JPH07176940A - Helical antenna - Google Patents
Helical antennaInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07176940A JPH07176940A JP32160193A JP32160193A JPH07176940A JP H07176940 A JPH07176940 A JP H07176940A JP 32160193 A JP32160193 A JP 32160193A JP 32160193 A JP32160193 A JP 32160193A JP H07176940 A JPH07176940 A JP H07176940A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- spiral
- conductor
- central axis
- along
- rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はヘリカルアンテナに関
し、特に移動体衛星通信用アンテナに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a helical antenna, and more particularly to a mobile satellite communication antenna.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ヘリカルアンテナはらせん状導線のピッ
チ角，半径を変化させると指向特性が変化する。移動体
衛星通信に用いられる従来のヘリカルアンテナは、移動
範囲が狭い場合は衛星のある方向（仰角）は常に一定で
あるとしてピッチ角，半径をあらかじめ指定された寸法
で固定して利用していた。また、移動範囲が広く衛星の
仰角が大きく変動する場合は、自動追尾装置を設けて衛
星を追尾していた。2. Description of the Related Art A helical antenna changes its directional characteristics when the pitch angle and radius of a spiral conductor are changed. Conventional helical antennas used for mobile satellite communications use a fixed pitch angle and radius with prespecified dimensions assuming that the satellite direction (elevation angle) is always constant when the range of movement is narrow. . In addition, when the range of movement is wide and the elevation angle of the satellite fluctuates greatly, an automatic tracking device is provided to track the satellite.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】移動体の移動範囲が狭
い場合でも、山岳地帯など急な坂道が多い地域を走行す
る場合は衛星の見かけの仰角が大巾に変動し、従来の寸
法固定のヘリカルアンテナでは通信不能になる場合があ
る。Even when the range of movement of the moving body is narrow, the apparent elevation angle of the satellite fluctuates greatly when traveling in an area with many steep slopes such as mountainous areas, and the conventional fixed size is used. Communication may not be possible with a helical antenna.
【０００４】また、自動追尾装置を設ける場合は、コス
トが非常に高くなり、装置全体が大型化する。Further, when the automatic tracking device is provided, the cost becomes very high and the entire device becomes large.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明のヘリカルアンテ
ナは、らせん状に巻かれ、一端が固定され他端がらせん
中心軸に沿って変位することによりらせん全体における
ピッチ角及び半径がほぼ均等に変化するらせん状導線
と、前記らせん状導線内空間にらせん中心軸に沿って貫
装された非導体の棒状部材を介して前記らせん状導線の
前記他端をらせん中心軸に沿って駆動し、前記変位を起
こさせる駆動装置と、前記駆動装置の前記棒状部材の前
記らせん状導線に対する駆動位置を制御する制御装置と
を備えている。The helical antenna of the present invention is spirally wound, one end is fixed and the other end is displaced along the central axis of the helix so that the pitch angle and radius in the entire helix become substantially equal. By changing the spiral conductor and driving the other end of the spiral conductor along the spiral central axis through a non-conductive rod-shaped member penetrating in the spiral conductor inner space along the spiral central axis, A drive device for causing the displacement and a control device for controlling a drive position of the rod-shaped member of the drive device with respect to the spiral conductive wire are provided.
【０００６】また、上記構成において、前記駆動装置
が、前記らせん状導線の前記他端に固着された非導体の
つば状部材と、前記つば状部材と係合し軸方向に直線移
動可能な前記棒状部材である伸縮棒とを備え、前記伸縮
棒の前記らせん状導線の外部に突出する部分に軸方向の
駆動力を与えることにより前記つば状部材を介して前記
らせん状導線の前記他端にらせん中心軸に沿った駆動力
を与える構成とすることができる。Further, in the above-mentioned structure, the drive device is engaged with the non-conductor collar-shaped member fixed to the other end of the spiral conductor, and is linearly movable in the axial direction by engaging with the collar-shaped member. A telescopic rod that is a rod-shaped member, and by applying an axial driving force to a portion of the telescopic rod that protrudes to the outside of the spiral conductive wire, to the other end of the spiral conductive wire via the collar-shaped member. The drive force may be applied along the central axis of the helix.
