JPH07191336A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07191336A JPH07191336A JP34846893A JP34846893A JPH07191336A JP H07191336 A JPH07191336 A JP H07191336A JP 34846893 A JP34846893 A JP 34846893A JP 34846893 A JP34846893 A JP 34846893A JP H07191336 A JPH07191336 A JP H07191336A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- display
- display device
- substrates
- electrodes
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、液晶表示装置に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】液晶表示装置は、薄く、低電圧駆動が可
能であるので、腕時計、電卓等の表示装置として広く使
用されている。特に、ＴＦＴ（薄膜トランジスタ）等の
アクティブスイッチ素子を組み込んだＴＮ型液晶表示装
置は、ＣＲＴ並の表示特性を発揮するので、ワードプロ
セッサー、パーソナルコンピュータのディスプレイやテ
レビ等にも用いられるようになってきている。2. Description of the Related Art Liquid crystal display devices are thin and can be driven at a low voltage, and are therefore widely used as display devices for wrist watches, calculators and the like. In particular, a TN type liquid crystal display device incorporating an active switch element such as a TFT (thin film transistor) exhibits a display characteristic comparable to that of a CRT, and therefore has been used for a display of a word processor, a personal computer, a television, or the like. .
【０００３】しかしながら、ＴＮ型液晶表示装置におい
ては、視野角が中間調表示において狭く、表示画面の周
縁部と中央部では色またはコントラストに大きな差が出
てしまう。この現象は、ＴＮ型液晶表示方式がネマチッ
クｐ型液晶材料に電界を印加して電界方向に沿って液晶
分子を立たせることにより旋光性を制御する表示方式で
あり、液晶分子の立ち上がり方向が決まっているために
起きる。したがって、ＴＮ型液晶表示装置においては、
視野角の問題は根本的解決することはできない。However, in the TN type liquid crystal display device, the viewing angle is narrow in the halftone display, and there is a large difference in color or contrast between the peripheral portion and the central portion of the display screen. This phenomenon is a display method in which the TN liquid crystal display method controls the optical rotatory power by applying an electric field to a nematic p-type liquid crystal material to erect liquid crystal molecules along the direction of the electric field, and the rising direction of the liquid crystal molecules is determined. It happens because you are Therefore, in the TN type liquid crystal display device,
The problem of viewing angle cannot be solved fundamentally.
【０００４】この問題を解決するために、ＴＮ型液晶表
示方式のように液晶分子を配向させた状態で電界を横方
向、すなわち基板に平行な方向に印加することにより旋
光性を制御して表示する方法、すなわち横方向電界制御
表示が提案されている。しかしながら、この方法におい
ては、応答速度、特に液晶分子の立ち下がりの応答速度
が遅い。また、さらにセグメントタイプの表示パネルに
表示電極を設けた構成とした場合、表示電極の形状によ
り本来印加される電界の方向と異なる方向に電気力線が
生じ、そのため液晶分子にツイストリバースが発生し、
その結果表示品位が落ちる。このように、横方向電界制
御表示では、表示特性に問題が多いことが新たに分かっ
た。In order to solve this problem, an electric field is applied in the lateral direction, that is, in the direction parallel to the substrate in a state where liquid crystal molecules are aligned as in the TN type liquid crystal display system, thereby controlling the optical rotation and displaying. A method for doing so, that is, a lateral electric field control display has been proposed. However, in this method, the response speed, particularly the response speed of the trailing edge of liquid crystal molecules, is slow. Further, when the display electrode is provided on the segment type display panel, the lines of electric force are generated in a direction different from the direction of the electric field originally applied due to the shape of the display electrode, which causes twist reverse in the liquid crystal molecules. ,
As a result, the display quality is degraded. Thus, it was newly found that there are many problems in display characteristics in the lateral electric field control display.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明はかかる点に鑑
