid from the outside to form a swirling flow. Liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact method.
液体が、筒体内を流下する液体を冷却又は加熱するため
の気体又は液体である請求項11又は12の液体の気液
又は液液接触方法。13. A gas-liquid contact method or a liquid-liquid contact method for liquid according to claim 11, wherein the gas or liquid from the outside which is brought into contact with the liquid is a gas or liquid for cooling or heating the liquid flowing down in the cylinder. .
請求項2〜6のいずれかの液体集合板とからなることを
特徴とする筒体内を流下する液体の気体接触機構。14. A gas contact mechanism for a liquid flowing down in a cylinder, comprising a gas ejection pipe and the liquid collecting plate according to claim 2 arranged below the gas ejection pipe.
熱用気体又は液体の噴出管である請求項14の液体の気
液又は液液接触機構。15. The liquid-vapor or liquid-liquid contact mechanism according to claim 14, wherein the gas or liquid ejection pipe is a cooling or heating gas or liquid ejection pipe.
設した請求項9又は10の液体の集合分配機構とからな
ることを特徴とする筒体内を流下する液体の気体又は液
体接触集合分配機構。16. A gas or liquid contact collective distribution of a liquid flowing down in a cylindrical body, comprising a gas or liquid ejection pipe and a liquid collective distribution mechanism according to claim 9 or 10 disposed below the gas or liquid ejection pipe. mechanism.
熱用気体又は液体の噴出管である請求項16の液体の気
液又は液液接触集合分配機構。17. The vapor-liquid or liquid-liquid contact collective distribution mechanism according to claim 16, wherein the gas or liquid ejection pipe is a cooling or heating gas or liquid ejection pipe.
間又は複数の棚段を有する多段塔の棚段間に、請求項9
又は10の液体の集合分配機構を備えたことを特徴とす
る気液又は液液接触装置。18. The packing layer of a packed column having a plurality of packed beds or between the trays of a multi-column tower having a plurality of trays.
Alternatively, a gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact device including the liquid collecting and distributing mechanism of 10.
液体の集合分配機構を備えたことを特徴とする反応装
置。19. A reaction apparatus comprising the liquid collecting and distributing mechanism of claim 9 between the catalyst-filled layers.
の液体の気液又は液液接触集合分配機構を備えたことを
特徴とする反応装置。20. The method according to claim 16, wherein the catalyst-filled layer is provided between the catalyst-filled layers.
And a liquid-liquid contact / collection distribution mechanism of the liquid.
7の液体の気液又は液液接触分配機構を備えたことを特
徴とする水素化反応装置。21. The method according to claim 16 or 1 between the hydrogenation catalyst layers.
7. A hydrogenation reaction device comprising a liquid-liquid or liquid-liquid contact distribution mechanism of 7.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP33303594A JP3672955B2 (en) | 1993-12-15 | 1994-12-14 | Liquid collecting method and collecting plate, liquid collecting and distributing method and collecting and distributing mechanism, liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact method, liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact mechanism, and liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact set Distributing mechanism and apparatus including these mechanisms |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP34311893 | 1993-12-15 | ||
JP5-343118 | 1993-12-15 | ||
JP33303594A JP3672955B2 (en) | 1993-12-15 | 1994-12-14 | Liquid collecting method and collecting plate, liquid collecting and distributing method and collecting and distributing mechanism, liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact method, liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact mechanism, and liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact set Distributing mechanism and apparatus including these mechanisms |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH07222921A true JPH07222921A (en) | 1995-08-22 |
JP3672955B2 JP3672955B2 (en) | 2005-07-20 |
Family
ID=26574370
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP33303594A Expired - Lifetime JP3672955B2 (en) | 1993-12-15 | 1994-12-14 | Liquid collecting method and collecting plate, liquid collecting and distributing method and collecting and distributing mechanism, liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact method, liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact mechanism, and liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact set Distributing mechanism and apparatus including these mechanisms |
Country Status (1)
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JP (1) | JP3672955B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0907399A4 (en) * | 1996-06-04 | 2000-03-22 | Fluor Corp | Reactor distribution apparatus and quench zone mixing apparatus |
JP2012063096A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2012-03-29 | Nichias Corp | Flow control body |
JP2016511686A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2016-04-21 | ハルドール・トプサー・アクチエゼルスカベット | Mixing device for reactor |
EP3658271A4 (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2021-01-20 | Uop Llc | Methods and apparatus for fluid contacting in a downflow vessel |
-
1994
- 1994-12-14 JP JP33303594A patent/JP3672955B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0907399A4 (en) * | 1996-06-04 | 2000-03-22 | Fluor Corp | Reactor distribution apparatus and quench zone mixing apparatus |
JP2012063096A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2012-03-29 | Nichias Corp | Flow control body |
JP2016511686A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2016-04-21 | ハルドール・トプサー・アクチエゼルスカベット | Mixing device for reactor |
EP3658271A4 (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2021-01-20 | Uop Llc | Methods and apparatus for fluid contacting in a downflow vessel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3672955B2 (en) | 2005-07-20 |
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