【０００７】あるいは、前記駆動装置が、前記らせん状
導線の前記他端に固着されねじ穴を有する非導体のつば
状部材と、前記らせん状導線内空間にらせん中心軸に沿
って設けられ前記つば状部材のらせん中心軸に沿った移
動を案内する非導体の案内レールと、外周部分に前記つ
ば状部材の前記ねじ穴とはめ合わされるねじが切られ軸
を中心に回転可能な前記棒状部材である伸縮ねじとを備
え、前記伸縮ねじの前記らせん状導線の外部に突出する
部分に軸を中心とする回転力を与えることにより前記つ
ば状部材を介して前記らせん状導線の前記他端にらせん
中心軸に沿った駆動力を与える構成とすることができ
る。Alternatively, the drive unit is a non-conductive collar member fixed to the other end of the spiral conductor and having a screw hole, and the collar provided in the spiral conductor inner space along the center axis of the spiral. A non-conducting guide rail that guides the movement of the strip-shaped member along the central axis of the spiral, and a rod-shaped member that is screwed into the screw hole of the collar-shaped member in the outer peripheral portion and is rotatable about the shaft. A stretchable screw, and by applying a rotational force about an axis to a portion of the stretchable screw projecting to the outside of the spiral conductor, the spiral screw is provided to the other end of the spiral conductor via the collar-shaped member. It can be configured to give a driving force along the central axis.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】次に本発明について図面を参照して説明す
る。The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【０００９】図１は本発明の一実施例を示す模式的構成
図である。ねじれに対する弾性及び導電性を有する物質
からなりらせん状に巻かれた一対の導線１０が、反射板
２０に絶縁して取付けられた給電端子１１に各の一端１
０ａが固定されており、給電端子１１を介して図示して
いない無線機からの給電を受け電波を放射する（逆も
可）。なお、導線１０は弾性を有する第１の物質の表面
に導電性を有する第２の物質を被覆して構成することが
できる。この導線１０のらせん中心軸に沿って反射板２
０を貫通して非導体の伸縮棒４０が挿入されており、そ
の先端に固定された非導体のつば４１に導線１０の他端
１０ｂが固着されている。伸縮棒４０の下端にはラック
４４が設けてあり、モータ６０により駆動される歯車６
１とかみ合っている。制御回路７０は外部からの仰角を
指定する制御信号ＣＳに基づいてモータ６０を制御し、
伸縮棒４０を上下方向（図１中の矢印Ａ方向）、すなわ
ちらせん中心軸に沿った方向に動かす。伸縮棒４０の動
きに合わせてつば４１及び導線１０の他端１０ｂが同様
にＡ方向に動く。らせん状の導線１０はねじれに対する
弾性が有るので、他端１０ｂの動きに合わせて線長は変
化せずにそのピッチ及び半径がらせん全体に亘ってほぼ
均等に変化する。FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. A pair of spirally wound conductive wires 10 made of a material having elasticity and electrical conductivity against twisting are connected to a power supply terminal 11 insulated and attached to a reflection plate 20 at one end 1 of each.
0a is fixed and receives electric power from a radio device (not shown) via the power supply terminal 11 to emit radio waves (or vice versa). The conductive wire 10 can be formed by coating the surface of the first substance having elasticity with the second substance having conductivity. Along the spiral center axis of the conductor 10, the reflector 2
A non-conductive expandable rod 40 is inserted through 0, and the other end 10b of the conductive wire 10 is fixed to a non-conductive flange 41 fixed to the tip thereof. A rack 44 is provided at the lower end of the telescopic rod 40, and the gear 6 driven by the motor 60
It meshes with 1. The control circuit 70 controls the motor 60 based on a control signal CS that specifies an elevation angle from the outside,
The telescopic rod 40 is moved in the vertical direction (direction of arrow A in FIG. 1), that is, in the direction along the central axis of the helix. The collar 41 and the other end 10b of the conductive wire 10 similarly move in the A direction in accordance with the movement of the telescopic rod 40. Since the spiral conductive wire 10 has elasticity with respect to twisting, the pitch and radius of the spiral conductive wire 10 do not change in accordance with the movement of the other end 10b, and the pitch and the radius change substantially evenly throughout the spiral.