みてなされたものであり、視野角が広く、応答速度が速
く、表示特性に優れた横方向電界制御による液晶表示装
置を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle, a high response speed, and excellent lateral display electric field control. With the goal.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、一対の基板
と、前記一対の基板の一方の基板上に互いに絶縁して形
成された少なくとも２つの表示電極と、前記表示電極が
内側となるように前記一対の基板を対向させた状態で前
記一対の基板間に挟持された液晶材料とを具備し、前記
表示電極間に電位差を設けて前記液晶材料中の液晶分子
の配列状態を変えることにより旋光性を制御して表示を
行う直視型または投射型液晶表示装置において、前記表
示電極が複数の歯を有する櫛型電極からなり、前記歯の
一部の幅を大きくして配列状態を一方向に変化させるよ
うに制御できる形状を有することを特徴とする液晶表示
装置を提供する。According to the present invention, a pair of substrates, at least two display electrodes formed on one of the pair of substrates so as to be insulated from each other, and the display electrodes are provided inside. A liquid crystal material sandwiched between the pair of substrates in a state where the pair of substrates are opposed to each other, and a potential difference is provided between the display electrodes to change an alignment state of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal material. In a direct-view type or projection type liquid crystal display device that controls optical rotation to perform display, the display electrode is formed of a comb-shaped electrode having a plurality of teeth, and the width of a part of the teeth is increased to make the arrangement state one direction. Provided is a liquid crystal display device having a shape that can be controlled to change to
【０００７】ここで、本発明において、液晶材料として
は、ネマチック液晶材料を用いることができる。特に、
捩じれについて弾性定数の高い、LIXON 5034（チッソ社
製、商品名）等を用いることが好ましい。液晶材料のタ
イプとしては、ネマチックｐ型液晶材料およびｎ型液晶
材料のいずれの液晶材料を用いることができるが、本発
明の液晶表示装置の特長を生かすために、ネマチックｐ
型液晶材料を用いることが好ましい。Here, in the present invention, a nematic liquid crystal material can be used as the liquid crystal material. In particular,
It is preferable to use LIXON 5034 (trade name, manufactured by Chisso Corporation) or the like, which has a high elastic constant for twisting. As the type of liquid crystal material, either a nematic p-type liquid crystal material or an n-type liquid crystal material can be used. However, in order to take advantage of the features of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, nematic p-type liquid crystal material can be used.
It is preferable to use a type liquid crystal material.
【０００８】基板材料としては、ガラス、石英、シリコ
ン等を用いることができる。また、表示電極の材料とし
ては、Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｔｉ，Ｃｕ，Ｍｏ，Ｔａ，Ｉｎ，Ｉ
ＴＯ等の導電性金属、金属酸化物、導電性高分子等を用
いることができる。なお、表示電極の厚さは表示上厚い
ほうが好ましく、１０００オングストローム以上である
ことが望ましい。As the substrate material, glass, quartz, silicon or the like can be used. Further, as the material of the display electrode, Al, Cr, Ti, Cu, Mo, Ta, In, I
A conductive metal such as TO, a metal oxide, a conductive polymer, or the like can be used. The display electrode preferably has a large thickness for display, and is preferably 1000 angstroms or more.
【０００９】表示電極の形状としては、異なる２つの表
示電極を交互に設けた構造等が考えられる。この場合、
表示電極の厚みは、表示特性上厚いほうが好ましく、５
０００オングストローム以上であることが好ましい。ま
た、本発明における表示電極の形状は、電気力線の方向
を液晶分子の配列状態が一方向に変化させるように制御
できるものであればよい。例えば、隣り合う表示電極間
において最小である表示電極間の間隔が狭くまたは広く
なるように表示電極の形状を設定することにより電気力
線の方向を制御することができる。ここでいう最小であ
る表示電極間の間隔とは、表示電極の端面のある一点か
ら隣り合う表示電極の端面のある一点に対する距離のう
ち最も短い距離をいう。具体的には、表示電極１３の形
状としては、図１〜図９に示すものが挙げられる。ただ
し、ここで示した形状に限定されるものではない。As the shape of the display electrode, a structure in which two different display electrodes are alternately provided can be considered. in this case,
The thickness of the display electrode is preferably thick in view of display characteristics.
