JPH07222531A - Method for growing seedling of paddy rice - Google Patents
Method for growing seedling of paddy riceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07222531A JPH07222531A JP6036503A JP3650394A JPH07222531A JP H07222531 A JPH07222531 A JP H07222531A JP 6036503 A JP6036503 A JP 6036503A JP 3650394 A JP3650394 A JP 3650394A JP H07222531 A JPH07222531 A JP H07222531A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- seedlings
- raising
- seedling
- coated granular
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は水稲移植栽培における育
苗方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、育苗箱に播種育苗後
水田に移植する水稲栽培法に於いて、移植後に必要な肥
料成分のうち少なくとも窒素成分を播種から移植に至る
育苗期間の溶出率が１〜１５重量％の範囲に制御された
溶出機能を有する被覆粒状肥料と矮化作用を有する植物
成長調整剤をあらかじめ床土に添加混合された育苗培土
で育苗することを特徴とする水稲の育苗方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a seedling raising method for transplant cultivation of paddy rice. More specifically, in the paddy rice cultivation method in which seedlings are sown in a nursery box and then transplanted into paddy fields, at least the nitrogen component of the fertilizer components required after the transplantation has an elution rate of 1 to 15% by weight during the seedling raising period from seeding to transplantation. The present invention relates to a method for raising rice seedlings, which comprises raising seedlings in a seedling cultivation soil in which a coated granular fertilizer having a controlled elution function within a range and a plant growth regulator having a dwarfing effect are mixed in advance with bed soil.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術とその問題点】近年、施肥窒素による環境
汚染が深刻になり、従来の多肥多収の農業生産ができな
くなってきている。これは多量に施肥された多くの窒素
肥料成分が植物に吸収されずに流亡あるいはガス化して
地下水や河川のＮＯ3 汚染や大気中に揮散し地球の温暖
化・オゾン層破壊の原因になっていることによる。地球
環境を保全し、人類の食料を確保するための農業技術や
その資材を開発することは農業技術に係わる者の最大の
課題である。かかる観点から本発明者等は作物の吸収に
あわせて肥料を供給できる肥効調節型の被覆粒状肥料の
その利用に係わる研究開発を進め、被覆粒状肥料に関す
る一連の特許（例えば特公昭５４−３１０４号等）を開
示し、その機能を充分に生かした水稲の全量基肥栽培技
術を開発し、利用者側の強力な推進等の助力を得て全国
的に普及活動を進め、肥効成分の利用率を従来のおよそ
２倍に高め、かくして減肥の効果があり、肥料成分の環
境への流出を著しく改善し、当初の目的は一応達成され
た。更に作物への窒素肥料成分の利用率を高め環境への
流出を抑制しようとすれば、単に肥効調節型被覆粒状肥
料の調節精度を高め、吸収量と供給量を一致させるとし
ても一定以上の利用は困難であり、さらなる新技術の発
明が必要に思われた。種々の検討の結果肥料と作物根間
に土壌等の媒体が存在するが、該媒体にたとえばＮＨ4 +
があればＮＯ3 -やＮ2 Ｏに変化し流亡や揮発の原因にな
っており、さらなる効率アップには肥料と作物根の接触
状態の改善が有効であることが明らかにされた。係る状
況下では作物の吸収量を越えて溶出が促進すれば、土壌
緩衝能が期待できず濃度障害により栽培が困難になるの
で厳密な溶出コントロ−ルが必要であるが、従来の全層
施肥や側条施肥といった施肥技術では接触施肥はでき
ず、新たなる施肥または栽培技術が必要である。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, environmental pollution due to fertilizer nitrogen has become serious, and conventional agricultural production with high fertilizer and high yield has become impossible. This is because many nitrogen fertilizer components that have been fertilized in large quantities are not absorbed by plants and run off or gasify, causing NO 3 pollution in groundwater and rivers and volatilizing into the atmosphere, causing global warming and ozone depletion. It depends. The development of agricultural technology and its materials for preserving the global environment and securing human food is the greatest challenge for those involved in agricultural technology. From this point of view, the present inventors proceeded with research and development relating to the use of a controlled fertilization type coated granular fertilizer capable of supplying the fertilizer according to the absorption of crops, and made a series of patents on the coated granular fertilizer (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-3104 No. etc.), and develop a technology for fully basal fertilizing cultivation of paddy rice that makes full use of its function, and promote dissemination activities nationwide with the help of strong promotion of users and use of fertilizing ingredients. The rate was increased to about twice that of the conventional one, and thus it had the effect of reducing fertilizer, significantly improving the outflow of fertilizer components to the environment, and the original purpose was met for the time being. Furthermore, if the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer components to crops is increased and the outflow to the environment is attempted to be suppressed, it is possible to improve the adjustment accuracy of the fertilization control type coated granular fertilizer, and even if the absorption amount and the supply amount are made equal to or above a certain level. It was difficult to use, and it seemed necessary to invent a new technology. There are media such as soil between results fertilizers and crop roots various studies but, NH example, the medium 4 +
If it exists, it is changed to NO 3 − or N 2 O and causes runoff or volatilization, and it has been clarified that improving the contact state between the fertilizer and the crop root is effective for further improving the efficiency. In such a situation, if elution is promoted beyond the amount absorbed by the crop, soil buffering capacity cannot be expected, and cultivation will be difficult due to concentration obstacles, so strict elution control is required, but conventional full-layer fertilization Contact fertilization is not possible with fertilizer application techniques such as side-row fertilizer, and new fertilizer application or cultivation techniques are required.
【０００３】被覆粒状肥料を移植後に必要な肥料分も含
めて水稲育苗培土と共に育苗用に供用する技術について
はすでに開発し、開示されている（特公昭６１−５８４
３９号）。これらの方法により水稲栽培の省力化が顕し
く改善されたが、実質的な接触施肥の形態はおおむね維
持できているにもかかわらず、水稲への吸収利用率が必
ずしも充分ではなかった。更に近年関心の高い米食味等
につき年次変動が目立ち、必ずしも安定的な栽培が困難
であるとの厳しい評価も一部にはあり、これらの観点か
らも新技術の創出が望まれていた。かかる状況に臨み育
苗箱専用被覆粒状肥料の開発研究を重ね、水稲への吸収
利用がきわめて高く、最高品質米と高収量が安定的にし
かも省力で得られる肥料を発明するに至った（特願平４
−２３７６５１号）。水稲育苗箱で育苗し、田植え機に
て本田に移植する水稲栽培法に於いてこの肥料を全量基
肥としてあらかじめ育苗培土と混和後、水稲根と接触さ
せて窒素成分の利用効率を著しく高め得る方法（育苗箱
施肥法）が開発された（特願平５−３２１０４６号）。
育苗箱施肥法は肥料の利用率を著しく高め、省力的に全
量基肥が可能で、未利用成分の流亡による環境負荷を低
減することから革命的な施肥法といえる。A technique for using the coated granular fertilizer together with the necessary fertilizer after transplantation together with the paddy rice raising seedling cultivation soil for raising seedlings has already been developed and disclosed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-584).