【００１０】このときのコニカルビームの方向（仰角）
の変化の様子を図３に示す。同図（ａ）は導線１０のら
せんを引き伸ばした場合（ピッチ角大，半径小）を示
し、ビーム方向は下向きになり、仰角が低い場合に対応
できる。同図（ｂ）はらせんを押し縮めた場合（ピッチ
角小，半径大）を示し、ビーム方向は上向きになり、仰
角が高い場合に対応できる。導線１０が２線５ターンの
場合、半径０．０５λ，ピッチ角６０°の状態から、伸
縮棒４０によりアンテナ長を縮め、半径０．１λ，ピッ
チ角３０°の状態まで変化させることにより、仰角で３
０°〜９０°（真上）までのコニカルビームを約１ｄＢ
以下の利得変化で実現できる。Conical beam direction (elevation angle) at this time
FIG. 3 shows the state of the change. FIG. 10A shows a case where the spiral of the conductor 10 is stretched (pitch angle is large, radius is small), the beam direction is downward, and it is possible to cope with a low elevation angle. The figure (b) shows a case where the spiral is compressed (pitch angle is small, radius is large), and the beam direction is upward, and it is possible to cope with a high elevation angle. When the conducting wire 10 has two turns and five turns, the antenna length is shortened by the telescopic rod 40 from the state of the radius of 0.05λ and the pitch angle of 60 ° to the state of the radius of 0.1λ and the pitch angle of 30 °, so that the elevation In 3
Approximately 1 dB for a conical beam from 0 ° to 90 ° (directly above)
It can be realized by the following gain changes.
【００１１】図２は本発明の他の実施例を示す模式的構
成図である。図１と同一符号は同一あるいは相当部分を
示す。導線１０のらせん内空間に中心軸に沿って一対の
非導体の案内レール５３が設けられており、導線１０の
他端１０ｂに固着されたつば５１はこの案内レール５３
に沿って上下方向（図２中矢印Ａ方向）のみに移動でき
る。つば５１の中央には穴があけられ内側にねじが切ら
れたナット部５２が設けてある。らせん中心軸に沿って
挿入された非導体の伸縮ねじ５０は、外周部分にねじが
切られナット部５２とはめ合わされており、他端に歯車
５４が設けられ歯車６１を介してモータ６０に接続され
ている。外部からの制御信号ＣＳに基づく制御回路７０
の制御によりモータ６０が回転し、伸縮ねじ５０が軸を
中心とする回転（図２中矢印Ｂ方向）を行う。伸縮ねじ
５０の回転に応じてつば５１が上下に移動し導線１０の
らせんピッチ角及び半径が変化する。FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same or corresponding portions. A pair of non-conducting guide rails 53 are provided along the central axis in the space inside the spiral of the conductor 10, and the collar 51 fixed to the other end 10b of the conductor 10 has the guide rail 53.
Can be moved only in the vertical direction (direction of arrow A in FIG. 2). A nut portion 52 having a hole formed in the center of the collar 51 and a threaded inside is provided. The non-conductive expansion screw 50 inserted along the central axis of the spiral is threaded on the outer peripheral portion and fitted with the nut portion 52, and the gear 54 is provided at the other end and is connected to the motor 60 via the gear 61. Has been done. Control circuit 70 based on control signal CS from the outside
The motor 60 rotates under the control of (1) and the expansion screw 50 rotates about the shaft (in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 2). The collar 51 moves up and down according to the rotation of the expansion screw 50, and the spiral pitch angle and radius of the conductor wire 10 change.