It is preferably 000 Å or more. Further, the shape of the display electrode in the present invention may be such that the direction of the lines of electric force can be controlled so that the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules changes in one direction. For example, the direction of the lines of electric force can be controlled by setting the shape of the display electrodes so that the minimum distance between adjacent display electrodes is narrow or wide. The minimum distance between the display electrodes referred to here is the shortest distance from one point on the end face of the display electrode to one point on the end face of the adjacent display electrode. Specifically, the shape of the display electrode 13 may be one shown in FIGS. However, the shape is not limited to the shape shown here.
【００１０】本発明において、マトリクス駆動用の配線
を一対の基板の一方の基板上にすべて設けるためには、
配線同士を絶縁する必要がある。このため、少なくとも
２つの表示電極を絶縁して設ける方法としては、ＳｉＯ
ｘやＳｉＮｘ等の無機材料または高分子材料からなる絶
縁層を基板上に設け、その上または側面に表示電極を設
ける方法等を挙げることができる。この場合、絶縁層の
厚さは、電界を有効に利用するために３０００オングス
トローム以上であることが好ましい。In the present invention, in order to provide all the matrix driving wirings on one of the pair of substrates,
It is necessary to insulate the wires from each other. Therefore, as a method of insulating at least two display electrodes, SiO 2 is used.
Examples include a method in which an insulating layer made of an inorganic material such as x or SiNx or a polymer material is provided on a substrate, and a display electrode is provided on or on the side surface of the insulating layer. In this case, the thickness of the insulating layer is preferably 3000 angstroms or more in order to effectively utilize the electric field.
【００１１】また、このように、一対の基板の一方の基
板上にすべて表示電極を設ける場合、各画素毎の一方の
表示電極をすべて同じ電位にすることにより、効率的に
駆動させることができる。なお、表示電極を一方の基板
上にすべて設けることにより、基板間隔を一定に保つた
めのスペーサとして用いることもできる。Further, when all the display electrodes are provided on one of the pair of substrates as described above, it is possible to drive efficiently by setting all the display electrodes of each pixel to the same potential. . It should be noted that by providing all the display electrodes on one substrate, they can also be used as spacers for keeping the substrate spacing constant.
【００１２】本発明において、ＴＦＴ等のアクティブス
イッチ素子を各画素毎に設けたアクティブマトリクス駆
動方式を採用することにより、さらに鮮明な表示を実現
できる。In the present invention, a clearer display can be realized by adopting an active matrix drive system in which an active switch element such as a TFT is provided for each pixel.
【００１３】本発明において、色付き防止のため、表示
における最適条件として、電界無印加状態において液晶
分子の配向がパラレル配向であり、ノーマリブラックで
あることが好ましい。In the present invention, in order to prevent coloration, it is preferable that the alignment of liquid crystal molecules is parallel alignment and normally black in the absence of applied electric field as the optimum condition for display.
【００１４】[0014]
【作用】本発明の液晶表示装置は、横方向電界制御表示
方式の液晶表示装置において、表示電極が複数の歯を有
する櫛型電極からなり、歯の一部の幅を大きくして配列
状態を一方向に変化させるように制御できる形状を有す
ることを特徴としている。According to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device of the lateral electric field control display system, the display electrode is formed of a comb-shaped electrode having a plurality of teeth, and the width of a part of the teeth is increased to make the arrangement state. It is characterized by having a shape that can be controlled to change in one direction.