No. 39). The labor saving of paddy rice cultivation was significantly improved by these methods, but the absorption utilization rate to paddy rice was not always sufficient, although the form of contact fertilization was substantially maintained. In addition, there are some strict evaluations that stable cultivation is not always possible due to annual fluctuations in rice taste, etc., which have been of great interest in recent years, and from these viewpoints, the creation of new technology has been desired. Under such circumstances, the research and development of the coated granular fertilizer for exclusive use in the nursery box was repeated, and the invention led to the invention of a fertilizer that has extremely high absorption and utilization in paddy rice, stable production of the highest quality rice and high yield and labor saving (Patent application Flat 4
-237651). In the paddy rice cultivation method in which seedlings are raised in a paddy rice raising box and transplanted to Honda by a rice transplanter, a method in which this fertilizer is mixed as a basic fertilizer with the seedling cultivation soil in advance and then contacted with the paddy rice roots to significantly improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen components (Nursing box fertilization method) was developed (Japanese Patent Application No. 5-321046).
The nursery box fertilization method can be said to be a revolutionary fertilization method because it significantly increases the utilization rate of fertilizers, enables labor-saving total base fertilization, and reduces the environmental load due to runaway of unused components.
【０００４】しかしながら、例えば基肥全量を育苗箱に
施用する場合、育苗中の温度や水の管理により変動があ
り、育苗管理が重要となる。多量の肥料を育苗時に施用
すると一般的に徒長し易い傾向にあるといえる。このよ
うに育苗におけるリスクが未だ散見され、省力化全量基
肥栽培体系構築の障害となっている。農業において「苗
半作」と昔からいわれており、苗の良否により作柄が大
きく影響される。水稲の育苗において農業試験場等の多
くの試験結果により苗質が規定されており、これらは育
苗時の温度を１つ間違えても多大な影響を受ける。苗質
は草丈、葉数、乾物重のみならず肥料や水の吸収に関す
る根量と発根能力、病虫害保有の有無等から客観的に評
価することは難しい。また、通常は年一作であり、育苗
の失敗は許されない。例えば栽培規模が大きな農家の場
合必要な苗は多くなり、これらを育苗する上で苗質を均
一にするためにはきめ細かい育苗管理が必要であるが規
模が大きくなればなるほど困難であり、できたとしても
多くの労苦を伴い非省力的である。However, for example, when the total amount of basal fertilizer is applied to a nursery box, the temperature varies during the raising of seedlings and the control of water makes the raising control important. It can generally be said that if a large amount of fertilizer is applied at the time of raising seedlings, it tends to be overgrown. In this way, risks in raising seedlings are still scattered, which is an obstacle to the construction of a labor-saving total-basic fertilizer cultivation system. It has long been said in agriculture that "seedlings are half cropped", and the quality of the seedlings greatly affects the pattern. In the rice seedling raising, seedling quality is regulated by a lot of test results at agricultural test sites and the like, and even if a mistake is made in the temperature for raising seedlings, these are greatly affected. It is difficult to objectively evaluate the seedling quality not only in terms of plant height, number of leaves, and dry matter weight, but also the amount of roots and rooting ability related to the absorption of fertilizer and water, and the presence or absence of pest damage. In addition, it is usually an annual work, and failure to raise seedlings is not allowed. For example, in the case of a farmer with a large cultivation scale, more seedlings are needed, and in order to raise these seedlings, it is necessary to manage the seedlings in detail in order to make the seedling quality uniform, but the larger the scale, the more difficult it is. However, it is labor-saving with a lot of labor.
【０００５】育苗には、施肥技術、育苗管理技術等があ
り施肥技術面では溶出制御を厳密にし、育苗中の窒素成
分を１〜７重量％にすることで全量育苗箱施肥を達成し
たが、例えば、育苗中の溶出が少ない場合は液肥の添加
等で対応可能であるが、高温時は困難である。また、気
温が急激に上昇したり、平年よりも気温が高く推移した
時は肥料の溶出が速まり、徒長し軟弱な苗となってしま
い、このことも考慮にいれた新たな育苗法が必要であ
る。[0005] For raising seedlings, there are fertilization techniques, seedling management techniques, etc., and in terms of fertilization techniques, the elution control was rigorous, and the nitrogen content in the seedlings was adjusted to 1 to 7% by weight to achieve fertilization in the whole amount in the nursery box. For example, when elution during seedling raising is small, it can be dealt with by adding liquid fertilizer, but it is difficult at high temperature. In addition, when the temperature rises sharply or when the temperature rises above normal, the elution of fertilizer is accelerated, and the seedlings become slender and weak, so a new seedling raising method that takes this into consideration is necessary. Is.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】地域により栽培方法や
栽培環境、品種等が多種多様でありこれらの育苗法も地
域差がある。このため同じ地域でも施用後から溶出開始
までの誘導期間を制御するのは困難であり誘導期間中の
溶出量は製造条件、育苗管理等により影響され多少のず
れを生じるが特に育苗管理については温度、水分等制御
が困難であり年次変動があるためこれらが、水稲苗の苗
質に大きく影響を及ぼすものと考えられる。育苗時の諸
条件の変動にもかかわらずに安定的に移植に適した健苗
を得る方法が求められている。このような状況に鑑み、
本発明者らは容易に健苗を得る育苗方法について長年鋭
意検討した結果、移植前および移植後に必要な肥料成分
の中、少なくとも被覆粒状肥料の窒素成分を播種から移
植に至る育苗期間の溶出率が１〜１５重量％、好ましく
は１〜１０重量％の範囲に制御された溶出機能を有する
被覆粒状肥料と矮化作用を有する植物成長調整剤をあら
かじめ育苗培土への添加混合することにより、徒長する
ことなく安定的に健苗を得ることが可能となることを見
いだし本発明に到達した。以上の記述からも明かなよう
に本発明の目的は、育苗箱全量基肥施肥法における育苗
期間中の諸変動要因に対し、矮化作用を有する植物成長
調整剤を併用処理することで、水稲苗の徒長等の育苗時
のリスクを回避し、より安全容易に移植に最適な健苗を
得るための育苗方法を提供することである。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] There are various cultivating methods, cultivating environments, varieties and the like depending on the region, and these seedling raising methods also have regional differences. For this reason, it is difficult to control the induction period from application to the start of elution in the same area, and the elution amount during the induction period is affected by manufacturing conditions, seedling management, etc. Since it is difficult to control the water content and there are yearly fluctuations, it is considered that these have a great influence on the seedling quality of paddy rice seedlings. There is a demand for a method of stably obtaining healthy seedlings suitable for transplantation despite changes in various conditions during seedling raising. In view of this situation,
As a result of intensive studies for many years on a seedling raising method for easily obtaining healthy seedlings, the present inventors have found that among the fertilizer components necessary before and after transplantation, at least the nitrogen component of the coated granular fertilizer is dissolved at the seedling raising period from seeding to transplantation. Is 1 to 15% by weight, preferably 1 to 10% by weight, by adding and mixing a coated granular fertilizer having a controlled elution function and a plant growth regulator having a dwarfing effect to the nursery soil beforehand. The inventors have found that it is possible to stably obtain healthy seedlings without doing so and reached the present invention. As is clear from the above description, the object of the present invention is to treat various factors during the seedling raising period in the seedling raising box total basal fertilization method, by co-treatment with a plant growth regulator having a dwarfing effect, to thereby reduce paddy rice seedlings. It is an object of the present invention to provide a seedling raising method for avoiding the risk of raising the seedlings of seedlings, etc., and obtaining safe seedlings that are optimal for transplantation more safely and easily.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、下記（１）な
いし（３）の構成を有する。 （１）育苗箱で播種育苗し、得られた苗を田植機で水田
に移植する水稲栽培法において、育苗中ならびに移植後
に必要かつ十分な肥料成分を含有する被覆粒状肥料と植
物成長調整剤を添加混合した育苗培土で育苗することを
特徴とする水稲の育苗方法。 （２）播種から移植に至るまでの育苗期間中の肥効成分
窒素の溶出率が１〜１５重量％の範囲に制御された溶出
機能を有する被覆粒状肥料を用いる前記（１）に記載の
水稲の育苗方法。 （３）植物成長調整剤が矮化作用を有する農薬活性成分
を含有する薬剤である前記（１）に記載の水稲の育苗方
法。The present invention has the following constitutions (1) to (3). (1) In a paddy rice cultivation method in which seedlings are sown and raised in a seedling raising box, and the obtained seedlings are transplanted to a paddy field by a rice transplanter, a coated granular fertilizer and a plant growth regulator containing necessary and sufficient fertilizer components during and after the seedling raising. A method for raising seedlings of paddy rice, which comprises raising seedlings by adding and mixing seedlings. (2) The paddy rice according to (1) above, which uses a coated granular fertilizer having an elution function in which the elution rate of the fertilizing component nitrogen during the seedling raising period from sowing to transplanting is controlled to be in the range of 1 to 15% by weight. Seedling raising method. (3) The method for raising rice seedlings according to (1) above, wherein the plant growth regulator is a drug containing an agrochemical active ingredient having a dwarfing effect.