【００１２】なお、本実施例においては伸縮棒４０や伸
縮ねじ５０に駆動力を与えその位置を制御する装置とし
てモータ６０及び制御回路７０を用いたが、これらを用
いずに手動により駆動及び位置制御を行う構成とするこ
とも可能である。In this embodiment, the motor 60 and the control circuit 70 are used as a device for applying a driving force to the telescopic rod 40 and the telescopic screw 50 to control the position thereof. It is also possible to adopt a configuration for performing control.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明のヘリカル
アンテナは、らせん状導線の中心軸に沿って挿入された
棒状部材を動かすことによりらせん状導線のピッチ角及
び半径を変化させビーム方向（仰角）を変化させること
ができるので、衛星通信を行う移動体が衛星に対する仰
角が大巾に変動する広域（高緯度地方から赤道近辺ま
で）や一時的に急激に変動する傾斜地等を移動する場合
でも、高価で大型な自動追尾装置を必要とせず、容易に
衛星との通信を確保することができる。As described above, in the helical antenna of the present invention, the pitch angle and radius of the spiral wire are changed by moving the rod-shaped member inserted along the central axis of the spiral wire to change the beam direction ( Since the elevation angle can be changed, even when a mobile unit that performs satellite communication moves in a wide area (from the high latitude region to the equator) where the elevation angle with respect to the satellite fluctuates widely, or on a sloping land where there is a temporary sharp change The communication with the satellite can be easily secured without requiring an expensive and large automatic tracking device.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す模式的構成図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の他の実施例を示す模式的構成図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】分図（ａ），（ｂ）はらせん状導線の形状変化
にともなうビーム角の変化を示す図である。FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a change in beam angle with a change in shape of a spiral conductor. FIGS.
１０ 導線 ２０ 反射板 ４０ 伸縮棒 ５０ 伸縮ねじ ４１，５１ つば ５２ ナット部 ５３ 案内レール ６０ モータ ７０ 制御回路 10 Conductor wire 20 Reflector plate 40 Telescopic rod 50 Telescopic screw 41, 51 Collar 52 Nut part 53 Guide rail 60 Motor 70 Control circuit
Claims (3)
がらせん中心軸に沿って変位することによりらせん全体
におけるピッチ角及び半径がほぼ均等に変化するらせん
状導線と、 前記らせん状導線内空間にらせん中心軸に沿って貫装さ
れた非導体の棒状部材を介して前記らせん状導線の前記
他端をらせん中心軸に沿って駆動し、前記変位を起こさ
せる駆動装置と、 前記駆動装置の前記棒状部材の前記らせん状導線に対す
る駆動位置を制御する制御装置と、 を備えることを特徴とするヘリカルアンテナ。1. A spiral conductive wire, which is wound in a spiral shape, one end of which is fixed and the other end of which is displaced along a central axis of the spiral so that a pitch angle and a radius of the entire spiral change substantially uniformly, and the spiral conductive wire. A drive device for driving the other end of the spiral conductive wire along the spiral central axis through a non-conductive rod-shaped member penetrating in the inner space along the spiral central axis to cause the displacement; A control device for controlling a driving position of the rod-shaped member of the device with respect to the spiral conductive wire, and the helical antenna.
記他端に固着された非導体のつば状部材と、前記つば状
部材と係合し軸方向に直線移動可能な前記棒状部材であ
る伸縮棒とを備え、前記伸縮棒の前記らせん状導線の外
部に突出する部分に軸方向の駆動力を与えることにより
前記つば状部材を介して前記らせん状導線の前記他端に
らせん中心軸に沿った駆動力を与えることを特徴とする
請求項１記載のヘリカルアンテナ。2. The drive device is a non-conductor collar member fixed to the other end of the spiral conductor, and the rod member that engages with the collar member and is linearly movable in the axial direction. An elastic rod is provided, and by applying an axial driving force to a portion of the elastic rod projecting outside of the spiral conductive wire, the spiral central axis is provided to the other end of the spiral conductive wire via the collar member. The helical antenna according to claim 1, wherein a driving force is applied along the helical antenna.