【００１５】図１０（Ａ）に示すように、上記表示方
式、すなわち基板１１表面に対して平行（横方向）に電
界を印加して表示する方式においては、ツイスト配向ま
たはパラレル配向されているネマチックｐ型液晶分子１
２は、図１０（Ｂ）に示すように電界方向にその配向を
変えようとする。これは、一方の基板１１に設けられた
表示電極１３に近いほどその傾向が強い。これにより、
初期の捩じれ配向による旋光性はなくなり、偏光板を通
して液晶セルに入射した直線偏光はその偏光面を変える
ことなく液晶セルから出射することになる。As shown in FIG. 10A, in the above display system, that is, in the system in which an electric field is applied in parallel (horizontal direction) to the surface of the substrate 11, a nematic with a twist orientation or a parallel orientation is used. p-type liquid crystal molecule 1
2 tends to change its orientation in the direction of the electric field as shown in FIG. This tendency becomes stronger as it is closer to the display electrode 13 provided on the one substrate 11. This allows
The optical rotatory power due to the initial twist orientation disappears, and the linearly polarized light that enters the liquid crystal cell through the polarizing plate exits from the liquid crystal cell without changing its polarization plane.
【００１６】この横方向電界制御表示方式においてマト
リックス表示を行う場合、図１１に示すような画素表示
電極配線が考えられる。ところがこの表示電極配線で
は、表示電極１３の角部分１４に電気力線が集中するの
で、液晶分子１２の配向状態が変化する方向が表示電極
１３の左右で異なる。これによりディスクリネーション
が発生し、液晶分子の配列の歪が大きくなり、表示が不
安定となる。When matrix display is performed in this lateral electric field control display method, a pixel display electrode wiring as shown in FIG. 11 can be considered. However, in this display electrode wiring, lines of electric force are concentrated on the corner portion 14 of the display electrode 13, so that the direction in which the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules 12 changes differs between the left and right sides of the display electrode 13. As a result, disclination occurs, the distortion of the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules becomes large, and the display becomes unstable.
【００１７】この現象を防止するために、液晶分子の初
期の配向方向を表示電極に対して数°の角度をもたせる
方法が考えられたが、この方法を用いても図１１の表示
電極の形状においてはディスクリネーションが発生し、
表示が不安定となる。さらに、液晶分子の初期の配向方
向を表示電極に対して数°の角度をもたせる方法では、
液晶分子の配向方向を９０°変化させることができない
ために、コントラストが低くなり弊害となる。In order to prevent this phenomenon, a method has been considered in which the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is set at an angle of several degrees with respect to the display electrode. Even if this method is used, the shape of the display electrode shown in FIG. Disclination occurs,
The display becomes unstable. Furthermore, in the method of making the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules at an angle of several degrees with respect to the display electrode,
Since the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules cannot be changed by 90 °, the contrast becomes low, which is an adverse effect.
【００１８】上述した問題点は、表示電極の角部分への
電気力線の集中が最小限になるように、または電気力線
の方向が制御できるように表示電極の形状を設定するこ
とにより、解決できた。すなわち、表示電極の形状を規
定することにより、液晶分子の配向状態の変化方向を規
定することができ、それによりディスクリネーションの
発生を防止し、表示が安定となった。The above-mentioned problem is caused by setting the shape of the display electrode so that the concentration of the electric force line on the corner portion of the display electrode is minimized or the direction of the electric force line is controlled. I was able to solve it. That is, by defining the shape of the display electrode, the changing direction of the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules can be defined, thereby preventing the occurrence of disclination and stabilizing the display.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を具体的に説明する。 （実施例１）１枚のガラス基板上にＩＴＯを蒸着して厚
さ５００オングストロームのＩＴＯ膜を形成し、ポジ型
感光性レジストを用いて図１に示す櫛型形状の表示電極
を形成した。この表示電極は、歯の根となる部分を厚く
した。次いで、表示電極上に配向膜を形成した後、表示
電極の長手方向に配向膜にラビング配向処理を行った。
さらに、もう１枚のガラス基板上に配向膜を形成して配
向処理した後、配向方向がパラレル配向になるように２
枚の基板を対向させ、スペーサとして外径５μｍのグラ
スファイバーを挟み液晶セルを作製した。次いで、得ら
れた液晶セルにカイラルピッチ２０μｍ、Δｎ＝０．１
０のネマチックｐ型液晶材料を封入した。このとき、液
晶分子のプレチルト角は３°となった。なお、偏光板方
向はノーマリーブラックとした。このようにして本発明
の液晶表示装置を得た。EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be specifically described below. (Example 1) ITO was vapor-deposited on a glass substrate to form an ITO film having a thickness of 500 Å, and a comb-shaped display electrode shown in FIG. 1 was formed using a positive photosensitive resist. This display electrode has a thickened portion that serves as a tooth root. Then, after forming an alignment film on the display electrode, rubbing alignment treatment was performed on the alignment film in the longitudinal direction of the display electrode.