【０００８】本発明の構成と効果について以下に詳述す
る。本発明の育苗方法で供用された被覆粒状肥料は通常
は田植え機にて稚苗や中苗等の育苗マットより本田に移
植されるが移植後の肥効成分溶出が植物体の養分吸収特
性に適合するように制御されることは当然の事であり、
品種や地域等により夫々決定されるべきである。また、
肥効成分については窒素は必須であるが例えば加里やリ
ン酸分については育苗箱施肥を満たすべく制御された被
覆粒状肥料の形態で育苗時に使用することも出来るが、
他の方法例えば移植前に本田に施肥しておいてもよい。
育苗条件からは一般に施肥量が多いほど育苗培土に混合
する被覆粒状肥料の割合が高くなる。このため保水力等
の培土の物理・化学的性質が悪くなり、灌水等の回数が
増などの特別の管理が必要となるので、一般には出来る
かぎり被覆尿素等の高成分の窒素肥料に絞ることが推奨
される。この場合育苗期間に必要なリン酸、加里分は別
途補給することが望ましい。しかしながらこれらの育苗
管理を充分に行ない且つ保水や養分保持等の改善を行な
えば別途施肥作業をすることへの省力や育苗培土の節減
等の効果が得られ選択利用されることになる。The structure and effect of the present invention will be described in detail below. The coated granular fertilizer used in the seedling raising method of the present invention is usually transplanted to Honda from a nursery mat such as a seedling or a medium seedling in a rice transplanter, but the fertilizing component elution after transplantation is a nutrient absorption property of the plant. It is natural to be controlled to fit,
It should be decided depending on the variety and region. Also,
Nitrogen is essential as a fertilizing component, but for example, potassium and phosphoric acid can be used at the time of raising seedlings in the form of a coated granular fertilizer controlled to satisfy fertilization in a nursery box.
Other methods such as fertilization may be applied to Honda before transplantation.
From the seedling raising conditions, generally, the larger the amount of fertilizer applied, the higher the proportion of the coated granular fertilizer mixed with the seedling growing soil. For this reason, the physical and chemical properties of the soil such as water retention capacity will deteriorate, and special management such as increasing the frequency of irrigation will be required.Generally, if possible, concentrate on nitrogen-rich fertilizers with high components such as coated urea. Is recommended. In this case, it is desirable to separately supply phosphoric acid and potassium needed for the seedling raising period. However, if these seedlings are sufficiently managed and the water retention and nutrient retention are improved, the effect of labor saving for separate fertilization work and saving of seedling cultivation soil can be obtained, and they can be selectively used.
【０００９】本発明によれば育苗時適切に溶出が制御さ
れた被覆粒状肥料を根毛が取り囲み、溶出された窒素成
分は土壌を介することなく植物に直接吸収されるので脱
窒や流亡が極めて少なくなる。移植水稲における肥料と
しての窒素の利用率は基肥又は育苗箱施肥法の比較で
は、尿素又は硫安基肥が２０〜３０重量％、被覆粒状肥
料基肥５５〜６５重量％、育苗箱施肥８０〜９５重量％
で被覆粒状肥料の育苗施肥では利用率が極めて高く減肥
しても高収量の栽培ができ地下水・河川・湖沼への流亡
やＮ2 Ｏ発生量はわずかで無視できる程度である。本発
明方法を普及させることにより、現在先進国の課題にな
っている農産物増産と窒素汚染の悪循環の関係は少なく
とも水稲生産の場では解決でき、新たなる農業技術展開
の基をなすものである。According to the present invention, the root hair surrounds the coated granular fertilizer whose elution is appropriately controlled during seedling raising, and the eluted nitrogen component is directly absorbed by the plant without passing through the soil, so denitrification and runoff are extremely small. Become. The utilization rate of nitrogen as a fertilizer for transplanted paddy rice was 20 to 30% by weight of urea or ammonium sulfate base fertilizer, 55 to 65% by weight of coated granular fertilizer base fertilizer, and 80 to 95% by weight of fertilizer raising box in comparison with the fertilizer application method.
Therefore, the fertilizer application of coated granular fertilizer has a very high utilization rate, and even if the fertilizer is reduced, a high yield can be cultivated and the runoff to groundwater, rivers and lakes and the amount of N 2 O generated are negligible. By spreading the method of the present invention, the relationship between the increased production of agricultural products and the vicious cycle of nitrogen pollution, which is currently an issue in developed countries, can be solved at least in the field of paddy rice production, and is the basis of new agricultural technology development.
【００１０】窒素溶出が多すぎると濃度障害を嫌って根
毛は接触回避し、少なすぎれば根毛の絡み合いは少なく
なる。窒素溶出について、育苗時に必要な量と活着促進
用として培地に含有させておく量（いわゆる弁当肥）が
あることが好ましいと考えられるが、弁当肥を多くしよ
うとすれば徒長傾向になり、さらに溶出が多くなれば害
となる。これらは、育苗管理と密接に関わっており苗質
を微妙なバランスでコントロールせざるを得ない。たと
え稚苗であっても良好な活着を得るためには慣行法で徒
長傾向の栽培管理で植物成長調整剤を添加すると意外に
も効果がある知見を得ることができ、育苗中の肥料の窒
素溶出量を植物成長調整剤を使用しない場合よりも増や
すことができ１５重量％までの範囲で可能である。If the amount of nitrogen elution is too large, the concentration damage is disliked and the root hairs avoid contact, and if it is too small, the entanglement of the root hairs is reduced. Regarding nitrogen elution, it is thought that it is preferable to have an amount necessary for raising seedlings and an amount to be contained in the medium for promoting survival (so-called bento fertilizer), but if more bento fertilizer is attempted, it tends to be overwhelming. It becomes harmful if the amount of elution increases. These are closely related to seedling management, and the seed quality must be controlled with a delicate balance. Even in the case of young seedlings, in order to obtain good survival, it is possible to obtain the findings that it is surprisingly effective to add a plant growth regulator in the cultivation management that tends to be overwhelming by the conventional method. The elution amount can be increased as compared with the case where no plant growth regulator is used, and the range is up to 15% by weight.