記他端に固着されねじ穴を有する非導体のつば状部材
と、前記らせん状導線内空間にらせん中心軸に沿って設
けられ前記つば状部材のらせん中心軸に沿った移動を案
内する非導体の案内レールと、外周部分に前記つば状部
材の前記ねじ穴とはめ合わされるねじが切られ軸を中心
に回転可能な前記棒状部材である伸縮ねじとを備え、前
記伸縮ねじの前記らせん状導線の外部に突出する部分に
軸を中心とする回転力を与えることにより前記つば状部
材を介して前記らせん状導線の前記他端にらせん中心軸
に沿った駆動力を与えることを特徴とする請求項１記載
のヘリカルアンテナ。3. The non-conductive collar member fixed to the other end of the spiral conductor and having a screw hole, and the drive unit provided in the inner space of the spiral conductor along a central axis of the spiral. A non-conducting guide rail that guides the movement of the strip-shaped member along the central axis of the spiral, and a rod-shaped member that is screwed into the screw hole of the collar-shaped member in the outer peripheral portion and is rotatable about the shaft. A stretchable screw, and by applying a rotational force about an axis to a portion of the stretchable screw projecting to the outside of the spiral conductor, the spiral screw is provided to the other end of the spiral conductor via the collar-shaped member. The helical antenna according to claim 1, wherein a driving force is applied along the central axis.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5321601A JP2677177B2 (en) | 1993-12-21 | 1993-12-21 | Helical antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5321601A JP2677177B2 (en) | 1993-12-21 | 1993-12-21 | Helical antenna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07176940A true JPH07176940A (en) | 1995-07-14 |
| JP2677177B2 JP2677177B2 (en) | 1997-11-17 |
Family
ID=18134362
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5321601A Expired - Fee Related JP2677177B2 (en) | 1993-12-21 | 1993-12-21 | Helical antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2677177B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07263945A (en) * | 1994-03-25 | 1995-10-13 | Antenna Giken Kk | Directional variable helical antenna system |
| WO1996019846A1 (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-06-27 | Deltec New Zealand Limited | An adjustable helical antenna |
| JPH08265036A (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1996-10-11 | Tech Res & Dev Inst Of Japan Def Agency | Conical spiral antenna |
| US5892480A (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1999-04-06 | Harris Corporation | Variable pitch angle, axial mode helical antenna |
| CN110581349A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-17 | 北京梦之墨科技有限公司 | Frequency conversion antenna and signal receiving and transmitting device |
| CN113517534A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-10-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | Deployable helical antenna, control method and mobile terminal |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5112982A (en) * | 1974-07-21 | 1976-01-31 | Masao Sudo | MENKI |
| JPS5595310U (en) * | 1978-12-26 | 1980-07-02 | ||
| JPH03274909A (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1991-12-05 | Akg Akust & Kino Geraete Gmbh | Ultrashort wave transmitting and /or receiving antenna formed as helical antenna |
| JPH04274906A (en) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-09-30 | Ohtsu Tire & Rubber Co Ltd :The | Tire for heavy load |
| JPH06232620A (en) * | 1993-02-03 | 1994-08-19 | N T T Idou Tsuushinmou Kk | Antenna system |
-
1993
- 1993-12-21 JP JP5321601A patent/JP2677177B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5112982A (en) * | 1974-07-21 | 1976-01-31 | Masao Sudo | MENKI |
| JPS5595310U (en) * | 1978-12-26 | 1980-07-02 | ||
| JPH03274909A (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1991-12-05 | Akg Akust & Kino Geraete Gmbh | Ultrashort wave transmitting and /or receiving antenna formed as helical antenna |
| JPH04274906A (en) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-09-30 | Ohtsu Tire & Rubber Co Ltd :The | Tire for heavy load |
| JPH06232620A (en) * | 1993-02-03 | 1994-08-19 | N T T Idou Tsuushinmou Kk | Antenna system |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07263945A (en) * | 1994-03-25 | 1995-10-13 | Antenna Giken Kk | Directional variable helical antenna system |
| WO1996019846A1 (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-06-27 | Deltec New Zealand Limited | An adjustable helical antenna |
| JPH08265036A (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1996-10-11 | Tech Res & Dev Inst Of Japan Def Agency | Conical spiral antenna |
| US5892480A (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1999-04-06 | Harris Corporation | Variable pitch angle, axial mode helical antenna |
| CN110581349A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-17 | 北京梦之墨科技有限公司 | Frequency conversion antenna and signal receiving and transmitting device |
| CN113517534A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-10-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | Deployable helical antenna, control method and mobile terminal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2677177B2 (en) | 1997-11-17 |
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