Further, after forming an alignment film on another glass substrate and performing alignment treatment, the alignment direction is changed to parallel alignment.
A liquid crystal cell was prepared by facing the two substrates and sandwiching glass fibers having an outer diameter of 5 μm as spacers. Then, a chiral pitch of 20 μm and Δn = 0.1 was applied to the obtained liquid crystal cell.
0 nematic p-type liquid crystal material was encapsulated. At this time, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules was 3 °. The direction of the polarizing plate was normally black. Thus, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention was obtained.
【００２０】この液晶表示装置の隣合う表示電極間に±
１０Ｖの電圧を印加したところ、ディスクリネーション
ラインの発生がなく、立ち下がり応答速度１００msec、
コントラスト比５０：１と良好な表示が得られた。 （実施例２）１枚のガラス基板上にＩＴＯを蒸着して厚
さ５０００オングストロームのＩＴＯ膜を形成し、ポジ
型感光性レジストを用いて図２に示す櫛型形状の表示電
極を形成した。この表示電極は、歯の根となる部分を狭
くした。次いで、表示電極上に配向膜を形成した後、表
示電極の長手方向に配向膜にラビング配向処理を行っ
た。さらに、もう１枚のガラス基板上に配向膜を形成し
て配向処理した後、配向方向がパラレル配向になるよう
に２枚の基板を対向させ、スペーサとして外径５μｍの
グラスファイバーを挟み液晶セルを作製した。次いで、
得られた液晶セルにカイラルピッチ５０μｍ、Δｎ＝
０．１０のネマチックｐ型液晶材料を封入した。このと
き、液晶分子のプレチルト角は５°となった。なお、偏
光板方向はノーマリーブラックとした。このようにして
本発明の液晶表示装置を得た。Between the adjacent display electrodes of this liquid crystal display device,
When a voltage of 10V was applied, no disclination line was generated, the fall response speed was 100msec,
A good display with a contrast ratio of 50: 1 was obtained. (Example 2) ITO was vapor-deposited on one glass substrate to form an ITO film having a thickness of 5000 Å, and a comb-shaped display electrode shown in FIG. 2 was formed using a positive photosensitive resist. This display electrode has a narrowed portion that serves as a tooth root. Then, after forming an alignment film on the display electrode, rubbing alignment treatment was performed on the alignment film in the longitudinal direction of the display electrode. Furthermore, after forming an alignment film on another glass substrate and performing alignment treatment, the two substrates are made to face each other so that the alignment directions are parallel alignment, and a glass fiber having an outer diameter of 5 μm is sandwiched as a spacer to form a liquid crystal cell. Was produced. Then
The obtained liquid crystal cell had a chiral pitch of 50 μm and Δn =
A 0.10 nematic p-type liquid crystal material was encapsulated. At this time, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules was 5 °. The direction of the polarizing plate was normally black. Thus, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention was obtained.