【００１１】本発明のねらいの１つに施肥窒素を極限ま
で吸収・利用率を高めることがあり、窒素質肥料とりわ
け成分含有率の高い尿素を主物質とした被覆粒状肥料が
好ましいが、加里やリン酸を含む肥料であっても良い。
この場合に加里やリン酸の溶出が高すぎると根毛が濃度
障害を忌避して被覆粒状肥料を取り囲むことがなくなる
のでこれらの成分は育苗中の溶出を５重量％以下に抑え
ることが望ましい。更に本発明の育苗方法の効果を確実
にするためには水田に移植され、根毛と接触している被
覆粒状肥料からの溶出を生育ステ−ジに合致させる溶出
設定が重要である。これらの溶出の目安は育苗期で１５
重量％以下、移植→幼穂形成期で３５〜４０重量％、幼
穂形成期→収穫期で５５〜６０重量％であり、この範囲
に溶出を管理できれば倒伏が回避でき、多収と食味のバ
ランスも良く、途中の肥培管理の煩雑さもなく、省力減
肥栽培が達成される。本発明効果を普及するには、本発
明条件に合致した溶出のものを選択できるかが重要なポ
イントになるが、圃場溶出の予測法が確立されており、
このシステムを利用すれば本発明が有効に活用できる。One of the aims of the present invention is to increase the absorption and utilization rate of fertilized nitrogen to the utmost limit. Nitrogen fertilizers, especially coated granular fertilizers containing urea having a high content of components as the main substance, are preferred. It may be a fertilizer containing phosphoric acid.
In this case, if the elution of potassium or phosphoric acid is too high, the root hair avoids the concentration disorder and does not surround the coated granular fertilizer, so it is desirable to suppress the elution of these components during seedling raising to 5% by weight or less. Further, in order to ensure the effect of the seedling raising method of the present invention, it is important to set the elution setting so that the elution from the coated granular fertilizer which is transplanted to the paddy field and is in contact with the root hair matches the growth stage. The standard of elution of these is 15 at the seedling raising stage.
Weight% or less, Transplanting → 35-40% by weight during panicle formation period, 55-60% by weight during panicle formation period → harvesting period. If elution can be controlled within this range, lodging can be avoided and a high yield and a good balance of taste are achieved. Good, labor-saving and reduced fertilizer cultivation can be achieved without complicated composting management on the way. In order to popularize the effect of the present invention, it is an important point that it is possible to select an elution that meets the conditions of the present invention, but a method for predicting field elution has been established,
The present invention can be effectively utilized by utilizing this system.
【００１２】一般に被覆粒状肥料からの溶出は主として
土壌温度だけに支配されるので、実際の圃場の施肥後の
温度推移が予知できれば、あらかじめ温度と溶出の相関
関係を求めていくことにより予測計算できる。更に、こ
の関係をプログラム化し、コンピュ−タ−を使って瞬時
に計算できるので特定圃場における特定期間の溶出の予
測計算は容易で、それにあった被覆粒状肥料の溶出設計
或いは数種の既製の候補の中から選択使用できる。速効
性窒素が２０〜３０重量％、被覆粒状肥料が５５〜６５
重量％に対し、本発明では溶出窒素の８０〜９５重量％
以上のほとんどがロスなく吸収利用でき、環境への放出
が極めてわずかで施肥窒素の環境への影響を抑えること
ができる。Generally, the elution from the coated granular fertilizer is mainly controlled only by the soil temperature. Therefore, if the temperature transition after the fertilization in the actual field can be predicted, it can be predicted and calculated by obtaining the correlation between the temperature and the elution in advance. . Furthermore, since this relationship can be programmed and calculated instantly using a computer, it is easy to predict the elution of a specific period in a specific field, and the elution design of coated granular fertilizer or several ready-made candidates suitable for it can be calculated. You can choose from among the available. 20-30% by weight of fast-acting nitrogen, 55-65 coated granular fertilizer
In the present invention, 80 to 95% by weight of the eluted nitrogen is based on
Most of the above can be absorbed and utilized without loss, and the release to the environment is extremely small, and the effect of fertilizer nitrogen on the environment can be suppressed.
【００１３】本発明における被覆粒状肥料としては特に
限定されないが精密溶出コントロールが可能なものが望
ましく、初期の溶出を抑えるものが好ましい。肥料成分
についても広範囲のものが用いられ、窒素、リン酸、加
里のうち少なくとも１種以上を含むものである。これら
以外にもマグネシウム、カルシウムの他に微量要素とし
てキレート鉄、塩化鉄、硫酸鉄、ほう酸、ほう砂、硫酸
マンガン、塩化マンガン、硫酸亜鉛、硫酸銅、モリブデ
ン酸ナトリウム、モリブデン酸アンモニウム等を肥料中
に含んでいても良い。本発明に用いられる肥料として、
被覆材は硫黄、樹脂等があるが特に限定されず、例えば
市販品のＬＰコート（チッソ）、ロング（旭化成工
業）、セラコート（セントラル硝子）等を利用すること
ができる。The coated granular fertilizer in the present invention is not particularly limited, but those capable of precise elution control are preferable, and those which suppress initial elution are preferable. A wide range of fertilizer components are used, and at least one of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium is contained. In addition to magnesium and calcium, fertilizers such as chelated iron, iron chloride, iron sulfate, boric acid, borax, manganese sulfate, manganese chloride, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, sodium molybdate, and ammonium molybdate as trace elements May be included in. As a fertilizer used in the present invention,
The coating material includes sulfur and resin, but is not particularly limited, and commercially available products such as LP coat (Chisso), long (Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.), and Cera coat (central glass) can be used.
【００１４】本発明に用いられる植物成長調整剤は矮化
作用を有するものであれば適用できる。例えば４´−ク
ロロ−２´−（α−ヒドロキシベンジル）イソニコチン
アニリド（一般名：イナベンフィド）、（Ｅ）−（Ｓ）
−１−（４−クロロフェニル）−４，４−ジメチル−２
−（１Ｈ−１，２，４−トリアゾール−１−イル）ペン
タ−１−エン−３−オール（一般名：ウニコナゾール
Ｐ）、（２ＲＳ，３ＲＳ）−１−（４−クロロフェニ
ル）−４，４−ジメチル−２−（１Ｈ−１，２，４−ト
リアゾール−１−イル）ペンタン−３−オール（一般
名：パクロブトラゾール）、６−（Ｎ−ベンジルアミ
ノ）プリン（一般名：ベンジルアミノプリン）等が挙げ
られるがこれらはあくまでも例示であり、本発明に用い
られる植物成長調整剤を限定するものではない。また、
必要に応じて殺虫剤、殺菌剤、除草剤等を添加しても良
い。植物成長調整剤の添加における形態は特に限定され
ないが培土に均一に混合されていれば良く、粉、液、粒
のいずれでも可能である。矮化作用を有する植物成長調
整剤と肥料とを併用処理するに際して、これらを同時に
施用するまたはそれぞれを前後して施用することもでき
る。また、本発明方法において、植物成長調整剤を含有
する被覆粒状肥料を調整してこれを用いることもでき
る。このような農薬肥料を用いることにより育苗培土の
調整を省力化することができると共により安定した効果
の発現を期待できる。このような農薬肥料は、例えば矮
化作用を有する植物成長調整剤を分解性の結合剤を用い
て被覆粒状肥料に被覆処理することにより得られる。こ
のとき、該農薬肥料全体として植物成長調整剤の含有量
は、０．００１〜０．１重量％であり好ましくは０．０
０５〜０．０５重量％である。結合剤の量は少なすぎる
と被覆粒状肥料表面に均一に被覆できず、多すぎると肥
料成分含有量の低下のため経済的ではなく、該農薬肥料
全体として０．００１〜１０重量％、好ましくは０．０
０５〜５重量％である。The plant growth regulator used in the present invention can be applied as long as it has a dwarfing action. For example, 4'-chloro-2 '-(α-hydroxybenzyl) isonicotinanilide (generic name: inabenfide), (E)-(S)
-1- (4-chlorophenyl) -4,4-dimethyl-2
-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) pent-1-en-3-ol (generic name: uniconazole P), (2RS, 3RS) -1- (4-chlorophenyl) -4,4 -Dimethyl-2- (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) pentan-3-ol (generic name: paclobutrazol), 6- (N-benzylamino) purine (generic name: benzylamino) Pudding) and the like, but these are merely examples and do not limit the plant growth regulator used in the present invention. Also,
If necessary, insecticides, fungicides, herbicides and the like may be added. The form of addition of the plant growth regulator is not particularly limited, but may be any of powder, liquid, and granule as long as it is uniformly mixed with the soil. When a plant growth regulator having a dwarfing effect and a fertilizer are used in combination, they can be applied simultaneously or before and after each. Further, in the method of the present invention, a coated granular fertilizer containing a plant growth regulator may be prepared and used. By using such an agricultural chemical fertilizer, it is possible to save labor in adjusting the seedling cultivation soil and to expect a more stable effect. Such an agricultural chemical fertilizer can be obtained, for example, by coating a plant growth regulator having a dwarfing action on a coated granular fertilizer using a degradable binder. At this time, the content of the plant growth regulator as the whole agricultural chemical fertilizer is 0.001 to 0.1% by weight, preferably 0.0
It is from 05 to 0.05% by weight. If the amount of the binder is too small, it cannot be uniformly coated on the surface of the coated granular fertilizer, and if it is too large, it is uneconomical because the fertilizer component content is reduced, and the pesticide fertilizer as a whole is 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.0
It is from 05 to 5% by weight.