【００２１】この液晶表示装置の隣合う表示電極間に±
１０Ｖの電圧を印加したところ、ディスクリネーション
ラインの発生がなく、立ち下がり応答速度８０msec、コ
ントラスト比１００：１と良好な表示が得られた。 （実施例３）１枚のガラス基板上にアルミニウムを蒸着
して厚さ１５００オングストロームのアルミニウム膜を
形成し、ポジ型感光性レジストを用いて図３に示す形状
の表示電極を形成した。このとき、アルミニウム膜のパ
ターニング時間を充分長くすることにより、ガラス基板
との界面付近がオーバーエッチングされて、ガラス基板
の接合面が線幅２μｍの逆台形状となった。Between the adjacent display electrodes of this liquid crystal display device,
When a voltage of 10 V was applied, no disclination line was generated, and a good response was obtained with a falling response speed of 80 msec and a contrast ratio of 100: 1. (Example 3) Aluminum was vapor-deposited on a glass substrate to form an aluminum film having a thickness of 1500 Å, and a positive type photosensitive resist was used to form a display electrode having the shape shown in FIG. At this time, by sufficiently lengthening the patterning time of the aluminum film, the vicinity of the interface with the glass substrate was over-etched, and the bonding surface of the glass substrate had an inverted trapezoidal shape with a line width of 2 μm.
【００２２】次いで、表示電極上に配向膜を形成した
後、表示電極の長手方向に対して時計回り（右回転）に
１°ずらして配向膜にラビング配向処理を行った。さら
に、もう１枚のガラス基板上に配向膜を形成して配向処
理した後、配向方向が右回りに９０°ツイスト配向にな
るように２枚の基板を対向させ、スペーサとして外径６
μｍのグラスファイバーを挟み液晶セルを作製した。Next, after forming an alignment film on the display electrode, the alignment film was subjected to rubbing alignment treatment by shifting it by 1 ° in the clockwise direction (clockwise rotation) with respect to the longitudinal direction of the display electrode. Further, after forming an alignment film on another glass substrate and performing alignment treatment, the two substrates are opposed to each other so that the alignment direction is a clockwise 90 ° twist alignment, and an outer diameter of 6 is used as a spacer.
A liquid crystal cell was produced by sandwiching a glass fiber of μm.
【００２３】次いで、得られた液晶セルに左回転のカイ
ラルピッチ１００μｍ、Δｎ＝０．１０のネマチックｐ
型液晶材料を封入した。このとき、液晶分子のプレチル
ト角は８°となった。なお、偏光板方向はノーマリーブ
ラックとした。このようにして本発明の液晶表示装置を
得た。Next, a nematic p having a left-handed chiral pitch of 100 μm and Δn = 0.10 was added to the obtained liquid crystal cell.
Molded liquid crystal material enclosed. At this time, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules was 8 °. The direction of the polarizing plate was normally black. Thus, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention was obtained.
【００２４】この液晶表示装置の隣合う表示電極間に±
６Ｖの電圧を印加したところ、ディスクリネーションラ
インの発生がなく、立ち下がり応答速度６０msec、コン
トラスト比９０：１と良好な表示が得られた。 （実施例４）１枚のガラス基板上にＩＴＯを蒸着して厚
さ１０００オングストロームのＩＴＯ膜を形成した。そ
の上に、ネガ型感光性ポリイミドを用いて図４に示す形
状の絶縁層を形成した。次いで、この上にＩＴＯを蒸着
して厚さ５００オングストロームのＩＴＯ膜を形成する
ことにより、絶縁層を介して２つの表示電極を形成し
た。Between the adjacent display electrodes of this liquid crystal display device,
When a voltage of 6 V was applied, no disclination line was generated, and a good response was obtained with a falling response speed of 60 msec and a contrast ratio of 90: 1. Example 4 ITO was vapor-deposited on one glass substrate to form an ITO film having a thickness of 1000 angstrom. An insulating layer having a shape shown in FIG. 4 was formed on the negative photosensitive polyimide. Next, ITO was vapor-deposited on this to form an ITO film having a thickness of 500 Å, thereby forming two display electrodes with an insulating layer interposed therebetween.
【００２５】次いで、表示電極上に配向膜を形成した
後、表示電極の長手方向に対して時計回り（右回転）に
０．５°ずらしてＳｉＯの斜め蒸着を基板法線に対して
８０°の方向から行った。さらに、もう１枚のガラス基
板上に配向膜を形成して配向処理した後、配向方向がパ
ラレル配向になるように２枚の基板を対向させ、スペー
サとして外径５μｍのグラスファイバーを挟み液晶セル
を作製した。Next, after forming an alignment film on the display electrode, the oblique deposition of SiO is shifted by 0.5 ° in the clockwise direction (clockwise rotation) with respect to the longitudinal direction of the display electrode and the oblique vapor deposition of SiO is performed at 80 ° with respect to the substrate normal. I went from the direction. Furthermore, after forming an alignment film on another glass substrate and performing alignment treatment, the two substrates are made to face each other so that the alignment directions are parallel alignment, and a glass fiber having an outer diameter of 5 μm is sandwiched as a spacer to form a liquid crystal cell. Was produced.
【００２６】次いで、得られた液晶セルに左回転のカイ
ラルピッチ１００μｍ、Δｎ＝０．１０のネマチックｐ
型液晶材料を封入した。このとき、液晶分子のプレチル
ト角は２５°となった。なお、偏光板方向はノーマリー
ブラックとした。このようにして本発明の液晶表示装置
を得た。Next, a nematic p having a left-handed chiral pitch of 100 μm and Δn = 0.10 was added to the obtained liquid crystal cell.
Molded liquid crystal material enclosed. At this time, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules was 25 °. The direction of the polarizing plate was normally black. Thus, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention was obtained.
【００２７】この液晶表示装置の隣合う表示電極間に±
８Ｖの電圧を印加したところ、ディスクリネーションラ
インの発生がなく、立ち下がり応答速度５０msec、コン
トラスト比１００：１と良好な表示が得られた。 （比較例）１枚のガラス基板上にＩＴＯを蒸着して厚さ
５００オングストロームのＩＴＯ膜を形成し、ポジ型感
光性レジストを用いて、図１１に示すようなライン幅５
μｍ、ラインスペース１０μｍの２つの表示電極を形成
した。表示電極の長手方向に対してに２°ずらして配向
膜にラビング配向処理を行った。さらに、もう１枚のガ
ラス基板上に配向膜を形成して配向処理した後、配向方
向がパラレル配向になるように２枚の基板を対向させ、
スペーサとして外径２μｍのグラスファイバーを挟み液
晶セルを作製した。Between the adjacent display electrodes of this liquid crystal display device,
When a voltage of 8 V was applied, no disclination line was generated, a good response was obtained with a falling response speed of 50 msec and a contrast ratio of 100: 1. (Comparative Example) ITO was vapor-deposited on one glass substrate to form an ITO film having a thickness of 500 Å, and a line width of 5 as shown in FIG.
Two display electrodes having a line width of 10 μm and a line space of 10 μm were formed. The alignment film was subjected to rubbing alignment treatment while being shifted by 2 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the display electrode. Further, after forming an alignment film on another glass substrate and performing alignment treatment, the two substrates are opposed so that the alignment directions are parallel alignment,
A liquid crystal cell was produced by sandwiching a glass fiber having an outer diameter of 2 μm as a spacer.
【００２８】次いで、得られた液晶セルにカイラルピッ
チ５０μｍ、Δｎ＝０．１０のネマチックｐ型液晶材料
を封入した。このとき、液晶分子のプレチルト角は５°
となった。なお、偏光板方向はノーマリーブラックとし
た。このようにして比較例の液晶表示装置を得た。Next, a nematic p-type liquid crystal material having a chiral pitch of 50 μm and Δn = 0.10 was enclosed in the obtained liquid crystal cell. At this time, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules is 5 °
Became. The direction of the polarizing plate was normally black. Thus, the liquid crystal display device of the comparative example was obtained.