【００１５】結合剤としては、ポリ乳酸、ポリ−ε−カ
プロラクトン、ポリ−３−ヒドロキシブチレート等の分
解性ポリエステル、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロー
ス、カルボキシメチルセルロース、カルボキシエチルセ
ルロース等のセルロース誘導体、ポリビニルアルコー
ル、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルチミン酸、ステア
リン酸等の高級脂肪酸、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレ
ン、エチレン・プロピレン共重合体、エチレン・プロピ
レン・ブテン共重合体、エチレン・一酸化炭素共重合
体、エチレン・酢酸ビニル・一酸化炭素共重合体等のポ
リオレフィン系樹脂といったものが挙げられるがこれら
に限定されるものではない。また、これらの単量体の共
重合体やそれらのブレンドでも良く、分解性ポリエステ
ルが好ましい。本発明方法に用いられる床土としては特
に制限されないが天然土壌の他にバーク堆肥、ピートモ
ス等の天然有機物、バーミキュライト、パーライト等の
無機多孔質、また、発泡フェノール樹脂やロックウール
等の園芸資材を用いることができる。As the binder, polylactic acid, poly-ε-caprolactone, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate and other degradable polyesters, cellulose derivatives such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and carboxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, lauric acid, Higher fatty acids such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-carbon monoxide copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate-carbon monoxide Examples thereof include polyolefin resins such as copolymers, but are not limited to these. Further, copolymers of these monomers and blends thereof may be used, and degradable polyesters are preferable. The floor soil used in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, but in addition to natural soil, bark compost, natural organic matter such as peat moss, vermiculite, inorganic porous such as perlite, and horticultural materials such as foamed phenolic resin and rock wool. Can be used.
【００１６】本発明の被覆粒状肥料及び農薬肥料の製造
方法は、特に限定するものではないが、例えば、転動又
は流動状態にある被覆粒状肥料に前述の被覆材の混合溶
解液を噴霧等の手段により吹き付けてその表面を被覆す
る一方、該被覆物を同時並行的に高速熱風流で処理して
該被覆物表面の溶媒を瞬時に蒸発乾燥させる方法があ
り、この場合の該被覆物の流動化には、回転ドラム、回
転パン、流動層、噴流層等があるが噴流層を用いて行う
のが最も好ましい。該被覆方法においては、農薬肥料の
場合植物成長調整剤と結合剤を均一に分散させるために
特に被覆液の攪拌を強力に行う必要がある。また、本発
明方法で用いられる農薬肥料の他に必要に応じて他種の
農薬を施用時に加えることもでき、殺虫剤、殺菌剤、除
草剤等を適宜用いられる。本発明方法は育苗箱（３０×
６０×３ｃｍ）当たり植物成長調整剤が農薬活性成分で
０．０１〜０．１５ｇの範囲内で含有していることが望
ましい。以下実施例によって本発明を説明するが、本発
明はこれら実施例により限定されるべきものではない。
また、％は特に記述がない場合は重量％であり、比は重
量比である。The method for producing the coated granular fertilizer and the pesticide fertilizer according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, the mixed dissolution liquid of the above-mentioned coating material is sprayed onto the coated granular fertilizer in a rolling or flowing state. There is a method of spraying by means of means to coat the surface, while the coating is simultaneously and concurrently treated with a high-speed hot air stream to evaporate and dry the solvent on the surface of the coating instantaneously. There are a rotary drum, a rotary pan, a fluidized bed, a spouted bed, and the like, but it is most preferable to use the spouted bed. In the coating method, particularly in the case of agricultural chemical fertilizer, it is necessary to vigorously agitate the coating solution in order to uniformly disperse the plant growth regulator and the binder. In addition to the agrochemical fertilizer used in the method of the present invention, other types of agrochemicals can be added as necessary at the time of application, and insecticides, fungicides, herbicides and the like can be used appropriately. According to the method of the present invention, a nursery box (30 ×
It is desirable that the plant growth regulator is contained in an amount of 0.01 to 0.15 g of the agricultural chemical active ingredient per 60 × 3 cm. The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention should not be limited to these examples.
Unless otherwise specified,% means% by weight, and ratio means weight ratio.