【００２９】この液晶表示装置の隣合う表示電極間に±
１０Ｖの電圧を印加したところ、ディスクリネーション
ラインが発生し、良好な表示が得られなかった。Between the adjacent display electrodes of this liquid crystal display device,
When a voltage of 10 V was applied, a disclination line was generated and a good display could not be obtained.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】以上説明した如く本発明の液晶表示装置
は、いわゆる横方向電界制御表示方式の液晶表示装置に
おいて、表示電極が複数の歯を有する櫛型電極からな
り、この歯の一部の幅を大きくして配列状態を一方向に
変化させるように制御できる形状を有するので、視野角
が広く、応答速度が速く、表示特性が優れたものであ
り、実用上大きな利点がある。As described above, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a so-called lateral electric field control display type liquid crystal display device in which the display electrode is a comb-shaped electrode having a plurality of teeth, and a part of the teeth is used. Since it has a shape that can be controlled so that the array state can be changed in one direction by increasing the width, it has a wide viewing angle, a fast response speed, and excellent display characteristics, which is a great practical advantage.
【図１】本発明の液晶表示装置の表示電極形状を示す平
面図。FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the shape of display electrodes of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の液晶表示装置の表示電極形状を示す平
面図。FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the shape of display electrodes of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の液晶表示装置の表示電極形状を示す平
面図。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the shape of display electrodes of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の液晶表示装置の表示電極形状を示す平
面図。FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the shape of display electrodes of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の液晶表示装置の表示電極形状を示す平
面図。FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the shape of display electrodes of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の液晶表示装置の表示電極形状を示す平
面図。FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the shape of display electrodes of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の液晶表示装置の表示電極形状を示す平
面図。FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the shape of display electrodes of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
【図８】本発明の液晶表示装置の表示電極形状を示す平
面図。FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the shape of display electrodes of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
【図９】本発明の液晶表示装置の表示電極形状を示す平
面図。FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the shape of display electrodes of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
【図１０】（Ａ），（Ｂ）は本発明の液晶表示装置の動
作原理を説明するための概略図。10A and 10B are schematic diagrams for explaining the operation principle of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
【図１１】従来の液晶表示装置の表示電極形状の影響を
説明するための平面図。FIG. 11 is a plan view for explaining the influence of the display electrode shape of the conventional liquid crystal display device.
１１…基板、１２…液晶分子、１３…表示電極、１４…
角部分。11 ... Substrate, 12 ... Liquid crystal molecule, 13 ... Display electrode, 14 ...
Corner part.
Claims (1)
基板上に互いに絶縁して形成された少なくとも２つの表
示電極と、前記表示電極が内側となるように前記一対の
基板を対向させた状態で前記一対の基板間に挟持された
液晶材料とを具備し、前記表示電極間に電位差を設けて
前記液晶材料中の液晶分子の配列状態を変えることによ
り旋光性を制御して表示を行う直視型または投射型液晶
表示装置において、前記表示電極が複数の歯を有する櫛
型電極からなり、前記歯の一部の幅を大きくして配列状
態を一方向に変化させるように制御できる形状を有する
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。1. A pair of substrates, at least two display electrodes formed on one of the pair of substrates so as to be insulated from each other, and the pair of substrates facing each other so that the display electrodes are inside. And a liquid crystal material sandwiched between the pair of substrates in this state, a potential difference is provided between the display electrodes to change the alignment state of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal material, thereby controlling the optical rotatory power to display an image. In the direct-view type or projection type liquid crystal display device, the display electrode is formed of a comb-shaped electrode having a plurality of teeth, and the shape in which the arrangement state can be controlled so as to change the arrangement state in one direction by increasing the width of a part of the teeth A liquid crystal display device comprising:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34846893A JPH07191336A (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Liquid crystal display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34846893A JPH07191336A (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Liquid crystal display device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07191336A true JPH07191336A (en) | 1995-07-28 |
Family
ID=18397217
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34846893A Pending JPH07191336A (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Liquid crystal display device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07191336A (en) |
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