【００１７】[0017]
製造例１（被覆粒状肥料の製造） 図１は本実施例に於いて用いた噴流カプセル化装置を示
す。１は噴流塔で塔径２５０ｍｍ、高さ２０００ｍｍ、
空気噴出径５０ｍｍ、円錐角５０℃で肥料投入口２、排
ガス出口３を有する。噴流口空気はブロア−１０から送
られ、オリフィス流量計９、熱交換器８を経て噴流塔に
至が、流量は流量計、温度は熱交換器で管理され、排気
は排ガス出口３から塔に導出される。被覆化処理に使用
される粒状肥料は肥料投入口から所定の熱風を（Ｎ2 ガ
ス）を通し乍ら投入し噴流を形成させる。熱風温度はＴ
1 、被覆中の粒子温度はＴ2、排気温度はＴ3 の温度計
により検出される。Ｔ2 が所定の温度になったら被覆液
を一流体ノズル４を通して噴霧状で噴流に向かって吹き
付ける。被覆液は液タンク１１で攪拌されて粉体が均一
に分散されており、ここからポンプ６によって送られる
がノズルに至まで１００℃以下に温度が下がらないよう
に二重管として外側に蒸気を流しておく。所定の被覆に
達したらブロア−を止め、被覆された肥料を抜出口７よ
り抜出す。本実施例では下記の基本条件を保持しつつ被
覆した。 一流体ノズル：開口０．８ｍｍ 熱風量：４ｍ3 ／ｍｉｎ 熱風温度：１００℃±２℃ 肥料の種類：Ｔｙｌｅｒ６〜８ｍｅｓｈの粒状尿素 肥料投入口量：１０ｋｇ 被覆液濃度：固形分２．５重量％ （供試溶剤：トルエン） 被覆液供給量：０．５ｋｇ／ｍｉｎ 被覆時間：８０分 被覆率（対肥料）：１０％ 被覆液中に溶解又は分解した被覆剤は低密度ポリエチレ
ン（ＭＩ＝７、ｄ＝０．９２７）４０重量％、タルク
（平均粒径５μｍ）５３重量％、小麦粉（薄力粉４５０
μｍパス品）６重量％及び非イオン性界面活性剤（オク
タオキシエチレンｎ−ノニルフェニルエ−テル）１重量
％である。Production Example 1 (Production of Coated Granular Fertilizer) FIG. 1 shows a jet encapsulation device used in this example. 1 is a jet tower with a diameter of 250 mm and a height of 2000 mm,
It has a fertilizer inlet 2 and an exhaust gas outlet 3 with an air ejection diameter of 50 mm and a cone angle of 50 ° C. The jet air is sent from the blower-10 and reaches the jet tower via the orifice flow meter 9 and the heat exchanger 8. The flow rate is controlled by the flow meter and the temperature by the heat exchanger, and the exhaust gas is sent from the exhaust gas outlet 3 to the tower. Derived. The granular fertilizer used for the coating treatment is fed with a predetermined hot air (N 2 gas) through a fertilizer feed port to form a jet stream. Hot air temperature is T
1. The temperature of particles in the coating is detected by T2, and the temperature of exhaust gas is detected by the thermometer of T3. When T2 reaches a predetermined temperature, the coating liquid is sprayed through the one-fluid nozzle 4 toward the jet stream. The coating liquid is agitated in the liquid tank 11 so that the powder is uniformly dispersed. The coating liquid is sent from here by the pump 6, but the vapor is sent to the outside as a double pipe so that the temperature does not drop below 100 ° C. to the nozzle. Let it go. When the predetermined coating is reached, the blower is stopped and the coated fertilizer is extracted from the outlet 7. In this example, coating was performed while maintaining the following basic conditions. One-fluid nozzle: Opening 0.8 mm Hot air flow rate: 4 m 3 / min Hot air temperature: 100 ° C. ± 2 ° C. Fertilizer type: Tyler 6-8 mesh granular urea Fertilizer input port: 10 kg Coating solution concentration: 2.5 wt% solid content (Test solvent: Toluene) Coating liquid supply rate: 0.5 kg / min Coating time: 80 minutes Coating rate (against fertilizer): 10% The coating material dissolved or decomposed in the coating solution is low density polyethylene (MI = 7, d = 0.927) 40% by weight, talc (average particle size 5 μm) 53% by weight, wheat flour (soft flour 450)
μm pass product) 6% by weight and nonionic surfactant (octaoxyethylene n-nonylphenyl ether) 1% by weight.
【００１８】製造例２（農薬肥料の製造方法） 製造例１により得られた被覆粒状肥料を用いて製造例１
と同様の条件で農薬肥料を製造した。結合剤としてポリ
−ε−カプロラクトンを用い、結合剤：農薬＝５０：５
０である。農薬には農薬活性成分の他鉱物質微粉等を含
む。Production Example 2 (Method for producing agricultural chemical fertilizer) Production Example 1 using the coated granular fertilizer obtained in Production Example 1
An agrochemical fertilizer was produced under the same conditions as in. Poly-ε-caprolactone was used as the binder, and the binder: pesticide = 50: 5
It is 0. Pesticide includes fine powder of mineral substances as well as pesticide active ingredients.
【００１９】実施例１ 育苗培土の組成物質として保水性の大きい洪積火山灰土
（最大容水量１２０％、粒径２ｍｍ以下）と粒状尿素を
製造例１に記した方法に基づいて被覆処理を行なって得
られた被覆粒状肥料（６〜８ｍｅｓｈ品、窒素４０％）
を用いた。この被覆粒状肥料の育苗期間（３５日間）に
おける成分溶出率は１２％であった。そして火山灰土
（乾物として）と被覆粒状肥料の混合割合は前者２．８
２ｋｇに対し、後者は現物０．６ｋｇ（窒素０．２４ｋ
ｇ相当）である。育苗用肥料として窒素、リン酸、加里
各０．５ｍｇを加えた。さらに、農薬活性成分Ａを５０
％含有する水和剤０．１５ｇを５００ｍｌの水に希釈し
て均一になるよう培土を処理した。こうして調整した培
土を慣行の育苗箱（内寸縦３０ｃｍ×横６０ｃｍ×深さ
３ｃｍ）に被覆粒状肥料が均一に散らばるように入れ、
水稲種子１００ｇを播種後予め採っておいた培土１．０
ｋｇで覆土し、灌水後、ビニールハウス（熊本県水俣
市、チッソ（株）商品名クミアイビニール使用）で育苗
した。その他の育苗管理は慣行法に準じて行った。対照
区として、培土を上記農薬活性成分Ａを含む水和剤で処
理しないがその他の条件を同一にした試験区を設定し
た。育苗試験は１区１箱とし、２反復で行った。以上の
育苗試験について７日ごとに生育調査（草丈、葉鞘高、
葉数、乾物重等）を行い、その結果（３５日苗）を表１
に示す。Example 1 Diluvial ash soil (maximum water content: 120%, particle size: 2 mm or less) and granular urea having large water retention as composition materials for seedling cultivation soil and granular urea were coated according to the method described in Production Example 1. Coated granular fertilizer obtained (6-8 mesh product, nitrogen 40%)
Was used. The component elution rate of this coated granular fertilizer during the seedling raising period (35 days) was 12%. And the mixing ratio of volcanic ash soil (as dry matter) and coated granular fertilizer is 2.8.
For 2 kg, the latter is 0.6 kg of actual product (nitrogen 0.24 k
g equivalent). Nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium 0.5 mg each were added as fertilizers for raising seedlings. In addition, 50 pesticide active ingredient A
0.15 g of the wettable powder containing 0.1% was diluted with 500 ml of water to treat the soil uniformly. Put the soil thus prepared into a conventional nursery box (30 cm in length × 60 cm in width × 3 cm in depth) so that the coated granular fertilizer is evenly dispersed,
Soil 1.0 pre-collected after sowing 100 g of rice seeds
After covering the soil with kg and irrigating, seedlings were grown in a vinyl house (using Kumiai vinyl, trade name of Chisso Corporation, Minamata City, Kumamoto Prefecture). Other seedling management was performed according to the customary method. As a control group, a test group was set in which the soil was not treated with the wettable powder containing the agrochemical active ingredient A, but the other conditions were the same. The seedling raising test was carried out in two boxes with one box per ward. About the above seedling raising test Every seven days, a growth survey (plant height, leaf sheath height,
Number of leaves, dry matter weight, etc.) and the results (35 days seedling) are shown in Table 1.
Shown in.
【００２０】[0020]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２１】農薬活性成分Ａ：４´−クロロ−２´−
（α−ヒドロキシベンジル）イソニコチンアニリド（一
般名：イナベンフィド） 本発明方法の実施例１区と対照１区は共に生育良好であ
り、植物成長調整剤による薬害も見られなかった。特
に、乾物重は実施例１区がよくしっかりした苗が得られ
た。これらから育苗箱施肥による全量基肥の実用性が示
唆された。Agrochemical active ingredient A: 4'-chloro-2'-
(Α-Hydroxybenzyl) isonicotinanilide (generic name: inabenfide) Both the Example 1 group and the control 1 group of the method of the present invention showed good growth and no phytotoxicity due to the plant growth regulator was observed. Particularly, the dry matter weight was good in Example 1 ward, and a solid seedling was obtained. From these results, it was suggested that the basic fertilizer application by the fertilization in the nursery box is practical.
【００２２】実施例２ 実施例１と同じ床土を用い、粒状尿素を製造例１に記し
た方法に基づいて被覆処理を行なって得られた被覆粒状
肥料（６〜８ｍｅｓｈ品、窒素４０％）を用い、農薬活
性成分Ａを０．０２重量％含有する農薬肥料を製造例２
に基づいて製造した。この農薬肥料の育苗期間（３５日
間）における肥料成分溶出率は７％であった。そして床
土である火山灰土（乾物として）と被覆粒状肥料の混合
割合は前者２．９２ｋｇに対し、後者は現物０．５ｋｇ
（窒素０．２ｋｇ相当）である。育苗用肥料として窒
素、リン酸、加里各０．５ｍｇを加えた。こうして調整
した培土を慣行の育苗箱に被覆粒状肥料が均一に散らば
るように入れ、水稲種子１００ｇを播種後予め採ってお
いた培土１．０ｋｇで覆土し、灌水後、ガラス室（福岡
県北九州市戸畑区）で育苗した。その他の育苗管理は慣
行法に準じて行った。対照区として、製造例１により得
られた被覆粒状肥料と育苗中の溶出を抑えない被覆粒状
肥料（６〜８ｍｅｓｈ品、窒素４０％）を用い、その他
の条件を同一にした試験区を設定した。育苗試験は１区
１箱とし、３反復で行った。以上の育苗試験について７
日ごとに生育調査（草丈、葉鞘高、葉数、乾物重等）を
行い、その結果（３５日苗）を表２に示す。Example 2 A coated granular fertilizer (6 to 8 mesh product, 40% nitrogen) obtained by coating the granular urea with the same soil as in Example 1 according to the method described in Production Example 1 was used. Example 2 of producing a pesticide fertilizer containing 0.02% by weight of pesticide active ingredient A
Manufactured according to. The elution rate of fertilizer components during the seedling raising period (35 days) was 7%. The mixing ratio of volcanic ash soil (as dry matter), which is the bed soil, and coated granular fertilizer is 2.92 kg, whereas the latter is 0.5 kg.
(Equivalent to 0.2 kg of nitrogen). Nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium 0.5 mg each were added as fertilizers for raising seedlings. The thus prepared cultivating soil was put into a conventional nursery box so that the coated granular fertilizer was evenly distributed, 100 g of paddy rice seeds were sown and covered with 1.0 kg of cultivated soil that had been taken in advance, and after irrigation, the glass room (Fukuoka Prefecture Kitakyushu City) Raised seedlings in Tobata Ward. Other seedling management was performed according to the customary method. As a control group, the coated granular fertilizer obtained in Production Example 1 and the coated granular fertilizer (6 to 8 mesh product, 40% nitrogen) that did not suppress elution during seedling raising were used, and test groups were set under the same conditions. . The seedling raising test was carried out three times with one ward and one box. About the above seedling raising test 7
A growth survey (plant height, leaf sheath height, number of leaves, dry matter weight, etc.) was conducted every day, and the results (35 day seedlings) are shown in Table 2.
【００２３】[0023]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２４】対照２区の草丈が勝る傾向がみられたが、
乾物重は実施例２区と同等であり、徒長傾向にあるとい
える。また、実施例２区と対照２区の双方において根が
肥料に絡みつくように張っていることが観察され、農薬
肥料による薬害も見られないことから、農薬肥料の使用
が有効であることが示唆された。対照３区は根が肥焼け
が観察され濃度障害と思われる。There was a tendency that the height of plants in the control 2 wards was superior,
It can be said that the dry matter weight is the same as that of Example 2 and tends to be too long. Further, in both the Example 2 ward and the control 2 ward, it was observed that the roots were stretched so as to be entwined with the fertilizer, and no phytotoxicity due to the agrochemical fertilizer was observed, suggesting that the use of the agrochemical fertilizer is effective. Was done. In the control 3 wards, burning of the roots was observed, which seems to be a concentration disorder.
【００２５】実施例３ 粒状硫酸加里を製造例１に記した方法に基づいて被覆処
理を行なって得られた被覆粒状加里（６〜８ｍｅｓｈ
品、加里４２％）と実施例１と同じ床土、被覆粒状肥料
（６〜８ｍｅｓｈ品、窒素４０％）を用い、床土である
火山灰土（乾物として）と被覆粒状肥料の混合割合は床
土２．５０ｋｇに対し、肥料は被覆粒状加里現物０．４
８ｋｇ（加里０．２ｋｇ相当）、被覆粒状肥料現物０．
５ｋｇ（窒素０．２ｋｇ相当）である。この被覆粒状肥
料の育苗期間（３５日間）における肥料成分溶出率は３
％であった。育苗用肥料として窒素、リン酸、加里各
１．０ｍｇを加えた。さらに、農薬活性成分Ｂを２．０
％含有する水和剤２．０ｇを５００ｍｌの水に希釈して
均一になるよう培土を処理した。こうして調整した培土
を慣行の育苗箱に被覆粒状肥料が均一に散らばるように
入れ、水稲種子１００ｇを播種後予め採っておいた培土
１．０ｋｇで覆土し、灌水後、加温されたガラス温室
（福岡県北九州市戸畑区）で育苗した。その他の育苗管
理は慣行法に準じて行った。対照区として、培土を上記
農薬活性成分Ｂからなる水和剤で処理しないがその他の
条件を同一にした試験区を設定した。育苗試験は１区１
箱とし、２反復で行った。以上の育苗試験について７日
ごとに生育調査（草丈、葉鞘高、葉数、乾物重等）を行
い、その結果（３５日苗）を表３に示す。Example 3 Granular sulfuric acid potassium was coated according to the method described in Production Example 1 to obtain a coated granular potassium (6 to 8 mesh).
Product, 42% Kali) and the same bed soil and coated granular fertilizer (6 to 8 mesh product, nitrogen 40%) as in Example 1, and the mixing ratio of volcanic ash soil (as dry matter) and coated granular fertilizer is Fertilizer is coated granular Karikin 0.4 against soil 2.50kg
8 kg (corresponding to 0.2 kg Kari), coated granular fertilizer actual product 0.
It is 5 kg (equivalent to 0.2 kg of nitrogen). The fertilizer component elution rate of this coated granular fertilizer during seedling raising period (35 days) is 3
%Met. Nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium 1.0 mg each were added as fertilizers for raising seedlings. Furthermore, pesticide active ingredient B is 2.0
% Of the wettable powder was diluted with 500 ml of water to treat the soil uniformly. The thus prepared cultivating soil was placed in a conventional nursery box so that the coated granular fertilizer was evenly distributed, 100 g of paddy rice seeds were sowed, and the soil was covered with 1.0 kg of the cultivating soil that had been taken in advance, and after irrigation, a heated glass greenhouse ( Raised seedlings in Tobata Ward, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture. Other seedling management was performed according to the customary method. As a control group, a test group was set in which the soil was not treated with the wettable powder containing the agricultural chemical active ingredient B, but the other conditions were the same. Seedling raising test is 1 ward 1
It was made into a box and performed in duplicate. Regarding the above seedling raising test, a growth survey (plant height, leaf sheath height, number of leaves, dry weight, etc.) was conducted every 7 days, and the results (35 day seedlings) are shown in Table 3.
【００２６】[0026]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００２７】農薬活性成分Ｂ：（２ＲＳ，３ＲＳ）−１
−（４−クロロフェニル）−４，４−ジメチル−２−
（１Ｈ−１，２，４−トリアゾール−１−イル）ペンタ
ン−３−オール（一般名：パクロブトラゾール） 実施例３区は対照４区と比べて草丈で若干劣る傾向がみ
られたが、地上部乾物重が草丈の傾向に反して実施例３
区が勝り、対照４区は徒長傾向がみられるが、植物成長
調整剤の添加で健苗が育成されたものと示唆される。Agrochemical active ingredient B: (2RS, 3RS) -1
-(4-chlorophenyl) -4,4-dimethyl-2-
(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) pentan-3-ol (generic name: paclobutrazol) The plant height of Example 3 was slightly inferior to that of the control 4 although it was observed. In contrast to the tendency of the dry weight of the above-ground part to be plant height, Example 3
Although the plots were superior and the control 4 plots tended to be oversized, it is suggested that healthy seedlings were grown by the addition of the plant growth regulator.
【００２８】[0028]
【効果】本発明方法は、水稲の移植栽培における育苗に
ついて、基肥全量育苗箱施肥法の未解決の課題を補完
し、その効果を確実に発現させることができ、より容易
で安定的に健苗を得る方法である。具体的には、次の通
りである。 （１）育苗管理が行き届かない場合でも、肥料成分によ
る濃度障害や薬害が発生することなく、安定的に健苗を
得ることができる。このことにより、基肥全量育苗箱施
肥法がより実用的、汎用的になる。省力施肥法が容易に
導入できる。 （２）従来なら徒長する恐れのある窒素成分溶出量で
も、徒長を抑制でき、活着を良好にする培土中の弁当肥
が多く確保できる。 （３）育苗中の諸条件（例えば気温）による被覆粒状肥
料の溶出過多の場合にも対応できることから、育苗リス
クを減らし安定的に健苗を得ることができる。育苗が容
易になる。[Effects] The method of the present invention supplements the unsolved problems of the basic fertilizer total-volume nursery box fertilization method for raising seedlings in transplanting and cultivating paddy rice, and can reliably produce the effect thereof, so that seedlings can be easily and stably grown. Is a way to get. Specifically, it is as follows. (1) Even if nursery management is poor, healthy seedlings can be stably obtained without causing concentration damage or chemical damage due to fertilizer components. This makes the fertilizing method for fertilizing whole amount of basic fertilizer more practical and versatile. A labor-saving fertilization method can be easily introduced. (2) Even if the amount of elution of the nitrogen component, which would otherwise be overgrown, can be suppressed and a large amount of bento fertilizer can be secured in the soil for good survival. (3) Since it is possible to cope with the case where the coated granular fertilizer is excessively eluted due to various conditions during seedling raising (for example, temperature), the risk of raising seedlings can be reduced and stable seedlings can be obtained. Raising seedlings becomes easy.
【図１】 本発明の製造例に使用した噴流カプセル化装
置のフローシートである。FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of a jet encapsulation device used in a production example of the present invention.
Claims (3)
機で水田に移植する水稲栽培法において、育苗中ならび
に移植後に必要かつ十分な肥料成分を含有する被覆粒状
肥料と植物成長調整剤を添加混合した育苗培土で育苗す
ることを特徴とする水稲の育苗方法。1. In a paddy rice cultivation method in which seedlings are sown and raised in a seedling raising box and the resulting seedlings are transplanted to a paddy field by a rice transplanter, a coated granular fertilizer containing a necessary and sufficient fertilizer component during and after transplanting seedlings and plant growth adjustment. A method for raising rice seedlings, which comprises raising the seedlings in a soil for raising seedlings mixed with an agent.
肥効成分窒素の溶出率が１〜１５重量％の範囲に制御さ
れた溶出機能を有する被覆粒状肥料を用いる請求項１に
記載の水稲の育苗方法。2. The coated granular fertilizer having an elution function, wherein the elution rate of nitrogen, which is a fertilizing component during the seedling raising period from seeding to transplantation, is controlled to be in the range of 1 to 15% by weight. How to raise rice seedlings.
活性成分を含有する薬剤である請求項１に記載の水稲の
育苗方法。3. The method for raising seedlings of paddy rice according to claim 1, wherein the plant growth regulator is a drug containing an agrochemical active ingredient having a dwarfing action.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6036503A JPH07222531A (en) | 1994-02-09 | 1994-02-09 | Method for growing seedling of paddy rice |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6036503A JPH07222531A (en) | 1994-02-09 | 1994-02-09 | Method for growing seedling of paddy rice |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07222531A true JPH07222531A (en) | 1995-08-22 |
Family
ID=12471636
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6036503A Pending JPH07222531A (en) | 1994-02-09 | 1994-02-09 | Method for growing seedling of paddy rice |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07222531A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001192304A (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-17 | Chisso Corp | Seedling bed and method for raising seedling and culture of crop using the seedling bed |
| CN102424630A (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-04-25 | 彭树森 | Special matrix for soilless paddy rice seedling breeding and preparation method thereof |
| CN102924165A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-02-13 | 刘春勤 | Nutrient soil for raising fructus forsythia seedlings |
| CN103130569A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-06-05 | 天津泰达园林建设有限公司 | Calcic growth regulator used for seedling transplantation in saline area |
| CN103392544A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-11-20 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Environment-friendly bowl seedling growing method for rice |
| CN103858721A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-06-18 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Machine-transplanted rice cultivation method with balanced fertilization function |
| JP2014212751A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-11-17 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | Plant fertilizer absorption status diagnostic method and application management method using the same |
| CN104412880A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-03-18 | 林天国 | Method for raising rice seedlings of rice dry seedbed seedling furrow-covering-furrow sparse sowing |
| CN105850615A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2016-08-17 | 宁海县农业技术推广总站 | Rice planting method |
| CN109601293A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-12 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of light letter standardization method of raising seedling to transplant seedlings suitable for hand |
-
1994
- 1994-02-09 JP JP6036503A patent/JPH07222531A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001192304A (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-17 | Chisso Corp | Seedling bed and method for raising seedling and culture of crop using the seedling bed |
| CN102424630A (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-04-25 | 彭树森 | Special matrix for soilless paddy rice seedling breeding and preparation method thereof |
| CN102924165A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-02-13 | 刘春勤 | Nutrient soil for raising fructus forsythia seedlings |
| CN103130569A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-06-05 | 天津泰达园林建设有限公司 | Calcic growth regulator used for seedling transplantation in saline area |
| JP2014212751A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-11-17 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | Plant fertilizer absorption status diagnostic method and application management method using the same |
| CN103392544A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-11-20 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Environment-friendly bowl seedling growing method for rice |
| CN104412880A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-03-18 | 林天国 | Method for raising rice seedlings of rice dry seedbed seedling furrow-covering-furrow sparse sowing |
| CN103858721A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-06-18 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Machine-transplanted rice cultivation method with balanced fertilization function |
| CN105850615A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2016-08-17 | 宁海县农业技术推广总站 | Rice planting method |
| CN105850615B (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2018-12-18 | 宁海县农业技术推广总站 | A kind of paddy rice planting method |
| CN109601293A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-12 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of light letter standardization method of raising seedling to transplant seedlings suitable for hand |
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